#23rd Marine Regiment
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A U.S. Marine with Charlie Company, 1st Battalion 23rd Marine Regiment, executes Range 400 during Integrated Training Exercise 4-23 at Marine Air-Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, CA, June 18, 2023.
(Photo by Capt. Mark Andries)
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Books of 2023
Book 39 of 2023
Title: First In, Last Out: An American Paratrooper in Vietnam With the 101st and Vietnamese Airborne Authors: John Howard ISBN: 9780811766067 Tags: AC-130 Spectre, AUS ADF AA 1st Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR), AUS ADF AA Australian Army, AUS ADF Australian Defence Force, AUS Australia, B-52 Stratofortress, C-130 Hercules, CHE Geneva Conference of 1954 (French Indochina War), Cold War (1946-1991), CUB Cuba, CUB Cuban Missile Crisis, FAC, FRA ADT French Ground Army (Armée de terre), FRA ADT Groupement Mobile 100 (French Indochina War), FRA France, GER Berlin, GER Berlin - Checkpoint Charlie, GER Berlin Wall, GER Germany, GER Munich, KHM Cambodia, KHM Cambodian Incursion (1970) (Vietnam War), KOR Blue House Raid (1968), KOR Camp Greaves, KOR Freedom Bridge, KOR Imjin River, KOR Korea, KOR Korean War (1950-1953), KOR Munsan, KOR President Park Chung Hee, KOR ROK Capital Tiger Division, KOR ROK KATUSA Korean Augmentation to the US Army, KOR ROK Republic of Korea Army, KOR ROKMC Republic Of Korea Marine Corps, KOR UN UNC United Nations Command, KOR US USFK US Forces Korea, LAO FSB 31 (Lam Son 719) (Vietnam War), LAO Lam Son 719 (1971) (Vietnam War), LAO Laos, M113 APC, O-2 Skymaster, PHL Philippines, PHL US USAF Clark Air Force Base, PRK Kim Il Sung, PRK KPA 124th Army Unit, PRK KPA North Korean People's Army, PRK North Korea, SA-2 Guideline SAM, SA-7 Strela SAM, SAM, THA Bangkok, THA Bangkok - Nick's #1 Hungarian Inn, THA RTAFB Nakhon Phanom Royal Thai Air Base, THA Thailand, U-2, UN United Nations, US Ambassador Maxwell Taylor, US Martin Luther King Jr (Civil Rights Leader), US MOH Medal of Honor, US MSTS Military Sea Transportation Service, US MSTS USNS General Leroy Eltinge (T-AP-154), US OH Kent State University, US OH Kent State University Shootings (1970) (Vietnam War), US OH Ohio, US President John F. Kennedy, US President John F. Kennedy Assassination - Dallas TX (1963), US President Lyndon B. Johnson, US President Richard M. Nixon, US Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, US USA 101st Airborne Division - 1st Brigade, US USA 101st Airborne Division - 3rd Brigade, US USA 101st Airborne Division - Screaming Eagles, US USA 173rd Airborne Brigade - Sky Soldiers, US USA 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team, US USA 1st Cavalry Division, US USA 1st ID - 3rd Brigade, US USA 1st ID - Big Red One, US USA 23rd Infantry Regiment, US USA 23rd Infantry Regiment - 3/23, US USA 2nd ID, US USA 2nd Infantry Regiment, US USA 2nd Infantry Regiment - 2/2, US USA 327th Infantry Regiment, US USA 327th Infantry Regiment - 1/327, US USA 327th Infantry Regiment - 1/327 - A (ABU) Co, US USA 327th Infantry Regiment - 1/327 - B Co, US USA 327th Infantry Regiment - 1/327 - Tiger Force Recon, US USA 38th Infantry Regiment, US USA 38th Infantry Regiment - 2/38, US USA 502nd Aviation Bn, US USA 502nd Aviation Bn - A Co, US USA 502nd Infantry Regiment, US USA 502nd Infantry Regiment - 2/502, US USA 502nd Infantry Regiment - 2/502 - C Co, US USA 503rd Infantry Regiment, US USA 503rd Infantry Regiment - 1/503, US USA 503rd Infantry Regiment - 2/503, US USA 70th Engineer Bn, US USA 7th ID, US USA 8th Army, US USA 937th Engineer Group, US USA 9th Cavalry Regiment, US USA 9th Cavalry Regiment - 1/9 - F Troop, US USA 9th Cavalry Regiment - 1/9 - Headhunters, US USA Col David Hackworth, US USA Col Jack Jacobs (MOH), US USA Fort Benning GA, US USA Fort Benning GA - Airborne School, US USA Fort Benning GA - IOAC Infantry Officers Advanced Course, US USA Fort Benning GA - NCOCC NCO Candidate Course, US USA Fort Benning GA - Ranger School, US USA Fort Benning GA - US Army Infantry School, US USA Fort Campbell KY, US USA Fort Ord CA, US USA Fort Ord CA - USATC US Army Training Center, US USA General Barry McCaffrey, US USA General Charles H Bonesteel III, US USA General Creighton Abrams, US USA General Fred C. Weyand, US USA General Frederick Koresen, US USA General James A. Hollingsworth, US USA General John Guthrie, US USA General John Heintges, US USA General John McGiffert, US USA General John R. McGiffert, US USA General Normal Schwarzkopf, US USA General Ray Lynch, US USA General Thomas Kennan, US USA General Willard Pearson, US USA General William Coleman, US USA General William Enemark, US USA General William Westmoreland, US USA LRRP Team (Vietnam War), US USA United States Army, US USA USSF Green Berets, US USA USSF Special Forces, US USA USSF Team ODA-221, US USA USSF Team ODA-222, US USA Walter Reed Hospital, US USAF 21st TASS - Rash FAC, US USAF 21st TASS - Sundog FAC, US USAF United States Air Force, US USMC 3rd Marines - 3/3, US USMC United States Marine Corps, US USN NPS Naval Postgraduate School CA, US USN United States Navy, US USN USS Newport News (CA-148), US USN USS Pueblo (AGER 2), USMA West Point, USMA West Point - Camp Buckner, USSR, USSR 1st Secretary Nikita Khrushchev, USSR General Secretary of the Communist Party Leonid Brezhnev, VNM 1968 Tet Offensive (1968) (Vietnam War), VNM 1972 Easter Offensive / Nguyen Hue (1972) (Vietnam War), VNM An Khe, VNM An Loc, VNM An Ninh, VNM Assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem (1963) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of An Loc (1972) (1972 Easter Offensive) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Camp Holloway (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Dak To (1967) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Dien Bien Phu (1954) (French Indochina War), VNM Battle of Hue City (1968) (Tet Offensive) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Ia Drang Valley (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Saigon (1968) (Tet Offensive) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Tan Son Nhut (1968) (Tet Offensive) (Vietnam War), VNM Bien Hoa, VNM Binh Dinh Province, VNM Binh Long Province, VNM Buddhist Crisis (1963) (Vietnam War), VNM Cam Ranh Bay, VNM Camp Carroll (Vietnam War), VNM Camp Evans (Vietnam War), VNM Camp Holloway (Vietnam War), VNM Central Highlands, VNM Cham People, VNM Cholon, VNM Cholon - Binh Xuyen (Cholon Mafia), VNM Chon Thanh District, VNM Chu Lai, VNM Cua Viet River, VNM Cung Son Special Forces Camp (Vietnam War), VNM Da Nang, VNM Dak To, VNM Di An, VNM DMZ Demilitarized Zone - 17th Parallel (Vietnam War), VNM Dong Ba Thin, VNM Dong Ba Thin Special Forces Camp (Vietnam War), VNM Dong Tre, VNM Dong Tre Special Forces Camp (Vietnam War), VNM DRV Ho Chi Minh, VNM DRV NVA 320B Division, VNM DRV NVA 7th Division, VNM DRV NVA 95th Regiment, VNM DRV NVA 95th Regiment - 5th Bn, VNM DRV NVA Communist B2 Front, VNM DRV NVA General Tran Van Tra, VNM DRV NVA General Vo Nguyen Giap, VNM DRV NVA North Vietnamese Army, VNM DRV Party Secretary Le Duan, VNM DRV Politburo Central Military Committee, VNM DRV VC 5th Division, VNM DRV VC 9th Division, VNM DRV VC Viet Cong, VNM DRV VM Viet Minh, VNM Emperor Minh Manh, VNM FRA 1st Vietnamese Paratroop Bn (French Indochina War), VNM FRA French Expeditionary Corps (French Indochina War), VNM French Indochina War (1946-1954), VNM FSB Mai Loc (Vietnam War), VNM FSB Sarge (Vietnam War), VNM FSB Than Khai (Vietnam War), VNM Gulf of Tonkin Incident (1964) (Vietnam War), VNM Heiu Xuong District, VNM Highway 1, VNM Highway 13 - Thunder Road, VNM Highway 19, VNM Highway 9, VNM Hill 169, VNM Hill 65, VNM Hill 875, VNM Hue, VNM Hue - Le Huan St, VNM Hue - The Citadel, VNM I Corps (Vietnam War), VNM Ia Drang Valley, VNM II Corps (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps (Vietnam War), VNM IV Corps (Vietnam War), VNM Kontum, VNM Kontum Province, VNM Lai Khe, VNM Loc Ninh, VNM LZ Albany (Vietnam War), VNM LZ Sally (Vietnam War), VNM LZ X-Ray (Vietnam War), VNM Mekong Delta, VNM Montagnard, VNM My Canh, VNM My Chanh River, VNM My Lai, VNM My Lai Massacre (1968) (Vietnam War), VNM My Phu, VNM Nha Trang, VNM Nhon Co, VNM Ninh Thuan Province, VNM Operation Arc Light (1965-1973) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Checkerboard (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Dong Tien (1970) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Flaming Dart (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Hump (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Lam Son 72 (1972) (1972 Easter Offensive) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Linebacker I (1972) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Linebacker II (1972) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation MacArthur (1967-1969) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Sayonara (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Silver Bayonet I (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Van Buren (1965) (Vietnam War), VNM Phan Rang, VNM Phan Thiet, VNM Phu Bai, VNM Phu Sen, VNM Phu Yen Province, VNM Phung Ha, VNM Pleiku, VNM Quang Tri, VNM Quang Tri - Citadel, VNM Quang Tri Province, VNM Qui Nhon, VNM RVN ARVN 11th Airborne Bn, VNM RVN ARVN 15th Regiment, VNM RVN ARVN 18th ID, VNM RVN ARVN 1st ID, VNM RVN ARVN 20th Tank Regiment, VNM RVN ARVN 21st ID, VNM RVN ARVN 31st Regiment, VNM RVN ARVN 3rd ID, VNM RVN ARVN 56th Regiment, VNM RVN ARVN 5th Airborne Bn, VNM RVN ARVN 5th ID, VNM RVN ARVN 6th Airborne Bn, VNM RVN ARVN 8th Airborne Bn, VNM RVN ARVN 9th Airborne Bn, VNM RVN ARVN 9th ID, VNM RVN ARVN Airborne Division - Su-Doan Nhay Du, VNM RVN ARVN Army of the Republic of Vietnam, VNM RVN ARVN CIDG Civilian Irregular Defense Group, VNM RVN ARVN General Cao Van Vien, VNM RVN ARVN General Du Quoc Dong, VNM RVN ARVN General Hoang Xuan Lam, VNM RVN ARVN General Le Van Hung, VNM RVN ARVN General Ngo Quang Truong, VNM RVN ARVN General Nguyen Van Minh, VNM RVN ARVN General Vu Van Giai, VNM RVN Madame Nhu (Tran Le Xuan), VNM RVN Marines, VNM RVN Ngo Dinh Diem, VNM RVN Ngo Dinh Nhu, VNM RVN Nguyen Van Thieu, VNM RVN SVNAF Da Nang Airbase, VNM RVN SVNAF South Vietnamese Air Force, VNM Saigon, VNM Saigon - Missouri BOQ (Vietnam War), VNM Saigon - Pham Van Hai St, VNM Saigon - US Embassy (Vietnam War), VNM Srok Ton Cui, VNM Tan Khai, VNM Tan Son Nhut Air Base, VNM Tan Son Nhut Air Base - Camp Alpha (Vietnam War), VNM Thach Han River, VNM Thanh Binh, VNM Thanh Hoi, VNM Tuy Hoa, VNM US MAAG Military Assistance Advisory Group Vietnam (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV AAG Army Advisory Group (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV ADAT Advisory Team 162 (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV ADAT Airborne Division Assistance Team (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV Advisory Teams (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV BCAT Battalion Combat Assistance Teams (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV DCAT Division Combat Asisstant Team (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV FRAC First Regional Assistance Command (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV Military Assistance Command Vietnam (Vietnam War), VNM US MACV TRAC Third Regional Assistance Command (Vietnam War), VNM US Project 100000 (Vietnam War), VNM US USA 3rd Field Hospital - Saigon (Vietnam War), VNM US USA 85th Evacuation Hospital - Phu Bai (Vietnam War), VNM US USA 8th Field Hospital - Nha Trang (Vietnam War), VNM USA TF Hackworth (Vietnam War), VNM Vietnam, VNM Vietnam War (1955-1975), VNM Vung Tau, VNM War Zone D (Vietnam War), VNM Windy Hill Rating: ★★★★ (4 Stars) Subject: Books.Military.20th-21st Century.Asia.Vietnam War.ARVN.Airborne Division, Books.Military.20th-21st Century.Asia.Vietnam War.Specops.LRRPs, Books.Military.20th-21st Century.Asia.Vietnam War.US Army.Advisor, Books.Military.20th-21st Century.Asia.Vietnam War.US Army.Infantry
Description: Fresh out of West Point, John Howard arrived for his first tour in Vietnam in 1965, the first full year of escalation when U.S. troop levels increased to 184,000 from 23,000 the year before. When he returned for a second tour in 1972, troop strength stood at 24,000 and would dwindle to a mere 50 the following year. He thus participated in the very early and very late stages of American military involvement in the Vietnam War. His two tours—one as a platoon commander and member of an elite counterguerrilla force, the second as a senior advisor to the South Vietnamese—provide a fascinating lens through which to view not only one soldier’s experience in Vietnam, but also the country’s. **
Review: Let me first say that I did enjoy this book - to a degree. That's why it gets 4 stars. But it's important to know that this is not a great book, which with the authors experiences, it really could have been. One of the biggest deficiencies is that he spends more time telling than showing. Good books of this genre give you a first hand view of what happened and what someone experienced. This book is very light on that, especially during his 1965 tour. It gets better with his Korean and Advisor experiences later on, but only just. Instead you get a lot of history of Vietnam, a lot of history of what happened, who went where, what they did. It's all very strategic and 1000 foot level when what this book is supposed to be is very in the weeds at the 1 foot personal experience level. This is a man who participated in a lot of intense operations, worked with incredible people like Foley and Hackworth, and was both a part of ABU and Tiger Recon with the 101st. But you never really get a feel for what it was like to be a member of either. You never get to experience a recon mission, though he was a part of many. You just know that x unit moved to y place, and then this is what happened / this was the outcome.
You get a good overview of the battles, the war, and even a few of the people, but very little else from his time with the 101st.
His time in Korea is a bit better and gives you a good understanding of what happened and some incidents and the people. Also his time as an Advisor is also more personal as well. So maybe it's just a memory thing and things from 72 are easily recalled vs 65.
One thing you'll notice is a lot of ring knocking and naming of generals... so many generals. So just... be prepared for that.
Overall though, a decent book... he needs to work on the tell vs show more than anything. Up next, going to read Foley's Special Men. I always loved Foley's fictional writing, so I have high hopes for his book about his time with Tiger Recon and other units. I have a feeling it's going to be a good compliment to this book.
#Books#Ebooks#Booklr#Bookblr#101st Airborne#US Army#Tiger Recon#MACV#Vietnam War#History#Military History#Non Fiction#Korea#Korean War#ARVN#ARVN Airborne
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Today is the 40th anniversary of the Hezbollah attack on the US Marine peacekeeping forces in their barracks in Beirut, Lebanon, and the barracks of the French 1st and 9th Parachute Regiments. Both barracks were driven into by massive truck bombs early that Sunday morning. Two-hundred-forty-one U.S. Marines, Sailors, and Soldiers, as well as 58 French paratroopers died that day. Many more were wounded. In 2001 I served as Chaplain for the Marine Battalion that was at Beirut, the 1st Battalion, 8th Marines. Our Chief Hospital Corpsman was a young Navy Corpsman who was wounded at Beirut. I cannot forgot that day. I was a young Army Lieutenant attending a course at Fort Knox. I couldn’t sleep and was watching CNN when the news broke about the attack, those images were burned into my mind and I never expected to serve with that unit 18 years later. When I was at Camp LeJeune on my second tour there, I would visit the memorial to those killed in Beirut. It was always a sobering experience to stand there and read the names of our fallen. Most of the dead were close to my age at the time of their deaths. Young men on a mission of peace, killed by the predecessors of the terrorists who are threatening to unleash hell today.
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His fly is open and ready for business.
#Marine Forces Reserve#4th Marine Division#Charlie Company#1st Battalion#23rd Marine Regiment#24th Marine Regiment#25th Marine Regiment#MFRSuperSquad18#Super Squad#Anchorage#Alaska#Joint Base Elmendorf Richardson#3rd Battalion#Kilo Company#United States#US#Marines#Marine Corps#Marine Corps Reserve#4th Marine Logistics Group#4th Marine Aircraft Wing#Force Headquarters Group#New Orleans#community service#augment#reinforce#support#usmc
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Helfert, “Joachim Murat”, Chapter 5, Part 1
(Continuing with the text, as there seem to be no letters or documents for chapter 4. The next document Helfert cites is already Murat’s proclamation from September 1815.)
5. King Ferdinand and Prince Leopold
May to September 1815.
On May 21, Prince Leopold arrived from Teano at Bianchi's main quarter. In an appeal to the Neapolitans he made them aware of his arrival and assured them of the conciliatory and benevolent disposition of his royal father. The Abruzzi, Molise Capitanata, Terra di Lavoro had already declared themselves for their old royal house; there was no doubt about the voluntary adherence of the other provinces, least of all that of the two Calabrias.
In Capua, the agreement of the 20th had scarcely become known when all order broke down in the Carascosa division, which formed the garrison, the only one where a trace of discipline remained. By use of force, they pushed their way out of the city towards Naples. Guglielmo Pepe, otherwise very popular with the army, strove in vain to maintain the soldiers in line of duty; he, like the other officers, had lost their prestige, no order was heeded any more. In the city, which had been evacuated by the troops, the Muratists attempted an uprising and opened the gates of the prisons. Pepe sent an express messenger to the imperial headquarters with the request that he be allowed to move in as soon as possible, and then rode after his fugitive soldiers into the capital. Two squadrons of hussars were ordered from the Austrian camp, and their appearance restored order.
The situation appeared more ominous in the capital, where Caroline Murat, after having renounced the title and functions of a regent, had to seek refuge in the Fort dell'Uovo. All the streets were filled with wild mobs, to whom the numerous military fugitives had to surrender their weapons. Murat's coats of arms, colours, insignia, everything that could recall the rule of the overthrown son of the Revolution, were torn down, the amaranth of the Bourbons and the name of Ferdinand took their place. In between, shrill shouts: "Death to Joachim! Death to the French!" Some of the latter, caught up in these wild mobs, fell victim to the popular fury. The citizen's guard wanted to keep order, but their mere appearance, as a Muratian institution, aroused rage and outbursts of anger; they gave fire to the mutineers, whose savagery was only increased by it. Terrified, the queen, accompanied by Agar, Zurlo, Macdonald and a few other faithful, left the fort to seek shelter on Campbell's ship. The night of the 21st to the 22nd of May was one of the most terrifying that had been experienced in Naples since 1799. A city of 400,000 inhabitants exposed to a mob of 40 to 50,000 heads of the wildest rabble! In addition, as always on such occasions, the criminals rattled at their dungeon doors, the Lazzaroni made efforts to free 600 galley convicts by force. Blood had already been shed on both sides. Deputations of the nobility and the bourgeoisie rushed to Capua to ask the imperial commander-in-chief to occupy the city without delay, although according to the military convention this was not to take place until the 23rd. The same request was made by Mme Murat to the British Commodore, who put several hundred men ashore and ordered them to move into the city, where they were joined by the extremely hard-pressed civil defence. Bianchi also hurriedly ordered General Neipperg to Naples, who set off with two cavalry regiments and a battery on horseback and arrived on the 22nd at two o'clock in the morning, just in time to assist the armed citizens and Campbell's marines, who were defending the royal palace with their last forces against the onslaught of the ravening mob. Order was soon restored and law and order reigned again.
But the two days of rampages and fighting had cost about a hundred lives; the number of wounded was much greater. Sent by Leopold, Prince Atajano arrived in the capital and had the proclamations of the king and the prince made known, which caused joy everywhere. The people, quickly transformed, cheered the Austrians wherever they appeared. San Genuaro himself, it was said among the Lazzaroni, had served the cannons of the imperials. In the evening the city was festively illuminated.
On the 23rd, Bianchi's columns set out from Capua. The magnificent road via Aversa to Naples, through the middle of the most luxuriant stretch of land in the old world, was strewn with discarded shotguns, sabres, cartridge bags, etc.; 22 cannons, 97 ammunition carts, 2 field forges, abandoned by their covering, also fell into the hands of the Austrians.
This made me laugh because it almost sounds as if the Austrians had been especially indignant that the Neapolitans had littered the beautiful landscape with all that rubbish. »Now look at that! Pick that up, boys, we’ll return their waste to them and teach’em to dispose of it properly.«
Then, amidst excessive displays of joy by the population, with music and all the pomp of war, Bianchi and Burghersh, in their midst Prince Leopold of Sicily, made their entry into the city. On the 26th the Prince went with a large escort to the cathedral, where a solemn thanksgiving service was held. The streets of the capital were filled with officers from various countries: Sicilian with English uniforms, Neapolitan with French uniforms, British, Tuscan, Modenese, and the first and most numerous of all: Austrian. City and country paid homage to the imperial colours. On 28 May, General Napoletani surrendered the fortress of Pescara, on 29 Montemajor the fort of Ancona. Only in Gaëta, from the bare rock whose battlements crown the old Torre d'Orlando, the French-Napolitan tricolour still flew lonely and deserted. General Begani refused to surrender, and it was necessary to make arrangements for a formal siege.
Caroline Murat was still in the Gulf. From on board the Tremendous, the unfortunate princess had to hear the celebrations, the salvos of the cannons, all the festive noise and hubbub, the city lights, the bonfires on the surrounding heights, with which the son of her victorious rival was greeted by those who had cheered her and her husband a few weeks, even days before. Admiral Exmouth would not hear of the promise Campbell had made to her about a communication to the British Cabinet; he claimed that the Commodore had not been authorised to make such a concession. Caroline asked Count Neipperg, whom she had known personally since January 1814, for an interview, not as a princess but as a person seeking protection. She declared her intention to give herself into the power of Austria, and so, with the consent of Prince Leopold and Lord Burghersh, an agreement was reached according to which Caroline, who took the name of a "Countess of Lipona" (an anagram of "Napoli"), was to be taken with her family for the time being to Trieste to await the resolution of Emperor Francis. She sent for her children from Gaëta; on the Austrian side, Major Baron Sunstenau was to escort the abandoned woman. She still received individual visits from her husband's faithful, to whom she confidently expressed her optimism that not four months would pass and she would return to her throne, for Napoleon would not tolerate the Austrians in Italy.
That last bit is, according to a footnote, from General Pepe’s memoirs (and thus possibly to be taken with a grain of salt):
Pepe I S. 311... From General la Vauguyon, p. 311 f., he learned some details about life at Murat's court, "and especially of the queen, which to me seemed but a dream, and yet very true: that princess thought of nothing else but the crown which she must wear after the death of her husband".
I imagine that of course Caroline would try to console her last followers somehow, even against better judgement.
I had had no idea that things had become so violent in Naples as well. Pretty much the same thing as in Milan in April 1814.
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Solomon Johnson’s answers to a Treasury Department questionnaire, 11/23/1875
“Recruited for the 54. th and 53. Mass-Vols. endeared
to enlist myself was rejected physical disability - was
with the Presidents guards and in other ways con-
tributed - to my country.”
File Unit: Johnson, Solomon, 1822 - 1940
Series: Personnel Files of Notable Treasury Employees, 1822 - 1940
Record Group 56: General Records of the Department of the Treasury, 1775 - 2005
Transcription:
[center margin] Treasury Department,
[rt margin handwritten] November 23rd 1875.
Please answer the following questions, sign your name [italicized] in full, [/italicized] and return this Circular to the Secretary
of the Treasury without delay:
Where were you born ? [handwritten] in Virginia, - Petersburgh -
- I have recently learned that my birth place ~
is Ohio,
What is your age ? [handwritten] 33, years
Are you married ? [handwritten] yes Sir,
Were you ever in the U. S. Army or Navy-either regular or volunteer-or in the Marine Corps ? If
so, state the company, regiment, or vessel.
[handwritten] No - never regularly enlisted -
In what capacity, where, and now long did you serve? Were you honorably discharged ? If so,
when and where ? [blank]
State in what other way you did anything for the Union Army or Union cause during the rebellion.
[handwritten] Recruited for the 54. th and 53. Mass-Vols. endeared
to enlist myself was rejected physical disability - was
with the Presidents guards and in other ways con-
tributed - to my country.
[far rt margin] [two old adhesive marks on paper]
Page 2:
[handwritten] I have no relatives in U.S. Government services
In what Bureau, Office, or Division of this Department are you now employed ?
[handwritten] Warrant Division Secretary's Office,
[italicized] (Sign name in full.) [/italicized]
[rt margin signature] Solomon Johnson [underlined]
[upper margin] [old adhesive marks on paper] [far rt margin] [two old adhesive marks on paper]
#archivesgov#November 23#1875#Abraham Lincoln#President's Guard#Black history#African American history#54th Massachusetts
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Also Today in USMC History... (1918) On the evening of 1 June, German forces punched a hole in the French lines to the left of the Marines' position. In response, the U.S. reserve—consisting of the 23rd Infantry Regiment under Colonel Paul B. Malone, The 1st Battalion, Fifth Marines under Lieutenant Colonel Julius S. Turrill, and an element of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion—conducted a forced march over 10 km (6.2 mi) to plug the gap in the line, which they achieved by dawn. By the night of 2 June, the U.S. forces held a 20 kilometers (12 mi) front line north of the Paris-Metz Highway running through grain fields and scattered woods, from Triangle Farm west to Lucy and then north to Hill 142. The German line opposite ran from Vaux to Bouresches to Belleau
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#Repost @deptvetaffairs • • • • • • Ronald L. Green, a native of Jackson, Mississippi, enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1983. He attended recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot at Parris Island in South Carolina. In March 1984, he was stationed at Camp Pendleton, California, where he served as a field artillery cannoneer in the 11th Marine Regiment. He then reported to Okinawa, Japan, in 1985 and was assigned to Delta Battery, 2nd Battalion, 12th Marine Regiment. In 1987, Green attended Nuclear Field Artillery School and earned the military occupational specialty of Field Artillery Nuclear Projectile man. In 1988, he served as the tower operator for Southern Impact Area Control, or “Long Rifle,” at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. In 1990, he served as a drill instructor at Parris Island. He deployed to South America to support Operation United Americas (UNITAS) for seven months in 2001 with the 23rd Marine Regiment. In 2006, he deployed for seven months with the Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 169 during Operation Iraqi Freedom. In February 2007, he assumed the role of squadron sergeant major for the Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron, 39. In 2010, Green reported to the post of sergeant major for Marine Corps Forces Europe/Marine Corps Forces Africa, in Stuttgart, Germany. Green returned to Camp Pendleton in 2012 and assumed the role of I Marine Expeditionary Force sergeant major. On Jan. 20, 2015, Green was selected to be the 18th sergeant major of the Marine Corps by Gen. Joseph F. Dunford. He assumed the post on Feb. 20, 2015, and served four years and five months, becoming the longest-serving sergeant major of the Marine Corps. Green retired in 2019 as sergeant major of the Marine Corps. Green was awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit with two Gold Stars, a Meritorious Service Medal, the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal with four Gold Stars, and the Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal with two Gold Stars. He earned a B.S. in Cybersecurity and an M.S. in Cybersecurity Policy from the University of Maryland and co-authored the NATO non-commissioned officer’s professional military education reference cur https://www.instagram.com/p/CjDsdCCJlGw/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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Do you have a favourite regiment?
I don’t think I could pick one, but top ones have to be the Black Watch, Royal Scots (both technically battalions of the Royal Regiment of Scotland now), the Grenadier, Coldstream and Scots Guards, and historically speaking the Enniskillen Dragoons, Connaught Rangers and 23rd, 33rd and 71st Foot and the Cameronians. Plus, of course, the British Legion and outfits like the Queen’s Rangers, King’s Orange Rangers and Royal Highland Emmigrants.
Oh and the PARAs, Royal Marines and SAS, because I don’t want them to come and take me out for not being on the list.
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U.S. Marines, with the 23rd Marine Regiment (23D Marines), conduct a Marine Corps Martial Arts Program black belt culminating event on Fort Pickett, Virginia.
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U.S. Marines with Bravo Company, 1st Battalion, 23rd Marine Regiment, 4th Marine Division, Marine Forces Reserve, conduct live-fire training during Range 400 at Marine Corps Air-Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California, as part of Integrated Training Exercise 4-23, June 16, 2023.
(U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Jennifer Delacruz)
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Books of 2023 (★★★★)
Book 75 of 2023 (Last book read of the year!)
Title: Soul Patrol Authors: Ed Emanuel ISBN: 9780891418177
Tags AH-1 Cobra, AUS ADF AA Australian Army, AUS ADF AA Special Air Service (ASAS), AUS ADF Australian Defence Force, B-52 Stratofortress, Boeing 727, CUB Cuban Missile Crisis, KOR Korea, KOR ROK Republic of Korea Army, THA Bangkok, THA Bangkok - Chao Phraya River, THA Bangkok - Floating Marketplace, THA Bangkok - Grand Palace, THA Bangkok - Lumhini Park, THA Bangkok - Siam Hotel, THA Bangkok - Soul Sisters Bar, THA Bangkok - Temple of the Emerald Buddha, THA Bangkok - Wat Phra Kaew, THA Thailand, US CA Watts Riots - Los Angeles (1965), US Martin Luther King Jr (Civil Rights Leader), US OH Kent State University, US OH Kent State University Shootings (1970) (Vietnam War), US PAA Pan American World Airlines, US President John F. Kennedy, US President John F. Kennedy Assassination - Dallas TX (1963), US Senator Robert F. Kennedy, US Senator Robert F. Kennedy Assassination - Los Angeles CA (1968), US USA 101st Airborne Division - Screaming Eagles, US USA 173rd Airborne Brigade - Sky Soldiers, US USA 17th Assault Helicopter Company, US USA 17th Assault Helicopter Company - Kingsmen, US USA 17th Assault Helicopter Company - Lancers, US USA 187th Infantry Regiment, US USA 187th Infantry Regiment - 3/187, US USA 199th Light Infantry Brigade - Redcatchers, US USA 1st ID - Big Red One, US USA 23rd ID - Americal, US USA 334th Armed Helicopter Company, US USA 334th Armed Helicopter Company - Playboys, US USA 506th Infantry Regiment, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP), US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 1/3, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 1/4, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 2/3, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 2/4, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 2/4 - Soul Patrol, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 2/5, US USA 51st Infantry Regiment - F Co (LRP) - Team 2/6, US USA 74th Reconnaissance Airplane Co (RAC), US USA 74th Reconnaissance Airplane Co (RAC) - Aloft, US USA 75th Rangers, US USA 75th Rangers - H Co, US USA 75th Rangers - O Co, US USA 75th Rangers - P Co, US USA 79th Infantry, US USA 79th Infantry Det - P Co (LRP), US USA 82nd Airborne Division - All American, US USA 90th Replacement Bn, US USA ANG Army National Guard, US USA ANG IN 151st Infantry Regiment, US USA ANG IN 151st Infantry Regiment - D Co (LRP), US USA Fort Bragg NC,
US USA Fort Campbell KY, US USA LRRP Team (Vietnam War), US USA United States Army, US USA USSF 5th SFG, US USA USSF Green Berets, US USA USSF Special Forces, US USA USSF Team ODB-52, US USMC 1st MarDiv, US USMC Force Recon, US USMC United States Marine Corps, US USN Naval Station Treasure Island CA, US USN SEALS, US USN United States Navy, VNM 1968 Tet Offensive (1968) (Vietnam War), VNM 1969 Mini-Tet Offensive (1969) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Dong Ap Bia (Hamburger Hill) (Operation Apache Snow) (1969) (Vietnam War), VNM Battle of Hamburger Hill (Dong Ap Bia) (Operation Apache Snow) (1969) (Vietnam War), VNM Bearcat Base / Long Thanh North Airfield (Vietnam War), VNM Bien Hoa, VNM Cam Ranh Bay, VNM Camp Lindsey-Lattin (Vietnam War), VNM Central Highlands, VNM Cu Chi, VNM Dong Ap Bia (Hill 937), VNM DRV Ho Chi Minh, VNM DRV NVA General Vo Nguyen Giap, VNM DRV NVA North Vietnamese Army, VNM DRV NVA/VC Counterreconnaisssance Bn., VNM DRV VC Viet Cong, VNM Highway 1, VNM Ho Bo Woods, VNM Hon Tre (Bamboo Island), VNM II Corps (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps - AO Ace (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps - AO Catchers Mitt (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps - AO Miller (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps - AO Scout (Vietnam War), VNM III Corps (Vietnam War), VNM Long Binh Post (Vietnam War), VNM Montagnards, VNM My Lai, VNM My Lai Massacre (1968) (Vietnam War), VNM Nha Trang, VNM Nha Trang - 5th SFG Recondo School (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Apache Snow (1969) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Arc Light (1965-1973) (Vietnam War), VNM Operation Ranch Hand (1962-1971) (Vietnam War), VNM Phu Bai, VNM RVN ARVN Army of the Republic of Vietnam, VNM RVN ARVN CIDG Civilian Irregular Defense Group, VNM Saigon, VNM Tay Ninh, VNM US Agent Orange (Vietnam War), VNM US Project Delta - Det B-52 (Vietnam War), VNM US USA 6th Convalescent Hospital - Cam Ranh Bay, VNM US USA II Field Force (1966-1971) (Vietnam War), VNM US USA II Field Force V - G-3 (1966-1971) (Vietnam War), VNM US USA II Field Force V (1966-1971) (Vietnam War), VNM US USSF 5th SFOB Special Forces Operation Base - Nha Trang, VNM Vietnam, VNM Vietnam War (1955-1975), VNM Vung Tau, VNM War Zone D
Rating: ★★★★ Subject: Books.Military.20th-21st Century.Asia.Vietnam War.Specops.LRRPs, Books.Military.20th-21st Century.SpecOps.US.LRRPs
Description: LRRPs had to be the best.Anything less meant certain death.When Ed Emanuel was handpicked for the first African American special operations LRRP team in Vietnam, he knew his six-man team couldn’t have asked for a tougher proving ground than Cu Chi in the summer of 196868. Home to the largest Viet cong tunnel complex in Vietnam, Cu Chi was the deadly heart of the enemy’s stronghold in Tay Ninh Province. Team 2/6 of Company F, 51st Infantry, was quickly dubbed the Soul Patrol, a gimmicky label that belied the true depth of their courage. Stark and compelling, Emanuel’s account provides an unforgettable look at the horror and the heroism that became the daily fare of LRRPs in Vietnam. Every mission was a tightrope walk between life and death as Emanuel’s team penetrated NVA bases, sidestepped lethal booby traps, or found themselves ambushed and forced to fight their way back to the LZ to survive. Emanuel’s gripping memoir is an enduring testament to the valor of all American LRRPs, who courageously risked their lives so that others might be free.From the Paperback edition.
#Book#Books#Ebook#Ebooks#Booklr#Bookblr#history#military history#vietnam war#us army#LRRPS#51st Infantry Regiment
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#Interoperability#Combined Training#Disaster Relief#SOUTHCOM#Tradewinds#Security Cooperation#Exercise Tradewinds 2012#Barbados Defense Force#Headquarters Company#23rd Marine Regiment#4th Marine Division#pistol#shooting#Marine Forces South#U.S. Southern Command#Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff#inter-agency#multinational#exercise#Caribbean#Partner#Defense Forces#constabularies#security#counternarcotic#Counter Transnational Organized Crime#Humanitarian Assistance#Marine Corps#Marine#Army
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Siberian forces sent reinforcements to fight in the Winterland war against Knet and Mnet forces. Alongside Frenchnya and Shaatganistan, they fought with the Afrikaner Forces and Palaestina Orthodox Phalange. Winterlands and Trench wars in Trenchnya is the 2 place where Siberian Forces was stationed. They contributed 20,000 troops for each locations. Siberians and Finns, with the Karelian brigade defeated the Mnet forces from South Trenchnya.
Siberian Authoritarian Faction, are one of Russia’s and Casmania’s allies. Together with the 2 Confederate nations in USA and Tropentarctica. Their elite troopers and Infantry aided the Germans and Baltic people against the Knetz who invaded Europe. Wurttemberg and Bavaria allied with the Siberians to free Western Europe from immigrant infestation and Globalist threat. Nations were divided in Europe. Half of each of their territories are owned by Far-right officials.
Azeri legion was one of the Azeris who defected to the Entente’s side during the Anti-Turkish war. Most Azeris converted to Christianity, those who remained muslim still joined the legion’s ranks. They are recruited in exchange for their freedom, some who returned to Azerbaijan came back to join, most of them converted to Greek Catholic and Syriac Orthodox after they pledge allegiance with the Entente led by Casmania. Russian, Ukrainian and Georgian Azerbaijanis joined the legion too. Azeri legion fought alongside the Chilean-Argentinian Corps in the New Korean Peninsula war. They are attach to the 23rd Marine Infantry Regiment of the American Confederate Army.
State of Sloves
The state of Sloves has already been at war since the Great war of liberation. Sloves also participated in sending troops to aide the Coalition entente against Knetz. Sloves was inhabited and populated by Slovenian, Yugoslav, Italian and German settlers who migrated to Tropentarctica in order to escape the allied invasion of Europe during the Axis’ final days. They began to resettle and build a civilization and named it Sloves, they speak Tropenische, a Germanic language with slavic and romance origins spoken by settlers. Sloves started to form it’s military and gendarmerie and Constabulary forces during their second year of settlement. They used to be an armed militia and Paramilitary forces who held skirmishes with Turks. During the Cold War, former IRA members joined the Slove Military, number of Sorbs who converted to Orthodox and Eastern Catholic moved to Sloves during the communist era. After the end of the Apartheid and the fall of Rhodesia. Afrikaners/Boers and Rhodesians fled to Sloves and some certain areas in Tropentarctica. Sloves northern region experienced a deadly conflict against Knetz. The war of the Northern Region ended in 2025 after the expulsion of the knetz and ending of civil wars. Sloves is one of the richest nations in Tropentarctica alongside Casmania and South Tropentarctica
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Lt Col Samuel Wesley Freeny Memorial at St Marks, Ralph, Delaware
Samuel Wesley Freeny/Freeney was the son of Samuel Wesley Freeney (1860 - 1899) and Martha Anne Ralph (1859 - 1933). He was born and raised in Wicomico County, Maryland, and received his early education there. He would later attend and graduate St. John's Military Academy in Delafield, Wisconsin. The 1900 US Census shows the family as living in Delmar, Wicomico County, Maryland. Samuel's mother was a widow at this point. The following family members were living in the home at this time: Head Martha A Freeny F 41 Delaware Son Barton R Freeny M 17 Maryland Son R Lee Freeny M 14 Maryland Dau Bessie E Freeny F 10 Maryland Son Samuel W Freeny M 4 Maryland Sam was the husband of Bertha S. Obery who he married in Maryland, and was the father of a son, Samuel W. Freeny, Jr, (he would actually have been the third). Sam was commissioned an Officer of Marines effective 4/19/1917. His first assignment after he completed his officer training at Quantico, Virginia, was with the 93rd Company, 7th Marine Regiment, Deer Point, Guantanamo, Cuba. He had a distinguished career serving both stateside postings as well as overseas posts in the Haiti, back to Cuba, Philippines and China. He steadily rose in rank and was a Lieutenant Colonel by 1941 stationed in China. In November, 1941, orders were given for the 4th Marine Regiment to depart from Shanghai, China, where they had been operating for the previous 15 years. This departure was due to the growing Japanese military influence in the area and the fact that the marines were grossly outnumbered. The Regiment, consisting of two small battalions, a headquarters unit and the regimental band, left China on the 27th and 28th and sailed to the Philippines. LtCol Freeny was the Executive Officer of the regiment and was assigned to the Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 4th Marines (Commander was LtCol Curtis T. Beecher) and they were sent to the Marine Barracks, Olongapo Navy Yard, Philippines. At approximately 0300 hours on the morning of 12/8/1941, word was received of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Reveille was sounded and LtCol Freeny addressed the men of his unit while still in his nightshirt, about the attack and that the United States was at war with the Empire of Japan. On 12/14/1941, Japanese bombers attacked the Olongapo/Subic Bay area. Ten days later, the order was given to burn the Subic Bay Navy Base and withdraw. Olongapo was set aflame in anticipation of Japanese troop arrival. The USS NEW YORK was scuttled in Subic Bay to prevent it from falling into Japanese hands. When the American forces made a last-ditch stand on the Bataan peninsula, the Naval Station was abandoned and most of its facilities were burned before the Japanese arrived. The 11,000 defenders fought bravely for 6 months with their final battle being conducted at Corregidor when they finally surrendered to the Japanese forces. LtCol Freeny had been wounded on 4/29/1942. During the battle at Corregidor, LtCol Freeny organized a platoon of men he gathered from the Malinta Tunnel, to reinforce the beleaguered 1st Battalion. One of the U.S. Army enlisted men he acquired complained, "I've never fired a rifle before. I'm in the finance department!" Freeny replied, "You just go out and draw their fire and the Marines will pick them off." LtCol Freeny was captured by the Japanese after the fall of Corregidor, on 5/6/1942. After two years of imprisonment in the Philippines, the decision was made to move the POW's to Japan where they would basically be used as slave labor. The Oryoku Maru was a Japanese passenger cargo ship which was commissioned by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II as a troop transport and prisoner of war transport ship. Japanese POW transport ships are often referred to as "hell ships", due to their horrendous living conditions and the many deaths that occurred on board. The Oryoku Maru left Manila on 12/13/1944, with 1,620 prisoners-of-war, mostly American, packed in the holds, and 1,900 Japanese civilians and military personnel in the cabins. As the ship neared the naval base at Olongapo in Subic Bay, US Navy planes from the USS HORNET attacked the unmarked ship damaging it. The Japanese civilians and troops were immediately evacuated back to shore. After two days, the Japanese told the POW's they had to take off their shoes and hats and swim to shore. Soon thereafter, American planes again attacked the ship, causing it to sink on 12/15/1944. At the time of the attack, about 100 prisoners had already died from suffocation or dehydration during the two nights at sea. Nearly 200 others were killed in the bombing or shot in the water as they tried to escape. The survivors of the sinking were held for several days in an open tennis court at Olongapo Naval Base. While there, the prisoners were afforded no sanitary conditions whatsoever. Prisoners experienced severe mistreatment, and several deaths occurred. The remaining prisoners were later transported by train to San Fernando, La Union. About 1,000 of the survivors were loaded on another Japanese ship, the Enoura Maru, while the rest boarded the smaller Brazil Maru. Both ships reached Takao (Kaohsiung) harbor in Taiwan on New Year's Day, where the smaller group of prisoners was transferred from Brazil Maru to Enoura Maru, and 37 British and Dutch were taken ashore. However, on January 9, the Enoura Maru was bombed and disabled while in harbor, killing about 350 men. The survivors were put aboard the Brazil Maru which arrived in Moji, Japan, on 1/29/1945. Only 550 of the 900+ who sailed from Taiwan were still alive. 161 more men died in Japan, Taiwan, and Korea in the coming months leaving only 403 survivors of the original 1620 to be liberated from camps in Kyushu, Korea, Manchuria, and Taiwan in August and September 1945. However, LtCol Freeny was not among them. On 12/21/1944, while still housed in the POW camp at the Olongapo Naval Base, Col. Beecher and the POW doctor's, were ordered by the Japanese to select the 15 most ill prisoners for transport to Manila for medical care. One of those selected was Col. Beecher's XO, LtCol Freeny. He was very weak and was suffering from partial paralysis by this time and was the only Marine selected to go. The men were loaded up on a truck at 1900 hours on the 23rd and driven about two miles away from the camp to an old cemetery. A large pit had been dug and the men were forced to kneel at the edge of the pit and each one was bayoneted and/or beheaded and thrown into the pit. After the war the bodies were recovered and the families of those who could be identified were notified. LtCol Freeny's wife Bertha, requested that his remains be returned to the United States for burial at the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, were he now lies next to her (she died in 1980). Lieutenant Colonel Samuel W. Freeny earned the following badges/decorations for his service during World War I and World War II: - Combat Action Ribbon - Purple Heart Medal with Gold Star (2nd Award) - Prisoner of War Medal - China Service Medal - Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal - American Defense Service Medal with device - Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with bronze battle/campaign star(s) - World War I Victory Medal - World War II Victory Medal - Philippine Defense Medal with bronze campaign star - Philippine Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon - Marine Corps Marksmanship Badge
Write up from find a Grave
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THEME: MILITIA ACT OF 1792 | MILITIA ACT OF 1862 - MILITIA ACT OF JUNE 15 1864 | THE 9TH AND 10TH US CAVALRY | 24TH AND 25TH US INFANTRY | FIVE AFRICAN-AMERICAN VOLUNTEER ARMY UNITS AND SEVEN AFRICAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL GUARD UNITS | HARLEM HELLFIGHTERS | CORPORAL FREDDIE STOWERS, 2ND LIEUTENANT VERNON BAKER AND THE SIX OTHER AFRICAN-AMERICANS WHO WERE AWARDED THE MEDAL OF HONOR | MEMORIAL DAY
Marines-"You can make use of Blacks and Mulattoes while you recruit, but you cannot enlist them." | The Militia Act of 1862, enacted July 17, 1862, was legislation that allowed African-Americans to participate as war laborers and soldiers for the first time to free up white men to be combat soldiers | On the Confederate side, blacks, both free and slave, were used for labor. In the final months of the war, the Confederate Army was desperate for additional soldiers so the Confederate Congress voted to recruit black troops for combat; they were to be promised their freedom. Units were in training when the war ended, and none served in combat. | Many black regiments struggled for equal pay, some refusing any money until June 15, 1864, when Congress granted equal pay for all black soldiers. | President James Madison "if his negroes would not run on the approach of the British?" replied: "No Sir…they don't know how to run; they will die by their guns first." | Volunteer Army: 7th United States Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 8th United States Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 9th United States Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 10th United States Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 11th United States Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) National Guard:
3rd Alabama Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 8th Illinois Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) Companies A and B, 1st Indiana Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 23rd Kansas Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 3rd North Carolina Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 9th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) 6th Virginia Volunteer Infantry (Colored Troops) Of these units, only the 9th U.S., 8th Illinois, and 23rd Kansas served outside the United States during the war. All three units served in Cuba and suffered no losses to combat
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