#khilafat

[postcard-from-the-past]

Muslims assembling for flight to Kabul during the Khilafat Movement around 1920 in Peshawar, Pakistan

British vintage postcard

[zainab123]

اب جبکہ پہلے بیان کئے گئے حوالہ جات سے یہ بات واضح ہو گئی کہ حضرت علی کرم اللہ وجہہ تودراصل حضرت عثمان غنیؓ کی مدد میں پیش پیش تھے تو یہ سمجھنا بھی ضروری ہے کہ حضرت علیؓ پر الزام لگایا کس نے اور کیوں لگایا اور کب اس الزام کی بنیاد رکھی گئی؟

(۱)  حضرت علی کرم اللہ وجہہ کے سمجھانے پر باغی واپس تو چلے گئے لیکن باغیوں کے حضرت عثمانؓ پر اٹھائے گئے اعتراضات کا کچھ اثر مدینہ کے لوگوں پر بھی ہوا اور وہ بھی شکوک و شبہات کا شکار ہونے لگے۔ حضرت علی کرم اللہ وجہہ جہاندیدہ صحابی تھے اس لیے انہوں نے حضرت عثمان غنی رضی اللہ عنہٗ سے عرض کی کہ اگر آپ تمام مسلمانوں کو جمع کر کے خطبہ دیں اور ان کے شکوک و شبہات دور کر دیں تو مدینہ میں فضا پرسکون ہو جائے گی. مکمل مضمون پڑھنے کے لیے نیچے دیے گئے لنک پر کلک کریں:

[fatehbaz]

The use of English shorthand and typewriters expanded towards the end of the 19th century in clerical work in the major cities of the subcontinent. The use of shorthand in Indian languages, however, developed not in the context of office work but to meet the requirements of the new public sphere, particularly the quick notation of public speeches for reporting in newspapers. This led to the invention of new speed scripts, atitvarene lihiṇyāchī paddhatī (very speedy writing) or laghulekhan (shorthand) in Marathi, which relied heavily on Pitman and Munson’s English shorthand. Arguably the first use was in 1874 by RB Gunjikar [...]. Gajananbhau Vaijya, an English shorthand writer and reporter with the Indian Statesman, invented another speed script expressly for the quick notation of speeches [...]. Notably, Indian-language shorthand remained in the sphere of handwriting, as typewriters for non-Latin scripts did not become widespread in the subcontinent until the mid 20th century. [...]

[I]t is actually Bhujangrao Mankar, inventor of a third shorthand script with the book Laghulekhankalā (1897), who announced himself on the title page as the creator of Marathi and Gujarati shorthand. Mankar was a well-known English shorthand reporter for the press and the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) in Bombay for all manner of political meetings in the early 20th century. [...]

---

As Bernard Bate noted, Tamil shorthand came into its own when the colonial government attempted to acquire written transcripts of possibly seditious speeches during the Swadeshi movement.

In Bombay, too, shorthand found widespread application in CID surveillance with the growth in nationalist meetings and activity in the 1920s. Sub-inspectors could learn Marathi shorthand as an optional subject in the Central Police Training School; the usual practice was to pass a test in the office and regularly test for speed.

In the trial of the Ali brothers in Karachi following the Khilafat movement, speeches by Mohamed Ali and Shaukat Ali were entered as evidence of their seditious activity.

Similarly, charges against Communist leaders SA Dange, RS Nimbkar, and others in the Meerut conspiracy case (1929–33) were also based on their public speeches.

The cross-examination of witnesses turned on the accuracy of the transcripts and the methods used to obtain them and provides a rich window into the work of memory, notation, and translation involved in producing a speedy verbatim transcript of a public speech, and the issues of legibility, authenticity, and transparency that linked scribe, script, and language to state surveillance.

---

Police reporters usually translated the shorthand transcripts of speeches in various languages into English longhand as soon as possible. In Karachi the Ali brothers’ Urdu speeches were recorded in Urdu shorthand. In Belgaum in June 1921, however, sub-inspectors of the Pune CID took down their Urdu and English speeches in Marathi shorthand. During a meeting in Bagalkot, also in northern Karnataka, Shaukat Ali’s speech in Urdu was orally translated sentence by sentence into Kannada as he spoke [...]. There was thus much processing of sound, meaning, and sign across languages, scripts, memories, and individuals, all at high speed. [...] The inspector [...] Deshpande mentioned a critical aspect of Pitman-based shorthand writing: since the signs matched specific sounds, he did not pay much attention to the content of the speech; he just noted down the sounds as best he could, even if he didn’t know the meanings of words. Gaps between sounds and meaning, it would appear, were filled in either during transcription through memory recall or by the CID itself. [...] These practices of notation, translation, and judicial discourse grappled with a spectrum of textual reproduction of oral utterances, from gist to verbatim.

---

Text by: Prachi Deshpande. Scripts of Power: Writing, Language Practices, and Cultural History in Western India. 2023. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks/contractions added by me.]

[loverandservantoftheahlulbayt]

🍂🥀🍂 Tears For Karbala 🍂🥀🍂

🍂 Introduction 🥀

🥀 The evil seeds which lead to the tragedy of Karbala were planted years before by Muawiya's cunning, who ruled over Muslims for twenty years.

Muawiya was an evil ruler. He was the son of Abu Sufyan and Hinda who, both, were the arch enemies of the Holy Prophet (S). Muawiya and his father became Muslims when they were left no alternative but to accept Islam.

When Imam Ali (as) became Khalifa, he dismissed Muawiya and other Governors for corruption and anti-Islamic behaviour.

Soon after the death of Imam Ali (as), Muawiya, using methods of bribery and treachery, succeeded in becoming the Khalifa.

Muawiya was not interested in Islam. He only used slam for his power and glory. He broke the laws of Islam. When any saying of the Holy Prophet (S) did not suit him, he ordered it to be struck off all records. He made up hadith to favour him and his policies.

Muawiya hated Imam Ali (as) and his family. Under his Rule, Sh'ias were put to death or thrown into prisons just because they were followers of Imam Ali (as) and his family. Muawiya died in 60 A.H.

Before his death, he appointed Yazid, his son, as the next Khalifa. Yazid was even worse than his father. He was an evil ruler and openly mocked Islam. He was often drunk and sang songs which made jokes of Salaat, the Holy Prophet (S) and his family.

The difference between Yazid and his father Muawiya, was that Muawiya used Islam for his personal glory while Yazid was determined to destroy Islam.

As soon as Yazid became Khalifa, he wrote to his Governor in Medina to ask Imam Hussain (as) to do the impossible. He was asking the Imam to accept him as the Khalifa of Islam.

Imam Hussain (as) could not even consider accepting such an evil man, Yazid, who openly broke the laws of Islam and was determined to destroy Islam, as the Khalifa.

It was not a matter of pride or Hussain’s (as) right to Khilafat. Accepting Yazid as a Khalifa would mean Imam approved of his way of life and this would have meant a definite end to Islam.

How can a grandson of the Holy Prophet (S), son of Imam Ali (as) and Fatima al-Zahra (sa), allow that to happen?

It was Imam's duty to defend and save Islam. He refused to accept Yazid as a Khalifa of Islam. Yazid was full of anger and planned to have the Imam killed in Medina.

By staying in Medina, Imam Hussain (as) would have the advantage of having all his own relatives as well as the people of Medina fighting on his side.

After consultations with his family and companions, he decided to leave Medina and move to the Holy City of Mecca.

Why did he leave Medina when he had 'home advantage'?

This is because he did not want to put his friends in Medina in the danger of being killed. Secondly, although Yazid may be defeated, history would look upon the battle in Medina between Yazid and Imam Hussain (as) as a battle for Khilafat. Even if Yazid were to be killed, the injustice, oppression and un-Islamic way of life which Muawiya and Yazid promoted would not die.

Imam Hussain’s (as) promise and mission was to destroy the way of life that these two evil men had started, to destroy Islam. By staying in Medina and fighting with Yazid he would have not achieved this. This is why he decided to leave Medina.

On 28th Rajab 60 A.H., Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan left Medina with his family, his sisters, Lady Zainab (sa) and Lady Kulthoom (sa) his brother Hazrat Abbas (ra) a few other relatives and a number of faithful companions. (pbbut)

On 4th Sha’ban, Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan reached Mecca. Imam had not yet made up his mind on where to go from here. For the time being he decided to stay in Mecca at least until the month of Dhul-Hajj and to perform the duty of Hajj.

To keep the sanctity and grace of the Holy Ka’aba, the bloodshed of any human life had been prohibited by the Holy Prophet (S). But did Yazid care about the Holy Prophet's (S) sayings?

While in Mecca, Imam Hussain (as) received many letters and messages from the people of Kufa persuading him to go to Kufa.

Imam Hussain (as) decided to send Hazrat Muslim Ibn Aqeel (ra), his cousin, to Kufa to study the situation there and report to Imam.

As Hazrat Muslim (ra) was preparing for the journey, Imam Hussain (as) went to him and said:

“Muslim, the whole world knows that you are one of the bravest warriors. It is just possible that seeing you in Kufa, some people may think that our intention is to fight Yazid. Take your two sons, Mohamed and Ibrahim (pbbut) with you. When they see you with your young children, they will know that our intentions are peaceful”.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) and his two young sons left Mecca. They arrived in Kufa towards the end of Dhul-Qaad. They were received well by the people of Kufa. Thousands of people appeared before Hazrat Muslim (ra).

They pledged their allegiance to Imam Hussain (as) as their Imam. They wanted him to teach them the contents of the Holy Quran and true sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet (S).

People of Kufa had long suffered under Muawiya and they feared even greater suffering under Yazid. They knew that the greed for power and glory of these two men was slowly destroying the true Islam.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) reported back to Imam Hussain (as) that most of the people in Kufa wanted him as their Imam to guide them and also advised him to come to Kufa.

Yazid had spies in Kufa. He heard from them, about invitation to Imam Hussain (as) and the arrival of Hazrat Muslim (ra) in Kufa.

Being an evil man, Yazid was full of anger, and he replaced the Governor of Kufa with one of his own men - Ibn Ziyad. Ibn Ziyad was told to arrest Muslim (ra) and kill him and do all that was necessary to suppress the Shi'as in Kufa.

Ibn Ziyad was a cruel and unjust man. As soon as he arrived in Kufa, he threatened the people of Kufa with death punishment if they were found to engage in any activity against Yazid. He ordered them to surrender Hazrat Muslim (ra) to him.

On 8th Dhul-Hajj, soldiers of Ibn Ziyad arrested Hazrat Muslim (ra).

He was chained and dragged to the Court of Ibn Ziyad. He then ordered Hazrat Muslim (ra) to be taken to the roof of the palace to be killed, and his body thrown to the ground.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) was dragged up the steps. He was killed and his body was thrown to the ground.

Hazrat Muslim's (ra) head was cut off and hung on the City gate to remind and scare the people of Kufa.

Hazrat Muslim's (ra) two sons, Muhammad and Ibrahim (pbbut), were also arrested and killed mercilessly.

In the meantime, Imam Hussain (as) and his companions in Mecca were preparing to perform the duty of Hajj when his friends in Mecca informed him that Yazid's men were planning to have him and his followers murdered during the Hajj.

Imam Hussain (as) did not wish the House of Allah to be turned into a battlefield. Therefore, he decided to leave Mecca without performing Hajj.

On 8th Dhul-Hajj, the very day on which Hazrat Muslim (ra) was murdered in Kufa, Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan left Mecca. Imam Hussain (as) did not know of Hazrat Muslim's (ra) death.

The journey was made on camels and horses. The weather was extremely hot at that time of year. The Imam, his children, ladies and friends (pbbut) suffered great hardship during the journey.

During the journey, Imam learned of the death of Hazrat Muslim (ra) and the cruel way in which he had been killed.

When Yazid came to know that Imam Hussain (as) was heading towards Kufa, he immediately sent Hurr, at the time one of his army commanders to stop the Imam from joining his followers in Kufa.

Hurr, with 1,000 horsemen, met Imam Hussain (as) and his companions at a place a few miles outside Kufa. Hurr and his men forced the Imam to take the road to Karbala which was situated on the banks of the River Euphrates (River Furaat).

Imam Hussain (as) could have fought Hurr and his soldiers and forced his way into Kufa, but it was not Imam Hussain’s (as) intention to start any battle.

On 2nd Muharram, 61 A.H., the Imam, his family and his faithful companions arrived in Karbala. Yazid's armies had already arrived in the area long before the Imam's arrival. It was a huge army consisting of thousands of soldiers.

By the 7th of Muharram, Yazid's army had increased further in number. Now there were 20,000 of Yazid's soldiers surrounding Imam Hussain’s (as) 72 men from all comers. They were scattered over miles on the sands of the river bank.

On the 7th of Muharram, Yazid's soldiers were told to guard the bank of the River Euphrates so that Imam Hussain (as), his family and companions (pbbut) could not take any water.

Heat was intense in the desert and hot winds blew all day. Imam's family and friends (pbbut) suffered without water and food for three days.

On the 10th of Muharram, 61 A.H., the battle took place. One-by-one all the Imam's men were martyred except our 4th Imam Zaynal al-Abideen (as) who was very ill at that time and could not take part in the battle.

After the battle was over, Yazid's soldiers set fire to the Imam's tents and looted the camp. They even took the veils away from the Holy ladies. They beat the children and took away all their belongings. They snatched and pulled away Bibi Sakina's (sa) earrings and let her little ears bleed for a long, long time.

The Shi'as hold a majlis every day for the twelve days of Muharram. We remember, cry and do matam for the brave martyrs of Karbala.

The story of a brave martyr of Karbala. is recited on each day of the twelve days.

Thanks to Imam Hussain (as), his family and his faithful friends (pbbut). Their great sacrifice in Karbala, saved Islam, our great religion.

.

[greatestlordaboveall]

Khilafat is coming

[khilafatmovement444]

Khilafat Cola – A vision of Muslim unity and a call to Boycott Israeli Products

Khilafat Cola has developed as more than a new beverage on the market; it is a mission-driven brand with a strong message. Khilafat Cola, founded on Islamic beliefs and integrity of Muslims, is both a symbol of Muslim solidarity and a call to boycott Israeli products. Saad Nazir's initiative, launched as part of the Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement (TPM), aims to give a superior, locally created alternative to foreign cola brands while encouraging economic empowerment of Ummah. This article delves into Khilafat Cola's history, leadership, corporate profile, and market position, focussing on its effect and future ambition.

Khilafat Cola History: A Movement with a Purpose.

Launched by Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement. Khilafat Cola was founded out of a desire to offer the Muslim Ummah a high-quality alternative to foreign beverage behemoths, many of which dominate global markets. The history of Khilafat Cola is inextricably linked to the mission of the Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement (TPM), which seeks to re-establish the Khilafat model based on Quran and Sunnah. Khilafat Cola represents not only the resurrection of ancient values, but also a protest against economic and cultural supremacy, asking for a boycott of Israeli products.

Saad Nazir, the owner of Khilafat Cola

Saad Nazir, Chairman Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement, is the visionary behind Khilafat Cola. As the owner of Khilafat Cola, Saad Nazir is committed to fostering economic freedom of Muslims. He has achieved international recognition not just as a great businessman, but also as the sole bidder for PIA privatisation. His leadership goes beyond business; it seeks to build an ecosystem that fosters Muslim unity while reducing reliance on foreign and Israeli products. As Chairman of the Blue Group of Companies and Blue World City, Saad Nazir has utilised his platform to support initiatives such as Khilafat Cola, which accord with his vision of a unified Muslim economy.

Khilafat Cola Company Profile

The Khilafat Cola Company Profile revolves around its aim of empowering the Muslim Ummah via quality, integrity, and unity. Khilafat Cola, which operates under the Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement, is dedicated to providing great beverages that compete with overseas competition. By using local resources and adhering to strict quality requirements, Khilafat Cola demonstrates its dedication to delivering a dependable, superior alternative to foreign and Israeli brands.

Khilafat Cola Company Profile

Mission: Revival of Khilafat In Ummah through unity and economic empowerment of Muslims Values include integrity of Muslims, economic empowerment, Islamic principles of entrepreneurship Leadership: Saad Nazir, the owner of Khilafat Cola and Chairman of the Blue Group of Companies and Blue World City.

The parent organisation is the Takmeel-e-Pakistan Movement.

Khilafat Cola Prices in Pakistan

The Khilafat Cola Price in Pakistan is deliberately designed to be competitive, ensuring that Pakistani customers have access to high-quality, locally made alternatives to international beverages. Khilafat Cola seeks to reach every home by providing a premium product at affordable price, reducing reliance on imported products, particularly those from Israeli firms. The affordable prices highlight Khilafat Cola's objective to encourage economic independence and boycott Israeli products.

Khilafat Cola in Pakistan: A Symbol of Unity

Since its inception, Khilafat Cola in Pakistan has quickly become a talk of the town, becoming a symbol of integrity and unity of Ummah. The brand's devotion to Islamic principles, quality, and self-sufficiency resonates powerfully with consumers who desire to support local companies and participate in boycotts.

Khilafat Cola is more than simply a drink; it is a campaign to support Islamic ideals, encourage Muslim solidarity, and boycott Israeli goods. Customers who support Khilafat Cola join a broader effort to empower the Muslim Ummah economically and promote self-sufficiency. Khilafat Cola, led by Saad Nazir and launched by Takmeel-e-Pakistan movement, is a living example of the idea of a successful and cohesive Muslim society.

Through its background, goals, and influence, Khilafat Cola is a living example of the resilience of group efforts and religiously motivated commercial ventures. A stronger, more independent Muslim Ummah, motivated by principles, solidarity, and a boycott pledge, is achieved with each sip

[lonemasroorul]

Fear from accepting Islam

Non Muslims are using their all sources to abandon Muslims from practicing their religion. They kill, starve, and implement ruthless policies to oppose Islamic laws otherwise they will lose their Money and Power, hence are not retreating from genocide. They fear about the lose of money which they earned by riba, film industries will be closed as these spread Obscenity and Vulgarity. Capitalism will be replaced by khilafat where every ruling is made based on Sharia (religion). Tyrant rulers will be thrown away with Just and truthful ones.

[kutubistan]

Jihad-o-Qital Aur Khilafat Pdf Urdu Book Free download http://dlvr.it/TCP4Zh

[kimskashmir]

Khaleda Zia concerned about violence, vandalism and looting of state resources

DHAKA — Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) leaders said that Khaleda Zia has been concerned about the nationwide violence, vandalism, and looting of state resources amid the anti-discrimination student protest, Dhaka Tribune reported. During a meeting with Maulana Mamunul Haque, secretary general of Bangladesh Khilafat Majlis, at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka, she said, “Our state’s resources are…

[lyricsssdotin]

Aafat Waapas Lyrics

Singer:NaezyAlbum:Naezy Apun phir se aa gyereleAhaa!Tumlog ko to maloom hi hai naKya bol reli hai public?Paida huaa pala bada hateli ilaake meinPitaji ke patte khayaPateli ke laafe diyaHarkate khurafaatiSab log khilafi thheMatlab koi nafrat nahiHum log khilafat the Yaaron ko thi aapattiBambai number 70Ek khurd ek naamNaezy the baaEk dude ek kaam representMera jee bechainMere jaise kaunTere…

[zainab123]

تاریخِ اسلام میں سب سے زیادہ غلط روایات اور واقعات جن ادوار کے متعلق ملتے ہیں وہ حضرت عثمان رضی اللہ عنہٗ کا آخری دور، حضرت علی رضی اللہ عنہٗ کا دورِخلافت اور واقعۂ کربلا ہے۔ بہت سے واقعات ایسے ہیں کہ اگر انسان اُن پر یقین کر بیٹھے تو ایمان سے ہاتھ دھو بیٹھے گا۔ وجہ یہ ہے کہ اس دورمیں سازشیوں نے پروپیگنڈا بہت زیادہ کیا تاکہ سچ کسی کو نظر نہ ��ئے کیونکہ اگر سچ نظر آ جائے تو سازشی بے نقاب ہوجاتے ہیں۔ مکمل مضمون پڑھنے کے لیے نیچے دیے گئے لنک پر کلک کریں:

http://bit.ly/3KtML8m

#sultanulashiqeen #sultan_ul_ashiqeen #mahnamasultanulfaqrlahore #markazefaqr #tehreekdawatefaqr #tdfblog #urdublog #spirituality #faqr #allah #quran #iman #momin #hadees #talibemaula #khilafat #divinelove #ishq #hazratalikaydorekhilafatkimushkilat #ishqehaqeeqi #abutarab #hazratalikaramullahwajhu #ahlebait #ramadan #perfectspiritualguide #alimaula #mohammad #fakir #muhammad #prophet

[fahadsk]

Hazrat Ali K Daur-e-Khilafat ki Mushkilat | حضرت علی کرم اللہ وجہہ کے دو...

Mahnama Sultan ul Faqr (Regd.) Lahore, Pakistan Whatsapp/ Call: +92 322 4722766 0323-5436600

Subscribe to our YouTube channel

https://youtube.com/@mahnamasultan-ul-faqr2267/

[somoyer-corridore]

those are my questions to islam. I am afraid of visiting an islamic scholar in my country because they’ll think I am against islam and they’ll humiliate me

Sahih Al-Bukhari (9:57)

Quran 66

free will in islam, all knowledgeable

women rights

Al ahzab 33:50

Al Ahzab 53

Quran 33:53

Quran 18:80

Quran 8:29

Hadith 3500, muslim

Hadith 3436, Muslim

hating jews:

Hadith 1767, muslim

Hadith 2922, Muslim

Sahih Bukhari, 3167

Jaynab wife

why any religious book doesn’t specify the medicine of cancer or cure for lot more diseases. which is important, having sex with war captive or cure for cancer?

why there is no historical evidence that before Abraham in isreal no prophet were existed. in geologist, archeologists etc. for example Noah/Nuh was the prophet before abraham, but no where in history book, archeological book or science book has the evidence of him nor the flood.

why after the Abraham all the ancient religion become fake

why there Druze exist?

why islam spread by war?

story of Maria al-Qibtiyya

why islam supports slaves? why prophet has four women slaves?

if I ever have the privilege to talk with the God THE ULTIMATE POWER, wouldn’t I ask something that solves lot of questions in humanity? what does islam solves that is not solveable by other religion?

i

why we are praying? what it benefits the god?

why does god care so much about his creation?

if Hadith’s are written after 200years of Prophet’s death at the golden age of islam. how can we ensure it is 100% preserved?

why khilafat needed by war? not by peace or love?

evolution support in Islam

if jews and christianity are believing in different prophet why we (and prophet) hated them so much?

why islam supports destroying other religious temple?

if Quran is the complete guideline for humanity and it has all political and humanitarian aspect and we can not change it. how we can evolve as a species? how new ideas will be welcomed? doesn’t it shuts down many doors?

Prayer times related to sun, where sun is not fixed for everywhere. for polar region, sun stays up for months.

Benefits of living in heaven, You’ll have 72 virgins, food, alcohol, houses build using gold and gems.

hatred for christianity and judaism because at time both have huge power around middle east

Quran copy bible

https://silawantribe.com/2017/07/10/plagiarism-in-islam/

women discrimination about testimony

———

Iron, Water evidence in Quran. which i

[rramsshaa]

We are living in an era where people fear each other more than they fear Allah , they deny Qur’an, THEY DENY THE AYAT OF QUR’AN, they deny Sahih Hadees for their interests, Zina is promoted, Biddah is the new norm, Shirk is considered convenient, traditions has more value than Islam, people neither wish nor they have any knowledge about Khilafat!

May Allah protect the pious muslims from all these fitns and make their lives easier in this world and the other!

[loverandservantoftheahlulbayt]

🍂🥀🍂 Tears For Karbala 🍂🥀🍂

🍂 Introduction 🍂

🥀 The evil seeds which lead to the tragedy of Karbala were planted years before by Muawiya's cunning, who ruled over Muslims for twenty years.

Muawiya was an evil ruler. He was the son of Abu Sufyan and Hinda who, both, were the arch enemies of the Holy Prophet (S). Muawiya and his father became Muslims when they were left no alternative but to accept Islam.

When Imam Ali (as) became Khalifa, he dismissed Muawiya and other Governors for corruption and anti-Islamic behaviour.

Soon after the death of Imam Ali (as), Muawiya, using methods of bribery and treachery, succeeded in becoming the Khalifa.

Muawiya was not interested in Islam. He only used slam for his power and glory. He broke the laws of Islam. When any saying of the Holy Prophet (S) did not suit him, he ordered it to be struck off all records. He made up hadith to favour him and his policies.

Muawiya hated Imam Ali (as) and his family. Under his Rule, Sh'ias were put to death or thrown into prisons just because they were followers of Imam Ali (as) and his family. Muawiya died in 60 A.H.

Before his death, he appointed Yazid, his son, as the next Khalifa. Yazid was even worse than his father. He was an evil ruler and openly mocked Islam. He was often drunk and sang songs which made jokes of Salaat, the Holy Prophet (S) and his family.

The difference between Yazid and his father Muawiya, was that Muawiya used Islam for his personal glory while Yazid was determined to destroy Islam.

As soon as Yazid became Khalifa, he wrote to his Governor in Medina to ask Imam Hussain (as) to do the impossible. He was asking the Imam to accept him as the Khalifa of Islam.

Imam Hussain (as) could not even consider accepting such an evil man, Yazid, who openly broke the laws of Islam and was determined to destroy Islam, as the Khalifa.

It was not a matter of pride or Hussain’s (as) right to Khilafat. Accepting Yazid as a Khalifa would mean Imam approved of his way of life and this would have meant a definite end to Islam.

How can a grandson of the Holy Prophet (S), son of Imam Ali (as) and Fatima al-Zahra (sa), allow that to happen?

It was Imam's duty to defend and save Islam. He refused to accept Yazid as a Khalifa of Islam. Yazid was full of anger and planned to have the Imam killed in Medina.

By staying in Medina, Imam Hussain (as) would have the advantage of having all his own relatives as well as the people of Medina fighting on his side.

After consultations with his family and companions, he decided to leave Medina and move to the Holy City of Mecca.

Why did he leave Medina when he had 'home advantage'?

This is because he did not want to put his friends in Medina in the danger of being killed. Secondly, although Yazid may be defeated, history would look upon the battle in Medina between Yazid and Imam Hussain (as) as a battle for Khilafat. Even if Yazid were to be killed, the injustice, oppression and un-Islamic way of life which Muawiya and Yazid promoted would not die.

Imam Hussain’s (as) promise and mission was to destroy the way of life that these two evil men had started, to destroy Islam. By staying in Medina and fighting with Yazid he would have not achieved this. This is why he decided to leave Medina.

On 28th Rajab 60 A.H., Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan left Medina with his family, his sisters, Lady Zainab (sa) and Lady Kulthoom (sa) his brother Hazrat Abbas (ra) a few other relatives and a number of faithful companions. (pbbut)

On 4th Sha’ban, Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan reached Mecca. Imam had not yet made up his mind on where to go from here. For the time being he decided to stay in Mecca at least until the month of Dhul-Hajj and to perform the duty of Hajj.

To keep the sanctity and grace of the Holy Ka’aba, the bloodshed of any human life had been prohibited by the Holy Prophet (S). But did Yazid care about the Holy Prophet's (S) sayings?

While in Mecca, Imam Hussain (as) received many letters and messages from the people of Kufa persuading him to go to Kufa.

Imam Hussain (as) decided to send Hazrat Muslim Ibn Aqeel (ra), his cousin, to Kufa to study the situation there and report to Imam.

As Hazrat Muslim (ra) was preparing for the journey, Imam Hussain (as) went to him and said:

“Muslim, the whole world knows that you are one of the bravest warriors. It is just possible that seeing you in Kufa, some people may think that our intention is to fight Yazid. Take your two sons, Mohamed and Ibrahim (pbbut) with you. When they see you with your young children, they will know that our intentions are peaceful”.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) and his two young sons left Mecca. They arrived in Kufa towards the end of Dhul-Qaad. They were received well by the people of Kufa. Thousands of people appeared before Hazrat Muslim (ra).

They pledged their allegiance to Imam Hussain (as) as their Imam. They wanted him to teach them the contents of the Holy Quran and true sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet (S).

People of Kufa had long suffered under Muawiya and they feared even greater suffering under Yazid. They knew that the greed for power and glory of these two men was slowly destroying the true Islam.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) reported back to Imam Hussain (as) that most of the people in Kufa wanted him as their Imam to guide them and also advised him to come to Kufa.

Yazid had spies in Kufa. He heard from them, about invitation to Imam Hussain (as) and the arrival of Hazrat Muslim (ra) in Kufa.

Being an evil man, Yazid was full of anger, and he replaced the Governor of Kufa with one of his own men - Ibn Ziyad. Ibn Ziyad was told to arrest Muslim (ra) and kill him and do all that was necessary to suppress the Shi'as in Kufa.

Ibn Ziyad was a cruel and unjust man. As soon as he arrived in Kufa, he threatened the people of Kufa with death punishment if they were found to engage in any activity against Yazid. He ordered them to surrender Hazrat Muslim (ra) to him.

On 8th Dhul-Hajj, soldiers of Ibn Ziyad arrested Hazrat Muslim (ra).

He was chained and dragged to the Court of Ibn Ziyad. He then ordered Hazrat Muslim (ra) to be taken to the roof of the palace to be killed, and his body thrown to the ground.

Hazrat Muslim (ra) was dragged up the steps. He was killed and his body was thrown to the ground.

Hazrat Muslim's (ra) head was cut off and hung on the City gate to remind and scare the people of Kufa.

Hazrat Muslim's (ra) two sons, Muhammad and Ibrahim (pbbut), were also arrested and killed mercilessly.

In the meantime, Imam Hussain (as) and his companions in Mecca were preparing to perform the duty of Hajj when his friends in Mecca informed him that Yazid's men were planning to have him and his followers murdered during the Hajj.

Imam Hussain (as) did not wish the House of Allah to be turned into a battlefield. Therefore, he decided to leave Mecca without performing Hajj.

On 8th Dhul-Hajj, the very day on which Hazrat Muslim (ra) was murdered in Kufa, Imam Hussain’s (as) caravan left Mecca. Imam Hussain (as) did not know of Hazrat Muslim's (ra) death.

The journey was made on camels and horses. The weather was extremely hot at that time of year. The Imam, his children, ladies and friends (pbbut) suffered great hardship during the journey.

During the journey, Imam learned of the death of Hazrat Muslim (ra) and the cruel way in which he had been killed.

When Yazid came to know that Imam Hussain (as) was heading towards Kufa, he immediately sent Hurr, at the time one of his army commanders to stop the Imam from joining his followers in Kufa.

Hurr, with 1,000 horsemen, met Imam Hussain (as) and his companions at a place a few miles outside Kufa. Hurr and his men forced the Imam to take the road to Karbala which was situated on the banks of the River Euphrates (River Furaat).

Imam Hussain (as) could have fought Hurr and his soldiers and forced his way into Kufa, but it was not Imam Hussain’s (as) intention to start any battle.

On 2nd Muharram, 61 A.H., the Imam, his family and his faithful companions arrived in Karbala. Yazid's armies had already arrived in the area long before the Imam's arrival. It was a huge army consisting of thousands of soldiers.

By the 7th of Muharram, Yazid's army had increased further in number. Now there were 20,000 of Yazid's soldiers surrounding Imam Hussain’s (as) 72 men from all comers. They were scattered over miles on the sands of the river bank.

On the 7th of Muharram, Yazid's soldiers were told to guard the bank of the River Euphrates so that Imam Hussain (as), his family and companions (pbbut) could not take any water.

Heat was intense in the desert and hot winds blew all day. Imam's family and friends (pbbut) suffered without water and food for three days.

On the 10th of Muharram, 61 A.H., the battle took place. One-by-one all the Imam's men were martyred except our 4th Imam Zaynal al-Abideen (as) who was very ill at that time and could not take part in the battle.

After the battle was over, Yazid's soldiers set fire to the Imam's tents and looted the camp. They even took the veils away from the Holy ladies. They beat the children and took away all their belongings. They snatched and pulled away Bibi Sakina's (sa) earrings and let her little ears bleed for a long, long time.

The Shi'as hold a majlis every day for the twelve days of Muharram. We remember, cry and do matam for the brave martyrs of Karbala.

The story of a brave martyr of Karbala. is recited on each day of the twelve days.

Thanks to Imam Hussain (as), his family and his faithful friends (pbbut). Their great sacrifice in Karbala, saved Islam, our great religion.

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