#jawaharlal nehru university

[suchananewsblog]

Vipul Amrutlal Shah screens 'The Kerala Story' in JNU Delhi | Hindi Movie News - Times of India

In a masterstroke of pacification producer Vipul Amrutlal Shah has gone and proven his controversial ‘The Kerala Story‘ on the Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi on May 2.This is similar educational establishment, which had rejected Vivek Agnihotri’s ‘The Kashmir Files’ alleging it to be Islamophobic propaganda. Hence to get approval on a platform identified to sentence Islam baiters, is an…

[godofglitter]

i need some place to document all the very cool things daily life throws my way so hey i'm back.

Image: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru's address to a throng of UC Berkeley and USC students, October 1949. Credit: Truman Library

This picture was taken at the historical William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre, and the stage is the same stage I walked when I graduated this May from Cal. Even after four years amongst Nobel Laureates and inventors and revolutionaries I will never stop being amazed by the true extent of Berkeley's place in history. Go Bears. Jai Hind.

[unpluggedtv]

The School of International Studies II building's walls, according to students, were defiled with anti-Brahmin and anti-Baniya slogans. A Bloodbath Is Coming, "Brahmin Bharat Chhodo." "Brahmino-Baniyas, We Are Coming For You," "Brahmins Leave The Campus," One of the sayings that is written on the wall is "We'll seek vengeance." Vice Chancellor Santishree D. Pandit has directed the School of International Studies and Grievances Committee to investigate the incident and submit a report as soon as possible. Hours after the incident, the administration declared in a statement that it would not tolerate such conduct because JNU belongs to everyone. The left was blamed for the vandalism by the RSS-affiliated Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad.

Read More: https://unpluggedtv.in/anti-brahmin-graffiti-on-jnu-walls-probe-ordered/

[mit-university-shillong]

[religion-is-a-mental-illness]

By: Dyani Lewis

Published: May 31, 2023

In India, children under 16 returning to school this month at the start of the school year will no longer be taught about evolution, the periodic table of elements or sources of energy.

The news that evolution would be cut from the curriculum for students aged 15–16 was widely reported last month, when thousands of people signed a petition in protest. But official guidance has revealed that a chapter on the periodic table will be cut, too, along with other foundational topics such as sources of energy and environmental sustainability. Younger learners will no longer be taught certain pollution- and climate-related topics, and there are cuts to biology, chemistry, geography, mathematics and physics subjects for older school students.

Overall, the changes affect some 134 million 11–18-year-olds in India’s schools. The extent of what has changed became clearer last month when the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) — the public body that develops the Indian school curriculum and textbooks — released textbooks for the new academic year that started in May.

Researchers, including those who study science education, are shocked. “Anybody who’s trying to teach biology without dealing with evolution is not teaching biology as we currently understand it,” says Jonathan Osborne, a science-education researcher at Stanford University in California. “It’s that fundamental to biology.” The periodic table explains how life’s building blocks combine to generate substances with vastly different properties, he adds, and “is one of the great intellectual achievements of chemists”.

Mythili Ramchand, a science-teacher trainer at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences in Mumbai, India, says that “everything related to water, air pollution, resource management has been removed. “I don’t see how conservation of water, and air [pollution], is not relevant for us. It’s all the more so currently,” she adds. A chapter on different sources of energy — from fossil fuels to renewables — has also been removed. “That’s a bit strange, quite honestly, given the relevance in today’s world,” says Osborne.

More than 4,500 scientists, teachers and science communicators have signed an appeal organized by Breakthrough Science Society, a campaign group based in Kolkata, India, to reinstate the axed content on evolution.

NCERT has not responded to the appeal. And although it relied on expert committees to oversee the changes, it has not yet engaged with parents and teachers to explain its rationale for making them. NCERT also did not reply to Nature’s request for comment.

Chapters closed

A chapter on the periodic table of elements has been removed from the syllabus for class-10 students, who are typically 15–16 years old. Whole chapters on sources of energy and the sustainable management of natural resources have also been removed.

A small section on Michael Faraday’s contributions to the understanding of electricity and magnetism in the nineteenth century has also been stripped from the class-10 syllabus. In non-science content, chapters on democracy and diversity; political parties; and challenges to democracy have been scrapped. And a chapter on the industrial revolution has been removed for older students.

In explaining its changes, NCERT states on its website that it considered whether content overlapped with similar content covered elsewhere, the difficulty of the content, and whether the content was irrelevant. It also aims to provide opportunities for experiential learning and creativity.

NCERT announced the cuts last year, saying that they would ease pressures on students studying online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Amitabh Joshi, an evolutionary biologist at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research in Bengaluru, India, says that science teachers and researchers expected that the content would be reinstated once students returned to classrooms. Instead, the NCERT shocked everyone by printing textbooks for the new academic year with a statement that the changes will remain for the next two academic years, in line with India’s revised education policy approved by government in July 2020.

“The idea [behind the new policy] is that you make students ask questions,” says Anindita Bhadra, an evolutionary biologist at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research in Kolkata. But she says that removing fundamental concepts is likely to stifle curiosity, rather than encourage it. “The way this is being done, by saying ‘drop content and teach less’”, she says, “that’s not the way you do it”.

Evolution axed

Science educators are particularly concerned about the removal of evolution. A chapter on diversity in living organisms and one called ‘Why do we fall ill’ has been removed from the syllabus for class-9 students, who are typically 14–15 years old. Darwin’s contributions to evolution, how fossils form and human evolution have all been removed from the chapter on heredity and evolution for class-10 pupils. That chapter is now called just ‘Heredity’. Evolution, says Joshi, is essential to understanding human diversity and “our place in the world”.

In India, class 10 is the last year in which science is taught to every student. Only students who elect to study biology in the final two years of education (before university) will learn about the topic.

Joshi says that the curriculum revision process has lacked transparency. But in the case of evolution, “more religious groups in India are beginning to take anti-evolution stances”, he says. Some members of the public also think that evolution lacks relevance outside academic institutions.

Aditya Mukherjee, a historian at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Dehli, says that changes to the curriculum are being driven by Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a mass-membership volunteer organization that has close ties to India’s governing Bharatiya Janata Party. The RSS feels that Hinduism is under threat from India’s other religions and cultures.

“There is a movement away from rational thinking, against the enlightenment and Western ideas” in India, adds Sucheta Mahajan, a historian at Jawaharlal Nehru University who collaborates with Mukherjee on studies of RSS influence on school texts. Evolution conflicts with creation stories, adds Mukherjee. History is the main target, but “science is one of the victims”, she adds.

==

Well, at least it'll put them on par with the anti-science and biology-denial of US classrooms. China no longer has anything to worry about.

[linguisticdiscovery]

Documenting endangered languages is incredibly challenging, but the Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL) is up to the task:

(Want to learn more about language documentation and language revitalization? You’re in the right place! Hit the Follow button!)

[stephensmithuk]

The Three Students

We're staying on Return for a while - the next one not in it will be "The Bruce-Partington Plans", due on 14 August.

I've been reading from the Klinger annotated version as this includes the illustrations. I will try to contribute original stuff.

Scholars have had a lot of discussion, as per Klinger, on which one of Oxford or Cambridge this is, including a lot of focus on the state of early English charter research. They also discuss which of them Holmes went to - Baring-Gould has him go to both, with some further study in London in the middle. And fail to get a degree.

Athenian general Thucydides' only work was History of the Peloponnesian War, an eight-volume, incomplete (it cuts off abruptly during Book VIII), account - of the conflict that is considered a classic, although it's debated if it's a history book or just good literature. The fact his name is dropped in that manner suggests the audience should know it automatically. It's also apparently a very hard book to translate from the original Greek.

Oxbridge (I'll use the common term for them as a pair here) students have scheduled highly personalised time with their tutors in small group learning - it's called a tutorial at Oxford and a supervision at Cambridge.

Prospective students either apply to an Oxbridge college directly or make an open application, being allocated to one if successful.

There have been Indian students at Cambridge since 1867, including three future Indian Prime Ministers - most famously Jawaharlal Nehru himself.

"Ruined on the turf" means he lost all his money betting on horses.

A "blue" is awarded to university athletes who have excelled at their sport. There are multiple grades, "full blue" being the highest. You are entitled to wear a special blazer when you get one. Cambridge is light blue, Oxford dark blue. Not to be confused with a Porterhouse Blue, which is something completely different.

Rhodesia was the British colonial territory now Zambia and Zimbabwe, named after Cecil Rhodes.

[beguines]

Communist Party of India meeting for women in a village. (P.C. Joshi Archives, Jawaharlal Nehru University)

[bollywoodirect]

Today, we remember Pandit Narendra Sharma on his birth anniversary. He was a famous poet, wrote songs for Hindi movies, and started the radio channel Vividh Bharati (02/28).

Pandit Sharma was known for his beautiful poetry, songwriting, and deep knowledge of Hindi and Urdu languages. He brought a special style to Indian movies by mixing old Indian poetry styles with the beauty of Urdu poetry. He played a big role in making the radio channel Vividh Bharati very popular when it was struggling, bringing its listeners to nearly 35 crore people.

He wrote unforgettable songs for movies like “Jyoti Kalash Chhalke” from “Bhabhi Ki Chudiyan” in 1961, and both “Yashomati maiya se bole nandlala” and the main song “Satyam Shivam Sundaram” from the movie “Satyam Shivam Sundaram” in 1979.

Pandit Sharma was born on February 28, 1913, in Jahangirpur, Uttar Pradesh. He studied English literature at Allahabad University and was part of India’s fight for independence. He was friends with famous poet Harivanshrai Bachchan and wrote poetry in Hindi that many people loved.

In 1942, he was invited to Bombay (now Mumbai) to write songs for movies. His first movie as a songwriter was “Hamaari Baat” in 1943, starring Raj Kapoor. He also suggested the stage name ‘Dilip Kumar’ for the actor Yusuf Khan, a name that became very famous in Indian cinema. His songs, especially when sung by Lata Mangeshkar, became very popular.

Apart from movies, Pandit Sharma’s work in radio was groundbreaking. In 1952, India’s Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru asked him to help start Vividh Bharati on All India Radio, which became a huge success and had a massive audience by 1970. Some famous radio shows, like Binaca Geetmala, became very popular because of him. He worked with Vividh Bharati until he retired.

Pandit Sharma also wrote many religious songs and poems outside of movies. One of his most famous songs is the title track of the movie “Satyam Shivam Sundaram,” which talks about beauty and truth. This song got him a nomination for a Filmfare award.

He passed away on February 11, 1989, but his work continues to inspire many with its deep messages about life and beauty.

[phdguides]

How to fund your PhD study in India?

PhD is a time taking a degree and it takes a lot of resources to pursue PhD study. In this article, we are sharing how to fund your phd study in india. It takes you typically 4 to 5 years to complete the PhD. Devoting this much time to education after post-graduation is a big decision.

One of the common constraints candidates who applied for a PhD face is the cost of a PhD program. Scholarships offered by various institutions can help you to tackle this problem.

With the help of these fellowship programmes, you can receive funding for your PhD studies and focus on your research without worrying about finances.

In this article, we are going to mention some of the renowned fellowship programs available for Indian students. Keep reading to know more.

Why a fellowship for PhD study is necessary?

PhD fellowships allow you to deal with financial constraints while focusing on your research. It will assist you in meeting multiple expenses such as tuition, admission fees, and travel expenses for research, among others.

A scholarship will provide you with financial independence while you pursue your PhD and excel in your field of study. You can apply for various fellowships at the national and international levels to receive the benefits.

How to apply for a fellowship in PhD study?

The application process for any fellowship is simple and clear. You can apply for any fellowship you are eligible for by following a few simple steps. Here are a few steps you can take to apply for a PhD fellowship programme:

Visit the official website of UGC or the own website of a particular fellowship program.

Click on the scholarship you want to know about.

Check the eligibility criteria.

Fill out the form on the website if you are eligible.

Submit the important document and research proposal as per the requirement of the scholarship.

You might have to go through the interview for some scholarship.

You can track the progress from the website directly or you will be contacted if you are selected.

Top fellowship programs in India for PhD study

Below are the top fellowship programs in India for PhD study you can apply for:

Prime Minister Fellowship for Doctoral Research

This is a fellowship programme run by the central government to encourage and assist deserving students pursuing a PhD. This programme provides an eligible candidate with a monthly stipend of INR 70,000. After completing your post-graduate studies, you can apply for this scholarship between April and May.

Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowships

This fellowship is given to students pursuing a PhD at an Indian university. The duration of this scholarship is between six to nine months and allows students to further their research in fields such as public health, machine learning, sociology, and others. USIEF provides the scholarship, which you can apply for between March and June.

Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund Scholarships

The Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund awards this scholarship to students enrolled in PhD programmes in science, sociology, philosophy, and other fields. This scholarship will provide you with monthly stipends ranging from INR 15,000 to INR 18,000 for a period of two years. To be eligible to apply for this scholarship, the candidate must be under the age of 35 and have a minimum grade point average of 60% in their postgraduate studies.

Google PhD Fellowship India Program

Google is offering this fellowship to Indian students who want to pursue a PhD in computer science or a related field after completing their postgraduate studies. Google will provide funding to a candidate for a minimum of four years in the amount of INR 26, 89,160 to cover programme expenses. Under this fellowship, Google also offers eligible candidates an internship at Google. You can apply for this scholarship between the months of March and April.

ICHR Junior Research Fellowships (JRF)

This scholarship is intended primarily for candidates pursuing a PhD in historical studies. You must pass an entrance exam and an interview to be considered for this fellowship. The Indian Council of History Research will provide a monthly stipend of INR 16,500 to INR 17,600 to the candidate for the next two years (ICHR). You can apply for this fellowship between November and December.

Maulana Azad National Fellowship

Candidates from low-income families who want to pursue a PhD are eligible for this fellowship. This programme is run by the Indian government’s Ministry of Minority Affairs to encourage economically deprived students to pursue higher education. Your family income should not exceed INR 600,000 per annum to be eligible for this fellowship. This scholarship has a 5-year duration and a monthly stipend of INR 28,000 you will receive. This is available twice a year, in June and December.

NCERT Doctoral Fellowship for PhD

Candidates who have passed the NET and are enrolled in a recognised university for a PhD programme are eligible for this fellowship. The NCERT board funds the candidates’ tuition, housing, books, and other expenses for a period of three years under this scholarship. You will be paid INR 25,000 per month and can apply for this fellowship between September and November.

CSIR-UGC JRF NET Fellowship

Candidates who have qualified for the NET and are pursuing a PhD in life science, chemical science, earth & atmosphere, or a related field are eligible for this scholarship. This scholarship is for two years and has a monthly stipend of INR 20,000 to INR 31,000. You can apply between July and August.

Other fellowship programs for PhD

Aside from these fellowship programmes, other programmes for financial support of doctorate candidates are run by various government and non-government organisations.

These scholarships differ in terms of eligibility, duration, and monthly stipends. You can apply for these fellowships if you meet the eligibility requirements.

Some of the other fellowships are:

PhD Scholarships in India through GATE

PhD scholarships in India for Computer Science

PhD Scholarships in India MHRD

PhD scholarships in India for SC

PhD scholarships in India for ST students

PhD scholarships in India for OBC

PhD scholarships in India for International students

PhD scholarships in India for Single Girl Child

Conclusion

These are the fellowships offered by various institutions for the PhD study in India. You can check the eligibility and apply as per your requirement, university and field of research. To know more about the admission process in PhD you can also check academically.co

[denimbex1986]

'On the morning of 16 July 1945, a blinding light tore through the still-dark sky over the Jornada Del Muerto desert in New Mexico. It was the birth of the Atomic Era, but theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer’s response was a curt, “I guess it worked”— at least according to his brother Frank Oppenheimer.

Years later, in an NBC news documentary, Oppenheimer recited a line from the Bhagavad Gita when talking about the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: “Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.”

This powerful and chilling quote features twice in Christopher Nolan’s 2023 biopic of one of the most celebrated and vilified scientists in history. But the movie Oppenheimer is not just about Oppenheimer. It also illuminates the evolution of the Manhattan Project and the alliance of brilliant minds working to create the world’s first atomic bomb.

Overall, it’s the story of an era when World War-II ignited a race to harness the atom’s hidden power after the discovery of nuclear fission by German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman in 1938. For all its destructive capabilities, or perhaps because of it, the atomic bomb became a symbol of power.

Just as artificial intelligence and quantum mechanics are central to the current scientific epoch, the exploration of atomic energy and nuclear fission powered the science of the 1940s.

But the film’s gaze, focused on Oppenheimer, offers only glimpses of his scientific contemporaries —some, recipients of the Nobel Prize— whose contributions were pivotal to shaping the course of modern physics.

Its lens also did not capture parallel developments on the other side of the globe in India, where Homi Bhabha was leading the country’s quest for atomic energy.

In 1948, for instance, Bhabha had urged Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru that the development of atomic energy be “entrusted to a very small and high-powered body composed of say three people with executive power, and answerable directly to the Prime Minister without any intervening link.”

Here’s a look at some key figures from the atomic era, some portrayed in the film and others whose roles remained beyond its scope.

A rough start

Robert ‘Oppie’ Oppenheimer (played by Cillian Murphy) was born into a wealthy New York Jewish family in 1904. After getting his undergraduate degree in chemistry from Harvard, he went to Cambridge University to study physics.

He did not see instant stardom. As shown in the movie, he was so bad at experimental work that he was miserable. It was also in Cambridge that he met soon-to-be Nobel laureate Patrick Blackett (James D’Arcy), featured in the movie as the professor he tried to poison with an apple. While no one ate the apple, his mischief became known and his parents had to convince authorities to not press charges.

Notably, Homi Bhabha, later to be known as the father of the Indian atomic programme, studied in Cambridge in the late 1920s, and worked at the Cavendish lab, which Oppenheimer wanted to join.

But Oppenheimer left Cambridge battling severe depression and in 1926 moved to Germany where he completed his PhD in physics. He was 23 years old, and Europe was still uneasy in the aftermath of the First World War. Mussolini had seized power in Italy and Hitler was just rising in popularity in Germany.

Early encounters with friends & foes

During his stay in Germany, Oppenheimer cultivated relationships with several fellow colleagues, some of whom would become future collaborators.

Among them was Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi (Danny Deferrari). While he joined the Manhattan Project relatively late, he played a role in selecting Japanese targets. In the 1930s, Bhabha also collaborated closely with Fermi while he was on the Isaac Newton scholarship in Rome.

Significantly, it was Fermi who alerted military leaders to nuclear energy’s potential and is renowned for creating the first nuclear reactor. He won the 1938 Nobel Prize for his work on radioactivity and discovery of transuranium elements— the synthetic element fermium is named after him.

Like Oppenheimer, Fermi opposed the development of hydrogen bombs. He defended Oppenheimer in the security hearing in 1954 when the latter was accused of being a Soviet spy during the McCarthy era.

Oppenheimer also became close to Werner Heisenberg (Matthias Schweighöfer), a German theoretical physicist whose legacy includes the uncertainty principle and the 1932 Nobel Prize for “creation of quantum mechanics”.

However, Heisenberg was also the principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons programme during World War-II, and contributed to West German nuclear reactor development.

The movie shows Oppenheimer’s team in a race with Heisenberg’s to develop the bomb, but in reality, Heisenberg never came close to success on this front. In fact, it is believed that conscientious German scientists secretly sabotaged the research.

Heisenberg, notably, spent time in India in the 1920s as a guest of Tagore, indulging in deep discussions about philosophy, life, and science.

In Germany, Oppenheimer also became friendly with Hungarian-born physicist Edward Teller (Benny Safdie), whose calculations were often referred to in the movie. The relationship between the men, however, eventually soured.

Teller and Oppenheimer disagreed about the type of weapon to prioritise in the Manhattan Project. Teller was a proponent of developing hydrogen bombs, and, in fact, came to be known as the father of the hydrogen bomb. In the closed-door hearing, he testified against Oppenheimer.

Onscreen, Teller can be easily identified by his sweaty eyebrows. He is the person with whom Oppenheimer’s wife Kitty refuses to shake hands.

Another member of Oppenheimer’s circle in Europe was Polish-American physicist Isidor Isaac Rabi (David Krumholtz). In the film, Rabi is featured in a scene where Oppenheimer is about to give a lecture in Amsterdam. Rabi offers to help a Dutch scientist translate Oppenheimer’s lecture into English. However, Oppenheimer surprises everyone by speaking in Dutch himself, a language he learned in just a few weeks.

Rabi was a lifelong friend of Oppenheimer, and in the movie, he is the only one who talks about Oppenheimer’s religion, addressing it in the train scene. He won the 1944 Physics Nobel for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is used in MRIs today. His work also led to the development of the microwave oven.

Return to America

When Oppenheimer returned to the USA in the late 1920s, he received job offers for professorships at both UC Berkeley and Caltech. He opted for the position at Berkeley while also taking on a visiting teaching role at Caltech.

At this time, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis and spent time at a New Mexico ranch to recover. He fell in love with the region, where he had also been sent as a teenager to recover from dysentery. It was here that he would later set up his secret Los Alamos laboratories.

In Berkeley, in the 1930s, he worked with another Nobel Prize experimental physicist, Ernest Lawrence (Josh Hartnett). Oppenheimer was introduced to the Manhattan Project through Lawrence, who later became an H-bomb proponent.

In the early days of their relationship, Oppenheimer and Lawrence were very close, with the latter even naming his son Robert. The two fell out later due to political disagreements, but Lawrence refused to testify against Oppenheimer in 1954.

Meanwhile, what is now called the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen had become another big hub for theoretical and nuclear physics research in the late 1930s. Here, Homi Bhabha worked with the likes of Wolfgang Pauli, Hans Kramer, Enrico Fermi, and, of course, Neils Bohr (Kenneth Branagh) himself.

Bohr, who discovered the internal structure of an atom and showed that electrons orbit the nucleus, was involved with the Manhattan Project only for a short time, but is known for his work on quantum theory, for which he won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was involved in the establishment of CERN. After the war, he became a proponent of international cooperation on nuclear energy.

Bohr had visited India on a couple of occasions, upon the invitation of physicist Alladi Ramakrishnan, who had him deliver lectures in Chennai. Bohr was particularly taken with the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), and was very supportive of the Indian nuclear research programme.

In the movie, he can be seen handling the poisoned apple, which was not intended for him, and asking Oppie to listen to music instead of reading sheet music.

Communism, a car named Garuda, marriage

Many of Oppenheimer’s political and spiritual beliefs coalesced in the years leading up to World War-II.

In the early 1930s, his interests expanded to encompass languages, myths, and religion. Mesmerised by the Bhagavad Gita, he learned to read Sanskrit and even named his car ‘Garuda’ after the divine vehicle of Lord Vishnu.

Through this decade, Oppenheimer studied cosmic rays, nuclear physics, quantum electrodynamics, as well as relativity and astrophysics. However, the onset of World War II in 1939 forced many scientists, including Homi Bhabha, to return to their home countries.

By this time, Oppenheimer had adopted many ideas for social reform that came to be categorised as communist. While he never was an open member of the Communist Party of USA, he donated money through communist channels for social causes.

In the film, Oppenheimer’s wife, Katherine “Kitty” Puening (Emily Blunt) is depicted as testifying to this effect during her hearing.

Kitty, whom Oppenheimer met in 1939, was a huge influence in is life and remained by his side until his death. A German-born American botanist, she was a former member of the communist party.

Before Oppenheimer had even joined the Manhattan Project, an FBI file was opened on him in 1941.

Manhattan Project kicks off

Oppenheimer’s work in quantum mechanics and nuclear physics had caught the eye of many scientists, and his ability to be an informed liaison between scientists and defence forces led to General Leslie Groves (Matt Damon) handpicking him as a “genius” to lead the Manhattan Project. The two are often credited together for producing the world’s first atomic bomb.

Oppenheimer started off by holding a summer school for bomb theory in Berkeley, involving many of his colleagues and students, including Robert Serber (who was romantically involved with Kitty after Oppenheimer’s death) Teller, and German-American theoretical physicist Hans Bethe (Gustaf Skarsgård).

Bethe was personally asked by Oppenheimer to join the Manhattan Project and oversee its theoretical division. He is best known for his work at the confluence of astrophysics and nuclear physics, winning the 1967 Physics Nobel for his work on stellar nucleosynthesis, the process by which heavier elements are created in stars.

In 1942, the plans for a secret lab in Los Alamos were in place. The US military notified the local Indian tribes living in the area that they had 24 hours to vacate, and usurped the land.

Set up at the Los Alamos Ranch School, the Manhattan Project grew from 1943 to 1945 to include thousands of people. Oppenheimer ran the project efficiently, and was noted for his administrative ability among scientists and military personnel.

At the same time as the establishment of Los Alamos in US, a premier institute of research was being established in India. At the time, Bhabha was a professor at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore (now Bengaluru), and was working with JRD Tata and Nobel laureate Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar to establish TIFR in Mumbai.

‘The world will never be the same again’

In 1945, the Trinity test marked the world’s first atomic bomb trial, and the first occurrence of a mushroom cloud.

Richard Feynman (Jack Quaid) claimed to be the sole person to witness the test without protective glasses. The famous (or infamous) physicist was a graduate student when he joined the Manhattan Project, Feynman contributed to safety protocols for uranium storage. His work in quantum electrodynamics earned him the 1965 Physics Nobel.

After the test, Oppenheimer famously remarked that the world would never be the same again.

Indeed, the Trinity test released nuclear fallout into the atmosphere, which continues to persist today and has contaminated modern steel. This led to the use of “low-background steel” or pre-Trinity steel in modern physics experiments and radiation-sensitive devices like Geiger counters. Sunk WWII submarines have long been illegally scavenged for their pre-war steel.

Moral doubts & Szilárd petition

After the test, as shown in the movie, some scientists at the project began to express their moral qualms about dropping the bomb on civilians.

In 1945, Hungarian-German-American physicist Leo Szilárd (Máté Haumann) initiated the Szilárd petition, co-signed by 70 Manhattan Project scientists. The petition advocating for the US to forewarn Japan and to deploy the bomb in unpopulated islands.

Szilárd, the first to conceive nuclear chain reactions, drafted the letter for Einstein’s approval of the Manhattan Project. But despite his involvement, he became a vocal anti-nuclear warfare proponent.

Notably, he briefly resided in India during the 1930s while his wife worked with children. He interacted with many Indian scientists, including Obaid Siddiqui, founder-director of TIFR’s National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS).

One of the signatories of Szilárd’s petition was Lilli Hornig (Olivia Thirlby), who had originally joined as a typist at Los Alamos. Her scientific skills, however, proved prodigious. While she wanted to work with plutonium, there were concerns among the men that the radioactive element could be dangerous for the female reproductive system, as depicted in the movie. Hornig, therefore, worked with high-explosive lenses instead.

She later became a chemistry professor at Brown University and played a key role in establishing the Korea Institute for Science and Technology.

American nuclear physicist David Hill (Rami Malek) also signed the Szilard petition.

In the movie, he is shown giving a searing testimony in 1959 against U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) chairman Lewis Strauss (Robert Downey Jr.) and his treatment of Oppenheimer— but more on that later.

Manhattan Project scientist Luis Walter Alvarez (Alex Wolff) also makes an appearance in the film. He is depicted as the scientist running out of a shop to tell Oppenheimer the news of German scientists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann achieving nuclear fission.

Alvarez won the Nobel Prize in 1968 for his work in designing a liquid hydrogen bubble chamber which could take photographs of subatomic particles. However, his most enduring legacy is arguably the Alvarez Hypothesis, which he co-developed with his geologist son Walter Alvarez. The hypothesis states that the extinction of dinosaurs was caused by an asteroid impact.

Post-war tumult

After the Manhattan Project and the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, Oppenheimer grew disillusioned with atomic and hydrogen bombs.

He subsequently took over as the director of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and later chaired the General Advisory Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission, while other nations pursued their own nuclear programmes, including India, where the Atomic Energy Commission of India was set up in 1948 under Bhabha’s leadership.

But Oppenheimer’s left-leaning communist ideals caused the US government to become suspicious of him as fear of USSR’s technological and military advances grew.

Adding to these suspicions was his on-and-off affair with Jean Tatlock (Florence Pugh), a communist party member. The two intermittently shared a relationship both before and during his marriage with Kitty. Oppenheimer even named the 1945 Trinity test as a tribute to her, as she had introduced him to John Donne’s sonnet that said “Batter my heart, three-person’d God”.

The two last met in 1943 when Oppenheimer was already under FBI surveillance. And while Tatlock was found dead by suicide in 1944, at the age of 29, the affair had ripple effects even a decade later.

The pall of doubt over Oppenheimer’s ideological leanings led to a hearing by the AEC in 1954 that resulted in the revoking of his security clearance and effectively his role in the US atomic energy establishment. This initiative was backed by politician and then AEC chairman Lewis Strauss, depicted as Oppenheimer’s prime antagonist in the movie.

Upon hearing the news of Oppenheimer’s treatment, many in the scientific community were outraged and offered shelter to him in other countries.

Homi Bhabha was upset too. He was friends with both Robert and Kitty Oppenheimer and often dined with them when he was in New York. Bhabha went as far as to urge Prime Minister Nehru to invite Oppenheimer to immigrate to India after the 1954 hearing.

Oppenheimer, however, refused to leave the US, claiming it would not be inappropriate until he was cleared of all charges.

Significantly, the controversial hearing led to a backlash against Strauss too. In 1959, President Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated Strauss as Secretary of Commerce. But in the hearing to consider his nomination, depicted in black and white in the movie, many senators questioned his qualifications, specifically in the view of the Oppenheimer controversy. Strauss’s nomination was ultimately rejected by the Senate.

Epilogue

Oppenheimer’s time at Los Alamos and outside of it was full of legends of physics. The most well-known of these was, of course, Albert Einstein (Tom Conti).

A key scene in the film shows Oppenheimer seeking advice from Einstein about calculations suggesting that a nuclear explosion could destroy the earth.

However, as director Nolan has acknowledged in interviews, this interaction did not happen. Oppenheimer did seek similar advice, but he went to Arthur Compton, a Nobel Prize winner and director of Manhattan Project’s centre at the University of Chicago.

In real life, Einstein and Oppenheimer did become friends, but were closest when they worked together at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. It was here where Oppenheimer served the last years of his career, retiring in 1966. A year later, he died of throat cancer.

In December 2022, shortly after the release of the trailer of the biopic, the 1954 ruling to revoke Oppenheimer’s security clearance was nullified, citing a flawed process.'

[lilywrites9]

Top 5 Out of the Box Sonam Kapoor Movies

Sonam kapoor Indian actress Ahuja performs in Hindi-language movies. She has received a National Film Award and a Filmfare Award, and from 2012 to 2016, she was listed among Forbes India's Celebrity 100 based on her popularity and earnings.

Fashion and Sonam Kapoor go hand in hand. And enjoyment too. It's no secret that we enjoy Sonam Kapoor's choice of entertaining films to act in. Her films frequently have a carefree, sunny, perfect day feel. Popcorn movies at their very best.

Aisha

Rajshree Ojha is the director of the 2010 Hindi-language romantic comedy-drama Aisha. Sonam Kapoor, Abhay Deol, Ira Dubey, Cyrus Sahukar, Amrita Puri, Anand Tiwari, Arunoday Singh, and Lisa Haydon are all part of the ensemble cast in this comedy of manners. It is a version of Jane Austen's 1815 novel Emma and is set in the upper-class society of Delhi, India. It has the same tone as the cult Hollywood movie Clueless (1995), which is also an adaptation of Austen's book. Aisha, which debuted on August 6, 2010, had a mediocre box office performance. Critics gave it mixed to favourable reviews. She characterised her persona as an intrusive diva with a penchant for playing Cupid and matchmaking.

2.Neerja

The 2016 Indian biographical thriller film Neerja, which was written by Saiwyn Quadras and Sanyuktha Chawla Shaikh, was directed by Ram Madhvani. The narrative is based on a true incident: the attempted hijacking of Pan Am Flight 73 by the Abu Nidal Organization, which was supported by Libya, on September 5, 1986 in Karachi, Pakistan. The head purser of the flight, Neerja Bhanot, who stopped the hijack attempt by warning the pilots and forcing them to ground the aircraft, is portrayed in the movie. Bhanot lost his life while attempting to save the 359 survivors among the 379 passengers and crew. She played the role of the air hostess Neerja Bhanot, who perished in 1986 while attempting to save the passengers of Pan Am Flight 73, which had been hijacked.

Since the project is based on actual events, Kapoor felt a sense of responsibility towards it. As part of her role preparation, she met the Bhanot family. The movie received a lot of positive reviews, and many critics thought that Kapoor gave her best performance to date. According to Raja Sen, her performance was a career-defining moment, and Rohit Vats of the Hindustan Times observed that "she carries entirely on her shoulder." She conveys a mixture of sincere, fear, goodwill, and boldness. Rajeev Masand invited Kapoor to his yearly best actresses roundtable, and Sen named Kapoor the best actress in Hindi film of 2016. In addition to numerous other honours, Kapoor received a Special Mention for a National Film Award and a Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics).

3. Raanjhanaa

Beloved One, also known as Raanjhanaa, is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film that was written and directed by Aanand L. Rai. Kapoor played the part of Varanasi-based Muslim student Zoya Haider, who becomes involved in politics as a result of the murder of her Sikh lover. Kapoor met with students, went to workshops, and practised with theatre groups affiliated with Jawaharlal Nehru University in order to get ready for her role. Additionally, she looked at Jaya Bachchan's performance in Guddi (1971), which she thought was "ideal" for the part. In response to a question about her role in the movie, Kapoor gave the following explanation of her acting style: "I have always tried to do diverse films and… I strive to be different for every character. The film was superhit at box office.

4. Delhi 6

Rakesh Omprakash Mehra is the director of the 2009 drama film Delhi-6, which was made in Hindi. Abhishek Bachchan plays an NRI in the movie who travels to India with his elderly grandmother (Waheeda Rehman) and starts learning about his ancestry before becoming involved in a religious issue involving an unknown attacker who resembles a monkey. After receiving its world debuts at the Museum of Modern Art and the Dubai International Film Festival, Delhi-6 was finally released on February 20, 2009, to critical and box office acclaim. Although it did poorly financially, it earned mixed reviews from critics, who praised the soundtrack and the cast's performances while criticising the plot, writing, and pacing. Best Production Design went to Delhi-6 at the 57th National Film Awards (Samir Chanda).

5. Veere Di Wedding

Female buddy comedy Veere Di Wedding is a 2018 Hindi-language movie that was produced by Rhea Kapoor, Ekta Kapoor, and Nikhil Dwivedi and directed by Shashanka Ghosh. Starring Kareena Kapoor Khan, Sonam K. Ahuja, Swara Bhaskar, and Shikha Talsania as four friends attending a wedding, the movie is loosely based on the 2015 movie The Wedding Ringer. On June 1, 2018, Veere Di Wedding was released in theatres to mixed reviews. The movie, which had a budget of $28,000,000, ended up earning over 139,000,000 globally, making it the highest-grossing Hindi film of the year and the biggest for a movie with female leads. At the 64th Filmfare Awards, it garnered three nominations, including Best Supporting Actress for Talsania and Bhaskar.

[unvindiaannouncements]

𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗘𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗗𝗔𝗬 - 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟭

National Education Day is celebrated across India, every year on November 11, to commemorate the birth anniversary of India’s First Education Minister, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.

𝗠𝗮𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗮 𝗔𝗯𝘂𝗹 𝗞𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗺 𝗔𝘇𝗮𝗱 (11 November 1888 – 22 February 1958) was an Indian scholar and a senior leader of the Indian National Congress during the independence movement. Following India’s independence, he became the First Minister of Education (Minister of Human Resource Development) in Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s cabinet and served the country from 1947 to 1958.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was committed to building of the independent India through education and promoted the education of the rural poor and girls. He emphasized the need for a free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14. Addressing a conference on All India Education on 16 January 1948, Maulana Azad said:

We must not for a moment forget, it is a birthright of every individual to receive at least the basic education without which he/she cannot fully discharge his/her duties as a citizen.

Under his leadership, the Ministry of Education founded The Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) was founded in 1950, the first Indian Institute of Technology in 1951 and the University Grants Commission in 1953. He also laid emphasis on the development of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and several other educational institutions in India.

Celebrating National Education Day at schools can be a wonderful opportunity to inspire students, appreciate educators, and promote the importance of education.

Here are some engaging ideas for your school:

1.𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗮𝗶𝗿𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Organize an educational fair where students can display their projects, experiments, and creative works. This can include science experiments, art displays, and history projects.

2.𝗕𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Set up a book exhibition featuring a variety of genres and authors. Encourage students to explore new books and even donate books to the school library.

3.𝗣𝗮𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝘂𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿𝘀

Invite guest speakers, including educators, alumni, and local leaders, to discuss the importance of education and share their experiences. This can be a great way to inspire students and provide them with different perspectives.

4.𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗴𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘁𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿𝘀

Hold a special assembly to recognize and appreciate the hard work of teachers. Students can present thank-you cards, perform skits, or share stories about how their teachers have positively impacted their lives.

5.𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Conduct workshops on various topics such as mindfulness, creative writing, or science experiments. Interactive sessions can make learning fun and engaging for students.

6.𝗖𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺𝘀

Organize cultural programs that include music, dance, and drama performances by students. These programs can highlight the importance of education in different cultures and traditions.

7. 𝗘𝘀𝘀𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗿𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗲𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Host competitions where students can express their thoughts on the significance of education through essays, poems, or artwork. Display the winning entries around the school.

8.𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀

Encourage students to participate in community service projects, such as visiting local libraries, helping younger students with their studies, or organizing a cleanliness drive in the school neighborhood.

9.𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗿 𝗱𝗮𝘆

Invite professionals from various fields to talk about their careers and the role education played in their success. This can help students understand the practical applications of their studies.

10.𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Set up different learning stations around the school where students can engage in hands-on activities related to different subjects, such as math puzzles, science experiments, or language games.

11.𝗗𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗾𝘂𝗶𝘇

Organize debates on educational topics and quiz competitions covering various subjects. This can stimulate critical thinking and knowledge among students.

12.𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝘁𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴

Invite storytellers or have teachers and students share stories that highlight the value of education and learning. This can be particularly engaging for younger students.

13.𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗴𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀

Plan fun educational games and activities, such as scavenger hunts, crossword puzzles, and trivia games that focus on educational themes.

14.𝗦𝘁𝘂𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽𝘀

Encourage older students to lead workshops or tutoring sessions for younger students. This can foster a sense of responsibility and peer learning.

15.𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

Showcase how technology can enhance learning by setting up interactive displays with educational apps, virtual reality experiences, and coding workshops.

16.𝗙𝗶𝗲𝗹�� 𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘀

Organize educational field trips to museums, science centers, or historical sites. These trips can provide hands-on learning experiences outside the classroom.

17.𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗶𝗻𝘃𝗼𝗹𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁

Invite parents to participate in the celebrations by sharing their educational journeys, reading stories, or conducting workshops. This can strengthen the school community.

18.𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗮𝗻 𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴

Host a poster and slogan-making competition where students can creatively express their thoughts on the importance of education. Display the best works around the school.

19.𝗔𝗹𝘂𝗺𝗻𝗶 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

Invite alumni to share their experiences and how their education has shaped their careers and lives. This can be inspiring for current students.

20.𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗺𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀

Screen educational films or documentaries that highlight significant educational milestones, inspiring stories, or important historical events.

21.𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗳𝘂𝗹𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘄𝗲𝗹𝗹 𝗯𝗲𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

Conduct sessions on mindfulness, stress management, and well-being to help students understand the importance of mental health in their educational journey.

22.𝗜𝗻𝗻𝗼𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘁𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗺𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝘄𝗰𝗮𝘀𝗲

Have teachers demonstrate innovative teaching methods and tools they use in the classroom. This can be an eye-opener for students and parents alike.

23.𝗖𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗲𝘅𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺

If possible, arrange virtual or in-person cultural exchange programs with schools from different regions or countries to promote global awareness and understanding.

24.𝗔𝗿𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗿𝗮𝗳𝘁

Organize art and craft workshops where students can create educational-themed crafts, such as bookmarks, posters, or educational models.

25.𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗸𝘀

Invite motivational speakers or successful individuals from various fields to give talks on the importance of education and lifelong learning.

These activities can create a vibrant and enriching environment for students and teachers alike.

𝗣𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗲: 𝗦𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗶𝗻 𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁𝘀𝗮𝗽𝗽 𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟵𝟵𝟰𝟰𝟯𝟭𝟯𝟵𝟱𝟯 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗽𝗵𝗼𝘁𝗼𝘀, 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗼𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗹𝗲𝗱𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀. 𝗔𝘃𝗮𝗶𝗹 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘀𝗲 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗮𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀.

[atplblog]

Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] The book looks into the political economy dynamics of policy shifts in India's computer software industry. To explain the growth trajectory, the critical role of state and corporate players and the alliance between the two has been taken into account. The explanations are in conjunction with the frameworks provided by theories of comparative political economy that seek to situate policy and institutional change within the broader context of state-society networking. The central argument that emerge from the discussions is that the software and IT policies are an outcome of a close-knit, corporatist interaction between state and private sector but one in which the state plays the lead role.Book EndorsementsThis volume offers a comprehensive analysis of the software and computer industry. It also examines in detail the role of government policies, the interaction between shifts in technology commercialisation and its political influence. An excellent summary of the technology growth story that has broadened the opportunities for many industries in India.Prof. Vidhu Verma Centre for Political Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University, New DelhiThis well-written book based on extensive research tells the story of the development of India's software and services industry against the backdrop of globalization. Following a political economy approach it clearly shows how software and IT policies are an outcome of corporatist interaction between the state and the private sector. It is the first-of-its-kind study of institutional change that has supported technocratic growth by analysing institutional innovations like STP, TRAI and Cyber security regime and the IT ministry and will be of interest to scholars, bureaucrats and lay readers.Prof. Sudha Pai Centre for Political Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University, New DelhiThis is an important book in a neglected area the political economy of India's industrial reforms. The Indian economy has transformed itself and this process has much to do with politics and institutional change. Few authors have attempted to address this issue as Siddhartha Mukerji has.Prof. Rahul Mukherji Head, Department of Political Science South Asia Institute Heidelberg University, Germany From the Publisher India’s Software Industry: Politics, Institutions and Policy Shifts by Siddhartha Mukerji India’s Software Industry: Politics, Institutions and Policy Shifts by Siddhartha Mukerji The book looks into the political economy dynamics of policy shifts in India’s computer software industry. To explain the growth trajectory, the critical role of state and corporate players and the alliance between the two has been taken into account. This volume offers a comprehensive analysis of the software and computer industry. It also examines in detail the role of government policies, the interaction between shifts in technology commercialisation and its political influence. This well-written book based on extensive research tells the story of the development of India’s software and services industry against the backdrop of globalization. Following a political economy approach it clearly shows how software and IT policies are an outcome of corporatist interaction between the state and the private sector. This is an important book in a neglected area the political economy of India’s industrial reforms. The Indian economy has transformed itself and this process has much to do with politics and institutional change. Few authors have attempted to address this issue as Siddhartha Mukerji has. ASIN ‏ : ‎ 812692800X

Publisher ‏ : ‎ Atlantic Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd (1 January 2018); Atlantic Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd Language ‏ : ‎ English Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 272 pages ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 8187496819 ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-8187496816 Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 420 g Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 20.3 x 25.4 x 4.7 cm Country of Origin ‏ : ‎ India Importer ‏ : ‎ Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd Packer ‏ : ‎ Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd Generic Name ‏ : ‎ Book [ad_2]