#lord wetherby

[ao3statistics]

I don't know your methodology so I don't know how hard it is to compile the data... but would it be possible to compile the top f/f and m/m ships for the Bridgerton show? I have trouble telling just by looking through because a) there are a lot of ships that are from the crossover media, not from Bridgerton, and b) a lot of them have MANY ships on one fic. However if this would be really hard I would love to see just the top ships for Eloise Bridgerton!

This is self-made. Date: 27.07.2024

@zorilleerrant Okay, so... it was a little bit of work but I hope this is what you wanted?

I assume no guarantee or liability for the completeness, correctness and accuracy of this chart despite my best efforts.

Includes fanfictions in all languages available, NOT English only.

The search was done in the Ao3 fandom "Bridgerton (TV)" only, NOT the fandoms "Queen Charlotte: A Bridgerton Story (TV)", "Bridgerton Series - Julia Quinn" & "Bridgerton (TV) RPF". However stories might be in several of the mentioned fandoms because none of them were excluded specifically.

Percentages were rounded up or rounded down to natural numbers for easier comprehension.

Poly ships were not included.

Ships with OC's were also not included!

More charts will follow. :)

Want to have a chart for different pairings, headcanons etc. in your favourite fandom? Send me an ask!

[quotergirl19]

In season one episode 5, the first thing we see at Daphne & Simon’s wedding reception is their cake and the two people closest to it are Lord Wetherby and Cressida Cowper.

We know that Lord Wetherby is unmarried, titled, and in love with a Sir Granville.

Later, Penelope points Lord Wetherby out to Marina as an alternative to Colin saying, he had kind eyes and would make a fine enough husband and when the camera pans to him, there’s Cressida again, near him.

Cressida & Wetherby are viewable in the background when Portia informs Marina that Lord Rutledge was now engaged and that Colin is her only hope.

They’re seen speaking at the Queen’s luncheon before the Featherington’s are asked to leave.

And two more times at a concert while Sir Granville and Benedict are speaking about how Sir Granville’s marriage affords his wife the protection of his name and freedom even if their marriage is not a love match.

I’m thinking if Lord Wetherby is not part of season 3, maybe we’ll find out Lord Debling is looking for precisely that sort of marriage and Penelope isn’t looking for a love match so maybe she’ll think that it’s perfect but if Colin realizes that Debling’s not pursuing Penelope for love and he’s battling his own feelings for her he wouldn’t be able to bear the idea that she’ll marry this man and be devastated when she realizes he will never desire her or love her as a man loves his wife.

Maybe Colin will try to warn Pen that she’s marrying someone with secrets, the way she tried to warn him about Marina and much like he dismissed Pen, she will dismiss him because everyone has secrets, even her and when he discovers what her big secret is, he’s not going to trust another man with Penelope’s future or protection because she is too important to him. Only Colin hasn’t admitted to himself yet that he’s fallen in love with her.

Much like Benedict’s initial reaction to learning of Sir Granville’s marital arrangements, I think we can absolutely expect Colin to question a marriage of convenience for Penelope. What about honor and romance? He will want the best for her and to ensure her happiness no matter what. Maybe Colin will insist that if Penelope is willing to enter into a marriage without the promise of love, she should marry him because he will protect her and be loyal but he’ll also want to give her the romance and devotion he feels she deserves.

[triviareads]

the give people what they want (peneloise end game, we really dont need philip too)

lol as if this show would be progressive enough to actually go ahead with a main queer love story.

[dragon-kazansky]

Bridgerton shade of blue

Benedict Bridgerton x Female Reader

Benedict bumps into you, quite literally, at a ball while trying to escape his mother's attempts to find him a partner. You decide to humour him with a dance, not realising just how entwined you would become with him. It seems the universe will find every excuse to push you and Benedict together, no matter how much you fight it.

{Masterlist}

{Previous Chapter} - {Next Chapter}

Season one

Chapter Fifteen - Rhythm of our hearts

♡♡♡

Daphne, the beautiful duchess, had spent her time in London wisely. She used what sorces she had to help Marina Thompson track down her far away love.

You still had not seen much of Daphne. She had been quite busy, and you were really starting to miss her presence. You had hoped to catch up with her at some point, but you would just have to wait for the next opportunity to present itself.

The concert. You were all dressed up to go. Your mother had been gushing about this. Lord Hardy was going to be in attendance, and according to your mother, he had asked about you only a few days prior. You put on your nicest gown and prettiest jewellery for the occasion.

Who knew? Perhaps something would spark.

There was also the fact that the queen would be in attendance tonight.

When you arrived, the atmosphere was wonderful. You arrived on your mother's arm, and you smile at some familiar faces. You spot the duke and duchess, and you wonder if tonight you may get the chance to talk to Daphne.

Benedict is stood by himself drinking champagne as he watches the gentleman talking to Cressida. He was at the studio. With Henry.

Then he spots Granville and approaches him. Henry turns toward Benedict. "Bridgerton."

The two excuse themselves from the others to talk elsewhere.

"I would simply like to understand your... situation." Benedict says.

Henry sighs softly.

"I would just like to understand."

"It is simple. I am in love with Lord Wetherby." Granville tells him.

"You're married." Benedict points out.

"And our marriage affords my wife her freedoms and protections," Henry explains. "It is a happier union than most of the people in this room have, I assure you."

"What is the advantage for the young ladies Lord Wetherby is courting?" Benedict asks. "Do they all share this understanding?"

Henry chuckles.

"What about honour? Romance?" Benedict continues.

"What would you know of either?" Henry asks in return. "We live under constant threat of danger. I risk my life every day for love. You have no idea what it is like to be in a room with someone you cannot live without... and yet still feel as though you are oceans apart. Stealing your glances, disguising your touches. We cannot so much as smile at each other... without first ensuring no one is watching."

Benedict is silent.

"It takes courage... to live outside the traditional expectations of society. You talk of doing the same... but perhaps it is merely just that... all talk."

Henry Granville walks away.

Benedict is left with his thoughts. As he lets all that sink in, he catches a glimpse of you across the room. For a moment, he feels his chest fill with warmth. He thinks about approaching you, but then he sees Lord Hardy.

You're smiling.

Benedict remains where he is stood and watches quietly. Alone.

A second son without a mark on the world, and now no companion to confide in. Nothing was coming up roses for Benedict Bridgerton.

Inside the concert hall, you take your seat beside Lord Hardy. Your mother sat on the other side of you, keeping her eyes focused on the crowds, allowing you time to talk to your companion.

You smile as he speaks to you. His voice is smooth, and you rather like the way he says your name.

Benedict is stood by the door watching you. It seems your evening is occupied, so much for stealing you away this evening. Then again, perhaps that is for the best. Benedict isn't sure his thoughts are put together tonight.

Eloise comes up beside him looking rather desperate. "How long is this concert?" She asks her brother.

"About three hours... Four?"

Eloise looks less than pleased.

"Though, uh, I certainly have already heard enough," Benedict says, glancing your way briefly.

"You are my favourite brother. Do you know that?" Eloise says, smiling at him.

He chuckles and takes his sister's arm. The two leave the concert hall.

You don't see him go.

♡♡♡

The two siblings sit in the carriage quietly, heading home. Eloise is caught up in her thoughts. She thought she was on a secret mission from the queen to discover Lady Whistledown's identity, but tonight, the queen had brushed Elosie off and stated she had hired people to do the job for her.

Benedict was lost in his own mind, too. He was thinking about you. He had hoped to pass the evening pleasantly by your side. The concert itself was nothing of any actual interest. You both could have talked quietly, enjoying each others company.

Yet it seemed you had made up your mind. Your pursuit to find a husband was possibly baring fruit. Lord Hardy seemed a nice enough man, he supposed. Benedict didn't know too well, but je certainly seemed to have your attention tonight.

So, Benedict should do something to enjoy his evening, too. A thought comes to his mind.

He reaches up and taps on the top of the carriage. "I woul like to make a stop and pick up a friend."

Eloise looks at her brother. "A friend?"

"Should I not have a friend?" He asks her.

Eloise chuckles.

"I'm not bound by the rules of society," he tells her. "Please do not tell mother."

Eloise scoffs softly in amusement.

The carriage pulls up outside the modiste. Eloise looks at the shop front with confusion. "Why are we here?"

Genevieve climbs in.

Eloise looks at her brother.

Genevieve looks at Eloise, surprised to see her.

"This is my sister, Eloise, and we will be dropping her at home," Benedict says.

The carriage moves again.

Silence fills the air.

"How was your night, ma chérie?" Genevieve asks.

"It was... everything I expected. Horrible and terribly boring."

"So this is why you do not wish to lower your hems?" Genevieve chuckles.

"The entire ton were there, and I did not have a single worthwhile exchange." Eloise tells her.

"The entire ton? You mean, everyone except for the Featheringtons?"

"Yes, everyone except... them." Eloise is struck with a thought.

Eloise falls silent.

"Is everything well, Eloise?" Benedict asks.

She looks up at him. "Hmm? Yeah."

Eloise looks at Genevieve again.

♡♡♡

The concert has begun. You and Lord Hardy look up at the stage as the music plays. Your arm rests next to his.

The and duchess have a box. Neither of them look at each other.

Violet sits in a box with Anthony. She looks across at her daughter. Anthony casts his eyes down to the people below. He sees a family face.

Tonight is filled with all kinds of feelings from everyone around the room.

The orchestra was rather good.

Lord Hardy keeps his head bowed low, close to you, so he may exchange words with you quietly. You smile as you respond to him.

Perhaps tonight will change things for you after all.

The duke reaches for his wife's hand. She smiles softly. The music continues to play, and then she looks down. The duke wat he's her. Her eyes meet his, and she looks at him. She flees the box.

Her courses have come.

Violet flees her box to go see Daphne.

Fingers curl around your gloved ones. You look down to see him holding your hand. You lift your eyes to Lord Hardy. He smiles at you and then turns his eyes back to the concert.

Your mother sits straighter in her seat.

Yes, tonight, there are many emotions being felt. Some hearts are breaking. Some are yearning. Yours is racing.

You are glad you came.

♡♡♡

@callmemana - @lilscast - @imgondeletedis - @benedictbridgertonss - @clownsdiehard - @wxnterwidow333

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@biancamde - @ifgslsofbsodbf - @kniselle - @berarenado - @grassclippers - @bwormie - @avengersgirllorianna

[deathmetalunicorn1]

Lizards, amphibians, and other reptiles shed their skin and eat it to avoid wasting any nutrients. (youtube.com)

Child reader finds a new tv show to watch, it's historical drama and it affects her personality. Like this video

I love this video! It always makes me laugh!

-Brunnhilde walked into the kitchen, pinching the bridge between her eyes with a deep sigh leaving her, “I think we just need to take away Y/N’s TV privileges for a while.”

-The others in the kitchen, Apollo, Odin, Adam, and Jack looked over at her, confused as Adam spoke, “We took away her cop drama and that trashy romance drama- what is it now?”

-She motioned over her shoulder with her thumb, looking exasperated, “See for yourself.”

-The men walked into the living room, where a tea party was set up, you were wearing a pretty dress, a large hat and accessories, while Loki was dressed in similarly fancy lady clothes, with a couple of your stuffed animals dressed up around the table as well.

-The period drama you had been watching wasn’t bad, there was no violence and from what they could see, there was nothing that would be too impressionable. They thought wrong.

-You were holding your tea pot, speaking with a British accent, “More tea Mrs. Fancypants?” Loki, holding out his mug for the imaginary tea, smiled warmly, “Of course Miss Elegance~ this blend smells quite delightful!”

-Jack was amused, holding a hand to his mouth to hide his smile while Odin and Adam facepalmed in annoyance while Apollo beamed brightly, as he loved period dramas, pulling out his phone, recording.

-You then spoke again, “I have invited you all here to share splendid news- Lord Wetherby has asked for my hand!” Loki gasped, holding his hands to his cheeks.

-You looked pleased at his reaction, “Your silence speaks volumes Mrs. Fancypants, as I couldn’t help but notice you exchanging glances with my betrothed at his ball last week.”

-Loki looked appalled, seeing that he had been caught before he took a sip, trying to smooth things out. You smiled warmly, “Enjoying your tea Mrs. Fancypants- it’s a new blend I’ve recently discovered, and you were the first to taste it.”

-He looked down at his tea, before his hand came to his throat, as if he was having issues breathing, and you smiled, “I’ve been doing a lot of thinking- about friendship and about trust- both are so fragile- just like these teacups!” you threw your teacup to the ground, for dramatic effect, despite it being plastic, as Loki fell back, pretending to die.

-Odin then shouted, “Loki! Y/N!” you both looked up at him, seeing the four of them looking a mixture of amusement and annoyance, as Apollo and Jack were enjoying your performance, “You’re both grounded from the TV.”

-Instantly you were both whining, saying they weren’t being fair!

[world-of-wales]

HAPPY 42ND BIRTHDAY TO HRH THE PRINCE OF WALES, WILLIAM ARTHUR PHILIP LOUIS ♡

On 21 June 1982, Prince William was born to Diana and Charles, then known as Prince and Princess of Wales in St Mary's Hospital, London, at at 21:03 BST. He was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother Elizabeth II and was the first child born to a Prince and Princess of Wales since Prince John's birth in July 1905.

The little prince's name was announced on 28 June as William Arthur Philip Louis. Wills was christened in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Robert Runcie, on 4 August.

William studied at Jane Mynors' nursery school and Wetherby School in London before joining Ludgrove. He was subsequently admitted to Eton College, studying geography, biology, and history at the A-level.

The Prince undertook a gap year taking part in British Army training exercises in Belize, working on English dairy farms, and as part of the Raleigh International programme in southern Chile, William worked for ten weeks on local construction projects and taught English.

In 2001, William enrolled at the University of St Andrews, initially to study Art History but then changed his field of study to Geography with the support of the love of his life Catherine Elizabeth Middleton who he met while at school.

Will and Cat fell in love during their time at uni, and married at Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011. The couple have three adorable cupcakes Prince George (b.2013), Princess Charlotte (b.2015) and Prince Louis (b.2018). The family of five divide time between their official residence, Kensington Palace and their two private residences - Amner Hall & Adelaide Cottage.

After university, William trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. In 2008, he graduated from the Royal Air Force College Cranwell and joined the RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2009. He transferred to RAF Valley, Anglesey, to receive training on the Sea King search and rescue helicopter, which made him the first member of the British royal family since Henry VII to live in Wales.

During his active career as a Search and Rescue Pilot, William conducted 156 search and rescue operations, which resulted in 149 people being rescued. He then served as a full-time pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance starting in July 2015, donating his full salary to the EAAA charity.

Working with all branches of the military, he holds the ranks of Lieutenant Colonel in the Army, Commander in the Navy and Wing Commander in the Air-Force

Upon their wedding, WillCat became HRH The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, The Earl and Countess of Strathearn and Baron and Lady Carrickfergus. He became the heir apparent on 8 September 2022, receiving the titles of the Duke of Cornwall & The Duke of Rothesay. William & Catherine were made The Prince and Princess of Wales by Kimg Charles on 9 September 2022. Additionally, William also became the Prince & High Steward of Scotland, Earl of Chester, Earl of Carrick, Lord of the Isles, and Baron Renfrew.

As well as undertaking royal duties in support of The King, both in the UK and overseas, The Prince devotes his time supporting a number of charitable causes and organisations with some of his key areas of interest being Mental health, Conservation, Homelessness, Sports and Emergency Workers.

He has undertaken several overseas trips representing the monarch, covering a wide array of countries like Australia, Canada, Namibia, Malaysia, South Africa, Tanzania, Pakistan Italy, Jordan, Kuwait, France, India, The Bahamas, Belize, Afghanistan etc ; He is also is also a founder of various initiatives like United For Wildlife, Heads Together, Earthshot and Homewards.

[pmaxshay]

Love Conquers All

Benedict Bridgerton x Reader (Fem)

~ Part 1 ~ ~ Part 2 ~ ~ Part 3 ~ ~ Part 4 ~

~ Part 6 ~ ~ The End ~

~ Part 5 ~ (Another long one!)

*warnings - slight smut, kissing, praise*

Trying to forget that night at the studio was proving a difficult task for Y/N. She hadn’t been to the Bridgerton home for a few days. Wanting to avoid any interaction with Benedict.

Although nothing untoward had occurred, it almost occurred and that would have nothing but consequences for Y/N. As much as they had shared some truths together, having relations with him would do her no favours. In fact it could ruin her and her Pa.

On the other hand, she lay awake at night. Remembering the way his hands felt against her own and then warmth of his body up against hers. The soft way he spoke to comfort her and how he had been so honest about his own losses.

It was conflicting to say the least.

Currently, she stood in front of her mirror. Her ladies maids preparing her for tonight’s ball.

“But what if I said I do not feel well May, then what?” Y/N protested.

“Then you would stay home Miss. However, I have every faith that you are well. You’ve played that trick far too much.” May replied a smug smirk in her face.

“Well you are no help.” Y/N huffed but soon took a sharp breath in when May pulled at the corset strings.

Meanwhile at the Bridgerton house, Benedict lay slumped on one of the couches, holding a box of macarons to his chest, stressfully stuffing multiple into his mouth at once.

Colin quickly appeared into the room, glanced around until his eyes landed upon his older brother.

“Brother, there you are. I’ve been meaning to ask, where did you and Y/N disappear to the other night?” He tried to take a macaron but Benedict slapped his hand away.

“Nowhere. I merely went to check she was okay and then sat and read with her a while and then went home. I wasn’t feeling well.” Benedict was wide-eyes but managed to mumble through mouthfuls of the sweet treat.

“Ah I see. You had Mother worried. Although, it was rather charming to see her smiling again. Lord Anderson must be doing some good at least.” Colin cooed.

“Brother do you really wish to know about Mother and Lord Anderson’s… relations?! I certainly do not!” Benedict grimaced.

Colin realised what he had said and did the same.

“No… you are right. Forget I said anything.” He quickly stood up and began to leave.

“Oh before I forget, Mother has informed me that we are to escort Eloise and Hyacinth to the ball tonight. She isn’t feeling well herself. Must be catching.” Colin announced before leaving the room.

“Dear god I hope not.” Benedict shuddered. Both at Colin’s statement but also at the thought of bumping into Y/N again. They had not seen or spoken to each other since that evening at the studio. Despite nothing happening, Benedict could not help but feel somewhat disappointed. Even though it would have disastrous effects on Y/N and her Father. Something he did not wish to inflict upon someone he cared rather a lot for.

Some time later, Benedict took Eloise’s arm and Colin Hyacinth’s as they entered the ballroom.

While not as lavish as some other balls this season, this one had a subtle charm and grace that everyone seemed to appreciate.

From across the ballroom, Y/N couldn’t help but notice the Bridgerton siblings enter. Her stomach twisted into knots at the sight of Benedict. All the feelings she had been trying to hide came rushing back to the surface. She gulped a large sip of her lemonade.

Richard was making small talk with the Wetherbys. Their eldest son was trying to talk to Y/N but the topic was boring dull. He may be handsome of face but personality he is not.

Little did Y/N know, Mr Bridgerton had also spotted her. Standing next to her father and the Wetherbys. A perfectly decent family but incredibly dull. Benedict laughed when he saw the expression written all over Y/N’s face. However, he could not stop the feeling of jealously creep in. It should be he that she is standing with. He, that should be asking her to dance and getting to know her better, not dull and boring Charles Wetherby.

“What is so funny Brother?” Eloise asked with a smile.

“Oh no it’s, it’s nothing. Not for your delicate, young ears dear Sister.” Benedict teased, being brought back to reality.

“You are no fun. I’m going to go find Y/N. At least she shares her humour.” Eloise sighed detaching from Benedict and sulking off.

Even the mere mention of her name made his heart skip.

“Are you sure you are feeling alright Brother? You are looking rather peaky? You must have what Mother has.” Colin asked rather concerned.

“Colin is right. You don’t look well. Maybe you should go home.” Hyacinth chimed in. Placing a hand on Benedict’s arm.

Benedict glanced over at Y/N and then back to his siblings.

“Perhaps you are both right. I shall go and rest. Colin are you alright to stay with…”

Colin cut him off.

“Of course. See to it that you do rest. You’ve been acting strangely for a while. Will check on you later.” Colin hummed.

Benedict patted Colin’s shoulder and smiled at Hyacinth before turning to walk back out of the ball.

His legs carried him quickly out into the cold, night air. He took rather large gulps of air to steady his breathing.

As quickly as he had run out, Y/N came barreling out of the ball equally as fast. She took similar gulps of air but gasped as soon as she spotted Benedict.

“Apologises. I did not know you would be out here.” She huffed, placing a hand over her mouth to try to silence her breaths.

“It is… uhmmm…” Benedict coughed.

“It is quite alright Y/N. I just needed some air.”

“Oh.”

“Me too.” She continued.

Benedict glanced her way. The moonlight had given her a glow. A subtle sparkle. He questioned whether it was real or just something only he could see about her.

“I… I saw you with Lord Wetherby.” Benedict announced, trying to hide the jealously in his voice.

“And that is your business now is it Benedict?” Y/N replied, he had never heard such harshness to her tone before. As much as he feared it, he also felt that fiery heat. It angered him also that despite what they had shared she still denies him.

She had swiftly stepped closer now, further into the shadows of the building where he stood.

“It is none of my business who you choose to concern yourself with Y/N. I am merely saying that someone like Wetherby would not be right for you.”

“And who would be right for me?! Who are you to choose for me?!” Y/N whisper yelled. Cautious that footmen and guests were walking nearby.

Benedict stayed silent, stunned by Y/N standing up for herself with such bravery. He also feared he would say something he may regret so it was easy to stay quiet.

Y/N tilted her head and looked right at him. She began to laugh coldly.

“You? Would you be right for me Mr Bridgerton?!” Y/N shocked herself by saying such words. Up until now she had been feeling brave and bold and could not stand for being told who she spends time with.

It was Benedict’s silence that caused this newfound confidence to plummet. She did not wish to presume but maybe he felt exactly what it was that she was feeling.

“You cannot deny that there is something there. Even you are not that blind.” Benedict was finding his voice again. He was not willing to let this go.

“If you are addressing what happened the other evening… I do not wish to address it further.” Y/N whispered. Trying to turn away from him.

Benedict was too quick though and caught her arm. Twisting her back to face him. The heat rose in her body and so did it in his. The two of them gazed at each other for what felt like an eternity.

“You do not have to address I t. However, I do. It is all I have thought about. Every single moment since that day you have inhabited every thought of every second. In all my years I have never been this consumed by another person. I have always been the carefree, liberal man I have wanted to be. I have been allowed to have that for which I am grateful, but that is no longer me. I am changed. Changed by you.”

Y/N did not know how long she had been holding her breath for. She let out a shallow shaky breath.

“From the moment you entered that ballroom until this exact moment, it is you. No one else dear Y/N. My Y/N.” Benedict’s hand had began to tremble ever so slightly against her arm. A feeling that sent a pang of guilt through Y/N but also lust.

To know all of this. His true, honest feelings towards her was like hitting the right chord after practicing for so long.

“Benedict…” Y/N managed to whisper. Without saying the actual words, in fears she would mess it all up, she tried to convey she felt the same.

“You do not have to feel the same. It is alright. I shall not live any longer without expressing my true feelings.”

“Benedict.” Y/N said once more, with much more force but so much more lust.

He gazed into her eyes, then down at her mouth and back to her eyes once more. From the tone of her voice and her body language it finally clicked.

Without hesitation, he yanked at her arm and pulled her closer. His head pushing down, his lips crashing against hers in a swift motion.

The two of them locked in an embrace filled with so much passion and desire that they almost forgot where they were.

Benedict pulled back.

“Please don’t stop.” Y/N whined. Her eyes still closed.

Benedict laughed softly at her before speaking.

“I do not plan to. But not here. Too many eyes and ears.” He whispered, taking her hand and rushing towards the nearest carriage.

The all familiar studio awaited them. Benedict shrugged off his jacket. Throwing it onto the nearest object.

Y/N stood in the doorway, not knowing how to proceed.

“Come here.” Benedict hummed, holding out his hand. Y/N hesitated but moved closer taking his hand in hers. As soon as she was close, he softly caressed a hand up against her cheek and back towards neck. Craning it so that she was looking up at him.

“I have an idea.” He whispered.

“Hmmm.” Was all Y/N could manage with a small nod.

He took this as confirmation. Grabbing her hand once more and leading her towards the settee in the middle of the room.

“You can say no whenever. We stop when you say stop. But, I would very much like to… draw you.” He sighed.

“Draw me?” Y/N questioned.

Benedict nodded feverishly.

“And how… would you… would you like me?” Y/N drawled out. Wanting to be good for him.

By the way he swallowed hardly and sucked in a sharp breath she could tell it was working.

“I would like you in so many ways Miss Y/N. For now however, I want you to undress.”

Y/N gulped down the nerves. Her hands trembling somewhat but managing to slowly reach up and take her hair down. It cascades across her shoulders and sits just below her shoulders. The way Benedict was reacting, shifting uncomfortably on his feet and his lips parting, gave her so much confidence. She then, removed her gloves, playfully deciding to throw them towards him. He laughs proudly, a glint in his eyes.

She continues, removing her dress from her shoulders, letting it fall to the ground. This is where she falters. Needing some help with the strings of her corset.

“I… uh..” she clears her throat.

“May need some assistance, Mr Bridgerton.”

The way she spoke his name had him weak in the knees. She had no idea the things she did to him, the sheer notion of her.

He sauntered over. His hands gently caressing her bare shoulders from behind. She shivered but urged him to continue. His hands travel softly to the strings, pulling them one by one until the corset hangs loose.

Y/N shrugs it away and is left torso bare but turned away from him. She quickly shuffles out of her skirts and lets them drop also.

Benedict is yet to see her. All of her, but knows it will be worth the wait. He leans down towards her neck and begins planting kisses along her skin down to her shoulders and back up again. Her head tilts slightly to make room for him.

“Please Ben.” Y/N moans.

“Gosh you make it difficult to hold out. But I must capture you. After all, you are my muse. Ever since I met you, truly, met you. It’s like the pencil just uses itself. Before I was struggling, had no inspiration or ideas. But you, you sparked it. You lit the flame that had been stagnant.” He continued to kiss her soft skin.

“I want you to lie down.” He began.

“I will walk back over to the easel and when I turn around I want you here.”

He moved away, walking back over to the chair beside the easel. He had not been gone long but she missed the warmth of his body and the praise that he had been so happy to give.

She did as she was told though, sitting on the settee and then shifting so that she was horizontal. Facing where he was sat. As soon as she was comfortable, he turned.

From the sharp breath to the indescribable look in his eye, Y/N could see the effect she continued to have on him. It felt nice to cause such emotion in another person. For them to want you.

“You are… otherworldly.” He stumbled out, clearing his throat.

His hands soon began to make light work on the easel, sketching out lines. His brow furrowing in concentration.

As much as Y/N was enjoying herself, the confidence she had gained had made her bold and mischievous.

Using one of her hands, she began to caress her own body. Needing to feel something more, to elevate this already lustful scenario.

Benedict caught on quite quickly, he opened his mouth to scold her but was quickly transfixed by the sinful sight before him. He felt his arousal grow and the heat become almost unbearable.

“You are a surprise Y/N.” He croaked.

“Do you mean to say you underestimated me Mr Bridgerton?” She cooed.

“Keep calling me that I will have to make up for my underestimations.” He uttered, his arousal clearly taking over.

“Please.” She moaned. Her hand travelling further and further down her body.

Before she could get any further, Benedict shot up from his seat and marched over to her. Pulling his braces down and removing his shirt. Throwing each item of clothing across the room. He swiftly hoisted himself onto the settee and towered above her.

“But you’re drawing?” Y/N whispered.

“Damn the drawing. It most definitely can wait.” He drawled out, leaning down to kiss her once more.

~

The early morning sun beamed through the window and illuminated Y/N’s soft skin. Benedict had resumed his position by the easel and continued to create. His brow furrowed once more.

He stopped a number of times to just gaze at the beautiful creature that slept before him. He was pleasantly surprised by how knowledgable she had been of ‘intimate relations’ despite never having partaken herself. It excited him, that she had knowledge and was eager to learn but he was excited that he was also the first. Her first and hopefully both of their lasts.

His pencil created stokes across the parchment, the sound bringing him great comfort and joy. He had missed this sound due to his lack of a muse. He glanced Y/N once more.

No longer was he without one. A smile crept on his face just as Y/N began to stir. He watched her as she shifted groggily and slowly opened her eyes.

He kept his mouth shut but laughed softly at her sleepy expression.

“Did you even sleep?” She yawned.

“Somewhat. However, I made a promise to myself.” He cooed.

Y/N now sat upright, using some of the sheets to cover her naked body.

“And what promise was that?” She smirked.

“I decided that if I could finish this by the time you awoke. I would ask you to marry me.”

[lilliad-dreams]

@discreet-eccentric-affairs

Henry's leg was swung over his other, quite lazily so. His head laid against his knuckles, leaning on his arm as he watched around the room. Henry was the host of the party, as he always was at these weekly things, his family- his hive scattered about the party. These parties were a way to try to recruit new members. Henry's hive- They didn't turn people all that often. But they were always looking for new humans to join them. Many of Henry's hive members chose not only to drain their human members, but mate with them. Vampires and humans, there was a special bond.

Henry was bored, though. That much was obvious, and not just to his beloved hive members. Any of the guests could tell their gracious host was bored off his arse. And he hadn't even had a single drink, so his attitude couldn't be blamed on alcohol. He sat in his chair, raised up off the ground like it was a throne, watching everyone else as if he was searching for something. Something to entertain him. He had gone a long time without draining a human.. Henry's hive took out reserves of human blood, for emergencies. Henry had been using those reserves to feed instead of taking a human to drain. It was cleaner, less messy- Less human connections. His former feeder, Lord Wetherby, was mating with George Byron- The poet, another vampire of Henry's hive. Henry cared very little about their little relationship, if he was honest. Byron and Henry had something of a friendly relationship- Henry had felt Byron's lips on his own many times. And Wetherby knew as well as Henry did that he wasn't the only one that Byron drained. It was survival, really. No vampire could survive on just one human. They needed more blood than one human mate could provide. Thus- They took on more. It was normal, it was survival. Henry's hive had called him stupid for it, but Henry was searching for something. Vampires had a special bond with a specific human in the world. Call it soulmates, call it "meant to be", but each Vampire had a connection with a human, somewhere in the world. And Henry was determined to find his. So he invited his hive to invite anyone they liked. He opened his parties to all. He sorted through the rabble, dusted off the grime. He wanted to find his human. He was unsuccessful thus far. Very unsuccessful. But he wouldn't stop looking, not now.. Even if his hive told him it was an effort he'd regret. Wetherby especially seemed to have an issue with it. Perhaps it was the man's intense envy. He wanted Henry's attention back, and ever since Henry had started looking for his "soulmate", Wetherby had been pushed to the side. Henry hadn't meant to do it, not really... But he found himself less interested in draining any of the humans in his hive when he started his search.

His hive's nurse, Ms. Lucy Hollow, told him something he wouldn't forget. She was his biggest supporter. "They're somewhere out there, Henry. Don't stop looking, if that's what your heart is telling you." She'd looked at him with such kindness, he couldn't let her down. Her support pushed him to keep looking.

And who knows, maybe tonight was his lucky night...

[lizardrosen]

@glintglimmergleam, @avocado-moon, It's finished!!

Every year at Aubrey Hall, the Bridgerton siblings convene on Boxing Day to mount a Shakespeare play under their acting company, The Viscount’s Men. Every year Eloise gets mad that they wouldn’t choose a gender neutral name, and every year she’s shouted down because it’s a historical reference to Shakespeare’s own troupe, The Lord Chamberlain’s Men. The argument she’s bound to lose is as much of a tradition as the play itself. The audience has always been exclusively their parents and the Aubrey Hall servants, and maybe Lady Danbury if she's visiting for Christmas. In 1814, the play they choose is Hamlet.

Relationships: Hamlet/Ophelia (Hamlet), Claudius/Gertrude (Hamlet), Gertrude/Hamlet Sr. (Hamlet), Edmund Bridgerton/Violet Bridgerton, Henry Granville/Lord Wetherby

Characters: Anthony Bridgerton, Benedict Bridgerton, Colin Bridgerton, Daphne Bridgerton, Eloise Bridgerton, Francesca Bridgerton, Gregory Bridgerton, Hyacinth Bridgerton

Hamlet (Hamlet), Laertes (Hamlet), Polonius (Hamlet), Gertrude (Hamlet), Ophelia (Hamlet), Claudius (Hamlet), Hamlet Sr. (Hamlet), Rosencrantz and Guildenstern (Hamlet), Horatio (Hamlet). Fortinbras (Hamlet)

Additional Tags: Theatre, Performance Art, Grief/Mourning, Character Study, Retelling of Hamlet, Anthony Bridgerton Loves His Family, Artist Benedict Bridgerton, Good Sibling Benedict Bridgerton, implied Hamlet/Laertes, Implied Hamlet/Horatio, but Anthony doesn't know he's playing a bisexual character

Word Count: 19,598

[colourofthekites]

OK Benedict Bridgerton may not be a man of fancy but you CANNOT tell me his interest was not piqued when learning of Henry Graville's affairs with Lord Wetherby

[aimeedaisies]

Court Circular | 9th June 2024

St James’s Palace

The Princess Royal this afternoon attended Bramham International Horse Trials Prize Giving at Bramham Park, Wetherby, on its Fiftieth Anniversary and was received by His Majesty’s Lord-Lieutenant of West Yorkshire (Mr Edmund Anderson).

[ao3feed-kathony]

The Possession

read it on AO3 at https://archiveofourown.org/works/54022738 by Godsgirl1326 This is a dark controlling version of AU what ifs where Colin decides that he will take what he wants and to hell with the consequences after finding out the truth of Marina's lies. Words: 975, Chapters: 1/?, Language: English Fandoms: Bridgerton (TV) Rating: Mature Warnings: Rape/Non-Con Categories: F/M Characters: Colin Bridgerton, Penelope Featherington, Marina Thompson, Violet Bridgerton, Eloise Bridgerton, Anthony Bridgerton, Benedict Bridgerton, Sophie Beckett, Kate Sheffield | Kate Sharma, Portia Featherington, Prudence Featherington, Phillip Crane, Philippa Featherington, Simon Basset, Lord Wetherby (Bridgerton), Henry Granville, Original Characters Relationships: Colin Bridgerton/Penelope Featherington, Colin Bridgerton/Marina Thompson, Anthony Bridgerton/Kate Sheffield | Kate Sharma, Sophie Beckett/Benedict Bridgerton, Simon Basset/Daphne Bridgerton, Eloise Bridgerton/Phillip Crane Additional Tags: Dark read it on AO3 at https://archiveofourown.org/works/54022738

[aleesblog]

Yorkshire's contribution to British Neurology

Occasional essay

1Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK 2National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK

3Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, UCL, London, UK

Correspondence to

Professor Andrew J Lees, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N3BG, UK;

andrew.lees@ucl.ac.uk

Received 16 May 2012 Revised 10 August 2012 Accepted 21 August 2012 Published Online First

28 September 2012

John M S Pearce,1 Andrew J Lees2,3

INTRODUCTION

In a paper to the Royal Society in 1939, Lord Adrian (1889–1977) described the era between 1870 and 1900 as ‘a classical period in the history of medicine, the period when neurology became a science.’1 Spillane similarly referred to ‘ a memor- able decade [1874–84] in the history of Neurology.’2 3

Although the birth of modern British Neurology is justifiably linked with the opening of the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic in 1860, scientific neurological research could fairly be stated to have begun in Yorkshire. Compston observed:

In many respects, the modern study of disordered brain function in Britain has its origins in Wakefield, Yorkshire. This was where James Crichton-Browne turned the West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum [WRPLA] into a research institute that attracted, amongst others, Sir David Ferrier and John Hughlings Jackson.4

In this paper, we would like to suggest that the influence of Yorkshire in the history of British Neurology actually began before this period with Thomas Laycock at the York Medical School. A remarkable concatenation of events stemming from the pioneering work in mental illness of the Tukes in York, the confirmation of cerebral localisa- tion in the West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum (WRPLA), and crucially Laycock’s romantic neuro- science paved the way for a major leap forward in the study of nervous disease in England in the nineteenth century. Many of the leading Yorkshire lights in this movement were members of a Nonconformist minority and contributed to both the lasting neurological tradition of the Royal London Hospital and the success in establishing the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic as a cradle for neurological thought in England.

THOMAS LAYCOCK (1812–1876) Thomas Laycock is remembered today by neurolo- gists as one of the formative influences5 behind the neurological inclinations of Jonathan Hutchinson and John Hughlings Jackson during his time in York, and later in Edinburgh, on David Ferrier and James Crichton-Browne.

Laycock was the son of a Wesleyan Methodist preacher, born in Wetherby on 12 August 1812, a small Yorkshire market town on the Great North road (A1.) He attended the Methodist Woodhouse Grove School, and at the age of 15 years served as apprentice surgeon-apothecary to the Spence brothers in Bedale with the Wesleyan family

connection covering his indenture fees. In 1833, he left Yorkshire for the newly opened University College, London (UCL) to complete his medical education.

Referred to by Thomas Arnold as ‘that Godless institution in Gower Street’, London University had resulted from strong pressure and financial support from Nonconformists. These ‘Dissenters’ had planned a university for those excluded by Oxford and Cambridge, but also to offer subjects not previ- ously recognised in the university curriculum.

After his studies in London, Laycock spent 3 months in Paris with Pierre Louis and then a spell in Göttingen where he received his doctorate degree, summa cum laude, in 1839. On his return to the York County Hospital, he was appointed lec- turer at York Medical School and physician to the York Dispensary. At this time, York had a highly competitive medical establishment, but Laycock’s teaching skills were admired at the medical school and at Yorkshire’s many medical societies (figure 1).

In York, he had contact with Daniel Hack Tuke (1827–1895) at the Quaker-founded Retreat. Laycock’s studies led to papers on the reflex func- tion of the brain and periodic illness (proleptics). He also wrote articles on hysteria emphasising the ovarian influence. Following Robert Whytt, Johann August Unzer (1727–1799) and Jirí Procháska (1749–1820), Laycock considered that the nervous system was a continuous series of structures that obeyed the laws of reflex function:

The brain, although the organ of consciousness, was subject to the laws of reflex action and in this respect it did not differ from other ganglia of the nervous system.6

This revolutionary idea supported by the experi- ments of Sechenov can be later traced in the experiments of Pavlov, Ferrier and Sherrington. From his Museum Street home, Laycock sent this paper to William Alison, of Edinburgh. A decade later he was appointed Alison’s successor.

After his controversial appointment to the Chair in Edinburgh in 1855, he met David Ferrier (1843– 1928). Laycock’s notions of the unconscious would influence Ferrier’s own ideas expressed in The Functions of the Brain (1876).

He was an idealist by disposition whose specula- tions generated much controversy, but there is no doubt about his abilities to teach and inspire his students at York Medical School (opened in 1834 and closed in 1862). Two of his protégés, Jonathan Hutchinson and Hughlings Jackson would follow in his footsteps in studying the workings of the brain when they later moved from York to the capital.

THE WRPLA, WAKEFIELD

Dismayed by the death of one Hannah Mills in appalling conditions in the York Lunatic Asylum in 1790, the Quaker, York coffee and tea merchant William Tuke (1732–1822) and the Society of Friends, founded The Retreat in 1792, which led the world in the humane treatment of the mentally ill. Many of its inmates harboured organic brain diseases although the idea of brain disease causing mental symptoms was not generally recognised.7

The WRPLA was sited in Wakefield, on East Moor; Samuel Tuke gave advice about its planning and management. On 20 October 1814, the Leeds Magistrates resolved that an ‘Asylum for the Lunatic Paupers’ of the Riding should be built as speed- ily as possible in the neighbourhood of Wakefield. It opened on 23 November 1818, housing about 450 lunatics and epileptics (figure 2).

However, it was not until James Crichton-Browne (1840– 1938) was appointed as its fifth Director in 1866 that it became a vibrant and innovative focus for neurological research. Nineteenth century ‘alienists’ (psychiatrists or ‘mad doctors’) were regarded as second-rate physicians by the London medical establishment, so that apart from a few physicians, like Bentley Todd, Marshall Hall and Russell Reynolds, interest in diseases and the functions of the brain was not fashionable in the capital. Crichton-Browne was born in Edinburgh, son of WAF Browne, first superintendent of Crichton Royal Asylum, Dumfries, and read Medicine at Edinburgh. At the early age of 26 years, he was appointed director of the West Riding Lunatic Asylum, by which time Hughlings Jackson had already pro- pounded the concept of cerebral localisation. Like Jackson, Crichton-Browne had been exposed to the teachings of Laycock; both regarded cerebral asymmetry as an evolutionary achievement, distorted in insanity.

In Wakefield, Crichton-Browne established a pathology laboratory and started annual open days and ‘conversaziones’ with distinguished visiting speakers. Most importantly, he provided Ferrier with a laboratory and a rich supply of primates, pigeons, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs and cats to test, experimentally, Jackson’s views on hemiplegia and epilepsy. At this time, Ferrier was at King’s College as professor of Forensic Medicine and assistant physician at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic working alongside Jackson.

He used low-intensity faradic stimulation on the cortices of rabbits, cats, dogs and macaques, and provided a precise map of motor functions. When he ablated the same cortical area, loss of the function elicited by stimulation occurred. High-intensity stimulation of the motor cortex evoked repetitive movements in the neck, face and limbs resembling epilepsy, probably due to spread of the focus of stimulation: an interpretation identi- cal to the clinical deductions of Jackson in his patients with epilepsy. Within a remarkable few months of his arrival in Wakefield in the spring of 1873, Ferrier had established localisa- tion of cerebral motor ‘centres’ by experiments of cortical stimulation and ablation. The results were rapidly published in the West Riding Lunatic Asylum Reports, in the British Medical Journal, and at the Royal Society in 1874.11 Later, in 1876, Ferrier dedicated his book ‘The Functions of the Brain’ to:

... Dr Hughlings Jackson, who from a clinical and pathological standpoint anticipated many of the more important results of recent experimental investigation into the functions of the cere- bral hemispheres, This work is dedicated as a mark of the author’s esteem and admiration.

Extending the work of Fritsch and Hitzig,12 it was Ferrier’s critical experiments in Wakefield that were to provide the scien- tific basis for cerebral localisation and led him to observe in 1883

... we are within measurable distance of the successful treat- ment by surgery of some of the most distressing and otherwise hopeless forms of intracranial disease.

Such was the impact of the Wakefield research that between 1871 and 1876, 62 of the 79 articles published in Crichton-Browne’s newly established West Riding Medical Reports came from work conducted at the Asylum itself. It included contributions on epilepsy from John Hughlings Jackson, and on cerebral localisation from David Ferrier. Allbutt published his work on ophthalmoscopy at the asylum and his use of brief electrical stimulation on the head and neck of around 20 inmates. Following Crichton-Browne’s resignation and move to London in 1876 to become Lord Chancellor’s Visitor in Lunacy, the West Riding Medical Reports ceased but a meeting in the capital attended by Crichton-Browne,13 Ferrier, Jackson, and the alienist Bucknill led to the creation of the world’s first neuroscientific journal, Brain, in April 1878.

Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913), can be considered a founder of neurological research at the London Hospital, Whitechapel. He was born at Red House, Quayside—within a stone’s throw of Selby Abbey, the second of 10 children born to the Quaker, Jonathan Hutchinson, a middleman in the flax trade. Hutchinson was apprenticed in 1845 to Caleb Williams of York, an apothecary and surgeon; He attended York Medical School between 1846 and 1850, (7 years before Jackson). After graduation, Hutchinson wrote of his teacher:

Dr Laycock: a real treat to listen to—some good observations against materialism.

In 1859, he moved south as assistant surgeon to the London Hospital, and helped found the New Sydenham Society. His inspiration in the capital was James Paget. For a time he shared lodgings in Charterhouse Square with fellow Quaker, Daniel Hack Tuke. Later, Hutchinson and his wife took Jackson into their home at 14 Finsbury Circus and the two men became life- long friends14 Hutchinson also helped Jackson, co-opting him as a medical journalist reporting meetings and cases for the Medical Times and Gazette.

Hutchinson earned eponymous fame with Hutchinson’s triad: nerve deafness, keratitis, pegged incisors, which character- ise congenital syphilis, and Hutchinson’s fixed dilated pupil of temporal lobe coning. He also gave one of the earliest accounts of cranial arteritis, as well as detailing some previously unde- scribed skin and eye diseases.

He became President of the Royal College of Surgeons and was knighted, but never forgot his roots, and forged links in London with several other colleagues born in Yorkshire including Ramskill, the first physician to be appointed to the National Hospital, Queen Square and Broadbent. After both he and Jackson had achieved glittering success he revealingly wrote:

Our lives were in many features remarkably parallel. We were both of us born in country districts in Yorkshire, and were both educated, so to speak, on the spot. This applies not only to school teaching but to professional matters, for in each case all that sufficed for our examinations for diplomas was obtained at the medical school which then existed in the city of York. In this city each of us served his apprenticeship, and in each case, after a very brief stay in London for the purpose of obtaining the diploma, we went back to our native city, ...

THE WHITE ROSE CONNECTION AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL FOR THE CURE OF THE PARALYSED AND EPILEPTIC In the second half of the nineteenth century there was a prolif- eration of small specialist hospitals in central London, most were denigrated by the medical establishment and by the editor of the Lancet. The Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic at 24, Queen Square, opened in March 1860 with only six beds,15 but differed from most of these other boutique hospitals in that it was a charitable institution, founded by two sisters with no medical connections. Jabez Ramskill (1825–1897) had looked after one of the Chandler sisters and was appointed in 1860 as one of the first two physicians to the new hospital. Born in Leeds and trained at Guys Hospital, he had already worked with Hutchinson at the Metropolitan Hospital and London Hospital. Ramskill was instrumental in persuading the management of the new hospital to open its doors to epileptics. Two years after his appointment, he also recommended his younger colleague, Jackson, for the post of assistant physician at Queen Square. Ramskill was a competent clinician, and enabled Jackson to develop an interest in aphasia and epilepsy by allowing access to his patients. The other first staff appointment was the Mauritian, Charles Brown-Séquard (1817–1894), whose appointment to the new hospital gave it a cachet that would attract other neuroscientists like Jackson and Ferrier to follow in his footsteps and consolidate the hospital as a clinical research centre.

Other early appointments at the new hospital included Charles Bland Radcliffe (1822–1889) who trained in Leeds, and the Nonconformist, John Russell Reynolds (1828–1896), who had worked in Leeds and had strong family connections there. They were followed by another Yorkshireman, the antievolu- tionist, Charles Elam (1824–1889), who had been born in Birstall, West Yorkshire and studied at the Medical School, and Sir William Gowers (1845–1915) whose mother was from Bentley near Doncaster, and whose wife, Mary Baines, an in-law of Reynolds, was born in Leeds. In addition to their Yorkshire connections, a number of these early Queen Square staff appointments, including Gowers and Reynolds, came from Nonconformist backgrounds.

John Hughlings Jackson (1835–1911)16 is the foremost figure in 19th century British Neurology. Although not always understanding his ideas, his younger colleagues at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic revered him and he became known as the ‘Father of British Neurology.’17 Jackson was born on 4 April 1835 at Providence Green, Green Hammerton, a small homestead between York and Knaresborough.18 The youngest of four children, his father, Samuel Jackson (1806–1858), was a yeoman farmer and brewer. His mother, Sarah Hughlings (1807/1808–1836), was daughter of a Welsh tax collector from Llanfintangel Rhyithon. Aged just 15, he began his studies at York Medical School, apprenticed on 20 October 1850 to Dr William Charles Anderson at 23, Stonegate. There, Jackson was exposed to the ‘romantic science’ of Thomas Laycock which led to his lifelong love for philosophy and the study of neurology. His later excur- sions into the relation between brain physiology and mental illness (‘insanity ’) may also have stemmed from another teacher, Daniel Hack Tuke, grandson of William Tuke who founded the York Retreat.

Jackson’s early clinical experience was gained in the York County Hospital and Dispensary. He completed his training at London’s St Bartholomew’s Hospital and qualified LSA on 10 April 1856. He returned to the York Dispensary in 1856, as a house surgeon before moving back to London in 1860. Brown Séquard advised him that ‘if he wished to attain anything he must keep to the nervous system.’20 In 1862, he was appointed assistant physician to The National Hospital, and in 1863 assistant physician to the London Hospital, and full Physician in 1874. He was much gratified by election as FRS in 1878. Hutchinson significantly recalled:

The fact that he was remembered by the University of Leeds in his later life was one of which he frequently reminded me and which added I am sure, much to his happiness in old-age.21

His papers on epilepsy, the hierarchical dissolution of nervous system functions, localisation of brain functions and aphasia have been widely praised and most of their key findings accepted.20 His reflections always stemmed from his minute analysis of clinical phenomena, and it is inaccurate to look upon him as a thinker rather than a doer, and equally wrong to paint him as an unexceptional clinician.

Hughlings Jackson, writing of insanity said in 1881: ‘We require a rational generalisation so wide as to show on the physical side relations of diseases of the mind, which are for physicians nothing but diseases of the highest centres, to all other diseases of the nervous system.” Despite Jackson’s advice, many at Queen Square seemed to abhor investigation into disorders of the mind, and a schism between neurology and psychiatry emerged in England.

Henry Maudsley (1835–1918), however, shared Jackson’s views.22 Born on an isolated farm near Settle in the North Riding of Yorkshire, he studied at Giggleswick School and grad- uated at UCL, winning 10 gold medals. After qualification, Maudlsey worked briefly at the West Riding Lunatic Asylum. In 1865, he obtained a position as physician to the West London Hospital. Maudsley was later appointed professor of Medical Jurisprudence at UCL in 1869.

Throughout his life, he considered himself a physician rather than a ‘mad doctor’. He was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, and delivered the Goulstonian Lectures in 1870, on ‘Body and Mind.’ This influenced Darwin’s The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872).

He published20 many highly regarded books. His name is per- petuated by his collaboration in 1907 with the London County Council to found the Maudsley Hospital to which he gave £40 000. It was completed in 1915, and in 1948, merged with Bethlem Royal Hospital.

Born in the same year as Jackson, both men were introverts and became rather reclusive in later life, both were criticised for

impenetrable prose, and yet, 100 years after their death their respective legacies continue to inform current thinking and practice in the neurosciences.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

The inspirational teaching of Thomas Laycock in York, and the crucial confirmation of cerebral localisation by one of his stu- dents, David Ferrier at the WRPLA, were important landmarks relating the county of Yorkshire to the development of neurology as a science in Britain. Some of Laycock’s other Yorkshire-born students, such as Jackson and Hutchinson, were also highly influential in the development of neurology at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic and the London Hospital.

Author note Based on an invited paper (author JMSP) given to the Association of British Neurologist’s meeting, Newcastle upon Tyne, October 2011 and inspired by the 150th anniversary of the National Hospital, Queen Square in 2010. This is an attenuated version of a longer essay, available from the authors.

REFERENCES 1. Adrian ED. The localization of activity in the brain. Ferrier lecture. Proc Roy Soc

1939;126:433–49. 2. Spillane JD. A memorable decade in the history of neurology 1874–84. Br Med J

1974;4:701–6. 3. Spillane JD. A memorable decade in the history of neurology 1874–84. Br Med J

1974;4:757–9. 4. Compston A. From the archives. (On the weight of the brain and its component

parts in the insane. By J. Crichton-Browne, MD, FRSE, Lord Chancellor’s Visitor.

Brain 1879;1:514–18 and 1879;2:42–67.) Brain 2007;130:599–601. 5. Pearce JMS. Thomas Laycock (1812–1876). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

2002;73:303. 6. Laycock T. On the reflex function of the brain. Br Foreign Med J

1845;19:298–311. 7. Pearce JMS. Brain disease leading to mental illness: a concept initiated by the

discovery of general paralysis of the insane. Eur Neurol 2012;67:272–8. 8. Pearce JMS. Sir David Ferrier MD, FRS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

2003;74:787. 9. Ferrier D. “Experimental Researches in Cerebral Physiology and Pathology,” West

Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports, 1873;3:30–96. 10. Ferrier D. Experimental researches in cerebral physiology and pathology. BMJ

1873;1:457. 11. Ferrier D. The localisation of functions in the brain. Proc Royal Society

1874;229–32. http://rspl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/22/148-155/228.full.pdf 12. Fritsch G, Hitzig E. Uber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirn. Archive Fur

Anatomie, Physiologie und Wissenschaftliche Medicin 1870;37:300–32. 13. Pearce JMS. Sir James Crichton-Browne 1840–1938. J Neurol Neurosurg

Psychiatry 2003;74:949. 14. Hutchinson J. The Late Dr. Hughlings Jackson: recollections of a lifelong friendship.

BMJ 1911;2:1551–4. 15. Critchley M. The beginnings of the National Hospital, Queen Square (1859–1860).

BMJ 1960;2:1829–37. 16. York GK, Steinberg DA. An introduction to the Life and Work of John Hughlings

Jackson. Med Hist Suppl 2007;26:3–157. 17. Critchley M, Critchley E. John Hughlings Jackson: father of English neurology.

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. 18. Taylor J. Biographical memoir. In: Hughlings Jackson J. Neurological fragments.

Humphrey Milford: Oxford University Press, 1925:1–27. 19. Hale-White W. Great doctors of the nineteenth century. London: Arnold,

1935:268–89. 20. Collie M. Henry Maudsley: Victorian psychiatrist. A bibliographical study.

Winchester: St Paul’s Bibliographies, 1988. 21. Brain R. Neurology: past, present and future. BMJ 1958;1:358. 22. Lewis A. J. Henry Maudsley: his work and influence. J Ment Sci 1951;97:259.

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J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp-2012-303248 on 28 September 2012. Downloaded from http://jnnp.bmj.com/ on February 3, 2025 at UCL Library Services . Protected by copyright, including for uses related to text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

[triviareads]

I saw an article saying Bridgerton is gonna have a queer couple, is it going to be one of the main characters? I doubt it bc the producer kinda skipt that question

so based on how the show historically has handled queer couples (making them disappear after one season in the case of Henry Granville and Lord Wetherby, or one of them is gone, possibly dead, in the present-day scenes in the case of Brimsley and Reynolds), I'm not too optimistic. However, the line "how exactly that plays out over this season and the next couple seasons" makes me wonder if this couple will have a multi-season arc.

[absolutelynotclassicusernam-blog]

I don’t know how I missed my first two times watching Bridgerton Season 1 that while Henry Granville is having sex with Lord Wetherby, Lucy Granville is also there and having a threesome with Benedict and Genevieve, but now that I know, I have to give it up for the Granvilles. Mlm/wlw solidarity at its finest.

[socialseasons]

"It would be a shameful thing if it were not so funny." - Violet

Cheeks flushed with the sheer effort it took to hold in peals of laughter, Violet shook her head to ward of the images that Ophelia's quip had given her. As much as she tried to avoid gossip, she found herself lured in by the promise of laughter and scandal: Both of which she had found in her current conversation.

"Do you think it is true?" she asked. "I cannot image Lord Wetherby making such a fool of himself."