#suppresion agents

[verysaladobservation]

Advancing Safety: Exploring Fire Suppression Systems Across Environments

In the ever-evolving landscape of safety technology, fire suppression systems have emerged as crucial guardians, protecting lives and property across diverse environments. From commercial spaces to industrial complexes and residential areas, these systems play a pivotal role in mitigating the devastating impact of fires. This article delves into the multifaceted world of fire suppression, exploring its advancements, applications, and the transformative impact it has on enhancing safety in different environments.

Understanding Fire Suppression Systems:

Fire suppression systems are comprehensive solutions designed to rapidly detect, control, and extinguish fires. They encompass a range of technologies and approaches tailored to specific environments, each with its challenges and requirements. These systems go beyond the traditional fire extinguisher, offering automated and integrated responses to fire emergencies.

Applications in Commercial Spaces:

Fire suppression systems are indispensable in commercial settings, safeguarding businesses, employees, and valuable assets. Advanced detection mechanisms like smoke and heat sensors enable rapid identification of potential fire incidents. Automatic suppression agents, such as water mist, foam, or gas-based extinguishers, swiftly respond to suppress the flames, minimizing damage and ensuring the safety of occupants.

Industrial Complexes and High-Risk Environments:

In high-risk environments like industrial complexes, where the stakes are higher, sophisticated fire suppression systems are imperative. These systems are tailored to the specific nature of industrial processes and materials. For instance, chemical fire suppression agents are deployed in areas where water may exacerbate the situation. Integrating cutting-edge technologies, such as flame and gas detection systems, ensures early intervention and containment of potential disasters.

Residential Fire Suppression:

As safety concerns extend to residential spaces, modern homes increasingly adopt fire suppression systems. These systems are often designed to integrate seamlessly with smart home technology, providing homeowners real-time monitoring and control. Automatic sprinklers, connected to fire detection systems, can swiftly respond to incidents, limiting the spread of fires and offering crucial time for evacuation.

Advancements in Fire Detection:

The core of effective fire suppression lies in early detection. Recent advancements in sensor technologies have revolutionized fire detection systems. From advanced smoke detectors with improved sensitivity to intelligent algorithms that can differentiate between false alarms and actual threats, these innovations contribute to more reliable and efficient fire suppression.

Innovative Suppression Agents:

The choice of suppression agents has also witnessed innovation. Traditional water-based systems are evolving into more specialized options. For instance, clean agent suppression systems use gases like FM-200 or Novec 1230, which leave no residue, making them suitable for sensitive equipment and environments where water damage must be minimized.

Challenges and Considerations:

While fire suppression systems have made significant strides, challenges persist. It is essential to guarantee these systems' appropriate design, installation, and upkeep. Additionally, environmental considerations drive the development of eco-friendly suppression agents, addressing concerns about the impact of certain chemicals on the ozone layer or global warming.

Integration with Building Management Systems:

The synergy between fire suppression systems and building management systems (BMS) is a key aspect of modern safety measures. Integration allows centralized monitoring and control, enabling a swift and coordinated response to potential fire incidents. This interconnected approach enhances overall building safety and minimizes response time in critical situations.

Training and Education:

Human awareness and response are often overlooked but critical aspects of effective fire suppression. Training occupants on how to use fire extinguishers, evacuation procedures, and the importance of early reporting contributes significantly to the overall effectiveness of fire suppression systems.

Global Impact and Regulatory Standards:

The impact of fire suppression systems is not limited to individual environments; it extends globally. As fire safety becomes a universal concern, regulatory standards are evolving to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of these systems. Compliance with international standards ensures occupants' safety and facilitates seamless global operations for businesses.

Conclusion: A Safer Tomorrow:

In conclusion, the evolution of fire suppression systems represents a monumental step towards creating safer environments across various sectors. From business establishments to industrial compounds and residential zones, these systems act as vigilant protectors, prepared to swiftly and efficiently counter potential threats. Technological progress, alongside an increasing focus on environmental accountability and worldwide safety regulations, is guiding the fire suppression sector toward a future where the destructive consequences of fires are reduced, ensuring the safeguarding of lives and property with unparalleled effectiveness. As we embrace these innovations, we move closer to a safer tomorrow, where the threat of fire is met with cutting-edge solutions that transcend boundaries and environments, ensuring the well-being of communities worldwide.

[chopper-witch]

I... the number of people who just thoroughly misinterpret what a KGB agent is astounds me. The KGB was like USSR’s FBI, but so much more suppresive and violent (like combine it with the CIA and Dai Li from ATLA and all the scary shit you’ve heard aboht from China), from ‘54-‘91. So, like, an ex-KGB agent working in the Russian government? Yes. That is honestly the most reasonable outcome. An ex-KGB agent still being a KGB agent but “not”, for the Russian government? Absolutely. Putin was former KGB.

I’m just... so... sick... of people... acting like... the KGB is some secret organization that isn’t actually government funded and is instead some shadowy group of assasins. It’s spies, assassins, etc. but was funded by and for the USSR.

[zadrbliss]

Ok I’m kind of bored, so I’m going to introduce my irkensona.

Her name is Bree.

She is about the same age and height of Zim, but her antennae are a bit larger, that’s why she wasn’t the smallest irken in the smeetery at the time.

She, like Tak and other irkens, was affected by Zim blowing up half the planet’s energy system. She was getting an update in her pak code when energy shut down, damaging the code. the suppresion of empathy, normally programed for irkens to make them letal and cold hearted killers, was corrupted. She knows there’s something wrong with her pak, but she doesn’t show it so they don’t realize and recode her.

She works with the invaders as a suport drone, she studies, researches and organize info about the target planets and conquered species to give invaders important weaknesses info about them. Sectretly, she loves to watch and learn from other species, she likes to help the survivors of conquered planets and collects creatures that are almost extinct. She along with other irkens convinced the tallests to embrace the idea of making a zoo/collection of some species of each destroyed/conquered planet as a “living trophy room” (actually to help the species to survive).

In some AUs she will be a great help to the rebelion against Irken armada as a double agent. Se finds Zim amusing, and knows about him being a menace to their people, but still, she thinks of him as the one who made her less “irken” and more free.

She is not in love with anyone, but well, she is married to her job and loves knowing more and more of other planets outside Irken’s empire of conquer and destruction.

I might write a bit more about her later. -w-r have a nice day, there’s just one more day until 2019 ends!!!.

[dustxrgcld]

                 @romcnovc​  asked:  Natalia arched a brow as she felt the hot, raging jealousy spreading through her veins, watching the scene before her. Watching the woman smile and laugh flirtatiously - as if the black widow did not know the taste of seduction on a woman's lips. The redhead chuckled, walking up to the two with malicious spark in her eyes "Are you going to introduce me?" Natalia asked, watching in amusement as the woman's eyes widened in fear - all agents knew who she was. What she did.

                There  was  a  kind  smile  playing  on  his  lips,  oblivious  to  the  way  the  woman’s  eyes  ran  across  his  body  every  now  and  then.  He  just  listened  intently,  a  gentleman  as  always,  giving  the  young  agent  his  undivided  attention.  He  had  walked in  early  on  to  give  his  report  to  director  Fury,  and  had  run  into  the  agent  on  his  way  out.  he  had  accepted  her  easy  conversation  with  grace.  up  until  a  delicate,  feminine  hand  fell  onto  his  chest,  as  if  the  joke  the  agent  just  said  was  in  need  of  some  physical  contact,  he  smiled  again  then,  nervously.  Still  a  bit  awkward  on  such  situations,  where  he  had  no  same  interest  as  the  other  party.

         But  the  hand  moved  back  too  fast,  as  if  afraid  and  it  wasn’t  until  he  heard  Natalia’s  voice  that  he  understood.  For  much  as  they  respected  her,  all  of  them  were  afraid  still  of  The  Black  Widow.  He  looked  at  Nat,  suppresed  an  eyeroll  when  he  catched  the  amusement  on  the  other’s  eyes.  and  nodded  softly.  a  hand  almost  instantly  falling  on  Natalia’s  waist. 

            “   of  course.”     he  said  softly,  giving  Nat  a  smile  before  turning  back  to  the  still  frightened  agent.     “  Nat,  this  is  Jen,  she’s  a  field  agent,  Jen,  this  is  Natalia,  i’m  sure  you’ve  heard  of  her.”   his  hand  was  still  placed  comfortable  on  the widow’s  waist,  and  if  he  inched  a  little  closer  to  her  he  didn’t  notice. 

[billionairesdigest]

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[revclverheld]

This mission wasn’t different than the other missions they had been on before. A rather simple one - get into that Talon base they managed to find, get rid of Talon agents, and if possible gain new information about what they were up to and where to find more bases.

Simple thing. Get out of the carrier, into the base, knock everyone out, maybe kill a few ones, get information, get back into the carrier and back home to Overwatch Headquarters.

But things usually aren’t that simple, right? Even if everything’s on plan and every little detail had been discussed... something always was wrong, or went downhill. McCree usually was the one doing things a little different than Gabriel wanted him to, but...

This time, he did not want it to happen this way. Hell no.

But here he was, feeling the little itching sensations crawl over his skin, the way his body hair stood up as a hot lightning bolt shot right through his veins. Right now, where he stood behind his Commander, listening to his voice, but failing to understand the meaning. There was slickness instead, warmth that pooled in the pit of his stomach, and cold sweat that ran down his forehead in little droplets.

Shit. Oh, fucking shit.

Not now. Not here. He was on suppresants - Angie had told him that there was no way they would fail. They were the best ones available. The strongest ones.

Jesse swallowed thickly, taking a deep breath as he tried to calm himself. Not easy with the scent that was filling his nostrils now, so much Gabe around him all of a sudden, way more intense than usual. Fuck.

And Reyes could probably smell him in return. McCree needed to leave immediately.

@commandergabrielr

[entirebodyexercise]

How Your Monthly Cycle Affects Your Weight Loss

However in addition they play a vital part in weight decrease. Are you aware that at certain times throughout your own regular monthly cycle, distinctive workouts have the tendency to be far better for weight loss compared to numerous others?

I supervise of my weight no matter of exactly what occurs," you're not inaccurate. We believe that taking rather actual functions of one's wellness may be equipping. When we're furnished with more details how our bodies work as women, we are able to make options that are more strong to be our healthiest, ideal selves.

The Best Ways To Make Your Hormones Help You

We were inspired to delve to this problem of developing your hormonal agents function by a program Hormone Horoscope and website on your fat loss that's become somewhat of a fixation in the Group GHU office. Gabrielle Lichterman developed it and also utilizes science-based research study on everything influence from their sleep, to prepare girls with their weight. The info depends on the typical 28-day menstruation cycle, yet everybody varies and also you additionally need to constantly talk to your medical professional regarding weight loss needs one-of-a-kind to your extremely personal cycle.

Week 1 (Starts on the Primary day of Your Duration)

Recommit To Your Physical Fitness Goals

It may seem counterintuitive, however getting your duration actually notes a fun time to start a weight loss regimen that is brand-new or recommit that's fallen by the wayside.

Strength Train

Increasing estrogen with this time around of your cycle now uses a wonderful justification to strength train. This truly is due to the fact that a rise in estrogen helps weightlifting be far much better at developing muscle mass-- catch your dumbbells and also arrive at work.

Plan For Healthier Dishes, Smaller

Yet another remarkable problem of an estrogen- dominated? It serves as a little appetite-suppresant. Use this all-natural, integrated in increase of willpower to organize lighter, extra nutritious dishes packaged with lean healthy protein and veggies. In the occasion the biscuits aren't to you incredibly securely phoning, use this moment to unload them-- you'll require them so simply hold on!

Week 2

Keep Stress Levels Low

Additional power and also coming to a head estrogen permit it to be much more straightforward to exercise via your 2nd week, but they're likewise vulnerable to produce your anxiety reaction much more severe. Keep madness away by reviewing an unique, practicing meditation, or simply taking time to relax. Chronic stress and anxiety can allow it to be extra testing to shed weight, so do it in case you cannot discover time to meditate for your own awareness of calmness!

Use Bonus Energy To Obtain In Difficult Workouts

You just need to take treatment due to the fact that this added power will usually make overuse injuries more probable not to press on your own as well much.

Week 3

Make Cardio Your Buddy

Progesterone begins to raise with currently in your cycle, offering you with a fat-blasting boost.

6.Eat Extra Fiber

Week 3 could leave lots of ladies with digestive system concerns, specifically irregular bowel movements, bloating, and also water retention. Battle irregular bowel movements by eating whole fruits as well as veggies which contain fiber, and defeat bloat as well as water retention by staying moistened-- dehydration could in fact make water retention worse, as counterproductive as it might sound.

Week 4

Allow For Treat Time

Increasing progesterone offers your wish an increase, hence permit on your own pre- deals with to aid handle food yearnings. "Whatever in temperance" should be your goto slogan currently, so on the occasion that you would love to treat on your own to a little dessert, obtain it done. Better continue to be on program along with your healthy and balanced diet regimen and also to really have a cookie as soon as periodically the continuing to be time than to decline 24/7 and also is treated by yourself take place a week lengthy binge after. A lot more protein and healthful fats -packaged keep powerful desires away and dishes additionally can help to satisfy a revved up desire.

Be Good to Yourself

Select less extreme kinds of exercise compared to you would certainly in previously weeks a light jog or walk with good friends may do amazing things for your disposition in addition to your weight.

How You Can Shed Weight During Menopause

HOWEVER, you'll find points you may do to prevent menopausal weight gain, for example, following:

Do we sound similar to a broken document? Wonderful! As you age is toughness train, because the most effective point you have the ability to provide for the body. You're going to have to develop muscle mass, must you 'd like to shed weight.

Get comfy with HIIT. High Intensity Interval Training makes it feasible to melt fat quicker, especially persistent belly fat.

Assess your day-to-day diet regimen. However much you're exercising, if you're not consuming a healthy diet plan using an affordable share of protein and veggies, you won't stay healthy, construct muscle, or have the capacity to shed weight. Take care of refined foods now a lot more than-- many hazardous materials which could be a component of stuffed or processed foods can consist of endocrine disruptors that could in reality toss your hormonal agents more.

It's possible for you to discover more concerning your body's amounts of progesterone as well as estrogen just during that time in your life time by getting your medical professional analyze your degrees using an easy blood examination. Utilize this understanding as well as find out the way to balance your hormones to lose weight.

Prioritize Stress and Sleep Monitoring. Anxiousness can make dropping weight much more tough, yet it's science based although it appears clichéd, and also sleep loss could ruin your hormones, giving an extra ravenous hunger to you the following early morning than in case you had actually been well-rested. Exercise self-attention and also prioritize your quality of life.

[sly-punk1712]

Clint had experienced many things he’d deem inexplicable in his 34 years on this planet. Things like being recruited to SHIELD despite being a contract killer. Things like the Black Widow not sticking a knife in him when he’d kidnapped/saved her. Like a buffed space alien wielding a hammer. 

So of course he and Natasha made it a game. Weirdest day. He treated it like a game at first but Natasha won so much he had started to treated it like a real competition.  It didn’t help him win, He accidentally bought a bride for a pack of Marlbolo Menthol’s and a 1980 Toyota, Natasha actually got married to a cartel fixer because some SHIELD idiot filed the document with the Cambodian government. He released a number one country single while on mission, Natasha spent the day in medical trying to reverse a gender swap some mad scientist had magicked up, making her almost completely genderless alignment rage with Alpha and Omega hormones. Natasha always had a better weird day story.

Lately he had to say that was because he got lame ass missions like babysitting two level threes putting Foster’s shit back in her car depot. However he had not accounted for Darcy Lewis and she was quickly turning this boring job into something highly interesting.

When the two level three alphas, Darren and Mathis? had heard they were making a delivery to a single unbonded omega they had gone out of their way to posture and make sure they absolutely wreaked of healthy Alpha. They were snippy and irritating the entire ride from their base to Foster’s dealership. Clint, a beta himself, absolutely loathed working with young alphas sometimes. Okay well older alphas too. Alphas, okay he hated working with Alphas. He’d only ever even met one he liked and that alpha was on suppresents so heavy there were rumors he was a robot due to his lack of scent. Clint loved those rumors, They were sort of logical, even beta’s had a smell after all, but not government robots. To be honest he had started and encouraged several of these “Coulson is a Cyborg” group chats.

Obviously the pair had been sully and irritable when Lewis hadn't even blinked at the pheromones the two were putting off and began ordering the alphas around like she was an Alpha’s Alpha. Clint had enjoyed a laugh at their disappointed looks for about 25 minutes before Coulson came to check on them and he had to pretend to actually help the two knotheads. He had just put his hands on a box when he noticed Darcy had stopped speaking for the first time. He eyed her curiously. She rubbed irritably at her nose sniffing like she was trying to dislodge a booger. Then her eyes narrowed and she looked around spotting Coulson. 

“Is that you?!” She asked incredulously. Her voice was rougher than it had been a moment earlier when she was nagging Darren about Fosters equipment. Clint’s eye brows arched higher than Coulson’s to be honest. Coulson merely quirked a brow while his own retracted to his hairline. Darcy took an audible sniff and Clint choked a laugh at the color that rushed into her cheeks. 

“Hey there G-man. I’m Darcy, 23, from Chicago, Gemini, I like folk rock and I’ve never been a Good Girl but it’s never too late to learn” She said slyly and Clint really did choke. Sniffing someone without their permission was probably the rudest thing Clint had ever done or see anyone do but Darcy’s words were filthy, she might as well have asked for his knot right there. He wished he had the moment the curvy brunette propositioned his boss on camera to show Nat later.

Mathis spluttered dropping his box petulantly and Darren gave the girl a heavy leer. 

“Barking up the wrong tree Omega. You need an Alpha I can help you out this guy” Darren gave a haughty look at Coulson. “is drier than a nun in the Sahara” Clint wanted to disappear from the room when Alpha’s let their instincts get the better of them. They were so stupid, no matter his designation Coulson was their S.O. idiots.  Coulson made to say something but Darcy cut him off. 

“You honestly can’t smell that? I think I’ve found enough Alpha to last me” Her eyes darted around the room before settling back on the Agent. “Honestly what is that I’m on enough suppresents to tranquilize a small Army. You are mouthwatering.” She let her jaw snap close struggling to not say anything else embarrassing about whatever she was smelling. 

Darren went to say something again and Coulson actually, honest to God growled at him. Darren seemed for a moment to consider if he should try to fight Coulson on this before Mathis grabbed his arm and they slowly exited the room eyes not leaving the Level 7 agent before them. When they had gone Coulson’s eyes fell to Darcy and darkened a blue Clint had never seen them before. For a half a moment Clint thought he smelled something tangy and sweet in the air before his mind came back to the pair before him. 

“Phil, 44 Also from Chicago, Virgo, I drive a very red car and “ He paused and Clint held his breath. “ And I think you could be a very good girl Miss Lewis. With firm guidance” He gave a crooked smile. Darcy let out a whimper that, even as a beta, had Clint hardening in his field uniform.

Coulson’s hand came up to gently cup Darcy’s face thumbing across her bright red lips. 

“You can just leave that there Clint” Coulson coaxes Darcy threw the door he came in by crooking his finger. “Take the day off and don’t wait up.” He said lowly and finally sank his lips to the sweet Interns before slamming the door behind him. 

Clint blinked slowly at the empty room before setting the box down gingerly as tho it might explode. He was in the street thinking over what just happened and what to do next. 

Coulson had given him the day off to go bang Foster’s hot intern. He let a small giggle slip out and pulled out his phone. 

The line rang twice before she picked up.

“Foster’s pup intern Omega scented Coulson and asked to be his good girl and then Coulson gave me the day off so he could go bang her!”

The silence was terrible and Clint bit his lip in excitement.  

“Okay,” She cleared her throat, “you win Today” 

It was a good day indeed

[auskultu]

‘Turn On, Tune In and Drop Out’: LSD Users Describe Their Experiences During a Psychedelic ‘Trip’

Gladwin Hill, The New York Times, 22 February 1967

Perfect example of the flood of LSD scare stories that flooded the mainstream media since October 1966, and most as unbiased as Reefer Madness. — auskultu

LOS ANGELES — “We just don’t know how to cope with it...”

The speaker was one of the leading psychiatrists who has been battling with the nation’s newest scourge: the hallucinatory drug LSD.

His admission of helplessness is seconded by an array of other medical men and law enforcement officers who have watched aghast as the use and depredations of the drug have spread during the last year.

The chief hope they have at this point is in “education”—simply spreading the word about how tricky and dangerous the seemingly innocuous white powder can be.

A few months back an LSD victim in Los Angeles, gripped by the horrible psychoses the drug may induce, knew he could stagger to the Neuropsychiatric Institute at the University of California here, where there is 24-hour emergency service for the mentally disturbed.

“But we had to shut the door on him,” said Dr. J. Thomas Ungerleider, one of the nation’s foremost LSD researchers. “It just became too much. We’re basically a teaching institution, and we didn’t have enough beds for all these people. Now we just tell them to go to the County Hospital.”

"Heaven knows we've got enough cases to study," the white-jacketed psychiatrist said grimly. “We’ve got an outpatient, huddled in his room near here, who thinks he’s an orange, and that if anybody touches him he’ll squirt juice.”

He continued: “We've got a mother of 23 and her baby. She was giving the baby LSD as a tranquilizer. The baby seems all right, but the mother is all confused.

“We had a girl flown in from Kings County Hospital, New York, the other day for treatment by a doctor who had handled her before. She was a straitjacket case.”

No one has any firm data on the extent of LSD use on the West Coast or elsewhere in the country—except that it is deplorably extensive. Legal bans on LSD went into effect only just year, and no crime statistics distinguishing its use from other drugs have been compiled.

One LSD expert, Dr. Donald Louria of New York’s Bellevue Hospital, guesses that LSD use has extended to “no more than’’ 1 per cent of the population. That figure would represent 200,000 persons —an alarming number, in view of what In becoming known about the drug.

A student at a small California college said this week he knew of eight LSD users in a student body of 200.

At the Los Angeles County General Hospital Dr. Walter Tietz, resident psychiatrist, said admissions of LSD victims reached a peak of about one a day last June, but since have tapered off to about two a week—“hopefully, because the word is getting around about how harmful it can be."

“I don’t think it’s particularly a West Coast problem," says Dr. Ungerleider. “I think it’s more of a national problem—a metropolitan problem. Wherever you have a big city, where conditions are favorable for making and distributing the stuff, I think the problem is about the same.”

LSD has been publicized as a compound that essentially just heightens sensory perceptions, often to the point where they are weirdly distorted. This has been depicted as having the beneficial potential of “opening up the mind," even to the extent of awakening latent talents.

Dr. Ungerleider and a number of his colleagues consider that such expectations are either still conjectural or demonstrably wrong, and are overshadowed by long-term effects, appearing with increasing frequency, which add up to chronic mental derangement.

The chronicle of weird and tragic consequences of LSD use gets longer by the week.

In Santa Cruz Feb. 1 the police picked up Michael A. McGhee, 19-year-old son of George C. McGhee, United States Ambassador to West Germany, when he rammed his car into a school bus. Officers quoted the youth as saying he had just swallowed two capsules of LSD obtained on a nearby junior college campus.

Four teen-agers were arrested in Hermosa Beach, near Los Angeles, in mid-January after their car rammed a house, killing a 3-year-old child. The police chief said the driver seemed to be in a trance and kept trying to climb the jail cell wall, yelling, “Im a graham cracker —oops, my arm crumbled off...”

Dr. Ungerleider has reported in medical journals that several years’ research he has conducted, in collaboration with Dr. Duke Fisher, indicates:

It is impossible to predict such long-term aberrations, even with an individual who has taken LSD repeatedly without apparent bad effects.

It is impossible by advanced psychological testing to differentiate “adverse reactors.” 

There is no necessary correlations between dosage and effects.“The nominal dose is 250 micrograms—less, in pure form, than would fit on the head of a pin,” he says. “But we have observed chronic effects from doses as small as 100 micrograms.”LSD—lysergic acid diethylamide—is a compound involving one of the principal ingredients of ergot, a fungus that grows on rye.

Peril in Manufacture It can be made by someone with just an elementary knowledge of chemistry—although some of the bad effects may be resulting from unknown extraneous substances that are introduced during the process of amateur manufacture. Pure LSD can have drastic physical effects. A massive experimental dose killed an elephant.

Last year LSD was banned by the Federal Food and Drug Administration, and in California and some other states its sale, or possession by nonprofessionals, is considered a crime.

Dr. Ungerleider described its impact as follows: “LSD has been called a consciousness-expanding drug. In fact it is quite the reverse. It decreases one’s ability to select and pay attention. Therefore it decreases conscious functions. Sensations do become intensified. Perception, however, is not enhanced, and visual and auditory acuteness are not revolutionized but rather are distorted.”

Of all of LSD’s effects, the worst may be none of the violent aberrations but a very subtle one: a seemingly permanent dulling of users’ objective judgment and its replacement bv purely subjective values. This effect has been noted by observers as widely separated professionally as psychiatrists and law enforcement officers.

A distinctive effect of LSD is the “missionary" zeal it engenders in users to get others to join them. Some habitues will insist on giving away handfuls of impregnated sugar cubes or capsules that, at the going rate of several dollars a dose, represent considerable money.

Suppresion of LSD is impeded by a number of other factors different from those applying to long-established drugs. These include:

Its relatively easy procurability.

Technical difficulties it presents to regular law-enforcement operations.

The possibility that it has constructive applications.

Its association with the reputably sponsored religio-esthetic “psychedelic" movement.

Authorities Stumped A survey of law-enforcement agencies in Los Angeles, the nation’s second-largest metropolis, indicates that LSD use has authorities stumped.

A user cannot be readily detected. The effects can either be less obvious than, or indistinguishable from, other intoxicants such as alcohol, marijuana, barbiturates or heroin.

Since LSD was outlawed last year the Los Angeles police department and the Los Angeles County sheriff’s office have referred about 100 LSD arrests to the District Attorney’s office. Of these 100, prosecutions have been prepared in 27 cases, but none has gone beyond the preliminary hearing stage. There is no record of any prosecutions elsewhere in California.

Burnell Blanchard, Southern California director of the State Bureau of Narcotics Enforcement, painted this picture: "I could tie up every agent in this office—30 of them—just on LSD. We haven’t been able to aim at the situation from a user standpoint at all, and I suspect the other law-enforcement agencies haven’t either.

“We’ve been going after sellers. And we can only give LSD a certain amount of attention. Since last June our marijuana seizures exactly doubled over the previous six months, in terms of quantity, and there was a 70 per cent increase in the number of defendants.

“Drug arrests of adults have risen to nearly 25,000 a year among California’s 20 million residents. About 40 per cent of the arrests are marijuana cases. About half the LSD use that has been coming to light has been coupled with marijuana.

“This LSD problem is a serious one,” said Mr. Blanchard, an official of national repute who has been in drug-law enforcement for 25 years. “Our insane asylums are going to be filled if the young people continue to use it.”

At San Francisco State College a group of scientists from its faculty, from Stanford University and from other institutions established the Institute for Psychedelic Research about months ago. Its purpose is to explore "techniques, particularly those using chemical substances known as psychedelic agents, for bringing into conscious awareness aspects of mental processes which are usually unconscious or inaccessible.”

The institute has reported that trial of such "techniques” with 350 persons over a period of several months "resulted in demonstrable changes in the direction of more adequate functioning and reduced psychic discomfort"—specifically, "greater spontaneity of emotional expression and increased self-confidence.”

Another exponent of this more liberal view of LSD research is Dr. Keith Ditman, a fellow psychiatrist of Drs. Ungerleider and Fisher at U.C.L.A.'s neuro-psychiatric institute. Dr. Ditman has been studying hallucination drugs for 10 years, and some years back took some LSD “so I know what people were talking about.”

Dr. Ditman describes his reactions as follows: “The feelings I got from listening to music and looking at art were greatly intensified. I discerned things that I never have before. LSD doesn’t give anyone talent. It gives them appreciation. I think I have a new dimension—an awakened, esthetic appreciation I didn’t have before.”

Dr. Ditman is optimistic about some long-term LSD tests he has been conducting with inmates of a detention center for alchoholics near San Diego.

"Many alcoholics are people who never had a sense of belief, hope or religious faith,” he said. “With LSD, an alcoholic may move over toward spiritual values. A whole new world opens to him. He sees beauty that wasn’t there before.”

Dr. Ditman disapproves of “making criminals out of LSD users,” on the ground that it discourages their seeking treatment, and he thinks that the habitual LSD user is an effect, rather than a cause, of “character disorders.”

No specific means has yet been found for neutralizing the effects of LSD. At the U.C.L.A. clinic, the most effective medicines in severe cases of derangement have been several of the so-called “major tranquilizer” drugs. Following that, psychiatric treatment is indicated.

Even the optimum law enforcement against LSD, says California’s Attorney General Thomas Lynch, is “only a partial solution to the problem.” Beyond that, Mr. Lynch thinks, there is need for a great educational effort to expose hallucinogens as fradulent escapism.

“We have in every large student community,” he says, “what has been described as a 'head culture’—the drug users who reject the social consciousness of their contemporaries and seek a more passive way out of modern dilemmas.”

He continued: “They devote energy and ingenuity to taking 'trips,’ which they equate with 'experience.’ This is ironic, because a 'trip' is the antithesis of experience— it is a flight from reality. Our goal must be reversing the retreat from reality within the student community.”