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ellipsus-writes · 7 days ago

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Ellipsus Digest: March 18

Each week (or so), we'll highlight the relevant (and sometimes rage-inducing) news adjacent to writing and freedom of expression.

This week: AI continues its hostile takeover of creative labor, Spain takes a stand against digital sludge, and the usual suspects in the U.S. are hard at work memory-holing reality in ways both dystopian and deeply unserious.

ChatGPT firm reveals AI model that is “good at creative writing” (The Guardian)

... Those quotes are working hard.

OpenAI (ChatGPT) announced a new AI model trained to emulate creative writing—at least, according to founder Sam Altman: “This is the first time i have been really struck by something written by AI.” But with growing concerns over unethically scraped training data and the continued dilution of human voices, writers are asking… why?

Spoiler: the result is yet another model that mimics the aesthetics of creativity while replacing the act of creation with something that exists primarily to generate profit for OpenAI and its (many) partners—at the expense of authors whose work has been chewed up, swallowed, and regurgitated into Silicon Valley slop.

Spain to impose massive fines for not labeling AI-generated content (Reuters)

But while big tech continues to accelerate AI’s encroachment on creative industries, Spain (in stark contrast to the U.S.) has drawn a line: In an attempt to curb misinformation and protect human labor, all AI-generated content must be labeled, or companies will face massive fines. As the internet is flooded with AI-written text and AI-generated art, the bill could be the first of many attempts to curb the unchecked spread of slop.

Besos, España 💋

These words are disappearing in the new Trump administration (NYT)

Project 2025 is moving right along—alongside dismantling policies and purging government employees, the stage is set for a systemic erasure of language (and reality). Reports show that officials plan to wipe government websites of references to LGBTQ+, BIPOC, women, and other communities—words like minority, gender, Black, racism, victim, sexuality, climate crisis, discrimination, and women have been flagged, alongside resources for marginalized groups and DEI initiatives, for removal.

It’s a concentrated effort at creating an infrastructure where discrimination becomes easier… because the words to fight it no longer officially exist. (Federally funded educational institutions, research grants, and historical archives will continue to be affected—a broader, more insidious continuation of book bans, but at the level of national record-keeping, reflective of reality.) Doubleplusungood, indeed.

Pete Hegseth’s banned images of “Enola Gay” plane in DEI crackdown (The Daily Beast)

Fox News pundit-turned-Secretary of Defense-slash-perpetual-drunk-uncle Pete Hegseth has a new target: banning educational materials featuring the Enola Gay, the plane that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. His reasoning: that its inclusion in DEI programs constitutes "woke revisionism." If a nuke isn’t safe from censorship, what is?

The data hoarders resisting Trump’s purge (The New Yorker)

Things are a little shit, sure. But even in the ungoodest of times, there are people unwilling to go down without a fight.

Archivists, librarians, and internet people are bracing for the widespread censorship of government records and content. With the Trump admin aiming to erase documentation of progressive policies and minority protections, a decentralized network is working to preserve at-risk information in a galvanized push against erasure, refusing to let silence win.

Let us know if you find something other writers should know about, (or join our Discord and share it there!) Until next week, - The Ellipsus Team xo

#ellipsus #writeblr #writers on tumblr #writing #creative writing #u.s. politics #anti ai

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dragonnarrative-writes · 1 year ago

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Part 2 - Work Introductions

Autumn Embers Masterlist

CW: Mentions of child loss, mentions of medical neglect/abuse, mentions of reproductive abuse, mentions of pregnancy complications and death, mentions of racism, sexism (in an omegaverse way), Brandon (unfortunately living), real world references

Data entry and analysis isn’t the most exciting job in the world, no matter what kind of fancy title you’re given, but it pays the bills. Working on a military base isn’t ideal, but the benefits are nothing to sneeze at. And most days, you get to sit alone and uninterrupted, in your own office, instead of in a cramped cubicle.

On Tuesday, you’re startled out of your audiobook by a gentle knock on your desk. Sherry, your immediate superior, gives an awkward little wave and waits for you to finish your line and mute your music.

“Hey, I’m so sorry about this,” she says, as soon as your headphones are clear. “You remember those port reports from Honduras? Some of the senior analysts have some questions for you? They’re currently in a meeting and requested some clarification…?”

You wait, but she doesn’t say anything else. “…what do they want to know?”

“Oh, they didn’t tell me, I’m sorry,” Sherry says. “They asked if you could… Well, they need you to attend the meeting. Right now.”

“Do I even have the clearance for that kind of meeting?” You stand without waiting for an answer and disconnect your laptop from the dock. With it tucked under your arm, you grab a notebook and pen, as well as your water bottle.

Sherry leads the way out of the office. “I know you submitted these reports two weeks ago, and your notations are excellent. I think the problem is with one of the flagged ship manifests, but they wouldn’t clarify why they were concerned. Couldn’t get a word in edgewise.”

Her apologetic air suddenly makes sense. “Brandon’s in there, isn’t he?”

Sherry grimaces. “I’m so, so sorry. It’s him and a few alphas. There’s an American CIA agent as well.”

“So I absolutely don’t have the clearance for this meeting,” you sigh. “Great.”

A short elevator ride and two halls away, you take a fortifying breath before you step into an occupied meeting room. Brandon’s is the first face you see, and when he sees you the corners of his lips turn up in an infuriating smile. Next to him, another senior analyst’s eyebrows pop up, but Andrew actually looks happy to see you.

Before the door can close behind you, a blonde, American alpha stands and offers her hand in a no-nonsense shake. “Kate Laswell. We appreciate you being so prompt.”

“Of course,” you answer. Unfortunately, your attention is a little torn. All four members of the 141 are sitting at the table, looking at you curiously. Sergent MacTavish grins like a wolf. Captain Price tips his chin up just enough that you know he’s scenting you. Lieutenant Riley, face covered from the nose down in a black neck gaiter, gives you a quick once over that makes you want to shiver. But you’re a professional, so instead of fleeing you take the nearest seat, across from a smiling Sergent Garrick. You fold both of your hands on top of the table, the very picture of accommodating and helpful, “What can I assist you with?”

“Why’d you flag this shipping manifest,” Brandon asks. The projector at the front of the room switches to a document that would be barely legible, even without the distortion of zoom.

“You’re going to have to be more specific,” you tell him, flipping your laptop open. “What’s the file name?”

“Honduras,” Brandon says, Port Cortez.”

“Puerto Cortes,” you correct. And seeing as it’s the largest seaport in Central America, I’ve combed through literally hundreds of manifests, you think, but don’t say. “I’m going to have to ask you to be a bit more specific. The projector isn’t easy to read.”

“You flagged this manifest for a Korean ship.”

You jump when Sergent Garrick says, “Christ, mate, just give her the file name.”

Lieutenant Riley gives a cough that sounds suspiciously like a laugh. You think you see MacTavish still grinning at you out of the corner of your eye. Laswell rattles off the document name without looking.

As soon as the document loads, you know exactly why Brandon and Andrew are confused. And you know that the following conversation is going to be so unpleasant that you shoot off a quick email to take the rest of the day off once this meeting ends.

You take a deep breath, let it out slowly. “The manifest is inconsistent with previous patterns from that particular port and that particular captain and crew. As I noted, the four containers from Venusian Pharmaceuticals wouldn’t have made it on the ship do to political and economic pressures.”

Brandon doesn’t bother to look at you when he asks, “What pressures?”

Laswell interjects before you can answer, “Leaked internal communications provided evidence that Cloudstone Pharm was selling tampered heat suppressants and birth control in various black markets. The 4B movement in South Korea had been calling for an investigation for years by that point. A lot of omegas were killed because of mis-labeled medications. Pregnancy and birth related complications.”

“I remember that. It was, what, five, more years ago?” Lieutenant Riley asks. “Had an entire re-brand. Cloudstone to Venusian. Everything went from blues and whites to greens and yellows.”

“Okay, so the containers had a bit of extra security to get onto the ship,” Brandon says, before you can get over the shock of two alphas in a room who know anything about even the broad strokes of omega health care. “There’s protesters at every major port for one thing or another.”

“Even if they’d gotten on the ship, they wouldn’t have made it to Puerto Cortes,” you counter. “The captain lost two of his kids because of their medications. He’s had his crew dump the containers and alter manifests before. He was investigated for it, but his crew wouldn’t speak against him.”

Brandon frowns. “How do we know he didn’t get paid off?”

How do we know the omegas weren’t worth less than a cash payment? Your throat feels like closing in on itself. You keep your voice as steady as you can. “He wouldn’t have been.”

“How do you know?”

Andrew, eyes darting between you and Brandon, tries to interrupt. “Well-”

“Because he made the autopsy reports for both of his sons public,” you answer. You have to force your jaw to unclench. “Along with pictures and videos of how sick they were before they passed, before anyone knew what was really wrong with them. And the executives of Cloudstone, an American company, laughed. Called them slurs and ignorant animals in emails and meeting memos that were later leaked to the public.”

Across from you, Garrick is not smiling anymore. “That’s… disgusting.”

“Cloudstone struggled to recover in eastern Asian markets, even with the re-brand,” you continue, then take a deep breath and let it out slowly. “And all of this was in my report.”

“Your job isn’t to provide those kinds of references. You’re not trained for it. There were a couple of links to articles,” Brandon dismisses. “Not enough to-”

“One of his sons experienced total organ failure,” you interrupt, closing your laptop. You know your scent must be all over the place, but the subject matter was already touchy. Now he’s questioning your work and misrepresenting your job duties? Oh, fuck him. “Because he was on incorrectly administered fertility treatments that were disguised as birth control, he had a high-risk pregnancy with multiples. And then his medications were switched with heat inducers. His other son had rapid onset neuropathy and multiple strokes within a week. Neither of his sons wanted to have children. One of them couldn’t, biologically, because it would have killed him anyways. And their partners decided that they didn’t care.”

Brandon wrinkles his nose at you. “No need to get so worked up.”

You practically feel the way your scent goes hot and acrid. Where most omegas have a distress scent that is sickly sweet, yours is much closer to an alpha’s shock scent. Your parents used to call you “Wildfire” because of it. You watch the hairs on Garrik’s arms stand up.

You can barely smell Andrew’s nervous distress over your rage. “Okay, yeah, that’s plenty. The captain wouldn’t have taken the containers.”

“Is there a reason you didn’t consult the references I added into the report?” You know the sudden calm in your voice, the relaxing of your posture, is at odds with the way your anger scent gets stronger. You’ve been told it’s a sensory nightmare, so you only do it when someone tells you you’re not calm enough. You fold your hands on the table again. “Because I included original and translated sources, according to the standards of the department.”

The room is silent. All seven alphas are agitated. You can only pick out MacTavish’s scent, muddled and frustrated. Andrew opens his mouth, closes it. Finally says, “I didn’t receive the references.”

“Senior analyst Lawrence received the full report directly,” you say, holding eye contact with Brandon. “But I know how emails can get lost. I would be happy to send them again. I’ll CC you, and request that your access to the full drive be confirmed. Sir. Is there anything else I can assist the team with?”

Laswell scrawls something on a sticky note and passes it over to you. “Please also include me on those emails.”

You give her your most demure smile. “Unfortunately, Agent Laswell, I don’t have the clearance to send reports outside of the department. I would be happy to help you coordinate that with senior analysts Lawrence and Bennett.”

You pluck the sticky note from her hand, stand, and gather up your laptop, notebook, and water bottle. When you have everything, you pass behind her to where Brandon and Andrew are sitting. Deliberately putting yourself at Brandon’s back, you hand the note to Andrew with a placid smile. “Agent Laswell requests that you provide her with the full report.”

Brandon smells disconcerted, trapped in his seat with your scent roaring as you stand just inside of his blind spot. Andrew, for his part, only hesitates for a moment before taking the offered sticky note, looking from you to Laswell to Brandon and back. “Thank you.”

“Of course, sir.” Butter wouldn’t melt in your mouth. “Is there anything else I can assist you with?”

“I… believe that will be all…?”

“Of course, sir. Thank you, sir.” You cement your little performance with a perfectly deferential partial curtsy to Andrew, then to the rest of the room. “Please do not hesitate to let me know if there’s anything else I can do the support the team.”

As the door shuts behind you, you hear Captain Price’s voice for the first time. “Goddamn. That is a woman capable of murder.”

#dragonnarrativewrites fanfiction #poly 141 #omegaverse #autumn embers verse #there's some meta to come #just a heads up

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scotianostra · 4 months ago

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Happy St Andrews Day.

As part of our Patron Saint’s Feast Day the Scottish Saltire is proudly flown and many people add it to their posts on social media to celebrate the day, but how did Scotland adopt the saltire?

There is no actual date, or in fact nothing in our written history of the time, but legend has it that in AD 832 the king of the Picts, ‘Aengus MacFergus’, ( Anglified to Angus but some stories say Hungus) with the support of ‘Scots’ from Dalriada, won a great battle against King Athelstane of the Northumbrians. The site of the legendary battle became known as Athelstaneford in present-day East Lothian.

St Andrew visited the Pictish leader in a dream before the battle and told him that victory would be won. When the battle itself was raging, a miraculous vision of the St Andrew’s Cross was seen shining in the sky, giving a boost to the morale and fighting spirit of his warriors. The result was a victory over the Saxons, and the death of Athelstan. Thus, after this victory, according to the tradition, the Saltire or St Andrew’s Cross became the flag of Scotland, and St Andrew the national patron saint.

While there is no written reference to the battle in Scotland from the period it was said to have taken place, this is not surprising, as it was a time for which we have little or no documentation for anything. The earliest written mention of the Battle of Athelstaneford in Scottish history comes from years later in the newspapers of the day, if you follow my posts then you know I dip into these “Chronicles from time to time, the first one to mention Athelstaneford is the Scotichronicon, written by the Scottish historian Walter Bower.

The Scotichronicon has been described by some Scottish historians as a valuable source of historical information, especially for the times that were recent to him or within his own memory. But he also wrote about earlier times, and this included the battle at Athelstaneford.

Bower’s account includes the scene where Aengus MacFergus is visited by St Andrew in a dream before the battle. He was told that the cross of Christ would be carried before him by an angel, there was no mention of a St Andrew’s Cross in the sky in this version. It was in later accounts, from the 16th centuries onwards, that we have the description of an image of St Andrew’s Cross shining in the sky.

Bower was writing in the early 1400s. The bitter and bloody struggle to retain Scotland’s independence was not just a recent memory but also a current reality for him. Parts of Scotland were still occupied by England, and Bower had been involved in raising the money to release Scotland’s king, James I, from English captivity.

Also, Scotland’s early historical records and documents had been deliberately destroyed during the invasion by the English king Edward I. This was done in part as an attempt to remove historical evidence that Scotland had been an independent kingdom. The idea was simple: take away a nation’s history and you strip it of its identity and justification for its independent existence. The theft of the Stone of Destiny was part of this process, the Black Rood which was believed to contain a piece of the Cross Jesus was crucified on was also removed, I have covered both these in previous posts.

Part of Bower’s motivation in writing his Scotichronicon was to help restore this stolen history. He was a scholar and a man of the church. In his time, the figure of St Andrew had become a prominent presence in Scottish society.

The greatest church building in the land during his time was the Cathedral of St Andrew, which housed relics of St Andrew himself. It had taken over a hundred years to build and wasn’t formally consecrated until 1318, just four years after Bannockburn. The ceremony of course included Robert the Bruce and at it thanks was given to St Andrew for Scotland’s victory.

Less than 100 years after this, in 1413, the University of St Andrews was established and Walter Bower was one of its first students. By this time, the Cathedral of St Andrew was a place of pilgrimage, with thousands travelling there to venerate the saint’s relics. A pilgrimage route from the south took in the shrine of Our Lady at Whitekirk, not far from the site of the battle, and many pilgrims took a ferry across the Firth from North Berwick, where the ruins and remains of the old St Andrew’s Kirk can still be seen close to the Scottish Seabird Centre.

So as he sat down to write his history of earlier times, he was able to trace this connection to St Andrew, using the limited earlier written accounts, such as those of earlier Chronicler I’ve mentioned before, John Fordun, who lived in the 1300s. While Fordun doesn’t specifically mention the location of Athelstaneford, he records a battle which took place between the Picts led by Aengus and a force from the south led by Athelstan, and said the location of the battle was about two miles from Haddington. The account of St Andrew appearing in a dream to Aengus is also described by Fordun.

This creates a powerful link to the development of the written version of the story. Let’s remember Bower came from what is now East Lothian. Let us also remember that people in the early centuries stored and passed on much of their historical knowledge not in the written word but in memory and handed down oral traditions. People told stories, remembered them and told them to the next generation. Undeniably, some details would be forgotten or changed over time, but the bones of the story would be handed down. And that would include reference to locations of significant events in the local landscape.

Bower will have had access to this rich oral tradition of local stories based on handed-down collective memories of past events, which is perhaps why he was able to name the location. The later writers who added to the story of the battle will likewise have found new sources in the oral tradition to add to the narrative. Even in the 19th century, cartographers mapping the area were able to identify locations traditionally associated with the battle from local people who were custodians of ancestral memory.

This is how the story of the Battle of Athelstaneford and its connection with St Andrew and the Saltire has evolved.

The village is home to the National Flag Heritage Centre which occupies a lectern doocot built in 1583 and rebuilt in 1996. It is at the back of the village church. Today the village is surrounded by farmland and has little in the way of amenities. Tourists can follow the “Saltire Trail”, a road route which passes by various local landmarks and places of historical interest.

Athelstaneford Parish Kirk has a connection with the subject of my post last week, author Nigel Tranter, who was a prominent supporter of the Scottish Flag Trust. He married in the church, and in April 2008 a permanent exhibition of his memorabilia was mounted in the north transept of the church. Items include a copy of Nigel Tranter’s old typewriter, a collection of manuscripts and books, and other personal items. The display was previously at Lennoxlove House, and prior to that at Abbotsford House, the home of Sir Walter Scott.

#scotland #scottish #history #patron saint

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fuckyeahmarxismleninism · 4 months ago

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Resistance News Network:

The armed terrorists of the Syrian opposition "Hayat Tahrir Al-Sham" continue their media campaign to present their formerly ISIS- and Al-Qaeda-affiliated selves as reformed and "open to change," which the western media parrots without question.

HTS leader Abu Mohammed Al-Julani is now presented as giving up his head-slicing ways under a black flag in favor of a tailored olive military outfit, palatable to the west. Remarkably, Al-Julani, despite being among the world's most abominable terrorists, was freely given an interview in CNN today, where his "changed" views were platformed, glossing over his history as an ISIS leader in Iraq and Syria.

Al-Julani, in a message to Iraq a few days ago, manipulated language to serve the Western agenda, speaking about "Iran's wars against the region," referring to the Gaza genocide and "israel's" war on Lebanon, without naming the executor at all. This is a calculated rhetoric that aligns fully with the agenda of his Western and zionist backers which seek to fracture the resistance in the region.

In an interview with zionist media today, an FSA officer openly admitted that their only enemies are the Syrian state, Hezbollah, and Iran - not the settler-colonial and expansionist tumor in the region called "israel." Far from even pretending to condemn the occupation, he expressed willingness to be friendly with the genocidal entity, mirroring what was told to zionist analyst Mordechai Kadar, that opposition groups want increased support and weapons from "israel."

He added that they are "thankful to 'israel' for strikes against Hezbollah." This is no surprise, as opposition groups have repeatedly been documented expressing thanks to Netanyahu and celebrating assassinations of resistance figures, even through Al-Aqsa Flood. As quoted, the opposition's sole goal is overthrowing the Syrian state; they seek to normalize with "israel" and even requested "'israeli' and American aid for reconstruction," which would only make Syria more dependent (Note: the Syrian state owes $0 to the World Bank today).

The Syrian opposition has deceived the West, as well as some Arabs, that they are virtuous humanitarians fighting for the Syrian people. In reality, they are pawns in the destabilization the region, aiming to break the link of resistance, and serve "israel" with their actions. By Al-Julani's own admission, over 30% of their ranks consist of foreign mercenaries, far from the "grassroots" movement they aim to represent, while their operations are shaped and funded by Turkey and the West.

Despite the sanitized picture they try to sell the western media today, horrific stories of executions, robberies, siege have emerged from towns that have been taken over in the last week. Despite the attempt at covering up these stories, their true colors shine through by their actions, as well the occasional ISIS patches they forget to hide on their uniforms.

While the resistance in Gaza, Lebanon, Iraq, and Yemen defends the region from Western hegemony and tyranny, the Syrian opposition has not lifted a finger. Their Western-trained drones, operated by Ukrainian instructors, have never targeted the zionist entity—they have only targeted Syrians. For months, they have schemed to destabilize the region and undermine the gains of the resistance. With the blessing of their masters and Western cover and support, they are working to sow chaos, diminish the resistance's momentum, and serve their foreign interests.

https://t.me/PalestineResist/71175?single

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beardedmrbean · 3 months ago

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While other factions still control significant parts of Syria – including the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army (SNA), HTS’s ally in the latest offensive, and the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) – HTS has achieved a stunningly rapid military victory. In just ten days, the Islamist group toppled the Assad regime and seized control of most of Syria’s major cities.

This sudden consolidation of power has sparked widespread alarm, particularly among Syria’s minority communities. The country’s mosaic of ethnic and religious groups – including Shia Alawites, Christians, and Kurds – now finds itself under the rule of a group with a deeply controversial history. HTS, which remains on the terror lists of the United States and the European Union, has also provided shelter to international jihadists from Afghanistan, Chechnya, and France. For many minorities, the notion of such a group ruling from Damascus evokes fear and uncertainty about what lies ahead.

Since its creation in 2017, HTS has attempted to rebrand itself as a more moderate force, demonstrating a degree of tolerance towards certain minorities, particularly Christians, in the areas it controls, compared with the al Qaeda-linked group it emerged from. Since assuming power in Damascus and much of Syria this month, the group has generally shown restraint in its treatment of Christian and Shiite Alawite monuments and communities.

In official announcements and meetings with local minority leaders, HTS has repeatedly pledged to safeguard the safety of Christians and Alawites. Jolani told CNN on December 5: “These sects have coexisted in this region for hundreds of years, and no one has the right to eliminate them.”

But reports and videos on Syrian social media show that reprisal killings have begun, casting doubt on HTS’s promises of protection. Members of the Alawite community appear to be the primary target. Despite representing only 10 percent of Syria’s population, Alawites dominated the country’s power structures for more than four decades under the Assad regime. Their close ties to Iran’s Shia regime – an unwavering backer of Bashar al-Assad – have further entrenched their vulnerability under HTS rule.

Video shows execution of suspected regime 'Shabiha'

On December 10 a video emerged on Telegram documenting the execution of four men by HTS fighters. The video opens with two bodies visible, one man on his back, another man face down with his hands apparently bound. A voice is heard saying: “There they are, Shabiha pigs,” a reference to the Shabiha, pro-regime militias known for beating and killing political opponents of the Assad clan. Two men are visible on their knees. As one of the fighters asks their name, others are heard calling them “Nusayriyah”, an anti-Alawite slur, and “Allahu akbar.” Two of the fighters, one wearing the black Seal of Muhammad flag popular among Islamist groups, then open fire and kill the two men with bursts from their Kalashnikovs, as a third says: “Two pigs killed in the village of Rabia.” (There are at least two villages in Syria called Rabia, one in Latakia governorate, the other in Hama governorate. There were conflicting reports about which village was the site of the killing.)

FRANCE 24’s specialist on Islamist groups, Wassim Nasr, said the video was the first documented case of a summary execution by HTS fighters since the offensive began on November 27.

Other videos appearing to show reprisal attacks against suspected regime collaborators have also emerged. Two videos filmed in Idlib and posted on December 10 show a body being dragged behind a car as a crowd applauds. The caption includes an apparent plea to the HTS leadership: “We demand the establishment of a state with a justice system. Shabiha thugs should be punished by the rule of law, not by actions like this. There is no difference between you and the Assad regime.”

Videos like this are adding to the fears of Syrian citizens about their future under HTS. The FRANCE 24 Observers team spoke to Syrians from the Alawite, Sunni and Christian communities.

#nunyas news

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cobrastrikes421 · 9 months ago

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LGBTQ art

Bisexual fact:

Overall, 4% of U.S. adults say they identify as bisexual, according to an August 2023 survey by the Center. Younger adults are more likely than older Americans to describe themselves as bisexual. the term bisexual was used in Dutch for the first time in 1877, to refer to a hermaphrodite who had their sexual career as both a heterosexual woman and a heterosexual man. Later, the term bisexuality is used to represent both the double sexual-object choice and androgyny.

Aromantic fact:

Aromantic people can also form non-romantic relationships of all types, as well as being able to enjoy sexual relationships. They may also choose to have children, and studies indicate that aromantic individuals are no less likely to have children than alloromantic individuals. One of the earliest uses of the modern term "aromantic" dates back to 2005. The early online community around aromanticism formed on the Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN), an online community around asexuality, and social media platforms such as tumblr.

Progress fact:

a reinterpretation of multiple iterations of the pride flag. The original 'rainbow flag' was created by Gilbert Baker in 1978 to celebrate members of the gay and lesbian political movement. It comprised eight coloured stripes stacked on top of each other to evoke a rainbow, a symbol of hope. Daniel Quasar (xe/xyr pronouns) is the creator of the Progress Pride flag, a combination of the original Pride flag by Gilbert Baker, the Trans Pride flag by Monica Helms in 1999, the More Color, More Pride flag introduced by Amber Hikes in 2017, and a black stripe from the Victory Over AIDS flag, inspired by Sergeant Leonard Matlovich, to represent those lost during the AIDS crisis. This flag design “forces the viewer to confront

Aro/ace fact:

Aromantic asexual people are colloquially known as "aro-ace" or "aroace". Aromantic individuals are also able to experience platonic love and may have committed friendships, and some form intimate non-romantic partnerships called "queerplatonic relationships". the early 2000s as a way for individuals to explore and understand their experiences of limited or absent sexual and romantic attractions.

Agender fact:

agender" was actually on the Internet! It was born in the year 2000, on an Internet forum called UseNet. In a chat room discussion entitled alt. messianic, a user posted the following: “God is amorphous, agender, so image can't be a physical or gender or sexual thing.” Agender is a term used by individuals who do not identify with any specific gender or who experience a lack of gender altogether. Agender people have a sense that their gender identity is completely neutral, or does not exist at all. They may use words like "genderless" and "gender free" to describe themselves.

Trigender fact:

In Ancient Greece, Phrygia, and the Roman Republic and Empire, Cybele and Attis were worshiped by galli priests (documented from around 200 BCE to around 300 CE) who wore feminine clothes, referred to themselves as women, and often castrated themselves, and have therefore been seen as early transgender figures. The exact origin of the term "trigender" is unknown, but it has been mentioned as early as 1998. The prefix tri- means three, so "trigender" literally means "three gender".

Gay fact:

2400 BCE, are speculated to have been gay based on a representation of them embracing nose-to-nose in their shared tomb, though critics say that they were likely brothers. In 1978 Harvey Milk became the first openly gay man elected to public office in the United States, and the first openly gay or lesbian person to be elected to public office in California, when he won a seat on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. "The green (Community) and teal (Joy) in the flag represent Nature. I thought this was important because love between men is often seen as “unnatural” in the eyes of society and in religion. Furthermore, gay men have historically used green flowers and plants (Carnations, hyacinths, etc.) to symbolize our love, reinforcing our connection with Nature. The white stripe is adopted from the Trans Pride flag because trans, nb, and GNC men are often erased or talked over and need explicit representation.

Pansexual fact:

the hybrid words pansexual and pansexualism were first attested in 1914 (spelled pan-sexualism), coined by opponents of Sigmund Freud to denote the idea "that the sex instinct plays the primary part in all human activity, mental and physical". created to differentiate between the bisexuality flag, which also has three horizontal bars. It was created on the internet sometime around 2010, and has gained popularity since then. The Pansexual symbol combines the male, female, and transgender symbols into one, new, P-shaped symbol representing pansexuality.

Demigirl fact:

The earliest demigirl flag was created on April 15th, 2014 by Tumblr user kyriefortune. The second demigirl flag was created on August 24th, 2015 by pride-flags based on Willow's demiguy flag. Another flag was posted on the same day by pride-flags also based on Willow's demiguy flag. A gender identity term for someone who was assigned female at birth but does not fully identify with being a woman, socially or mentally. transgender pride-flag, retaining the central white & pink stripes representing enbies & women, but with 4 added horizontal stripes of different shades of grey to signify a disconnect and/or uncertainty associated with this gender-identity.

Hope you all had a great pride month. Can’t wait to do more of them.

What pride art should I do next year?

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alghulras · 1 month ago

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𝐃𝐄𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐄𝐗𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒

NOTICE: This document is classified under Level Gamma Protocols and has been flagged for unauthorised access attempts. Multiple inconsistencies detected. Proceed with caution.

[ACCESSING FILE...]

[SECURITY CLEARANCE REQUIRED: LEVEL ███]

[AUTHORIZATION GRANTED]

–BEGIN DOSSIER–

SUBJECT: VERIFIED BUSINESS ENTITY

Legal Identity: Rahil Head

Aliases & Business Titles:

Rahil Head (Commonly Listed)

Mr Head (Informal Reference in Business Circles)

Nationality: Unconfirmed—Records Indicate Middle Eastern Heritage

Date of Birth: Unlisted—Estimated Between 1950-40 (Discrepancies in Documentation)

Place of Birth: Unknown—Conflicting Reports

Last Known Location: Believed to Operate in Private Estates Across the Middle East and Northern Africa

Status: ACTIVE—CIVILIAN BUSINESS ENTITY

Known Affiliations:

Founder of a Privately-Owned Conglomerate Specialising in Energy, Infrastructure, and High-End Real Estate Developments—Limited Public Record of Transactions

Significant, Though Indirect, Investments in European and Middle Eastern Technological Firms

Rumored to Have Private Ties to Historical Societies and Cultural Preservation Groups

Silent Partner in Multiple Gulf-Based Enterprises

No Known Criminal Affiliations

DESCRIPTION:

Height: Approx. 195 cm

Build: Lean, Well-Kept

Eye Color: Dark Brown

Hair Color: Black with Flecks of Gray—Varied Reports on Aging Process

BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT:

Maintains an Unremarkable Public Profile—Avoids Major Media Presence

Highly Reserved in Business Dealings—Prefers Private, Invitation-Only Negotiations

Has No Apparent Reliance on Digital Technology; Prefers Handwritten Correspondence and Direct Verbal Negotiations

No Public Record of Political Statements or Controversial Affiliations

RELEVANT INTEL

No official photographic records prior to 1995—older Images of ‘Rahil Head’’ do not seem to exist.

There is an absence of personal history—no medical records, no known educational background, and no confirmed lineage. Attempts to identify close relatives have resulted in inconclusive data, with one exception: a confirmed daughter, Talia Head, frequently seen alongside her father, and mother, Ruhayla Head, a renowned socialite and industrialist who serves as the public face of █████ █████.

Financial transactions indicate activity in multiple locations across the globe within impossibly short timeframes.

Facial recognition software has flagged similarities between Mr. Head and multiple historical figures in archived photographs dating back to the 19th century—though results remain inconclusive due to image degradation.

█████ █████ █████ operates a traditional corporate structure, including a board of directors and executive staff. However, all strategic decisions are deferred to Mr. Head himself, with no record of shareholder meetings or public disclosures.

The company has a history of acquiring failing businesses and revitalising them without clear external financing. Sources suggest private investors, but no names have been disclosed.

Despite operating within legal frameworks, █████ █████ █████ has repeatedly rerouted funds through offshore accounts with minimal transparency. Regulatory bodies have flagged these activities but have not pursued further investigation.

Personal financial records for Mr. Head are limited. No known assets are registered in his name, yet he maintains access to multiple high-value properties across the globe. Some of his offshore accounts tie back to defunct 19th-century banking institutions.

Maintains no official government position, but holds connections to politicians, monarchs, and military officials across the Middle East, Europe, Africa, and other parts of Asia.

Suspected of influencing regional conflicts by subtly shifting investments to favour or destabilise specific economic sectors.

Regularly attends closed-door economic forums and high-level diplomatic meetings under the pretence of trade discussions.

His company has facilitated infrastructure projects in several developing nations, indicating some level of control in national policies.

Multiple historical estates and excavation sites acquired by █████ █████ █████ correspond to locations with rumored ties to the League of Assassins.

A monastery in Tibet, recently purchased under a shell corporation, has been linked to ancient alchemical research. Records of its acquisition were mysteriously wiped from local government databases.

Personal security team composed of former special forces operatives, many of whom have no recorded military discharge papers.

Domestic staff at private residences reportedly rotate every six months, with each new team having no knowledge of their predecessors.

THREAT ASSESSMENT:

RISK CLASSIFICATION: NEGLIGIBLE—NO VERIFIED CRIMINAL OR PARAMILITARY TIES

SUBJECT DESIGNATED AS LOW PRIORITY MONITORING

[WARNING: FILE CROSS-REFERENCED WITH ARCHIVED CASE ██-█████—INCONSISTENCIES NOTED]

ADDITIONAL NOTES

[SECURITY RESTRICTIONS DETECTED]

One anonymous source claimed Mr. Head never seems to age, but this statement was retracted, and the individual declined further interviews.

Official documents confirm a "Rahil Head" attended an exclusive financial summit in Zurich in 1991. A separate report indicates the same name appearing on a guest list for a 1973 archaeological conference in Istanbul—no photographic evidence exists from either event.

Despite no formal ties to political entities, Mr. Head appears to have access to exclusive diplomatic channels. Private jets linked to his company have landed in highly restricted airspaces without official clearance, yet no record of violation exists.

A classified intelligence document from 1977 references an individual with a near-identical description to Head, listed as a “non-hostile asset with unknown longevity.” Document has since been removed from official archives.

A confidential source in Dubai stated that "Rahil Head" does not attend public events, yet holds significant influence in elite circles. Attempts to trace his business dealings often lead to dead ends.

A low-resolution image from 2004 depicts Mr. Head at a private gala in Morocco. Upon further analysis, facial structure appears nearly identical to an individual in a 1982 diplomatic event in Istanbul—discrepancies in aging patterns remain unexplained.

A handwritten letter dated 1899 was recovered from a private estate auction. The signature—nearly identical to that of Mr. Head—was dismissed as a coincidence, though forensic analysis remains inconclusive.

[...FURTHER RECORDS RESTRICTED…]

THREAT ASSESSMENT REVISION

CLASSIFICATION: LOW TO MODERATE RISK

NOTE: UNRESOLVED ANOMALIES FLAGGED FOR FUTURE REVIEW

[...DATA RETRIEVAL INTERFERENCE DETECTED…]

Recommendation: Maintain passive surveillance. Direct investigation not advised.

[...DATA FRAGMENT ENDS…]

[CONNECTION LOST—SECURITY LOCKOUT INITIATED]

[DATA ACCESS REVOKED—FURTHER ATTEMPTS FLAGGED FOR REVIEW]

[LOGGING OUT...]

[SESSION TERMINATED]

–END DOSSIER–

#the demon's head #the league's decree #ra's al ghul #ra's al ghul rp #dc rp blog #dc rp #dc universe #ooc: part two of three #he has a civilian identity now !!

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vague-humanoid · 2 years ago

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The arrested officers include a K-9 handler named Morteza Amiri, who is accused of inducing his Belgian Malinois, Purcy, to bite 28 suspects over three years, and Eric Rombough, a member of Antioch’s SWAT team and Gang Unit, who allegedly shot eleven suspects in one year with a “less lethal” launcher. The launcher is a shotgun-like device that fires 40mm impact rounds, about an inch-and-half in diameter — designed to bludgeon and bruise, rather than kill. According to the indictment, Rombough blasted suspects from close range, often hitting “potentially lethal” areas of their bodies. The alleged conspiracy includes a third cop, Devon Wenger, who, according to the charging document, cheered on Amiri as “my hero,” and also used a 40mm launcher to shoot a suspect in the chest who’d raised his hands in surrender.

The indictment paints both Amiri and Rombough as twisted: they allegedly collected “trophies” to memorialize their uses of “excessive force.” Amiri bragged he took “gory pics” of each K-9 bite for his “personal” collection, while Rombough allegedly collected his “spent 40mm munitions” for an art project: a hand-crafted American flag collage. (According to the indictment, “the munitions were used among the stars and stripes to commemorate” his shootings.)

These cops were remorseless about their bad actions, according to the indictment; Rombough even bragged about his unconstitutional actions, as in this text exchange:

Unidentified officer: What’re you guys up to? Rombough: Violating civil rights

Officers Amiri and Rombough also sent texts indicating racial animus, repeatedly referring to city residents as “gorillas”; Rombough texted of another suspect: “I seriously want to beat his black ass.”

The alleged sadism of Amiri, the K-9 handler, is presented in excruciating detail across the indictment, which reproduces texts to his fellow officers gleefully recounting his violent exploits — e.g. “that shit is fun” — and includes snapshots he sent of the wounds left by Purcy’s bites. He’d send such messages from his personal phone, along with the numeric tally of how many times he’d used the dog to attack someone. For example: “#4 on fire rn.. Lol.” (According to the indictment, the bite count rose above two dozen before Amiri was removed from the Canine Unit in 2022.)

@chrisdornerfanclub

#state violence #antiblackness #police abuse

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best-non-english-word-torunament · 2 years ago

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hey, im not much of a linguistics person, just wondering what is the flag in your header? what do the symbols on it represent? :0

I'm assuming you're referring to this map in my header:

It's an interactive map from glottolog called GlottoScope that can be found here. It shows one dot for each language, as well as endangerment status and documentation status. The full symbol explanation can be found there, but in general the colour shows endangerment (green is not endangered, red is nearly extinct and black is extinct) and the shapes how extensive the best description of the language is: circles are long grammars (350 pages+, captures almost every aspect of the grammar), squares are grammars or grammar sketches (less extensive but at least 50 pages) and triangles are things like description of a single feature, a collection of text, a description of the sounds used, a dictionary or a wordlist (couple of hundred words max). Go there and play around with it! You can zoom in and see language names for all of them.

#questions and answers #linguistics fun fact time!

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whatdoiknowjr · 5 months ago

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Grasping Power: Playing with Spellcasting Assumptions

I know, I just posted these this morning, but I wanted to make sure I stored the information somewhere more permanent than social media, and expand some thoughts. Let me know what you think. #5eSRD

I’m pulling together some thoughts I was moved to post on social media regarding the standard D&D spellcasting classes. I don’t know if any of this is incredibly profound, but I’ve also learned that I can’t trust social media as a storage format for my thoughts, so here’s hoping you don’t mind me sharing. Over the years, I’ve posted many articles about the philosophical differences between…

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kushblazer666 · 11 months ago

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Love them ISIS Terrorist group is created by Israel(Mossad) linked to Al-Qaeda that is made by the CIA and America is controlled by Israel. Discreetly expanding and profiteering by means of War, Deception(False Flag Operations), Diversion(Media Manipulation) & Usury(Federal Reserve).

Government funded terrorist groups such as ISIS, Al-Qaeda, Abu Sayyaf, Hamas, Hezbollah and Boko Haram, serve as an ever-present manufactured terrorist threat created for False Flag Operations to prevent peace, used constantly to justify repressive measures(Occupation), political agenda or ethnic cleansing at home and in expanded objectives abroad.

ISIS - ISRAELI SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE (fake & impostor Black Flag, attacking and killing for the expansion of Israel and America's war profiteering in the Middle East)

HAMAS - 1% Mossad Case Officer, 30% Israel Defence Forces, 20% Foreign Mercenaries & 49% Palestinian Recruits, 100% Made by Israel (Occupation Of Gaza and its Offshore Gas Fields)

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=394582034027313&set=a.106178499534336.15523.100004265593324&type=1

EDWARD SNOWDEN (Intelligence Contractor)

The only solution for the protection of the Jewish(Zionist) state, is to create an enemy near its borders. Intelligence services(CIA, MI6, Mossad) of three countries created a terrorist organisation(ISIS) that is able to attract all extremists of the world to one place, using a strategy called “the hornet’s nest”. NSA documents refer to recent implementation of the hornet’s nest to protect the Zionist entity by creating religious and Islamic slogans.

http://www.globalresearch.ca/isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-trained-by-israeli-mossad-nsa-documents-reveal/5391593

DR.BILAL PHILIPS (Canadian Muslim Teacher)

I have consistently informed them that ISIS is an un-Islamic group of thugs who have exploited the need of Muslims of Iraq and Syria and sabotaged the legitimate struggle against the Assad regime by attacking other Islamic groups and falsely claiming the revival of the caliphate.

ISLAM IS AGAINST TERRORISM/SUICIDE

QURAN 4:29

O you who have believed, do not consume one another's wealth unjustly but only in lawful business by mutual consent. And do not kill yourselves or one another. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.

QURAN 2:190

And fight in the Way of Allah those who fight you, but transgress not the limits. Truly, Allah likes not the transgressors.

QURAN 60:8

Allah does not forbid you to deal justly and kindly with those who fought not against you on account of religion and did not drive you out of your homes. Verily, Allah loves those who deal with equity.

True Muslims do not cooperate in terrorism, get involved in politics or acts of oppression. They dont give negative image to Islam, kill innocent civilians, cover their faces and act like bandits. True Muslims strive in a positive way and struggle in peaceful manner.

https://www.facebook.com/rajah.soliman.92/media_set?set=a.106178499534336.15523.100004265593324&type=3my like has gone on the wrong post

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scotianostra · 1 year ago

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Happy St Andrews Day.

As part of our Patron Saint’s Feast Day the Scottish Saltire is proudly flown and many people add it to their posts on social media to celebrate the day, but how did Scotland adopt the saltire?

There is no actual date, or in fact nothing in our written history of the time, but legend has it that in AD 832 the king of the Picts, ‘Aengus MacFergus’, ( Anglified to Angus but some stories say Hungus) with the support of 'Scots’ from Dalriada, won a great battle against King Athelstane of the Northumbrians. The site of the legendary battle became known as Athelstaneford in present-day East Lothian.

This is how the story of the Battle of Athelstaneford and its connection with St Andrew and the Saltire has evolved.

The village is home to the National Flag Heritage Centre which occupies a lectern doocot built in 1583 and rebuilt in 1996. It is at the back of the village church. Today the village is surrounded by farmland and has little in the way of amenities. Tourists can follow the "Saltire Trail", a road route which passes by various local landmarks and places of historical interest.

Athelstaneford Parish Kirk has a connection with the subject of my post last week, author Nigel Tranter, who was a prominent supporter of the Scottish Flag Trust. He married in the church, and in April 2008 a permanent exhibition of his memorabilia was mounted in the north transept of the church. Items include a copy of Nigel Tranter's old typewriter, a collection of manuscripts and books, and other personal items. The display was previously at Lennoxlove House, and prior to that at Abbotsford House, the home of Sir Walter Scott.

#scotland #scottish #history #Picts #Pictland #sr andrew #legend #Patron saints day #religious figure

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bllsbailey · 25 days ago

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More Trans Terror? Texas Police Thwart 'Mass Casualty' Plot

An apparent "transgender"-identifying homeless man allegedly plotted to carry out a "mass casualty" attack on police in Texas, targeting white officers specifically, similar to the 2016 shooting that a black extremist perpetrated against Dallas police.

According to a Corpus Christi Police Department (CCPD) press release, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)'s local field office was tipped off about 21-year-old Seth Gregori a.k.a. "Andrea" Lozano making terroristic threats against CCPD personnel, white officers in particular.

Authorities have heard that Gregori identifies as "transgender," Townhall can confirm. "Transgender is what we're hearing," Townhall was told.

A local law enforcement source told The Daily Caller that Gregori is "transitioning" between genders. Based on information that the CCPD received from the FBI, "it's our understanding that [Gregori is] transitioning," a CCPD officer said.

At a Tuesday press conference, CCPD assistant chief Todd Green told reporters:

"The name we have on the arrest warrant is Andrea Lozano Gregori, but he also goes by Seth, that was his, I guess, given name, birth name. I can't tell you for sure whether he has transitioned, but he is in the process—he identifies as a woman. How's that? At this point in his life, he apparently identifies as a woman but is biologically male."

KIII-TV, an ABC affiliate in Corpus Christi, added an editorial note to their reporting on the thwarted anti-white terror plot:

"There is confusion over the gender of Seth Andrea Gregori [...] The name Andrea is commonly a female name in the United States, but it can be a typically male name in Italy, and Gregori is often an Italian surname. 3NEWS initially chose to use he/him pronouns as we went with what the FBI and CCPD were using. Moving forward, we will use they/them pronouns until we get better guidance."

According to documents obtained by Townhall, the CCPD's arrest report lists Gregori as female while the Nueces County Sheriff's Office booking sheet has him marked as a Hispanic male.

Gregori was arrested Monday on an active warrant—issued February 10—for making a terrorist threat toward a public servant.

According to an affidavit in support of Gregori's arrest, which refers to him as "Andrea/Seth," a CCPD detective embedded on a federal Joint Terrorism Task Force initiated an investigation on February 6 when a source called the Corpus Christi FBI office to report that the suspect had texted him about being in possession of an "AR-15 platform pistol" and wanting to kill CCPD officers.

Gregori arrest affidavit by mia.cathell

The source said that Gregori's cell phone contained six months of messages showing a lengthy history of him expressing a desire to recreate a "Dallas-style" ambush on police, in reference to the 2016 mass shooting.

On July 7, 2016, Micah Xavier Johnson, a black nationalist, ambushed and shot several Dallas Police Department (DPD) officers, killing five and injuring nine, marking the deadliest incident for U.S. law enforcement since the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Johnson, who ranted about racism online and followed the Facebook pages of black separatist groups, such as the New Black Panther Party, the Nation of Islam, and the Black Riders Liberation Party, shouted "Black supremacy! Black liberation!" during his shooting rampage.

Of the "thousands" of texts exchanged with Gregori, the tipster flagged "the worst" and most recent. The source sent CCPD screenshots of their texts, one in which Gregori said he planned on doing the "same thing Micah did," fantasizing as far back as before 2021, and that he thought about it "as much as I could like Micah planned for years," according to the arrest affidavit. Gregori then allegedly sent a picture of an AR receiver.

Spanning 71 pages of evidence, the correspondence showed "clear planning, intent, and steps taken to ambush and kill police officers in Corpus Christi, Texas," the probable cause statements said. The trove of texts included 19 images of the Dallas crime scene and of Johnson. Gregori had also allegedly sent a series of photographs he had taken while "surreptitiously" stalking local police officers, along with messages narrating him reenacting the 2016 shooting, unbeknownst to the officers in the images.

That day, Gregori was found at Mother Teresa's homeless shelter possessing a backpack carrying a fully loaded AR-15 pistol, purchased three days prior, and a box of ammunition, per police. Gregori allegedly bragged about being friendly with CCPD officers who work security at the homeless facility and "fooling" them to gain their trust so they didn't see him as a threat.

Upon being located, he allegedly fled on foot. In police custody, Gregori reportedly revealed he had plotted to commit the shooting spree downtown; however, Gregori said he would have spared innocent bystanders because he's "a sharpshooter" and only intended to take out CCPD cops. Gregori allegedly admitted he had wished to target "white" officers only, leaving the "black and Mexican cops alone."

This week, police picked Gregori up Monday on the arrest warrant executed at 600 Elizabeth Street, the address of CHRISTUS Spohn Hospital.

Gregori was booked into Nueces County Jail on state-level charges of resisting arrest, search, or transport; evading arrest or detention; and making terrorist threats with the intent to impair public services, place the public in fear of serious bodily harm, and influence government activities (a third-degree felony).

He is currently being held on $70,000 bond. An affidavit of indigency was filed Wednesday.

Federal charges may be filed down the line, CCPD said.

"We believe this was an attack that was probably going to happen, and fortunately, we were able to stop it before it did," the assistant CCPD chief said at Tuesday's press conference. "This one had the earmarks of something really tragic all over it."

On social media, FBI Houston applauded FBI Corpus Christi and their local police partners for thwarting "another mass casualty attack."

#BREAKING FBI Corpus Christi and local partners have thwarted another mass casualty attack!#FBI Corpus and @CorpusChristiPD arrested Seth aka Andrea Gregori today on state charges filed by @NuecesCoDA after he planned an attack on police similar to the 2016 Dallas ambush. #CCTX pic.twitter.com/0JtCCJFRIu— FBI Houston (@FBIHouston) February 24, 2025

Gregori has a criminal record involving multiple misdemeanors, according to court records reviewed by Townhall.

In December 2024, Gregori was arrested for criminal trespass, but the case was disposed of.

In May 2023, Gregori was charged with fleeing a police officer. At the time, he had long hair and appeared more feminine, according to a mugshot posted by a third-party public records website. Gregori is scheduled to be arraigned on March 7 in that case.

In family court, a woman tried to obtain a protective order against Gregori, though that 2023 case was dismissed.

The court docket for a 2022 traffic case called Gregori by "she" and "her" pronouns.

In 2018, a then-teenage Gregori and his older brother, Jonathan, were reported as runaways. Both were eventually located.

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koleengalang · 2 months ago

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CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS

“Peopling the Philippines II” shows how the Austronesian / Malayo-Polynesian migrations developed into the different ethnic cultures of the Philippines. Aside from using photographic reference from the late 1900s to the present, De Pio also uses images from the boxer codex, one of the first ethnographic documentations of the different Philippine people, done in 1590. De Pio also writes the names of the native groups both in roman letters, as well as in the traditional script, called baybayin.

“Pre-Hispanic Philippines” is a black and white imagining of life along the coastal kingdoms such as that of Maynila, Namayan, Tondo, Cebu, Butuan, and Sulu. Whereas many of these kingdoms were converted to Islam, their cultures still were strongly a hybrid of older cultures, as well as Chinese influences, whom these chiefdoms had been trading with as early as 900 AD. Other trade relations were also developed with the Siamese, the Viet, the Javanese Majapahit Empire, and the Bornean Srivijaya Empire, among others.

“Galleon Trade” presents the flourishing trade between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico, between 1565 to 1815. The need to explore Asia, which led to the Spanish colonization of the Philippines, was driven by the Europeans’ demand for spices, specifically in India. Although the Spanish did not find India or similar spices in the Philippine archipelago, the wealth of local gold and access to Chinese products proved justification for colonization. The Spaniards spread through the country via the sword, Catholic evangelization, and diplomacy; the latter is best exemplified with the Blood Compact between the conquistador Miguel de Legaspi and Rajah Sikatuna, of Bohol.

“Breaking Colonial Ties II” relates the latter part of the Philippine Revolution (1896-1898), where General Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964) took over the revolutionary government, now called the Republic of Biak-na-Bato. Finally there is Aguinaldo’s declaration of Philippine Independence, in June 1898, where he formally unfurled the Philippine Flag in Kawit, Cavite, which was made by Marcela Mariño Agoncillo, aided by her daughter Lorenza and Delfina Herbosa Natividad.

“Re-asserting Independence” presents the battles between the Filipino forces against the Americans, who had snatched victory from the Philippine revolutionaries in 1898. After a brief respite, the Filipinos, under President Emilio Aguinaldo, fought bravely but unsuccessfully during the Philippine-American War of 1899 to 1902. Two of the leading the Filipino commanders of that time were General Antonio Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta (1866-1899) and General Gregorio Hilario del Pilar y Sempio (1875-1899).

IN CONCLUSION

The exploration of the Philippines' rich history reveals a complex tapestry of cultural evolution, trade, and resistance. From the early Austronesian migrations that laid the foundation for diverse ethnic cultures to the flourishing maritime trade routes established during the Galleon Trade, the Philippines has always been a convergence point of various influences. The interactions with neighboring regions, including China and Southeast Asia, significantly shaped the local cultures, as evidenced by the hybrid identities formed in pre-Hispanic kingdoms. Furthermore, the documentation of these early peoples through works like the Boxer Codex highlights the importance of preserving cultural heritage and acknowledging the roots of Filipino identity. The struggle for independence, as illustrated in the latter part of the Philippine Revolution and the subsequent conflicts with American forces, underscores the resilience and determination of the Filipino people. Figures such as General Emilio Aguinaldo and his commanders exemplify the spirit of resistance against colonial powers, marking a significant chapter in the quest for self-determination. The declaration of Philippine Independence in 1898, coupled with the ongoing fight during the Philippine-American War, illustrates the challenges faced by a nation striving to assert its sovereignty. Ultimately, this historical journey reflects not only the complexities of colonial legacies but also the enduring strength of Filipino identity and the continuous struggle for autonomy and recognition in the face of external pressures.

written by: Manaloto, Stephanie Shane Y. & Galang, Koleen M.

#history

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itsurshine · 2 months ago

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CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS

IN CONCLUSION

written by: Manaloto, Stephanie Shane Y. & Galang, Koleen M.

#history

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