#khotyn

[san-demetrio-corone]

Khotyn fortress: first half of the 20th century and today

[sonyaheaneyauthor]

Khotyn Fortress, Ukraine. December 2014.

[wgm-beautiful-world]

Khotyn Fortress, UKRAINE

[mishalogic]

A land of stunning beauty and gentleness ... Khotyn castle Ukraine

[marykk1990]

My next post in support of Ukraine is:

Next site, are some awesome castles in Ukraine. 1, Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle. 2, Khotyn Fortress. 3, Palanok Castle. 4, Zbarazh Castle. Ukraine has over 5000 Castles/Fortifications scattered throughout the country. Talk about history!

#StandWithUkraine

#СлаваУкраїні 🇺🇦🌻

Here's a pic of Volodymyr Zelenskyy & Olena Zelenska. I really love this pic. It's from the D-Day Memorial. I'm sure they still had thoughts about the attacks by terrorist 🇷🇺 against Ukraine,but it was nice to see them both smiling. I hope that all Ukrainians can smile again soon.

[ars-polonia]

Stanisław Kaczor Batowski, Atak Husarii. Chocim (Hussars's charge. Chocim)

1917, oil on canvas

Notes: The painting depicts 1621 Battle of Chocim /Khotyn. Forces of Rzeczpospolita (Polish, Lithuanian, and Ruthenian [Ukrainian] Cossacs) countered and delayed the invasion of Ottoman Empire. Hussars were the elite cavalry, the pride of Rzeczpospolita, known for their battle prowess and characteristic uniforms with wings (but it's disputable if the wings were really worn in battles)

[flagellant]

would it be okay if i, as a Feminist, had once fought in the Battle of Khotyn as a winged hussar

[canberramaidan]

Khotyn Fortress, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine.

[itsloriel]

by Олена

Хотин / Khotyn Fortress, Ukraine

[etnosvit]

ХОТИНСЬКА ФОРТЕЦЯ / Khotyn fortress, Ukraine

[san-demetrio-corone]

Khotyn Fortress, fortification complex located on the right bank of the Dniester River in Khotyn, Chernivtsi Oblast, Built between 1375 and 1460s. It is one of the "Seven Wonders of Ukraine".

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 11.11 (before 1920)

308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor emeritus Diocletian confers with Galerius, Augustus of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the Tetrarchy. 1028 – Constantine VIII dies, ending his uninterrupted reign as emperor or co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire of 66 years. 1100 – Henry I of England marries Matilda of Scotland, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and a direct descendant of the Saxon king Edmund Ironside; Matilda is crowned on the same day. 1215 – The Fourth Council of the Lateran meets, defining the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are, by that doctrine, said to transform into the body and blood of Christ. 1500 – Treaty of Granada: Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them. 1572 – Tycho Brahe observes the supernova SN 1572. 1620 – The Mayflower Compact is signed in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod. 1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery. 1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski defeat the Ottoman army. In this battle, rockets made by Kazimierz Siemienowicz are successfully used. 1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrates integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of y = ƒ(x). 1724 – Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London. 1750 – Riots break out in Lhasa after the murder of the Tibetan regent. 1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college fraternity. 1778 – Cherry Valley massacre: Loyalists and Seneca Indian forces attack a fort and village in eastern New York during the American Revolutionary War, killing more than forty civilians and soldiers. 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein: Eight thousand French troops attempt to slow the retreat of a vastly superior Russian and Austrian force. 1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm: British and Canadian forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign. 1831 – In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising. 1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia. 1855 – A powerful earthquake occurs in Edo, Japan, causing considerable damage in the Kantō region from the shaking and subsequent fires. It had a death toll of 7,000–10,000 people and destroyed around 14,000 buildings. 1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed whereby Bhutan cedes the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company. 1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations. 1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol. 1887 – Four convicted anarchists were executed as a result of the Haymarket affair. 1889 – The State of Washington is admitted as the 42nd state of the United States. 1911 – Many cities in the Midwestern United States break their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through. 1918 – World War I: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car in the forest of Compiègne. 1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military power in Poland – symbolic first day of Polish independence. 1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes power. 1919 – The Industrial Workers of the World attack an Armistice Day parade in Centralia, Washington, ultimately resulting in the deaths of five people. 1919 – Latvian forces defeat the West Russian Volunteer Army at Riga in the Latvian War of Independence.

[delectablywaywardbeard-blog]

Kiev, russi giustiziano i civili nella regione di Sumy

“Questa mattina, un gruppo russo di ricognizione e sabotaggio ha giustiziato persone della comunità di Khotyn: due civili, un fratello e una sorella, che vivevano nel villaggio di Andriivka, vicino a Bakhmut, sono stati uccisi”, ha raccontato il capo militare della regione nord-orientale di Sumy Volodymyr Artyukh, sottolineando che il villaggio preso di mira dalle truppe russe, si trova in una…

[history-today]

On This Day In History

dailyhistoryposts: November 11th, 1673: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth defeats the Ottoman Army in the Second Battle of Khotyn, successfully using rockets in battle.

[marykk1990]

My next post in support of Ukraine is:

Next site, are some Ukrainian castles this evening. 1, Khotyn Fortress, Chernivtsi Oblast. 2, Palanok Castle, Zakarpattia Oblast. 3, Olesko Castle, Lviv Oblast. 4, Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle, Khmelnytskyi Oblast.

#StandWithUkraine

#СлаваУкраїні 🇺🇦🌻

And here is another pic of Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Olena Zelenska from much happier times. I'm a few days late, but I hope they were able to have at least a little bit of a wedding anniversary celebration on September 6th. They have been married since 2003.

[cyberbenb]

9 famous castles of Ukraine — witnesses of noble past

Castles are among the most interesting historical monuments in Ukraine. According to researchers, there were more than 5,000 fortifications in Ukraine, but most of them are gone today. To date, 116 Ukrainian strongholds have fully or partially survived. 

Though inanimate and silent, having belonged to different state territories and nations in the past, these castles still tell their stories as witnesses of crucial events in European and Ukrainian history. Now they constitute Ukrainian heritage to be cherished and preserved. In this publication, we would like to tell you about the nine most famous castles in Ukraine.

Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress

The first wooden fortification in Kamianets refers to the 11th century, later rebuilt in stone. In the 14th century, it acquired a contemporary look. Only twice in its history, the fortress has been conquered: in 1393 by Lithuanian Prince Vytautas and in 1672 by a large Turkish army that remained here until 1699.  Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress lost its defensive significance after the end of the Russo-Turkish War of 1812 — when the borders of the Russian Empire expanded significantly to the south. At that time, the fortress served as a prison. However, during the two world wars, it was used as a fortification again. 

Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress is well-preserved to this day. It occupies 1.5 hectares and consists of eleven towers arranged in an irregular quadrangle and connected by fortress walls. For its architectural ensemble that has no analogy in Europe, Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site Tentative List.

 Khotyn Fortress

The first reliable fortifications, in the form of a rampart with wooden barriers and a moat dug across the rocky cape, appeared in Khotyn at the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries.  After annexing this territory to Rus, Kyivan Prince Volodymyr the Great started building new fortresses as centers of princely power and places of residence for governors. 

In 1621, Khotyn witnessed the war between the Ottoman Empire and Poland, in which the Ukrainian Cossacks played a crucial role. The victory at Khotyn saved Western Europe from the Turkish invasion.

Khotyn Fortress has survived to this day in an authentic state. Today, it is a state historical and architectural reserve. Knight Tournaments “Battle of Nations” are often held here, and historical films are shot.

Akkerman Fortress

Akkerman Fortress, or White Fortress, is a unique monument of fortification architecture of the 13th-15th centuries.

The fortress was under Turkish rule for more than 300 years. In 1789, Akerman came under the control of Russian troops and gradually lost its military and defense function. The historically formed planning and spatial structure have mostly been preserved to modern days. Since the early 20th century, restoration work has been carried out here to adapt this historical and architectural complex for cultural and tourist purposes.

 Mukachevo Palanok Castle

Mukachevo Palanok Castle was built on the crossroads of ancient trade and military routes at the end of the 13th century. It served as a stronghold for the northeastern part of the Hungarian Kingdom and Austrian Empire. Overcoming sieges and wars, Palanok Castle is one of only five fortresses in Europe that have never been seized by a storming attack. The castle consists of 130 different rooms with a complex system of underground passages connecting them. Currently, it houses a museum dedicated to the history of Mukachevo and the castle.

Olesko Castle

The 600-year-old Olesko Castle near Lviv belonged at different times to Lithuania, Poland, and Hungary and witnessed constant battles for ownership. It is the birthplace of Polish Kings — Jan III Sobeski and Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki. 

Today, it is a museum featuring collections of antique furniture and art, tapestries, ancient weapons and everyday life items from the 16th and 17th centuries. This collection is considered one of the richest treasuries of Polish art outside of Poland.

Pidhirtsi Castle

This residential castle-fortress was erected 80 km east of Lviv in the 17th century for the Polish Grand Crown Hetman Stanislaw Koniecpolski. Above the entrance gate, a marble plaque to this day bears a Latin inscription: “A crown of military labors is victory, victory is a triumph, triumph is rest.” The interior of the castle saw Polish Kings and military commanders.

During World War I, its splendor suffered devastation and looting by Russian troops. Soviet authorities opened a tuberculosis sanatorium there after World War II. Nowadays, Pidhirtsi Castle is in the register of 100 world monuments that need immediate restoration.

Svirzh Castle

Svirzh Castle was built under the patronage of the influential Svirzh family in the 15th century. Only fragments of the foundation and lower walls have survived from that heroic period. When the castle was owned by the Zetner family (second half of the 17th — early 19th centuries), the castle complex acquired a modern look, transforming from a purely defensive structure into a cozy residence.

The owners cherished and persistently revived their estate from the ruins during the Cossack wars and the Polish-Turkish confrontation and saved it from vandalism by Russian troops. The last of the noble family, Ignacy Zetner, created a magical park around the castle. During World War I, the Svirzh Castle became the center of active hostilities, and as a result, it stood in ruins for more than 30 years. The restoration of the castle began only in 1975. Now, Svirzh Castle is reopened for tours. It is planned to create a cultural and artistic center here.

 Lutsk Castle

Lutsk Castle, also known as the Castle of Lubart, was founded in 1340 when Lithuanian Prince Lubart ordered the construction of stone walls instead of wooden ones that had existed since 1000. In 1366, the city of Lutsk was captured by Polish troops, and since then, Lutsk has become both the permanent residence of the prince and the capital of the principality.

The reliability of the fortress was well-known in European countries, so it is not surprising that it was here, in the Upper Castle in Lutsk, that the Congress of Monarchs was held in 1429 — 15,000 people came to Lutsk to discuss the most burning political and economic issues of the time. 

Lubart’s Castle withstood numerous assaults and sieges, but over time, the lack of financing to maintain the castle caused the defensive structure to decay. It lost its fortification function and served only to house the administration and courts.

Now, Lutsk Castle is a symbol of the city, attracting visitors to various festivals and cultural events. The Entrance Tower of Lutsk Castle is depicted on the 200 UAH bill.

Uzhhorod Fortress

The foundation of the castle in Uzhhorod dates back to the 9th century and is associated with the legendary Hungarian Prince Laborets. In the 10th century, the territory of the citadel was conquered by the Hungarians, who began to build a new structure. In the early 14th century, King Charles Robert granted the castle to the Italian family of Drugeti. The Drugeti counts owned the palace for almost four centuries. They invited Italian craftsmen to rebuild the castle — strong fortification walls were erected, and the complex acquired a Renaissance style. From the end of the 17th century, Uzhhorod Castle passed into the hands of Hungarian count Miklós Bercsenyi, who, together with his wife, turned it into a pompous count’s residence, the center of the cultural and political life of the region. In the middle of the 18th century, the palace housed a theological seminary until the arrival of Soviet troops in the 1940-s.

From 1947 till nowadays, the castle has been a local history museum that contains the largest collection of bronze treasures and Celtic antiquities in Ukraine, a numismatic collection, rare manuscripts and printed books, embroidered shirts, folk clothes, and folk musical instruments of Transcarpathia, cold steel and firearms of the 16th-20th centuries.

  Text: Liubov Pikulia Design: Vladyslav Rybalko