#korean grammar in use

[dreamer-hangugeo]

𝐊𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐧 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫: Verb + 다가 ✏️𝐔𝐬𝐚𝐠𝐞 - This expression is used to indicate the speaker's interruption of one action to immediately start doing another action. -다가 can be shortened to the form -다. E.g. 축구를 하다가 넘어져서 다쳤어요. (I was playing soccer and then I felt and got hurt.) ✏️ 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞 (1) This expression is also used to indicate that the action in the preceding clause continues while the action in the following clause occurs. E.g. 잠을 자다가 꿈을 꾸었어요. (I had a dream while sleeping.) (2) The subject of the preceding and following clauses must be the same. E.g. (내가) 밥을 먹다가 전화가 왔습니다. (X) ᅳ> (내가) 밥을 먹다가 (내가) 전화를 받았습니다. (〇) The sentence is ungrammatical because the subject of 전화가 왔습니다 is 전화. Therefore, the subject is different. (3) This grammar can also be used with some adjectives to indicate the change from one state to another. E.g. 날씨가 맑다가 갑자기 흐려졌어요. (It was sunny and suddenly became cloudy.) ✏️ 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐣𝐮𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 After removing 다 from the root verb, add ~다가 after the verb stem irrespective of whether the verb stem ends with a consonant or vowel. 먹다 → 먹다가  (I was eating and then...) 일하다 → 일다가 (I was working and then...) ✏️ 𝐃𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐧 -다가 𝐚𝐧𝐝 -면서, -고 -다가 expresses the interruption of one action to do another action. -면서 expresses that two actions are happening at the same time -고 express the time order (the first action happens and then the second action) E.g. 공부하다가 음악을 들어요. → In the middle of studying, he listened to music. (the action of studying hasn’t finished) 공부하면서 음악을 들었어요. → While studying, he listened to music (the action of studying and listening to music happened at the same time) 공부하고 음악을 들어요. → He studied and then listened to music (the action of studying has finished.) ✏️ 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬 1. 아까 낮에 뭐 했니? - 만화책을 읽다가 친구하고 같이 외출했어. (What did you do this afternoon? - I was reading a comic book, but then I went out with a friend.) 2. 어디에 다녀오세요? - 요리를 하다가 파가 없어서 사 왔어요. (Where are you going? - I was cooking, but then there was no onion, so I went out to buy some.) 3. 길을 걸어가다가 갑자기 생각이 나서 전화했어. (I was walking down the street and suddenly thought (of you), so I called.) 4. 중국어를 배우다가 너무 어려워서 포기했어요. (While learning Chinese, I gave up because it was too difficult.) 5. 설거지를 하다가 접시를 깨뜨렸어요. (While doing dishes, I broke the plate.) #한국어문법 #KoreanGrammar #LearnKorean #Studywithme -

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[dosoguan]

■ 📚 Impara il #Coreano 🇰🇷 in modo progressivo! 📈 La Serie #KoreanGrammarInUse Per uno Studio Completo in 3 Volumi della #LinguaCoreana ! 🎯 ⭐️📝 #Start or #ReStart your Study of the #KoreanLanguage After Having studied the #Hangeul ! ���️ Day by Day You 'll Learn the #KoreanGrammar patterns More in Detail and Practise with Exercises 🌟 ✏️ ✻↪From your Begginer Steps to the Advanced Ones ✅ **

[khickuwa]

My thoughts on “A Dream of Benji” - Luke’s Fluffy Fuzzy Time Card

so I had the privilege (or the misfortune, depends on how you’d view it lmao /lh) of getting and reading Luke’s new FFT card. I haven't seen anyone talking about it yet, and I have many thoughts about it so.... To anyone who hasn’t read it yet, beware I’ll be discussing spoilers (come back when you’ve read it please I promise you you won’t regret it) and as everyone else probably mention it’s probably best to read this after the FFT event (or at least after completing Benji’s route) 

BUT I MUST SAY, this card has surprisingly became one of my favorite Luke cards (in  terms of the art as well I mean look at THEM(tm) LAYING DOWN IN A MEADOW OF FLOWER... MISS ROSA LOOKS SO ESPECIALLY PRETTY HERE LIKE) right up there with Luke’s 1st anniversary card “Under the Milky Way” and Luke’s “Shape of You” card. I know everyone is probably saving up for the second anniversary (I really need to save up to I haven’t been playing as much last month) but if you do have the s-chips to get the card like... *grabs you in a chokehold* it’s so good. I promise you it’s really worth it.

Though disclaimer!  These are just my thoughts (I’ve been up all night thinking about a virtual dog... Please I Am Not Okay) feel free to disagree! I’ll be discussing about character death and Luke’s illness, so if you ain’t good with that feel free to skip this!

Okay, moving on.

Hoyoverse. What the actual fuck. (YOU THOUGHT IT WAS GOING TO BE A CUTE CARD? CUTE EVENT? TAKING CARE OF VIRTUAL ANIMALS?  A FLUFFY FUZZY FUN TIME!?!? WRONG. ABSOLUTELY WRONG.) This whole card was so incredibly devastating and yet it’s so hopeful at the same time. They really hammered in the idea of “inevitability” and “hopeful anticipation”  irt actualbird's journal of NXX Investigation Team Behavioral Studies. To me at least, this card is like everything that makes Luke... Luke... condensed into a card.

About Benji  (you sweet sweet boy):

Immediately right in the first story, Benji is admitted into hospital and it’s very much obvious that... Benji, a retired 9-year old military dog, doesn’t have much time left.

Benji, obviously, is very much a parallel to Luke Pearce... As I was reading the card, Benji’s situation almost feels like a peek into of what could be Luke’s Future... what could become of Luke. Once great and majestic dog plowing through a vast field of snow, saving hostages along side other agent... now so frail, the wear and tear of old injuries, old age and illness is finally getting to Benji. 

...and in Luke’s own words: “Is he still the same Benji from my memories.”

Luke and Rosa decides to take Benji into a dog park, where they hope to give Benji some sort of “freedom”... for Benji to finally some semblance of living life as a normal dog. It still had to be catered in a way that was familiar to Benji... and this is sort of scattered around through out between the event stories and the card. eg. making custom training dumbbells, planning training regiments, recreating a hostage situation. Even when Benji is retired, he's still yearning to go back... eg looking back to the direction of military base. Because in the end of the day, that’s all Benji Knows. His Whole Life has Always Been a Mission to Benji.

Then Mr. Henderson, a man in the dog park who's also grieving about his late dog, who's also a retired military dog. And while Luke was able to open up to this man, as both have/are going through the same grief. But MAN did that interaction cause Luke to spiral downwards.

Even in what I would say Benji’s last moments with Luke and Rosa, the way that Luke had to dismiss Benji of his “duty” this way. (I’m not okay, I’m not okay, THIS DIALOGUE WRECKED ME)

About Luke (ah here we go again):

After being subsequently punched multiple times in the face by “LOOK BENJI/LUKE PARALLELS, LOOK AT IT. LOOK AT IT!!!”

As I’m going “NO BENJI UWAH QAQ” every second through this card... I also can’t help but fear for Luke. It really made me think that... let’s say even if NSB drops Luke the moment he was diagnosed with the illness and three years left to live, I really do wonder if he would’ve been able to cope with it... or otherwise live with himself? 

Luke as we know it, has this whole self deprecating deal of avoiding and hesitating happiness. The way I see it, he often times try to make himself seem "small" in a way, that he prioritizes other people's needs first before his own. And I would imagine the last thing he'd want for himself is to become a burden/useless. If one day Luke does retire from NSB, one would think that he'd be free... but not really either. I can imagine him being sort of like "what now?" (i can sort imagine luke entering this phase of adjusting back to normal life when he's back in Stellis. this brings me to the headcanon of luke's... questionable lifestyle is a product of Luke having to readjust to normal life /i’m sorry i made fun of your kitchen and my boy, you probably had to make do what with what you had.)

If think about Luke lying in a hospital bed, nearing the end of his life. I'm Going To Lose It (tm). But looking at Benji all old and sickly... I really can’t help imagine that IF it were to happen, it would probably go down the same way it did for Benji. (I Am Going To Cry)

Anyways, after the conversation with Mr. Henderson, Luke spirals down into thoughts of "if I didn't left you, would things have been different?", “we could’ve been happier, if only I had made the “right” choice. (and I wanna grab him by the shoulders and then scream at him “LUKE STOP BAD >:C”)

About Rosa (YOU GO GIRL SLAY):

NOW, HONESTLY. ROSA REALLY DO SHINE IN THIS CARD. HER RESPONSE TO BENJI. HER RESPONSE TO HER SAD LITTLE BOYFRIEND GRIEFING AN SPIRALING DOWN. THIS IS WHY SHE IS THE MC(TM) AAA

but more than that, this card somehow not only showcase her strengths but also how this somehow becomes a weakness as well (at least to me). 

Rosa to me, comes off someone who really looks on straight ahead and her focus on what she can do in the present, in contrast to Luke’s tendency to focus on past regrets and uncertain tomorrows. I would argue that she also has this like- perseverance/stubbornness against adversities and I would say that her solutions also come off as very head on?. (could you imagine having to argue with your lawyer girlfriend, like nah... you ain’t winning for sure.)

(”But that’s for dogs” I’m laughing through TEARS OMG - Luke is Dog-Coded FR) But Rosa in here is really ain’t letting Luke go, forcing Luke to Actually Look into her Eyes and tell her What’s Wrong. (LukeRosa nose booping omg...this is how they comfort each other in my head from now on) Which yes, sometimes I think Luke does need someone who can hold him back before he retreats, but also at the same time... after this exchange, Rosa realizes that it’s not really quite enough to erase his worries. And I think this is also the exact moment Rosa realizes that not all problems could be solved immediately... sometimes you have to let time do its thing and just.. sit with it. 

(Rosa calling in an animal psychologist... like did she just searched on up in the internet for consultation like pls Rosa) In Story 5 (I’d put in every screenshot from this part if I could), we go on the Benji’s “rescue mission”, I kinda enjoyed how Rosa does fumble a bit here and there... though with good intentions, perhaps the overly familiar environment was over-stimulating to Benji? which caused him to attack Luke somehow... But anyways... It seems that Benji still thinks that he’s on service and it’s not when Luke “dismissed” him of his “duties does Benji stop and Luke, just so full of grief, wondering why Benji couldn’t just forget the past. And Rosa really isn’t holding back with her words when she says:

“Why does Benji have to forget the past?” “

Have you ever thought that perhaps Benji is proud of himself for being a military dog?” 

“You said before if Benji wasn’t a military dog, he could probably lead a happier life.”

“But Luke, you and I are not Benji, We can never understand Benji’s true feelings.”

“And we can’t just make wild guesses about whether Benji would have ended in a better situation if he had made a different choice...

“Because it will never happen”

Because it will never happen....

MISS ROSA I-

“But how are you sure a “perfect and flawless” choice exists in this world”

“Luke, are you sure that if one makes a different choice, one’s ending will be better?”

I just really love Rosa for this because she just so... incredibly focused in the present and taking one’s autonomy. And this is probably so reassuring to Luke (and to me) cause she’s basically saying “regardless of what happens, we will be fine.” 

And I don’t think Rosa has ever blamed Luke for leaving, for having a dangerous job, nor for getting diagnosed with only 3-years left to live. SHE JUST LOVES HIM SO MUCH OUEUEUEUEUOOO!!! Even. EVEN. if Luke’s condition does turn for the worse, I really do think that Luke is in very VERY capable hands. AND THAT’S SO REASSURING TO ME? As much as I Really Don’t Want Luke to Die (Please Find A Cure For Him), but just the thought that Rosa is going to be there for him (just as he will be there for her) regardless of whatever happens to the both of them, it will always be the “best ending”.

I’m just so happy that Rosa’s answer to Benji’s case is really just to ensure that Benji lives the last few days of his life... happy. and IT’S SUCH A ROSA ANSWER PLS... Even with Luke as well, even with knowing all the risks of staying with Luke, she’d rather make the most out of the remaining time they have. But even so, she’s still so full of hope! “As long as we’re not at the end of the path, there’ll be boundless possibilities” 

Luke is the Definition of Devotion, BUT CAN WE TALK ABOUT ROSA? It’s so subtle, but I really can’t deny that Rosa does really really really love Luke too, in a way that she’s going to be there for him... for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, until parted by death. (HOLDS THEM BOTH IN THE PALM OF MY HANDS UUUUUOEOEOOEOE)

When Benji finally passes away peacefully in a quiet afternoon, with Luke and Rosa at his side, I really do think that this is the best ending for him. RIP Benji, you were the goodest boy. 

[gifti3]

guess who's back, guess who's back? me and i brought more arranged marriage AU writing. the last post was this one.

this post is shorter and features Asmo and Luci this time. Cause i needed to get some complaining Asmo in here. Anyways thanks for reading, hope you like it :] (and happy early birthday to Asmo!!! 🎂🎉 sorry for putting u in situations lmao)

-------------------------------------

"Asmodeus stop hanging off me."

Lucifer tries to pull his brother off, but he doesn't budge. Asmodeus who was currently kneeling next to his study chair, continue to hold on to his arm with surprising strength.

"But you have to help me! Pleaseeeee!"

Lucifer lets out a deep sigh, continuing his work and looking through documents as if Asmodeus isn't there. "I already told you, Father's word was final."

"But-But there has to be a way to talk him out of this! And you're the only one he might listen to!"

"Trust me, the one suggestion I made was completely rejected. He's completely resolute about this marriage."

"Then make another suggestion!"

"Can you at least meet MC first before you throw a tantrum like a child? From what we've seen they're polite and mostly keep to themselves. So getting along with them should be easy for you as long as you don't do anything foolish."

"Hmmm…they sound kinda boring."

Lucifer pinches the bridge of his nose. He could feel a migraine coming on. "Behave when you actual meet them Asmo."

Asmodeus huffs and finally releases his older brother and instead begins pacing in front of his desk.

"But why does it have to be me? I know I'm a catch, but last time I checked, other people in this family weren't married!"

"I already explained this. Father expects you to be more involved in the socioeconomic affairs of the family. Which you've managed to avoid for years."

"Pssh but am I the only one though?"

Lucifer doesn't even bother answering him.

Asmodeus looks off to the side. Maybe he wasn't that involved in the more "serious" aspects that kept their family on top, but at least he went to all the important social events unlike Leviathan. That must count for something.

Though the idea of Leviathan getting married was definitely something he couldn't see happening any time soon. It might overload him. Only recently did his older brother start showing his face in public consistently….and it would be nice to see Levi fall in love naturally one day. Maybe he could convince him to go out on the town with him… Baby steps, baby steps.

Mammon was already married (surprisingly). Which much to his dismay, really cut a lot into their nights out. Though he would never admit it to his face.

Lucifer and Satan could probably avoid marriage if they wanted to, considering all they do.

All that left was Beelzebub and Belphegor. Shoveling off marriage to his younger siblings didn't feel right though.

Asmodeus visibly deflated. He sighs and flops down in the chair in front of Lucifer's desk. Even though he was doing this, he already knew it was over before it even began. It didn't stop him though. In fact, he had complained to Lucifer the day before.

And the day before that.

He'd cried to Satan and even bothered Mammon, who gave him terrible marriage "advice" that he made sure to tune out.

But it wasn't like him to not be at least a little persistent and complain when things weren't going his way!

And this was something worth complaining about. Him getting married? There's certain things marriage entailed right? Wouldn't he be expected to stop with his current lifestyle? Partying and playing around? Sharing his beautiful existence with the world? It just wasn't right!

He wouldn't do it, especially for a stranger.

Asmodeus crosses his arms. "….Are you sure I can't get out of this?"

"Asmo for the love of God. Father was serious about getting in this family's good graces, and this is a sure-fire way to do so. As you said so humbly, out of everyone here you're the most practical choice. And even if one of your brothers were picked instead, who says it won't be you the next time?"

Asmodeus's frown deepens. If he wanted to continue living such a comfortable life, he couldn't really just go against Father either. Even if he was okay with giving it all up, it was too scary.

"Meet them first. Now can you go find someone else to whine to. I'm busy."

Guess that was the end if the today's discussion.

[honeyhangukeo]

Intransitive verbs - when a verb is used alone without the need for an object. A whole sentence with valid meaning can be made and understood with an intransitive verb. Example in English:

'I eat.' is transitive - I eat what? A noun needs to be used to complete the sentence. The action of eating needs to be enacted upon a food.

'I dance.' is intransitive - doesn't need a noun. You can't dance something.

In Korean these are not considered intransitive verbs (that's something different) but instead get translated as a verb plus a corresponding noun come as a two part package to create a phrase. In English, 'to dance' in Korean is literally 'to dance a dance':

춤을 추다 - to dance a dance

춤 (noun - a dance), and the object marker ~을/를 is put after it because the noun is being acted upon by 추다 (verb - to dance). You will often see it without the object marker because its obvious of the meaning.

춤을 추는 것을 좋아해. - I like to dance.

same grammar applies to these:

잠을 자다 - to sleep a sleep

어젯밤에 잠을 못 잤어. - I couldn't sleep last night.

꿈을 꾸다 - to dream a dream

무서운 꿈을 꿨어. - I dreamt a scary dream.

[suzakucastle]

Pronunciation Guide for Fighting Games

A lot of people tend to say words and names wrong. For those who care, this guide should help with proper pronunciation. In particular, what syllables are stressed, proper spelling, and so on. This'll help you not look and sound like ignorant gaijin (gai-jeen) when talking to Asian players.

Again, if this doesn't bother you (and I acknowledge that for the vast majority of the FGC it doesn't), feel free to ignore this guide. Just don't get on everyone else's case, please. Also, don't use this guide to act smug towards your peers.

In short, this is to help people who want to be helped. That's all. Please understand. If there are any mistakes, let me know.

Note: Unfortunately, Mortal Kombat will be ignored for this guide, as saying Japanese words wrong is a franchise tradition, so it'd be a lost cause even trying. If you see any familiar words from that series, just bear in mind the proper pronunciation for everywhere else.

Letters/syllables in bold are sounds to be stressed when saying that word or name, if necessary.

Ryu = Rh-Yoo (See Shoryuken below)

Hadoken = Ha-Dou-Keh-N

Shoryuken = Sho-Rh-Yoo-Keh-N

Tatsumaki Senpukyaku = Tah-Tsu-Mah-Ki Se-N-Poo-Kh-Yah-Koo

Jin = Jeen

Bushinryu = Bu-Shee-N-Rh-Yoo

Kazuya = Kah-Zoo-Ya

Mishima = Mee-Shee-Mah

Kazama = Kah-Zah-Mah

Iori = Eee-Oh-Ree

Sakura = Sah-Kuu-Rah

Akuma = Ah-Kuu-Mah

Gouki = Goh-Uu-Kee

Kasumi = Kah-Suu-Mee

Raiden = Rah-Ee-Deh-N

Ryo = Rh-Yoh

Heihachi = Heh-Eee-Hah-Chee

Jun = Juu-N

Akira = Ah-Kee-Rah

Fujin = Fuu-Jee-N

Ayame = Ah-Yah-Meh

Mugen = Moo-Geh-N

Tenshin = Teh-N-Shee-N

Zangief = Zah-N-Gee-Eh-Voo

Yuri = Yoo-Ree

Chun-Li = Choo-N-Lee

Chizuru = Chee-Zuu-Ruu

Sasuke = Sah-Suu-Keh

Denjin = Deh-N-Jee-N

Shin = Sh-Ee-N

Kyo = Kh-Yoh

Shippu = Shee-Puu

Bounge = Poh-N-Geh

Koehan = Koh-Ah-N

Kaphwan =

Hwoarang = Wah-Rah-N

Raijin = Rah-Eee-Jee-N

Karaoke = Kah-Rah-Oh-Keh

Kazuma = Kah-Zoo-Mah

Kiryu = Kee-Ree-Yoo

Hayate = Hah-Yah-Teh

Shiranui = Shee-Rah-Noo-Eee

Yashiro = Yah-Shee-Roh

Shun = Shh-Uhh-N

Goku = Goh-Kuu

Satsu = Sah-Tsu

Ansatsuken = Ah-N-Sah-Tsu-Keh-N

Asura = Ah-Soo-Rah

Senku = Se-N-Kuu

Naruto = Nah-Ruu-Toh

Boruto = Boh-Ruu-Toh

Kaioken = Kah-Eee-Oh-Keh-N

Kikosho = Kee-Koh-U-Sho

Kyokugen = Kh-Yo-Kuu-Geh-N

Gouken = Goh-U-Keh-N

Saikyo = Sah-Eee-Kh-Yoh

Hibiki = Hee-Bee-Kee

Takane = Tah-Kah-Ne

Sento = Seh-N-Toh

Yakuza = Yah-Kuu-Zah

Sagat = Sah-Gah-Tt

Adon = Ah-Dah-N

Hinata = Hee-Nah-Tah

Makoto = Mah-Koh-Toh

Ibuki = Eee-Buu-Kee

Kolin = Koh-Lee-Eh-N

Messatsu = Meh-Sah-Tsu

Shichisei = Shee-Chee-Seh-Eee

Tensei = Teh-N-Seh-Eee

Ranka = Rah-N-Kah

Tensho = Teh-N-Sho

Senretsu = Seh-N-Reh-Tsu

Asuka = Ah-Soo-Kah

Tekken = Teh-Keh-N

Izuna = Eee-Zoo-Nah

Otoshi = Oh-Toh-Shee

Pokémon = Poh-Keh-Mo-N

Pokkén = Poh-Keh-N

Ayane = Ah-Yah-Neh

Ryoko = Rh-Yoh-Koh

Hattori = Hah-Toh-Ree

Haohmaru = Hah-Oh-Mah-Ruu

Mitsurugi = Mee-Tsu-Ruu-Gee

Nakoruru = Nah-Koh-Ruu-Ruu

Yagami = Yah-Gah-Mee

Daidoji = Dah-Eee-Doh-U-Jee

Hinoka = Hee-Noh-Kah

Karin = Kah-Ree-N

Kanzuki = Kah-N-Zuu-Kee

Konoha = Koh-Noh-Hah

Zaibatsu = Zah-Eee-Bah-Tsu

Xiaoyu = Sha-Oh-Yoo

Mizuki = Mee-Zoo-Kee

Orochi = Oh-Roh-Chee

Karate = Kah-Rah-Teh

Shinku = Shee-N-Kuu

Jinrai = Jee-N-Rah-Eee

Guren = Guu-Reh-N

Kakashi = Kah-Kah-Shee

Sukuna = Soo-Koo-Nah

Tanjiro = Tah-N-Jee-Roh

Hitomi = Hee-Toh-Mee

Raiko = Rah-Eee-Koh

Kuruoshiki = Koo-Roo-Oh-Shee-Kee

Kagenaru = Kah-Geh-Nah-Roo

Mono = Moh-Noh

Kamehameha = Kah-Meh-Hah-Meh-Hah

Hazan = Hah-Zah-N

Kuzuryu = Koo-Zoo-Rh-Yoo

Tenma = Teh-N-Mah

Sie = Sheh

Hashogeki = Hah-Sho-Geh-Kee

Kagura = Kah-Goo-Rah

Yasakani = Yah-Sah-Kah-Nee

Kusanagi = Koo-Sah-Nah-Gee

Yamada = Yah-Mah-Dah

Suzaku = Soo-Zah-Koo

Omake = Oh-Mah-Keh

Ukemi = Ooo-Keh-Mee

Kisaragi = Kee-Sah-Rah-Gee

Shishigami = Shee-Shee-Gah-Mee

Tachibana = Tah-Chee-Bah-Nah

Kaede = Kah-Eh-Deh

Raidou = Rah-Eee-Doh-U

Jotaro = Joh-Tah-Roh

Takeda = Tah-Keh-Dah

Nobara = Noh-Bah-Rah

Honaka = Hoh-Nah-Kah

Kamikaze = Kah-Mee-Kah-Zeh

Decapre = Dee-Kah-Br

That's it for now. I'm always going to be adding to/correcting this guide, so please check back for updates. Again, feel free to correct me if I've made any mistakes. Just don't be a prick about it, please.

~R

[myungnyangz]

one of my past coworkers genuinely used to believe i was a witch before we got to know each other

[seiji-langs]

every time i think i came up w something good for my conlangs grammar i realize i just took it from a lang i speak

[tardis--dreams]

I just read a bunch of abstracts for articles in portuguese because no english was available and i feel very powerful now

[haitham-simp]

when you love learning languages but you are too scared to talk to people 😭😭😭

[cosmojjong]

crazy to me how i perceive my korean vs how others perceive it

[dreamer-hangugeo]

𝐊𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐧 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫: V-아/어다가 ✏️𝐔𝐬𝐚𝐠𝐞 This expression indicates that the action in the following clause is done based on the result of first completing the action in the preceding clause. Moreover, it also indicates that the speaker performed the second action in a different location than that of the first action. The shortened form  V-아/어다 can also be used. E.g. 어제 시장에서 만두를 사다가 먹었습니다. (Yesterday I bought dumplings at the market and then ate them.) → Since V-아/어다 is used, the listener understands that the place where the dumplings were bought and the place where they were eaten is different even if they are not mentioned. ✏️ 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞 (1) The subject of the preceding and following clause must be the same. E.g. 나는 책을 빌려다가 오빠가 집에서 그 책을 읽을 거예요. (X) (I borrow a book and my brother will read it at home.) → 나는 책을 빌려다가 (나는) 집에서 읽을 거예요. (O) (I borrow a book and (I) will read it at home.) (2) Verb attached to V-아/어다 cannot be used in past tense or future tense. E.g. 남은 으시을 포장했다가 집에서 퍽었어요. (x). 남은음식을 포장하겠다가 집에서 먹었어요.(X). → 남은 음식을 포장해다가 집에서 먹었어요. (o) (I packed the leftovers and ate them at home.) (3) Comparison between아/어다 주다 and -아/아 주다 V 아/어다 주다 can be used to make a request to someone. V 아/어다 주다 is the combination of 아/어다가 + 주다 (to give). It means doing something and then giving it (to the speaker). Therefore, it has a different meaning compared with V 아/아 주다. E.g. 커피를 사다 주세요. (Please buy coffee and bring it back to me- the speaker intends to pay money.) 커피를 사 주세요. (Please buy coffee for me – the speaker requests a favor.) ✏️ 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐣𝐮𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 Attach -아/어다가 to the root of a verb in the present tense. E.g. 사다 → 사다가 (buy and then…) 먹다 → 먹어다가 (eat and then…) 공부하다 → 공부해다가 (study and then…) ✏️ 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬 1. 은행에 가요? - 네, 돈을 좀 찾아다가 하숙비를 내려고 해요. (Are you going to the bank? - Yeah, I plan to withdraw some money and then pay for my lodging room.) 2. 그 회사는 무역 회사지요? - 네, 해외에서 물건을 수입해다가 국내에서 팔아요. Is that company about trading? - Yes, it imported goods from overseas and then sells domestically. 3. 민아야, 주방에서 접시 좀 가져다 줄래? (Mina, can you take a disk in the kitchen and bring it to me?) 4. 지수 씨는 김밥을 만들어다가 친구에게 줬어요. (Jisoo made kimbap and gave it to her friends.) 5. 저녁에 피자과 지킨을 시켜다가 집에서 먹을까요? (How about we order pizza and chicken and eat at home in the evening?) #한국어문법 #KoreanGrammar #LearnKorean #studywithme

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[dosoguan]

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[allinllachuteruteru]

Duolingo is NOT what it used to be.

“Duolingo is ‘sunsetting the development of the Welsh course’ (and many others)”.

I’ve used Duolingo since 2013. It used to be about genuinely learning languages and preserving endangered ones. It used to have a vibrant community and forum where users were listened to. It used to have volunteers that dedicated countless hours and even years to making the best courses they could while also trying to explain extremely nuanced and complex grammar in simple terms.

In the past two years it feels like Von Ahn let the money talk instead of focusing on the original goal.

No one truly had a humongous problem with the subscription tier for SuperDuolingo. We understood it: if you can afford to pay, help keep Duolingo free for those who couldn’t.

It started when the company went public. Volunteers were leaving courses they created because they warned of differing longterm goals compared to Duolingo’s as a company; not long after it was announced that the incubator (how volunteers were able to make courses in the first place) would be shut down. A year goes by and the forums—the voice of the users and the way people were able to share tips and explanations—is discontinued. A year or two later, Duolingo gets a completely new makeover—the Tree is gone and you don’t control what lesson you start with. With the disappearance of the Tree, all grammar notes and explanations for courses not in the Big 8 (consisting of the courses made before the incubator like Spanish/French/German/etc. and of the most popular courses like Japanese/Korean/Chinese/etc.) are removed with it. Were you learning Vietnamese and have no idea how honorifics work without the grammar notes? Shit outta luck bud. Were you learning Polish and have absolutely no clue how one of the declensions newly thrown at you functions? Suck it up. In a Reddit AMA, Von Ahn claims that the new design resulted in more users utilizing the app/site. How he claims that statistic? By counting how many people log into their Duolingo account, as if an entire app renovation wouldn’t cause an uptick in numbers to even see what the fuck just happened to the courses.

Von Ahn announces next in a Reddit AMA that no more language courses will be added from what there already is available. His reasoning? No one uses the unpopular language courses — along with how Duolingo will now be doing upkeep with the courses already in place. And here I am, currently looking on the Duolingo website how there are 1.8 million active learners for Irish, 284 thousand active learners for Navajo, and even 934 thousand active learners for fucking High Valyrian. But yea, no one uses them. Not like the entire Navajo Nation population is 399k members or anything, or like 1.8 million people isn’t 36% of the entire population of Ireland or anything.

And now this. What happened to the upkeep of current courses? Oh, Von Ahn only meant the popular ones that already have infinite resources. Got it. Duolingo used to be a serious foundational resource for languages with little resources while also adding the relief of gamification.

It pisses me off. It really does. This was not what Duolingo started out as. And yea, maybe I shouldn’t get invested in a dingy little app. But as someone who spent most of her adolescence immersed in language learning to the point where it was literally keeping me alive at one point, to the point where languages felt like my only friend as a tween, and to the point where friendships on the Duolingo forums with likeminded individuals my age and other enthusiasts who even sent me books in other languages for free because they wanted people to learn it, the evolution of Duolingo hits a bitter nerve within me.

~End rant.

[writers-potion]

Writing Character Accents in Fiction

Hey there, thanks for the question! I speak English as a second language; most English speakers I encounter aren’t native (yes, including fictional people); thus, this is a concern I’ve explored personally when I write. 

I think the core principle regarding accent writing is this: it shouldn’t be distracting. 

For the same reasons why Stephen King prescribes the basic dialogue tag “said” rather than fancier alternatives like “whispered”, “shouted” or “screeched”, dialogue must be first and foremost easy to read. It must flow like a real conversation – the pace and tone are a lot more important than how specific words are being pronounced by the character. 

Focus on what effect the accent has:

Using adjectives to describe their voice in general. Different types of English (American, British, Australian, etc.) will give off a different vibe, also partly dependent on how your character speaks in general:

Lilting: Having a smooth rise and falling quality; sing-song like. Welsh accent is often described as singing. 

Posh: from a high social class. This is the term generally used to describe the upper-class British accent.

Nasal: this happens when the sound goes through somebody’s nose when they’re speaking. North American accents are more nasal than, say, British pronunciations. 

Brash: harsh, loud, indicative of sounding a little rude. 

Slur: speaking indistinctly; words merging into one another.

Using metaphors.

Her voice was cotton and fluffy clouds. 

When he spoke, the ‘r’s scratched the insides of his throat. 

Mentioning their accent with a brief example(s). 

“Would you like to drink some wine?” she said, though her Indian accent gave extra vibration to her ‘w’s and ‘r’s, making the words sound more like ‘vould you like to drrrink some vine’.

“I want some chocolate.” His syllables were choppy and ‘l’s rather flat, saying ‘cho-ko-lit’. 

Some Tips:

Don’t phonically spell out everything. Perhaps give a few examples in the beginning, but stick to standard English spellings. 

Pay attention to word choice, slang, and colloquialisms. 

An Australian person would say “tram”, not “trolley; “runners” instead of “sneakers”

A Canadian may refer to a “fire hall” – what Americans call a firehouse or fire station

If your character comes from a non-Enligsh background:

Use vocabulary from other languages. 

“What time was the exam, ah? Two o’clock? Jiayou!” → putting “ah” or “la” at the end of sentences + Jiayou means “break a leg” in Singlish. 

“I can’t believe that 4-year-olds have their own SNS accounts now.” → “SNS” is short for “social networking service”, a term used to refer to social media in Korea. This would a subtle difference – even though it isn’t technically Korean at all!

Transpose grammar from different languages. 

For example, in French, plural nouns take plural adjectives (whereas in English, you would speak of ‘white cars’, not ‘whites cars’).

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[blossominglovely]

I miss learning japanese :(

I think im gonna try to pick it up again soon, i think its gonna be so much fun now that i know a lot more about grammar than when i started to learn years ago

Im not gonna take any course tho, i will try to learn on my own bc id rather go at my own pace and also it feels more challenging haha, same as with korean that ive been learning lately

Im know im not gonna progress fast, but i dont mind it tbh. Like, i do wanna at least be semi fluent at some point, but i also rly enjoy the process itself, specially now that with courses from college i learned a lot about grammar and languages (rn im taking greek and latin and its soo fucking interesting, and its also helpful to figure out how to start learning a language on ur own)