#protège

[lolochaponnay]

[asofterepilogue]

"macron démission" c'est soft en vrai hein, si ça tenait qu'à moi et ma baguette magique on serait plutôt sur un truc type écartèlement ou voyage spatial sans vaisseau ni combinaison

[je-suis-ronflex]

La saison des clémentines et des mandarines a enfin commencé et vous savez très bien ce que cela veut dire : je vais pouvoir m'en servir comme projectile sur les élèves tout en gardant l'esprit de Noël

[lonisaiou]

Completely random thought but I truly believe that if Kaito and Luz were to meet they would become the bestest of friends in the world

They would go full on nerd mod about their interests and exchange random facts about astronomy/magic

Im big into crossovers so I think this would create a crazy scenario, let's just ignore the fact that Kaito is held hostage on a killing game, nothing bad ever happened to him actually

[arinewman7]

Je te protège mon fils (I Protect You My Son)

Jean-Michel Péricat (piCrate)

[petitmonsieur1]

Cache-nez

[we-can-be-heroes]

Ma pote me répond comme un mec cis, genre je lui envoie 10 textos remplis de questions elle répond « je faisais la sieste 😐 » un jour et demi plus tard ça me cale 🤣🤣🤣 Tryna remplace my bf maybe ???

[lemondeabicyclette]

Une étude conclut : "le coton blanc protège mieux que la fibre de microplastique bleue" : elle n'a pas - de toute évidence - fait ses propres recherches.

[doriians]

the hero's protégé draft 4 😉

thank you so much!! it’s thursday but i DID write this yesterday. i promise!!! this is from chapter one: it’s a rewrite and i’m much happier with the characterisation + dialogue than i have been :))

“Our daughter is fine,” Zira protested, “a little loud, sometimes, sure, but–”

“When she wakes you, and it’s your turn to deal with her, you tell me the next morning that you’d rather deal with the front lines of the Neverwar,” Imalia told him, “don’t lie to me.”

Zira Xarosen, Chosen One of the Prophecy, Saviour of Cazaras, resident golden boy and hero of the Neverwar, huffed with the air of a petulant young child. “Well…”

Rilan couldn’t help but grin.

The Hero’s Protege. Chapter 1: Rituals of the Doublemoon. Draft 4.

wip-writing wednesday ask game!!

[aphotographyofyourlight]

Les yeux bleus

Mes Yeux Bleus d'Amoureux

Je me Sens si Seul

En ce Monde d'Aveugles

Que je ne Veux plus y Voir

Pour y Connaître l'Existence

Mais j'ai la Mémoire de Mes Sens

Et Mes Yeux

Bleus

D'Amoureux

Que je ne Peux que Fermer

Œuvres moi les yeux...

[lolochaponnay]

Il était une fois, un fille de 17 ans qui s'apprêtait à s'échapper par la fenêtre pour aller à une fiesta alors que ses parents avaient refusé de lui donner leur permission. Son petit frère de 16 ans la surpris en flagrant délit et demanda: -Que veux-tu faire là? -Je veux aller à cette fiesta mais s'il te plaît, ne le dit pas aux parents, sinon ils me tueront! -C'est pas grave, je ne dirai rien, à condition que nous fassions l'amour. -Mais que dis-tu, je ne peux pas! -Alors, t'a pas besoin que je protège ton secret. La fille soupira, puis dit: -C'est bon! j'accepte. Ils se mirent alors à coucher ensemble. Pendant qu'ils faisaient leurs cochonneries, la fille dit: -tu sais, tu fais mieux l'amour que papa! Son frère répondit: -Je sais, maman me l'a déjà dit!

[sloane-allister]

Tu passes définitivement trop de temps devant ton miroir. J'ai pas plus d'échanges à t'offrir, à moins de commencer à devenir vulgaire. Continue comme ça pendant la fête, et tu vas pouvoir voir ce que ça donne quand j'ai plus de patience.

Qu'est-ce qu'il n'y a pas à admirer en même temps? Je ne suis pas la poupée des USA pour rien. Oh parce que tu comptes m'insulter maintenant? Attention, Carter, je risque de mouiller ma culotte si tu continues.

Pendant vos prochaines interviews, dans vos posts Instagram, ça m'est égal

Mais il faut que vous commenciez à parler de cette réunion. Dès maintenant.

[roulerlesmecaniques]

proteges main carbone

La moto ayant a présent pas mal de pièces en veritable fibre de carbone, j'ai voulu mettre aussi des proteges main en carbone véritable. Je n'ai rien trouvé avec une forme qui me convienne, du coup, j'ai choisi des copies de proteges main Acerbis Rally Pro, en plastique noir, et barre alu, et imitation carnone.

Ce n'est pas du covering mais bien dans la masse. A moins de taper dessus ou de regarder de l'autre coté, l'illusion est parfaite, et c'est parfaitement assorti au véritable carbone mat de l'entourage du tableau de bord et des écopes de radiateur.

La seule petite deception, c'est la fixation au guidon. C'est robuste, mais pas très esthétique et beaucoup moins joli que les pontets de guidon, juste à côté, taillés dans la masse.

Les autres trucs / astuces / améliorations / commentaires sur le Fantic caballero sont disponibles <ici>

[pritam169]

https://demcra.com/r/business/1065756_Europe_Glycerol_Monooleate_Market_Size_Scope_by_Top_Key_Companyhttps://demcra.com/r/business/1065759_USA_Digital_Cinema_Lens_Market_Statistics_size_share_trend_2023-2029https://demcra.com/r/business/1065761_Europe_Thermoelectric_Cooler_TEC_Modules_Market_Tren..

[signipotens]

Agreeing with the two previous posts as both an amateur linguist and a native speaker of a North American French regiolect (Montréalais–Estrien). Arkadiev’s evidence is correct, though (23) is really really stretching it, but I don’t think the evidence he presents is strong enough to argue for Spoken French polysynthesis or even really polysynthesization (notwithstanding that structural typology is kind of fake anyways).

At most I think you can say that French has polypersonal agreement and topicalization, but the lack of noun incorporation (Arkadiev mentions this in 3.3 but I don't think he gives substantial enough evidence) and especially of lexical affixes makes me apprehensive to apply the polysynthetic label, even for a dialect like mine that makes even heavier use of polypersonal agreement and phonetic fusion than is normal in the Metropole.

I also think that Arkadiev’s analysis misses out on a key aspect of French morphophonology, which is that morpheme, syllable, and word boundaries are rarely coterminous anywhere, and can even span prosodic breaks (liaison non enchaînée). So while there are certainly no clear boundaries between the verb root and its clitics and auxiliaries (and I think it does make sense to analyze the clitics as prefixes in a polypersonal verb complex), there are also no clear boundaries between verbs and, say, the definite article of what Arkadiev calls the right-detached antitopic immediately following, and the noun following that, and the AP following that, and the PP following that, and so on.

Je le lui donne le livre [ʒø̈lːydɔnø̈lːiv] “I give him the book”

Je vais la prendre la chocolatine [ʒæːpʁ̥æ̃ːʃɔk(ɔ̥)latsin] “I am going to take the chocolatine”

(n.b. In my dialect, length and gemination are phonemic: prendre [pʁ̥æ̃~pʁ̥ɑ̃] is distinguished from prendre la [pʁ̥æ̃ː].)

I also think Arkadiev’s omission of discussion of the negation suffix pas [pɑ], which clearly ought to go in Position +1 in his lovely little verb template on p3 is striking, because [pɑ] and other negative markers like [ply] and [ʒ̊mɛ] always come immediately after the root without any intervening phrases. Except when the verb is marked with what Arkadiev identifies as future [vɛ]/[vɑ] (-7), perfective [ɛ]/[ɑ] (-2), or causative [fɛ] (-1) prefixes, in which case the negative marker goes immediately after them instead, which makes them look less like polysynthetic TAM markers in a verb complex and more like auxiliary verbs in a language with strict phrase-level syntax IMO. Add to that that Position -7 can just as easily be replaced with other auxiliaries like pouvoir, vouloir, devoir, oser (pas), and phrases like être pour, être sur le point de, avoir besoin de, venir de, which all conjugate for person & TAM and take their own arguments and adverbs.

So, as Arkadiev gives:

Je le vois [ʒø̈lvwɑ] “I see him”

Je le vois pas [ʒø̈lvwapɑ] “I do not see him”

Je vais le voir [ʒælvwɑ] “I will see him”

But also:

J’allais le voir [ʒ(ḁ)lɛlvwɑ] “I was going to see him”

Je viens de le voir [ʒjæ̃(d)l(ø̈)vwɑ] “I just saw him”

Je viens juste de le voir [ʒjæ̃ʒyslø̈vwɑ] “I just [EMPH] saw him”

Je venais de le voir [ʒ̊nɛ(d)l(ø̈)vwɑ] “I had just seen him”

Je vais pas le voir [ʒapælvwɑ] “I will not see him”

J’ose pas le voir [ʒoʊ̯z̥pælvwɑ] “I don’t dare see him”

And never:

*J’ose le voir pas. “I don’t dare see him”

*Je vais le voir pas. “I will not see him”

which would be, I think, expected in the kind of configurational root-centered verb complex that Arkadiev proposes, especially considering that that kind of negative marking is extremely common in polysynthetic languages (cf. Adyghe on p1).

Also IME double marking for indirect objects is fairly uncommon, and while Je lui donne à ma sœur doesn’t sound unnatural, it does feel a bit redundant, which I think is notable given that my dialect has basically mandatory double marking for both subjects and direct objects.

Ma sœur elle travaille à cette heure [mḁsɑœ̯ʁatʁ̥(ḁv)äjæstɑœ̯(ʁ̥)] “My sister is working right now”

as opposed to the more emphatic forms with topic:

Ma sœur, elle travaille à cette heure [mḁsɑœ̯(ʁ̥) | atʁ̥(ḁv)äjæstɑœ̯(ʁ̥)] “My sister [TOP], she is working right now”

Elle travaille à cette heure, ma sœur [atʁ̥(ḁv)äjæstɑœ̯(ʁ̥) | mḁsɑœ̯(ʁ̥)]

(n.b., the prefix [a] is the standard Québécois form of elle. I believe in France they use [ɛl] in the same way. Likewise with vais being [(v)a] in QC while [vɛ] in FR.)

Have people on here (not the linguists I mean everybody else) fully appreciated the "spoken French is mildly polysynthetic" thing? Let me caveat this be saying that I am not a proficient French speaker in any capacity; the paper (or conference talk, I guess?) which lays out this argument is fairly convincing to me assuming that its facts are right, but I have no capacity to judge how well the grammatical claims about spoken French hold up empirically.

Anyway, the take away for the non linguist is basically this: traditional French grammar, as it is taught to French schoolchildren and to foreign learners, is significantly divergent from how French is actually spoken, i.e. the grammar that a culturally-neutral linguist producing an analysis of French would come up with. In particular,

Spoken French has a complex prefixal verb template involving subject, object, and indirect object marking. In traditional French grammar these prefixes are considered independent pronouns and auxiliary verbs and are written with spaces between them, but their rigid ordering with respect to the verb root, significant phonological reduction, and the inability to dislocate them from the verb (e.g. with intervening adjectives) suggest that analyzing them as prefixes would be more standard. The fact that they are able to co-occur with independent nominals and that such constructions are quite common furthers this analysis.

If the above analysis is taken up, then spoken French is verb-centric and moderately non-configurational, in the sense that the inflected verb is the only obligatory element of the clause, and independent NPs are somewhat free with regard to the positions they can occur in. This is another typical characteristic of polysynthetic languages.

This is a strikingly different analysis than the largely analytic and moderately inflecting, strictly SVO picture of French syntax one is usually presented with. Certainly this latter picture is more descriptive of the written standard, but it seems that the spoken language either has evolved or is in the process of evolving away from that standard.

My impression from various discussions is that the more traditional, analytic constructions still exist in spoken French, but the "polysynthesis-like" constructions are becoming increasing common and favored in the spoken language. So perhaps we might say that French is "becoming mildly polysynthetic", rather than that it's already there. Still, this should be very striking even for the non-linguist: the language you see on the page is very much not always the language that is in people's mouths!