#that making a point of that from the standpoint of a movement or moral activism

[caputvulpinum]

hey there, big fan of your posts on veganism (i’m not being ironic i genuinely am!)! would you say however that it’s fair to say that IF you have the capacity and ability to do so, you should strive to at least reduce the amount of meat/fish/dairy/etc you consume? with how much the fishing industry for example pollutes and kills and destroys biodiversity etc etc i personally think it’s a bit :// to still support the (intensive, consumerist, not-indigenous practice) industry. obviously not including cultural regional practices + culling of invasive etc etc. i hope this message doesn’t sound mean or rude or anything, god knows you get too many of those on the regular

Thank you! And yeh I will literally never (intentionally) go aggro on someone who is acting in good faith you don't gotta worry.

My problem with the idea of "If you can, reduce" is that I absolutely agree. I think that if you are able to, you should aim to shop local and eat less red meat constantly. But I personally have not really met someone who this would truly, genuinely apply to.

This is because the ability to have that level of fine control over your diet is one which automatically requires you to have an abundance of privilege in nearly every conceivable way. Less harm and working towards better solutions must be the goal, but who among us on average can actually afford these dietary restrictions, be it health or financial?

I guess what I'm trying to get at is, like so many other things--in the realpolitik of dietary "activism", the people who are already inclined to seek to end consumerism are in the least likely position to be able to do so effectively. The systems we live under make it so that if you feel passionate about, for example, ending inhumane treatment of animals in factory farms, you are likely directly negatively effected by this system, and you are almost certainly the kind of person who has to pay out to those farms no matter what you believe.

I'm unwilling to be alright with assigning moral judgement values to poor people who need to eat and keep the lights on in their homes. The nature of this discussion is one which will always end up treating poor people like dogshit. This is still working under the same currently fallacious principles of veganism, just more moderate. But the fact of the matter is that any food-based activism which relies on choosing to eat certain ways will always villify poor people and set its movement against us because we cannot afford to choose this sort of activism.

[hypnoticcastiel]

The Israel-Palestine conflict explained on basis of historic facts, logical thinking and zero-brainwash by any of the 2 factions. One must know history to understand actions and motivations, especially when a conflict happens between people who think that their side has to have the upper hand and be morally more correct than the other. Fools, idiots and brainwashed 100%-pro-Israel won't read this, but YOU as an individual capable of critical thinking might find this interesting. A lot of stuff is not teached in school, and even i had to refresh many details even though i studied international politics for some years. Let us begin, but also let us feel compassion and mourn the loss of life on all sides. International diplomacy is the only way forward and sadly there's too much warmongering right now to focus on that. I give you simple to understand points and encourage you to share this post with anybody in the western world who might need updated info!

Over the course of thousands of years many cultural groups, ethnic groups, immigrant people, native born people and conquering powers ruled over the region that is nowadays Palestine. Based on this simple fact and that humans create traditions, links, compassion for their homes and so on, it's not surprising that BOTH groups of people/faiths claim to have historic roots in the same region. The point here: While european Jews (+/- radical zionist factions within the jewish community [Zion: the old homeland] started to immigrate in decades of immigration waves into the region, nobody cared much about the arabic/palestinian people who normally already lived there since 1000+ years.

Things got complicated when throwing the colonial powers like Great Britain into the cauldron of chaos. Irrational political decisions in London, the ignorance towards the actual people of Palestine at the end of the 19th century, tiny stones are literally thrown against a fragile building made of glass. The point here: Palestinian fears of more and more foreigners/europeans/zionists [from their perspective] entering an already populated region with established social, cultural and economic system might cause damage and unrest, remained largely unheard in the western seats of power. Radical pro-Israel lobby people often use the argument that palestinian standpoint is immediately violent and unable to talk things on diplomatic levels. History tells us though, that in the beginning of the conflict, many years of political speeches, petitions, travels to the western seats of power happened and that many Palestinians did UNDERSTAND the SUFFERING of the opressed jewish communities in european countries. Anti-Semitism is no magic invention of just one group of people or country. We in western countries must never forget that lots of Anti-Semitism happened in our countries... which then ended in the horrors of Nazi-Germany/pogroms/war [see russian empire if you websearch for more].

When you live your daily life and suddenly [increasing numbers] of foreigners come into your town or village and tell disrespectful stuff like "the Thora tells us as superior holy source that we can take the land we desire by any means", then what exactly can develop from such radical zionist movement logic other than DEGRADING THE OTHER SIDE, ridicule the other side and use violence instead of political talk and compromise. The point here: Violence is no invention of just one group of people. A group entering a region where others already live opted to use also violence to get land. No need to make a list of attacks from both factions. But people in the west need to understand that jewish/zionist radicals actively affirmed methods of TERRORISM to take land which they felt was their historic homeland - regardless of consequences in the present day with totally changed ethnic situation in the region - and in utter disregard of the palestinian lives lost as a cost [see Deir Yassin massacre for example].

Israeli state/lobby powers combined with uneducated opinions and media in the western countries led to a decades long misconception or propaganda bs in form of "Yeah ok, there might be no fully innocents on both sides, but the Arabs in Palestine said 'NO' to a big United Nations partition plan in 1947/48 or in that time period. It could have granted long lasting peace for both nations. - TO HELL WITH THIS PROPAGANDA! Any halfway intelligent human would instantly ask about DETAILS and how a proposed "compromise" would be interpreted on both sides - in this text with focus on Palestine. The point here: The people of Palestine were reportedly not asked, foreigners in far away countries came up with a randomly drawn map, distributing land (that was factually the land of Palestinians) to immigrants who wanted that land and were able to gather western countries' support. Break this mindblowing bs down for any average american or european home-owner. Somebody in Sweden or Japan or Portugal tells you to give your current possession & farmland & your house to a stranger from region *X* on the planet, bc that stranger had ancestors who lived on your land some 2000-3000 years ago [numbers are symbolic here but it's almost that long historic heritage].

The political slap in the face, the insult of the entirety of Palestine: Israeli state propaganda and its western allies constructed another important and sadly functioning story. They often say that even with a not 100% fair partition plan the Palestinians could have gotten better economy and that's ok to let Isrelis take control of agriculture bc they're more efficient in doing so. Also the Palestinians would have gotten civil rights and stuff WITHIN that partition plan's state of Israel. The point or problem: Many texts or plans or proposals made in western seats of power avoided to attribute the people of Palestine as an equally respected nation. De-facto respect that was offered to the jewish people who wanted to build a state of Israel was NOT GIVEN equally as RESPECT to the Palestinians. They were written in the United Nations or negotiation papers as if they're second class citizens in a state of foreigners/immigrants. Even worse, radical israeli politicians [but there were also smart ones who understood the catastrophy and growing chaos], proposed that jewish settlements would be expanded anyway, regardless of any border drawn on that fantasy map and against any protest of Palestinians.

Conclusion: Blood was shed by both sides in an almost unsolvable and chaotic historic cauldron. Terrorism happened on both sides. Both group of people/nations FEEL love and commitment and compassion for the same region. Some bc their ancestors lived there, some bc their culture and nation grew for more than 1000+ years in the region. Western powers ignored, lied to and degraded especially the Palestinians for several decades!!! Nobody was smart enough to create TRULY FAIR peace talks and compromises when there was a chance around 1947+ and the rest is just a tip of the iceberg that is usually shown in western news shows. Angry and militant palestinian youth throwing tiny rocks at israeli tanks. Nobody actually asks about the roots and causes. The far right Netanyahu government of Israel increased rethorical and political pressure on Palestine, and now they might get a free pass for basically taking over even more of the palestinian socio-economic system. A nation without land is a hungry wolf, the other nation shall not wonder as to why the hungry wolf bites. Decades of insult and false diplomatic moves from global powers led to disillusioned Palestinians and the result is new bloodshed. Praying for any victim of the disgusting Hamas attack is one side of the coin. The other side of the coin would be to prosecute radical israeli settlers who attacked and murdered Palestinians in recent years and to start a truly fair peace plan talk in which for the first time since beginning of the conflict the Palestinians are seen as equals, as a nation with the full right of self-government in exactly 50% of the land. Guess what: not even this basic stuff was possible in the "compromises" offered by the western powers or UN plans. Logically the Palestinians said 'No' several times. Any of us would do the same if the other faction is holding a gun to your head. [Personal opinion, i'm 100% neutral and not payed or brainwashed by any faction!!!]

[gardenstate08]

Intercourse and Prescription prescription drugs: Results of Dependancy on Sexuality

   Sexual intercourse and prescription prescription drugs generally would seem like a incredibly hot subject in the media and in pretty much all social circles, but the actuality of the predicament is that sexual intercourse and medication can pose significant, lifelong results to these persons who have conversation in these sorts of behaviors concurrently. There are generally inherent threats affiliated with drug abuse, and regretably there are also key pitfalls worried with sex. This is right of every perform independently, and it is a substantially exacerbated reality of the issue when the two are merged. Some adult men and ladies may declare that sex and prescription drugs "truly truly feel quite superior" with each and every other, and for some this might be quickly appropriate. Even so, the truth of the make a variance is that this recommendation needs performing with medication - a sizeable moral, wellbeing and lawful problem in the United States. Additionally, most treatment of abuse are truly addictive, posing a intense problems for the shorter expression and extended phrase sexual wellness of the addict. In the conclusion, when drug abuse possible customers to dependancy and sexual intercourse is provided, the now inherent challenges of each and every methods are enormously amplified, and could have lifelong implications for all all those who have interaction in these behaviors.   If you have any inquiries relating to where and the best ways to use https://www.gardenstatetreatmentcenter.com/why-do-opiates-make-you-itchy/, you could contact us at our website. This can integrate undesired pregnancies, sexually transmitted ailments, rape and sexual assault, prostitution and other violent crimes. If you may well be possessing sexual intercourse and you have a drug difficulty, then you are at main risk and ought to just get immediate movement to get permit now. Sexuality is much way way too significant of a human complete to risk harming for good. Libido - the Key Result of Intercourse and Medication Suppose producing use of medications will enhance your libido? Assume all in excess of once again. 1 of the most common misconceptions about intercourse and prescription medications is that a person's libido can be amplified by abusing a lot of substances. Despite the fact that this may be legitimate of specified health nutritional supplements and pharmaceutical prescription medicines, it is not at all authentic of highway medications - collectively with ecstasy. (Ecstasy warrants distinct point out given that many folks see it as a intercourse-maximizing drug, but these effects typically use off really immediately and go absent the consumer uninterested in sexual intercourse or incapable of endeavor or acquiring orgasm.) There are 3 most important explanations that prescription medicine negatively have an have an effect on on a person's libido: one.) Psychological Distress and other Materials Abuse Joined Fret When occasional drug use or ingesting product sales chances to dependancy, sex is practically normally motivated. Individuals nowadays with drug or consuming troubles ordinarily wrestle with psychological disorders this form of as despair or bipolar. Although drug use appears to be to allow a way to self-medicate, it in actuality only worsens pre-existing illnesses. Additionally, just mainly because drug abuse has moral, competent and approved taboos connected with it, there is a fantastic offer of pressure hooked up with applying prescription drugs. Simply just due to the fact pressure decreases the standard person's libido, it is truly effectively rational to argue that drug and alcoholic beverages abuse will finally have a detrimental end result on human sexuality. two.) Drug Making an attempt to get and Employing is Exhausting, Time Consuming Actions Most adult males and girls who are addicted to medicines or alcoholic drinks dedicate a significant aspect of their time - possibly all their time - acquiring prescription prescription drugs, actively applying, hiding their drug use, and creating dollars circulation (typically illegally) in acquire to guide their exercise. All of this is particularly time consuming, and except the drug user's partner or wife is also utilizing medicine, most of these behaviors will necessarily have to have to consider area away from any non-using lover. And simply since drug use by itself is so exhausting and frequently experienced prospective customers to "passing out," the alternative and travel for intercourse may perhaps possibly be appreciably diminished. three.) Bodily Effects of Medications can Direct to Sexual Issues Some drugs induce bodily challenges that could make it difficult or unachievable to have intercourse. This can be anything as benign as staying unable to attain erection as a end result of alcoholic beverages use, to a total deficiency of bodily sensation, to other significant troubles like pulmonary distress connected with use of opiates, or paranoia/worry linked with marijuana use. Rigorous challenges like these can make it unachievable to operation ordinarily from a sexual standpoint. Sexual intercourse and Medicine Tutorial to Greater Danger Sexual Actions Habit and alcoholism are normally breeding grounds for hazardous sexual behaviors Just present up at any AA or NA convention, and you can pay attention to many horror tales connected to intercourse and medications. Because of to the truth the force for sexual intercourse is pretty much as extremely efficient in a non-addicted individual as the journey for prescription medicines in some drug abusers, the two behaviors can usually blend with harming penalties which include things like: *Unwelcome Pregnancies Lessened inhibitions as a outcome of drug or liquor abuse frequently coincide with reckless sexual last determination creating, these as the alternative to not use a condom or other contraceptive. And when women who are addicted to drugs get expecting, the male or female who suffers the most is commonly the unborn youngster. This is evidenced by most current stories that toddlers born addicted to drugs have skyrocketed in the United States in the very very last quite a several yrs. This is for the purpose that quite a few ladies who are addicts do not ask for out prenatal procedure and alternatively carry on using drugs all via their medically-unassisted becoming expecting. In the prolonged operate, gals in this problem who the right way have their babies to phrase (they often hardly ever) spot their child at likelihood of having born addicted.  

[eretzyisrael]

Moral Dilemmas Then and Now

Dario Gabbai died last month, aged 97. Gabbai was a Sonderkommando, a Greek-Jewish prisoner at Auschwitz-Birkenau who was forced to help herd new arrivals to the German death chambers and remove their bodies to the crematoria a few minutes later. Very few of them survived the war, and Gabbai may have been the last of them.

Gabbai, who was often interviewed and appeared in several documentaries about the Holocaust, described shutting down his brain in order to survive in that hellish place. There were things that he had seen, he said, that he could neither talk about nor get out of his mind.

His situation raised moral dilemmas in the purest possible way. He had a choice: he could help the Germans or they would kill him immediately. Should he sacrifice himself in order to avoid becoming an accessory to murder? It would be pointless: there was no shortage of prisoners who would take his job in order to stay alive a bit longer. The Germans killed all the Sonderkommandos every few months, anyway (Gabbai arrived near the end). Maybe they simply stopped being able to do the soul-destroying work, or maybe the Germans were afraid of a revolt; there were at least three bloody but unsuccessful revolts of Sonderkommandos in Treblinka, Sobibor, and Birkenau. These were men – boys, actually – who had nothing to lose, and who knew in the most graphic and painful way they had nothing to lose.

One day, the transport included two of Gabbai’s friends from Salonika. “I told them they were going to die,” he recalls. “My cousins and I gave them whatever food we had, and we told them where to stand so the gas would kill them in two minutes instead of five.”

The cousins scooped the men’s ashes from the oven and buried them outside the crematoria. “We said ‘Kaddish’ for them,” Gabbai says. “But we were already so ice-cold [emotionally]. Nothing was penetrating. That is the only way we could survive.” – Naomi Pfefferman, “Job of Infinite Horror”

Gabbai was apparently not religious, but he indicated that it gave him some comfort to be told that his actions were permitted as pikuach nefesh, a doctrine that permits violating almost any of the commandments when it is necessary to save a human life.

I rarely write about the Holocaust; I’m not happy with the uses to which it is sometimes put. But I’m thinking about it today because the worldwide coronavirus pandemic has again posed hard, though different, moral questions. There are simple (but not easy) ones, such as that faced by the doctor with an inadequate number of ventilators at his disposal. And there are the more complicated ones, like finding a balance between shutting off economic activity in order to reduce the rate of transmission of the virus, and preventing an ensuing economic catastrophe.

This is a very difficult question from a scientific standpoint, since getting a good answer depends on predicting the effects of social distancing, quarantines, and lockdowns on the spread of the virus, something which as yet is only partially understood. We are better able to predict the economic consequences of these measures, although even then there is uncertainty about possible feedback effects that could make a downturn more severe.

There are moral questions too. As an extreme example, suppose it were decided to impose no restrictions at all on workplaces and schools, and let the virus run its course. Because of the nature of the illness, the greatest number of those seriously affected would be the elderly. It might be possible to mitigate the imbalance by isolating only older people – many of them are retired, after all – but there would still be a much greater opportunity for them to be exposed if movement and commerce weren’t restricted. And if the healthcare system became overloaded, as happened in northern Italy, then they would be much more likely to die, even if care were not apportioned according to age.

If, on the other hand, a society succeeded in “flattening the curve” by reducing normal activity, then everyone who was sick would be more likely to receive the best possible care, which would disproportionately reduce the death toll among the older patients.

A straightforward utilitarian argument can be made for letting the virus run its course. Older people are on balance consumers and not producers. They have a negative effect on the economic life of a society. Economically speaking, they wouldn’t be missed. The virus would just be a small blip, with a small number of productive individuals becoming seriously ill and very few dying.

Sweden seems to be doing something like this. They are taking some social distancing measures and trying to isolate older citizens, but they have not shut down workplaces and schools. At some point there will be herd immunity, and at some point a vaccine.

This strategy could not possibly be adopted in Israel, where even secular people are imbued with Jewish ethical principles, according to which every human life is equally valuable. The tradeoff that is being made in Israel between economic activity and suppressing viral transmission leans in the direction of protecting people from the virus, a policy of pikuach nefesh. And I think this is a humane policy, a morally better one, even if it is less rational by some standard than strictly minimizing economic damage.

Somewhat less admirably, people in assisted living facilities here have been more or less abandoned. Staff have passed the disease to residents, and then essentially fled. No one has picked up the ball.

There are other factors in dealing with the epidemic. I haven’t mentioned the attempt to track and isolate carriers of the disease before they can transmit it. In this respect, Israel could do much better if she would (could?) increase the number of tests done daily. This is a win-win activity, because it only isolates those who need to be. In addition, research is proceeding on various treatments that may be efficacious. The slower the virus spreads, the more patients will be able to receive these treatments in time.

There are (naturally) political problems. There is a struggle between the Health Ministry and the Defense Ministry over who should be in charge of coordinating the overall response to the epidemic, although we do not see the kind of political controversies about the efficacy of this treatment or another which seem to exist in the US. On the other hand, the lack of a permanent government and the specter of a possible fourth election may have serious effects on the ability of Israel to deal with the economic fallout from the epidemic.

The corona pandemic is not like the Holocaust in many ways. There is no Auschwitz-Birkenau and there are no Sonderkommandos. But the campaign against it is much like a military campaign, involving logistics, foot-soldiers, and orders that must be followed. And I suspect that some medical personnel, like Dario Gabbai, will be left with memories that will be very hard to erase, much as they would wish to.

Abu Yehuda

[duhragonball]

Dragon Ball Z 139

No one really knows how to end the Androids Saga, since the good guys can’t win and the bad guys don’t feel like killing them at the moment.   So the final battle is basically over whether Chiaotzu can cook good ramen.

“Badman”, “Post Boy”, and “Tacos.” get a lot of press, but I think there’s something to be said for Chiaotzu’s “Cook” apron.  

And the verdict is...

Everyone likes it!   It’s definitely way better than the stuff Krillin cooks around here.    Everyone really did forget about Launch, didn’t they?

Chiaotzu explains that he learned how to cook because he makes all of Tien’s meals.    Launch just vanished one day...

Anyway, Tien shows up to collect Chiaotzu and train with him.   But why?   Tien didn’t even think he was strong enough to be at the android fight this morning.   What good would it do to train with him if he’s not going to fight?

Elsewhere, Vegeta has an crisis of faith.   He’s always believed that his bloodline made him the strongest Saiyan, and that the Saiyans were the supreme warriors.   Now he’s a Super Saiyan, so that makes him the best ever, at least in his head, but he still got his ass kicked.

This scene right here is why I don’t have much truck with critics who complain about too many Super Saiyans.    As far as I’m concerned, DBZ doesn’t have enough Super Saiyans.    Every butthole in this show should be able to turn Super Saiyan.  It doesn’t cheapen things, because the moral to this arc, and the turning point in Vegeta’s character arc in particular, is that being a Super Saiyan doesn’t actually solve anything.  Goku used it to beat Frieza, fine.    But Vegeta ascribed all these hopes and dreams to this legend, half of which he seemed to make up as he went. 

This whole arc has been about deconstructing everything Vegeta thought he knew about Super Saiyans.   They don’t appear once every thousand years, because Goku, Vegeta, and Trunks transformed within the span of a quarter century.    They’re not invincible because all three of them got beaten up by androids.   You don’t have to be merciless, or crave battle, or even be a full-blooded Saiyan, because Trunks can do it and he keeps trying to avoid a battle with the androids.    All the “rules” that Vegeta thought were inviolate are meaningless.   The transformation makes you stronger, but that’s basically it.    It’s not a guarentee, or even a stopping point.    So it really doesn’t matter how many characters learn to use it.    It was only special because people thought it was special.  

What’s important is that Vegeta realizes that he’ll have to keep going, and set his sights higher if he wants to beat the androids.    That’s what being a Super Saiyan is really about.    It was Vegeta’s ambition to get stronger that got him to this point, and now he’s finally figured out that this was never his final destination. 

Meanwhile, Goku has a fever dream where the newly awakened Androids show up to kill him, and then they kill all his friends and family, and he can’t do anything about it because he’s a ghost.   

In fact, he’s sleeping on some big plane thing, while all the people he was dreaming about are with him on the way to Roshi’s island. 

Chi-Chi wants Gohan to do homework on the way.   Well, she did say she would let Goku train Gohan for the big fight with the androids, and then he would get back to studying.   Yeah, the Z-Fighters lost the fight, but it’s not her fault they couldn’t hold up their end.   

Meanwhile, the Androids are driving to Goku’s house, only 17 and 18 don’t know where it is.   

16 knows exactly where it is.    Why does he have that information and the others don’t?   It’s like Dr. Gero only wanted some of the androids to kill Goku.

I don’t want to jinx it, but I think this might be the very last shot of someone giving Goku his medicine.    You know, that bottle keeps changing every time they show it.   Sometimes it has little pills, sometimes it looks like it has a septum for drawing up with a needle, other times it looks like a little bottle.    All I know is they’ve been feeding him medicine every other episode since he got sick.   You’d think that bottle would be empty by now.  

So what about Trunks?   This whole campaign against the androids was his project, and it’s turned into a complete debacle.  Instead of preventing the androids from wrecking the word in the present day, all he’s done is bear witness to their activation.  He can’t beat them in the present, and he can’t beat them in the future.    Where does he go from here? 

At first, Trunks considers travelling further back in time, so that he could destroy Dr. Gero’s lab before 17 and 18 were reactivated.   Then he remembers that this wouldn’t do any good, because whenever he changes history, it creates an alternate timeline.    For example, he gave Goku medicine to survive the heart virus, so while there may be a future where Goku survives, the Goku in his own world is long dead, and that won’t change.   Likewise, any trip he takes into the past from here will only benefit some other timeline, not this one.

So Yamcha asks Trunks why he bothered coming back in time at all.    During his first visit, he seemed very determined to change history, and very concerned about making sure he only changed what he wanted to change.    If his own world is unaffected by changes in this one, what’s the use?

I’ve long appreciated the simplicity of Yamcha’s question.    So many time travel stories make the mistake of getting bogged down in explaining how time travel is supposed to work.  What makes this one so effective is that the story is about why Trunks would go back in time if he can’t actually change anything. 

And Trunks’ answer is equally beautiful.    His mother, Bulma, thought it would be nice if there could at least be a timeline where the world was safe from the androids.  Even if she couldn’t live in that world herself, she liked the idea of helping such a world be possible.  

And, from a more pratical standpoint, Bulma wanted Trunks to join Goku’s fight against the androids.    So really this second trip through time was the lynchpin of the whole operation.    The first trip was just to make sure Goku would live long enough to see this battle.    But the main goal was for Trunks to be there when Goku fought, so that if and when they won, Trunks could use that victory to find a way to beat the androids again in his own world.  

Or Trunks could simply bring Goku back with him so he could defeat the androids personally.   That’s the cool thing about Future Bulma.   For her, it wasn’t about changing history so much as exploring altenate scenarios to find a solution.    If the answer to the androids problem no longer existed in her own universe, then she’d simply find an answer in another one. 

So Trunks starts having a flashback to his own future world, with him wandering through a ruined building that apparently serves as a base.    A bunch of guys are all lying around with swords of their own, and one guy has a jacket just like Trunks.    The implication here seems to be that Trunks is the leader of some resistance movement, and jackets and swords are just standard issue. 

Then 17 and 18 barge in and start shooting, and that snaps him out of it.    Pretty sure that whole daydream was inspired by the dream sequence in Terminator 1.    I can’t remember if it was Reese or Sarah Conner, but one of them dreamt of all these human soldiers huddled up somewhere, and then a Terminator Robot infiltrated the place and started shooting everyone up.  

What Trunks doesn’t understand is how things changed so dramatically.   Goku caught the heart virus later, and there were five androids instead of two. 

Trunks blames himself, since the only possible explanation can be his own impact on the course of events.   I often wonder about why the androids turned out differently, but I can never quite square it.    For one thing, we really don’t know exactly how things when in the timeline Future Trunks grew up in.    I figure there’s two possible scenarios.

1) Dr. Gero activated 17 and 18 on May 12, an they turned on him and attacked Amenbo Island themselves, basically like Trunks expected would happen in Episode 126-127.

2) Gero built 19 and had himself turned into #20, and Vegeta and Piccolo were able to beat them, forcing Gero to activate 17 and 18, who eventually killed all the Z-Fighters.   Trunks just didn’t know about any of those details because he was a baby when it happened, and Bulma wasn’t around to witness any of it. 

But that still doesn’t explain why 16 only seems to exist in this timeline and not in Trunks world.    It also doesn’t explain why 17 and 18 are stronger here than they are in Trunks’ world.    In the past, I chalked this up to 17 and 18′s systems breaking down over time.    After 17 years of continuous operation, their powers would begin to wane.    However, Dragon Ball Super seems to contend that 17 and 18 could actually get stronger over time through training.  Maybe that’s not a contradiction.   The 17 and 18 in “History of Trunks” certainly had no reason to train or get stronger, while the ones in Dragon Ball Super did.   So it’s no surprise that the ones in DBS are more powerful.   

The bottom line here is that there isn’t a neat and tidy explanation for all of this.    Trunks just doesn’t know what he doesn’t know, and that’s what makes time travel so dangerous.   He knows the broad strokes of what he wants to change, but there’s so many tiny details that he just doesn’t know about.    And these details are much more important than he can know.    Things like Dr. Gero having a secret lab near North City, or Bulma trying to fly over the battlefield once she knows about the android menace.   Things like Goku being able to teleport.    And those are just the details he’s found out about.    There’s all sorts of things that he hasn’t learned about and never will.  

But as he begins to regret tampering with the timestream, Chi-Chi reminds him that if he hadn’t come back in his time machine and given Goku the heart virus medicine, he wouldn’t still be alive right now. Whatever else might happen, Trunks has saved Goku’s life, and Chi-Chi is grateful for that.    So maybe the burden of time travel is too great for one man, but Trunks has still done some good.   Maybe that’s all that matters.   

Krillin agrees.   It’s not over yet.     As bad as things are, there’s still time to fix things, and sooner or later they’ll get a chance to turn things around.    They just have to hang on a little longer. 

Krillin calls Bulma to fill her in on what’s been going on, but she has something important to tell them.    Specificially, she wants to talk to Future Trunks.

bnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnntwang

doo-toodle-to-doo.... bunnng-twang!

dooodly-dooodly-doodly-doooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn....doon twang.

doo-to-do-to-doo-dllllle....

doo-to-do-to-dooodly-do-too

doo-doo-doo-doot-doo-doot-do-doo...

[valentindaily]

"Our priority isn't to teach the next ballroom dance champion of the world. It's to bring out the best of every single person that walks through those doors." -Val Chmerkovskiy

Next week when DANCING WITH THE STARS LIVE rolls into the Fox Theatre, Atlanta audiences will get a taste of the elegant show for one night, but fortunately for us, one of the dancers is leaving a "microcosm of that experience" for us to engage with all year round.

Two-time mirror ball champion Val Chmerkovskiy has opened Dance with Me, a ballroom dance studio for adults of all talent levels. Now open in Phipps Plaza, this is Dance with Me USA's fourteenth location and first in Georgia. Below, check out BroadwayWorld Atlanta's conversation with him in which he reveals why he sees ballroom dance as vital for society, what Dance with Me means to him, and what the studio's ribbon-cutting party on February 12 will be like.

Can you tell me a little bit about Dance with Me and where the idea came from?

With Dance with Me, because the world is so familiar with DANCING WITH THE STARS, I like to piggy-back off of that and say we kind of create a little microcosm of that experience. It's the easiest way to describe the magic that happens in Our Studiosbecause everyone sees it happen on television all the time.

We wanted to create a social dance scene where anybody, no matter what your background is, whether you're pursuing dance seriously as a lifestyle or if you're pursuing dance as an extra-curricular to treat yourself and get physical therapy or mental therapy. Honestly there's nothing soothing, nothing consoling like being part of a collective, dancing to music.

The company actually was founded in 2005 by my father who was a parent of two kids dancing, my brother and myself, and another parent of kid dancers who were training at our kid dance studio at the time, so my brother and my dad actually opened up a kids dance studio in '97. And then they had an idea, like, "Well what about all these parents who are sitting here in their seats watching the kids? What if we offer dance for them?" We wanted to combine the charm of the local dance studio with a high-end experience, an experience with chandeliers and a beautiful ambiance and a beautiful service where you feel like you're literally at a ball somewhere, and almost fifteen years later, we have 14 locations.

And how did you choose Buckhead as your next location?

Why Buckhead? Because it's a community that loves to celebrate, and in its essence, at its core, dance is a celebration. We opened in Atlanta because there is a dance community there. People love to dance, people love to move, people love to celebrate. Why not Atlanta? It's a growing city, and we'd love to contribute to its growth, to its beauty any way we can.

I love that! And I love what you said about the transition from dance studios being for kids to being for adults. I feel like there are so many activities for kids, and their needs get met in a lot of ways, but it's so awesome to open that up and include the parents.

It's true, it's true. And what are parents? What are adults? Adults are just kids who have spent a little more time on this earth. They too need to be motivated and excited. A lot of our clientele are people who dreamed about dance at a time when it was absolutely unacceptable or unattainable for them, and they've pursued a career in finance, for instance. So now they find themselves at a place in their life where they have the time, they have the resources, and they want to treat themselves again.

What ends up happening is that it ends up being more rewarding than it would have been when they were kids because of their perspective. You grow up, you prioritize, and you appreciate on a different level, and I think that appreciation for this little community that we've created is what drives us to continue to grow. We have so many stories, where, in a nutshell, students will say, "My significant other passed away a couple years ago. I literally didn't get out of the house, and now this has given me a whole new life and a whole new energy."

Dance has now evolved into something that has so many proven medical benefits. It's not just to watch. Dance is also to take part in. And we try to bring that into your city, into communities, and to encourage. We have competitions among studios, we have private lessons, group lessons, so there's something for everybody. It's not a major commitment to walk in and take an introductory lesson, and again, the transformations are incredible. People are changing physically, and they're finding their happiness- who would have thought?- through ballroom dance.

Yes! I feel like that's so true. It sounds like it serves so many different needs at the same time.

Yeah, it's true. My fiancée is also a dancer, and she needs to go and find the nearest treadmill and spend at least an hour on it meditating her way into the beginning of her day. We're different. You can't pay me to stand on a treadmill for more than five minutes, but I love being physically active. So I think social dance is an activity where you get in there, and you're having so much fun moving and interacting, and so many triggers are being ignited in your body and your mind that you don't even notice that you're drenched in sweat literally ten minutes into it, and you can dance for a long time.

At the end of the day, dancing is just a vehicle to better other people's lives. That's kind of the mission statement of Dance with Me that yes, we are a dance company, but we are more than that. We are a community of like-minded people who have goals, who are driven, who are in need of feeling a part of something and we create that something as a beautiful, fun, loving, inclusive. That's another thing- dance is a very inclusive space, and Our Studios reflect that. In a world that's constantly being divided, we are a place that inspires people to come together, regardless of how much money someone makes or what they look like or where they're from or what disabilities they have.

And what is that like for you to be a part of that process?

It's really special. I grew up dancing, I grew up competing in dance, being on television, and I pursued dance for my own self-reflection and fulfillment, and now as I'm getting older, I see that everybody seeks a greater purpose. For me to be part of a company that provides for others that love affair that I've experienced, it's a beautiful thing. It's like a superpower.

Not a lot of people get to do what they love, but I get to do what I love with people I love and continue to spread that love to others. I never thought that's what this whole thing would evolve into, I never thought dance would give me this much purpose in life. I was just doing it to hang out with girls, but I'm glad that it turned out to be less superficial than that.

We're all equal on that dance floor and all build each other up. I couldn't ask for anything better for me to be a part of than something like that. I lead the way in the moral focus of what we're trying to accomplish, and that is our number one priority. It isn't to teach the next ballroom dance champion of the world. It's to bring out the best of every single person that walks through those doors.

That sounds like something that's amazing to be a part of on every level! And we are so excited about the event on the 12th. Do you know what that's gonna look like from your standpoint?

It'll look like an awesome party. At the end of the day, the space is gonna be incredibly extravagant, gorgeous, and high-end, but the spirit is always very welcoming and warm. My thing is, things that are upscale tend to sometimes be exclusive. Exclusive is a word that's synonymous with high quality but not always synonymous with hospitality and warmth. So what I love about us is you come into a five-star event, and you're gonna be treated like a five-star individual. That's the thing- it's gonna be one big party, one big celebration, and at that point the space ceases to be ours and becomes part of the community. 

Dance With Me is one of the nation's leading chain of dance studios. Founded by champion and celebrity dancers, Dance With Me dance studios offer the ultimate dance experience blending fun, ease, and comfort with quality instruction in the most beautiful dance studios. The first-rate services include private dance lessons, group dance classes, social practice parties and memorable events guaranteed to intrigue beginners and inspire over-achievers.

Guests are encouraged to visit Dance With Me at dancewithmeusa.com and follow along on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter for all the latest news, events and updates during the grand opening weekend.

Whether you are a looking for a new hobby or take your skills to the next level, Dance With Me's unique approach to personalized dance instruction ensures that your needs and desires are met every step of the way. It's not just about learning to dance, it's about feeling healthier and happier, while expressing yourself in an incredible community of like-minded people.

Dance With Me hosts showcases, competitions, provides event entertainment, corporate and team building services, and does local and national charitable work. The studio offers an array of services, including private dance lessons, group classes, dance showcases and competitions, social dance parties, corporate events and entertainment and employee wellness and team building. Dance With Me covers various dance styles, including ballroom/smooth, Latin/rhythm, hip hop, contemporary, functional and correctional movement and dance aerobics.

Now numbering 14 locations, the Dance With Me chain was launched by founding partners Sasha Chmerkovskiy, Jhanna Volynets, and Maks Chmerkovskiy in 2005. They have been joined by Valentin Chmerkovskiy and Eugene Livshits; Alex Samusevich is the Director of Marketing. For further information about Dance With Me Dance Studios visit dancewithmeusa.com or call (404) 400-1121.

Source: www.broadwayworld.com

[okisaiweek]

Song of OkiSai Masterpost

Thank you all for your headcanons and amazing songs you’ve sent in! In this post they can all be found in one place, along with a playlist.

Playlist (from the links shared, some are AMVs)

[Explainations under cut, ordered by answer length]

@kondo-hijikata:

The Call by Regina Spektor paralleling when saito left the dojo, just to show up in kyoto…and when he goes off to fight while okita remains behind

Don’t Be So Shy by Imany the sait is shy when the clothes come off ;)

Sakura Nagashi by Utada Hikaru translation in the cc. this is…………………………….fine.

@soujthings​:

Partners in Crime by Set it off I mean… Look at the title. (Okay, that’s not a good reason.) I really feel the refrain fitting their teamwork, the way they belong to and depend on each other until the very end. In all of the other parts it’s the music: the rythm and effects remind me of a swordfight, it has a pulse similar to calculated but instinctive movements. It’s just awesome, like the two of them fighting side by side, lives on the line.

Flesh by Simon Curtis (Uhm… How does one make this sound good? ) This is the song that inspired me to write my first OkiSai smut (it’s in Hungarian and way too long to translate alone, sorry). I can’t explain it, somewhy I can totally see them engaging in more violent bedroom activities to let steam out from time to time. I know their job is a violent one too, but maybe that’s exactly why. I mean… Souji is good with knots and his hands, both of that is canon, right?

@impracticaldemon:

Angel With a Shotgun by Imagine Dragons This could be either romance, or deep friendship, and/or deep understanding. There is the sense of fighting for a cause without regard to moral standpoint; more than that, the person is saying I will stop being an “angel” ( a “good” person?) in order to do whatever has to be done: to me that’s both Okita and Saito, not so much for the Bakufu, but for the Shinsengumi (Kondo and/or Hijikata) and very much including each other.  Whatever else they may be to each other, the thing that comes across very strongly is the sense of “this is the person I trust at my back absolutely”.  Whatever it takes for me to protect this person, we fight together.

The Greatest by Sia This exemplifies the concept that these two are each other’s peers - rivals, comrades, more-than-friends (the concept of nakama comes through for me).  The one person that they pit themselves against, over and over again, and in whose strength and skill they trust absolutely (as a peer, not a leader/parent).  This song also brings in that concept of exhaustion, and fighting through exhaustion, that I associate with both of them as they strive to be the best because they have to be.  Incidentally, I’ve always had a strong head-canon that Souji is low-key jealous of Saitou as time goes on, especially after Serizawa fans the flames.*  (This is also worsens as Okita’s health fails, while Saitou remains healthy and mostly undefeated - depends if you’re counting Kazama.  But this is a personal hc.) Anyway, there is both exhaustion and desperation about the song, along with a keen edge of brutally-won victory. That’s a feeling, an aura, which I perceive swirling around these two very young, damaged, brilliant swordsmen. Again, I think this song could work for friendship, or for a romantic, and/or a sexual relationship.  But I think I prefer it for something strong - it would be a profound ‘beyond words’ kind of thing, even if non-romantic, and I see a potential sexual edge to it.

*Serizawa points out Saitou to Souji saying “now there’s a man who has killed” (effectively) - and it conveys a strong weight of “being a ‘real’ man.”  That triggers Souji’s increasing bloodlust and/or need to prove himself (which Saitou never does approve of, in my opinion).

[eloquentdrivil]

sqokscreams reblogged your post and added:

so i noticed that when you mentioned me(here v) i noticed you pretty much say the same stuff here so im sort of gonna reply to both @veganfacts said “Meat eaters abuse their pets every day and literally pay for animals to be abused and murdered” which somehow made you feel as if they’re rude and feel morally superior and not all vegans have the same views. but the thing is, that’s not just an opinion or anything. it’s the truth that every vegan knows and agrees with. a vegan stating facts doesn’t mean they think they’re better than you fam, we’re just trying to educate. like for instance, we all know that an animal has to be killed in order to make meat, right? and major industries depend on supply and demand to exist. so if many people demand meat products, more animals will be killed, and the opposite will happen if there is less demand...

@sqokscreams

(I will touch on your major points, but I wanted to condense space by replying like this.)

I don’t need or expect you to go through the other comments and replies I’ve made on and about that post, but if you wanted to confirm what I’m about to say, you will see the evidence of this at every turn; conceptually speaking, I’m pro-vegan.

Veganism can do a lot of good things, and I always make sure I acknowledge that, because, if I’m arguing with someone, my issues never come down to the practice of, or the incentives behind veganism. Besides just animal welfare, veganism could heavily cut back our environmental impact, so even if I didn’t care about rampant animal exploitation in the meat and dairy industry, veganism would still be a quantifiably good choice.

My problem with veganfacts, and the problem I’m addressing with you now in an effort to explain, is the inflammatory language they used.

It was not a fact, it was hyperbole, and right off the bat, the framing they used showed they do not care about context. The act of stripping context and defamiliarizing a nominal task makes their own point superficial, acting as nothing more than a way to flaunt their moral superiority over people who “pay for animals to be abused.”

In that same breath, it could be said that vegans “pay people to enslave and abuse children,” because of the rampant human rights abuses the produce industry is guilty for.

But neither you, nor veganfacts are guilty of endorsing child/forced labor just because the companies that distribute your food to you are guilty of using it.

But if that had been my responding claim to the shot at non-vegans, and then proceeded to push such a claim to undermine everything else you said thereafter, would you think me a good, thoughtful, or kind person?

That framing injects violence and hate into the consumer that just doesn’t exist. It makes a rabid monster out of regular people and twists this entire issue into a moral battle between vegans and non-vegans, and takes the ultimate blame off the companies that commit these atrocities.

And in their effort to do so, it shows just how little care veganfacts has in reaching out to and educating non-vegans. There is no education to be had there. A non-vegan gleans nothing from that statement other than, “Vegans hate non-vegans. Rabidly so.”

Because that’s what you would understand in that statement if the roles were reversed. That is a hateful statement. It’s divisive and stands only to show how little regard that person has for anyone not already living a vegan lifestyle, and they do not represent a majority of vegans.

To claim that that sentiment is universal is a bastardization of what the vegan movement is trying to accomplish.

Vegans want stricter regulations and higher sanctions against those who break them. In all sectors. They do not ostracize potential future vegans by furthering a rhetoric that sees people in a grocery store as the same level of evil and complicit as dog-fighters. 

On top of that, it’s ignorant and shows just how little that person cares about understanding or overcoming the roadblocks currently standing in the way of amassing more people to the movement.

You said this in your last reply:

i’m kind of confused about the links you posted, because most of them don’t affect the accessibility of plant foods. for example, hunger doesn’t affect what kinds of foods stores carry. of course the cost of the food effects what poor  people would be able to buy, but you can easily buy cheap plant foods. unless you mean hunger caused by food deserts or something? but anyway, i agree that veganism would be extremely difficult in food deserts, though there are many cheap junk foods that are “accidentally vegan” such as oreos and potato chips. i of course don’t blame anyone in that situation for depending on takeout and mcdonalds and stuff, though. however, i doubt someone in that kind of situation would have time to complain about veganism when they’re in a stressful environment and need to constantly worry about getting food on the table. if you could spare enough time writing that long post, i’m pretty sure you also have time to think about making different food choices. . .

Now, I don’t know your situation, I’m not going to claim I understand what you have and haven’t faced in your lifetime, but this (and the rest of that section thereafter), does shed light on what seems to be a disjointed understanding of what poverty and restricted food choice actually looks like.

First, while looking through food statistics in the US for those links, there is no statistical data on produce availability, outside of the data they have on food deserts. And not just that I couldn’t find it; there is an actual acknowledged lack of quantifiable data. People have tried, and there’s just no way to account for or normalize any sort of hard figure on these problems from an availability standpoint.

Second, “cheap” is subjective. Your idea of cheap may not be the same as mine if we have different amounts of disposable income after bills. But when it comes to cost vs. calories, non-vegan is always less expensive. Healthy foods are up-sold at a higher price because there’s a internalized notion in capitalistic culture that says “quality” justifies a higher price. It’s worth more, so it costs more, with worth describing a physical necessity, in this case.

To someone without financial security, the question becomes, “what can I buy that will stretch the length of time until my next paycheck?”

That kind of financial insecurity isn’t so stark when you look at who it’s affecting. Imagine a scenario like a family of four in a white suburban neighborhood who can feed all four of them for a days on a boneless ham at a dollar per pound, which is a whole hell of a lot less expensive that a nutritionally comparable plant-based substitute.

Veganism isn’t cost effective, and even if someone can afford the vegan options one week, they are not guaranteed that same outcome the next, so it’s not sustainable. 

For you, yeah, maybe it is, but for a majority of Americans, veganism is money and food lost. It’s getting your paycheck and attempting to cut even more room out for the added expense, without even the benefit of gaining you more food per dollar spent, and while also gambling that you’ll have the wiggle room every week to do so. What happens when that one bad week comes and the choice comes down to not being able to feed yourself for the whole week, or having to get sick when you force re-acclimation to meat-based products that’ll at least last until your next paycheck?

That’s an irresponsible risk, and that risk exists entirely because corporations stand to profit off an ideology that makes healthier lifestyle choices like veganism more expensive.

Which makes arguments like this ignorant, at best, and elitist worst:

like the entertainment thing. i know that not everyone can go vegan, but a majority of the people in the world can, so if someone chooses to eat meat when there are millions of other options, then they are doing it for their enjoyment, or as you can also say, entertainment. of course you don’t get entertainment out of what happens to the animals in factory farms, but you are still buying the meat because you enjoy how they taste. the treatment of the animals is just a factor that plays into it.

Removing this to a world-wide argument makes it even worse; 1 in 9 people in the world suffers from chronic undernourishment. And that statistic just accounts for people going hungry. 80% of the world’s population lives on less than $10 a day. That’s ten dollars spread across bills and other expenses beyond just food.

The necessity of meat-based products in most people’s lives is just that; a necessity. So long as veganism remains more expensive than the alternative, that necessity remains.

In both of their replies, veganfacts pushed an unrepentant “us vs them, and they kill animals for fun” kind of ideology. They hold themselves so high above the issue, they, again, twisted the purchase of meat products from a store to sit on par with active animal slaughter. 

And the original post was just about bunnies being a good alternative for vegans trying to figure out how to find balance between their pets dietary needs and their own ethics!

They stepped into a post completely unrelated to the point they wanted to push - a point not counter-intuitive to their own ideology - with the express purpose of demonizing non-vegans.

They’re condescending and ignorant. They don’t care about facilitating the vegan movement, because if they did, they’d look at the inaccessibility of the lifestyle and fight for that instead of vilifying non-vegans for “paying people to kill animals.”

They believe veganism makes vegans inherently morally righteous in all their pursuits to non-vegans. That’s the only reason their mind would’ve gone to that reply upon reading my original post. And that is not how veganism should be exemplified.

Doing so frames veganism as an elitist movement that cares more about mocking non-vegans than it does about making sure it has the populous support to take on the animal cruelty in the animal food industry that it currently doesn’t have.

More vegans means more power against the people committing these crimes, but the more vegans there are, the less impact that “non-vegans pay people to kill animals for them to enjoy” kind of rhetoric actually has.

That’s a rhetoric veganfacts pushes. That’s why they jump down the throats of people discussing vegans as morally level with non-vegans. They were defending their own moral righteousness, not a movement that seeks to foster education toward better lives for the people they vilify.

Other vegans are doing that though. They educate. They facilitate and they’re tackling the issue of food availability, and they are honestly working their asses off to make a real change in the world.

And you’ll recognize those people when you start looking for the pattern. They’re the ones who acknowledge and understand why the vegan movement stalls the way it does. They’re the ones building community vegetable gardens and making sure people have food on their table before they even begin worrying about making sure that food is cruelty free.

They don’t use divisive or inflammatory language, and the word carnist is the last thing they’d think to call someone because they know that word mocks basic human needs and makes monsters out of people just so they can justify the claim that that’s what’s wrong with the world.

Veganfacts is not how veganism should look. Their rhetoric is not universal, and they do not deserve to be exemplified.

Veganism is good.

That person is not.

[cumaeansibyl]

Hey, I read your post about how horrible the Nazis were and I was wondering if you had somewhere to look for sources about "France not-so-secretly wanted to be Germany's girlfriend"? That's never been a part of any narrative I learned, and I am curious.

Okay, to be fair, most of that is about Pierre Laval, who was the driving force behind Vichy collaboration and a fucking fascist. He wasn’t the only French politician who believed that authoritarianism was the way forward, but he was among those who did the most damage. Vichy France didn’t have to go full reactionary, but it sure did.

There’s debate among serious historians (which I am... not) over the causes of French military defeat, with some pointing to specific bad decisions and other to a general lack of will. William Shirer (also not a serious historian, if I’m honest) argued so strongly in favor of “decadence” and cowardice in The Collapse of The Third Republic that the idea continued unchallenged perhaps longer than it ought to have. 

Shirer’s facts are in order, but his interpretation is somewhat off. I find the whole “society was weak, decadent, morally unfit” argument leads to very ugly places, and honestly that was also the reactionaries’ explanation for why France had to be brought under the iron fist, so that’s not where I’m coming from. I’m coming from the standpoint that many, many countries had fascist/reactionary movements, but in France they had enough influence that the men in power decided collaboration and authoritarianism would be, not just making the best of a bad situation, but actually a positive development for France.

What’s damning, to me, is not the defeat or armistice per se but France’s wholehearted participation in German atrocities. Isaac Levendel’s Not the Germans Alone uncovered a history of collaboration that went beyond simple compliance into active oppression of its own citizens without significant pressure to do so. They jumped on that shit without waiting for an excuse. 

It helps if you know about the Dreyfus Affair. France was highkey anti-Semitic and I think that’s part of the reason some thought a Franco-German alliance, even such a lopsided one, couldn’t possibly be so bad.

[pip-personalispolitical]

GROUPIE LOVE.

I am a self-proclaimed witch, part-time poet and groupie. I say that with a meta affectation; the pretension lies in my self-awareness as opposed to my actions. For those of you that know me, you probably know I enjoy sleeping with musicians. Musicians to me are - without fail - the most interesting people I sleep with  and nine times out of ten are really good in bed. They tend to think outside of the monogamous, penetrative box of heterosexual sex. And while interesting isn't always a good thing, sleeping with musicians gives me an experience I otherwise would never have access to. It’s an insight into a world just out of reach.

In this essay I explore the concept of a groupie and what is given to both parties in an exchange that is ultimately one based on sexuality and erotic capitol. I will examine what I think groupies really do, sociologically, personally and sexually. I also address that this particular definition of being a groupie is one of sleeping with musicians, rather than being a dedicated fan of one. This follows the definition outlined by Pamela Des Barres (the worlds most famous groupie) who states that a groupie is someone who is simply “with the group” or “with the band.”

What we do.

From the perspective of a female groupie to that of a male band, I believe that groupies have historically provided performers with validation. This validation comes in the reaffirmation of their heterosexuality, masculinity and success. If they're not playing for the women, who are they playing for? The men in a homosocial context, or a homosexual one? They deflect the objectified performers’ anxieties of being under  another male gaze - groupies deflect emasculation (Crawford: 2014: 50). Thereby, they validate the performers sexuality and masculinity by existing within a context where they are desired and viewed as a sign of success. Why else would we turn up to your shows if we didn’t think you were talented and beautiful?

That being said, this validation lies within the grounds of heteronormativity and the heterosexual matrix (Butler:  2007: 4, 8). It is therefore assumptive and reductive to those outside of this sphere. The majority of the music industry is a tiresome ground of patriarchy and misogyny, so those who aim to strike bargains with it must do so within those means provided; while I believe this isn’t a bargain with patriarchy due to the context, it is a bargain nonetheless. This exchange is a confirmation of masculinity and femininity within the heterosexual matrix - a bargain well struck.

The Erotic Capital.

This exchange employs the erotic capital, as defined by Catherine Hakim wherein attractive women use their looks and sex appeal to their advantage for financial, political or personal gain; it is a “fourth asset very different from economic, social, and cultural capitol”  that is rising in social importance and gives women an advantage where they otherwise may not have had it (2010: 512). While this is not exclusive to the phenomenon of groupies, it is an important concept I believe is employed in modern ideology of the groupie. As Hakim explains it may have more significance with regards to the entertainment industry and requires a set of social skills based on initial talent and ability (2010: 512). That is to say, groupies already possess or acquire a level of charisma or appeal that makes them desirable to musicians.

Breaking monogamy, sexual assertion and self-awareness.

While groupies provide confirmation within rock ’n’ roll and heterosexuality, they also break the institution of monogamy: groupies exist as a sexually assertive and liberated woman that follows strands of the second wave of feminism (Crawford: 2014: 50).  Being a groupie, then, aligns with the movement of sex positivity. Again, with reference to Hakim, the moral ideologies of society tend to discourage women from “exploiting their erotic capital” (2010: 499). The groupie does not shy away from this, the groupie disregards such stigmas in favour of attaining the poet/god/rockstar.

On this note, Crawford argues that groupies take the phallus worship that lies within the heart of rock ’n’ roll (which could be extended to most genres of music, I think) to it’s logical conclusion by sleeping with the artists (2014: 49-50). As Courtney Love (I know, she’s problematic but she has a point here) once said “we invented rock n’ roll to sexualise men.” What is the height of this sexualisation other than sleeping with them?

“Such savviness provokes hostility,” Crawford notes, “women aren’t supposed to plan for and pursue sexual activity” - more to the point they’re not supposed to know how to do it either (2014: 49-50). As a groupie you play to or adhere to the mood of the music, you dress to be a part of the scene to add to your desirability. It is unsettling for musicians to think that a woman can be so cunning - yet so desired and necessary to their personal masculinity, and, by extension, the reputation of the band.

This brings me to my next point, that some groupies possess a level of self-awareness in regards to their actions, both personally and socially; to be labelled as such is to know your power as well as to be aware of the potential downsides. There is power in the namer; when reclaiming the term - akin to the word slut - acknowledges the connotations of the trope. It demonstrates passion, ambition and desire to occupy a pragmatic standpoint within a situation that is ultimately boiled down to one of a sexual exchange. If both parties enjoy the exchange where both have something to offer, it can be beneficial in terms of personal gain and satisfaction. This, it could be argued, is where the concept of the erotic capitol is epitomised.

I am very aware of this exchange, I have what you want and I know that even if you don’t choose to have sex with me, I am a form of validation that is crucial. I add credibility to their band simply by turning up. Perhaps, this sentiment is epitomised in Lana Del Rey’s song Groupie Love. She coo’s “every time that you look up, I know what you’re thinking of, you want my groupie love,” and she’s right. Groupies want to be desired and they are. The question is, does being a groupie in a modern context require a self-awareness and political connotations of these actions to make them effective in their result, or can the liberal morals of the 60’s still be applicable in a modern context?

Misogyny, power dynamics and exploitation.

One of the main issues is that groupies, to directly quote Crawford, give the musician a means to “connect with a male audience through the objectification and denigration of women,” (2014: 50). The position of a groupie is one amidst a field of misogyny: the groupie sits on a thin fence of second wave, choice feminism. You can play up to these images or utilise them, bargain with patriarchal tropes and power structures, but ultimately do these choices not just further patriarchal and misogynistic tropes within institutions?

Moreover, from my positionality (that of a white, cis-gender, able-bodied female) it serves my purpose and my purpose only; I am running in a playground that stinks of choice feminism and out-dated liberal morals reminiscent of the 60s sexual revolution.

Additionally, I believe that due to the fact that groupies are also caught up in a web of sexual liberation, repression and the long standing virgin/whore dichotomy we are easy targets to be labelled as “too obsessive” or “insane”, we are easily dismissed as objects, tropes, not as human beings. Further manipulation or attempt to disband this adds to such a label and your power is all at once lost to the trope.

Perhaps in a modern context, personal gain requires more rigid and well-analysed political intention - however, that is not to say it cannot be a mutually satisfying interaction. Using my education and personal feelings towards sexuality, I feel as though its more of an exchange - I have no doubt that is due to my positionality. Being a groupie lies in a strange river of dynamics on an interpersonal level and a larger, structural level.

The power dynamics of a musician to that of a groupie are, to say the least, troubling: exploitation is likely, particularly with younger or more naive fans. Lori Maddix is a prime example of this, being one of the most desired within the “baby groupies”; she was only thirteen when she became involved with musicians. This is nothing less than statutory rape despite the fact that Maddix gave consent (Tolentino: 2016). The problematic history of groupies and their rockstar lovers can’t be ignored. I can't defend these actions, nor should I. I’m trying to argue for choice feminism and sexual liberation; the fault lies with the men in rock ’n’ roll who abuse their power. Moreover, sexuality in girlhood isn’t anything to be ashamed of and should be explored - they just happened to explore it with rockstars.

Returning to my main point, in regards to second wave feminism and sexual liberation: to what extent is the exchange about liberation or empowerment? Is this not simply an exchange or a play on the erotic capitol? Can this not simply be a consensual, mutual hook up based on sexuality and satisfaction? Furthermore, empowerment  and liberation are two highly subjective concepts (as I've previously stated in other essays) what is empowering or liberating to one woman may not be to another.

Conclusion.

It is clear that female sexuality is still widely policed and politicised, widely held accountable and impaled on a fence of second wave feminism - it seems we can never win. That being said the groupie validates masculinities and femininities, they offer a break from monogamy and disregard any morals implemented on sexuality; the groupie is a savvy, sex positive, self-aware agent.

Additionally, in analysing the phenomenon historically it’s problematic elements weigh heavy on its positive potential. I feel that we are, however, utilising feminist discourses and sexual liberation to some gain, be it personal, political or economical. And even if groupies aren’t, isn't it still an expression of sexuality that shouldn't be policed? In the earlier concept the positionality of a groupie allowed for the sexuality of girlhood to experience liberation and exploration.

Being a groupie also holds greater potential to gain a foothold into a notoriously misogynistic industry. Given the interaction stays within the laws and age of legal consent, the erotic capital - if acknowledged by the groupie or not - is still at play and in that sense it is effective.

Not to sound like Penny Lane but I’m here for the music, man. I’m here to gain insight into a creative world just outside of my reach, I want to see how you do it, what inspires you. The fact that you have access to members’ only clubs and D-minor celebrities is a bonus.

I revel in the debauchery and hedonism of rock ’n’ roll; I enjoy seeing and being seen, I enjoy the connection to another creative individual - particularly in a way I’ve never been or haven't had the means to be. Mostly, I enjoy knowing that I have something they want, I enjoy knowing that I am desired - particularly by rockstars.

References. 

Butler, Judith (2007): “Subjects of Sex/Gender/Desire“. In: Gender Trouble. Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge. pp. 4, 8.   Crawford, Anwen (2014). Hole's Live Through This . London: Bloomsbury . 49, 50. Hakim, Catherine . (2010). Erotic Capitol . European Sociological Review. 26 (5), pp. 512. Kandiyoti, D. (1988). Bargaining with Patriarchy. Gender and Society. 2 (3). 
 Nina De Koning. (2017). VHS1'S LETS SPEND THE NIGHT TOGETHER. [Online Video]. 20 May 2013. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnViqstGsYs&t=311s. [Accessed: 4 October 2017]. Tolentino, Jia. (2016). What Should We Say About David Bowie and Lori Maddox?. Available: https://jezebel.com/what-should-we-say-about-david-bowie-and-lori-maddox-1754533894. Last accessed 2/10/2017.

[paull-green]

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Put his leash#bind#constraint#lead#restraint#tether#tie# on and say "[Name#Analyse#Analyze#Appoint#Argot#Call#Calumny#Cant#Canvas#Canvass#Charge#Constitute#Defamation#Denote#Enumerate#Epithet#Establish#Examine#Family#Figure#Folk#Found#Gens#Identify#Institute#Itemise#Itemize#Jargon#Kinfolk#Kinsfolk#Label#Lingo#Make#Nominate#Obloquy#Patois#Personage#Phratry#Plant#Recite#Refer#Reputation#Repute#Sanction#Sept#Slang#Study#Traducement#Vernacular#], Stop#Act#Block#Break#Catch#Cease#Conclusion#Consonant#Constraint#Disrupt#Ending#Finish#Forbid#Foreclose#Forestall#Grab#Halt#Interrupt#Kibosh#Knob#Labial#Layover#Occlusive#Place#Plosive#Preclude#Prevent#Quit#Restraint#Spot#Stay#Stopover#Stoppage#Terminate#!" with the palm#area#region#touch#tree# of your open#afford#agape#agaze#ajar#area#arise#artless#coarse#country#exterior#gaping#give#ingenuous#lawless#opened#outside#staring#subject#susceptible#turn#undecided#undetermined#unfastened#unlawful#unobstructed#unprotected#unresolved#unsealed#unsettled#unstoppered#wide#yawning#yield# hand#ability#accumulation#aggregation#aid#applause#assemblage#assist#assistance#clapping#collaborator#collection#cooperator#crewman#deal#extremity#forepaw#give#handbreadth#handsbreadth#help#jack#laborer#labourer#manus#mitt#pardner#partner#paw#pointer#power#reach#sailor#script#side#transfer#writing# next#close#incoming#succeeding# to him. Wait#Act#Inactivity#Move# a few seconds and if he obeys, come#amount#arise#arrive#become#descend#develop#get#grow#locomote#move#originate#proceed#rise#travel#turn#uprise# back#affirm#aft#approve#backmost#backrest#backward#backwards#bet#confirm#corroborate#endorse#gage#game#hind#hinder#hindermost#hindmost#indorse#o.k.#okay#place#play#position#posterior#punt#rear#rearmost#rearward#rearwards#sanction#side#stake#substantiate#support#sustain#wager# and say "That's good#acceptable#advantage#advantageous#ample#angelic#angelical#beatific#beneficent#benevolent#best#better#bully#close#complete#corking#cracking#dandy#discriminating#echt#favorable#favourable#fortunate#fresh#genuine#goodish#goodness#gracious#great#groovy#healthful#healthy#honorable#hot#intellectual#just#keen#moral#morality#near#neat#nice#nifty#obedient#operative#opportune#peachy#pleasing#quality#redeeming#redemptive#reputable#respectable#right#righteous#ripe#safe#sainted#saintlike#saintly#salutary#satisfactory#saving#secure#serious#smashing#solid#sound#suitable#superb#superior#swell#unspoiled#unspoilt#upright#vantage#virtuous#well#white#worthy#!" or something like#equal#equivalent#same#similar#suchlike# that and reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# him with a caress. * Repeat#Act#Echo#Emit#Hap#Happen#Ingeminate#Iterate#Move#Occur#Pass#Reiterate#Repetition#Restate#Retell#Tell#Utter# the above process#activity#affect#appendage#cognition#deliver#enation#growth#impact#knowledge#noesis#operation#outgrowth#touch#transform#transmute#treat#walk#writ# until he manages to stay#act#appease#brace#bracing#check#continue#decree#delay#detain#edict#fiat#fill#fulfil#fulfill#meet#order#outride#remain#rescript#rest#retard#satisfy#slip#stick#strip# still#allay#comfort#console#ease#noneffervescent#plant#relieve#solace#soothe#works# for more#author#many#much#solon#statesman#writer# than 10 seconds. Remember#Advert#Cite#Mention#Name#Recall#Recollect#Refer#Retrieve#Think# to always#e'er#ever# reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# him first#archetypal#archetypical#basic#best#early#eldest#firstborn#firstly#foremost#forward#freshman#front#gear#honours#initial#introductory#low#no.#oldest#opening#ordinal#original#position#premier#premiere#primary#prime#prototypal#prototypic#prototypical#rank#, and then you can alternate#act#alter#backup#change#con#cyclic#cyclical#learn#memorise#memorize#move#relief#reliever#replacement#secondary#substitute#vary# between a reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# and a simple#acerate#acerose#acicular#acuminate#apiculate#bladelike#caudate#cordate#cordiform#cuneate#deltoid#dolabrate#dolabriform#easy#elemental#elliptic#elongate#ensiform#hastate#human#individual#lancelike#lanceolate#linear#lyrate#mortal#naif#naive#oblanceolate#oblong#obovate#obtuse#orbicular#orbiculate#ovate#oversimplified#pandurate#panduriform#peltate#perfoliate#person#plain#pointed#reniform#retarded#rounded#sagittate#sagittiform#simplex#simplified#simplistic#smooth#somebody#someone#soul#spatulate#swordlike#ultimate#unanalyzable#uncomplicated#undecomposable#unlobed#unproblematic#unsophisticated#unsubdivided# Good#Acceptable#Advantage#Advantageous#Ample#Angelic#Angelical#Beatific#Beneficent#Benevolent#Best#Better#Bully#Close#Complete#Corking#Cracking#Dandy#Discriminating#Echt#Favorable#Favourable#Fortunate#Fresh#Genuine#Goodish#Goodness#Gracious#Great#Groovy#Healthful#Healthy#Honorable#Hot#Intellectual#Just#Keen#Moral#Morality#Near#Neat#Nice#Nifty#Obedient#Operative#Opportune#Peachy#Pleasing#Quality#Redeeming#Redemptive#Reputable#Respectable#Right#Righteous#Ripe#Safe#Sainted#Saintlike#Saintly#Salutary#Satisfactory#Saving#Secure#Serious#Smashing#Solid#Sound#Suitable#Superb#Superior#Swell#Unspoiled#Unspoilt#Upright#Vantage#Virtuous#Well#White#Worthy# Dog. * When you manage#care#command#control#deal#handle#succeed#win# to keep#book#cell#cook#donjon#dungeon#enter#fastness#fix#have#hold#livelihood#living#maintain#make#prepare#protect#ready#record#remain#reserve#resource#rest#save#stay#stronghold#sustenance# him still#allay#comfort#console#ease#noneffervescent#plant#relieve#solace#soothe#works#, give#administer#afford#allot#apply#break#cater#cerebrate#change#cogitate#commit#communicate#consecrate#create#deal#dedicate#devote#dispense#distribute#elasticity#employ#founder#free#fund#furnish#gift#lot#make#move#pay#ply#present#provide#release#relinquish#render#resign#snap#spring#springiness#stretch#supply#think#use#utilise#utilize#yield# the command#bid#bidding#code#compel#control#dictation#enjoin#lie#mastery#order#overlook#overtop#require#say#skillfulness#statement#tell# and move#act#advise#change#displace#locomote#propose#relocation#run#suggest# away#absent#departed#forth#gone#inaccurate#off#. If he follows you, come#amount#arise#arrive#become#descend#develop#get#grow#locomote#move#originate#proceed#rise#travel#turn#uprise# back#affirm#aft#approve#backmost#backrest#backward#backwards#bet#confirm#corroborate#endorse#gage#game#hind#hinder#hindermost#hindmost#indorse#o.k.#okay#place#play#position#posterior#punt#rear#rearmost#rearward#rearwards#sanction#side#stake#substantiate#support#sustain#wager# to him and give#administer#afford#allot#apply#break#cater#cerebrate#change#cogitate#commit#communicate#consecrate#create#deal#dedicate#devote#dispense#distribute#elasticity#employ#founder#free#fund#furnish#gift#lot#make#move#pay#ply#present#provide#release#relinquish#render#resign#snap#spring#springiness#stretch#supply#think#use#utilise#utilize#yield# the command#bid#bidding#code#compel#control#dictation#enjoin#lie#mastery#order#overlook#overtop#require#say#skillfulness#statement#tell# again. Move#Act#Advise#Change#Displace#Locomote#Propose#Relocation#Run#Suggest# a few yards away#absent#departed#forth#gone#inaccurate#off#, then call#birdsong#demand#disposition#enjoin#exact#inclination#label#meet#option#order#phone#play#ring#say#song#telecommunicate#telephone#telephony#tell#tendency# him and give#administer#afford#allot#apply#break#cater#cerebrate#change#cogitate#commit#communicate#consecrate#create#deal#dedicate#devote#dispense#distribute#elasticity#employ#founder#free#fund#furnish#gift#lot#make#move#pay#ply#present#provide#release#relinquish#render#resign#snap#spring#springiness#stretch#supply#think#use#utilise#utilize#yield# him a reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare#. * Increase#Amount#Gain#Growth#Increment#Process# the distance#indifference#interval#length#size# until your dog is almost#most#near#nearly#nigh#virtually# 10-15 metres away#absent#departed#forth#gone#inaccurate#off#, or have#acquire#bang#bed#bonk#change#eff#feature#fuck#get#hit#hold#human#hump#individual#jazz#know#love#make#mortal#person#possess#score#screw#somebody#someone#soul#tally# someone else#added# call#birdsong#demand#disposition#enjoin#exact#inclination#label#meet#option#order#phone#play#ring#say#song#telecommunicate#telephone#telephony#tell#tendency# him. Always#E'er#Ever# remember#advert#cite#mention#name#recall#recollect#refer#retrieve#think# to call#birdsong#demand#disposition#enjoin#exact#inclination#label#meet#option#order#phone#play#ring#say#song#telecommunicate#telephone#telephony#tell#tendency# at the end and say, "Come#Amount#Arise#Arrive#Become#Descend#Develop#Get#Grow#Locomote#Move#Originate#Proceed#Rise#Travel#Turn#Uprise# here!" or something that tells him to move#act#advise#change#displace#locomote#propose#relocation#run#suggest#. 3/ Get down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing#! Right#Alter#Appropriate#Aright#Change#Compensate#Conservative#Correct#Ethical#Faction#Far#Good#Hand#Honorable#Honourable#Just#Justice#Justness#Manus#Mitt#Modify#Moral#Opportune#Parcel#Paw#Proper#Reactionary#Reactionist#Redress#Rightish#Rightist#Rightmost#Ripe#Sect#Starboard#Suitable#Tract# after sitting#meeting#motility#motion#move#movement#session# down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing#, teaching#commandment#doctrine#education#instruction#ism#pedagogy#philosophy#precept# him to lie down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing# is another#added#other# basic#basal#base#canonic#canonical#commodity#elementary#essential#first#fundamental#goods#grassroots#primary#radical#rudimentary#standard#staple#underlying# order#arrangement#condition#dictate#enjoin#impose#inflict#magnitude#ordering#ordination#organisation#organization#position#prescribe#prescript#request#rule#say#sect#status#tell#visit# for dogs that is easier to get. Also, it's a logical#analytic#analytical#coherent#dianoetic#discursive#formal#lucid#ordered#orderly#ratiocinative#rational#reasonable#sensible#synthetic#synthetical#valid# process#activity#affect#appendage#cognition#deliver#enation#growth#impact#knowledge#noesis#operation#outgrowth#touch#transform#transmute#treat#walk#writ#, because you can say "Don't move#act#advise#change#displace#locomote#propose#relocation#run#suggest#" then "Sit", then "Down#Behind#Consume#Descending#Doc#Doctor#Downbound#Downcast#Downed#Downfield#Downward#Downwardly#Downwards#Dr.#Drink#Eat#Fallen#Feather#Felled#Hair#Imbibe#Kill#Land#Low#Mastered#Medico#Perfect#Physician#Pile#Plumage#Plume#Set#Strike#Thrown#Trailing#". The dog will#faculty#gift#give#instrument#leave#module#present#testament# associate#affiliate#assort#cerebrate#cogitate#colligate#connect#degree#interact#link#relate#think#unify#unite# all this quickly#apace#quick#rapidly#speedily# and will#faculty#gift#give#instrument#leave#module#present#testament# do it almost#most#near#nearly#nigh#virtually# automatically in the future#approaching#coming#early#emerging#forthcoming#futurity#hereafter#incoming#later#next#prospective#prox#proximo#rising#subsequent#succeeding#tense#time#ulterior#upcoming#. * Stand#Booth#Defence#Defend#Defense#Fend#Fight#Flora#Halt#Lay#Layover#Oppose#Place#Platform#Pose#Position#Posture#Put#Resist#Rest#Set#Stance#Standpoint#Stands#Standstill#Stop#Stopover#Support#Table#Vegetation#Withstand# in front#advance#advanced#anterior#beguiler#cheat#cheater#confront#deceiver#face#figurehead#first#fore#foremost#forepart#forward#frontal#frontmost#lie#line#look#proximity#side#slicker#strawman#trickster# of your dog and say Sit. Once#Erst#Erstwhile#Formerly# you're sitting#meeting#motility#motion#move#movement#session#, say "Down#Behind#Consume#Descending#Doc#Doctor#Downbound#Downcast#Downed#Downfield#Downward#Downwardly#Downwards#Dr.#Drink#Eat#Fallen#Feather#Felled#Hair#Imbibe#Kill#Land#Low#Mastered#Medico#Perfect#Physician#Pile#Plumage#Plume#Set#Strike#Thrown#Trailing#" and point#amount#bushel#characteristic#component#contact#convexity#direction#disc#disk#doctor#fix#inform#lie#mark#measure#mend#muzzle#outlet#part#peak#portion#punctuation#quantity#repair#restore#sail#saucer#show#spot#stop#tangency#taper#tip# your finger#digit#fingerbreadth#touch# to the floor#base#construction#control#flooring#level#room#storey#story#structure#. If he doesn't react#act#move#oppose#respond#, hide#conceal#fell#pelt#skin# a reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# in your hand#ability#accumulation#aggregation#aid#applause#assemblage#assist#assistance#clapping#collaborator#collection#cooperator#crewman#deal#extremity#forepaw#give#handbreadth#handsbreadth#help#jack#laborer#labourer#manus#mitt#pardner#partner#paw#pointer#power#reach#sailor#script#side#transfer#writing# and lower#alter#berth#bunk#change#decrease#devalue#displace#inferior#junior#lessen#lour#lowly#minify#modify#move#petty#secondary#subaltern#subordinate# it with the reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing# (without letting go), the dog will#faculty#gift#give#instrument#leave#module#present#testament# automatically be attracted and will#faculty#gift#give#instrument#leave#module#present#testament# lie down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing#. * Once#Erst#Erstwhile#Formerly# lying#fabrication#falsification#prevarication#untruthful# down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing#, give#administer#afford#allot#apply#break#cater#cerebrate#change#cogitate#commit#communicate#consecrate#create#deal#dedicate#devote#dispense#distribute#elasticity#employ#founder#free#fund#furnish#gift#lot#make#move#pay#ply#present#provide#release#relinquish#render#resign#snap#spring#springiness#stretch#supply#think#use#utilise#utilize#yield# him his reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# and say "Good#Acceptable#Advantage#Advantageous#Ample#Angelic#Angelical#Beatific#Beneficent#Benevolent#Best#Better#Bully#Close#Complete#Corking#Cracking#Dandy#Discriminating#Echt#Favorable#Favourable#Fortunate#Fresh#Genuine#Goodish#Goodness#Gracious#Great#Groovy#Healthful#Healthy#Honorable#Hot#Intellectual#Just#Keen#Moral#Morality#Near#Neat#Nice#Nifty#Obedient#Operative#Opportune#Peachy#Pleasing#Quality#Redeeming#Redemptive#Reputable#Respectable#Right#Righteous#Ripe#Safe#Sainted#Saintlike#Saintly#Salutary#Satisfactory#Saving#Secure#Serious#Smashing#Solid#Sound#Suitable#Superb#Superior#Swell#Unspoiled#Unspoilt#Upright#Vantage#Virtuous#Well#White#Worthy# dog" and scratch#blemish#cacography#defect#dent#depression#excoriation#hand#handwriting#impression#imprint#incise#irritate#itch#lesion#mar#mark#mash#prick#scar#scrape#scrawl#script#slit#wound# or pet him to reinforce#fortify#instruct#learn#reenforce#strengthen#teach# this attitude#cognition#knowledge#noesis#. If you use the trick#conjuration#cozen#deceive#deception#delude#device#fob#fox#gimmick#illusion#legerdemain#magic#performance#twist# of hiding the reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# in your hand#ability#accumulation#aggregation#aid#applause#assemblage#assist#assistance#clapping#collaborator#collection#cooperator#crewman#deal#extremity#forepaw#give#handbreadth#handsbreadth#help#jack#laborer#labourer#manus#mitt#pardner#partner#paw#pointer#power#reach#sailor#script#side#transfer#writing#, you should gradually remove#disappear#shift#take#vanish#withdraw# it to teach#blackbeard#buccaneer#inform#instruct#learn#pirate#thatch# him to lie down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing#, even#alter#change#equal#flat#flatbottom#flatbottomed#flush#justified#level#modify#plane#regularise#regularize#smooth#steady#still#straight#symmetric#symmetrical#yet# without a reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare#. 4/ Come#Amount#Arise#Arrive#Become#Descend#Develop#Get#Grow#Locomote#Move#Originate#Proceed#Rise#Travel#Turn#Uprise# here! You don't want#deprivation#essential#impoverishment#necessary#necessity#need#poorness#poverty#require#requirement#requisite# your dog to escape#amaze#avoid#baffle#beat#bewilder#carelessness#discharge#diversion#dodging#dumbfound#flee#flight#flummox#fly#get#gravel#leak#leakage#mystify#neglect#negligence#nonperformance#nonplus#outflow#outpouring#perplex#pose#puzzle#recreation#regulator#run#stick#stupefy#valve#vex#, don't listen#center#centre#concentrate#focus#hear#pore#rivet# to you and don't answer#fulfil#fulfill#lick#reply#resolution#respond#response#result#satisfy#say#serve#solve#solvent#state#statement#tell#work# your call#birdsong#demand#disposition#enjoin#exact#inclination#label#meet#option#order#phone#play#ring#say#song#telecommunicate#telephone#telephony#tell#tendency#. So, calling#business#job#line#occupation#vocation# is the fourth#4th#ordinal#quarter#quartern#quaternary# basic#basal#base#canonic#canonical#commodity#elementary#essential#first#fundamental#goods#grassroots#primary#radical#rudimentary#standard#staple#underlying# order#arrangement#condition#dictate#enjoin#impose#inflict#magnitude#ordering#ordination#organisation#organization#position#prescribe#prescript#request#rule#say#sect#status#tell#visit# when training#activity#breeding#grooming#preparation#upbringing# a dog, because if he doesn't come#amount#arise#arrive#become#descend#develop#get#grow#locomote#move#originate#proceed#rise#travel#turn#uprise# to you, you won't be able#competent#fit#healthy# to ask him to sit, lie down#behind#consume#descending#doc#doctor#downbound#downcast#downed#downfield#downward#downwardly#downwards#dr.#drink#eat#fallen#feather#felled#hair#imbibe#kill#land#low#mastered#medico#perfect#physician#pile#plumage#plume#set#strike#thrown#trailing# or stay#act#appease#brace#bracing#check#continue#decree#delay#detain#edict#fiat#fill#fulfil#fulfill#meet#order#outride#remain#rescript#rest#retard#satisfy#slip#stick#strip# still#allay#comfort#console#ease#noneffervescent#plant#relieve#solace#soothe#works#. * Put a reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# under#low# your feet and say "Come#Amount#Arise#Arrive#Become#Descend#Develop#Get#Grow#Locomote#Move#Originate#Proceed#Rise#Travel#Turn#Uprise# here", "Here" or "Come#Amount#Arise#Arrive#Become#Descend#Develop#Get#Grow#Locomote#Move#Originate#Proceed#Rise#Travel#Turn#Uprise#" to your dog without him realizing that you have#acquire#bang#bed#bonk#change#eff#feature#fuck#get#hit#hold#human#hump#individual#jazz#know#love#make#mortal#person#possess#score#screw#somebody#someone#soul#tally# that reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare#. At first#archetypal#archetypical#basic#best#early#eldest#firstborn#firstly#foremost#forward#freshman#front#gear#honours#initial#introductory#low#no.#oldest#opening#ordinal#original#position#premier#premiere#primary#prime#prototypal#prototypic#prototypical#rank# he won't understand#believe#interpret#read#realise#realize#see#translate#, but when he sees this piece#bushel#case#cloth#composition#conjoin#create#doctor#example#fabric#fix#gun#helping#instance#join#leather#make#material#mend#opus#part#patch#percentage#portion#repair#restore#serving#share#spell#tack#textile#thing#time# of food#content#matter#nutrient#substance# he will#faculty#gift#give#instrument#leave#module#present#testament# come#amount#arise#arrive#become#descend#develop#get#grow#locomote#move#originate#proceed#rise#travel#turn#uprise# quickly#apace#quick#rapidly#speedily#. 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Remember#Advert#Cite#Mention#Name#Recall#Recollect#Refer#Retrieve#Think# to reward#act#aftermath#approval#approving#benefit#blessing#consequence#instruct#learn#move#payoff#reinforcement#repay#teach#welfare# him every time#abstraction#case#clip#dimension#example#experience#indication#instance#instant#measure#minute#moment#period#quantify#reading#second#term# he responds to a basic#basal#base#canonic#canonical#commodity#elementary#essential#first#fundamental#goods#grassroots#primary#radical#rudimentary#standard#staple#underlying# command#bid#bidding#code#compel#control#dictation#enjoin#lie#mastery#order#overlook#overtop#require#say#skillfulness#statement#tell#, positive#advantageous#affirmative#affirmatory#certain#confident#confirming#constructive#electropositive#formal#optimistic#supportive# reinforcement#approval#approving#blessing#confirmation#device#input#operation#reenforcement#stimulant#stimulation#stimulus# is the best#advisable#champion#finest#first#foremost#good#human#incomparable#individual#mortal#optimal#optimum#person#physiologist#primo#prizewinning#somebody#someone#soul#superfine#superior#top#uncomparable#unexceeded#unexcelled#unsurpassable#unsurpassed# way to train#check#condition#develop#drag#educate#instruct#learn#prepare#procession#read#ride#series#study#take#teach# a dog and any other#added#additional#another#different#else#new#opposite#otherwise#remaining#separate# animal#animallike#beast#being#birdlike#brute#carnal#cranelike#creature#fauna#fishlike#fleshly#horselike#insectlike#organism#physical#sensual#.

https://youtu.be/B3WKI_j-Goc

[deniscollins]

‘A Slap in the Face’: Black Veterans on Bases Named for Confederates

Black service members make up about 17 percent of all active-duty military personnel.  There are 10 major Army installations named for generals who led Confederate troops — all in the former states of the Confederacy — as well as many streets and buildings on military academy campuses that are among at least 1,500 symbols of the Confederacy in public spaces in the United States. If you were on a military panel, would you rename 10 military bases currently named after Confederate military leaders since they engaged in race related treasonous behavior: (1) Yes, (2) No? Why? What are the ethics underlying your decision?

When Timothy Berry was recruiting black students for West Point, where he served as class president in 2013, he often reflected on his senior year, when he lived in the Robert E. Lee barracks. It bothered him then; it bothers him now.

“I was trying to tell black and brown students that they would have a home there,” said Mr. Berry, who served as an Army captain with the 101st Airborne Division from 2013 to 2018. “It sent a very strong mixed message.”

For many black service members, who make up about 17 percent of all active-duty military personnel, the Pentagon’s decision to consider renaming Army bases bearing the names of Confederate officers seems excruciatingly overdue. Generations of black service members signed up for the military to defend the values of their country, only to be assigned to bases named after people who represent its grimmest hour.

“It is really kind of a slap in the face to those African-American soldiers who are on bases named after generals who fought for their cause,” said Jerry Green, a retired noncommissioned officer who trained at Ft. Bragg, N.C., which is named for a Confederate general, Braxton Bragg. “That cause was slavery.”

There are 10 major Army installations named for generals who led Confederate troops — all in the former states of the Confederacy — as well as many streets and buildings on military academy campuses that are among at least 1,500 symbols of the Confederacy in public spaces in the United States.

The push to rename military installations and place names is not new, and it is one that black service members and veterans, as well as groups including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, have largely pursued.

The movement this week seemed to attract a growing consensus, including among former senior military officials of all races, before President Trump declared on Wednesday that he would block any of those 10 bases from being renamed.

A petition by the liberal group VoteVets received over 20,000 signatures in 24 hours urging the military to ban Confederate symbols and rename Army bases, a spokesman for the organization said. In a poll conducted this week and released Thursday by the group, 47 percent of 935 registered voters surveyed said they would support the removal of Confederate imagery across the entire military.

The Marine Corps issued a ban last week on displays of the Confederate battle flag at its installations, and the chief of naval operations, Adm. Michael M. Gilday, wrote on Twitter Tuesday that he had directed his staff to “begin crafting an order” banning such displays from public spaces and work areas on bases, ships, aircraft and submarines. Leaders in the Army have called for bipartisan commissions to explore changing the names of some its installations.

“The unique thing about this moment is that white friends and colleagues now see this,” said Mr. Berry, who lives in New York.

After a white supremacist rally in 2017 in Charlottesville, Va., turned deadly when a man drove into a crowd of counterprotesters, and after a white police officer fatally shot a black teenager in Ferguson, Mo., in 2014, “these were conversations that black officers were having among themselves,” he said. “It was not an open conversation among their white peers.”

The fights over statues and Confederate flags in public places have bubbled up often over the years, with their defenders repeatedly suggesting that banning or removing those items would be akin to erasing history.

In 2015, shortly after a white supremacist killed black parishioners in a church in Charleston, S.C., a budget bill in Congress almost failed amid an ugly floor fight in which Democrats, led by black lawmakers from the South, beat back a push by Republicans to allow Confederate symbols at national cemeteries.

This week, Speaker Nancy Pelosi once again called for the removal from the Capitol of 11 statues of Confederate figures, including Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee, the latest salvo in a yearslong battle. On Thursday, two veterans in the House also introduced bipartisan legislation to create a process to rename military installations named for Confederates within a year. The Senate Armed Services Committee separately advanced a similar measure with a three-year timeline.

For black members of the military, seeing confederate names on military barracks delivers a special sting, given that they lionize men who led a treasonous war.

“I have been in every one of those barracks,” said Stephane Manuel, another West Point graduate who served in the Army from 2011 to 2017. “I studied in them and had friends there. I didn’t like it. The military hasn’t wanted to reconcile that the Confederate forces were traitors. I always felt from the mere moral standpoint of what they were fighting for went against what West Point stands for today.”

On his deployments, the topic would come up now and then, Mr. Manuel said, often leaving him uncomfortable as his white colleagues defended the practice.

“I felt it was best not to be political,” he said, noting that his experiences led him to establish an education technology start-up, TrueFiktion, which uses comics to tell “the untold stories of marginalized groups.” “I was often one of the few black officers. I felt it was better to leave my perspective at home.”

For some middle-age and older veterans, particularly noncommissioned offices like Mr. Green, who retired from the Army in 1998, the realization of their indignities came later.

“It wasn’t anything that stayed on my mind and I think that was because I was young,” he said. “I don’t ever remember ever having a conversation about it when I was on active duty. With my veteran friends, it later came more to light that African-American veterans were upset about it and it kind of enlightened me, too.”

Daniele Anderson, a former Navy officer who graduated in 2013 from the service’s academy in Annapolis, Md., and went on to serve until 2018, recalled how a professor at the school — later removed for other behaviors — wrote an Op-Ed that denigrated students from the military prep schools, who were disproportionately people of color. Leadership conferences rarely featured minority speakers. In her junior year, Ms. Anderson said, she was in charge of events for Black History Month, and found that the posters she put up around campus were frequently ripped down. “I was told by fellow classmates that was a regular occurrence during Black History Month,” she said.

“There was always an underlying anxiety and the feeling that you have to always be alert and choosing your words carefully and not wanting to seem like you were playing the race card,” she said. “That really messed with a lot of black and minority students’ confidence. I think this social anxiety we have to navigate all the time really did contribute to lower performance.”

Like others interviewed for this article, Ms. Anderson said the events of the last week made her cautiously optimistic that the military would view the fight over removing Confederate names and symbols as an opportunity to look deeper at its broader culture.

“In the military, we have treated ourselves as if we are separate from society,” she said. “We have to know and understand that the military is part of society, because we draw our people from society, and we look at and listen to the same things as our civilian counterparts do.”

As a black veteran, she said, “I am in a unique position of being able to say, ‘Hey, I went to this institution, I made great sacrifices to do so, and we are calling on these institutions so they can be the best versions of themselves.’ ”

[flywaysargentina-blog]

Bird Hunting Is Fun Double It With Professional Hunters

Argentina is the wing shooter's heaven. Here you can appreciate actually boundless feathered creature shooting – and not feel the scarcest piece of regret about it. Pigeons and birds there are bugs who do unlimited harm to farming. Nearby agriculturists and governments used to just toxic substance the flying creatures by the thousand – and the main spots where winged creatures are protected from this are diversion farms. The vast majority of us will go for broke to be shot over a conviction of being harmed, so when you go dove shooting in argentina, you are staying securely inside the gold control of morals. There's no motivation to limit yourself…

 A normal flying creature seeker in Argentina shoot around 1,000 shells per day. That is a ton. It might even stable unnerving, yet it's not the point of confinement of human continuance. Tom de Gray, Lord Walsingham, once discharged 1507 adjusts in a day of driven grouse shooting – utilizing full dark powder stacks in 12 check pound firearms measuring a small 6 1/2 pounds each – with no negative results. Numerous seekers of Bird Hunting in Argentina make two or even five fold the number of shots daily. It is splendidly reasonable – yet requires some preparation and readiness. Here are a couple of tips that may enable you to survive your first visit to Argentina with more grins and less injuries.

 In Argentina bird hunting most seekers, the inquiry "what's the correct firearm" is the subject of the correct measure, barrel length and activity compose. This is truly of an optional significance, however on the off chance that you're pondering the master accord on the correct weapon for Argentinean birds is a 20-check over/under with 30″ barrels. A weapon that is too light will have excessively kick. A firearm that is too overwhelming will destroy you with the exertion it requires to raise to shoulder and swing. 20 measure is by all accounts the best bargain between murdering force, weight, and backlash, however 12 and 28 checks are likewise utilized with extraordinary achievement.

 Gas-worked quick firing rifles should be simpler on your shoulder, yet focus: all great firearm authors say that it's the felt pull back that is diminished. You can't trick material science; quick firing rifles do convey draw back a bit slower, yet before the finish of a major day the distinction is scarcely at any point felt. Furthermore for dove hunting in Cordoba, self loading rifles, particularly gas-worked, are mostly used. After 250 or 300 rounds, a next to each other or over/under will require, even from a pessimistic standpoint, a couple of movements with a load brush to expel the plastic that accumulates toward the finish of loads, while numerous semis will request full handle strip and thorough cleaning. All things considered, it's less about activity write but rather more it is about fit and practice.

 For More Info :- argentina dove hunt price

[inherentsleep-blog]

Commentary on ‘Socialism and man in Cuba’ p1

START (note - this is VERY old, from when I was in HS. It’s here only to preserve it)

Guevara starts this by going right into the defence of socialist states.

“A common argument from the mouths of capitalist spokespeople, in the ideological struggle against socialism, is that socialism, or the period of building socialism into which we have entered, is characterized by the abolition of the individual for the sake of the state. I will not try to refute this argument solely on theoretical grounds but rather to establish the facts as they exist in Cuba and then add comments of a general nature.”

I don’t think, after reading all of this, that Guevara actually understand the criticism that’s being leveled against transitional socialist states. In fact, he doesn’t seem to actually understand what individualism is, or what is meant by ‘a society is forced to give up individualism’. To start, very basically, having named and personally powerful leadership within a government is not individualism.

“We put our trust in him — individual, specific, with a first and last name — and the triumph or failure of the mission entrusted to him depended on that individual's capacity for action.” While he is correct that this is collective action based on an individual’s capacity for action (henceforth agency) this is not what a society refers to as individualism. If it was, cults of personality with high ranking army figures gaining their own cults would be considered the most individualist of societies. While dictatorships can be individualistic, they are plainly not inherently so.

What is described is instead the personalisation of politics, wherein powerful people protected by networks of support, personal charisma, force and wealth are the leaders of society and control greater portions of it, contrasted do depersonalised politics where institutions run the country, and in a final stage no single person holds leadership, but instead the bureaucracy rules. A democratic version of this could have people simply voting for a given ‘party’ or ‘action platform’.

Depersonalisation of politics was an important movement through the 19th and 20th centuries, and it allows more stable government as the institutions hold far longer-term networks of patronage without the personal dominance or connection.

Guevara continues in the same vein.

“Every one of the combatants of the Sierra Maestra who reached an upper rank in the revolutionary forces has a record of outstanding deeds to his or her credit.”

Right, and that’s lovely, but that’s actually describing a mediocratic society, where competent actors who do good things are promoted. Perhaps you’re describing an ideal military society. It still isn’t individualism, or an individualist society. Mediocracy is not an inherent requirement of individualism.

Whatever, the defence just seems weird. While he didn’t have Wikipedia or Google to help him confirm in 1959, anarchist and liberal concepts of individualism were very well established by this time, and his lack of understanding of them seems just strange. It’s ok not to be an individualist, Marxist-Leninist isn’t traditionally an individualist movement and I would say that any movement that builds itself on collective action probably is less individualist then one that doesn’t.  Moving on.

FIRST HEROIC STAGE

“This was the first heroic period, and in which combatants competed for the heaviest responsibilities, for the greatest dangers, with no other satisfaction than fulfilling a duty.” You know, that sounds a lot like bullshit. A claim that something is done just for the fulfillment of a duty, especially something not routine, very dangerous and requiring a massive time investment instantly sets off alarms in my head. There can be altruistic reasons, there can be selfish reasons, there can be reasons that are both but to claim it’s for duty is… yea.

“In the attitude of our fighters could be glimpsed the man and woman of the future.”

Lying to themselves? Because like… I really don’t think it’s a real attitude.

“Finding the method to perpetuate this heroic attitude in daily life is, from the ideological standpoint, one of our fundamental tasks.”

Right, and I’m back to thinking there is a particular problem in that the utopian ideal of man doesn’t actually exist.

“In the history of the Cuban Revolution there now appeared a character, well defined in its features, which would systematically reappear: the mass. This multifaceted being is not, as is claimed, the sum of elements of the same type (reduced, moreover, to that same type by the ruling system), which acts like a flock of sheep.”

Right, and you’re back to talking about collectivism, because you’re doing the whole in-group/out-group thing where even actors taking individual actions, if done for a group goal instead of a personal goal are back to being not individualists again. That isn’t to say that collective gain can’t be the same as personal gain, but it’s about the reasoning to the action.

Wait, I think I see what he’s thinking. He’s thinking that a bunch of people all doing something on their own (their duty) towards a collective goal is individualist. I suppose that could be true, so long as membership of the mass isn’t dictated by that very collective action. If membership to the group is based on doing group activities, you’re not longer looking at individualists because inherently at some point group gain and personal gain are going to come into conflict.  

“It is true that it follows its leaders, basically Fidel Castro, without hesitation. But the degree to which he won this trust results precisely from having interpreted the full meaning of the people's desires and aspirations, and from the sincere struggle to fulfill the promises he made.”

…right then. You are very much not individualist, and either don’t know what the word means or are just spewing bull, but I’m going to give the benefit of the doubt.

I think, however, something is missing from this.

There is no mention of dissent, anywhere. What if two members of the mass want something different, or have different “desires and aspirations”? It is, of course, ignored.

PARTICIPATION OF THE MASSES

“…it [the mass] was hardened in the battles against various groups of bandits armed by the CIA;…”

That’s some high level Latin America right there, your political opponents are both CIA tools AND bandits? He’s probably right about CIA armed though, I just found the full accusations funny.

“Nevertheless, the state sometimes makes mistakes. When one of these mistakes occurs, one notes a decline in collective enthusiasm due to the effect of a quantitative diminution in each of the elements that make up the mass.”

Wait, has he redefined individualism to mean having moral now? No one expresses dissent, they just work at what they don’t want to do less hard. I can’t see any way for this to backfire, especially with small or compounding mistakes. But we know Cuba never made those, right?

“Clearly this mechanism is not enough to ensure a succession of sensible measures.”

Great, he understands that suppression of debate and conflicting opinions means that you can end up missing small problems, particularly when you only react by critical mass of outrage (which is expressed only by lack of enthusiasm, as Guevara is implying.)

“In this Fidel is a master. His own special way of fusing himself with the people can be appreciated only by seeing him in action. At the great public mass meetings one can observe something like the dialogue of two tuning forks whose vibrations interact, producing new sounds. Fidel and the mass begin to vibrate together in a dialogue of growing intensity until they reach the climax in an abrupt conclusion crowned by our cry of struggle and victory.”

You’re right back to ignoring dissenting opinions. This isn’t to say you should listen to them every time, but most better systems, like you describe you need, understand that the ‘will of the people’ can be split or contradictory or whatever else. More then ignoring it, Guevara is just literally pretending it doesn’t exist. Maybe he’s just going a little deep on rhetoric.

“Some phenomena of this kind can be seen under capitalism, when politicians appear capable of mobilizing popular opinion. But when these are not genuine social movements — if they were, it would not be entirely correct to call them capitalist — they live only so long as the individual who inspires them, or until the harshness of capitalist society puts an end to the people's illusions.”

…literally what? There are all kinds of social movement in society in general. Some are, as suggested, broken up, but there are many that are successful or make changes of a kind you don’t seem to care about. Does he just define social movement exceptionally narrowly? Even then, many reform based social movements stuck under capitalism. Or does he not consider literacy and print culture a social movement, does he not consider religion, does he not consider things like veganism?

It’s also somewhat funny in hindsight, as Marxist-Leninism prove to be one of the less durable ideological movements.

I have to be done for now, and Holy Christ I’m like 1/6th of the way done.

[welcometowhitepinebay-blog]

Surrealism and Revolution: A Recap

Surrealism and Revolution. A heavy yet all at once ambiguous course title, that left me feeling unsure if my art history degree was going to position me well within this course, or if my lack of revolutionary participation was primed to leave me an outsider looking in.  Ultimately, at the beginning of the semester, I was left with a feeling of both.  Much of my adult life, I have found myself working for the very institutions that this class was poised to question, most notably now, the Tate Museum and its controversial BP sponsorship.  Throughout my employment within archives and museums in the states and abroad, there was always a latent disturbance I felt within my work, a distaste for the idea that not all museums are as accessible to the public as they claim, and a myriad of questions about compensation and ownership.  How do we come to understand how art is mediated by individuals that are not the creators?  Does a monetary exchange necessitate a transfer of ownership?  How do we ethically respond to private organizations such as the Vatican possessing hedge-fund-like monopolies on historical works of art?

While I did not necessarily land on solutions to all of these questions, I now better understand a period where artists actively sought to address and protest against such cultural slights.  While surrealism remains a historically brief movement, its remnants have lived on in subsequent movements, and its origins present as much more deep seeded than my original studies of art history  revealed. Perhaps most importantly for my own personal value taken from the course, the movement offers a much needed lens that helps to explain a current turn in television style and content.  Throughout the (recent) history of television studies, aesthetics and visual style has been an often overlooked discipline, and within the last decade, an emphasis has been placed on the narrative complexity of serialized primetime programming.  However, within the last five to six years, a highly stylistic change has come to fruition, with an increasing number of shows taking on highly surrealistic and expressionistic visual styles.  While connections can be made between shows from an aesthetic standpoint, the diegetic and narrative motivation for such a shift has been missing from my own work up until this point.

Through a historical analysis of revolution from the surrealist movement, into contemporary times, I find myself now able to identify the causality that has been missing from my textual analyses of contemporary series.  With notions of revolution inherent within the lives of the characters that inhabit each show's world, series such as Legion, Mr. Robot, American Gods, Westworld, and Preacher, also seek to disrupt normative modes of production, and transgress traditional measures of continuity and structure historically associated with the television medium. All taking place out of the control of network conglomerates, each series is either self-funded by its creators, or utilizing an independent production company in an attempt to diversify the television landscape.  Due to an influx of talent from the film industry, the above mentioned series also toy with serial and episodic notions of closure and continuity, film in a highly subjective manner (featuring PoV style filming), sporadically break with the conventional thirty and sixty minute time slots, and mix genres in a way that frequently changes week to week.

Perhaps the best indication of the usefulness of this course lies in the wealth of questions I am left with moving forward with my own personal research: what specific to the television medium makes it an ideal landscape for narrative and televisual revolution?  What are the moral implications of using protest and insurgence as narrative and marketing tools?  How can conceptions of revolution and protest be rendered aesthetically?  If shows continue to transgress the structural bounds of television, how will this impact the future conception of the medium? Ultimately, how have current cultural revolutions transcended our current television landscape?