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josefavomjaaga · 3 years

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Caroline Murat and her daughter Letizia, who accompanied her mother on the trip to Munich in 1805.

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@joachimnapoleon, because she's cool like that, has dug up the letters that Caroline Murat sent to her (at the time) BFF Hortense de Beauharnais in Paris. As the letters were published in a French paper, and as I'm very unsure about French copyright, I do not want to translate them in full. But I hope it will be okay to quote one passage from it, as I think this might illustrate quite nicely all the misunderstandings and misconceptions existing between the »startup« Imperial court of the Bonaparte family and the small German "ancient" courts.

Caroline describes a visit to Electress Karoline, in presence of Caroline’s two ladies-in-waiting Madame La Grange and Madame Lambert. She had arrived in Munich on December 20th after a rather desastrous 3-days-journey that included a road accident. She wished to be lodged not in the electoral residence but in her own palace, and as she had not brought many servants (apparently, she and Murat had some financial problems at the time), she was waited upon by servants of the electoral family.

I have already written a little about Electress Karoline's first impressions of Empress Josephine here. So, now for Caroline’s impressions of the electress:

Munich, December 24, 1805 [if this isn’t a mistake in the publication, then apparently she already uses the old calendar that Napoleon will only officially reintroduce on January 1st]

[…] The Court is extremely boring. The Elector is a very good man, in the style of the Elector Archchancellor [Dalberg, who had been in Paris for the Sacre], except that he is not so witty.

I received yesterday from noon till six o'clock the foreign ministers, their wives, Prince Hohenzollern, one hundred and fifty ladies of the town, the whole household of the Elector and all the gentlemen of the town, and at the end the Electress, who saw Letitia, whom she found charming. I have done so many reverences that I am in bed with a dreadful ache.

The day before yesterday I went to the theatre, where it was colder than at the coronation; I was afraid it would hurt me.

When we go to the Elector's, a table is brought in, and Princess Augusta sits down and makes tea for everyone. Don't fancy the Court too high; they are all like good bourgeois. Nothing is funnier than to see the Elector making conversation with the Empress's maitre d`hotel. […]

Madame Beauharnois makes little of an effect. Madame Lambert makes no effect at all; as she only knows how to be silly and as I do not allow her to be silly, she is nothing. Madame La Grange makes an extraordinary effect; the elector always talks about her, because he knew her father and her whole family very well. Monsieur Daligre, though a fool, also makes an impression, because of his name and his fortune; the elector has often dined at his father's house and knows all his family well. If you come to this country, bring people who have a name, because they do not see the others, I will give you an example.

Yesterday, everyone was wondering what Mrs Lambert was, who her father was, who her husband was... So the electress approached her and said that she was very happy to return to her what her parents had done for the elector in Paris and that her name was not unknown to her, because she had heard a lot about the La Grange family; I then saw Mme Lambert blush, very embarrassed; I stepped forward and told her that she had been mistaken and that this woman was called Lambert. Then she wanted to know what she was; the questions embarrassed me, and I answered that she was the wife of one of our principal inspectors of reviews and that she had a very considerable fortune. Then her glances fell more slowly on her, and she told her that she was well pleased to make her acquaintance. While chatting with another lady, I observed Mme Lambert, who was in conversation with the electress, and I was annoyed to see that she always had an air of embarrassment and of a little girl. I am telling you all this nonsense to make you aware of what is liked here.

Except that I don’t think she really understood »what was liked« at the Bavarian court at all. Maybe I’m reading too much into this, but I think her own expectations really got in the way. What she writes seems to me like an amazing mixture of condescension - "Don't imagine too much, they live like good citizens here, the princess personally makes tea for everyone!", disappointment at not making enough of an impression (why would she even try to achieve that?), and the tacit assumption of not being taken seriously by her hosts. She immediately assumes that the electoral family occupies themselves with some of her companions more than with others because those have »a name«. Whereas Max Joseph - remember, this is the guy who walked around his capital on foot and who, in his palace, strangers liked to mistake for one of his servants - just immediately pounced on anyone whose name reminded him of his youth in Paris.

As for the scene with Madame Lambert, it's actually the Bavarian Karoline who makes a mistake and confuses the two ladies-in-waiting. Which Caroline Murat seems to think is some kind of ruse so she has an excuse to inquire about Madame Lambert's family background? I think Karoline really did address the wrong lady by mistake; she is twenty years younger than her husband, to my knowledge has never been to Paris, and probably only knows the names from Max Josef's nostalgic descriptions. She is presumably at least as embarrassed as poor Madame Lambert. Especially as she apparently continues to talk to the lady she has mistakenly addressed for quite a while, observed by Caroline Murat, despite the fact that Caroline knew nothing more to tell about her lady-in-waiting than that her husband has a pile of money.

So, plenty of misunderstandings. Caroline Murat has come to Munich to see a »real« court - and what she gets is tea served by the elector’s daughter. At the same time, she expected to meet with rejection and secret contempt, and now saw these in incidents that in themselves may have been quite harmless.

The author of the article, Paul Le Brethon, juxtaposes these letters from 1805 with a few lines from another letter written from Munich by Caroline, on her way to pick up Napoleon's new Empress Marie Louise, in March 1810 to her husband Joachim Murat:

My friend, I always feel very comfortable with the King and Queen of Bavaria; they enjoy a calm and perfect happiness in their home; their young family is very interesting [they had five daughters at the time, among them twice twins]; these children remind me of my own, and my eyes are filled with tears every time they look at them.

I think by then, Caroline had understood the difference.

#caroline murat #joachim murat #max joseph #karoline von bayern #auguste von bayern #eugene's marriage #munich 1805 #munich residence #napoleon

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greekroyalfamily · 3 years

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First of all I’ll wish You a nice sunny weekend

A couple of months ago I started publishing to my Facebook account about the jewelry that the current Hellenic Royal Family’s as also the first Hellenic Royal Family’s the Wittelsbachs who rolled for the first 30 years since the first independent Greek nation was built Female members owned or wore

So I began with HM Queen Amalia of Hellas (Greece) continued with HM Queen Olga of Hellenes (Greeks )

Then I continued with HM Queen Sofia of Hellenes and today we will see HRH Princess Maria (Bonaparte) Princess George of Greece and Denmark’s jewelry because HRH Prince George was the second born child of HM Queen Olga the first was HRH Crown Prince Konstantine I who was HMs Queen Sofia’s husband

So as you understood we’ll going to take the Royal Members by age (First the Royal Children of TMs King Georges I and Queen Olgas children and then their children and so on upp too today and always by their birth order)

As you understand it take a lot of time and research so it will be some time between sharings not to long I hope

Finally I thank YOU for the love and support to my FB group that is wat gives me tha strength and patience to make my research’s 👑🤴👸👑🇬🇷🇩🇰😘😘😘😘😘😘

HRH Princess Maria (Bonaparte)of Greece and Denmark Cartier wreath convertible tiara

(1st photo collage )

It is a tradition that continues on in the form of the wreath tiara, a classic tiara design category, often depicting laurel or olive branches in diamonds and other precious stones and metals.

Cartier's production of floral and foliage design tiaras really kicked in after 1900, and HRH Princess Marias (Bonaparte)of Greece and Denmark tiara is a grand example of the work of that famous French house from the Belle Époque period.

It was made in 1907, for her wedding to Prince George of Greece and Denmark.

The trousseau set out at her wedding was geared for a more expected path as a royal bride. The amount of jewelry was lavish enough that Cartier devoted a window to the display, this tiara included.

(2nd photo collage )

The olive branch design was a perfect fit for this particular situation, being both a symbol heavily linked to Greek history as the groom was the son of King George I of Hellenes and bridal history as brides wearing olive wreaths can be found dating back to Ancient Greece , and being reminiscent of the styles popular in the Napoleonic era as the bride was the great-grandniece of Napoleon I . In the photographs that exist of her wearing the tiara, she tends to wear it with the branches close to lying flat on the sides of her head - as worn above, she uses it in the fashion that would have been popular in those times.

( 3rd and 4th photo collage )

In this tiara, two olive branches of pavé set diamonds in platinum meet to surround a large central pear-shaped diamond pendant. Dotted throughout are large diamonds representing the fruit of the branches. These diamonds can be swapped out for emeralds set in gold (in fact, it was originally displayed in the emerald version), or even possibly rubies.

(5th photo collage )

The central pendant can be removed at will; for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953, Princess Marie wore the tiara with a diamond star in the central spot. TRH’s were in attendance to represent their nephew HM King Paul of Hellenes .

(6th photo collage )

Princess Marie Bonaparte died in 1962,the tiara inherited by her Daughter HRH Princess Eugenia of Greece and Denmark,

Princess Dominic Rainer Radzvill

(7th photo collage )

Thirty years later the tiara was sold at an auction by Princess Eugenias son who inherited it.

The central diamond was missing from the tiara at this point, and the alternative emerald and ruby stones were also apparently not included in the sale. The tiara was purchased in 1999 by the Albion Art Institute. They replaced the pear-shaped diamond, and now the tiara is shown in exhibitions around the world,They show the tiara in its diamonds-only version. It was included in Cartier's mega-exhibit, Cartier: Style and History, in Paris in 2014 .

( 8th picture-video college )

Πρώτα απ 'όλα σας εύχομαι ένα όμορφο ηλιόλουστο Σαββατοκύριακο

Πριν από μερικούς μήνες ξεκίνησα να δημοσιεύω στον λογαριασμό μου στο Facebook σχετικά με τα κοσμήματα που η τρέχουσα Ελληνική Βασιλική Οικογένεια, καθώς και η πρώτη Ελληνική Βασιλική Οικογένεια, οι Wittelsbach που βασιλευαν τα πρώτα 30 χρόνια από τότε που ιδρύθηκε το πρώτο ανεξάρτητο ελληνικό έθνος.

Ξεκίνησα λοιπόν με τη βασίλισσα Αμαλία της Ελλάδας συνέχισα με τη βασίλισσα Όλγα των Ελλήνων

Στη συνέχεια συνέχισα με την ΑΜ Βασιλισσα Σοφία

και σήμερα θα δούμε για τα κοσμήματα της ΑΒΥ Πριγκιπισσα Μαρια (Βοναπάρτη )της Ελλάδας και Δανίας συζύγου της ΑΒΥ Πρίγκιπα Γεωργίου της Ελλαδος και Δανίας ο οποιος ήταν το δεύτερο παιδί των ΑΜ Βασιλέων Γεωργίου Α’ και Ολγας των Ελλήνων το πρώτο τους παιδί ήταν η ΑΒΥ διάδοχος πρίγκιπας Κωνσταντίνος Α’που ήταν σύζυγος της βασίλισσας Σοφίας

Έτσι, όπως καταλάβατε, θα πάρουμε τα Βασιλικά Μέλη κατά ηλικία (Πρώτα τα Βασιλικά παιδιά των βασιλιάδων Γεωργιου Α’ και Όλγας στη συνέχεια των παιδιών τους και ούτω καθεξής εως και σήμερα και πάντα με τη σειρά γέννησής τους)

Όπως καταλαβαίνετε, χρειάζεται πολύς χρόνος και έρευνα, οπότε ελπίζω να μην μεσολαβήσει πολύς χρόνος μεταξύ των αναρτήσεων στην ομάδα μου στο FB

Τέλος, σας ευχαριστώ για την αγάπη και την υποστήριξη στην ομάδα μου στο FB γιατί αυτή μου δίνει δύναμη και υπομονή να κάνω την έρευνά μου

Η Cartier Διαμαντένια σε σχήμα αρχαίου ελληνικου στεφανιού τιάρα της ΑΒΥ Πριγκίπισσας Μαρίας (Βοναπάρτη ) της Ελλάδας και της Δανίας

(1ο κολάζ με φωτογραφίες )

Είναι μια παράδοση που συνεχίζεται με τη μορφή της τιάρας στεφάνιου μιας κλασικής κατηγορίας σχεδίασης τιάρας, που συχνά απεικονίζει κλαδιά δάφνης ή ελιάς απο διαμάντια και άλλους πολύτιμους λίθους και μέταλλα.

Η παραγωγή των τιάρων με σχέδιο λουλουδιών και φυλλωμάτων από τον Cartier ξεκίνησε πραγματικά μετά το 1900, και η ΑΒΥ Πριγκίπισσα Μαρία (Βοναπάρτη ) της Ελλάδας και Δανίας είναι ένα μεγάλο παράδειγμα της δουλειάς εκείνου του διάσημου γαλλικού οίκου από την περίοδο της Belle Époque.

Έγινε το 1907, για τον γάμο της με τον πρίγκιπα Γεώργιο της Ελλάδας και της Δανίας.

Η συλλογή κοσμημάτων που ξεκίνησε απο γάμο της ήταν προσανατολισμένη σε μια πιο αναμενόμενη συλλογη για μια βασιλική νύφη.

Η ποσότητα των κοσμημάτων ήταν αρκετά πλούσια ώστε ο Cartier αφιέρωσε ένα παράθυρο στην βιτρίνα του στο Παρίσι συμπεριλαμβανομένης και αυτής της τιάρας.

(2ο κολάζ με φωτογραφίες)

Ο σχεδιασμός του κλαδιού της ελιάς ταιριάζει απόλυτα σε αυτή τη συγκεκριμένη κατάσταση, καθώς ήταν και σύμβολο που συνδέεται έντονα με την ελληνική ιστορία καθώς ο γαμπρός ήταν γιος του βασιλιά Γεωργίου Α και η νυφική ιστορία, καθώς νύφες που φορούσαν στεφάνια ελιάς χρονολογούνται από την Αρχαία Ελλάδα , και θυμίζοντας τα στυλ που ήταν δημοφιλή στη Ναπολεόντειο εποχή καθώς η νύφη ήταν η δισέγγονη του Ναπολέοντα Α.

Στις φωτογραφίες της που φοράει την τιάρα, τείνει να τη φοράει με τα κλαδιά κοντά στο πλάι του κεφαλιού της τη χρησιμοποιεί με τον τρόπο που ήταν δημοφιλής εκείνη την εποχή.

(3o και 4ο κολάζ με φωτογραφίες )

Σε αυτή την τιάρα, δύο κλαδιά ελιάς από παβέ διαμάντια σε πλατίνα συναντιούνται για να περιβάλλουν ένα μεγάλο κεντρικό διαμάντι σε σχήμα αχλαδιού.

Διάσπαρτα σε όλο το μήκος είναι μεγάλα διαμάντια που αντιπροσωπεύουν τον καρπό των κλαδιών. Αυτά τα διαμάντια μπορούν να αντικατασταθούν με σμαράγδια σε χρυσό (στην πραγματικότητα, εμφανίστηκε αρχικά στην σμαραγδένια έκδοση), ή ακόμη και ρουμπίνια.

(5ο κολάζ με φωτογραφίες )

Το κεντρικό μενταγιόν μπορεί να αφαιρεθεί κατά βούληση. για τη στέψη της βασίλισσας Ελισάβετ Β 'το 1953, η πριγκίπισσα Μαρί φορούσε την τιάρα με ένα διαμαντένιο αστέρι στο κεντρικό σημείο. Οι ΑΒΥ παρευρέθηκαν για να εκπροσωπήσουν τον ανιψιό τους, τον βασιλιά Παύλο των Ελλήνων.

(6ο κολάζ με φωτογραφίες )

Η πριγκίπισσα Μαρία Βοναπάρτη πέθανε το 1962 και την τιάρα κληρονόμησε η κόρη της η ΑΒΥ Πριγκίπισσα Ευγενεία της Ελλαδος και Δανίας

(7ο κολάζ με Φωτογραφίες )

Τριάντα χρόνια αργότερα 1992 η τιάρα πουλήθηκε σε δημοπρασία από τον γιο της Πριγκιπισσας Ευγενείας που είχε κληρονομήσει

Το κεντρικό διαμάντι έλειπε από την τιάρα οπως και οι εναλλακτικές πέτρες από σμαράγδι και ρουμπίνι επίσης προφανώς δεν συμπεριλήφθηκαν στην πώληση.

Η τιάρα αγοράστηκε το 1999 από το Ινστιτούτο Τέχνης Albion. Αντικατέστησαν το διαμάντι σε σχήμα αχλαδιού και τώρα η τιάρα εμφανίζεται σε εκθέσεις σε όλο τον κόσμο. Δείχνουν την τιάρα στην εκδοχή της μόνο για διαμάντια. Περιλήφθηκε στη μεγάλη έκθεση Cartier, Cartier: Style and History, στο Παρίσι το 2014.

(8ο κολάζ με φωτογραφία -βίντεο )

#kingconstantine #danishroyalfamily #crownprincepavlos #queenannemarie #greekroyals #danishroyals #house of romanov #queen olga #queen anne marie

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indischen · 3 years

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Stunning engagement rings inspired by royalty

It is believed that the first bejewelled engagement ring was presented by Archduke Maximilian of Austria to his future bride in 1477. Engagement rings only truly became popular, however, in the early 1800s, helped along by Prince Albert designing and giving Queen Victoria a gold ring featuring diamonds, rubies and an emerald, styled in the form of a serpent – a symbol of wisdom and commitment. Since then, the design choice of regal engagement rings have reverberated into contemporary pieces available today, with brides adorning their vena amoris with inspiration taken from these original royal influencers. Read on for Tatler’s pick of the most glittering rings fit for a royal.

Queen Elizabeth II – Diamond Solitaire

In July 1947, the late Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark presented the future Queen Elizabeth II with a ring by Philip Antrobus. The Prince helped to design the ring using diamonds that originated in a tiara belonging to his mother, Princess Alice of Battenberg. The ring features a three carat central white diamond solitaire with five small diamonds mounted each side set in platinum. The style of a central diamond solitaire still accounts for 85 per cent of engagement ring choices today.

Empress Josephine and Queen Margrethe II of Denmark – Toi et Moi

The romantic setting of the Toi et Moi style of ring features two stones set in opposite directions. In 1796 Napoleon Bonaparte presented his bride-to-be, Josephine, with an engagement ring featuring two pear-shaped stones, a blue sapphire and a white diamond set in gold. In later years, Empress Josephine’s ring was passed through the generations until being sold at auction to a private buyer in 2013 – fetching nearly a million pounds, 50 times the estimated price. In 1966, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, an eighth generation descendent of Empress Josephine and third cousin to Queen Elizabeth II, was presented with a slightly larger version featuring six carat twinned cushion cut diamonds designed by Van Cleef and Arpels.

Queen Maxima of the Netherlands – East/West setting

Despite some controversy surrounding Maxima being the daughter of a senior ranking officer of the Argentinian Videla dictatorship, she and Prince Willem-Alexander became engaged in 2001 with a ring featuring a rare orange diamond – a fitting tribute to the House of Orange-Nassau – the reigning house of the Netherlands. The East/West set diamond is flanked by two white diamonds and two diamond pave bands. Similarly, twice engaged Princess Madeleine of Sweden firstly wore an emerald cut diamond solitaire in an East/West setting with a pavé band.

Princess Alexandra and Princess Marie-Chantal of Greece – Cabochon

Already having a well established association with royalty, the cabochon has seen a recent revival in popularity. The Imperial State Crown itself hosts a red cabochon spinel known as the Black Prince’s Ruby, believed to have been worn in the helmet of King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt. Royal bridesmaid and first cousin to Queen Elizabeth II, Princess Alexandra was proposed to in 1962 by Sir Angus Ogilvy with a giant cabochon sapphire set in a yellow gold band flanked by a diamond on either side. In 1995 Marie-Chantal Miller became engaged to Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, son of King Constantine II and Queen Anne-Marie, with a ring featuring a cabochon cut blue sapphire, a family heirloom, with a heart shaped diamond set to one side.

Wallis Simpson – Emeralds

After a 325-day reign, King Edward VIII abdicated, declaring, ‘I have found it impossible to carry the heavy burden of responsibility and to discharge my duties as King as I would wish to do without the help and support of the woman I love’ – and by so doing became the Duke of Windsor, free to marry Wallis Simpson, a twice-divorced American socialite, which he did six months later in June 1937. Wallis had a whopping 19 carat emerald engagement ring set by Cartier, inscribed with the words, ‘We are ours now 27 x 36,’ widely believed to represent the day and year of his proposal. In 1958, to celebrate their 20th anniversary, the Duchess returned the ring to Cartier, asking for it to be brought up to date with a more elaborate gold setting. To this day it remains one of the more expensive and unusual royal engagement rings with a purchase price equating to £700,000 today.

The Duchess of Cornwall – Art Deco

In 2005 Clarence House announced the engagement of Prince Charles to Camilla Parker Bowles, eldest child of Major Bruce Shand and his wife Rosalind Cubitt, the daughter of Roland Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe. As an engagement ring, Charles presented Camilla with a family heirloom, believed to have come from the Queen Mother’s collection, an Art Deco style ring featuring a five carat emerald cut diamond at its centre with additional diamond baguettes on each side. The marriage was to have been on 8 April 2005, but was delayed by one day to allow the Prince of Wales and some of the invited dignitaries to attend the funeral of Pope John Paul II.

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brookstonalmanac · 3 years

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Events 6.21

533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong of the Yuan. 1529 – French forces are driven out of northern Italy by Spain at the Battle of Landriano during the War of the League of Cognac. 1582 – Sengoku period: Oda Nobunaga, the most powerful of the Japanese daimyōs, is forced to commit suicide by his own general Akechi Mitsuhide. 1621 – Execution of 27 Czech noblemen on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain. 1734 – In Montreal in New France, a slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique is put to death, having been convicted of setting the fire that destroyed much of the city. 1749 – Halifax, Nova Scotia, is founded. 1768 – James Otis Jr. offends the King and Parliament in a speech to the Massachusetts General Court. 1788 – New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the Constitution of the United States. 1791 – King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during the French Revolution. 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill. 1813 – Peninsular War: Wellington defeats Joseph Bonaparte at the Battle of Vitoria. 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea. 1826 – Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas. 1848 – In the Wallachian Revolution, Ion Heliade Rădulescu and Christian Tell issue the Proclamation of Islaz and create a new republican government. 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road begins. 1898 – The United States captures Guam from Spain. The few warning shots fired by the U.S. naval vessels are misinterpreted as salutes by the Spanish garrison, which was unaware that the two nations were at war. 1900 – Boxer Rebellion: China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi. 1915 – The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down Oklahoma grandfather clause legislation which had the effect of denying the right to vote to blacks. 1919 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg general strike. 1919 – Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet at Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed are the last casualties of World War I. 1929 – An agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow ends the Cristero War in Mexico. 1930 – One-year conscription comes into force in France. 1940 – World War II: Italy begins an unsuccessful invasion of France. 1942 – World War II: Tobruk falls to Italian and German forces; 33,000 Allied troops are taken prisoner. 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by Japan against the United States mainland. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends when the organized resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island. 1952 – The Philippine School of Commerce, through a republic act, is converted to Philippine College of Commerce, later to be the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. 1957 – Ellen Fairclough is sworn in as Canada's first female Cabinet Minister. 1963 – Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini is elected as Pope Paul VI. 1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Michael Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan. 1970 – Penn Central declares Section 77 bankruptcy in what was the largest U.S. corporate bankruptcy to date. 1973 – In its decision in Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller test for determining whether something is obscene and not protected speech under the U.S. constitution. 1978 – The original production of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical, Evita, based on the life of Eva Perón, opens at the Prince Edward Theatre, London. 1982 – John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan. 1989 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397, that American flag-burning is a form of political protest protected by the First Amendment. 2000 – Section 28 (of the Local Government Act 1988), outlawing the 'promotion' of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote. 2001 – A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicts 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen. 2004 – SpaceShipOne becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight. 2005 – Edgar Ray Killen, who had previously been unsuccessfully tried for the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Mickey Schwerner, is convicted of manslaughter 41 years afterwards (the case had been reopened in 2004). 2006 – Pluto's newly discovered moons are officially named Nix and Hydra. 2009 – Greenland assumes self-rule. 2012 – A boat carrying more than 200 migrants capsizes in the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian island of Java and Christmas Island, killing 17 people and leaving 70 others missing.

#Events

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shannonselin · 7 years

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20 March 1811: Napoleon’s only legitimate child, Napoleon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte (also known as the King of Rome, the Eaglet, l’Aiglon, Napoleon II, the Prince of Parma, the Duke of Reichstadt) was born at the Tuileries Palace in Paris. His birth was a touch-and-go affair. The attending doctor, Antoine Dubois, feared that either Napoleon’s wife Marie Louise, or the baby, might die. Here’s how Napoleon described the King of Rome’s birth when he was in exile on St. Helena.

“I gave Dubois a hundred thousand francs for his services as accoucheur at the birth of my son. It was on Corvisart’s recommendation that I employed him. I had better have taken the first accoucheur that came to hand. The day the child was born the Empress had walked some time with me. Her pains were coming on, but they did not think the birth would take place for four hours. I took my bath. While I was in it, Dubois rushed to me in great excitement, pale as death. I cried out, ‘Is she dead?’ – for as I have been long accustomed to hear of startling events, they do not take great effect on me when first announced to me. It is afterwards. Whatever might be told me I should feel nothing at first. An hour later I should feel the blow. Dubois assured me no – but that the child was not coming to the birth in the usual way. That was very unfortunate. It is a thing that does not happen once in two thousand cases.

“I rushed at once to the Empress. She had to be moved onto another bed that they might use instruments. Madame de Montesquiou reassured the Empress, telling her that the same thing had happened twice to herself, and encouraged her to let the doctors do what they thought necessary. She screamed horribly. I am not naturally soft-hearted, yet I was much moved when I saw how she suffered. Dubois hardly knew what to do, and wanted to wait for Corvisart. The Duchesse de Montebello acted like a fool.

“When the King of Rome was born it was at least a minute before he gave a cry. When I came in he was lying on a coverlet as if dead. Madame de Montebello wanted to follow out all the rules of court etiquette on the occasion. Corvisart sent her off at once. At last, after much rubbing, the child came to himself. He was only a little scratched about the head. The Empress had thought herself lost. She had persuaded herself that her life was to be sacrificed to save that of the child. But I had given orders quite to the contrary.”

For more about Napoleon’s son, see:

Napoleon II: Napoleon’s Son, the King of Rome

The Perilous Birth of the King of Rome

Anecdotes of Napoleon’s Son, the King of Rome

The Death of Napoleon’s Son, the Duke of Reichstadt

Image: The King of Rome by Pierre Paul Prud’hon, 1811

#napoleon #napoleon's son #king of rome #royal birth #on this day #1811 #l'aiglon

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ohhthatssosarella · 3 years

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May 24

[1153] King of Scotland, David I died.

[1494] Florentine artist, Jacopo da Pontormo was born.

[1543] Polish astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus died.

[1607] Captain Christopher Newport and 105 followers found the colony of Jamestown at the mouth of the James River on the coast of Virginia.

[1689] The Toleration Act was passed by the British Parliament, granting freedom of worship to Nonconformists and allowing them their own places of worship and tjeir own teachers and preachers.

[1738] The Methodist Church is established.

[1743] French politician, physician and journalists, Jean-Paul Marat was born.

[1764] Boston lawyer James Otis denounces "taxation without representation" calling for the colonies to unite in opposition to British new tax measures.

[1803] French scientist, Charles-Lucien Bonaparte, prince di Canino e di Musignano was born.

[1819] Queen of the United Kingdom, Victoria was born.

[1830] The first line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad opened with the maiden voyage of Peter Cooper's locomotive Tom Thumb.

[1830] Mary Had A Little Lamb was published.

[1844] Samuel Morse tapped out "What hath God wrought" in the world's first telegraph message.

[1846] General Zachary Taylor captured Monterey.

[1856] A group of abolitionists led by John Brown launched a nighttime raid on a proslavery settlement at Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas Territory, during which five men were murdered.

[1878] The first American bicycle race is held in Boston.

[1883] The Brooklyn Bridge, designed by John Augustus Roebling, was opened.

[1925] American comic-book artist, Carmine Michael Infantino was born.

[1941] American musician, Bob Dylan was born.

[1941] German battleship Bismarck sinks the British battle cruiser HMS Hood; 1,416 died and 3 survived.

[1956] The first Eurovision Song Contest was held in Lugano, Switzerland.

[1961] Civil rights activists were arrested in Jackson, Mississippi.

[1994] Four men convicted in the 1993 bombing of tje World Trade Center in New York City were each sentenced to 240 years in prison.

[2001] 23 people died in the Jerusalem Wedding Hall Disaster.

#on this day in history #on this day #otd #american history #world history #death dates #birthdates #may

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ladysophy · 4 years

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Who do you think you'd get along with best and least out of members of the Greek royal family?

Very interesting question! This took me some time to think about it and the answer is quite lengthy.

Let’s see, I feel that I will be able to get along with most of the historical GRF because I have a diplomatic, tactful and peaceful nature in general. Too be honest, it might take me a while to open up to the men than the women because I’m very shy towards the opposite sex (due to a semi-religious upbringing and a parent who didn’t want me to have any male friends). But I will open up once I get the green light that they are genuinely interested in getting to know me and not looking for their latest bedroom conquest if you know what I mean.

I find myself getting along with Queen Sophia because we both have introverted and quiet personalities. We also have the same interests in the healing arts and the environment. I also can image myself getting along with Princess Alice for the same reasons. And being a mediator for both Sophia and Alice to help with conflicts they may have. Queen Olga would be a mother-figure to me in some way. Even protective. While I imagine myself being cordial and polite with Elena, Marie Georgievna and Marie Bonaparte, I do not see myself being close to them because our personalities are very different.

I find myself being a big sister figure to Princesses Helen, Irene and Katherine.

Now for the men. Prince Nicholas would be able to get me out of my shell because of his tactful manner. But I’m still cordial with him because of Elena. I don’t know, but Elena strucks me as someone who doesn’t want Nicholas to have any close female friends. I could be wrong though. I imagine myself being extremely timid with Constantine (especially when the two of us are alone). I feel in his soul he’s not a bad person, but he has a lot of militaristic energy to the point of making someone like me intimidated at first. Sophia possibly has to talk to him to stop making me nervous. I don’t find being buddies with him (even though I may talk with him about current events once in a while). However, I do find myself being more cordial with him than Prince Andrew. I’m polite and cordial with Andrew, but not very close (due to different personalities). George I is like a cordial boss of a company/father figure, but stern. Prince Christopher may make me laugh a couple of times, but I’m still timid with him. Prince George too. I do find myself talking with Grand Duke George Mikhailovich (Marie Georgievna’s husband) about art and current events.

I see myself bringing George II out of his shell a little and making him laugh on occasion. I think I may be a mediator for him and Alexander too on occasion . However, I find myself relating more to Alexander for some reason. I also find myself bringing Aspasia out of her shell and relating to her on many things due to being the “outsider”. Paul may bring me out of my shell too. I can imagine it.

#thoughts #greek royalty

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weolcantramp · 7 years

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The Midheaven: How You Will Be Remembered

The Midheaven (MC) is commonly thought to describe one’s career path. Although this is a decent indicator of one’s overall path, it can be hard to relate to a specific career so early in one’s life. So, if you don’t relate to your Midheaven like, “Oh, you have a MC in Aries, so you’re probably going to be a police officer, solider, or athlete" then maybe try thinking of the Midheaven as how you will be remembered or what you are generally associated with. (Always trust your dominant sign to describe you the most- *a post similar to this coming soon) ✨No matter what career you decide, you will be remembered by your peers, co-workers, friends, and family by traits from the sign, aspects*, and planets* bestowed upon your 10th House.✨

♈ Aries MC: will be remembered for their courage, boldness, intimidating/unsettling nature, and/or originality. (ex. Stephen King, Meryl Streep, Kanye West, Joan of Arc, Bill Gates, Angelina Jolie, Madalyn Murry O'Hair, Pablo Picasso, Rachel Maddow, Will Smith, Franz Kafka, Tyra Banks, Aleister Crowley, Tina Fey, Francisco de Goya, Julia Roberts, Chris Farley, Joseph Goebbels, Marvin Gaye, Iggy Pop, Kate Moss, Alfred Hitchcock, George Wallace, Hank Williams, Ayn Rand, Rob Zombie, Alexandre Dumas, John Steinbeck, Anne Frank, Twiggy, Jack Black, William Blake, Celine Dion, Galileo Galilei, Al Gore, Emmylou Harris, Las Vegas-Nevada, Manhattan-New York)

♉ Taurus MC: will be remembered for their extravagant style or possessions, their values, and/or “diva” attitude. (ex. Henry VIII, Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe, Tina Turner, Pope Francis, Jackie Robinson, Selena Gomez, Drake, Donald Trump, Freddie Mercury, Agatha Christie, Muhammad Ali, Frida Kahlo, O. J. Simpson, Justin Timberlake, Marlene Dietrich, Malala Yousafzai, Christopher Columbus, Michael Bay, Luciano Pavarotti, Nicole Richie, Woody Allen, Marilyn Manson, Maya Angelou, Martin Scorsese, Bernie Madoff, Ringo, Josephine Baker, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Sarah Palin, Josh Groban, Chris Brown, Mary Kate & Ashley Olsen, Norway)

♊ Gemini MC: will be remembered for/through words (writing, phrase, acting, thoughts, speech), their cleverness, and/or mental/emotional detachment. (ex. Jean-Jaques Rousseau, Albert Camus, Madonna, J.R.R. Tolkein, Donna Summer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Chelsea Handler, Alex Trebek, Kurt Cobain, Julie Andrews, Oscar Wilde, Jay-Z, Richard Nixon, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Tom Hanks, Kris Jenner, Walt Disney, Miss Cleo, Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, Hugh Hefner, Lizzie Borden, Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Kathy Bates, Winston Churchill, Melissa Ethridge, Ernest Hemingway, Margaret Mitchell, Paul Simon, Greece, Tokyo-Japan)

♋ Cancer MC: will be remembered for their emotional impact, sensitivity, and/or parental care/control. (ex. Beyoncé, Matamha Gandhi, John F. Kennedy, Venus Williams, Britney Spears, Arthur Rimbaud, Elizabeth Warren, Denzel Washington, Jeffery Dahmer, Sun Yet-sen, Bob Hope, Stevie Wonder, Anderson Cooper, Cat Stevens, Anna Nicole Smith, Joe Jonas, Rock Hudson, Alice Cooper, Woodrow Wilson, Barbara Walters, T. S. Elliot, Coretta Scott King, Albert Schweitzer, Ted Cruz, Monica Lewinsky, H.P. Lovecraft, Anaïs Nin, Katie Couric, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Carole King, Neil Diamond, Harper Lee, Giacomo Puccini, Sidney Poitier, September 11 attacks, United Kingdom)

♌ Leo MC: will be remembered for their theatrics, arrogance/vanity, power, and/or regality. (ex. Grace Kelly, Prince, Isaac Newton, Adolf Hitler, Katy Perry, Charlie Chaplin, Aretha Franklin, Sigmund Freud, Jacqueline Onassis-Kennedy, Stanley Kubrick, Courtney Love, Mark Twain, Chaka Khan, Napoleon Bonaparte, Kathy Griffin, Jim Carrey, Alfred Nobel, Eric Clapton, Annie Oakley, Martha Stewart, Divine, Louis Pasteur, Robin Williams, Ludwig Van Beethoven, Chuck Berry, Vladimir Putin, Clint Eastwood, Missy Elliot, Frank Sinatra, Mel B, Edgar Allan Poe, Los Angeles-CA)

♍ Virgo MC: will be remembered for their scandals/controversy, never-ending toil, physicality/health and/or attention to detail. (ex. Hillary Clinton, Bruce Lee, Kim Kardashian, Ellen DeGeneres, Brad Pitt, Nelson Mandela, Bette Davis, Justin Bieber, Elvis Presley, Erykah Badu, Jimmy Page, Eartha Kitt, Leonardo de Vinci, Bob Marley, Joan Crawford, Margaret Thatcher, Eminem, Friedrich Nietzsche, David Lynch, Chaz Bono, Marlon Brando, Björk, Ozzy Osborne, Emily Brontë, Bernie Sanders, Georgia O'Keeffe, Diana Ross, Kahlil Gibran, Russia, United States)

♎ Libra MC: will be remembered for their inner/outer beauty, adaptability, and/or desire for or appearance of stability. (ex. Elton John, Jane Goodall, Malcolm X, Coco Channel, Kylie Jenner, Ronald Reagan, Princess Diana, Michelangelo, Oprah Winfrey, Bob Dylan, Winona Ryder, Jimi Hendrix, Mother Teresa, Elizabeth Taylor, Cristiano Ronaldo, Angela Merkel, Tom Brokaw, Alan Watts, Charles Darwin, Brigitte Bardot, Patti Smith, Chuck Norris, Linda Lovelace, Ray Charles, Lionel Messi, Eleanor Roosevelt, Lewis Carroll, Noam Chomsky, Lucille Ball, Venice-Italy)

♏ Scorpio MC: will be remembered for their physical attractiveness, taboo activities/topics, and/or natural talent. (ex. James Joyce, Billie Holiday, Taylor Swift, Barack Obama, Carrie Fisher, Jim Morrison, Selena, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Queen Elizabeth II, Ariana Grande, Marie Curie, Anthony Hopkins, René Descartes, Nina Simone, Willem Dafoe, Paul Newman, Mariska Hargitay, Thomas Jefferson, Ray Bradbury, Joseph Stalin, Larry King, Duke Ellington, Joan Jett, Buddy Holly, Megan Fox, Johnny Knoxville, Daniel Day-Lewis, Gwen Stefani, Francis Ford Coppola, Sophia Loren, Marcus Aurelius, China)

♐ Sagittarius MC: will be remembered for their joviality, reckless/wild free spirit, sense of humor, and/or philosophy/spirituality. (ex. Al Capone, Deepok Chopra, Shia LaBeouf, Audrey Hepburn, Harvey Milk, Johnny Cash, David Bowie, Bettie Page, Pablo Neruda, J. K. Rowling, Christina Aguilera, Michael Jackson, Henry David Thoreau, Adele, Janis Joplin, Maximilien Robespierre, Ellen Pompeo, Whitney Houston, Paul McCartney, Evel Knievel, Bruno Mars, Jimmy Fallon, Peggy Lipton, Karl Marx, George Takei, Ryan Gosling, Whoopi Goldberg, Vincent Price, Rio de Janeiro-Brazil)

♑ Capricorn MC: will be remembered for their accomplishments/legacy, conquering of odds, and/or persistence. (ex. Martin Luther King Jr., George Washington, Rihanna, Isadora Duncan, Benjamin Franklin, James Dean, Nikola Tesla, John D. Rockefeller, Serena Williams, Joan Baez, Snoop Dogg, Alexander the Great, Barbara Streisand, Ron Howard, Stevie Nicks, Bette Midler, Joan Rivers, Immanuel Kant, Queen Latifah, Johann Sebastian Bach, Walt Whitman, Che Guevara, Liza Minnelli, Amelia Earhart, Mariah Carey, John Lennon, George Lucas, Donatella Versace, Louis Armstrong, Pakistan)

♒ Aquarius MC: will be remembered for their rebellious nature, involvement in a social organization/group, and/or unpredictability. (ex. Miley Cyrus, Tim Burton, Voltaire, Mick Jagger, Carl Sagan, Rita Hayworth, Neil Armstrong, Amy Winehouse, Pamela Anderson, Carlos Santana, Edward Snowden, Leo Tolstoy, Mae West, Orson Welles, Charlie Sheen, Eva Peron, Miles Davis, Bruce Springsteen, Johann Kepler, Suddam Hussein, Ruby Rose, Gerard Way, Helen Mirren, Howard Stern, Arthur Conan Doyle, Mary Shelley, George R. R. Martin, Kristen Stewart, Jean Piaget, Ronda Rousey, Willow Smith, Florida, India)

♓ Pisces MC: will be remembered for their delusional optimism, supernatural success, and/or they are often idolized. (ex. Vincent Van Gogh, Albert Einstein, Irene Cara, Cher, Salvador Dalí, William Shakespeare, Edie Sedgwick, Fidel Castro, Lady Gaga, Dalai Lama XIV, Steven Spielberg, George Michael, Marie Antoinette, RuPaul, Judy Garland, Michael Phelps, Sally Ride, John Cena, William Faulkner, Victoria Beckham, Lee Harvey Oswald, Douglas Adams, Jean Renoir, Buzz Aldrin, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Farrah Fawcett, Osama bin Laden, Sam Cooke, Michael Jordan, Switzerland, North Korea)

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nikolaeftimov-blog · 7 years

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Princess Marie Bonaparte (2 July 1882 – 21 September 1962) was a French author and psychoanalyst, closely linked with Sigmund Freud. Her wealth contributed to the popularity of psychoanalysis, and enabled Freud's escape from Nazi Germany.

Marie Bonaparte was a great-grandniece of Emperor Napoleon I of France. She was the only child of Prince Roland Bonaparte (19 May 1858 – 14 April 1924) and Marie-Félix Blanc (1859–1882). Her paternal grandfather was Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte, son of Lucien Bonaparte, who was one of Napoleon's rebellious and disinherited younger brothers. For this reason, despite her title Marie was not a member of the dynastic branch of the Bonapartes who claimed the French imperial throne from exile. Her maternal grandfather was François Blanc, the principal real-estate developer of Monte Carlo. It was from this side of her family that Marie inherited her great fortune.

In 1925, Marie consulted Freud for treatment of what she described as her frigidity, which was later explained as a failure to have orgasms during missionary position intercourse. It was to Marie Bonaparte that Freud remarked, "The great question that has never been answered and which I have not yet been able to answer, despite my thirty years of research into the feminine soul, is 'What does a woman want?'".

Although Prince George maintained friendly relations with Freud, in 1925 he asked Marie to give up her work in psychoanalytical studies and treatment to devote herself to their family life, but she declined.

Robed in the diplomatic immunity of a member of a reigning European royal family and possessed of great wealth, Marie was often able to help those threatened or despoiled by World War II. When the Greek royal family were in exile or Greece was under occupation, she helped support her husband's banished relatives, including allowing the family of her husband's nephew, Prince Philip of Greece, to occupy one of her homes in Saint-Cloud and paying for their private schooling while sending her own children to public lycées.

Later she paid Freud's ransom to Nazi Germany and bought the letters Freud had written to Wilhelm Fliess about his use of cocaine from Fliess's widow when he could not afford her price. Freud wished the letters destroyed, but Marie refused, insisting that they were of historical importance. She agreed never to read them, however, and they were not published until 1984. She was also instrumental in delaying the search of Freud's apartment in Vienna by the Gestapo and later arranged for Freud to smuggle abroad some of his savings in a Greek diplomatic pouch. She persuaded Anton Sauerwald, a Nazi, to sign the papers enabling Freud to leave Vienna and also arranged for the transport to London of his books, collection of antiquities and analytic couch.

On 2 June 1953, Marie and her husband represented their nephew, King Paul of Greece, at the coronation of Elizabeth II in London. Bored with the pageantry, Marie offered a sampling of the psychoanalytic method to the gentleman seated next to her, the future French president François Mitterrand. Mitterrand obliged Marie, and the couple barely witnessed the pomp and ceremony, finding their own dialogue far more interesting.

She practiced as a psychoanalyst until her death in 1962, providing substantial services to the development and promotion of psychoanalysis. She authored several books on psychoanalysis, translated Freud's work into French and founded the French Institute of Psychoanalysis (Société Psychoanalytique de Paris SPP) in 1926. In addition to her own work and preservation of Freud's legacy, she also offered financial support for Géza Róheim's anthropological explorations. A scholar on Edgar Allan Poe, she wrote a biography and an interpretation of his work.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Marie_Bonaparte?oldformat=true

#Princess Marie Bonaparte

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leyhejuhyunghan · 7 years

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Les XX and Peter Benoit (Belgian,1834–1901) and Henri Rochefort (French, 1831-1913), and Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883), Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1863

#LesXX and Peter Benoit (Belgian,1834–1901) and Henri Rochefort (French, 1831-1913), and Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883), Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1863

Les XX and Belgian musicians Peter Benoit (Belgian,1834–1901) and Jan van Beers (Belgian, 1852-1927), Henri Rochefort (French, 1831–1913) and Victor Hugo (French, 1802-1885) and Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883)

Les XX and Belgian musicians

Between 1888 and 1893, Vincent d’Indy worked with Octave Maus and a group of Belgian musicians, including the internationally famous violinist, Eugene Ysaye, to create a dynamic concert series ofavant-garde music. Each year the principle French composers o f the day, including Gabriel Faurd, Ernest Chausson, Charles Bordes, Peter (pp.9-10) Benoit, Emanuel Chabrier, Cesar Franck, Julien Tiersot, Chevillard, and Paul Vidal, would travel from Paris to Brussels, to hear world-class performances o f their music and often perform their works to large and appreciative audiences o f the general public. The phenomena was exceptional and in essence paralleled the art exhibitions, which involved many ofthe principle Parisian artists from Van Gogh, to Seurat, Monet, Rodin, Gaugin, Pissaro, Lautrec and Redon, to name but a few.

“Les Vingt and the Belgian Avant-Garde" A Discussion of the Music Staged Under the Auspices of Les Vingt; its Esthetic Relationship to Music, Art and Literature in Belgium and France, with reference to Le Societe Nationale de Musique, Paris. Andrew Smith, University of Hartford, 2003, pp. 9-10

Peter Benoit (Belgian,1834–1901) - Rubens Cantata (1877) https://youtu.be/CEoWft7jUsA

Peter Benoit (Belgian,1834–1901) and Henri Rochefort (French, 1831-1913), and Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883), Le déjeuner sur l'herbe), 1863

Peter Benoit (17 August 1834 – 8 March 1901), was a Flemish composer of Belgian nationality.

Petrus Leonardus Leopoldus Benoit was born in Harelbeke, Flanders, Belgium in 1834. He was taught music at an early age by his father and the village organist. In 1851 Benoit entered the Brussels Conservatoire, where he remained till 1855, studying primarily with FJ Fétis. During this period he composed music to many melodramas, and to the opera Le Village dans les montagnes for the Park Theatre, of which in 1856 he became the resident conductor. In 1857 he won the Belgian Prix de Rome for his cantata Le Meurtre d'Abel. The accompanying money grant enabled him to travel through Germany. In the course of his journings he found time to write a considerable amount of music, as well as an essay called L'École de musique flamande et son avenir. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Benoit

Henri Rochefort (French, 1831-1913)

Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay (30 January 1831 – 30 June 1913[1]) was a French politician. He was born in Paris and died in Aix-les-Bains. His father was a Legitimist noble who, as Edmond Rochefort, was well known as a writer of vaudevilles; his mother's views were republican. After experience as a medical student, a clerk at the Hôtel de Ville in Paris, a playwright and a journalist, he joined the staff of Le Figaro in 1863; but a series of his articles, afterwards published as Les Français de la décadence[2] (3 vols., 1866–68), brought the paper into collision with the authorities and caused the termination of his engagement.

In 1869, after two unsuccessful candidatures, he was returned to the Corps Législatif, (the then lower house of the French Parliament) by the first circonscription of Paris. He was arrested on the frontier, only to be almost immediately released, and forthwith took his seat.

He renewed his onslaught on the Empire, starting a new paper, La Marseillaise, as the organ of political meetings arranged by himself at La Villette. The staff was appointed on the votes of the members, and included Victor Noir and Paschal Grousset. The violent articles in this paper led to the duel which resulted in Victor Noir's death at the hands of Prince Pierre Bonaparte. The paper was seized, and Rochefort and Grousset were sent to prison for six months. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Henri_Rochefort,_Marquis_de_Rochefort-Luçay

Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883), The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe), 1863, Oil on canvas, 208 cm × 264.5 cm (81.9 in × 104.1 in), Musée d'Orsay, Paris. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Déjeuner_sur_l’herbe

Peter Benoit (17 August 1834 – 8 March 1901), was a Flemish composer of Belgian nationality.

Fétis loudly praised his Messe solennelle, which Benoit composed in Brussels on his return from Germany. In 1861 he visited Paris for the production of his opera Le Roi des Aulnes ("The Erl King"), which, though accepted by the Théâtre Lyrique, was never performed. (He also composed a work for piano and orchestra called Le Roi des Aulnes.) While there he conducted at the Théâtre des Bouffes Parisiens. Again returning home, he astonished the musical community with the production in Antwerp of a sacred tetralogy, consisting of his Cantate de Noël, the above-mentioned Mass, a Te Deum and a Requiem, in which were embodied to a large extent his theories about Flemish music.[1]

Benoit passionately pursued the founding of an entirely separate Flemish school, and to that purpose even changed his name from the French "Pierre" to the Dutchequivalent "Peter". Through prodigious effort he succeeded in gathering a small group of enthusiasts who recognized with him the potential for a Flemish school that would differ completely from the French and German schools. However these intentions failed, as the school's faith was tied too closely to Benoit's music, which was hardly more Flemish than it was French or German.[1]

Benoit's most important compositions include the Flemish oratorios De Schelde (The river Scheldt) and Lucifer (which met complete failure when it was staged in London in 1888), the operas Het Dorp in 't Gebergte (The village in the mountains) and Isa, and the Drama Christi, a huge body of songs, choruses, small cantatas and motets. Benoit also wrote a great number of essays on musical matters.[1]

He also composed a Flute Concerto (Symphonic Tale), Op. 43a, and a Piano Concerto (Symphonic Tale), Op. 43b.

He died in Antwerp on 8 March 1901, aged 66.[1]

Honours[edit] 1881: Commander in the Order of Leopold. [2] 1882: Member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium. [3]

Peter Benoit painted by Jan van Beers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Benoit#/media/File:Benoit-door-vBeers-jr.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Benoit

Jan van Beers (artist) Jean Marie Constantin Joseph "Jan" van Beers (27 March 1852 – 17 November 1927) was a Belgian painter and illustrator, the son of the poet Jan van Beers. They are sometimes referred to as Jan van Beers the elder and Jan van Beers the younger. In 1884, Jan Van Beers produced the pen-and-ink sketches for the edition de luxe of his father's poetry. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Beers_(artist)

Jan van Beers (Belgian, 1852-1927), When stars set https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Beers_(artist)#/media/File:When_stars_set_by_Jan_van_Beers.jpg

Jan van Beers (Belgian, 1852-1927), The melon seller https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Beers_(artist)#/media/File:Jan_van_Beers_-_The_Melon_seller.jpg

Jan van Beers (Belgian, 1852-1927), Boy with hummingbird https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Beers_(artist)#/media/File:Boy_with_hummingbird,_Jan_van_Beers.jpg

Jan van Beers (Belgian, 1852-1927), Henri Rochefort, undated. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Beers_(artist)#/media/File:Jan_van_Beers_-_Henri_Rochefort.jpg

Henri Rochefort Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay (30 January 1831 – 30 June 1913[1]) was a French politician. He was born in Paris and died in Aix-les-Bains. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Henri_Rochefort,_Marquis_de_Rochefort-Luçay

A painting by Manet, depicting Rochefort's escape https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Henri_Rochefort,_Marquis_de_Rochefort-Luçay#/media/File:Edouard_Manet_078.jpg

Édouard Manet: Henri Rochefort (1881) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Henri_Rochefort,_Marquis_de_Rochefort-Luçay#/media/File:Edouard_Manet_048.jpg

Life[edit]

His father was a Legitimist noble who, as Edmond Rochefort, was well known as a writer of vaudevilles; his mother's views were republican. After experience as a medical student, a clerk at the Hôtel de Ville in Paris, a playwright and a journalist, he joined the staff of Le Figaro in 1863; but a series of his articles, afterwards published as Les Français de la décadence[2] (3 vols., 1866–68), brought the paper into collision with the authorities and caused the termination of his engagement.

Rochefort circa 1865. Photo by Disderi In collaboration with different dramatists he had meanwhile written a long series of successful vaudevilles, which began with the Monsieur bien mis at the Folies Dramatiquesin 1856. On leaving Le Figaro Rochefort determined to start a paper of his own, La Lanterne. The paper was seized on its eleventh appearance, and in August 1868 Rochefort was fined 10,000 francs, with a year's imprisonment.

He then published his paper in Brussels, whence it was smuggled into France. Printed in French, English, Spanish, Italian and German, it went the round of Europe. After a second prosecution he fled to Belgium. A series of duels, of which the most famous was one fought with Paul de Cassagnac à propos of an article on Joan of Arc, kept Rochefort in the public eye.

The revolution of September was the signal for his release. He became a member of the Government of National Defence, but this short association with the forces of law and order was soon broken on account of his openly expressed sympathy with the Communards. On 11 May 1871, he fled in disguise from Paris. A week earlier he had resigned with a handful of other deputies from the National Assembly rather than countenance the dismemberment of France. Arrested at Meaux by the Versailles government, he was detained for some time in prison with a nervous illness before he was condemned under military law to imprisonment for life.

In spite of Victor Hugo's efforts on his behalf he was transported to New Caledonia. In 1874, he escaped on board an American vessel to San Francisco. He lived in London and Geneva until the general amnesty permitted his return to France in 1880. In Geneva, he resumed the publication of La Lanterne, and in the Parisian papers articles constantly appeared from his pen.

A painting by Manet, depicting Rochefort's escape When at length in 1880 the general amnesty permitted his return to Paris, he founded L'Intransigeant in the radical and socialist interest. For a short time in 1885-86 he sat in the Chamber of Deputies, but found a great opportunity next year for his talent for inflaming public opinion in the Boulangist agitation. He was condemned to detention in a fortress in August 1889 at the same time as General Boulanger, whom he had followed into exile. He continued his polemic from London, and after the suicide of General Boulanger he attacked M. Constans, minister of the interior in the Freycinet cabinet, with the utmost violence, in a series of articles which led to an interpellation in the chamber in circumstances of wild excitement and disorder.

The Panama scandals furnished him with another occasion, and he created something of a sensation by a statement in Le Figaro that he had met M. Clemenceau at the table of the financier Cornelius Herz. In 1895 he returned to Paris, two years before the Dreyfus affairsupplied him with another point d'appui. He became prominent among the anti-Dreyfusards along with people such as Edouard Drumontand Hubert-Joseph Henry, and had a principal share in the organization of the press campaign. Subsequently he was editor of La Patrie. As a result of his journalistic descent, this aristocratic author is remembered today as "the prince of press controversy" ("le Prince des polémistes").

Personal life[edit]

Édouard Manet: Henri Rochefort(1881) Henri had a long-standing relationship with an editor/translator by the name of Anna-Catherine Strebinger, whom he married in May 1878.[3] Anna-Catherine is featured prominently as "Catherine" in Wanda von Sacher-Masoch's memoir Confessions de Ma Vie. Catherine did translations of many of the works of Leopold von Sacher-Masoch. In her book, Wanda describes Catherine's relationship with Henri as being open, with Catherine openly taking many lovers.

Works[edit]

Besides his plays and articles in the journals Rochefort published several separate works, among them being:

Les Petits Mystères de l'Hôtel des Ventes (1862), a collection of his art criticisms Les Dépravés (Geneva, 1882) Les Naufrageurs (1876) L'Évadé (1883) Napoléon dernier (3 vols., 1884) Les Aventures de ma vie (5 vols., 1896) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Henri_Rochefort,_Marquis_de_Rochefort-Luçay

Paschal Grousset (French, 1844-1909) Jean François Paschal Grousset (7 April 1844, Corte – 9 April 1909, Paris) was a French politician, journalist, translator[1] and science fiction writer. Grousset published under the pseudonyms of André Laurie, Philippe Daryl, Tiburce Moray and Léopold Virey.

Grousset was born in Corte, Corsica, and studied medicine before commencing a journalistic career. In 1869 he began working for the weekly newspaper La Marseillaise, writing pro-revolutionary articles. As a result of an attempt by Grousset to challenge Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte to a duel during 1870, Grousset's second, Victor Noir, was shot and killed by Bonaparte during a quarrel. Later the same year Grousset was sentenced to six months imprisonment. He was elected a member of the Paris Commune, becoming a member of its Executive Committee and Delegate for External Affairs.

After the fall of the Commune, he was arrested and, in 1872, he was deported to New Caledonia. He escaped, and lived in Sydney, San Francisco, New York City and London, making a living by teaching French. He returned to France after the 1880 amnesty, becoming involved in literature and physical culture, but eventually returning to politics and, in 1893, becoming a Socialist Deputy for the 12th arrondissement of Paris.

Like Jules Verne, he was another discovery of publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel. He "collaborated" with Verne on Les Cinq Cent Millions de la Begum (1879), L'Étoile du Sud (1884) and L'Épave du Cynthia (1885). Some scholars[who?] believe that these works were based on manuscripts written by Grousset and rewritten by Verne at Hetzel's request.

One of Grousset's most interesting science fiction novels was Les Exilés de la Terre — Selene-Company Limited (1887), probably one of the most fanciful cosmic tales of all times. In it, a consortium which intends to exploit the Moon’s mineral resources decides that, since our satellite is too far to be reached, it must be brought closer to the Earth. A Sudanese mountain composed of pure iron ore becomes the headquarters of the newly established Selene Company. Solar reflectors are used to provide the energy required to convert the mountain into a huge electro-magnet, with miles of cables wrapped around it. A spaceship-cum-observatory is then built on top of the mountain. When the experiment begins, the mountain is ripped away from the Earth and catapulted to the Moon. There, the protagonists have various adventures and eventually return to Earth by re-energizing the mountain.

Other notable works by Grousset published under the Laurie pseudonym include De New York à Brest en Sept Heures [New York to Brest In Seven Hours] (1888), which predicted a transatlantic tunnel; Le Secret du Mage [The Secret Of The Magician] (1890), in which evidence of an advanced prehistoric is discovered; Le Rubis du Grand Lama [The Ruby Of The Great Lama] (1894), which features a steam-powered flying island; Atlantis (1895), which describes how the mythical kingdom has survived under a glass dome at the bottom of the sea near the Azores; Le Maître de l'Abîme [The Master Of The Abyss] (1905), which features a revolutionary submarine, and finally Spiridon le Muet [Spiridon The Mute] (1907), a remarkable novel about a human-sized, intelligent ant. The character of Spiridon, depicted as a non-human alien, gifted with great knowledge, an insatiable scientific curiosity but no human feelings or emotions, the victim of mankind’s petty jealousies and racial fears, is a striking departure from the Vernian influence that permeated the rest of Laurie’s works.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paschal_Grousset

Victor Hugo (French, 1802-1885) Victor Marie Hugo (French: [viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo] (About this sound listen); 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic movement. Hugo is considered to be one of the greatest and best-known French writers. Outside of France, his most famous works are the novels Les Misérables, 1862, and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame(French: Notre-Dame de Paris), 1831. In France, Hugo is known primarily for his poetry collections, such as Les Contemplations (The Contemplations) and La Légende des siècles (The Legend of the Ages).

Hugo was at the forefront of the romantic literary movement with his play Cromwell and drama Hernani. Many of his works have inspired music, both during his lifetime and after his death, including the musicals Notre-Dame de Paris and Les Misérables. He produced more than 4,000 drawings in his lifetime, and campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment.

Though a committed royalist when he was young, Hugo's views changed as the decades passed, and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time. He is buried in the Panthéon in Paris. His legacy has been honoured in many ways, including his portrait being placed on French currency. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Hugo

Édouard Manet (French, 1832-1883)

Édouard Manet (US: /mæˈneɪ/ or UK: /ˈmæneɪ/; French: [edwaʁ manɛ]; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism.

Born into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the future originally envisioned for him, and became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe) and Olympia, both 1863, caused great controversy and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism. Today, these are considered watershed paintings that mark the start of modern art. The last 20 years of Manet's life saw him form bonds with other great artists of the time, and develop his own style that would be heralded as innovative and serve as a major influence for future painters. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Édouard_Manet

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recentmagazine-blog · 7 years

Text

Royal jewels tiara. The most beautiful tiaras.

http://www.recentmagazine.com/royal-jewels-tiara/

Royal jewels tiara. The most beautiful tiaras.

Tiara has always been a compulsory attribute of real princesses and queens. In modern world representatives of the royal family prefer it lighter and more convenient and at the same time more luxurious tiaras. Recentmagazine.com introduce in your attention Royal jewels tiara of Kate Middleton, Queen Leticia, Princess Charlene and other August personalities. “LOVE SITES "OF THE ROYAL FAMILY OF THE GREAT BRITAIN Tiara Cambridge Lover's Knot ("Nodes of Love") to princess Diana gave Queen Elizabeth II for the wedding day. Jewelry house Garrard prepared "Nodes of Love" in 1914 especially for the Queen Maria, the wife of George V. Tiara decorated with pearls and 19 diamonds and according to words of Diana weight so much that causes a headache. Now, this jewelry uses the wife of the eldest son Lady Dee, Duchess Catherine, on, especially solemn occasions. DIAMOND TIARA of Keyt Middleton Tiara Cartier of 16 curls, decorated with 739 diamonds and 149 diamonds of baguette cut. Also belonged to Queen Mary, and then passed to Elizabeth II: George VI gave her daughter for 18 years. Princess Margaret and Anna wore it too. This decoration, especially important for Kate Middleton. Because tiara complimented her wedding image. RUBIN Burmese Tiara OF ELIZABETH II Unlike the other Royal jewels tiara, The Burmese Tiara Elizabeth ordered for herself, didn't inherit it. Jewelers Garrard made it in 1973 from Rubin which Burmese people gave to the Queen for a wedding. The Burmese believe that Rubins rescue human from the different type of diseases. By design, Tiara resembles a wreath of roses with rosettes of rubies in the center of each flower and diamond petals.

SPANISH HERALDIC TIARA "FLER DE FOX", OR LA BUENA

The head the Queen of Spanish Leticia on the official activities often decorate outstanding heraldic tiara. The decoration became the wedding present of King Alfonso XIII to his bride Victoria Battenberg.

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It was made of platinum and encrusted with more than 500 diamonds, and at the heart of the "drawing" is the heraldic lily. Due to the strength of the metal, the decoration can also be bent into the crown

DANISH RUBY Tiara Favorite Tiara Crown Princess Mary - part of a Danish ruby parure, which also includes a necklace and earrings.The wife of the King of Sweden and Norway, Charles XIV, Johan Desire Clary, first put it on the coronation of Napoleon in 1804. Mary inherited a complete set, but it was her tiara that she liked most. TIARA KNYAGINI MONACO SHARLEN "DIAMOND FOAM" Franco-German jeweler Lorenzo Baumer made a tiara for Princess Charlene especially for a ball in honor of her wedding with Prince Albert. "Diamond Foam" was supposed to reflect Charlaine's love for water - in the past, her son's son, Grace Kelly, professionally engaged in swimming. Thin tiara as if woven from the "waves" of white gold, decorated at the ends with diamonds. The weight of the largest of them is 8 karats, and in total the jewelry weighs 60 karats. Interestingly, the tiara is divided into individual jewelry: brooches and plumes for the hair.

Tiara CARTIER of the Queen of Jordan Alia

The famous tiara of the Jordanian royal family was made by masters Jewelry Home Cartier for Queen Alia. Its design reminds someone a complex floral wreath, and someone - a combination of snowflakes. After the death of Alia in 1977 tiara passed to her daughter princess Khaya. Now we can often see on Queen Rani. At first Khaya lent her a decoration for the coronation of Abdullah II, then for other ceremonial events, and afterwards sold it to the queen.

RUBIN TIARA OF THE ROYAL FAMILY OF THE NETHERLANDS The people know tiara as "cat ears". They called because of its unusual shape. King Willem III ordered her jeweler Mellerio in Paris for his wife, Queen Emma, in 1889. Tiara was a member of the Oranski-Nassau pair of seven items, and now it is part of the collection of Royal jewels tiara of Queen Maxima. Sapphire Tiara DUTCH ROYAL FAMILY Another favorite decoration of Queen Maxima - a sapphire tiara, which, like a ruby, created a Goldsmith Mellerio. It based on the brooch of Anna Pavlovna, the Queen of the Netherlands and the daughter of the Russian Emperor Paul I. Platinum diadem adorned with 31 Kashmir sapphires and 655 South African diamonds. Tiara SWEDISH ROYAL FAMILY THE CUT STEEL TIARA Tiara The Cut Steel Tiara became part of the collection of ornaments of the royal family of Sweden after the wedding of Josephine Leuchtenberg and Oscar I: Napoleon Bonaparte's heiress brought it with her as a dowry. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push(); For many years the tiara was considered lost, but then it was found by Queen Sylvia. Now the ladies of the Swedish family wore it by turn, especially Crown Princess Victoria likes it.

#jewels #princess #recent magazine #recent magazines #Royal jewels tiara #tiara

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brookstonalmanac · 4 years

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Events 6.21

533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong of the Yuan. 1529 – French forces are driven out of northern Italy by Spain at the Battle of Landriano during the War of the League of Cognac. 1582 – Sengoku period: Oda Nobunaga, the most powerful of the Japanese daimyōs, is forced to commit suicide by his own general Akechi Mitsuhide. 1621 – Execution of 27 Czech noblemen on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain. 1734 – In Montreal in New France, a slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique is put to death, having been convicted of setting the fire that destroyed much of the city. 1749 – Halifax, Nova Scotia, is founded. 1768 – James Otis Jr. offends the King and Parliament in a speech to the Massachusetts General Court. 1788 – New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the Constitution of the United States. 1791 – King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during the French Revolution. 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill. 1813 – Peninsular War: Wellington defeats Joseph Bonaparte at the Battle of Vitoria. 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea. 1826 – Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas. 1848 – In the Wallachian Revolution, Ion Heliade Rădulescu and Christian Tell issue the Proclamation of Islaz and create a new republican government. 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road begins. 1898 – The United States captures Guam from Spain. 1900 – Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi. 1915 – The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down Oklahoma grandfather clause legislation which had the effect of denying the right to vote to blacks. 1919 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg general strike. 1919 – Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet at Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed are the last casualties of World War I. 1929 – An agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow ends the Cristero War in Mexico. 1930 – One-year conscription comes into force in France. 1940 – World War II: Italy begins an unsuccessful invasion of France. 1942 – World War II: Tobruk falls to Italian and German forces. 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by Japan against the United States mainland. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends when the organized resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island. 1952 – The Philippine School of Commerce, through a republic act, is converted to Philippine College of Commerce, later to be the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. 1957 – Ellen Fairclough is sworn in as Canada's first female Cabinet Minister. 1963 – Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini is elected as Pope Paul VI. 1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Michael Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan. 1970 – Penn Central declares Section 77 bankruptcy, largest ever US corporate bankruptcy up to this date. 1973 – In handing down the decision in Miller v. California 413 US 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller test for obscenity in U.S. law. 1978 – The original production of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical, Evita, based on the life of Eva Perón, opens at the Prince Edward Theatre, London. 1982 – John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan. 1989 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Texas v. Johnson that American flag-burning is a form of political protest protected by the First Amendment. 2000 – Section 28 (of the Local Government Act 1988), outlawing the 'promotion' of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote. 2001 – A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicts 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen. 2004 – SpaceShipOne becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight. 2005 – Edgar Ray Killen, who had previously been unsuccessfully tried for the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Mickey Schwerner, is convicted of manslaughter 41 years afterwards (the case had been reopened in 2004). 2006 – Pluto's newly discovered moons are officially named Nix and Hydra. 2009 – Greenland assumes self-rule. 2012 – A boat carrying more than 200 migrants capsizes in the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian island of Java and Christmas Island, killing 17 people and leaving 70 others missing.

#Events

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fadingfartconnoisseur · 7 years

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How You Can Experience 1920s Paris Today

If there is one era I’d want to visit more than any other, it’s Paris in the 1920s. I’m in love with that decade. The literature, jazz, optimism, style, and atmosphere — I love it all. Midnight in Paris is my favorite Paris movie, and I often wish I could make that real life.

However, unless you have a time machine, you can’t really visit 1920s Paris. What made les Années folles special can never be relived — the spirit, psyche, people, and music have long since faded away. But, as we have seen with the rise of Gatsby-themed parties and Prohibition-style bars, you can pretend! And that’s what I did on a recent visit to Paris, where there are still enough spots that recreate the era’s vibe to fill a visit.

Things to See and Do

20 rue Jacob – Back in the ’20s, a lot of American expats hosted salons that would bring together artists and writers to discuss and debate specific topics. One of the most famous was led by writer Natalie Clifford Barney. Although the building she lived in has been rebuilt since her time, during the day, you can often peer into the courtyard and garden where she held her salons.

The Luxembourg Garden (Jardin du Luxembourg; 6th arrondissement) – This is one of my all-time favorite places to visit when I’m in Paris. These beautiful and gigantic gardens, which surround the Luxembourg Palace (now home to the National Assembly), are also full of walking paths, chairs to relax in, ponds and fountains, statues, and finely manicured lawns that can’t help but inspire and soothe you. On a warm day, the gardens are bursting with people. In his day, Ernest Hemingway was also a fan, and it is said he wrote a lot during his strolls around the gardens.

Shakespeare & Co. (37 Rue de La Bûcherie, http://ift.tt/j7zTtn) – Located across from Notre Dame, Shakespeare & Co. is one of the most iconic bookshops in the world. The original store opened in 1919 and served as a popular haunt for writers such as Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, and others who fancied themselves writers (Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast has a chapter about his visit). The original location closed during WWII. The current store and location dates to 1951. It still captures the spirit of the writer class and does a lot to support writers (it has 13 beds writers can sleep in for free!), hosting readings and events throughout the year. I love wandering through its stacks and picking out unknown titles.

Montmartre – The Left Bank was the main hangout of artists and writers, but when they crossed the Seine, they went to Montmartre, where the cheap shops, cafés, and restaurants served as a backdrop to their discussions and work. They painted in the squares, debated in the streets, and wandered the tiny cobblestone streets in solitary thought. Today, thanks to the cheap housing, the area is still home to artists and painters (though it is far more touristy)!

27 rue de Fleurus – Another salon was hosted by the famous Gertrude Stein, who lived at this address. Anyone who was anyone attended them, including Joyce, Hemingway, Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Guillaume Apollinaire, and Ezra Pound. Today, the rue de Fleurus is a quiet street and the house she lived in has been remodeled, but there’s a plaque above the address marking this famous spot, so you can sit for a moment and imagine what it would have been like to see all the greats walk in and out!

Where to Eat

Les Deux Magots (6 Place Saint-Germain des Prés, www.lesdeuxmagots.fr) and Café de Flore (172 Boulevard Saint-Germain, www.cafedeflore.fr) – These two cafés are most synonymous with the Lost Generation (those who grew up during and just after World War I). Located right near each other in the now-trendy Saint-Germain-des-Prés quarter of Paris, these cafés are where all the artists and writers hung out in the 1920s. Picasso, Hemingway (again), Simone de Beauvoir, André Gide, Jean Giraudoux, Jean Paul Sartre — they were always here. Les Deux Magots sits on the corner of Boulevard Saint-Germain and Rue Bonaparte and fills the sidewalk with its chairs and tables, while the inside retains its old look: white walls, columns, and large mirrors. Café de Flore, with its large plants and flowers in the entranceway, is cozier but also retains its old-style marble floor and red leather seats.

La Closerie des Lilas (171 Boulevard du Montparnasse, http://ift.tt/1qWubrJ) – At the far end of the Luxembourg Gardens, you’ll find this tiny little café with a dimly lit interior and large outdoor patio hidden from the street by giant plants. It is said that Hemingway first read The Great Gatsby here. Like the other venues, the interior is still identical to how was it was 1920s.

Le Polidor (41 Rue Monsieur le Prince, www.polidor.com/en) – In Midnight in Paris, this is where Gil meets his idol, Ernest Hemingway. During the 1920s, this was actually a popular location for the likes of Joyce, Hemingway, André Gide, and Antonin Artaud. Thanks to the movie, restaurant is doing a booming business, but if you can find a seat, you’ll see that the hard-wood interior and décor has changed little since the ’20s. Imagine yourself sitting next to some famous artist of the day over delicious food and wine!

Where to Listen to Music

There aren’t many original music and jazz clubs left that have been around since the 1920s. Most have shifted focus, but if you want to listen to some good music, I recommend these three jazz bars:

Le Caveau de la Huchette (5 Rue de la Huchette, http://ift.tt/2o1XPk4r) – This place has become increasingly popular since it was mentioned in the hit movie La La Land.

Le Caveau des Oubliettes (52 Rue Galande, http://ift.tt/2opQOp5) – An awesome club in the Latin Quarter. This small venue is an ex wine cave dating back centuries. Small and intimate, it’s my favorite of the three.

Le Duc des Lombards (42 Rue des Lombards, http://ift.tt/KR1cBV) – On the right bank, this jazz club is probably the most famous (and touristy) of the city but it gets incredible acts and pumps out some of the best jazz and blues in the area!

Where to Drink

Harry’s New York Bar (5 Rue Daunou, www.harrysbar.fr/en) – This is where they created the Bloody Mary and the Sidecar. This nondescript bar opened in 1911 and was a popular hangout for Fitzgerald and Hemingway. The tiny bar, with its deep wood finish, carved ceilings, and red leather seats, still remains intact.

Dingo Bar (10 Rue Delambre) – This is where Hemingway first met Fitzgerald. It was popular with the Lost Generation because it was one of the few places that were open all night (and they liked to party late into the morning). Today, it’s an Italian restaurant called L’Auberge de Venise, but the original bar remains and you can still come and pretend to have a drink with “Papa.”

The Prescription Cocktail Club (23 Rue Mazarine, http://ift.tt/14VKLuM) – From the street, all you see is a curtained window, but when you get inside, you’re reminded of a 1920s NYC-style speakeasy. True, this place didn’t exist in the 1920s, but if you’re looking for incredible cocktails and an ambiance and class that says “welcome to history,” slide up to the marble bar and enjoy a drink in this darkly lit bar with exposed bricks and old-fashioned furniture.

The Little Red Door (60 Rue Charlot, www.lrdparis.com) – Located in the Marais, this is another bar looking to recreate that 1920s speakeasy vibe. It’s easy to pass the little red door of a nondescript building that hides this beautiful small bar with brick walls, eclectic furniture, and amazing (strong) cocktails. While it lacks the true ’20s feeling of the Prescription Cocktail Club, it’s still a fun place to visit!

***As Hemingway once wrote, “If you are lucky enough to have lived in Paris as a young man, then wherever you go for the rest of your life, it stays with you, for Paris is a moveable feast.” Paris has changed a lot since les Années folles, and while it will never be the same, you can visit the old haunts and — just for a moment — transport yourself back in time and imagine what it was like.

Recommended Books and Movies

A Moveable Feast by Ernest Hemmingway

When Paris Sizzled by Mary McAuliffe

Everybody Was So Young by Amanda Vaill

Paris in the 1920s with Kiki de Montparnasse by Xavier Girard

Shakespeare and Company by Sylvia Beach

Flappers: Six Women of a Dangerous Generation by Judith Mackrell

Paris Without End: The True Story of Hemingway’s First Wife by Gioia Diliberto

The Crazy Years: Paris in the Twenties by William Wiser

Midnight in Paris, directed by Woody Allen

Photo credit: 4, 5

The post How You Can Experience 1920s Paris Today appeared first on Nomadic Matt's Travel Site.

via Travel Blogs http://ift.tt/2opK8HA

#IFTTT #Travel Blogs

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touristguidebuzz · 7 years

Text

How You Can Experience 1920s Paris Today

Things to See and Do

Shakespeare & Co. (37 Rue de La Bûcherie, http://bit.ly/2n9FPiO) – Located across from Notre Dame, Shakespeare & Co. is one of the most iconic bookshops in the world. The original store opened in 1919 and served as a popular haunt for writers such as Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, and others who fancied themselves writers (Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast has a chapter about his visit). The original location closed during WWII. The current store and location dates to 1951. It still captures the spirit of the writer class and does a lot to support writers (it has 13 beds writers can sleep in for free!), hosting readings and events throughout the year. I love wandering through its stacks and picking out unknown titles.

Where to Eat

La Closerie des Lilas (171 Boulevard du Montparnasse, http://bit.ly/2o2Pr3y) – At the far end of the Luxembourg Gardens, you’ll find this tiny little café with a dimly lit interior and large outdoor patio hidden from the street by giant plants. It is said that Hemingway first read The Great Gatsby here. Like the other venues, the interior is still identical to how was it was 1920s.

Where to Listen to Music

There aren’t many original music and jazz clubs left that have been around since the 1920s. Most have shifted focus, but if you want to listen to some good music, I recommend these three jazz bars:

Le Caveau de la Huchette (5 Rue de la Huchette, http://bit.ly/2n9OFwRr) – This place has become increasingly popular since it was mentioned in the hit movie La La Land.

Le Caveau des Oubliettes (52 Rue Galande, http://bit.ly/2o2YrWm) – An awesome club in the Latin Quarter. This small venue is an ex wine cave dating back centuries. Small and intimate, it’s my favorite of the three.

Le Duc des Lombards (42 Rue des Lombards, http://bit.ly/2o2SBV5) – On the right bank, this jazz club is probably the most famous (and touristy) of the city but it gets incredible acts and pumps out some of the best jazz and blues in the area!

Where to Drink

The Prescription Cocktail Club (23 Rue Mazarine, http://bit.ly/2o2XM7x) – From the street, all you see is a curtained window, but when you get inside, you’re reminded of a 1920s NYC-style speakeasy. True, this place didn’t exist in the 1920s, but if you’re looking for incredible cocktails and an ambiance and class that says “welcome to history,” slide up to the marble bar and enjoy a drink in this darkly lit bar with exposed bricks and old-fashioned furniture.

Recommended Books and Movies

A Moveable Feast by Ernest Hemmingway

When Paris Sizzled by Mary McAuliffe

Everybody Was So Young by Amanda Vaill

Paris in the 1920s with Kiki de Montparnasse by Xavier Girard

Shakespeare and Company by Sylvia Beach

Flappers: Six Women of a Dangerous Generation by Judith Mackrell

Paris Without End: The True Story of Hemingway’s First Wife by Gioia Diliberto

The Crazy Years: Paris in the Twenties by William Wiser

Midnight in Paris, directed by Woody Allen

Photo credit: 4, 5

The post How You Can Experience 1920s Paris Today appeared first on Nomadic Matt's Travel Site.

0 notes