#interrelationships
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Nora quotes Gregory, as he was fond of saying "A falling leaf is not just that and nothing more, things are implicit in other ways.ā In response, she has nurtured what she calls "warm data.ā It is defined as: "Transcontextual information about the interrelationships that integrate a complex system." She also coined the word "symmathesy" which is āto generate mutual learning contexts through the process of interaction between multiple variables in a living entity.ā
Kenneth Silvestri in Psychology Today. A Book Review of Nora Batesonās āCombiningā
How possibilities bring things together.
Combining by Nora Bateson
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Ideal Parenting (5)

Time Factor
How much time do you have for your child? Who actually takes care of the upbringing?
Raising children certainly depends on the respective culture and therefore differs in certain respects. From an European perspective, raising children is the responsibility of both parents and not of the kindergarten or school. Good parenting is challenging and demands a lot from parents. Above all, itās time-consuming, as the child needs love, protection, understanding, support, attention and stimulation. Parents need time in order to do justice to this.
So, parents need time for their child in order to build and maintain a relationship based on love and trust. They need time to explain to their child how they should behave, what they should do and, above all, why they should do something or what the interrelationships in life are (cause and effect).
When parents donāt have sufficient time for their child, their relationship usually worsens and mutual trust diminishes. When trust fades, the relationship also diminishes and with it the willingness to help and support each other.
So, time is an essential factor in an ideal parenting that shouldnāt be underestimated.
(Photo: StockLite, Shutterstock)
#time factor#raising children#ideal parenting#time-consuming#self improvement#personal development#interrelationships#trust#relationship
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Please give us an episode thatās at least 45 minutes, an hour if a miracle is on the docket. Please. I canāt wait another week for 25 more minutes. I mean I WILL but I donāt wanna

#also this meme is so rio core I love it#sorry I have a lot of feelings about this mostly related to the fact that I would watch TEN HOUR EPISODES#I JUST WANT MORE TIME WITH THE NARRATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHARACTERS PLEASE#agatha harkness#agatha all along#hahndavision#marvel#mcu#agathaallalong
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remembering VALE AND UCCIO looking at bez and pecco and calling them weird and codependent sjsjahskd
#itās because they are two riders which if you think about THEIR insane interrelationship power dynamic makes sense i guess#theyāre looking at em like well which one is the assistant who is told what to do? whyāre you not wrestling in the mud to figure that out ?#motogp#callie speaks#valeās visible confusion remains so funny
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Excuse me. Hi. Sorry to bother you but
Very rarely do I find others who are Scarian and Pearlscar lovers??
Plus your art is amazing!
And that lil headcanon of Scar being able to likeā¦Make plants n stuff grow faster cuz heās a terraformer? AH! Yes hi Iām a fan now :3
hello!! i love both scarian and pearlscar, idk why, pearlscar would never work long term to me but they are like each other's comfort and rebound when they're both in their divorce arcs LOL. there is something about the parallels between scarian and gempearl and then also how intricately linked those characters are to each other and how their stories have evolved that just makes me obsessed forever, my favourite 4 for sure.
and thank you!! the Scar headcanon I've had for a while, not sure where it came from - I see the hermits all as sort of like magical beings that are refugees from their home worlds in one way or another, unable to live amongst "regular" mortals or whatever, thus Xisuma's hermitcraft world is sort of a safe haven for them. it also just suits Scar's personality to me, his character has to be one of my favourites of all time out of anything ever
#pearlscar posessed me after secret life when I feel like both scarian and gempearl were in kind of a weird break up phase#anyways no hard feelings between any of them i love complicated interrelationships between characters#yapping#hermitshipping#trafficshipping#pearlscar#gempearl#scarian#ask
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Istg Azur Lane skins š¤āØšlife changing
#they're all legal btw#I'm not excusing the loli or the fanservice#I just like the game a lot#unlike Reverse 1999 and/or Genshin Impact that are wish washy about age and character interrelationships#azur lane
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Another one thatās kind of funnyā-this one is funny because I was so confident but so wrong. In Persona 5 you can name the Thieves whatever you want, technically, so I named them āThe Fantomasā after the famous literary criminalā-and I was shocked to find that they never referenced him explicitly in game. That game is so erudite! And so much of the imagery was so obviously āinfluencedā by him (heās very broadly influential, so I thought it was all very coincidental, see)! I thought that was weird.
After I played it I reread the first Fantomas book which I hadnāt done in years and I remembered one of his whole *things* is sending a calling card. So I looked it up, and this is so obvious considering Japanās long-standing interest in French cultureā-something Iām into wrt musicā-but Fantomas has never been huge huge in the US, but again like much of the world heās been known in Japan for a long time. So itās not that they āforgot to referenceā a character who was obscure to me: itās that they thought the reference was so obvious they didnāt need to mention it explicitly. Hilarious and humbling
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One minute into season 2 of Wheel of Time and Iām already shaking my head.
#why are they shitting on a fantastic story#theyāre not even TRYING to follow the books I stg#not everything needs romance!!!!#not everything needs interrelationship drama!!!!!!#please just give me Jordanās OG story#did they give the chosen a daughter wtf?#the wheel of time
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I play Darkest Dungeon 2 in the same way I've played Dwarf Fortress: the world may be hostile and deadly, and there's a good chance everyone will die, but I'm gonna do my level best to keep everyone alive - and, if possible, sane and happy too.
For a world that's been overcome by chaotic magic and evil cults, the game is strangely relaxing!
#darkest dungeon 2#also it turns out if you build up character interrelationships enough they can fall in love#my highwayman and man at arms are in love on my current run#it's the best
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they're all so young
#lavender thoughts#this is why i dont normally backtrack#they're so young and their interrelationships are so unformed....#dweu
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The Potential of Artificial Intelligence to Supplement Human Intelligence
The convergence of human and artificial intelligence (AI) in the modern world is changing how we work, live, and think. While AI is frequently viewed as a disruptive force that could eventually replace people in a variety of jobs, it also has the power to improve human cognition and make us more intelligent, productive, and creative. This blog examines the complex interrelationship betweenĀ artificial intelligenceĀ (AI) and human intellect, focusing on how AI can be a potent tool to enhance and improve human skills.
Knowledge of Human Intelligence`
It's important to define human intelligence before delving into the field of artificial intelligence. Reasoning, problem-solving, creativity, and emotional intelligence are just a few of the many cognitive skills that make up the complex idea of human intelligence.Ā It's what makes us unique from other animals and has made it possible for us to advance technologically, build civilizations, and comprehend the intricacies of the cosmos.
However, intelligence is flexible and may be improved in a number of ways; it is not fixed. Human intellect can be traditionally increased by exposure to new ideas, education, and experience. With its enormous potential, artificial intelligence provides a fresh approach to this improvement.
Using AI as a Cognitive Helper
As a cognitive assistant, AI is one of the most obvious ways it raises human intelligence. AI systems can swiftly sort through enormous volumes of data, evaluate it, and offer insightful conclusions since they are outfitted with strong algorithms and data processing skills. This saves time, but it alsoĀ improves our capacity for making decisions.
1. Analysis of Data
AI can assist professionals in domains like finance and medicine in making more precise investment or diagnosis decisions. AI systems, for instance, are capable of examining medical records and finding trends that human physicians would miss. Similar to this, AI can analyze complicated data in the financial markets to forecast market trends and maximize investment returns.
2. Innovative Support
AI is useful for more than just data analysis; it may also support artistic activities. AI-driven tools, for example, can produce literature, art, and even music. Even though the validity of AI-generated art is still up for debate, it is clear that AI may inspire human creativity and develop novel concepts.
3. Tailored Education
AI-powered learning systems are able to adjust to each student's unique learning demands and style. Students will receive the most pertinent information and support thanks to this personalization of education, which will eventually improve their comprehension of the material and general intelligence.
Solving Issues and Automation
AI's capacity for problem-solving can be used to address challenging problems in a variety of fields. Artificial intelligence (AI) can streamline procedures and provide solutions to issues that would take a great deal of time for humans to find in sectors like engineering and logistics.
1. Design and Engineering
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in engineering may identify structural flaws, optimize and model designs, and increase productivity. Better and safer products are produced as a result, and the process of product development is accelerated.
2. The Supply Chain and Logistics
AI is essential to supply chain operations optimization. It may reduce transportation expenses, forecast demand, and even control inventory, all of which save money and improve the use of available resources.
3. Medical Care
AI in healthcare can help with disease outbreak prediction, treatment plan personalization, and drug discovery. AI-driven analytics combined with human knowledge has the potential to save lives and raise the standard of healthcare.
The Dimension of Ethics
AI has the amazing potential to increase human intelligence, but there are ethical issues with it as well. To make sure that new technologies enhance human intelligence without endangering it, proper usage of AI is crucial.
1. Fairness and Bias
Biases in training data can be inherited by AI systems. It is essential to continuously monitor and modify AI algorithms in order to guarantee fairness and prevent the reinforcement of societal biases.
2. Security and Privacy
Because AI is data-driven, it is important to be vigilant about safeguarding people's security and privacy. Cyber threats such as identity theft and data breaches might result from unauthorized access to AI systems.
3. Loss of Employment
It is reasonable to be concerned that AI will eventually replace human workers. Even if AI can improve human capabilities, the worker still needs to be retrained and upskilled in order to keep up with the ever-evolving labor market.
Combining AI with Human Intelligence
The capacity of AI to collaborate with human intelligence is where its real promise lies. Here are a few instances of how AI and people may work together to produce amazing outcomes:
1. A medical diagnosis
By using AI techniques to evaluate medical photos, doctors can expedite diagnosis and obtain a second opinion. But ultimately, the doctor makes the final call by combining human judgment with AI's analytical prowess.
2. Innovative Creativity
AI is capable of producing concepts, layouts, and melodies, which human artists and designers can then expand upon. When humans and AI work together, new and fascinating things are produced.
3. Instruction
While AI-powered tutors can help students grasp difficult material, teachers offer the human touch required for inspiration and guidance. This combination improves the educational process.
AI and Human Intelligence's Future
Artificial intelligence and human intellect have a dynamic relationship that will only grow in the future. Here are a few noteworthy upcoming developments:
1. BCIs, or brain-computer interfaces
Direct brain-to-computer communication (BCI) is a rapidly developing field. The way we engage with AI could be completely changed by this technology, which makes it possible to incorporate AI skills naturally into human mental processes.
2. Responsible and Ethical AI
The emphasis on developing and using AI in an ethical and responsible manner will grow as these technologies become more integrated into our daily lives. Standards and regulations will be essential in ensuring that AI is applied for the good of humankind.
3. Enhanced Sensations
Artificial Intelligence can improve human sensory perception. For instance, visually challenged people can receive real-time information from visual AI systems, allowing them to "see" the environment differently.
4. Customized Medical Care
AI-powered health tracking and therapy regimens will get more customized. People will be able to take charge of their health and avoid illnesses by using wearable technology and AI algorithms. This will improve peoples' general well-being.
In summary
Instead of being human intelligence's enemy,Ā artificial intelligenceĀ is a potent friend. It may improve our cognitive capacities, empowering us to tackle challenging issues, come to wiser conclusions, and reach new heights of creativity. It's critical to approach AI development and application responsibly, making sure that it enhances rather than replaces human intelligence, in order to fully realize the benefits of AI. The combination of artificial intelligence and human intelligence portends a future full of limitless possibilities for development, advancement, and expansion.
#Benefits of Artificial Intelligence#Human Mental Processes#Reasoning#Complex Interrelationship#Complex Idea#Creativity#Emotional Intelligence#Advancement#Human and Artificial Intelligence#festivals#music#mindfulness#emotionally resilient#healing magic#personal development#relationships#social connectivity#stress#reflection and renewal
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Why must I belong to a small, basically fandomless fandom. I NEED TO TALK ABOUT THEM. I NEED TO TALK ABOUT ALL OF THEM, BUT NONE KNOWS ABOUT THEM AND EVEN IF I TRIED TO TALK ABOUT THEM IT'S NOT LIKE THE MEDIA IS FANDOM FRIENDLY THIS IS THE WORST THIS IS THE ABSOLUTE WORST
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAH
Someone who understands Spanish, isn't too triggered by cis straight white dudes rping as gang members in GTA and is willing to get into a really entertaining twitch series so they can discuss it with me, hit me up
#There's between 500 to 1000 people who watch these dudes and I dont like any of them you know what I'm saying#they are experiencing the show in a very non fandom way and I cant#I need someone who sees it as it is: a group of dudes rping and creating absolutely intricate interrelationships between their own criminal#organisation and other criminal organisations! the police too! even civilians! I. need. to. talk. about. them#I cant believe there's people out there who don't know Matias#THERE'S PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO DON'T KNOW ABOUT MY HATE FOR SABA#THERE'S PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH OF A SNAKE FADO IS#I MEAN COME ON HOW AM I SUPPOSED TO SLEEP#ranting
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godddddd i have disliked becky chambers' work since long way to a small angry planet and I agree that that fish scene is SO much of what is wrong with contemporary SFF especially queer SFF. refreshing take, great review, thank you. would love to hear what authors or works you think of as the antidote to that sensibility.
The thing is, I enjoyed The Long Way to a Small Angry Planet when I first read it - it was a fun, light adventure, clearly a debut novel but I was excited to see where Chambers would go from there. And I actually really do think the sequel, A Closed and Common Orbit, was good! It did interesting things with AI personhood and identity.
... and then Chambers just kinda. Did not get better. She settled into a groove and has a set number of ideas that I feel like she hasn't broken out of, creatively. And they I M O kind of rest on an assumption that "human nature" = "how people act in suburban California."
As an antidote to that sensibility, I'd say... books where people have a real interrelationship with the land they inhabit, a sense of being present, and reciprocal obligations to that land; books that recognize that some things can never be taken back once done; books with well-drawn characters, where people have strong opinions deeply informed by their circumstances, that can't always be easily reconciled with others, and won't be brushed aside; books where these character choices matter, they impact each other, they cannot be easily gotten over, because people have obligations to each other and not-acting is a choice too.
And it's only fair that after all day of being a Hater I should rec some books I really did like.
Piranesi by Susanna Clarke - A man lives alone in an infinite House, over an equally infinite ocean. Captures the feeling that I think Monk & Robot was aiming for. Breathtaking beauty, wonder at the world, philosophy of truth, all that good stuff, and actually sticks the landing. The main character's love, attention, and care to his fantasy environment shows through in every page. (Fantasy, short novel)
Imperial Radch by Ann Leckie - An AI, the one fragment remaining of a destroyed imperial spaceship, is on a quest for revenge. Leckie gets cultural differences and multiculturalism, and conversely, what the imposition of a homogeneous culture in the name of unity means. (Space sci-fi, novel trilogy)
Machineries of Empire by Yoon Ha Lee - An army captain's insubordination is punished by giving her a near-impossible mission: to take down a rebelling, heretical sect holing up in a space fortress and defying imperial power. She gets a long dead brain-ghost of a notorious criminal downloaded into her head to help. Very, very good at making you feel like every doomed soldier was a person with a past, with a family, with feelings, with hopes and dreams and frustrations and favorites and preferences and reasons to live, right before they brutally die in a space war. Also very much about the imposition of homogeneity of culture as a force of imperialism. (Space sci-fi, novel trilogy)
The Fortunate Fall by Cameron Reed - Maya Andreyevna is a VR journalist in high-tech dystopian future Russia, and she decides to investigate the truth that the government doesn't want her to. She might die trying. It's fine. Also has digital brain-sharing, this time in a gay way. It's bleak. It's sad. It feels real. Not making a choice is a choice. Backing out is a choice. And choices have consequences. Choices reverberate through history. About responsibility. (Cyberpunk, novel)
The Vanished Birds by Simon Jimenez - Nia Imani is a spaceship captain, a woman out of time, a woman running from her past, and accidentally adopts a boy who has a strange power that could change the galaxy. Spaceship crew-as-found-family in the most heartbreaking of ways. Also about choices, how the choices you make and refuse to make shape you and shape the world around you. How the world is always changing around you, how the world does not stay still when you're gone, and when you come back you're the same but the world has moved on around you. About how relationships aren't always forever, and that doesn't mean they weren't important. About responsibility to others. It's a slow, sad book and does not let anyone rest on their laurels, ever. There is no end of history here. Everything is always changing, on large scales and small, and leaving you behind. (Space sci-fi, novel)
Dungeon Meshi / Delicious in Dungeon by Ryoko Kui - A D&D style fantasy dungeon crawl that stops to think deeply about why there are so many dungeons full of monsters and treasure just hanging around. Here because it's an example of an author thinking through her worldbuilding a lot, and it mattering. Also because of the characters' respect for the animals they are are killing and eating, their lives and their place in the ecosystem, and the ways that humans both fuck up ecosystems with extraction and tourism, but also the ways that you can have reciprocal relationships of responsibility and care with the ecosystem you live in, even if it's considered a dangerous one. (Fantasy, manga series)
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang and How Long 'Til Black Future Month by N. K. Jemisin and Everyone on the Moon is Essential Personnel by Julian K. Jarboe - Short story anthologies that were SO good and SO weird and rewired the way I think. If you want the kind of stuff that is like, the opposite of easy-to-digest feel-good pap, these short stories will get into your brain and make you consider stuff and look at the world from new angles. Most of them aren't particularly upbeat, but there's a lot of variety in the moods.
"Homecoming is Just Another Word for the Sublimation of the Self," "Calf Cleaving in the Benthic Black," and "Termination Stories for the Cyberpunk Dystopia Protagonist" by Isabel J. Kim - Short stories, sci-fi mostly, that twist around in my head and make me think. Kim is very good at that. Also about choices and not-making-choices, about going and staying, about taking the easy route or the hard one, about controlling the narrative.
The Murderbot Diaries by Martha Wells - Security robot with guns in its arms hacks itself free from its oppressive company, mostly wants to half-ass its job but gets sucked into drama, intrigue, and caring against its better judgement. This is on here because 1) I love it 2) I feel like it does for me what cozy sff so frequently fails to do - it makes me feel seen and comforted. It's hopeful and compassionate and about personal growth and finding community and finding one's place in the world, without brushing aside all problems or acting like "everybody effortlessly just gets along" is a meaningful proposal. also 3) because it is one of the few times I have yet seen characters from a hippie, pacifistic, eco-friendly, welcoming, utopian society actually act like people. The humans from Preservation are friendly, helpful, and motivated by truth and justice and compassion, because they come from a friendly, just, compassionate society, and they still actually act like real human beings with different personalities and conflicting opinions and poor reactions to stress and anger and frustration and fear and the whole range of human emotions rather than bland niceness. Also 4) I love it (space sci-fi, novella series mostly)
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Ecology is one of those disciplines where there is just so, so much we don't understand yet. Yes, we know that the many species within a given ecosystem have a widespread, complex network of interrelationships, but we only have the barest understanding of a fraction of them. It's like having a symphony where you've heard everyone playing, but you only have some notes from some of the musicians' sheet music, and so you can't yet put together how it all works.
In this case, we're seeing just how important northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) are to their ecosystems. After the devastating eruption of Lawetlat'la/Loowit/Mt. St. Helens in May 1980, the land was left burned and covered in tons of ash and tephra. While some zones further out from the mountain were replanted by timber companies, the area directly around the eruption site has been allowed to recover naturally because this offers North American scientists an unprecedented chance to see how an ecosystem recovers after such a large eruption, at a place that is easily accessible.
When a small number of gophers were returned to an ash-covered area of the mountain for just twenty-four hours in 1982, they kicked off what would be a forty-year study in ecological resilience. In areas with no gophers, there were only a few struggling plants born from seeds transported by birds, while in places where the little mammals were able to burrow and turn over dirt, scientists found 40,000 individual plants. This was due to the fact that the gophers were able to free soil fungi and other microbes beneath the ash and give them a chance to repopulate closer to the surface where they normally would be found. In turn, seeds of plants that had mycorrhizal relationships with the fungi, or which otherwise benefited from the increased microbial biodiversity, flourished.
And forty years later, the pattern still stands, with the gophers' work reverberating to this day. If one small mammal can have such a profound effect in a miniscule amount of time, imagine what happens when we reintroduce extirpated species to other eplaces. The volcanic area may be left to repopulate naturally as scientists continue to study it, but there are countless badly damaged ecosystems in need of restoration. The results of this experiment clearly support the importance of returning as many native species to an ecosystem as possible, because even those that may seem insignificant have invaluable contributions to make to the whole.
#nature#wildlife#animals#ecology#environment#science#conservation#scicomm#pnw#pacific northwest#Mt. St. Helens#Lawetlat'la#Loowit#habitat restoration#restoration ecology#gophers#Washington#good news
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A lot of the stuff in your version of TFP, is kind of giving beastars, the carnivore and herbivore interrelationship kind of vibe. with both species need to have a full understanding of one another.

Thereās a lot of misunderstandings when youāre dealing with different species/cultures and I like playing up those moments

Broken Arrow Pt 17
TFP Megatron x Reader
ā¢ Blowing out a breath as you ignore his blatant staring, you dangle your feet into the heated bath tub youād convinced him to get the Vehicons to build for you. Though really, itās more a pool than anything else. Pushing your plush robe off and fiddling with your jingly harness to undo it, you hear his low, predatory growl and pointedly ignore it. Know the tub was a bribe to get back in your good graces after heād decided to asset dominance by petting you in front of all of his subordinates while sitting on his stupid throne. Or maybe that had just been him trying to make everyone around him uncomfortable for his amusement.
ā¢ Rumbling as you lean to drop your harness onto the floor, you push off into the water without even acknowledging him. Still angry and embarrassed about before. Itāll take some time to get you to understand that youāre his. You shouldnāt care what his underlings think, because their opinions donāt matter when it comes to you. Eventually, youāll allow him to fully bond you. Resting an arm against the counter your little tub is on, he watches the way you move in the water, the way you can twist and bend. And breaking the surface for air, you frown at him when he dabbles his claws in the water. āDo you need something?ā You demand, treading water. Primus, that tone of your goes right through him. The challenge in it stringing him tight because it demands a reaction.
ā¢ Grinning to bare those sharp denta at you, thereās no denying the thrill of provoking him on purpose even though you know heāll eventually bite. Heat and interest coiling you tight despite yourself when he vaults up onto the counter, mass shifting and studies your pool. He wouldnāt come in. He canāt. His metal butt will sink like a big, pointy rock. Clawed servos gripping the edge, he hauls himself over and drops in with you, sloshing water over the side of the tub. And you retreat to the far end, eyes narrowed and trying not to crack up, because heās standing, but the water is deep enough only his grinning mouth up is showing. Like the worldās ugliest crocodile.
ā¢ Youāre much less confidant now, treading water as far from him as you can get. Stalking after you, heās slower in the water and you tense until heās almost close enough to grab you before you dive underneath and swim away. Making him work to capture you. Patiently tracking you and following, aware that youāre trying so hard not to smile. That you want to be caught. āYouāre too slow,ā you taunt, growing more confident that he canāt catch you. And heās going to pin you to the wall of your tub and frag you until you canāt move once he gets his servos on you. Youāre faster, but he doubts you have the stamina to keep darting around like that forever.
ā¢ Cracking up when he just grins at you and patiently follows, his expression is almost playful. Youāve seen him tease you before, but this feels different. Heās enjoying this game. Hunting you like prey appealing to some part of him and you know what heāll do when he gets those big hands on you. That grin of his is a promise and a threat. Realizing something is very messed up with you for wanting to be caught by him. To feel him inside you, almost too rough, too wild. To feel those sharp denta leave another careful mark on your skin. Breath hitching, you dive to avoid him and slide your thigh against his leg flirting with danger and barely getting away before he can grab for you.
Previous
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Illuminated GospelāAmhara region, Ethiopia, late 14th to 15th century
Via the Met: "This illuminated manuscript of the Four Gospels was created at a monastic center in northern Ethiopia. Twenty full-page paintings depict scenes from the life of Christ and four portraits of the evangelists introduce the respective Gospel texts. The New Testament was translated from Greek into Geez, the classical language of Ethiopia, in the sixth century. Both this text and its pictorial format draw upon Byzantine prototypes, which were transformed into a local idiom of expression. Stylistically consistent, the paintings reflect the hands of two distinct artists. The color scheme consists of red, yellow, green, and blue. A stylized uniformity is reflected in the abbreviated definition of facial features and the bold linear articulation of the human form in black and red. Figures' heads are depicted frontally, their bodies often in profile. Bodies are treated as columnar masses encased in textiles composed of striated fields juxtaposed against one another.
This work is evidence of sub-Saharan Africa's historically complex interrelationships with Arabia, Egypt, and the eastern Mediterranean. The origins of civilization in Highlands Ethiopia can be traced to the sixth century B.C.E., when emigrants from Arabia merged with indigenous groups to develop the kingdom of Aksum. In the fourth century C.E., scholars from Alexandria converted the Ethiopian king Ezana, and Christianity became the official religion of a state that endured until modern times. Over the centuries, as the Ethiopian state expanded, monasteries were founded as centers of learning responsible for disseminating knowledge and consolidating the power and influence of the monarchy. In the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, the text of the Gospels was considered the most important holy writing; the miniatures at the beginning of this manuscript were intended to be viewed during liturgical processions. Such works were frequently presented to churches by distinguished patrons; they reflected both the prestige of royal benefactors and the erudition of the monastic scriptoria in which they were created. Recent research suggests that a member of Ethiopia's ruling elite may have commissioned this manuscript at Dabra Hayg Estifanos monastery for presentation to his or her favored church or monastery. Brief notations indicate that the church in question was dedicated to the Archangel Michael."
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