#efta

[risabi]

oh yea characters from my comic

[migratorybirdday]

Embrace the theme ''Protect Insects, Protect Birds''. Together, we can make our planet a safer place for insects, and thus birds.

Environment for the Americas Director, Susan Bonfield, welcomes us to World Migratory Bird Day. Watch the statement of the EFTA Director for Americas!

[realpeterabell]

Scotland in Europe

We look even-handedly at Scotland’s objectives in applying to join the EU or EFTA on becoming independent and compare the benefits and drawbacks of each course of action.

Should an Independent Scotland seek to join the EU,or does EFTA provide a more appropriate and viable alternative? Prepared by Geoff Bush for SSRG and Independence Forum Scotland ABSTRACT This paper was written in order to more fully inform the debate about whether Scotland should apply for membership of the EU or the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) on becoming an independent country.…

[albatross133]

Freedom of Movement: Myths and Realization

Continue reading Untitled

[smestreet]

High-Level Delegations from India and EFTA Meet to Boost Bilateral Trade and Partnership

Ministers and high-level representatives from India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) States (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland) gathered to discuss the prospects of resuming their negotiations towards a Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA). The high-level delegations were composed of Shri Piyush Goyal, Minister of Commerce & Industry, Consumer Affairs & Food…

[adolfosuarez-consejerias]

Exportaciones. Publicaciones 2023.

[daandyli0n]

(warning for eye contact and potential eyestrain)

my babies :]

these are some ocs of mine from a story i'm calling "Eyes From the Arcade"!

it is. inspired by Fnaf, but!! it is my own thing :]

pronouns!

- Daisy: she/they

- Jayden/Bunnie: she/it/bun (the latter two mostly used by me, although Jayden is occasionally referred to with it/its in the story)

- Sammie: she/he (transfem)

- Nicky: they/he/it/she (transmasc agender, or "whatever's funniest/most convenient")

@that-darn-clown @docterzerocare :]

[daandyli0n]

yeah!! the beloveds!!

like their dynamic is literally "Golden Retriever x Sopping Wet Cat."

Helen is the golden retriever.

another fun fact for you: Gabe trips a lot (bad balance + is generally clumsy).

one time he tripped in front of her and she just. causally picked him up. carried him around for a few minutes.

He Was Very Normal About It.

i thought of something Hilarious with EFtA.

so like. Helen and Gabriel, right? the beloveds. the sweethearts.

i think it's gonna be funny, if a lot of people get interested in this thing of mine, if people just. thought those two were your regular run of the mill straight couple. like just regular guy and woman.

like Tall Strong Lady and her short, kinda grumpy boyfriend? yeah yeah, we've seen this before. just regular m/f couple, right?

WRONG. THEY'RE TRANS. T4T.

and then the next thought is "Oh, Well, They Must Be Straight Trans People, Right?"

WRONG AGAIN, THEY'RE BOTH BISEXUAL. BI4BI, BESTIES.

like i can almost see it happening.

and it'll be hilarious if it does.

I love this. WRONG!!!! EPIC T4T BI4BI BLAST!!!!!!!!!

[kdrtsz]

Travel the World of Imagination: Journeys Beyond Border

Kieth Denmark M. Retes | BSIT1A OVERVIEW:

Switzerland originates from the Old Swiss Confederacy established in the Late Middle Ages, following a series of military successes against Austria and Burgundy; the Federal Charter of 1291 is considered the country's founding document. Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was formally recognized in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. Switzerland has maintained a policy of armed neutrality since the 16th century and has not fought an international war since 1815. It joined the United Nations only in 2002 but pursues an active foreign policy that includes frequent involvement in peace building.

Switzerland is the birthplace of the Red Cross and hosts the headquarters or offices of most major international institutions including the WTO, the WHO, the ILO, FIFA, the WEF, and the UN. It is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), but not part of the European Union (EU), the European Economic Area, or the eurozone; however, it participates in the European single market and the Schengen Area. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. references: Switzerland - Wikipedia

Switzerland, a small yet influential country nestled in the heart of Europe, stands out in many ways. From its awe-inspiring landscapes to its unique political system, Switzerland offers a blend of natural beauty, cultural diversity, and global diplomacy that few other nations can match. Its distinct character is a product of centuries of neutrality, innovation, and a deep respect for its heritage, all of which contribute to the nation’s unparalleled reputation on the world stage.

One of the first things that captivates visitors to Switzerland is its breathtaking scenery. The country is dominated by the majestic Alps, with towering snow-capped peaks that attract adventurers and nature lovers from around the globe. Whether it’s skiing in world-class resorts like Zermatt and St. Moritz or hiking through verdant valleys and along crystal-clear lakes, Switzerland offers outdoor experiences that are hard to rival. Beyond the Alps, the country is dotted with picturesque towns, lush meadows, and sparkling lakes, such as Lake Geneva and Lake Lucerne, each offering their own unique charm. The country's commitment to environmental preservation further enhances the beauty of these landscapes, ensuring that they remain pristine for future generations.

Swiss culture is characterized by diversity, which is reflected in diverse traditional customs. A region may be in some ways culturally connected to the neighbouring country that shares its language, all rooted in western European culture. The linguistically isolated Romansh culture in Graubünden in eastern Switzerland constitutes an exception. It survives only in the upper valleys of the Rhine and the Inn and strives to maintain its rare linguistic tradition.

Switzerland is home to notable contributors to literature, art, architecture, music and sciences. In addition, the country attracted creatives during times of unrest or war. Some 1000 museums are found in the country.

Among the most important cultural performances held annually are the Paléo Festival, Lucerne Festival, the Montreux Jazz Festival, the Locarno International Film Festival and Art Basel.

Alpine symbolism played an essential role in shaping Swiss history and the Swiss national identity. Many alpine areas and ski resorts attract visitors for winter sports as well as hiking and mountain biking in summer. The quieter seasons are spring and autumn. A traditional pastoral culture predominates in many areas, and small farms are omnipresent in rural areas. Folk art is nurtured in organisations across the country. Switzerland most directly in appears in music, dance, poetry, wood carving, and embroidery. The alphorn, a trumpet-like musical instrument made of wood has joined yodeling and the accordion as epitomes of traditional Swiss music.

references: Switzerland - Wikipedia

[didalexiabreakupwitholgaisback]

Hi do you mind explaining how it works with Barça only being allowed two non European players? Is that a Liga F rule or from somewhere else? And what counts as Europe exactly because I know Walsh and Roebuck are the two right now but geographically England is in Europe, including for official competitions like the Euros and Champion’s League? And it can’t be the EU because Norway and Switzerland aren’t in the EU but we also have Engen, Graham Hansen, and Schertenlieb. Thank you 🙏

Also a bit curious why that rule exists in the first place to be honest, if you happen to know

hi! well, first, let's talk history. most of the top leagues around the world have rules that restrict the number of foreign players on their rosters in order to promote the development of domestic talent. it also stops rich owners from filling their teams with the best international talent from around the world and is another way of pushing investment into local youth academies, etc.

for liga f specifically, the rule is that liga f teams are limited to five non-EU (foreign players) . the number was temporarily reduced to 3 non-EU players for this season, but it looks like an agreement with CSD may keep the number to 5 non-EU players as part of the 25 licensed players per squad for the next three seasons per mundo deportivo.

norway is part of the EEA agreement, which allows norway and some other non-EU countries to participate in the labour market. therefore, they should not be counted against the non-EU limit. (as an aside, i wonder if caro has gotten her spanish citizenship yet. 🤔)

switzerland is a european free trade area (EFTA) country and i believe they are in the same situation so amc and schertenleib would not count against our cap.

so in the past, if you exclude the norwegian and swiss players, it was only walsh, oshoala and geyse who were our 'foreign' players (lucy bronze counted as eu with her portuguese passport). and now it's just walsh and roebuck.

also fun fact: hayley raso actually cited this liga f rule in her goodbye post from real madrid last season.

[ruddentropptabornok]

Az elektromos autóknak vége

olvasom már fél éve mindenhol. Az "autóipari/piaci szakértők" már a dugaljakat is kiszerelték a falból, felhintették sóval az akkugyárak helyét, és réztáblába vésették, hogy mindenki hülye, aki az elektrifikációra fogadott. És valóban igaz, hogy Európában a elektromos autók értékesítése földbe állt az elmúlt pár hónapban (amit ehhez elfelejtenek hozzátenni, hogy a belsőégésűeké is). Szép számok: https://fb.watch/uA6E3LQqBv/ De a világ nem csak Európából áll: https://www.portfolio.hu/gazdasag/20240913/uj-rekord-kinaban-egy-honap-alatt-tobb-mint-egymillio-elektromos-es-hibrid-autot-adtak-el-709641 hogyaszongya: "A teljesen elektromos és plug-in hibrid autók globális értékesítése augusztusban éves szinten 20 százalékkal nőtt, a kínai rekordmagas eladásoknak köszönhetően, és annak ellenére, hogy Európában 33 százalékos volt a visszaesés, írja a Rho Motion piackutató. ... Világszerte ötödével több, összesen 9,8 millió elektromos és hibrid autót adtak el az idei első 8 hónapban. A számok régiónként így néznek ki:

Globálisan: 9,8 millió, +20%.

Kína: 6 millió, +33%.

EU & EFTA & UK: 1,9 millió, -4%

USA és Kanada: 1,1 millió, +9%

Egyéb régiók: 0,8 millió, +29% Hát így...

[fanficfish]

i really want to see Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, and Liechtenstein stuck in a conference room together for EFTA stuff solely on the fact you have two overbearing older siblings, Liechtensteinw who just follows Switzerland's lead, and Iceland who just wanted to sleep in but dammit whose idea was it to have the meeting before 10 in the morning-

[mariacallous]

As expectations mount over the prospect of fresh peace talks in 2025 to end Russia’s war in Ukraine, the idea of Ukraine’s possible Finlandization has once again resurfaced. Finnish officials have been quick to reject such suggestions, warning that forcing neutrality on Ukraine “will not bring about a peaceful solution to the crisis with Russia.”

The mood of skepticism in Helsinki is understandable. While there are some superficial similarities between the position Ukraine currently finds itself in and Finland’s predicament during the Cold War, any attempt to emulate the Finlandization policies of an earlier era would be disastrous for Ukraine.

Despite spending much of the past twenty years since the 2004 Orange Revolution pursuing Euro-Atlantic integration, Ukraine is still often incorrectly portrayed as a country occupying a geopolitical buffer zone between East and West. This is familiar to Finns, whose own country was condemned to similar geopolitical limbo during the Cold War.

Finland successfully defended its sovereignty during World War II and was not forced to become a Soviet republic. However, this was followed by the 1948 Friendship Treaty between Finland and the USSR, which established the framework for what has since come to be known as Finlandization.

For more than four decades, Finlandization served as a survival strategy for Finnish independence. In practice, this meant voluntarily taking the interests of the neighboring Soviet Union into account, both in terms of foreign and domestic policy. This approach enabled the Finns to avoid the experience of Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968, but the costs were nevertheless considerable. Indeed, Finlandization went far beyond mere neutrality and negatively impacted Finland for almost half a century.

The postwar treaty that served as the basis for Finlandization stipulated that Finnish defense policy should focus exclusively on defending the country against possible attack from the west, despite the fact that a renewed Soviet invasion from the east was clearly far more likely. As a result, Finnish officials had to exercise extreme caution when addressing the security of the country’s eastern border.

Finland was also de facto obliged to seek Moscow’s consent before embarking on any efforts to increase political or economic cooperation with the West. This prevented Helsinki from participating in the initial stages of European integration. Instead, Finland was limited to membership of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). This was viewed by the Kremlin as being sufficiently apolitical, as long as it did not disrupt the so-called “eastern trade” with the USSR as a result.

Domestically, Finlandization meant a series of restrictions and compromises on core democratic standards. Self-censorship was imposed throughout the Finnish media and information space in order to avoid any open criticism of the USSR. Finns also accepted more than two decades without any changes in the country’s leadership, as Finnish President Urho Kekkonen was regarded as an irreplaceable figure for continued good relations with Moscow. In light of these realities, it is easy to understand why the term “Finlandization” is regarded as derogatory by many Finns, who see it as a reminder of an era remembered with bitterness.

There are also solid geographical reasons why Finlandization is not a good fit for the modern Ukrainian context. Finland’s status during the Cold War was intertwined with the broader security climate across the Nordic region. Neighboring Sweden remained neutral in part due to the “Finnish question,” with Stockholm concerned that joining NATO would leave their Finnish neighbors in jeopardy as the lone buffer state. This could potentially have created the conditions for the Soviet Union to make another attempt at occupying Finland.

Until the end of the Cold War era, Swedish policies of neutrality and Norway’s self-imposed restrictions on the presence of NATO troops or nuclear weapons on their territory were directly linked to the fate of Finland. This Nordic balancing act created an environment where the USSR was incentivized to maintain the status quo rather than risk an escalation in regional tensions if it increased pressure on Finland. This very specific set of circumstances does not apply to Ukraine. Instead, enforced neutrality would leave Ukraine highly vulnerable to further Russian aggression.

The Finlandization of Ukraine would not guarantee Ukraine’s survival as it once safeguarded Finnish independence. Today’s Ukraine cannot be expected to accept any restrictions on its ability to guard its borders, form alliances, or defend itself against Russian aggression. Likewise, any attempt to impose the kind of domestic political compromises that were part of the Finnish model during the Cold War could prove fatal for Ukraine’s democracy and European aspirations.

Anyone who is genuinely interested in finding the right formula for Ukraine should look beyond the Cold War period and focus instead on Finland’s experience since 1991. During the past three decades, Finnish integration into the Western world has demonstrated that geopolitical perceptions can change over time. Finland has proved conclusively that geography alone does not determine a country’s fate.

Finland has now joined both the European Union and NATO, and is firmly anchored within the core institutions of the Euro-Atlantic community. This is the kind of Finnish model that could actually work for postwar Ukraine. As Finnish Prime Minister Petteri Orpo commented in November, “Finland is a member of NATO and the EU. We support Ukraine in its fight against Russia’s aggression. This is the model the Ukrainians are fighting for.”

[elguritch-art]

300 Twitter Followers Raffle!

I've hit 300 followers on Twitter/X today, and I'm hosting a raffle for it!

Folks can enter either on Twitter, or here on Tumblr by doing the exact same steps:

Follow

Like

Reblog

If I end up with 350 followers on Twitter/X before the raffle ends, I'll add a 2nd place winner and add a third prize option (Rendered Image) for the 1st place winner!!

Prizes Below:

Option 1: Custom Reference Sheet

Comes With:

1 Fullbody

Color Palette

Eye Reference

3 Small Add-Ons (Alt. Eye views, teeth reference, weapon reference, headshots, ect.)

Can be of an existing OC you want a lovely new sheet for, or a totally brand new custom OC design by myself! (Visual references of some kind required (Pinterest moodboards count!))

Option 2: 12x18" Rainbow Monster Lustre Art Print

One 12"x18" Rainbow Monster Art Print of your choice, shipped to your location free of charge!

Locations I can ship to:

USA

Europe

UK

EFTA States

Canada

Australia/New Zeland

Japan

Brazil

Worldwide

[prapasara]

หนังสือเดินทางลิกเตนสไตน์ - Liechtenstein passport

ลิกเตนสไตน์ หนังสือเดินทาง จะออกให้กับคนชาติของ ลิกเตนสไตน์ เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการเดินทางระหว่างประเทศ นอกเหนือจากการใช้เป็นหลักฐานยืนยันการเป็นพลเมืองของลิกเตนสไตน์แล้วยังอำนวยความสะดวกในกระบวนการขอความช่วยเหลือ เจ้าหน้าที่กงสุลลิกเตนสไตน์ ต่างประเทศ (หรือ ภารกิจของสวิตเซอร์แลนด์ ในกรณีที่ไม่มีตัวแทนประเทศลิกเตนสไตน์).

หนังสือเดินทางพร้อมกับ บัตรประจำตัวประชาชนลิกเตนสไตน์ อนุญาตให้ใช้ เสรีภาพในการเคลื่อนไหว ในรัฐใดของ EFTA, EEA และ ประเทศอังกฤษ. เนื่องจากลิกเตนสไตน์เป็นประเทศสมาชิกของ EFTAและโดยอาศัยอำนาจของมันยังเป็นสมาชิกของ เขตเศรษฐกิจยุโรป (EEA) และเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ เขตเชงเก้น.

หนังสือเดินทางของลิกเตนสไตน์เป็นสีน้ำเงินพร้อมกับ ตราแผ่นดินของลิกเตนสไตน์ ประดับอยู่ตรงกลาง คำว่า "FÜRSTENTUM LIECHTENSTEIN" ถูกจารึกไว้เหนือแขนเสื้อโดยมี "REISEPASS" และเครื่องหมายสากล หนังสือเดินทางไบโอเมตริกซ์ สัญลักษณ์ด้านล่าง

ผลของการเป็นพลเมืองของลิกเตนสไตน์

พลเมืองของลิกเตนสไตน์ได้รับอนุญาตให้อาศัยอยู่ในสวิตเซอร์แลนด์ นอกจากนี้ในฐานะสมาชิกของไฟล์ เขตเศรษฐกิจยุโรป (EEA) พลเมืองของลิกเตนสไตน์ได้รับอนุญาตให้พำนักในรัฐสมาชิก EEA

พลเมืองของประเทศสมาชิก EEA ซึ่งประกอบด้วย สหภาพยุโรป และสามในสี่ สมาคมการค้าเสรีแห่งยุโรป รัฐ (ไอซ์แลนด์, ลิกเตนสไตน์และ นอร์เวย์) มีอิสระในการเดินทางและทำงานในประเทศ EEA โดยไม่ต้องมี วีซ่าแม้ว่าการจัดการชั่วคราว อาจ จำกัด ส��ทธิของพลเมืองของประเทศสมาชิกใหม่ในการทำงานในประเทศอื่น

ข้อกำหนดของวีซ่า

ข้อกำหนดในการขอวีซ่าสำหรับพลเมืองลิกเตนสไตน์

ณ เดือนมีนาคม 2020 พลเมืองลิกเตนสไตน์ปลอดวีซ่าหรือขอวีซ่าเมื่อเดินทางมาถึง 178 ประเทศและดินแดนโดยจัดอันดับ หนังสือเดินทางลิกเตนสไตน์ อันดับที่ 13 ในแง่ของเสรีภาพในการเดินทางโดยรวมและต่ำสุดของ EFTA รัฐสมาชิกตาม ดัชนีหนังสือเดินทางของ Henley.

ในปี 2560 สัญชาติลิกเตนสไตน์อยู่ในอันดับที่สิบสี่ ดัชนีสัญชาติ (QNI) ดัชนีนี้แตกต่างจาก ดัชนีข้อ จำกัด ของวีซ่าซึ่งมุ่งเน้นไปที่ปัจจัยภายนอกรวมถึงเสรีภาพในการเดินทาง นอกจากนี้ QNI ยังพิจารณาถึงเสรีภาพในการเดินทางด้วยปัจจัยภายในเช่นสันติภาพและเสถียรภาพความเข้มแข็งทางเศรษฐกิจและการพัฒนามนุษย์ด้วย 

ในฐานะที่เป็นประเทศสมาชิกของ สมาคมการค้าเสรีแห่งยุโรป (EFTA) พลเมืองลิกเตนสไตน์มีเสรีภาพในการเคลื่อนไหวเพื่ออาศัยและทำงานในประเทศ EFTA อื่น ๆ ตามอนุสัญญา EFTA  ยิ่งไปกว่านั้นโดยอาศัยการเป็นสมาชิกของลิกเตนสไตน์ของ เขตเศรษฐกิจยุโรป (EEA) พลเมืองลิกเตนสไตน์ยังมีเสรีภาพในการเคลื่อนไหวภายในรัฐสมาชิก EEA ทั้งหมดรวมทั้งสหราชอาณาจักร คำสั่งสิทธิพลเมือง  กำหนดสิทธิในการเคลื่อนย้ายอย่างเสรีสำหรับพลเมืองของ EEA และพลเมืองของ EFTA และ EU ทั้งหมดไม่เพียงได้รับการยกเว้นวีซ่าเท่านั้น แต่ยังมีสิทธิตามกฎหมายในการเข้าและอาศัยอยู่ในประเทศของกันและกัน

ข้อกำหนดในการขอวีซ่าสำหรับพลเมืองลิกเตนสไตน์

บัตรประจำตัวประชาชนลิกเตนสไตน์

สมาคมการค้าเสรีแห่งยุโรป

หนังสือเดินทางของประเทศสมาชิก EFTA

 "Council of the European Union - PRADO - LIE-AO-02001". www.consilium.europa.eu.

^ Preis und Gültigkeit เก็บถาวร 2013-12-24 ที่ เครื่อง Wayback

^ “ กระทรวงการต่างประเทศยุติธรรมและวัฒนธรรม”. www.regierung.li. ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 2020-10-25.

^ "ภาพรวมโดยย่อของอนุสัญญา EFTA". ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 29 พฤศจิกายน 2017.

^ "การจัดอันดับโลก - ดัชนีหนังสือเดินทาง 2019" (ไฟล์ PDF). Henley & Partners. ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 8 มกราคม 2019.

^ “ 41 ชาติที่มีคุณภาพชีวิตดีที่สุด”. www.businessinsider.de. 2016-02-06. ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 2018-09-10.

^ "ภาพรวมโดยย่อของอนุสัญญา EFTA". ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 29 พฤศจิกายน 2017.

^ "EUR-Lex - 32004L0038R (01) - EN - EUR-Lex". Eur-lex.europa.eu. ดึงข้อมูลแล้ว 25 พฤศจิกายน 2017.

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สำนักงานตรวจคนเข้าเมืองและหนังสือเดินทาง

ข้อบังคับของสภา (EC) เลขที่ 539/2001 ของวันที่ 15 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2544 แสดงรายชื่อประเทศที่สามที่คนชาติต้องถือวีซ่าเมื่อข้ามพรมแดนภายนอกและประเทศที่มีสัญชาติได้รับการยกเว้นจากข้อกำหนดนั้น สำหรับสถานะล่าสุดให้ดูเวอร์ชันที่รวมล่าสุด

หนังสือเดินทางลิกเตนสไตน์ (vvikipedla.com)

[eccentrickleptomaniac]

Can I ask for your Switzerland headcanons? :>

ooh switzerland i havent thought about them at ALL...

due to their creation at the vienna congress they have no actual parent(s). while they were pretty close with prussia and the german confederation in general they felt no reason to consider her or them their parents.

their general philosophy in life is that of the average new yorker: i'll stay out of your business and you stay out of mine. when conflicts happen they just tend to look away and act all apathetic. which means they come off as incredibly cold like, all the time. they aren't, their apathy is more just a defense mechanism than anything. its very hard to get them to actually hate you and they like to go with the flow. they don't hold opinions on a lot of things.

liechtenstein is one switzerland's only friends. they consider her more of a little sister and would kill for her. the two live together i assume.

efta (+ the euromicronations) are the other friends they have. once you get to know them you begin to realize they're actually a warm and caring person who loves a good laugh. a great listener, they love a good board game and a drink. i like to think the efta crew does d&d together.

(o btw i think they use any prns im just using they for simplicity..)

edit 08/08/23: their """"government assigned"""" username is... uuuh (trying not to make a joke where its just countryHuman) chivalrisedHedonism.