#EVERYONE is hostile at all times
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One of my favorite things about The Magnus Archives fics is the implication that any of these people like each other in literally any way whatsoever.
#the way everyone hates Jon is lowkey hilarious#and the way they all fight tooth and nail to also keep each other alive is even better#peak coworker relationships#it’s like siblings but worse#the magnus archives#I’m relistening to the series and realized I never glanced at fic and omg#I love the fanon need to make any of this palatable#Tim would kill Jon for literally a free drink but he also won’t let anyone else kill Jon#that’s insane person behavior#EVERYONE is hostile at all times#just 24/7#I love them
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Actually research skills are hard to learn especially unsupervised so maybe telling people to just "Go figure it out" especially if you already know they've been failed academically in other ways, might actually be a great way to just send them to a PragerU video on the topic.
#Like what specific things do you look for in a good source?#How do you develop sources that you can trust to give you new information?#These take looking at and analyzing good and bad sources with a trusted educator#Not being told by someone on the internet that you should “Already know this”#“That's no excuse” it literally is I'm sorry that you think everyone should be perfect but that's not how things are#everyone (even you) has shit they probably should know but don't#There's new people being born all the time they do not spring from the womb with the same knowledge in your head!#And we live in an actively hostile information environment!#Just seems like maybe we could focus our rage cannons on institutions#Instead of individual people who were failed by them#When younger americans bring up how they were failed in this regard they are often asking for help even#And just get hit with this stupid rage at someone else possibly not knowing something that seems obvious#I'm just saying for a bunch of people priding themselves on not being as bad as the children; the folks who talk like this aren't acting it
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i need a fic of soap bringing ghost home to his family for the holidays. his family’s always disapproved of everything; being queer, being in the military, being with ghost and it’s all over not a great time but they’re trying to pretend for the sake of the holiday. they get into it after dinner one night though and for once soap isn’t backing down, not when it’s ghost they’re attacking, when the power suddenly goes out. soap moves just in time for a shot to come through the window and he orders his family to get down
graves and what’s left of shadow company followed them to glasgow; it’s the first time they’ve been away from the 141 and they think it’ll be their best chance to take them out. johnny and simon are left behind as they become soap and ghost and soap’s childhood home becomes a battleground, his hysterical family who still think he can’t be that good of a soldier now civilians that he has to protect and get out in one piece
#its the full gambit of sisters with their partners and kids#all with respectable normal jobs and lives#then theres john still running around playing soldier and now shacking up with his commanding officer#soaps been quiet the entire time just gritting his teeth and letting them have go after go in the name of peace#ghosts been fuming the entire time but his own family trauma and not wanting to go against johnnys wishes keeps his mouth shut#and then that instant switch the second the bullet comes through the window#theyre sergeant mactavish and lieutenant ghost now and they dont give a single shit about anything butgetting out alive#‘we need to call the police!’#‘call local pd who’re drunk off their arses and never fired their guns in their fucking lives yeah right’#‘this isnt the time for you to play soldier’#‘youre right. this isnt a game. its war and youre gonna shut the fuck up and let me get you outta this alive’#ghost sneaks upstairs to get the hidden guns he brought and to get one of the kids whod been napping#soap stays to get everyone out of the way and watch out for hostiles#ghost slides him a sniper rifle and he takes out the sniper on the opposite roof and when he looks back at his family theyre#looking at him like theyve never seen him before#i just need soap whos been underestimated his entire life showing just how competent he really is#soapghost#ghostsoap#soap mactavish#soap cod#ghost cod#simon ghost riley#we’re a team. ghost team
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#I wasn’t going to post abt this again but it rlly bothered me#I rlly dislike how normalized condescension and downright hostility in the lolita community is#all I did was send a silly little tier list that I put my own time and effort into making#but instead of just…. doing the ranking multiple people decided to be blatantly rude to me because of the title?#like 1. it doesn’t even matter 2. it’s just the fucking title#they also seemed to blatantly misinterpreted what the title was#it said ERA at the end because it was a tier list of the era that AP made things in that particular style#the title wasn’t ‘aps Swassic releases’#I just didn’t know what else to title it yet somehow that was enough to be rude to my fucking face and even comment further to basically#make fun of me#genuinely it’s tiring and ridiculous#sorry that I didn’t title it#the era that angelic pretty made some Swassic#some gothic#some creepy cute#and some sweet releases#like jfc this community’s issue with nitpicking and condescension is why people no longer want to try and do fun things#everyone always asks why blogs and YouTube channels and lolita media in general is dying and it’s because#trying to do anything even for fun in this community is met with these kinds of responses#over a TITLE#that literally doesn’t fucking matter#like I try very hard to avoid ranting because I don’t like conflict but what the fuck#it’s very disheartening#I mean maybe they didn’t realize I made it and they were pretty much making fun of me to my face but even the#why be ok with making fun of smthn ANYONE did just for fun#yaps
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"Mr. Page received your letter directed unto my lady Anne, and delivered the same. There is yet no answer. She gave kind words, but will not promise to speak to the King for you." Cromwell to the Cardinal.
#anne boleyn#anneboleynedit#still on my quest of posting all non-chapuys primary source quotes on anne...#also either a suggestion of conversion or detracting from arguments vis a vis cromwell's 'lutheranism'...in this same letter he says#he wished luther had never been born. so.#just love how suggestive this quote is lol#she could speak for you. but she won't <3#at the same time this is a feature you see come up again and again in. again#non chapuys primary sources . of people that actually spoke with or communicated directly with anne#thomas wynter says the same (she spoke very kindly to him was his quote iirc)#which runs rather counter to the narrative that she was needlessly hostile~ to everyone. and suggests even when she gave you a refusal.#it was gentle but firm .#henry viii#also the prevailing myth that all including cromwell of wolsey's 'affinity' despised her bcus they blamed her for his downfall...#they either weren't all that close to him or they didn't really blame her. richard page is the messenger here#and he seems to have enjoyed a very warm relationship with anne#page also had ties to henry fitzroy and anne stanhope. things that make you go hmmm
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ramblings on Li Ming (and Heart) and homosexuality
moonlight chicken has so many things to offer in terms of technical beauty and interesting themes but what i cannot stop thinking about is the different ways they approach homosexuality in the story.
we have Wen who has a rainbow flag on his desk and pictures of him and Alan on the wall. Wen, who openly flirts with Jim and has no qualms talking openly about his one night stand. Wen, whose step father knows about his sexuality and is close enough with him to discuss his love life.
Kaipa we don’t know too much about. But his mom knows and is supportive and some of the vendors and the chicken family seem to know. But if anyone was questioning in what reality this show is set with all the class discussion and corona featuring, his part of the story shows that homophobia exists and he is worried about how he fits in with his own family, the expectations of his mother and possible the awareness that he makes the family he has “different”.
Jim is arguably even more visibly gay than Wen in terms of what we see throughout the show. He opened the shop with his ex, they prayed at the temple together and even though he objected due to proprities sake eventually they loudly declared their love to each other and the whole neighbourhood knows. Wen somehow feels like he is living in the remnants of a bubble: his circle of friends seems very queer, his closest friend and the whole gym seem to be all part of that as well. This only might change now with him questioning his work and breaking up with Alan: some gatherings he won’t attend anymore apparently.
And finally, we have Li Ming. At school he doesn’t seem to open up to his classmates on most things and additionally is in the closet. While there wasn’t anything alluding to homophobic rethoric being spread at school we can see how the heteronormativity gets to him and feel that there must be good reason as to why no one knows. And it could just be how Li Ming is judging the situation based on vibes, we don’t know. His mother is or at least was homophobic but at the same time he is raised by his gay uncle who is surrounded by other gay people. And I love how it feels like this might have given him enough security to be comfortable with his own sexuality but how it also isn’t enough to shield him from the world at large.
With so many great shows coming out of Thailand and most of them getting more and more political it just feels so real and 2023 to me that Li Ming is part of a generation that knows who they are but still have to battle with the shadow that homophobia has cast way before they were born.
#moonlight chicken#i had this in my draft for a week now thinking if i'd get the time i could put this more leloquently but that was a lie as it turns out#might edit some stuff later#but for now i just have to write about how fantastic this show is for giving these varied realities of queer life#which are all influenced by their environment but also in the way the characters connect across generations#we don't know if him had a gay mentor who could've guided him#whereas li ming technically has him and his neighbourhood friends to reference#but li ming - understandibly so - seems more closeted than anyone else (minus Heart possigly)#in middle school everyone around me proclaimed how supportive they were of lgbt+ rights#but as soon as one guy came out he become the TALK of the school for weeks#he got reduced to his sexuality#and when he dated a girls some months after he got called attention seeking for coming out as gay before#and most people thought they were doing an open-minded thing#and despite knowing that i know that i am not the only queer kid who decided to not come out lest we'd become that talk of the whole school#and our dating lives scrutinized#even though all of us were super comfortable with who we are#and for me that was mostly the case because i had adult lesbian role models close to my family#so i knew i was good and that nothing strange was going on#but still - this othering made the school environment hostile enough to keep me in the closet#so yes - i am extremely delighted with how they depict this dynamic with li ming
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my boss is abusive like straight up <3 <3 <3 not even in a "donate to my gofundme to help me escape an abusive living situation and by that i mean my roommate asked me to do the dishes" type of way. like i am literally trapped in the cycle of build up explosive incident honeymoon phase
#WOMEN IN MALE DOMINATED FIELDS!!!!!#she spent literally all day yesterday (which is 12 hours btw bc there are no boundaries in this industry) berating me and making me feel#like i couldn't do anything right and i cried like four times and called my dad (lol) and was genuinely shaking like a chihuahua by the end#of it#and then today she's acting like my best friend and giving me cigarettes and i cried on a call in front of everyone and told her i felt lik#she was hostile to me and she apologized and was like yeah im fighting with my husband so that's why i was feeling hostile#which is like okay but not an excuse to terrorize me like that lol#ugh. i had this moment of perverse relief yesterday when i thought she was basically just looking for reasons to fire me and i was like oka#well at least this might be over soon even though that means i have to start the job hunt again#but now the horror is dawning on me that she wants to keep me here and It's Never Over#like this is insane i need to leave i need a new job
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I need a Rebels Modern AU that has Chopper as an orange cat & an absolute menace (a.k.a. typical orange cat)
#knocking things off tables and shelves#zoomies at all times of day#tracking litter everywhere#no braincells just war crimes#he's that type of cat who's an affectionate angel to his mama#and he's indifferent or hostile to everyone else#i don't have the energy to write an entire fic just to make this happen tho#if anyone's read one w/ this i'd love the link#chopper#rebels#sw rebels#star wars#rebels au#star wars rebels
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omgg lol [guy who won't stop going "more like scapeGOATED" voice] now hold! on!! lmao [same guy just saw encanto voice] Hold on!!!
#& [it might be 5am but i'll still see if i can draw some] trackpad homemade reacts. inhales & hands to head/face x9 then walking off#site giving pretty random Suggested assortment there where i was like oh right sure. prob not tumblr keywords captures lmaooo#(plus happened to have it open in firefox) but my god Not the scapegoated literal seers lmfao. whoooo. my god#also it was just really good anyways like right nice. damn#the (queerrr) seerrr the perceiverrr the truth tellerrr the ruinerrr the scapegoat be-errr the internalizerrr the neurodivergerrr#& now i Know there is 0% chance ppl weren't putting ''always a gay cousin or it's you (avuncular edition)'' in that thing#family tree design not even leaving space for the hypothetical kids of this relative we mostly pretend is nonexistent hmm#also that necessarily. it's giving all intents & purposes Disability abt a dozen ways & it's saying [accept that] vs [we'd better fix him]#you don't cite said [it's giving disability] as part of the We All Hate The Horrible Little Freak scapegoating justification & then be like#''actually we don't have to do that anymore b/c he's sooo normal :)'' or not if you're serious about [don't scapegoat your family] anyways#which like oh ok they Are serious so The Weirdo's scapegoating / casting out / lack of support Isn't justified#so he's still weird & you just gotta get over that b/c otherwise. bye. having a natural rat affinity is such a slay btw#& we've all been there like ''you NEVER want two scapegoats talking it's Over if they do'' + littlest kid is like um. they're the best#plankton voice Correct! inhale i'm so impressed like. getting to go ''finally someone Normal'' (serious abt letting someone Be Weird(tm))#which also always counts as like mm hard time suggesting someone's Not queer & also autistic for a start lmao. an award#adding in suggested layers like talking to oneself; talking Oddly / w difficulty; physical uncoordination; rituals ; acting; animal friend#the layer of ''& all that's fine? like?'' again rather than him ever suppressing or even changing it so far as it's suggested#besides that it's observed as Weird like but so? or else what? nonrhetorical: hostility / rescinded support & driving someone off is what?#& that Truth like the [worse treatment / exclusion / scapegoat] oft recipe for someone giving the support they're not getting themself#again Never let the [ppl both experiencing this] talk oh it's So over. or the child who's all i like family support & kindness actuallyy...#obviously also like the complete opposite of billions. knowing what they're about & letting this Just As Beloved crucial guy be So Weird#but billions Also [hmm feels right for our scapegoated guy to Perceive / Tell Truths / openly want/need & then be hurt] now get his ass#anyway [guy who could always go way on could go way on but only has thirty tags & it's 6am & i still mean to try some drawing] voice#remarkable amt of So True & ''it feels like ppl on the same page w/exactly what they're doing are all behind this''#remarkable amount of concentrated My God That Is So A Slay located in bruno all at once. what a gift#sticking to ''sometimes someone In Your Group is Weird. Disabled. deal'' firmly enough there's no ;) oh u can bet we'll Fix Him in the end#everyone always assumes the worst so....me when i'm [always as a kid yearning for Living In Secret Passages]. emile gtmpota?#oh congrats to whatever rando who will be having his dramatic gay reunion w/bruno just out of frame obviously. i perceive#now imagine if That rando was....emile gtmpota! what a crossover event. haunting4haunting. do i have enough tags for this lmao. yea#& having 1 more tag to say: as though the [endless serving] isn't enough bruno's also as close to gender envy as it gets. incl rats; sure
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I started a literature course at the public library and there was the poshest women I've ever heard in my life there my eyes literally widened in disbelief at the way she was pronouncing some words omg...
#she was so um annoying though LMAOOOOOOO#every time she started talking about 'the first populations' of america i could see the trans girl in the group going like 😐#she was all like 'this story takes place in nature and of course the first population in america are very in touch with nature'#'which suggests to me the author definitely spent time with them' girl he literally is using nature as a source of horror#he explicitly stated that he used the 'hostility of natives' as an inspiration for the horror in his novels? he wasn't learning from them#it just seemed like she was trying to score liberal points or something idek it was so strange#and then this other woman was like 'the narrator just seems like an incel who didn't get his way' girl...#the poor guy teaching us has a PhD in spanish literature and he was trying his best to agree with everyones contributions but lmaoooo#also the people like 'its hard to understand old language' bro this is the teachers second language don't complain about finding it too hard#then half the group didn't even do the reading dkbdkebdkdjdj#anyway. i did really love it though i felt like hearing some other people's thoughts and the historical context was really fun#i love when you feel ambivalent about a text and then after analysing it you start to love it because you notice things you didn't before
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sure would be nice. if people could debunk a dumb exaggerated/incorrect fanon without people immediately turning it 180° and happily hauling ass right into another dumb exaggerated/incorrect fanon. while gleefully crowing about how canon and correct this opposite take is.
sure would be nice 🙃
#tw salt#tw negativity#venting#I'm crying the reactionary takes are just as bad 😭😭😭#to be clear people can do whatever they want in fandom#we are here ultimately to play with Barbie dolls in whatever way makes our brain go brrrrrrrr#and that is not going to look the same for everyone and we just gotta deal with that#what drives me BONKERS is when people confidently assert their sometimes Extremely Fanon takes as Canon#when every word they type is blaring through a megaphone “I don't know what I'm talking about! :D”#“No I haven't read the relevant comics! :D”#“Everything I think I know I learned from sad woobie fanfic and batfam tiktok and out of context panels from different continuities! :D"#“I am 200% confident in this info and will spread it around as a Subject Matter Expert! :D”#I'll happily run across some funny post with more canon-based characterizations and relationships#and browse through the reblogs only to be slugged in the face by “funny! but AK-SHULLY canon would be that [COMPLETELY INCORRECT FANON] 🤓”#let me have PEACE#going back and deleting a bunch of tag snark about specific examples before hitting post#actually I'll leave just one because it's what set me off#“Dick was a hostile resentful asshole to Jason as Robin and they had a terrible relationship before Jason died!”#versus#“Dick and Robin!Jay were sooooo brothers! just the brothers of all time & the model all later batsibling relationships were based on! <333”#*me taking 4d10 psychic damage from both attacks*#Cam posts
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#if I've made anyone uncomfortable with the things I've been posting the last few days that was in fact the point and fully intended#and I don't say that to be cruel but simply to drive home the point that fandom spaces can be both safe and hostile at the same time#it is a deeply uncomfortable thing to acknowledge and I know most people do no want to deal with that and I understand that truly#but it was important to me to acknowledge and to give my opinion so that's what I did#At the same time none of this changes my opinion on my ship or the fact that I love a certain character other people find problematic#and I am fine with people finding that problematic because I am human being I am problematic by default#and I am confident enough in myself as a person to know when to acknowledge when I've contributed to problematic behavior#and realize the world doesn't end when this happens#my opinion of the fandom I've made my home in hasn't changed either#I had these views before and now they're out there in the open messy wording and all#and if you've decided that changes your opinion of me for the worse that's fine you can unfollow block etc#I understand that even in my attempt to acknowledge hurt within my fandom I've probably hurt other people and I have made my peace with it#but for everyone else that's shown me support both on tumblr and in private#for everyone that's listened to me vent about this subject over DMs and validated my hurt feelings#instead of trying to press your own discomforts onto me to carry in addition to my own#thank you#I've carved a permanent space in my heart for you and I truly mean that#I waded into this mess fully expecting to be ignored at best and to lose connections at worst and I was fully okay with it#but the love I've gotten and the deep honest and vulnerable conversations I've had over the last few days has truly been astounding to me#this last part is taking me AGES to write#because I'm actually crying thinking about all the good that's come out of this#and I acknowledge that's not a universal opinion and that's fine I'm really only speaking to my personal experience with what's happened#which despite outward appearances has been incredibly cathartic and uplifting for me#and I don't need everyone in the fandom to share my views or validate me or tell me I'm right people are allowed to disagree#I also don't need to have a deep personal and honest connection with everyone in the fandom where I can share my deepest vulnerabilities#but the fact that I could have that connection with some of you? that's enough for me. it's everything to me.
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once again thinkin bout the thing of kurt being very chill about flings & one-night-stands but like. in regards to himself only being comfortable with thought of such with people that he. knows beyond a name. this is slightly diminished in cases of the other also not being human-passing (or passing but not being of earth), because the want for familiarity is very much tied to a fear of being seen as just an exotic novelty to add as a conversation piece with other non-mutants. he's long grown past accepting being seen as a sideshow attraction. really if given the choice he far prefers a friendship with benefits (even if the "benefit" happens only once) as opposed to a flat-out one-night-stand where he's unlikely to hear from the other ever again, & would prefer to start as friends even when the attraction is clearly mutual from the start. he needs to know to his bones he's desired beyond the "freak" factor.
#it's been a fairly running thing since nearly the first time kurt went out in ny without his image inducer that like#ppl (particularly talking abt non-mutants here) Do find kurt's fuzzy self handsome n appealing#like it was a whole gag in some 00s issues (n i think some early 10s) that he was practically parkour dodging potential entanglements#but he straightup says that not being looked at in a necessarily hostile way is sometimes almost Worse#theres a whole lotta personal issues coatin kurt's entire view of the matter chief among em just a lack of positive exp#it's no longer quite Debilitating for his ability to make connections but it's always there informing How he makes connections#thus preferring a nice lil buffer period of flirt-n-banter at minimum to establish a dyn before actually falling into bed with someone#his preconceptions of romance from mostly fictional sources def color a lot of this too#& all of it is Wuah bc hes also such a massively helpless romantic & does regularly fall in love jus a lil bit with Everyone#if he's comfortable enough to fall into bed he's liable to fall into love & he'll never quite recover#ooc. oh mein gott this stage is full of kuntenserven.#study.
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ha
#this nigga never even took the time of day to comment or react to the shit i post like sable does. 5 seconds. takes 5 seconds#nor did he ever take any interest in ANY of our MULTIPLE shared blogs and things#never fucking added to any of it. never helped me maintain any of it. didnt even fucking draw with me half the time#this nigga was a BUM straight up#he was good at getting me material things but thats not even what mattered in the long run its just the simple shit#of showing that you care and showing that you wanna move forward in some way that isnt just in your head#i couldnt even ever be booed up anywhere with him because of how hostile theyd get to fucking everyone around them#just like with everyone else it was all about what *they* fucking wanted and what *they* fucking wanted to do#all the shit i like? the shit im interested in ? fuck it its stupid straight up#oh but its repulsive the way i wanted to seek out comfort and care somewhere else 😐 thats “emotional cheating”#bitch please be forreal for once in your life. and the fact this all went down like this while we were broken up is crazy.#like ur not my nigga. i can kiss up on whoever i want. if ur behavior keeps driving me away from you after we split... well#thats just not my problem btp#“what you did to that poor boy” bitch you better get outta here with that fukin nonsense that is a grown ass man first of all 😭😭#but go ahead and keep babying him since thats ur job now and not mine LMFAOOOO bet youll get tired of it real fast#this whole situation is just goofy
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i feel so down after coming back from the camp....
#i spent a week with almost 40 activists. almost all of them lgbtq+ (except one ally)#and it was sooo good for my head. like i've never realized how much pressure i feel when i'm with straight people#even when i'm outed to them#and that week was full of amazing workshops and debates#and even if we disagreed on something it was still. civil#and now i'm back to my party and i feel like i'm fighting for my life here 😕 why is everyone so fucking meannn what is the reason#just got attacked by a guy who's also a part of the community like brotherrr i am not your enemy. no need to be a fucking asshole#but i guess we're all competing against each other even if it's not election season#but still. come on now#i got a good grade in politics and it got some people mad#i'm starting to think i just love toxicity and hostile environments bc whyyy would i put myself out there#k.txt#if i disappear for some time it means i'm too busy to be on tumblr and it will be entirely my fault 💖
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"Because Richard (III) usurped the throne, his retinue is inevitably seen as inimical to the crown and therefore in an important sense independent of royal authority. In the context of Edward IV's reign, in which the retinue was created, neither assumption is true. The development of the retinue would have been impossible without royal backing and reflected, rather than negated, the king's authority. Within the north itself, Gloucester's connection subsumed that of the crown. Elsewhere, in East Anglia and in Wales, that focus for royal servants was provided by others, but Gloucester was still part of that royal connection, not remote from it. In the rest of England, as constable and admiral, he had contributed to the enforcement of royal authority. When he seized power in 1483 he did not do it from outside the prevailing political structure but from its heart."
-Rosemary Horrox, "Richard III: A Study of Service"
#richard iii#english history#my post#Richard was certainly very powerful in the north but to claim that he 'practically ruled' or was king in all but name is very misleading#his power/success/popularity were not detached from Edward IV's rule but a fundamental part/reflection/extension of Edward IV's rule#even more so that anyone else because he was Edward's own brother#there's also the 1475 clause to consider: Richard & Anne would hold their titles jointly and in descent only as long as George Neville#also had heirs. Otherwise Richard's title would revert to life interest. His power was certainly exceptional but his position wasn't as#absolute or indefinite as is often assumed. It WAS fundamentally tied to his brother's favor just like everyone else#and Richard was evidently aware of that (you could even argue that his actions in 1483 reflected his insecurity in that regard)#once again: when discussing Edward IV's reign & Richard III's subsequent usurpation it's really important to not fall prey to hindsight#for example: A.J Pollard's assumption that Edward IV had no choice but to helplessly give into his overbearing brothers' demands#and had to use all his strength to make Richard to heed to his command which fell apart after he died and Richard was unleashed#(which subsequently forms the basis of Pollard's criticism of Edward IV's reign & character along with his misinterpretation of the actions#of Edward IV's council & its main players after his death who were nowhere near as divided or hostile as Pollard assumes)#is laughably inaccurate. Edward IV was certainly indulgent and was more passive/encouraging where Richard (solely Richard) was concerned#but he was by no means unaware or insert. His backing was necessary to build up Richard's power and he was clearly involved & invested#evidenced by how he systematically depowered George of Clarence (which Clarence explicitly recognized) and empowered Richard#and in any case: to use Richard as an example to generalize assumptions of the power other magnates held during Edward IV's reign#- and to judge Edward's reign with that specific assumption in mind - is extremely misleading and objectively inaccurate#Richard's power was singular and exceptional and undoubtedly tied to the fact that he was Edward's own brother. It wasn't commonplace.#as Horrox says: apart from Richard the power enjoyed by noble associates under Edward IV was fairly analogous to the power enjoyed by#noble associates under Henry VII. and absolutely nobody claims that HE over-powered or was ruled by his nobles or subjects#the idea that Richard's usurpation was 'inevitable' and the direct result of Edward empowering him is laughable#contemporaries unanimously expected Edward V's peaceful succession. Why on earth would anyone - least of all Edward -#expect Richard to usurp his own nephew in a way that went far beyond the political norms of the time?#that was the key reason why the usurpation was possible at all#as David Horspool says: RICHARD was the 'overriding factor' of his own usurpation There's no need to minimize or outright deny his agency#as Charles Ross evidently did
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