#August Willemsen

[twafordizzy]

August Willemsen en de zegeningen van het mobiel

Schrijver (Braziliaanse brieven) en vertaler (Fernando Pessoa) August Willemsen (1936-2007) woonde vanaf 1996 de helft van zijn tijd in Australië. Voor 2000 togen Willemsen en fotograaf Bert Verhoeff (1949) gezamenlijk naar het onmetelijke land ter voorbereiding op de Olympische Spelen. Verhoeff gaf zijn ogen ruim baan en fotografeerde Australiërs en hun bezigheden. Willemsen probeerde in woorden…

[dutchjan]

December 15, 2022

[tistje]

Tistje bij de garageboxhobbyisten ... autisme en samenleven

Tistje bij de garageboxhobbyisten … autisme en samenleven

Binnenkort woon ik al een maand in deze flat in dit dorp midden in de polders. Mijn gebouw wordt wel eens de Bijlmermeer van de boeren genoemd. Ik ken niet zoveel van de Bijlmermeer, alleen van hoe de Nederlandse vertaler August Willemsen, die er woonde, over schreef in zijn boeken. De vergelijking met de hoogbouw of architectuur van de Amsterdamse wijk gaat volgens mij in elk geval niet op.…

[peterpijls1965]

Schrijver/vertaler August Willemsen ligt begraven op Zorgvliet in Amsterdam. Ik woonde vlakbij. Op een avond, het was bijna volle maan, klom ik met pillen op over het hek om langdurig graven te bekijken. Daarna klom ik opnieuw over het hek en wandelde naar huis.

[ailtrahq]

Daily Trading volume on Friend.tech climbed to its highest level since 21 August. The surge in activity was attributable to new demand for the platform. Decentralized social network Friend.tech has seen a resurgence in activity after a brief decline, data from Dune Analytics showed. According to the data provider, the daily Trading volume on the platform closed 9 September at a high of $12.31 million, its highest since 21 August. On that day, buying activity exceeded selling activity, with users purchasing more keys than they sold. Source: Dune Analytics The surge in activity was due to an influx of new users to Friend.tech. Data tracked by Dune Analytics revealed a 104% uptick in the number of new users that completed at least one trade on the social network on 9 September. This brought the cumulative count of users on Friend.tech to 136,474. As users flocked to the platform, transactions count jumped as well. All transactions executed on 9 September totaled 23,004, representing a 31% increase from the 17,506 transactions registered on 8 September. Due to the spike in user activity, Friend.tech’s fees and revenue climbed to their highest level since 21 August. The total fees paid to process key trades on the social network amounted to $1.23 million. Protocol revenue from the same totaled $615,857. At press time, the total fees paid to use the platform was $11.58 million. In less than a month of operation, data from Dune Analytics showed that cumulative revenue exceeded $5 million.  Source: Dune Analytics Base saw growth, but not a lot Due to the increased activity on Friend.tech, Base, the Layer 2 (L2) network within which it is housed, also saw a jump in its total value locked, albeit minor. As of 9 September, Base’s TVL was $389.97 million, jumping by 1% from the $385 million recorded the day before. The minor jump in asset value on that day was due to the first major outage suffered by the L2 since its public launch on 9 August.  Base developers identified a stall in block production on the Base chain at 9:36 pm UTC on September 5. This led to no new blocks being produced on the chain for approximately 45 minutes. Coinbase's Base chain just had its first major outage, lasting for 43 minutes. Blocks have just started to be produced again. Another reminder that using Ethereum L2s (e.g. Arbitrum One, OP Mainnet, zkSync Era, Base) is NOT the same as using Ethereum mainnet, which is more… pic.twitter.com/JbUNQUGNwu — Matt Willemsen (@matt_willemsen) September 5, 2023 However, in spite of this, Base’s TVL has grown significantly since the month began. At $389 million at press time, it has risen by 48% since 31 August.  Source: Dune Analytics

[haarlemupdates]

Circus Hakim en producent Het Nieuwe Zuiden organiseren donderdag 20 april om 20.00u een exclusieve voorvertoning van de documentaire De bladzij en de werkelijkheid over vertaler en schrijver August Willemsen. Kennemer Boekhandel verzorgd de boekverkoop bij het evenement. Gedreven door een fascinatie voor Portugese taal en Braziliaanse literatuur, reisde August Willemsen vaak naar Brazilië. Tijdens zijn reizen gedurende 1967-1984 doet hij meeslepend verslag van zijn belevenissen in het ongeëvenaarde boek Braziliaanse brieven. De brievenroman inspireert filmmaker Frederieke Jochems hem achterna te reizen en te onderzoeken wat hem trok naar dit immense land – en wat hij hier ontvluchtte. Huist er een Braziliaanse ziel in de charmante literator? Filmmaker Frederieke Jochems is aanwezig voor Q&A na afloop. Na de vertoning in Circus Hakim is er Braziliaanse muziek van Daniel de Moraes en Felix Hildenbrand en zijn er caipirinha’ste koop! Ook is er een mogelijkheid tot het vooraf nuttigen van een speciaal Braziliaans menu van Spruit en Thuis Overveen. Hiervoor dient u zich wel apart aan te melden. Info Datum: do 20 april Aanvang: 20:00 uur Locatie: Theater Circus Hakim (Korte Verspronckweg 7, Haarlem) Entree: €15,- (diner ook €15,-) Aanmelden filmvertoning: info@hetnieuwezuiden.nl Aanmelden Braziliaans menu: judith@spruitenthuis.nl            

[nietswaard]

Ik zoek de mensen zolang ze vreemden zijn; ik ontvlucht ze zodra ze dat niet meer zijn.     - August Willemsen

[dutch-and-flemish-painters]

Willem Forchondt and Willem van Herp - Noli me tangere - 

Noli me tangere is the Latin version of a phrase spoken, according to John 20:17, by Jesus to Mary Magdalene when she recognized him after his resurrection.

A loose translation into English would be "don't cling to me" or "don't touch me." The original Koine Greek phrase, Μή μου ἅπτου (mē mou haptou), is better represented in translation as "cease holding on to me" or "stop clinging to me", i.e. an ongoing action, not one done in a single moment.

The biblical scene of Mary Magdalene's recognizing Jesus Christ after his resurrection became the subject of a long, widespread and continuous iconographic tradition in Christian art from Late Antiquity to the present. Pablo Picasso, for example, used the painting Noli me tangere by Antonio da Correggio, stored in the Museo del Prado, as an iconographic source for his famous painting La Vie (Cleveland Museum of Art) from the so-called Blue Period.

Willem van Herp (I) or Willem van Herp the Elder (variations on first name: 'Guilliam', 'Gilliam' and 'Guillaume') (Antwerp, c. 1614–1677) was a Flemish Baroque painter specializing in religious paintings and small cabinet paintings of "low-life" genre scenes. He operated a large workshop and through his good connections with Antwerp art dealers helped spread the Flemish Baroque style internationally.

Willem Forchondt, or Guillam Forchondt the Elder[1] (1608–1678) was a Flemish painter, cabinet maker and art dealer. His international art dealership played an important role in the spread of Flemish Baroque art in Europe and South-America. He changed the relationship between art dealer and artist by becoming himself involved in the organisation of the art production process.

He was born in Antwerp as the son of the ebony worker and art dealer Melchior Forchondt the Elder, originally from Breslau, and the brother of Melchior the Younger. Melchior the Elder made his name dealing in ebony cabinets that were decorated with oil paintings, that he commissioned from members of the Antwerp Guild of St. Luke.

Young Guillam grew up in this artistic milieu and became a member of the guild in 1632 as "winemaster", which meant his father was still a member at the time. Like his father he was also skilled as a maker of cabinets. When his father died in 1633 Guillam took over the business. He married Maria Lemmens on 3 August 1636. The couple had 8 children.

With the help of this network of family connections in Europe Forchondt was able to turn his father's business into an international art and luxury goods enterprise. The many clients of the Forchondt firm included prominent personalities of the time such as the Emperor of Austria and the Princes of Liechtenstein. Around 1700 Hans-Adam I, Prince of Liechtenstein acquired from the Forchondt firm two masterpieces of Rubens: the Massacre of the Innocents and Samson and Delilah.

As a painter Forchondt worked in the Flemish Baroque style of Rubens, Jan Brueghel the Younger, Joos de Momper and David Teniers the Younger clearly adapting his output to the demand in the market. Many of his works can be regarded as pastiches or reduced copies of works by Rubens. He is known to have collaborated on compositions with other painters such as Willem van Herp who painted the staffage. Forchondt enjoyed a high reputation for his design drawings for cabinets.

In the 1670s Flanders suffered a severe economic downturn due mostly to an invasion by the French. Guillam Forchondt and his brother Melchior the Younger weathered the crisis by becoming art entrepreneurs. They hired lesser painters and supplied them with the necessary materials to create group projects such as large commissioned copies of famous works, or large decorative objects as their father had dealt in. At one point, the Brothers Forchondt had 60 painters in their service for export to France, Austria, Spain and Portugal. Among the painters in their employ were Franciscus Hamers who became a member of the guild in 1674, and Peter van de Velde. Other painters such as Willem van Herp, Michiel II Coignet, Abraham Willemsens, Pieter van Lint, Simon de Vos and Gerard de la Vallée regularly worked for the Forchondts on various commissions.

There was at that time a great demand abroad and in particular in Spain for paintings in the style of the great Flemish masters such as Rubens and Anthony van Dyck. Art dealers such as the Forchondts who had a local representation in various foreign countries facilitated the trade in these paintings. The religious works were often painted on copper, a painting medium that was much appreciated in Spain, both because of its durability and its glossy finish. The group works created under the direction of the Forchondt firm played an important role in the spread of paintings on copper in Mexico where they were exported through Spain's trade with Latin America.

Though he probably did his colleagues in the Guild a service by creating production work and new export channels for sales, he was never referred to by name by the Dutch artist biographer Arnold Houbraken, who called him and his family the keelbeulen (cut throats) of Antwerp. Other artists and craftsmen likely regarded art entrepreneurs like Forchondt as persons who interfered in the artistic process without actually carrying out any manual work. The small ebony masters in Antwerp became so frustrated with Forchondt that they commenced litigation requiring that like them he pass a master test in order to retain his Guild membership. They likely did this to confirm the importance of this test to their status as craftsmen at a time when the more entrepreneurial organization of their craft (by dealers like Forchondt) threatened their position. As the son of a master, Forchondt had not undertaken any formal apprenticeship and likely had avoided the master test.

Guillam Forchondt died in Antwerp.

[leibhaftige]

Leselaunen 2017

JANUAR

• Émile Zola: Das Werk • Laurent Binet: Die siebte Sprachfunktion • Bea Dieker: Vaterhaus • Marcello Fois: Schwestern • Paola Calvetti: Und immer wieder Liebe • Klass Huizing: Der letzte Dandy

FEBRUAR

• Christopher Isherwood: Praterveilchen • Markus Walther: Der Letzte beißt die Hunde • Mathias Petry: Hudlhub • Julia Jessen: Alles wird hell • Marianne Jungmaier: Das Tortenprotokoll • Gerhard Jäger: Der Schnee, das Feuer, die Schuld und der Tod

MÄRZ

• Reinhard Kaiser-Mühlecker: Fremde Seele, dunkler Wald • Rex Stout: Es klingelte an der Tür • Kent Haruf: Unsere Seelen bei Nacht

APRIL

• Oliver Pötzsch: Die Burg der Könige

MAI

• Steven Millhauser: Zaubernacht • Frans Kellendonk: Buchstabe und Geist

JUNI

• Zsuzsa Bánk: Schlafen werden wir später • Amélie Nothomb: Die Kunst, Champagner zu trinken • Alois Hotschnig: Absolution

JULI

• Christine Wunnicke: Katie • Roger Willemsen: Wer wir waren • Matthias Hirth: Lutra Lutra • A. M. Homes: Das Ende von Alice • Heinz Helle: Eigentlich müssten wir tanzen • Anna Gavalda: Ab morgen wird alles anders

AUGUST

• Jakob Nolte: ALFF • Milan Kundera: Das Fest der Bedeutungslosigkeit • Simon Strauss: Sieben Nächte • Ernest Hemingway; Scott F. Fitzgerald: Wir sind verdammt lausige Akrobaten • Graham Swift: Ein Festtag • Louise de Vilmorin: Der Brief im Taxi • Noëlle Revaz: Das unendliche Buch • Petra Hartlieb: Ein Winter in Wien

SEPTEMBER

• Unda Hörner: Kafka und Felice • Maja Lunde: Die Geschichte der Bienen • Michel Houellebecq: In Schopenhauers Gegenwart

OKTOBER

• Andrew Wilson: Agathas Alibi • Joseph O’Connor: Die wilde Ballade vom lauten Leben

NOVEMBER

• Zelda Fitzgerald: Himbeeren mit Sahne im Ritz • Camille Aubray: Monsieur Picasso u. der Sommer der franz. Köstlichkeiten • Charles Baudelaire: Wein und Haschisch • Lesley M. M. Blume: Und alle benehmen sich daneben • Takis Würger: Der Club • Hanno Millesi: Der Schmetterlingstrieb

DEZEMBER

• Kai Weyand: Applaus für Bronikowski • Han Kang: Menschenwerk • Paulo Coelho: Der Flug des Bogens • Sten Nadolny: Das Glück des Zauberers • Jean-Christoph Grangé: Die purpurnen Flüsse • Günter Grass: Die Box

[luiscarmelo]

O cinturão invisível de Pessoa

O som do violino vinha de longe. Como se estivesses noutro lugar a tocá-lo e não onde realmente te encontravas. Acontecia-te muitas vezes esse migrar dos pulmões para fora da respiração, ou esse migrar da expressão mais íntima para fora do rosto. Existias tanto do outro lado da praça, como no fio melódico das moscas que assaltavam o vidro da janela, junto à mesa onde os teus pais te tinham levado para almoçar. O restaurante Irmãos Unidos tinha dois pisos e, na parede da frente, o quadro de Almada Negreiros dominava os olhos fechados com que o tempo insistia em parar. A curva semelhante à de uma parábola definia o rosto de Fernando Pessoa e sugeria ser uma máscara colada à testa, por baixo do chapéu de abas. A luz alaranjada cobria todo o corpo por trás, ao mesmo tempo que transpunha o tampo da mesa em forma de traço descontínuo. O cenário geométrico desafiava tudo o resto a dançar: a caneta, a chávena de café, a revista Orfeu 2, o cigarro, o lenço, o papillon e o pequeno bigode. A recta directriz com que cingia o olhar através dos óculos, duas lentes elípticas embaciadas pelo torpor, quem sabe se pela flecha vazia de um dardo. Ficaste impressionado com a vulnerabilidade do mistério, era como se ele gravitasse à volta daquelas cores e parecia até fácil agarrá-lo com a ponta dos dedos. Coisa egípcia, pensaste, pois vagueavas ainda com o talismã dos faraós na tua memória, matéria recente das aulas de história no liceu. Três anos mais tarde, em Janeiro de 1970, o quadro, executado em Bicesse no mês e no ano em que tu nasceste, viria a ser vendido no leilão do recheio do café-restaurante por mil trezentos e cinquenta contos. Algum tempo depois, Sarah Affonso revelou que a obra fora pintada no quintal, num sítio onde a luz coada pela ramagem era quase perfeita. Após mais de um século de história, os Irmãos Unidos, presentes na literatura de Camilo ou de Fialho de Almeida, passaram tristemente o testemunho à Camisaria Moderna que teve assim a possibilidade de alargar as suas instalações no Rossio. Continuaste a lutar com o bife e com o ovo estrelado, enquanto afastavas as moscas do prato e sempre a escutar os sons agudos que provinham afinal do olhar do poeta que nunca mais te largou o cinturão invisível. Fernando Pessoa transformou o excessivo peso do passado numa metafísica feita de nuvens de bom tempo. Essa meia evaporação da história fez com que uma certa quantidade de mitos, espalhados em todas as direcções, se transformassem em metáforas de leitura universal. Um tal reequilíbrio não cabia na rigidez do antigo regime, mas floresceu uns cinquenta anos depois da morte do poeta que não foi apenas um poeta, mas um modo de nos lermos e de nos entendermos a nós próprios. A heteronímia serviu para mostrar que as soluções avançam por muitos carris ao mesmo tempo e que a estação de chegada, tal como todos os pontos de partida, são sempre espaços improváveis. Vivemos numa encruzilhada de proposições, em suma. Lembras-te do encontro, na Primavera de 1982, com August Willemsen, um dos grandes pioneiros das traduções de Pessoa, que teve lugar na biblioteca da universidade de Amesterdão, na altura a meia dúzia de metros da praça de Waterloo e da casa de Rembrandt (quando os turistas ainda rareavam). Comparando a Holanda com Portugal, ele disse-te uma frase que dificilmente esquecerás: “Nós naufragámos mas fomos apenas comerciantes, enquanto vocês naufragaram em Pessoa e com isso descobriram o mundo todo de uma só vez.”. Ofereceste-lhe o único livro que publicaras até então, intitulado O Fio de Prumo. Ele viu o título, sorriu, deu uma volta às estantes de poesia brasileira e apareceu-te com um livro homónimo na mão. Respiraste fundo, pois um homónimo não é propriamente um heterónimo. E concluíste que apenas existe aprendizagem, se se armar uma feira que consiga preencher a alma inteira. No fundo, foi o que Almada conseguiu com aquele quadro pintado ao ar livre em finais de Agosto de 1954: espelhar através do olhar de Fernando Pessoa um outro mundo diante daquele que nos é habitual, mas com um fio de prumo secreto a ligá-los (para que pudéssemos ver de fora aquilo que, ao mesmo tempo, somos e não somos, tal como a flecha e o dardo se entreolham sem quaisquer limites). (texto extraído de ‘Órbita-I: Visão Aproximada’ – título de obra de longo curso ainda em trânsito)

[twafordizzy]

August Willemsen schreef brieven vanuit Brazilië

bron beeld: haarlemsekrant.nl August Willemsen (1936-2007) werd vooral bekend als vertaler van Braziliaanse en Portugese literatuur. Daarnaast ontstond een bescheiden oeuvre waarin hij precieze dagelijkse observaties verwerkte tot romans en autobiografisch werk. In Braziliaanse brieven doet hij verslag van zijn ervaringen in Brazilië waar hij gewoond heeft en regelmatig vertoefde. Willemsen…

[dutchjan]

November 29, 2022

[hittveu]

Nachwuchs-Klasse: Stepan Zuda und Lennox Lehmann triumphieren Jakub Gurecky gelingt ein weiterer Einsteiger-Durchmarsch ADAC Pocket Bike Cup: Richard Irmscher holt frühzeitigen Titel auf GRC

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Cheb (12. August 2017) Klasse Sieger Rennen 1 Sieger Rennen 2 ADAC Mini Bike Cup: Nachwuchs Stepan Zuda Lennox Lehmann ADAC Mini Bike Cup: Einsteiger Jakub Gurecky Jakub Gurecky ADAC Pocket Bike Cup Phil Urlaß, Richard Irmscher Phil Urlaß, Richard Irmscher

Cheb. Der ADAC Mini Bike Cup und der ADAC Pocket Bike Cup waren an diesem Wochenende nach der Sommerpause zurück auf der Strecke. Zur siebten Runde des ADAC Mini Bike Cup, die für die jüngsten Piloten des ADAC Pocket Bike Cup das vorletzte Event der Saison bildete, reisten die Nachwuchsfahrer ins tschechische Cheb.

Dabei teilten sich Stepan Zuda (12, CZE) und Lennox Lehmann (11, Dresden) die spannenden Siege in der Nachwuchs-Klasse, während Jakub Gurecky (11, CZE) einen weiteren Doppeltriumph feierte. Gleichzeitig siegte Phil Urlaß (10, Hohndorf) im ADAC Pocket Bike Cup auf BLATA und Richard Irmscher (8, Lichtenau) feierte mit einem weiteren Doppelsieg bereits den GRC-Titel.

Nachwuchs-Klasse: Harte Duelle an der Spitze

Nachdem das erste Qualifying am Morgen nach Regen noch schwierig zu fahren war, konnten die jungen Piloten im zweiten Zeittraining richtig nachlegen, wobei sich Stepan Zuda (12, CZE) die Pole Position auf der 840 Meter langen Strecke sichern konnte. Nach einem harten Kampf ging schließlich auch der Sieg im ersten Rennen an den Tschechen. Lennox Lehmann (11, Dresden) musste sich mit nur 0,049 Sekunden Rückstand auf Platz zwei geschlagen geben. Phillip Tonn (11, Neukirchen) eroberte Rang drei, gefolgt von Daan Booij (12, NED) und Maxim Repak (10, SVK).

Im zweiten 13 Runden langen Rennen schlug Lehmann jedoch zurück und schnappte sich mit über zwei Sekunden Vorsprung den Sieg. Tonn belegte Position zwei, gefolgt von Zuda, der den letzten Podestplatz im zweiten Lauf einnahm. Jonas Kocourek (11, CZE) wurde Vierter und Booij komplettierte die Top-Fünf.

In der Gesamtwertung liegt Tonn nach 14 von 20 Rennen mit 281 Punkten an der Spitze, gefolgt von Lehmann mit 243 Zählern und knapp dahinter Booij, der 236 Punkte auf seinem Konto hat.

Lennox Lehmann (2./1., 11 Jahre, Dresden): “Die Qualifyings verliefen gut. Das erste fand noch bei Mischbedingungen statt und im zweiten Zeittraining war es dann trocken. Im ersten Rennen konnten Stepa und ich an der Spitze etwas davonfahren, haben uns aber ein hartes Duell mit vielen Positionswechseln geliefert. Ich war in den Kurven immer etwas schneller als er und er dafür auf der Geraden. In der letzten Runde habe ich jedoch einen kleinen Fehler gemacht und dadurch lag er im Ziel knapp vor mir. Im zweiten Lauf kam Stepa nicht ganz so gut weg, dann lag Phillip aber hinter mir und hat etwas Druck gemacht. Glücklicherweise konnte ich ihm dann aber davonfahren und gewinnen. Cheb ist definitiv eine meiner Lieblingsstrecken, weil sie so schnell ist, aber ich hoffe, dass ich auch in den kommenden Runden aufs Podium fahren kann.”

Einsteiger-Klasse: Willemsen macht Druck

Nachdem Jakub Gurecky (11, CZE) bisher einen klaren Durchmarsch in dieser Saison hingelegt hat, musste er die Pole Position bei seinem Heimrennen zunächst an Noel Willemsen (11, Kassel) abgeben. Im ersten Lauf konnte er den Elfjährigen jedoch schlagen und feierte einen weiteren Sieg. Willemsen ließ Gurecky jedoch das ganze Rennen über nicht davonziehen und kam nur 0,123 Sekunden dahinter auf Platz zwei ins Ziel. Filip Novotny (9, CZE) folgte als Dritter, während Lucas Eisenfeld (10, Chemnitz) und Marco Schweizer (10, Giengen an der Brenz) auf den Plätzen vier und fünf landeten.

Im zweiten Lauf konnte sich Gurecky erneut durchsetzen. Er feierte seinen 14. Sieg im 14. Rennen und ließ seinen engsten Verfolger, Willemsen 2,102 Sekunden hinter sich. Novotny gelang mit Position drei der Sprung aufs Podium, gefolgt von Marek Kindermann (10, CZE) und Schweizer, die dahinter die Top-Fünf-Plätze komplettierten.

In der Gesamtwertung führt Gurecky weiterhin mit voller Punktzahl (350 von 350 möglichen Zählern). Willemsen hält sich mit 260 Punkten wacker dahinter und Novotny liegt mit 163 Punkten auf Position drei.

ADAC Pocket Bike Cup: Irmscher wird frühzeitig Meister

Nachdem Richard Irmscher (8, Lichtenau) die Pole Position im ADAC Pocket Bike Cup einfahren konnte, fuhr er auch im ersten Rennen auf und davon. Der GRC Pilot siegte vor Ben Wiegner (7, Plauen) und Mika Siebdrath (8, Wildenfels). Mit einem weiteren Triumph im zweiten Lauf darf sich Irmscher mit insgesamt 285 Punkten bereits über den frühzeitigen Titel auf GRC freuen. Hinter ihm kamen Wiegner und Colin Friba (8, Steinbach) auf den Plätzen zwei und drei ins Ziel. Wiegner belegt mit 227 Punkten den zweiten Platz der Gesamtwertung, gefolgt von Valentino Herrlich (8, Hofbieber) mit 160 Zählern.

Auf BLATA sicherte sich indes Phil Urlaß (10, Hohndorf) den Doppelsieg. Jan Gurecky (8, CZE) kam im ersten Lauf auf dem zweiten Rang im Ziel an, während Jona Eisenkolb (9, Kassel) die schwarz-weiß-karierte Flagge als Dritter sah. Im zweiten Lauf fuhr Eisenkolb hinter Urlaß als Zweiter ins Ziel und Gurecky belegte Position drei. In der Gesamtwertung liegt Gurecky mit 257 Punkten der Spitze, gefolgt von Urlaß mit 238 Zählern und Eisenkolb mit 231 Punkten.

Quelle: ADAC Motorsport

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  ADAC Mini Bike Cup kehrt mit packenden Rennen aus der Sommerpause zurück Nachwuchs-Klasse: Stepan Zuda und Lennox Lehmann triumphieren Jakub Gurecky gelingt ein weiterer Einsteiger-Durchmarsch ADAC Pocket Bike Cup: Richard Irmscher holt frühzeitigen Titel auf GRC…

[peterpijls1965]

Volgende week woensdag in het Boeddhistisch Dagblad: mijn column over de dorre levens in de serta~o. De droge leegten van Brazilië en de rudimentaire mensen die er leven, waren levenslang een obsessie voor schrijver/vertaler/ hoogleraar Portugees August Willemsen. De alcoholist ontsloot voor velen de Braziliaanse literatuur. Door in het land te werken en te vertalen. En vooral door zijn reizen, ook door de sertao, samengevat in Braziliaanse brieven.

[ailtrahq]

Coinbase’s Ethereum layer-2 project Base that went live this August suffered its first significant outage on Sept. 5. The company faced a problem when no new blocks were produced during 43 minutes on the Blockchain Network. Base’s developers identified the problem at 9:36 pm UTC. Matt Willemsen, head of research at Crypto education platform Collective Shift, highlighted the difference between the usage of Ethereum (ETH) L2s and the mainnet in a post via X. He claimed that the mainnet is more battle-tested and involves fewer trust assumptions. Coinbase's Base chain just had its first major outage, lasting for 43 minutes. Blocks have just started to be produced again.Another reminder that using Ethereum L2s (e.g. Arbitrum One, OP Mainnet, zkSync Era, Base) is NOT the same as using Ethereum mainnet, which is more… pic.twitter.com/JbUNQUGNwu— Matt Willemsen (@matt_willemsen) September 5, 2023 Base is a project launched by Coinbase, the world’s second-largest Crypto exchange. On Feb. 23, the company ran a beta version. Its mainnet version for developers and builders was released on July 13. The final version for users was launched on Aug. 9. The main goal of Coinbase Base is to address some of the challenges users face on the Ethereum blockchain. It aims to provide a more scalable environment for Decentralized Applications (dapps) by utilizing the OP Stack Software from Optimism. This Software processes transactions outside the primary Ethereum blockchain, aiming for faster transaction speeds and reduced transaction costs compared to Ethereum. The ecosystem of Coinbase‘s Base consists of over 100 dapps and service providers. Users can pay using Crypto Apps, launch a decentralized Autonomous organization (DAO), or interact with Cryptocurrency projects like exchanges. Moreover, Coca-Cola has recently launched its NFT collection on Base.

[unsettlingstories]

Concerns About the Diagnostic Model of Dissociative Identity Disorder

The diagnosis of Dissociative Identity Disorder is plagued by assumptions and biases which undermine the reliability of the model on which the disorder is based. As a result, this undermined reliability creates an environment in which the clinical testing methodology of the disorder may be at issue; most significantly, the possibility that DID symptoms are induced iatrogenically. If Dissociative Identity Disorder is partially the result of iatrogenesis, the very standards used in diagnosing and treating DID and other, similar disorders may be questioned. The subjectivity of the clinical interview and lack of meaningful empirical data contribute to the overall nebulosity of the current DID diagnosis; whether these issues may be overcome in order to provide a clearer, more objective picture of DID is unknown.

Part I: Practical Concerns

Correlations between trauma, usually during childhood, and Dissociative Identity Disorder are assumed throughout DID literature; the Freudian theory of repression being the foundation on which this trauma model is built. However, despite associations made between acts of abuse and the etiology of DID, specific evidence linking the two is tenuous. When taking into account the innumerable abuses and traumas suffered by both children and adults throughout the world, the fact DID rarely, if ever, appears among those lacking access to mental health specialists knowledgeable in the disorder suggests other issues may be at hand. Further, and perhaps most importantly, it was not until reports of DID incidents in prominent journals began to appear that newer cases were reported and diagnoses increased in frequency.

According to Harold Merskey and August Piper, in a review of Dissociative Disorder theories in the Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, “[E]ven proponents [of the standard DID model] acknowledge that cases of DID were rare throughout most of recorded psychiatric history: not until 1980 were even 200 cases amassed in the entire world literature. Of these, only about 2 cases per decade appeared for most of the 30 years before 1960, and just 14 cases were recorded worldwide during the years 1944 to 1969” (Mersky, Piper 593). The findings of these data create a still-unanswerable question regarding the trauma model of DID: Why, if significant traumas have existed throughout history, increasing in frequency the further back one looks, have the incidences of reports of DID symptomatology only increased in the presence of the acknowledged disorder itself?

Harvard College professor and evolutionary psychologist Steven Pinker, through his exhaustive statistical analysis of violence throughout history, “The Better Angels of Our Nature,” describes how violence of nearly every sort has steadily declined, and human civilization today is currently experiencing the lowest level of overall violence in its history. Why, then, have DID diagnoses and non-professional reports of the disorder exploded during a time of the lowest levels of trauma and violence?

Further data from Mersky and Piper report, “In adults, the number of reported DID cases increased strikingly in the 1980s. More DID cases were discovered during the 5 years prior to 1986 than in the preceding 2 centuries. By 1986, 6000 patients had been diagnosed in the US alone” (Mersky, Piper 595). These data, now targeting adults, show a dramatically higher increase in diagnoses. Contrasting these data with the statistical analyses of Pinker definitively show something, other than increased trauma and violence, is responsible for the increasing Dissociative Identity Disorder diagnoses.

When faced with the claims within these data, the etiology of Dissociative Identity Disorder and the methods of determining the causal root of its symptomatology begin to break down. However, it leaves unanswered what these DID patients are actually experiencing and why their symptoms are present. While some instances of DID symptomatology may be attributed to malingering, current clinical tests for the disorder, such as the SCID-D, have been refined over time to eliminate candidates suspected of such from the diagnosis. However, the subjective and transient nature of identity disorders and the strong reliance on session-reported data make it difficult to draw empirical conclusions. Further, the SCID-D test, which is the benchmark for DID testing, relies entirely on the results of a psychiatric interview.

According to Jeffery S. Shaffer and Michael J. Oakley in their article “Some Epistemological Concerns About Dissociative Identity Disorder and Diagnostic Practices in Psychology,” “[T]here is no objective reason to believe that the questions chosen and the profiles constructed on the basis of those questions are really indicative of the relevant disorders. Moreover, in the case of the SCID-D we have the added complication that the scores reported are the result of the subjective evaluation of the clinician in question and there is no reason to suspect that such score reports really reflect the actual severity of symptoms of the patient” (Oakley, Shaffer 16). This subjective evaluation being the result of an interview process in which the clinician is in direct communication with the patient and could potentially bias the patient toward or away from a particular diagnosis creates a scenario where the potential for iatrogenesis increases to a point where it must be considered in the modeling of the disorder. This potential is considered a legitimate issue by the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM IV, which states, “[O]thers are concerned that Dissociative Identity Disorder may be overdiagnosed relative to other mental disorders based on the media interest in the disorder and the suggestible nature of the individuals” (APA 487).

A study into an iatrogenic nature of Dissociative Identity Disorder by Bernet M. Elzinga, Richard van Dyck, and Philip Spinhoven states, “The indications that DID, or at least the number of alters, has an iatrogenic component is corroborated by the fact that relatively few patients, approximately only 20%, report manifest clear signs of DID at the beginning of therapy. The other 80% of DID patients is said to have only certain `windows of diagnosability'; so-called limited moments during which the typical dissociative symptoms are apparent. Moreover, such signs become increasingly apparent in the course of therapy” [emphasis added] (Elzinga, Spinhoven, van Dyck 15). The apparent increase in dissociative symptoms throughout the course of therapy is problematic. Is this increase in symptoms a naturally-occurring artefact of DID as it is currently modeled? Or does the clinical process of treating the patient contribute to what may be interpreted as an increase in symptoms?

The data are inconclusive. While Elzinga et al. are able to suggest a high potential for iatrogenesis, a comprehensive study by King’s College, London, and multiple universities and clinics within the Netherlands, using brain imaging data, autonomic response, and subjective observation, demonstrated that iatrogenesis does not play a role in Dissociative Identity Disorder, and concludes, “The findings are at odds with the idea that differences among different types of dissociative identity states in DID can be explained by [...] suggestion. They indicate that DID does not have a sociocultural (e.g., iatrogenic) origin” (den Boer, Nijenhuis, Reinders, Vos, Willemsen 1).

The results of these two studies explicate the problems with the diagnosis of Dissociative Identity Disorder. However, the latter study by den Boer et al. is important because it, unlike the study by Elzinga et al., uses biological data in addition to clinical observation. These, and similar biology-based data are likely to be at the forefront of the drive to better understand DID and may allow for the creation of a new model on which the disorder may be based.

Part II: Theoretical Solution

In order to create a new model, there must exist a consensus on the etiology of the disorder. The modern trend in the study of Dissociative Identity Disorder is moving away from clinical and observational data in favor of a biological interpretation. However, a biological model of identity itself has yet to be empirically demonstrated. Therefore, a truly biological explanation and treatment for DID is still not within the realm of possibility. Despite this fact, a growing philosophical movement based upon neurobiology and the neural correlates of identity has attempted to shed light on the aforementioned issues.

Philosopher and cognitive scientist Thomas Metzinger, in his monograph “Being No One,” endeavors to examine the phenomenological aspects of cognitive and dissociative disorders from a mechanistic perspective; studying and categorizing the neurobiological systems and related processes on which personal identity is based, and, through analysis of the derived data, attempt to extrapolate the causal relationship between one’s neuroanatomy and one’s Phenomenological Self-Model (PSM), and how PSM variances can explain cognitive/dissociative disorders. “As a neurobiological, functional, and representational entity [the PSM] is subpersonal, [...] it generates personal-level properties like phenomenal selfhood for the system as a whole, enabling “strong” first-person phenomena, social cognition, and intersubjectivity” (Metzinger 528).

Mechanistically, the PSM describes identity as an emergent property resulting from ongoing processes inherent in one’s neurocognitive architecture. Dissociative Identity Disorder, according to this theory, is the product of a neuro-architectural variance creating the potential for multiple PSMs to develop. DID symptoms can be attributed to intersubjective relationships across PSMs; the severity of the symptoms being reliant upon the strength of those relationships and the strength of the dominant PSM in repressing them.

The Phenomenological Self-Model is not to be considered a replacement for the current models used to explain Dissociative Identity Disorder. Its value is in providing a new testbed on which existing theories can be either verified or falsified on empirical grounds. The model itself is not empirically verified. It does, however, primarily use empirical data when forming its assumptions; clinical data and observer reports are less favored than biological data containing findings than can be replicated. These data will help to lower the levels of subjectivity and bias endemic within current DID diagnostic practices. Ultimately, it will be a synthesis of both anecdotal/subjective and empirical modeling that will give the clearest picture of Dissociative Identity Disorder, and that clarity will allow for a higher level of care for those afflicted.

Works Cited

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994. Print.

Elzinga, Bernet M., Richard Van Dyck, and Philip Spinhoven. "Three Controversies About Dissociative Identity Disorder." Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 5.1 (1998): 13-23. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2014.

Metzinger, Thomas. Being No One: The Self-model Theory of Subjectivity. Cambridge, MA: MIT, 2003. Print.

Pinker, Steven. The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined. New York: Viking, 2011. Print.

Piper, August, and Harold Merskey. "The Persistence Of Folly: A Critical Examination Of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Part I. The Excesses Of An Improbable Concept." Canadian Journal Of Psychiatry 49.9 (2004): 592-600. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2014.

Piper, August, and Harold Merskey. "The Persistence Of Folly: Critical Examination Of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Part II. The Defence And Decline Of Multiple Personality Or Dissociative Identity Disorder." Canadian Journal Of Psychiatry 49.10 (2004): 678-683. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2014.

Reinders, A. A. T. Simone, et al. "Fact Or Factitious? A Psychobiological Study Of Authentic And Simulated Dissociative Identity States." Plos ONE 7.6 (2012): 1-17. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2014.

Shaffer, Michael J., and Jeffery S. Oakley. "Some Epistemological Concerns About Dissociative Identity Disorder And Diagnostic Practices In Psychology." Philosophical Psychology 18.1 (2005): 1-29. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2014. 

(This was written by Max of @unsettlingstories and unsettlingstories.com - don’t try to hand it in to your professor because he’ll catch you! Do your own research - it’s fun!)