#pie reconstructionism

[faith-of-the-wheel]

I saw this wonderful post, and decided to piggyback off of it to talk about an important and often understated aspect of Indo-European theology. It has been argued convincingly by actual academics(and Ceisiwr Serith if you don't want to drown in sesquipedalian nonsense. Also, you're welcome for giving you a new word to google) that the Proto-Indo-European religion(as we have reconstructed it, anyway) deified abstractions.

Put simply, they believed that the existence of a concept implied the existence of deity who ruled over it. Take jokes for an example. Jokes are not a material thing but they are a concept unique unto themselves and all people across all cultures recognize them in some form or another. Therefore, there must be a god of jokes. While I can think of some rather humorously characterized deities, I can not think a historically attested or reconstructed god of jokes worshiped by ancient peoples, but the existence means there is a being who governs/embodies them.

If a concept can not/is not rolled into a previously known/worshiped deity, and there is a perceived need to worship the being who embodies the concept, then a new cult centered around this deity is formed. This deified concept is often simply noun representing said concept as a name.

This system is perhaps most strongly represented by the Roman religion. The cults of Luna, Fortuna, and Salus, were all created in this way. The well reconstructed PIE deity Xaryomen is often thought to be this type of deity, representing IE society(or society at large today) as a whole, perhaps not all that unlike the many "National Gods" of the Ancient Middle East.

I've made a previous post about how I believe Ares is this type of god, wherein I suppose that the use of his name as a noun meaning 'war' may predate his cult entirely.

Ares’ name is often used in ways that make it clear that war is his realm, just as the sea is the realm of Poseidon, the underworld the realm of Hades, and the sky the realm of Zeus. In the Iliad, several characters refer to war as ‘the turmoil of Ares’. Nestor refers to a great clash of armies as a ‘deed of Ares’. The works of war are the works of Ares (Hom. Il. 11.732–36). The poet refers to war as ‘the strife of Ares’ (Hom. Il. 5.861; 14.149). It is at the hands of Ares that battles are endured (Hom. Il. 3.126–28), and it is by Ares that the combatants are slain: Nestor speaks of the many long-haired Achaians whose blood keen Ares has spilled around the river Skamander (Hom. Il. 7.328–30), while Priam tells both his household and Achilles that Ares has slain his many fine sons (Hom. Il. 24.253–62, 498).27 When the spears are flying, Ares guides their paths. The poet tells us how Ares causes spears to fall short from Meriones and Automedon (Hom. Il. 16.610–13, 17.525–29), just as he allows the spear to embed itself in the chest of Alkathous, robbing it of its momentum only once the man has been mortally wounded (Hom. Il. 13.443–44). In similar fashion, the sixth century poet Anakreon, as quoted in the Palatine Anthology, describes the battle-dead as being slain by Ares (Anth. Pal. 7.226 = Anac. fr.100D Diehl), as do the seventh-century Spartan poet Tyrtaios (Stob. Flor. 4.10. 6 = Tyrtaios fr.12 West) and a pair of Archaic inscribed epitaphs. To Anakreon, those who survive a battle do so because they have been spared by Ares (Anth. Pal. 7.160 = Anac. fr.100D Diehl). Ares was unique amongst all the gods of the ancient Aegean in being a god whose name was used as a metonym for war. While divine warriors, patrons of warriors, protectors in battle, and bringers of destruction could be found throughout the Near East, only Ares was identified directly with war. The Classical Attic tragedians inherited the idea that Ares was both synonymous with war as its anthropomorphic personification and also its divine ruler, responsible for all deaths in battle and for the survival of all those who walked away. In this, Ares filled a distinct niche, more specific than Zeus and Fate, who ruled over all walks of life, and less partisan than the many warrior-protectors who stalked each battlefield. Stories about and cults for Ares therefore enabled the Greeks to engage with the idea of war as an independent force with a distinctive character. - Alexander T. Millington, Worshipping Violence, in Brill's Companion to Greek Land Warfare Beyond the Phalanx

[faith-of-the-wheel]

Ares/Thracian "Dionysos", A cognate of Rudlos?

This is one I will add for a more personal reason, but I think he has some connections. I'll explain but bare with me and acknowledge I consider more a UPG association than anything else. Perhaps someone here will find my shot in the dark interesting.

One of the twelve Olympians, son of Zeus, god of war, battlelust, courage and civil order. He is also associated Masculinity in general and modern Hellenists/Hellenic Polytheists often share the Personal Gnosis that he is a patron of mental health and one's struggle with it.

Now first, let me lay out a few facets of Ares I consider notable to this list. Although he is sometimes depicted as a mature, bearded man, especially after his syncretization with Mars, he is also often depicted as a spear-wielding(a common symbol to the cognates of Rudlos), nude, beardless youth, an ephebe. This brings to mind the connections between the ephebes and nude fighting, and the Koryos.

He was and is often shown diametrically opposed to Athena, Goddess of strategy, craftsmanship, and wisdom. Many misconstrue this as characterizing the "strategic and humane" warfare of Athena to the "savage and cruel" warfare of Ares. This could not be more wrong, as we have many stories of Athena encouraging, well, warcrimes, and Ares respecting another's honor.

The more accurate dichotomy is a much older, pan Indo-European one. One of defensive vs aggressive warfare. I have written earlier about the idea that Rudlos was the god of aggressive war, the marauding Koryos, counter-posed to the defensive Perkwunos, who protects the people and village from such raiders, and humanity at large from the demons of chaos, like Wṛ́tros. It is also widely accepted that Athena was formed from lesser, individual cults of palace goddesses, patrons of the individual homes of rulers, and later the cities they ruled, who later melded together into the panhellenic Athena, who likely takes her name from Athens and not the other way around as myth relates to us.

The crux of my theory is that rather than be actually being descended from the original PIE gods associated with these two forms of war, Ares and Athena sort of stepped into the molds they left behind, Ares particularly so.

The etymology of the name Ares is traditionally connected with the Greek word ἀρή (arē), the Ionic form of the Doric ἀρά (ara), "bane, ruin, curse, imprecation". Walter Burkert notes that "Ares is apparently an ancient abstract noun meaning throng of battle, war." Beekes has suggested a non-IE, Pre-Greek origin of the name. The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean 𐀀𐀩, a-re.

The epithet, Areios ("warlike") was frequently appended to the names of other gods when they took on a warrior aspect or became involved in warfare: Zeus Areios, Athena Areia, even Aphrodite Areia ("Aphrodite within Ares" or "feminine Ares"), who was warlike, fully armored and armed, partnered with Athena in Sparta, and represented at Kythira's temple to Aphrodite Urania. In the Iliad, the word ares is used as a common noun synonymous with "battle."

He was also known by the name/epithet Enyalius. In Mycenaean times Ares and Enyalius were considered separate deities. Enyalius is often seen as the God of soldiers and warriors from Ares' cult. It has been suggested that the name of Enyalius ultimately represents an Anatolian loanword, although an alternative hypotheses treat it as an inherited Indo-European compound. The meaning is still unknown however.

Now, while it is indeed possible that Ares was a Pre-Greek(or perhaps even foreign) deity adopted by the Greeks, his character lines up closely with the IE idea of deified abstractions. The PIE's believed that if any idea exists, their must be a god who rules over it. In the absence of assigning it to a previously worshiped deity, they would deify the abstraction itself, this is the origin of the PIE god Xaryomen, Roman Fortuna, the various female night personifications throughout the IE world(Nyx, Nott, etc), among many others.

However there are two issues. First, his name is not IE in origin. It's seemingly a common noun, one widely adopted by IE people but still strange nonetheless. The second is his breadth of myth and variety of cultic practice, which is extremely strange for a supposed abstraction. For example, in parts of Anatolia, he had an oracular cult.

Consider his mythic origin for a moment. His birthplace was said to be Thrace, and he was believed by the Greeks to be the progenitor of their people. There is no well known obvious cognate of Ares is Thrace, so it is likely an association made by the Greeks because of the Thracian's martial skill and perceived warlike nature. However the cult of a Thracian god referred to as "Dionysus" was very widespread. Most believe him to be a separate deity. His connections to prophecy, poetry, war, and his identification with Apollon could indicate some connection to Rudlos, but his association with a solar cult feels potentially contradictory, at the very least could go either way because Apollonian influence and Rudlos-Dyeus identification in neighboring Anatolia.

Okay, enough rambling, let's get to personal, 100% UPG crackpot theory. When the IE Greeks encountered the Pre-Greek, Anatolian, and Minoan cultures, we know they adapted much of their culture and religion. Consequently, many IE deities were lost or altered beyond recognition. Rudlos's cult started to disappear before the Mycenaean age, and was then re-adopted/altered via Anatolian Apollon. During Rudlos's initial disintegration, most of his war-related aspects may have jumped ship and been given over to a newly formed/adopted deity, Ares/Enyalius. His aspect/son Leudhero may have influenced Dionysus in a similar manner.

To be clear, we will not considered Ares a cognate of Rudlos moving forward but I thought I would give you something I've been pondering while I continue to work on the next parts for the Rtkona series.

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Páusōn

Or as I write it, Páuson. Also known as Páhuson (with a hard h like the h in loch) or Péh₂usōn. His name means "Protector".

Páuson is the god of shepherds, nature, doorways, roads, paths, traveling, animals, forests and hunting; He also acts as a psychopomp.

He is the god of the liminal, the in-between. He guards travelers, merchants, and other go-betweens. He guards herds, sources of wealth, as well. He may thus be prayed to both as an opener of the ways and as a giver of prosperity.

He is characterized as a liminal deity himself, being in a way an in-between between man and animal in the depictions of his descendants. The figure of the horned god corresponds well to how he would be depicted.

Finally, he seems to have had a connection to fertility and sexuality, especially granting sexual prowess

He also had the names K̑ṝnónos and Pṇtóspotis according to this source

Offerings

taken from here

Coins or pieces of valuable metals

Depictions or imagery related to goats

Goat's milk

silver and gold beads

Sheperd's crook

Depictions or imagery related to crossroads

goat horns, fur or leather (ethically sourced)

symbols of abundance

lantern (related to his dominion over travel and his role as psychopomp)

Devotional acts

Travel to new places

Go on hiking in nature

Take care of the forest

Pick up trash you see on the road

Take care of your financial security

Learn about nature preservation programs in your area

Associations

Goats

Forests

Shepherds

Roads

Travels

the Wild in nature

Money

Commerce

Yew

Wednesday

April

Descendants in later pantheons

Pan (Greek)

Hermes (Greek)

Faunus (Roman)

Mercury (Greek)

Pushan (Vedic)

Cernunnos (Celtic)

Finally, here's his wikipedia article

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Dhég̑hōm Mā́tēr

Or as I write it, Dhéghom Máter, also Dʰéǵʰōm Méh₂tēr. Her name means "Mother Earth"

She was also called Pḷtáwī or Pl̥th₂éwih₂, meaning "the Broad One", and dʰengwo, meaning "Dark" (dark-skinned?)

Dhéghom is Mother Earth. Associated with plants, nature, fertility, motherhood, cooking and agriculture. She also had a cthonic aspect, being considered both the mother of all life and the place where all living returned to with death. As an ever present mother, oaths were sometimes made by her.

She is sometimes seen as a partner of Dyéus, or of Perkwúnos (or both ;)). Both these sources consider the idea of her being both the mother and consort of Perkwúnos

Offerings

Taken from here

Stones

Symbols of deep waters, earth and grain

Depictions or imagery related to pregnancy

Grains

Green ribbons

Depictions or imagery related to breasts

Depictions or imagery of sows

Devotional acts

Gardening!

Wearing green or brown

Cooking

Educate yourself on local flora and fauna

Eat fruit and vegetables

Learn new recipes involving either vegetables or grains

Make bread

Honor the cycles of nature (seasons, etc)

Picking flowers

Drink natural teas

Ground yourself in nature

Associations

Stones

Vegetation

Fruit

Agriculture

Pregnancy

Motherhood

Landscapes

Sows

Green and brown

the feast of Mabon

November

Monday

Descendants in later pantheons

Cthonia (Greek)

Demeter (Greek)

Semele (Greek)

Plataia (Greek)

Gaia (Greek)

Terra/Tellus Mater (Roman)

Ceres (Roman)

Jörd (Nordic)

Prithvi Mata (Vedic)

Finally, here's her wikipedia article

[skaldish]

My take on this is that Norse pagans have put way too much stock into what PIE can actually tell us. The way I see it, PIE can only provide pre-Norse information. We can't extrapolate what Old Norse religion would have looked like by looking at other PIE descendants because a religion's development is highly variable, to the point where it's impossible to predict.

Unlike the Greeks and Romans, the Norse people didn't have the agricultural stability of other PIE-descendants, which meant they didn't have the division of labor needed to develop a strong intellectual class who could standardize their religion. We can't find a strong identity for what Old Norse practices looked like because there really wasn't any. The religion was pretty early in its development when Christianization happened.

I actually wrote about this phenomenon here if you want to read more. Credit to my clergy for helping with this, because she has an M.Div and is more qualified to talk about the intersectionality between religious development and cultural development than I am:

I also want to point out that plumping up Norse Heathenry by taking from Vedic, Greek, Roman, etc. sources is not "reconstruction." This is all additive information. Extra stuff. We're assuming a religion "ought to look a certain way" and "have certain things" so we're taking from other PIE-descended practices and "Norsifying" them, maybe to feel like we qualify and have substance.

It's high time we come to terms with the fact that our standard for reconstructionism was developed during German Romanticism, which sought to idealize the past in a time rife with antisemitism and racism. I have no doubt that we still have very skewed methods within our reconstructionist approaches, especially considering most of the people avidly reconstructing Norse religions up until the 2010's were white nationalists.

So to that I say, I absolutely hope this has some serious theological implications, and I hope we have some very critical discussions about it within our various heathen circles.

There's plenty of evidence that European paganism and Hinduism have shared roots, although the people who incorporate this into their own religious practices tend to be on the racist side for some reason

Alright this is a weird one so bare with me.

There is no evidence that European paganism shares roots with Hinduism. European and Indian-subcontinental ethnographic language cultures bare some very distant roots, but Vedic religions and the myriad pre-Christian religions of Europe were developed completely separately.

Please understand, the idea that paganism and Hinduism have a shared theological ancestor is a direct result of Nazi pseudohistory.

In the early 20th century, we knew a lot less about ancient Greece. Many people thought that Mycenaean Greece was a highly-advanced culture that had developed shit like steam engines and electricity. People legitimately thought that the ancient Greeks were like the forerunners from Halo.

Also in the early 20th century, there were a lot of German ethnonationalists looking around at the great works of the ancient world and going "If Germans are supposed to be the master race, why haven't we built shit like the the pyramids, or Angkor Wat?" So they started shopping around for some historical group of people they could reasonably claim lineage from.

There are some similarities between European and Indian-subcontiantal language groups. They shared an ancestor roughly 6,000 years ago, an ancestor that linguists call the "Indo-Aryan" language group. Early German ethnonationalists saw that term and ran with it. They built this myth that the Indo-Aryans were a culture of Magical White People responsible for everything cool and impressive. It also let them claim lineage from Alexander the great.

This narrative never really caught on with the mainstream Nazis, or even with the more occult-poisioned woo-y Nazis, but it was the favorite narrative of an absolutely bizarre woman named Savitri Devi. She was a greek woman who gave herself an Indian name and was instrumental in spreading Nazi propaganda after WWII.

I am not doing this topic justice, but Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke has an amazing book on the topic called Hitler's Priestess: Savitri Devi, the Hindu-Aryan Myth, and National-Socialism.

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Dā́nu

Or as I write it, Dánu. Also known as Donu or Deh₂nu

She is the goddess of rivers and fertility. She may be worshiped effectively at local rivers, especially the major river in a watershed, and especially at that river's source.

This source characterizes her as one of the G̑hṃg̑ṇ̄tṓs, twelve primordial deities who existed before the déiwōs. Dánu in specific would become the mother of Dhéghom, Apóm Népots, Diwóna and Dyéus, whose father was another one of the G̑hṃg̑ṇ̄tṓs, Séwətōr. Because of this, the déiwōs are also called Dānéwyōs, that is "children of Dánu".

Offerings

taken from here

Water in a clear glass vial from a local river or water source

stone from a local water source (you can paint it with blue wavy lines)

Devotional acts

Go swimming at your local river or water source

Pick up trash at your local river or water source

Learn about rivers, get informed especially on the ecology of your local river

Support preservation efforts for your local river or water source

Associations

Blue

White

Rivers

Water

Fertility

May

Friday

Descendants in later pantheons

Dānu (Vedic)

Danu (Celtic)

Dôn (Celtic)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

the Diwós Sūnū́

Or as I write it, the Diwós Sunú. Also simply called "the Divine Twins"

Diwós Sunú means "Sons of Dyéus". They are also known as the Ék̑winō (Horse-like), the Diwós Népote (Descendants of Dyéus), the Yéwone (Young Ones), etc.

They are great horse riders and warriors. Their fight, however, is to help and save those in need, be they gods or mortals. They are youthful and strong

This source, gives their individual names as Áusros and Wékʷsperos:

Áusros is the god of the morning star, a god of fertility and harvest. He is more peaceful and associated with cattle.

Wékʷsperos is the god of the evening star, a god of war and travel. He is more of a warrior, patron of riders, owners of horses, warriors and cavalrymen.

They are the sons of Dyéus and Apóm Népots with Ékwona, each of these gods fathering one of the twins.

As a pair, the Twins guide mankind, especially sailors, farmers, and riders, and may be prayed to for healing, fertility, and prosperity. They are divine rescuers from all sorts of immediate crises. They will be there in the midst of a hurricane. They are the closest deities to humanity, sometimes featured as sharing meals with us instead of receiving sacrifice.

They both are the consorts of the sun goddess Sáwol and they pull her chariot across the sky each day at her command

Offerings

Depictions or imagery of horses

Two horses

two horses' heads

two horseshoes

images of ocean waves with white peaks

Swan down, other water bird down

oats

Devotional acts

Riding or taking care of horses

Helping someone in need

Stand up for others

Work out or play a sport

Go sailing

Visit the sea or walk on the beach

Have a meal with friends

Associations

Horses

Sailors

Farmers

Youth

Sea

Athleticism

Swans

Abundance

Love

Healing

Oaths

St. Elmo's fire

Ash

the feasts of Yule and Litha

June and December

Sunday

Descendants in later pantheons

the Dioskouroi (Greek)

the Dioscuri (Roman)

the Ashvins (Vedic)

the Dieva dēli (Lithuanian)

Hengist and Horsa (Germanic)

Finally, here's their wikipedia page

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Could you do an informational post on Mórā?

K̑ólyā

Or as I write it Kólya, also found as Kolyos, her name means "The Coverer". She's also known as Mórā or Mértis.

She's the goddess of the underworld, the dead and winter. While Yemós is the deity who rules over the underworld, Kólya is death itself. She is in charge of taking away souls to the underworld when the time of death comes. She is said to take the souls with a noose or a snare.

According to this source, she is the daughter of the goddess of night, Nókʷts, and the god of sleep, Swépnos. She is in turn the consort of the god of magic Wélnos and with him fathers the many monsters of Proto Indo-European myth, like the great monster Wṛ́tros which is slain by the thunder god Perkʷū́nos.

Offerings

taken from here

Goad

noose or hook

black stone, ideally one with a magnetic charge

imagery of scavenger animals: crow, raven, etc.

crow or raven feathers

Devotional acts

UPG

Visit cemeteries and leave flowers (with permission!)

Collect animal bones (ethically sourced)

Learn more about death and take your time to get more comfortable with the concept

Collect antiques

If you can, help those who are closer to death (the elderly, those in hospice, etc.)

Associations

Black

Noose

Hook

Winter

Beech

the feast of Samhain

Descendants in later pantheons

Hel (Nordic)

Calypso (Greek)

Mors (Roman)

Sarva (Indian)

Kālī (Indian)

Māra (Indian)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Could you make a post about Rudlos

Rudlós

Also known as Wā́tonos and Léudheros.

He is the wild god of alcohol, frenzy, wild nature, poetry, shamanism, and arcane wisdom; he's a sender and a healer of plagues.

The name Rudlós derives either from rewd-, "rend, tear apart", or from rew-, "howl". So his name could be understood as "The Howler".

From his descendants we can see epithets of Rudlós as "the Frightening one" or "The Three-Eyed one". He sends diseases and also heals them, so he's invoked both as a lord of remedies and so that he doesn't send plagues.

This source has Wā́tonos (Proto Indo-European name from which comes later Woden and Odin) as another name or aspect of Rudlós, no doubt because of his role as god of frenzy, arcane wisdom and the wild hunt (Odin's name means "Lord of Frenzy"). So he could also be understood as the ancestor of Odin and related deities.

According to said source, Rudlós is one of the Ghṃgṇ̄tṓs, twelve ancient deities who arose from the sacrifice of Yemós and ruled before the Déiwōs. Rudlós married his sister Anghésonā and became the father of Páusōn and the Mā́wortes, gods of war, leaded by the god Mā́worts.

Offerings

Milk

Honey

Alcoholic beverages (induces frenzy)

Elements or imagery related to hunting (esp. bow and arrow)

Devotional acts

Have an alcoholic drink (if possible)

Visit wild natural places (safely)

Dance to music that elevates your spirits

Practice a form of divination

Try poetry or archery

Associations

Shamanism

Trance

Madness

Frenzy

The wild hunt

Plagues

Healing

alcohol and poetry

Descendants in later pantheons

Rudra (Vedic)

Rudianos (Celtic)

Rudiobus (Celtic)

Rŭglŭ (Old Russian)

Woden (Germanic)

Odin (Nordic)

Ódr (Nordic)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Ék̑wonā

Or as I write it, Ékwona. Her name means "Horse-like". She is also known as Mēdhéwī, Médhunā (meaning "Intoxicator" or "Goddess of Mead"), and Rēg̑ṇtónā (meaning "Great Queen")

Ékwona is the goddess of horses, sexuality, marriage, vengeance, sovereignty, and mead. She is a goddess of wild and free sexuality. She mates with warriors and through this bestows sovereignty (a really ancient belief of the Proto Indo-Europeans). Rulership here is hers to give.

Her sexuality is always on her own terms and she defends those who have seen their consent violated. She is a very powerful goddess who overtakes in vengeance those who go against her desires or try to hurt those under her domain.

She's the goddess of horses and all the things related to them. She also rules over mead and such intoxicating beverages (related to her nature as wild and untamed)

She is considered the mother of the Diwós Sunú, with both Dyéus and Apóm Népots. She also gave birth to other heroes and gods.

Offerings

taken from here

Horse shoe

Depictions or imagery of horses

Horse hair

Mead

horse's milk

kumis

oats

Devotional acts

Practice equitation

Ride or take care of horses

Make or drink mead

Take positions of leadership

do something you find pleasure in

support victims of SA

Associations

Horses

Mead

White and Red

Sexuality

Kingship

December

Saturday

Samhain

Descendants in later pantheons

Epona (Celtic)

Medb (Celtic)

Madhavi (Indian)

Rhiannon (Celtic)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Diwónā / Gʷóuwindā

or as I write it, Diwóna / Gwóuwinda. Also Diwōnā or Diuōneh₂

(note: some people see Diwóna and Gwóuwinda as different goddesses, while others see them as two aspects of the same goddess. I here take the second approach according to this)

Diwóna is the goddess of marriage, abundance, oaths, magic, destiny and domestic crafts. She is a trifunctional deity who presides over war, poetic inspiration, sovereignty, wisdom, artistry and crafts. She is the consort of Dyéus Patér.

Under her aspect of Gwóuwinda she is the goddess of cows, motherhood, loyalty in relationships, nurture, purity and motherly love.

The name Diwónā means something like "Goddess", and its the feminine version of the name Dyéus. Gʷóuwindā means something like "She who provides the cows" or "Cow-like". According to this source, she also had names like Diwī́ Mā́tēr, Dhḗsyā, Dhēsónā and Séleswṇtī.

She is to be approached as a motherly being who blesses her children with love and protects them fiercely from attacks.

Offerings

Taken from here

Depictions or imagery of cows

Milk

Cow horns (ethically sourced)

Depictions or imagery related to motherhood

Poetry

Embroidery and crochet pieces

Devotional acts

Loyality in your relationships

Embroidery & crochet

Writing poetry

Wearing one of her colors

Wearing cow imagery

Drinking milk (if it's healthy for you)

honoring motherhood and nurture in your relationships

Helping someone pregnant

Protecting those you love

Associations

Cows

Colors white, black and brown

Color red (UPG)

May (Gwóuwinda)

August (Diwóna)

Descendants in later pantheons

Dione (Greek)

Diana (Roman)

Devi (Vedic)

Govinda (Indian)

These other descendants are based on roles and not linguistically, but have been presented by this source

Hera (Greek)

Juno (Roman)

Sarasvati (Indian)

Anahita (Iranian)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Ṇgʷnís

Or as I write it Ngwnís. Also found as H₁n̥gʷnis. Their name means "the active force of fire".

They are the deity of fire, lighting and artisans.

This source characterizes them as genderfluid and a trickster. They are a companion of Perkwúnos as the lighting for his thunder.

The same source connects Ngwnís to Promṇdhḗus or Promāth₂ew, which is the Proto Indo-European name origin for the later stories of the Greek Prometheus and the Indian Mātarishvan (a title of the god Agni, a descendant of Ngwnís). They are said to have stolen fire from the gods and given it to humanity.

Offerings

Fire

Candles

Imagery related to fire or lighting

Devotional acts

Light a fire in their honor, maybe a bonfire (safely)

make a craft

make jokes or pranks

help others who need you

Associations

Fire

Heat

Lighting

Artisans and crafts

Descendants in later pantheons

Agni (Vedic)

Enji (Albanian)

Ungnis (Balto-Slavic)

Finally, here's his wikipedia article

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Préwyos

Préwyos (also called Wenéspotis or Yḗros) is the god of fertility, gardens, summer, love and beauty. He is characterized as a jolly deity who embodies simplicity, the rustic, and pleasure. He focuses on the essential aspects of life, like sustenance and pleasure.

Préwyos can be invoked for fertility and abundance in gardens, farms and livestock. This can also be translated to giving a central place to pleasure and your natural needs in daily life.

He is also understood as the brother, consort and/or male version of the goddess Priyá. Together, according to this source, they are the parents and rulers of the Amséwes, a series of minor gods who rule over more rustic and down to earth domains compared to the déiwōs, who are often times more celestial and beyond human affairs.

Préwyos is a phallic deity, a symbol of fertility and pleasure, as shown by the representations of his descendants Freyr and Priapus.

Offerings

Fruit

Flowers from a garden

Depictions or imagery of fruit

Depictions or imagery of gardens

Depictions or imagery of phalluses

Devotional acts

Gardening! you can devote a garden space to him

Do activities that give you pleasure

Eat fruit

Help out at a farm or with livestock

Associations

Gardens

Fruits

Summer

Love

Phallus

Pleasure

the feast of Beltane

Descendants in later pantheons

Freyr (Nordic)

Priapus (Greek)

Mutunus Tutunus (Roman)

Frawjaz (Germanic)

Jaryło (Slavic)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

could you write about Rtkona?

Ṛ́tkonā

Or as I write it Rtkona, her name means "She of the bears".

Rtkona is the goddess of hunting, wild animals esp. bears, and the constellation Ursa Major.

Proto Indo-European religion has many goddesses associated with animals like Gwóuwinda (cows), Ékwona (horses), and Rtkona. Gʷóuwindā lies within the center of social function as a goddess of marriage and family, while Ék̑wonā lies on the periphery between the social and asocial, as a war and fertility goddess. Meanwhile, Ṛ́tk̑onā represents the other side of that spectrum, as a goddess of wilderness and hunting in forests.

Offerings

imagery related to bears, woods or hunting

sticks taken from woods or other similar items

Devotional acts

take a walk in nature, especially in wild areas (safely)

invest in animal/nature conservation efforts

wear outfits inspired by bears

have images of bears around

take risks

Associations

Bears

the woods

the wilderness

forests

the hunt

Descendants in later pantheons

Artio (Celtic)

Artemis (Greek)

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Wéstyā

Or as I write it, Wéstya. Her name means "She of the Household" or "Burning one". Other names for her are Démspotnī, "Lady of the House", Hā́sānoyā (with a hard h like the ch in loch), "Goddess of the Hearth" and Tépṇtī, related to "Warming"

Wéstya is the goddess of the hearth. She also rules over fire, the home and food stores. As the patron of the home fire, she embodies the very basis of the house and family. She is the place of refuge to which we go to feel safe, rest and be with those we consider our kin.

Wéstya has domain over fire in its role as the warming center of the house and also as a source of cooked food. Fire relates to purity, so Wéstya is deeply associated with purity.

(She is not however the Proto Indo-European deity of fire itself, they are another déiwos we will see later on)

She also plays a key role in ritual and has connection with the concept of eternal fires (fires that were never extinguished). Veiling seems to be a way to honor her too.

Wéstya also rules over the Dṃyṓs, household spirits who protect each home and their member (akin to the roman Lares and similar household spirits)

Offerings

taken from here

Fire

butter or oil lamp

Clarified butter

red, yellow, and orange beads

Devotional acts

Lit up candles (stay safe)

Tidy up your room or your home

Cook for your family/kin

Take care of relationships with your family

Organize your shelves and fridge

Veil

Honor your house and how it shelters you

Get something new and needed for your home (maybe a new rug, cleaning implement or table you have been needing for ages)

Associations

Colours red, yellow and orange

Fire

Cooking

Food storing

Rowan

the feast of Imbolc

February

Descendants in later pantheons

Hestia (Greek)

Despoina (Greek)

Vesta (Roman)

Tabiti (Scythian)

Brigit (Celtic), according to this

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Mḗnōs

Or as I write it, Ménos. Also found as Mḗnōt or Meh₁not. His name means "The Moon"

Ménos is the god of the moon. He is considered the brother of Sáwol. He also crosses the sky on a chariot, according to the myth

Ménos is associated with time (because of the role of the moon in measuring the night and the months), hunting, fishing, magic, healing and learning, according to this source. He is also considered a good of thinking and memory, according to this source

Offerings

taken from here

White or silver disk

moonstone sphere

time piece, hourglass

white quartz

pebbles

Depictions or imagery of the moon

moon water

Devotional acts

Bask in the light of the full moon

Observe the phases of the moon

honor the cycles of the moon

Wear white or purple

Wear imagery or jewelry of the moon

Moon-gazing

Make moon water

Make a night-time ritual

Taking a full walk outside during the crescent or full moon

Sharpen your mind; play memory games

Became comfortable with change

Continue learning through your life

learn about your healthcare options

Associations

White

Purple (UPG)

All moon festivals

time

healing

thinking, memory and learning

hunting and fishing

magic

Willow

Monday

January

Descendants in later pantheons

Máni (Nordic)

Meno (Lithuanian)

Mene (Greek)

Mah (Iranian)

Men (Phrygian)

Myesyats (Slavic)

Finally, here's his wikipedia article (shared with his sister)