#fmd

[karanliktangelenkiz]

Öylesine güzel bir gökyüzünün altında bu kadar kötü insan nasıl yaşayabiliyordu?

~ Beyaz Geceler, Fyodor Mihailoviç Dostoyevski

[fatemoonsdoll]

Reading before go to bed

[chronically-jinx]

wishing I could politely explain to my immune system that we've eaten probably over 1000 of the same meatball sub, we are not allergic. it's being a drama queen.

[anxiously-avoiding]

If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop. If I was faking I could make it stop.

[obfuscated-abstract]

Title: Hypermobility in patients with functional seizures: Toward a pathobiological understanding of complex conditions

Date: May 2022 Published in: Epilepsy & Behavior Publicly available: Yes

Citation: Koreki, A., Eccles, J., Garfinkel, S., Critchley, H., Cope, S., Agrawal, N., Edwards, M., & Yogarajah, M. (2022). Hypermobility in patients with functional seizures: Toward a pathobiological understanding of complex conditions. Epilepsy & Behavior, 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108710

Abbreviations:

BS: Beighton scale

CBT: cognitive behavioural treatment

FND: functional neurological disorder

FS: functional seizures

PNES: psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Article Summary

Abstract

Introduction

Functional seizures (FS) also known as psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are episodes of altered awareness that resemble epileptic seizures or syncope but are not explained by these or other medical disorders. These are a common presentation in neurology and epilepsy clinics.

FS are associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as significant healthcare costs.

A current treatment is cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT) but this, and focussing on psychological comorbidities like anxiety and depression do not show definitive success. Recent research is centred around the interface between psychiatry and neurology in the case of FS

Join hypermobility (varied along a spectrum that includes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome at its extreme) has been associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders including in a recent evaluation of a functional neurological disorder (FND) clinic which reported significant levels of hypermobility among patients, prompting this further investigation.

Methods

Diagnosis of FS made using the International League Against Epilepsy diagnostic criteria. Joint hypermobility was assessed using the Beighton Scale (BS).

Anxiety and depression were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory

Results

Detailed results and statistical interpretation are given here. Hypermobility was significantly associated with FS independent of potentially confounding factors.

Figure 1 shows a plot supporting these findings

Discussion

Notwithstanding the selective nature of the study population, the results suggest that joint hypermobility is more frequently observed in patients with FS.

Since the study contained significantly more women (and joint hypermobility is more common in women), the prevalence of joint hypermobility was more common in the comparison group than the general population and the prevalence among patients with FS was even higher.

The results were significant even after controlling for anxiety and depression, suggesting that joint hypermobility is an independent likelihood factor for FS.

Differences in autonomic control , interoception, and brain structure which are associated with joint hypermobility may predispose patients to FS but more research is required to replicate these results and investigate the implications of this result on screening, diagnosis, and treatment of these patients.

Limitations to this study include that the examination was not blinded to whether the patient belonged to the FS or comparison group, and that other potential confounding factors such as occupation or chronic illness were not analysed (due to lack of information)

[theyellowrosecollective]

All about US!

𝙱𝙰𝚂𝙸𝙲 𝙸𝙽𝙵𝙾

ℕ𝕒𝕞𝕖: Hades

𝔸𝕘𝕖: 21

𝕊𝕖𝕩𝕦𝕒𝕝𝕚𝕥𝕪: 🩷💛💙

ℝ𝕠𝕞𝕒𝕟𝕥𝕚𝕔 𝕒𝕥𝕥𝕣𝕒𝕔𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟: 🩷💛💙

𝕊𝕥𝕒𝕥𝕦𝕤: Very Taken but poly! (Engaged)

𝔾𝕖𝕟𝕕𝕖𝕣: Transmasc (He/him/his)

𝙿𝙴𝚁𝚂𝙾𝙽𝙰𝙻𝙸𝚃𝚈

ℙ𝕖𝕣𝕤𝕠𝕟𝕒𝕝𝕚𝕥𝕪 𝕥𝕪𝕡𝕖: Easy going, cozy, empathetic

𝕃𝕚𝕜𝕖𝕤: organization, lofi music, video games, reading, nature, cooking, crafts

𝔻𝕚𝕤𝕝𝕚𝕜𝕖𝕤: messy spaces, unjustified emotions/actions, loud noises

𝔻𝕞 𝕗𝕣𝕚𝕖𝕟𝕕𝕝𝕪: Yes

𝕋𝕣𝕦𝕤��𝕚𝕟𝕘: ish... it takes time.

𝕋𝕣𝕦𝕤𝕥𝕒𝕓𝕝𝕖: Yes

𝕃𝕚𝕜𝕒𝕓𝕝𝕖: Depends

𝕋𝕒𝕥𝕥𝕠𝕠𝕤: Yes (wolf w/ moon, virgo symbol, a cactus)

ℙ𝕚𝕖𝕣𝕔𝕚𝕟𝕘𝕤: Yes (ears but I rarely wear them)

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕗𝕠𝕠𝕕: Family Recipie Pasta

𝕊𝕔𝕒𝕣𝕤: Yes (please do not ask)

𝙴𝚇𝚃𝚁𝙰

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕓𝕒𝕟𝕕: not a band but very into Epic the musical right now

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕔𝕠𝕝𝕠𝕦𝕣: Greens/Forrest colors

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕒𝕟𝕚𝕞𝕒𝕝: Wolves

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕤𝕠𝕟𝕘: Cringe - Stripped by Matt Maeson

𝔽𝕒𝕧𝕠𝕦𝕣𝕚𝕥𝕖 𝕥𝕙𝕚𝕟𝕘 𝕥𝕠 𝕕𝕠: hang with my partner, smoke and play video games

Diagnosed with: BPD, DID, ADHD, Autism, Depression, Anxiety, FND/FMD, PNES, POTS, IBS, gender dysphoria, and CFS and some other stuff too

Exploring: Fibromialgia, MCAS, and some other stuff mental and physical health wise

[bunnymint98]

Fatemoons/Fatestars 1/6 Pinecone/Song Guo

Height without head: 23.3cm

Head circumference:17.5cm

Neck circumference :5cm

Shoulder width:4.5cm

Chest circumference: 9.9cm

Waist circumference:9.3cm

Hip circumference:15.2cm

Thigh circumference:9.4cm

Calf circumference:6.3cm

Leg length:14.5cm

Foot length:3.5cm

Foot width: 2cm

[thedarkjotun]

Somehow all but maybe 2 of the saddest songs on my Spotify Liked have ended up on Sebastian's playlist and now I have a list of angsty prompts scribbled embarrassingly messily in my notebook

[labvet]

Today in vet school:

*start of a foot and mouth disease outbreak activity*

Professor: Who has the “I” card? Stand up!

Friend 1 stands up

Professor: Who has the vet cards? Come down here!

Friend 2 stands up

Friend 1: You have to fix me

Friend 2: Oh no

Friend 1: Just cull me

Friend 2: That was my plan

[fatemoonsdoll]

haha, hope you like this little dragon~

[chronically-jinx]

me anytime there isn't a clear path to an exit, so I have to wiggle worm through people while trying not to have a panic attack

extremely fucked up that the only way out is through

[chronically-jinx]

every time I go into the doctor and they tell me about the 1 in 1 million chance reaction to a medication:

no, you don't understand dude. I am spiders georg. it will be happening specifically to me or my body will find a New and Fucked Up way to react to this medication that shouldn't even happen.

[anxiously-avoiding]

Reminding my body that since my arms hurt, the problem can be solved by stimming with my feet. My brain has accepted this, but unfortunately it still doesn’t know how to communicate with my body so my hands are still flappy and everything hurts and all of this is because someone had to be so thorough when they made sure I understood effective communication that they forgot to make sure my brain could communicate effectively with my muscles and nerves.

[keepdiettips]

Discover the benefits and science behind the fasting mimicking diet. Learn how this innovative approach can promote weight loss, improve health.

[myriadghost26]

" Why can't it be in this lifetime? "

The question I have in my head, should we have met much earlier in life and fell in love, would things be different?

I hate that I have to let you go, i hate that you can't choose me, i don't want you to be just a part of my memories. I don't want you to forget about me. I'm selfish went comes to you, i don't want my place in your heart be taken by anyone else. I wanna feel everything with you.

I have so much more to say, many word left unsaid, many thoughts spiraling in my head. But still can't answer "why can't it be in this lifetime"

[vetnationpharma]

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and deer. The disease is caused by the FMD virus, which comes in seven different serotypes, making it a complex challenge for control and eradication. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial in managing FMD outbreaks. Treatment for foot and mouth disease in animals typically involves supportive care to alleviate symptoms, such as providing soft feed, ensuring adequate hydration, and administering pain relief. Additionally, controlling the spread through quarantine measures, vaccination, and culling of infected and at-risk animals is essential in managing the disease effectively.

Symptoms of Foot and Mouth Disease

Would you like to add more details about the symptoms or treatment for Foot and Mouth Disease in animals?

Fever

Blisters on the tongue, lips, and between the hooves

Lameness

Drooling

Loss of appetite

Weight loss