#difference between c++ and java

[tripta-123]

C++ vs Java: Key differences, similarities and benefits

Discover the key differences between C++ and Java with fundamental differences in their syntax, performance, memory management, and more.

[orcelito]

Ended up not doing any schoolwork last night lol (can't really be blamed for that tho after writing an entire essay exam And prepping & giving a final presentation earlier in the day yesterday) BUT I finished my persuasion exam on time today. Unless I did terribly on it (unlikely) I probably won't take the optional final exam for this class (which would allow for the lowest of 4 exams to be dropped)(if I do well on all 3 midterms there's really no point to taking the final) WHICH MEANS I'm probably done with my persuasion classwork now

Just data governance and gender communication left. Gotta finish my part of the report today and then read 1.5 books by Monday. Gonna be reading a Lot over this weekend lmfao. I'll manage.

First tho I have my cats' vet appointment today. It Should be fine... and it reduces a lot of anxiety now that I have a car (I always felt weird taking my cats in the Lyft rides and I'd feel EXTRA weird taking Two cats. Not a concern now). It said in the email tho to bring stool samples (smth they didn't tell me on the calls??) and I've got one for Tally but I need to try to get one for June. Idk whether they Actually need it but i wanna b sure just in case. And Also after the disastrous arrival to my failed gynecology appointment on Monday, im like. Extra Cautious about being on time. So I'm gonna leave Plenty early. And maybe just bring one of the books I have to read so I have smth to do while I wait.

Which Means I have maybe an hour before I have to start getting ready to leave. Not quite enough time to really get into the data governance report, but I could potentially start it??? Feels wrong to just do Nothing with the time given how much shit I have to get done today. Also gonna email my advisor I think, if the course override request hasn't processed yet. I did manage to add a C/C++ coding class for UNIX/Linux systems to my schedule, so I have Two of the classes I need to graduate. There are spots in the front end web coding class available that works with my schedule but it's restricted by major for some reason?? Even tho I'm in that damn major???? And last I checked they hadn't approved my override request. So I'm gonna check again and if it's Still not approved I'll email my advisor like "heyyy is there anything we can do about this?" Bc there's not many other classes available that work with my schedule, accomplish the requirement of being upper level division, I haven't already taken, i have the required pre-requisites, AND that don't have some stupid major restriction on it. Like this one's basically the only one that works for the other 4, but that stupid major restriction getting in my way... and it's not like it's even in high demand 😭😭😭 the class is only half filled from what I've seen online 😭😭😭😭 just let me into ur damn class so I can graduate, God.

[ms-demeanor]

(remaking the post because you can't edit polls and i gave the wrong options)

Alright I'm registering for classes and someone needs to talk me out of doing stupid shit but I'm unsure of what shit is stupidest.

Winter term:

I just finished an 8-week photo class that ended up being a huge investment in time just to go and shoot. However that was introductory photography and there is a 6-week intermediate photography class over winter term. I am signed up for photography. (Elective option for AA in Visual Arts)

There is also a 6-week introductory python course over winter term that I am signed up for and will be taking. I'm solid on that one, as long as I pass my C# class this term I'm going to be taking Python for 6 weeks at the beginning of the year.

Spring term:

College Chemistry Saturday class. 7am to 12pm for sixteen weeks. Lab and lecture; this school doesn't offer any chem classes that are after standard 9-5 hours during the regular week or that can be taken even partially online. Pretty sure I'm going to be stuck with this one and am configuring the rest of my schedule around being *less* miserable because of this class.

Survey of Western Art - Online, seems like a gimme. Does have a textbook but not one that I'm going to pay for. (Required for AA in Visual Arts)

2-Dimensional Design - Online, seems fun and like a gimme, Free/No textbook. (Required for AA in Visual Arts)

Object-Oriented Programming - Online, seems difficult, expensive textbook. Will probably be very necessary if I end up going down a more CS/tech path. Probably going to force myself to take this class.

Java Programming - Online, seems not unapproachable, expensive textbook. I don't particularly wanna but my school offers really limited options for computer science and I want to get what I can out of it before I go somewhere else.

Rationale for these weird combinations:

I'm applying as a nursing student at three schools and a biochem student at one of those schools (nutrition programs are apparently only for first-time students; 2nd Bachelor's applications are a lot more limited. I could apply to major in Francophone Studies at one of the schools though). Supposing I get accepted, these classes certainly won't hurt my status at any school that accepts me and the chemistry class is going to be really really necessary. This is the "i give a fuck about nutrition science and also directly helping people" path and if I go this way I'm interested in NP programs down the line. LOTS more school of the serious "I can't work and do this kind of school at the same time" variety.

If I *don't* get accepted to the programs I'm applying to, I'm going to go to a different community college and start working on a couple of AS degrees in computer junk (network admin and security management, computer and networking technology) and get some computer junk certs. I don't think I want/need a BS in compute science, this is the "practical" route of "I could finish this stuff pretty easily and continue working in a field where I have a lot of connections and familiarity with the industry but I am indifferent about a lot of it (pretty passionate about security and accessibility tho). Also allows me to keep working while I just churn school in the background, and all of the computer classes are transferable between the two schools.

Art classes: I think having multiple degrees is funney. I am currently 5 classes away from an AA in visual arts, at the end of this term I will be 4 classes away; if I take all the classes here and can take an elective over the summer I'll have a degree in visual arts. (There is a reasonable possibility that I'll continue taking bullshit classes behind the scenes to get silly degrees regardless of what happens otherwise)

Pretty sure the sensible thing is to drop *at least* photography and survey of western art and also possibly Java and 2D design. I'm somewhat concerned that if my spring term is just Saturday chem and object oriented programming I will start biting things.

So:

[izicodes]

Dynamically vs Statically-Typed Programming Languages

Hiya!🌍💻 I know I haven't done one of these posts in a while but now I came up with a new topic to talk about!

Today, we're going to dive into the world of programming languages and explore the differences between dynamically-typed and statically-typed ones. I actually got the idea from explaining the whole difference between languages such as C# and Java to Lua and Python! Also just wanted to talk about how various languages handle data types~! So, buckle up, and let's get started~! 🚀

The Main Difference

It all lies in how they handle data types:

In a dynamically-typed language, the type of a variable is determined at runtime, which means you don't have to specify the type explicitly when declaring a variable.

In a statically-typed language, the type of a variable is determined at compile-time, and you must declare the type explicitly when defining a variable.

Example Code

Not getting the picture of what I'm talking about? No worries, let's take a look at some code examples to illustrate the difference. I'll use my beloved Lua (a dynamically-typed language) and C# (a statically-typed language)~!

Lua

C#

In the Lua example, we can see that we don't need to specify the data type of the variable x. We can even change its type later in the code and it would still work!

In the C# example, we must specify the data type of x when declaring it, and attempting to change its type later will result in a compile-time error. Remember though, you can convert an int to string in C# via 'Convert.ToString()'!

Recap!

In dynamically-typed language, the type of a variable is determined at runtime.

Lua, Python, and JavaScript are programming languages that are dynamically typed.

In a statically-typed language, the type of a variable is determined at compile-time.

C#, Java, and Go are programming languages that are statically typed.

Obviously, there is more to know about each type as dynamically-typed and statically-typed languages each have their advantages and disadvantages - but I wanted to focus more on the data type declaration part~!

Here are some further reading pages:

Dynamic Typing vs Static Typing - LINK

Advantages and Disadvantages of Dynamic and Static Typing - LINK

That's all, thanks for reading, and hope you learned something new! Happy coding, folks~! 🌟💻🚀

[guiltiest-gear]

If you don't know the answer that's fine but I wanted to ask about Minecraft coding. I heard the reason Bedrock exists was to rebuild Minecraft from the ground up without Java code because Java as a language just fucking sucks, but whenever I hear anything about Bedrock, it has like 500x more game breaking bugs a week than what Java usually deals with, which seems counterintuitive, any idea why that's the case or is it just something I am misunderstanding

See, there's a thing in programming I like to call "Everyone is stupid except me"

Everyone thinks some language is the final solution to something, when in reality it has just as many problems as the language that was previously used for the problem, which was supposed to be the solution to the problem, and then the same for the one before it, and so on

This is the same issue at play here

While yes, it's true, Java code sucks major ass because of how verbose it is, and how it forces everything into an object oriented programming paradigm, and how Java actually runs in a virtual machine

Java files aren't actually compiled to machine code, but instead .class files, which is Java bytecode (which is essentially an intermediate step between the language and machine code), which are then interpreted by the JVM (Java Virtual Machine)

To my knowledge, Bedrock Edition has a C++ codebase, which directly compiles to machine code, meaning (in theory) better performance, as there's no stupid overhead from having a language virtual machine

However, because of differences in how Java and C++ work, you get slightly differences between the games, especially in the physics engines and how math is done between the two

This creates the problem I described earlier "Everyone is stupid except me"

It can't be denied that Java Edition has a more mature codebase, as it's literally existed longer than Bedrock Edition, and so it's likely to be more stable in a sense

However, Java as a language still sucks balls, no matter how old the code is

A C++ rewrite is supposed to fix the issues with Java being an absolute kick in the balls to work with, but C++ itself has its own issues, and due to differences in the language and the younger, less mature codebase, there are more game-breaking bugs that have yet to be ironed out

In short, XKCD 927

[knowledgecat247]

Daily Tumblr Post (1/14)

Heyo! I hope everyone is having a good day!

I seem to be getting slowly popular on here...which is fun, I guess

So I think I should say a couple things about me, so you get to know me better:

I'm 18 and going to college currently

I don't know what I want to do with my life

I have self diagnosed myself with adhd, autism, and depression with the help of some online quizzes

More specifically Mental Health America's random screening quizzes that responded to me by saying "Probably ADHD", "Probably Autism", and "Probably Moderately Severe Depression"

I still feel like it was overexaggerating with the Moderately Severe Depression...

Screenshots:

I'll probably take all of these again, for science reasons, and not because it is something I am obsessed with.

Anyways, other things about me....

I'm still questioning if I'm trans, took a random online quiz for that got a "Probably Trans"

I mean, to be fair, there's a part of me who wants to be a girl to get all the boys, so....

Main problem is just my Mom, while I'm going to college I still live with her, so yeah... and we've "had this discussion already"

I shouldn't talk about things I should save for a therapist here, so moving on!

I have many hobbies, including, but not limited to:

+ Making Music

+ Making Art

+ Making Games (I use Unity C#)

+ Coding (With some reminders I am proficient in Python and HTML, CSS, Javascript. I have dipped my toes into C++ and Java as well. I also said earlier I use Unity C# and to those of you who ask if there's a difference between using Unity's Game Engine and using the actual code, somewhat of a difference, hard to explain though)

+ Writing Stories

And...I think that's all I'm going to reveal today, if I talk about my interests that'll be a longer list...You know what FUCK IT, here's some that I can remember from the top of my head:

+ Will Wood (And The Tapeworms)

+ That Handsome Devil

+ Brain David Gilbert

+ Tom Cardy

+ Don't Hug Me I'm Scared

+ TomSka

+ DanTDM

+ Daniel Thrasher

+ Metal Family

+ Glitch Productions (I was a fan even before they made the official channel Meta Runners rules!)

+ Twenty One Pilots

+ AJR

+ AJJ

+ Lemon Demon

+ Bo Burnham

+ John Mulaney

+ Chad Daniels

+ Dan Cummins

+ Randy Feltface

+ Dungeons and Daddies (They should have a new episode coming out today! YAY!)

And I know there's more, but like I said, all that I can remember

Anyway! I hope ya'll are doing good today! Have a good day everyone!

(Yes I will tag EVERY, SINGLE, FANDOM mentioned)

[fouryearsofshades]

A Market Stall in Batavia, Andries Beeckman (attributed to), Albert Eckhout (rejected attribution), c. 1640 - c. 1666 

The Dutch and Malay inscriptions on the piece of paper in the lower right corner identify this as a Dutch painting of subjects studied on the spot. Most of the fruit varieties are found only in Indonesia, the former Dutch East Indies, and were not exported to Europe at the time. The combination of figures from different countries suggests that the setting is most probably the very cosmopolitan Batavia, modern-day Jakarta.8 A Chinese merchant, recognizable as such from his distinctive goatee, moustache and remarkably long fingernails, is counting coins in a fruit stall set off with bamboo partitions. Standing on the left is a woman wearing a typically Javanese sarong and kebaya and holding a small cigar in one hand while placing a durian upright with the other. A second Javanese woman in the middle is lifting a small bundle of leaf wrappers out of a small Japanese lacquered casket, probably betel leaves. A boy behind her is picking a banana from the bunch hanging on the right. A striking salmon-crested cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis) is perched on the bamboo screen at the back.

Andries Beeckman went to great lengths to depict the huge diversity of tropical fruit as faithfully as possible, but he was clearly not a professional still-life painter. The different varieties are easily distinguished, but their textures are not convincing. Laid out on the table – some with numbers matching the list on the piece of paper (the latter are given between brackets below) – are, on the far left, from top to bottom, rambutans (Nephelium lappaceum, no. 1), langsats (Lansium domesticum, no. 3) and starfruit (Averrhoa carambola, no. 2). Beside them are a partly cut pomelo (Citrus maxima, no. 4) and durians, one of them sliced (Durio, no. 5). The three small pieces of red fruit at bottom left are water or Malay apples (Syzygium aqueum or Syzygium malaccense, no. 6) or Java apples (Syzygium samarangense), and lying to their right are mangoes (Mangifera indica, no. 7) and pineapples (Ananas comosus, no. 8). Below the two pineapples in the centre are jackfruit, one halved (Artocarpus Heteropyllus, no. 9) and several small mangosteens, some opened (Garcinia mangostana, no. 10). On the right are bananas (no. 11), five coconuts and a halved one (Cocos nucifera), and at the very front cashew apples (Anacardium occidentale). The fruit cut in two in the Japanese casket is probably a sort of lime called a Calamondin orange (Citrofortunella microcarpa).

The Rijksmuseum painting is a reduced version of a canvas from an anonymous series of scenes of foreign peoples and produce that decorated the walls of Schloss Pretzsch an der Elbe in Saxony until 1828 (fig. a).9 In the nineteenth century they were removed, first to Berlin and then to Schloss Schwedt an der Oder in Brandenburg.10 They were seen there in the 1930s by Thomsen, who rather hesitantly attributed them to Albert Eckhout and dated them around the middle of the seventeenth century.11 Schwedt was completely destroyed in the closing days of the Second World War, and all that is left of the works of art are pre-war black-and-white photographs making it clear that the attribution to Eckhout is untenable.12

The connection with the canvas from Schloss Pretzsch also led to this Market Stall in Batavia being wrongly attributed to Eckhout or his circle in the past.13 It is woodenly executed, compositionally clumsy, and is not of the kind of Brazilian subject for which Eckhout is known. Minor differences between the two paintings show that they were not copied after each other but seem to share the same or a similar source. The way in which the fruit and cockatoo are depicted displays a clear resemblance to the only known still life by Andries Beeckman (fig. b), and, interestingly, one of the scenes from the series in Pretzsch castle was definitely based on watercolours by him,14 so the present canvas could also be by Beeckman or someone from his circle.

Very little is known about the picture’s provenance, although there are a few early records of an Indonesian fruit market, and since A Market Stall in Batavia is the only surviving work of that nature there is a great temptation to associate it with those early sources. There is, however, nothing that can be said for certain. Around 1660 Jan Vos wrote an ode about paintings in the collection of Joan Huydecooper, among them an ‘East Indies fruit market’: ‘Who has driven me from the north to the east? / I find myself in the market of the East Indies coast. / Here nature displays her fruit as food for life. / The sight makes my mouth desire the beautiful harvest, / Thus is my stomach now sorely overburdened. / Greedy eyes are not soon satiated’.15 It may well be that the poet was referring to the Rijksmuseum canvas.16 There is a second mention of an ‘East Indies fruit market’ a little later in the collection of burgomaster Mattheus van den Broucke of Dordrecht.17 It is far from obvious that it refers to this Market Stall in Batavia. His picture was one of a series of which the others were described as ‘One ditto, with East Indies animals and fruit’, ‘One ditto, being East Indies lodgings, ‘One ditto’, ‘Three ditto, East Indies women’ and ‘A Moorish woman’.18 It is very possible that the Rijksmuseum painting was also part of a larger ensemble of that kind.

Erlend de Groot, 2022

[watchmorecinema]

Normally I just post about movies but I'm a software engineer by trade so I've got opinions on programming too.

Apparently it's a month of code or something because my dash is filled with people trying to learn Python. And that's great, because Python is a good language with a lot of support and job opportunities. I've just got some scattered thoughts that I thought I'd write down.

Python abstracts a number of useful concepts. It makes it easier to use, but it also means that if you don't understand the concepts then things might go wrong in ways you didn't expect. Memory management and pointer logic is so damn annoying, but you need to understand them. I learned these concepts by learning C++, hopefully there's an easier way these days.

Data structures and algorithms are the bread and butter of any real work (and they're pretty much all that come up in interviews) and they're language agnostic. If you don't know how to traverse a linked list, how to use recursion, what a hash map is for, etc. then you don't really know how to program. You'll pretty much never need to implement any of them from scratch, but you should know when to use them; think of them like building blocks in a Lego set.

Learning a new language is a hell of a lot easier after your first one. Going from Python to Java is mostly just syntax differences. Even "harder" languages like C++ mostly just mean more boilerplate while doing the same things. Learning a new spoken language in is hard, but learning a new programming language is generally closer to learning some new slang or a new accent. Lists in Python are called Vectors in C++, just like how french fries are called chips in London. If you know all the underlying concepts that are common to most programming languages then it's not a huge jump to a new one, at least if you're only doing all the most common stuff. (You will get tripped up by some of the minor differences though. Popping an item off of a stack in Python returns the element, but in Java it returns nothing. You have to read it with Top first. Definitely had a program fail due to that issue).

The above is not true for new paradigms. Python, C++ and Java are all iterative languages. You move to something functional like Haskell and you need a completely different way of thinking. Javascript (not in any way related to Java) has callbacks and I still don't quite have a good handle on them. Hardware languages like VHDL are all synchronous; every line of code in a program runs at the same time! That's a new way of thinking.

Python is stereotyped as a scripting language good only for glue programming or prototypes. It's excellent at those, but I've worked at a number of (successful) startups that all were Python on the backend. Python is robust enough and fast enough to be used for basically anything at this point, except maybe for embedded programming. If you do need the fastest speed possible then you can still drop in some raw C++ for the places you need it (one place I worked at had one very important piece of code in C++ because even milliseconds mattered there, but everything else was Python). The speed differences between Python and C++ are so much smaller these days that you only need them at the scale of the really big companies. It makes sense for Google to use C++ (and they use their own version of it to boot), but any company with less than 100 engineers is probably better off with Python in almost all cases. Honestly thought the best programming language is the one you like, and the one that you're good at.

Design patterns mostly don't matter. They really were only created to make up for language failures of C++; in the original design patterns book 17 of the 23 patterns were just core features of other contemporary languages like LISP. C++ was just really popular while also being kinda bad, so they were necessary. I don't think I've ever once thought about consciously using a design pattern since even before I graduated. Object oriented design is mostly in the same place. You'll use classes because it's a useful way to structure things but multiple inheritance and polymorphism and all the other terms you've learned really don't come into play too often and when they do you use the simplest possible form of them. Code should be simple and easy to understand so make it as simple as possible. As far as inheritance the most I'm willing to do is to have a class with abstract functions (i.e. classes where some functions are empty but are expected to be filled out by the child class) but even then there are usually good alternatives to this.

Related to the above: simple is best. Simple is elegant. If you solve a problem with 4000 lines of code using a bunch of esoteric data structures and language quirks, but someone else did it in 10 then I'll pick the 10. On the other hand a one liner function that requires a lot of unpacking, like a Python function with a bunch of nested lambdas, might be easier to read if you split it up a bit more. Time to read and understand the code is the most important metric, more important than runtime or memory use. You can optimize for the other two later if you have to, but simple has to prevail for the first pass otherwise it's going to be hard for other people to understand. In fact, it'll be hard for you to understand too when you come back to it 3 months later without any context.

Note that I've cut a few things for simplicity. For example: VHDL doesn't quite require every line to run at the same time, but it's still a major paradigm of the language that isn't present in most other languages.

Ok that was a lot to read. I guess I have more to say about programming than I thought. But the core ideas are: Python is pretty good, other languages don't need to be scary, learn your data structures and algorithms and above all keep your code simple and clean.

[sqlinjection]

OS commands injection testing & defense

OS command injection is a technique used via a web interface in order to execute OS commands on a web server.

How to test for the issue

During code review

Check if any command execute methods are called and in unvalidated user input are taken as data for that command.

Besides, appending a semicolon to the end of a URL query parameter followed by an operating system command, will execute the command. %3B is URL encoded and decodes to semicolon. This is because the ; is interpreted as a command separator.

Example: 

http://sensitive/something.php?dir=%3Bcat%20/etc/passwd

If the application responds with the output of the /etc/passwd file then you know the attack has been successful. Many web application scanners can be used to test for this attack as they inject variations of command injections and test the response.

Equally Static Code Analysis tools check the data flow of untrusted user input into a web application and check if the data is then entered into a dangerous method which executes the user input as a command.

Remediation

If it is considered unavoidable the call to a system command incorporated with user-supplied, the following two layers of defense should be used within software in order to prevent attacks

Parameterization - If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and command. These mechanisms can help to provide the relevant quoting, encoding.

Input validation - the values for commands and the relevant arguments should be both validated. There are different degrees of validation for the actual command and its arguments:

When it comes to the commands used, these must be validated against a list of allowed commands.

In regards to the arguments used for these commands, they should be validated using the following options:

Positive or allowlist input validation - where are the arguments allowed explicitly defined

Allow-list Regular Expression - where is explicitly defined a list of good characters allowed and the maximum length of the string. Ensure that metacharacters like & | ; $ > < \ \ !` and whitespaces are not part of the Regular Expression. For example, the following regular expression only allows lowercase letters and numbers, and does not contain metacharacters. The length is also being limited to 3-10 characters:

^[a-z0-9]{3,10}$

Example code - Java

Incorrect Usage

ProcessBuilder b = new ProcessBuilder("C:\DoStuff.exe -arg1 -arg2");

the command together with the arguments are passed as a one string, making easy to manipulate that expression and inject malicious strings.

Correct Usage

ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("TrustedCmd", "TrustedArg1", "TrustedArg2"); Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); pb.directory(new File("TrustedDir")); Process p = pb.start();

starts a process with a modified working directory

The command and each of the arguments are passed separately which makes it easy to validate each term and reduces the risk to insert malicious strings

[aionlinemoney]

India’s Tech Sector to Create 1.2 Lakh AI Job Vacancies in Two Years

India’s technology sector is set to experience a hiring boom with job vacancies for artificial intelligence (AI) roles projected to reach 1.2 lakh over the next two years. As the demand for AI latest technology increases across industries, companies are rapidly adopting advanced tools to stay competitive. These new roles will span across tech services, Global Capability Centres (GCCs), pure-play AI and analytics firms, startups, and product companies.

Following a slowdown in tech hiring, the focus is shifting toward the development of AI. Market analysts estimate that Indian companies are moving beyond Proof of Concept (PoC) and deploying large-scale AI systems, generating high demand for roles such as AI researchers, product managers, and data application specialists. “We foresee about 120,000 to 150,000 AI-related job vacancies emerging as Indian IT services ramp up AI applications,” noted Gaurav Vasu, CEO of UnearthInsight.

India currently has 4 lakh AI professionals, but the gap between demand and supply is widening, with job requirements expected to reach 6 lakh soon. By 2026, experts predict the number of AI specialists required will hit 1 million, reflecting the deep integration of AI latest technology into industries like healthcare, e-commerce, and manufacturing.

The transition to AI-driven operations is also altering the nature of job vacancies. Unlike traditional software engineering roles, artificial intelligence positions focus on advanced algorithms, automation, and machine learning. Companies are recruiting experts in fields like deep learning, robotics, and natural language processing to meet the growing demand for innovative AI solutions. The development of AI has led to the rise of specialised roles such as Machine Learning Engineers, Data Scientists, and Prompt Engineers.

Krishna Vij, Vice President of TeamLease Digital, remarked that new AI roles are evolving across industries as AI latest technology becomes an essential tool for product development, operations, and consulting. “We expect close to 120,000 new job vacancies in AI across different sectors like finance, healthcare, and autonomous systems,” he said.

AI professionals also enjoy higher compensation compared to their traditional tech counterparts. Around 80% of AI-related job vacancies offer premium salaries, with packages 40%-80% higher due to the limited pool of trained talent. “The low availability of experienced AI professionals ensures that artificial intelligence roles will command attractive pay for the next 2-3 years,” noted Krishna Gautam, Business Head of Xpheno.

Candidates aiming for AI roles need to master key competencies. Proficiency in programming languages like Python, R, Java, or C++ is essential, along with knowledge of AI latest technology such as large language models (LLMs). Expertise in statistics, machine learning algorithms, and cloud computing platforms adds value to applicants. As companies adopt AI latest technology across domains, candidates with critical thinking and  AI adaptability will stay ahead so it is important to learn and stay updated with AI informative blogs & news.

Although companies are prioritising experienced professionals for mid-to-senior roles, entry-level job vacancies are also rising, driven by the increased use of AI in enterprises. Bootcamps, certifications, and academic programs are helping freshers gain the skills required for artificial intelligence roles. As AI development progresses, entry-level roles are expected to expand in the near future. AI is reshaping the industries providing automation & the techniques to save time , to increase work efficiency. 

India’s tech sector is entering a transformative phase, with a surge in job vacancies linked to AI latest technology adoption. The next two years will witness fierce competition for AI talent, reshaping hiring trends across industries and unlocking new growth opportunities in artificial intelligence. Both startups and established companies are racing to secure talent, fostering a dynamic landscape where artificial intelligence expertise will be help in innovation and growth. AI will help organizations and businesses to actively participate in new trends.

#aionlinemoney.com

[nectoy7]

The History of Java Programming: From Its Humble Beginnings to Dominance in Software Development

Java is one of the most influential programming languages in the modern era, known for its versatility, portability, and robustness. Developed in the early 1990s, it has left a lasting impact on the software industry, helping build countless applications, from mobile games to enterprise-level software. In this blog, we'll explore Java’s fascinating history, its motivations, its growth, and its influence on today’s technology landscape.

The Genesis of Java

Java originated in the early 1990s as part of a project at Sun Microsystems. The project, initially called the "Green Project," was led by James Gosling, alongside Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton. The team's goal was to develop a language for embedded systems, specifically for appliances like televisions, which were beginning to incorporate smart technology.

The language was initially called "Oak," named after an oak tree outside Gosling's office. However, due to a trademark conflict, it was eventually renamed Java. The name "Java" was inspired by a type of coffee popular with the developers, signifying their relentless energy and drive.

Motivation Behind Java's Creation

Java was developed to address several key challenges in software development at the time:

Portability: Most languages of the day, such as C and C++, were platform-dependent. This meant that software needed significant modification to run on different operating systems. Gosling and his team envisioned a language that could be executed anywhere without alteration. This led to the now-famous slogan, "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA).

Reliability: C and C++ were powerful, but they had pitfalls like manual memory management and complex pointers, which often led to errors. Java aimed to eliminate these issues by offering features like automatic memory management through garbage collection.

Internet Revolution: As the internet began to take shape, Java was positioned to take advantage of this growing technology. Java’s platform independence and security made it an ideal choice for internet-based applications.

The Birth of Java (1995)

The Green Project initially produced a device called Star7, an interactive television set-top box. While innovative, it didn't achieve widespread success. However, by the mid-1990s, the internet was gaining traction, and Sun Microsystems realized Java’s true potential as a programming language for web applications.

In 1995, Java was officially launched with the release of the Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.0. At the same time, Netscape Navigator, a popular web browser, announced that it would support Java applets. This gave Java immense exposure and set the stage for its rapid adoption in the software development community.

Key Features that Set Java Apart

From the beginning, Java had several features that distinguished it from its contemporaries:

Platform Independence: Java programs are compiled into an intermediate form called bytecode, which runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM acts as a mediator between the bytecode and the underlying system, allowing Java programs to be executed on any platform without modification.

Object-Oriented: Java was designed from the ground up as an object-oriented language, emphasizing modularity, reusability, and scalability. This feature made Java particularly attractive for building complex and large-scale applications.

Automatic Memory Management: Java's garbage collector automatically handles memory deallocation, reducing the risk of memory leaks and other errors that plagued languages like C and C++.

Security: Java was designed with a focus on security, particularly given its intended use for internet applications. The JVM serves as a secure sandbox, and Java’s bytecode verification process ensures that malicious code cannot be executed.

Evolution of Java Versions

Since its release in 1995, Java has undergone several iterations, each bringing new features and improvements to enhance the developer experience and address the evolving needs of software applications.

Java 1.0 (1996): The first version of Java was mainly used for applets on web browsers. It came with basic tools, libraries, and APIs, establishing Java as a mainstream programming language.

Java 2 (1998): With the release of J2SE (Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition), Java evolved from a simple web language to a complete, general-purpose development platform. Java 2 introduced the Swing library, which provided advanced tools for building graphical user interfaces (GUIs). This release also marked the beginning of Java Enterprise Edition (J2EE), which extended Java for server-side applications.

Java 5 (2004): Java 5, initially called Java 1.5, was a significant update. It introduced Generics, Annotations, Enumerations, and Autoboxing/Unboxing. The updated version also brought improved syntax and functionality, which simplified writing and reading code.

Java SE 7 (2011) and Java SE 8 (2014): Java SE 7 brought features like try-with-resources, simplifying exception handling. Java SE 8 was a transformative release, introducing Lambda expressions and Stream APIs. This version brought functional programming aspects to Java, allowing developers to write more concise and expressive code.

Java 9 to Java 17 (2017-2021): Java 9 introduced the module system to help organize large applications. Java 11 and later versions moved towards a more rapid release cadence, with new features appearing every six months. Java 17, released in 2021, became a long-term support (LTS) version, offering several advancements like improved garbage collection, pattern matching, and record classes.

The Java Community and OpenJDK

Java's development has always been characterized by a strong community influence. Initially controlled by Sun Microsystems, Java's fate changed when Oracle Corporation acquired Sun in 2010. After the acquisition, Oracle made significant strides towards making Java more open and community-driven.

OpenJDK, an open-source implementation of Java, became the reference implementation starting from Java 7. This move encouraged greater collaboration, transparency, and diversity within the Java ecosystem. OpenJDK allowed more organizations to contribute to Java’s development and ensure its continued growth.

Java in the Enterprise and Beyond

Java has become synonymous with enterprise-level software development, thanks in part to the introduction of Java EE (now known as Jakarta EE). Java EE provides a set of specifications and tools for building large-scale, distributed, and highly reliable applications. The Java ecosystem, including frameworks like Spring, Hibernate, and Apache Struts, has contributed to its popularity in enterprise environments.

Java also became a key player in the development of Android applications. Android Studio, Google's official IDE for Android development, is powered by Java, which contributed significantly to its widespread adoption. Although Kotlin, another JVM language, is now gaining popularity, Java remains a core language for Android.

The Challenges Java Faced

Despite its success, Java faced competition and challenges over the years. Languages like C#, developed by Microsoft, and Python have gained traction due to their developer-friendly features. Java has been criticized for its verbosity compared to more modern languages. However, the Java community’s active contributions and Oracle’s improvements, including adding modern programming paradigms, have kept it relevant.

Another significant challenge was the rise of JavaScript for web development. While Java was initially popular for web applets, JavaScript became the dominant language for front-end development. Java's relevance in web applications decreased, but it found its niche in server-side applications, enterprise systems, and Android.

Java Today and Its Future

Today, Java is one of the most popular programming languages globally, powering applications across various sectors, including finance, healthcare, telecommunications, and education. Java’s strength lies in its mature ecosystem, robust performance, and scalability.

The new six-month release cycle initiated by Oracle has brought excitement back into the Java world, with new features being added frequently, keeping the language modern and in line with developer needs. Java 17, as an LTS version, is a stable platform for enterprises looking for reliable updates and support over the long term.

Looking forward, Java’s evolution focuses on improving developer productivity, adding more concise language features, and optimizing performance. Java's adaptability and continuous evolution ensure its place as a leading language for both new projects and legacy systems.

Conclusion

Java’s journey from a language for set-top boxes to becoming a foundational tool in enterprise computing, Android applications, and beyond is nothing short of remarkable. Its creation was driven by a need for portability, reliability, and ease of use. Over nearly three decades, Java has evolved to remain relevant, keeping pace with technological advancements while preserving its core values of reliability and platform independence.

The language’s robust community, open-source development model, and wide adoption in critical applications guarantee that Java will remain a force in software development for many years to come. It has not only withstood the test of time but continues to thrive in a constantly changing technology landscape—an enduring testament to the vision of its creators and the collective effort of its global community.

[metfell]

Putting aside the 'better' debate, it's kind of intriguing to me how many little differences there are between Java and Bedrock. Because, like, ostensibly the differences started because of coding language, right? Java vs C++ or whatever, is why certain redstone things work differently. And then things were because of controller and mobile options, like limiting off hand items for mobile players. But then things like flower distribution and trident farmability and wither strengths and such are clearly not coding differences anymore, they're intentional design decisions. It's a choice two slowly develop the game in two different ways side by side, which must be harder to do on the back end, but also can like. Allow them to see which ends up feeling better overall? IDK if they would ever make a move for parity on anything that isn't based in controls or coding, but it is an interesting experiment.

- A Java player who got it because it was 5 dollars cheaper the day I was choosing versions and has been drawn too deep to go back

this is such a good analysis anon thank you :]

[abalidoth]

What are some of your favorite parts of Haskell? Do you know any other languages?

Haskell's mathematical completeness is super cool. It's quite amazing that you can actually prove, with a theorem, that the language doesn't have any ambiguous statements. (I don't know exactly how the theorem goes, I haven't dug into it enough to word it properly, but it's cool.) Also, it's just fun to solve problems in functional programming; it requires a whole different section of my brain from my usual programming.

My bread and butter, the language I use for work as well as my personal projects, is Python. It's the language I'm most fluent in by a long shot; there's no delay between coming up with an idea and executing it in code. I know there are a lot of folks who aren't fond of Python, and to be fair people try to apply it where it's just not really a good tool, but as a rapid prototyping, data manipulation, and fun-code-toy language it's phenomenal. Also there's a package for, like, everything.

I've used a TON of other languages in bits and pieces in the past -- Java, C++, a bit of C#, a lot of SQL and HTML (neither is exactly a PROGRAMMING language, but eh) and a lot of obscure math languages like Magma, GAP, and Macsyma.

The thing I'm most interested to learn is Lean, a theorem proving language. It's pretty amazing what you can do with it, and I think it'll revolutionize math academia once it's in wide use.

[tqkarma]

HACHIKŌ

---・✦ ﹒ ♡ welcome to hachikō! 

────────────────────────

Hachikō is a fairy and cottage-core gaming themed server that is looking for lovely members! 

This is a safe and inclusive community where you can feel free to be yourself, express your opinions, and engage in meaningful conversations with others!

─━━━━━━⊱୨୧⊰━━━━━━─

˚˖ ❥ lvl 3 boosted server

˚˖ ❥ CIT’s and Mizuno’s

˚˖ ❥ wholesome animal emotes

˚˖ ❥ several self-selectable roles

˚˖ ❥ feel free to purchase a ready made home or expand the town!

˚˖ ❥ Friendly and active staff

˚˖ ❥ Aesthetic towns with designated mascots! 

˚˖ ❥ POC and LGBTQ+ friendly!

˚˖ ❥ Java and Bedrock Compatible 

─━━━━━━⊱୨୧⊰━━━━━━─

Hachikō is a fantasy server primarily for building and expanding its Minecraft C/SMP! 

Regardless of whether you play Minecraft or not, we’re hoping to build an active, supportive and sweet community full of people who love gaming as much as we do!

We encourage kindness, respect, and positive interactions between all members! 

If you’re looking for a space to make new friends and participate in different activities, we’d love for you all to hang out with us <3

[izicodes]

Visual Studio vs Visual Studio Code

Today, I want to talk about a topic that often confuses many developers and me including when I first started: the difference between Visual Studio and Visual Studio Code. Similar names, and the same logo shape but what makes the two different? Let's talk about it~! ✨

Visual Studio and Visual Studio Code (often abbreviated as VS and VS Code, respectively) are two distinct development environments both made by Microsoft, and both aimed at providing developers with the tools they need to build cool applications!

Visual Studio

Visual Studio is a full-featured integrated development environment (IDE) that helps people create other computer programs. It has a lot of different tools that can help with things like writing code, finding mistakes in code, testing programs, and putting the finished program out for other people to use.

Visual Studio can work with different programming languages like C#, VB.NET, F# and C++. It might take some time to learn how to use Visual Studio because it has a lot of features, but once you get the hang of it, you'll be able to create really cool and complex computer programs with it.

Visual Studio Code

Visual Studio Code is a lightweight, open-source code editor that provides developers with a customizable environment for building and debugging applications. It supports a wide range of programming languages, including JavaScript, TypeScript, Python, and Java.

The interface of VS Code is intuitive and straightforward, making it easy for new users to start working with it quickly. Very beginner-programmer-friendly, in my opinion.

Key Differences

Visual Studio is an IDE

VS Code is a code editor

Visual Studio is primarily designed for building large-scale applications

VS Code is geared towards web development, scripting, and smaller projects

Visual Studio has an extensive range of extensions and add-ons available to expand its capabilities

VS Code has a vast library of free and open-source extensions available in its marketplace, making it a flexible and cost-effective option

Visual Studio Code is known for its lightweight and speedy performance. It consumes fewer resources than Visual Studio, making it an excellent option for developers who are working on lower-end machines

All this info!! Which to pick for my next project?

It depends on what you're making and how big and complicated it is! 🤔

If you're making something really big project, you'll probably want to use Visual Studio because it has a lot of tools to help you. But if you're making something smaller or working on a website, then Visual Studio Code might be better for you.

At the end of the day, it's up to you to decide which one you prefer! 😉👍🏾

That's all and thank you for reading! Hope you learn something new! 💻🙌🏾💗

[emeraldcatears]

Seeing what's new.

I used RPG Maker XP before (though mainly only used Pokemon Essentials) so MZ has a lot new that folks who used the RPG Makers in between like VX and MV are probably already familiar with.

For example:

It comes with a character generator that makes easy-to-use sprites!

While I intend to use my own resources eventually you know I have to play with this...

Also? Children exist beyond gender! In that case...

There's also a dark theme (as well as two high contrast ones that... don't appeal to me.

That should be easier on the eyes after staring at a computer screen at work all day.

Another thing I noticed right away is that the tilesets give you a lot more autotiles than XP. XP maxed at 8. This one has loads!

Autotiles, for those newer to this than I am, are tiles that automatically draw corners and the like based on what tiles they're drawn next to rather than needing to be put together with individual tiles. These can also be animated to show the motion of waves or waterfalls.

The tilesets are also broken into tabs! Looks like the bases are in the A tab and the details to add on top are in B and C. I'll have to look more into this when I eventually import my own tiles but it already seems nice for organizing.

Another thing?

Four layers for mapping! XP had three. Apparently they took away layers for some of the iterations between XP and MZ? That sounds irritating. Good thing MZ has them again.

MZ defaults to 48x48 tiles but has options for others as well. Again, I'll worry about that when I play with my own resources.

Those are just what I noticed right away. Apparently another difference is that XP used the Ruby programming language and MZ uses Java JavaScript. I never touched the code back in my Pokemon Essentials days so anything involving that is going to be new to me.

Oh, man. I'm already getting ideas for things to make with this. I plan on using the default resources to start with while I'm learning (for the most part) but when I start putting my own in I'll probably record the process here.