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mournwatch · 10 months ago

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I had reblogged this at first, feeling satisfied with the arguments that it presents, especially because people love spreading misinformation without proof. But then a friend of a friend sent me this and while this has nothing to do with the claims above, it's still pretty concerning to me if true and would take more work to figure out if any of this is falsified.

https://docs.google.com/document/u/0/d/1sDWKNoqLLL3svx4NGOeJbg0eidZqNdw7YddezYIBc-g/mobilebasic?fbclid=IwAR1EBmOtvw3O_98aHpGfI5n2RbHx6SAnpxdKho-ZstwRMYFXOaeB43s6TPo

The tl;dr is this is a bunch of chat logs showing Vivzie being transphobic towards transmascs in specific plus some accounts of people working for companies/projects alongside her? I haven't read it all thoroughly but I think yall should take a look at it and come to your own conclusions.

Hazbin Hotel and VivziePop Drama

I’ve been hearing/seeing a lot of drama concerning Hazbin Hotel and it’s creator VivziePop, and while I don’t know her personally or really care what people think, I do hate slander and the spread of misinformation. Truly nothing in this world upsets me more than when people believe rumours while making no effort to fact check, and that’s exactly what’s happening right now. That said, I wanted to try and clear up some of the rumours going around about Vivzie and the show, because I think some of them are absolutely outrageous and need to be addressed.

1. Vivzie hired an abuser onto the show.

Now, I’m not here to burn anyone at the stake, especially since I don’t know anything about Chris Niosi (the alleged abuser), who I believe openly admitted to the allegations? Regardless, this is a moot point. He’s not credited anywhere at the end of the episode. So either he was booted before production wrapped up or he had nothing to do with the show in the first place.

2. Vivzie supports bestiality.

Admittedly I thought this one might be true, since she draws so many anthropomorphic animals. In the very least, I figured she was probably a furry, but I haven’t seen any evidence supporting this accusation either. Near as I can tell, this rumour started for two reasons. One, because of her famous Zoophobia comic, which revolves around a therapist named Cameron who gets assigned to work with human-like animals. Ironically, poor Cameron suffers from crippling zoophobia, which makes for some pretty decent comedy. I didn’t read the whole comic because, quite frankly, it’s not my cup of tea and I just don’t have the time. But from what I saw there are no examples of bestiality anywhere in its contents.

Two, this message, which blew up all over social media:

To me, this just proves that people are more interested in virtue signalling than checking to see if their claims are actually true. Everything about this message is 100% false, which I’ll touch on in my next point.

3. Vivzie is a pedophile and she’s drawn child porn.

This is hands down the worst allegation and holy shit, I really wish people would stop using it to defame someone when they don’t have any proof. This is a life-ruining accusation and you’re disgusting if you believe it based solely on hearsay. This rumour began to spread when Vivzie allegedly shipped the two underage characters in the above photo and drew them NSFW-style. At the time, one character was 19 while the other was 14, and the relationship was a very illegal student-teacher relationship.

This is WRONG! The characters were not 14 and 19, they were actually 18 and 19, the legal age of consent! Additionally, the relationship wasn’t student-teacher. One character is a student and the other is Alumni (a student teacher). This one pisses me off the most because it’s obvious the person who sent that message didn’t even bother to conduct any research. They said, “He’s a teacher, she’s a child.” Both characters are MALE!

Since then, Vivzie has apologised for any NSFW art she drew in the past and stated that it’s not a reflection of her art today, and I’m inclined to believe her. Almost every artist has drawn NSFW content at some point in their career, and hers wasn’t even distasteful. Other than this one example, there is no evidence anywhere that suggests she’s drawn “child porn”. In fact, she’s never even drawn explicit NSFW.

Please stop spreading this rumour. It’s dangerous and completely incorrect.

4. Vivzie said the “N” word!

No, she didn’t. It was a fabricated tweet. That is all.

5. Vivzie is copyright striking every video that criticises her!

No she isn’t. YouTube’s DMCA is automatically striking people who are using full clips without permission. Vivzie has gone public several times, telling people exactly how to avoid getting a copy strike from the algorithm, which is something she absolutely does not have to do. At this point, she doesn’t owe you anything. In my opinion, she should just sit back and watch these channels burn.

6. Vivzie copies and traces other artists’ work.

This is another one I’ve seen going around, but I looked into it as thoroughly as I could and failed to find any concrete evidence to support the allegations. As of right now, there are only two examples of Vivzie “copying” or “tracing” other artists’ work, and both of them can be explained. The first is a gif she made with a character from her Zoophobia comic, which looked a lot like the girl from ME!ME!ME!:

Damn, that’s pretty incriminating. She obviously stole– oh, wait. This gif was part of a ME!ME!ME! MEP (multi editor’s project) and Vivzie didn’t take full credit, despite the fact that it’s not even a direct trace. It’s supposed to look like the original, which she fully cited. The second example comes from a short dance sequence from her Timber video, which seems to have been inspired by several Disney movies. As Vivzie herself stated, that was an homage to the original animations. Lots of artists and shows do this, including the beloved Stephen Universe series.

Regardless, this doesn’t count as stealing character designs or plagiarising someone’s work. It’s meant to be respectful, an admiration of other projects. Other than these two instances, however, there is no evidence of her tracing or stealing other people’s art. From what I’ve discovered, all other designs she’s been accused of “stealing�� are characters she bought and paid for. They’re quite literally HER characters.

7. Vivzie supports problematic creators.

I’m getting really tired of guilt by association. Vivzie follows and enjoys some controversial figures, but who cares? We can argue all day about whether or not the accusations against them are true, but it ultimately has nothing to do with the show or Vivzie as a person. I do the exact same thing, to be honest– follow and listen to people on all sides so I can learn, understand, and form my own opinions. The fact that some people think this is bad, to me, is absolutely mesmerising. Vivzie doesn’t control what the people she follows post, and if they do something overly questionable she publicly criticises and denounces it.

From Vivzie:

Now that that’s been dealt with, I’d like to address some complaints/claims about the actual show.

8. Vaggie is an angry Latina stereotype and a lesbian stereotype. Vivzie is appropriating Hispanic culture and misrepresenting the gay for profit.

First off, I see a lot of people passing around yet more misinformation regarding Vivzie’s race. So many people seem to think she’s white? Well, I’m here to tell you they’re wrong. Very incorrect. Vivzie is in fact Latina, and Vaggie is meant to mirror some of her own personality traits.

Second, who is Vaggie mad at? Context matters, and if we take a look at the episode, we see that Vaggie is literally only mad at two specific people: Angel Dust and Alastor. Why? Well, for starters, it’s her girlfriend’s dream to run a rehab hotel for sinners, and Angel Dust nearly demolishes that dream single-handedly. Vaggie has every right to be over-the-top vitriolic. Then there’s Alastor, a known sadist, narcissist, and murderer who loves trapping people in his nefarious schemes. He invites himself in, effectively takes over the hotel, and pushes both her and Charlie aside. At one point he even sexually assaults her by slapping her butt during his musical number. So yeah, I think her seething ire is totally justified. Keep in mind, however, that when she’s around Charlie she’s calm, collected, and happy. I wouldn’t call that a stereotype.

Thirdly, the lesbian stereotypes. I keep hearing this argument but I really don’t see it. Both Vaggie and Charlie have so much personality and trust for each other. Maybe I’m wrong, but the stereotype I know always totes a more butch, tomboyish woman with a ditsy, innocent, naive woman. Charlie is optimistic, but she isn’t stupid. She refuses to shake Alastor’s hand because she knows he’s likely trying to screw her over. She’s also not entirely innocent herself and uses words like “fuck” and “shit”. I also wouldn’t call Vaggie butch or tomboyish. She has a cute, girly presentation, complete with a pink ribbon in her hair, lace stockings, and a dress. She’s protective of her girlfriend, as I think we all are with our partners, and there’s nothing wrong with that. They’re flawed characters, as every character is meant to be. This isn’t a problem.

9. The show is racist, sexist, homophobic, transphobic, blah, blah, blah.

I’m amazed this is even an argument. The show is supposed to be a dark comedy that takes place in HELL. You know, the place the worst of the worst end up after they die? What were you expecting? Everyone gets a shot or two fired at them, but that doesn’t make them bad characters nor does it make the show itself horrible. Take, for example, Katie Killjoy, the news reporter so many people are up in arms about. She says she doesn’t “touch the gays” because she has “standards”. Well, here’s a newsflash of my own: we’re not supposed to like her! She’s an antagonist. Not to mention ten seconds later Charlie insults her and isn’t the least bit slighted by her pretentious attitude. The characters are strong and don’t take shit from anyone, because to some degree they’re all terrible people who can throw down when it’s called for.

Obviously if you don’t like the show or think it’s offensive, I’m probably not going to change your mind. That’s perfectly fine. You’re entitled to your opinions and you don’t have to watch the show. Just stop lying and stop trying to take it away from everybody else. Stop attacking Vivzie and spreading misinformation without checking the facts. I realise a lot of people probably aren’t trying to be vindictive and only want to do something good, but just remember this: the road to hell is paved with good intentions.

#i deleted my first version of reblogging this because new evidence was shown to me that isnt covered in this post #my position here is I do not like misinformation whatsoever and find it very irresponsible to spread rumors based on no evidence #but theres some compelling evidence for her transphobia that I think people should look at.

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ghostinthepepper · 9 months ago

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Headcanon that for monsters it/its is the default to gender neutral pronoun to use when you don't know a person's gender rather than they/them

#ghost speaks #Silly self-indulgent headcanon and not based on any amount of evidence whatsoever (though there are a lot of it/its monsters <3)

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frwalkwithme · 2 months ago

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Wirt from Over The Garden Wall is such a relatable character because he's utterly convinced everyone hates him and thinks he's a loser based on practically no evidence whatsoever

#like yeah those girls are sort of antagonistic abt his crush on sara but other than that #when he shows up at that party everyone's glad to see him #and it's very clear that sara is interested in him and blatantly dislikes jason funderberker #anyways he's just like me #otgw wirt #otgw #over the garden wall

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mithliya · 4 months ago

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this is such a joke. you are all responsible for your own actions. “it’s the olympics fault we blindly jumped on a right wing racist bandwagon!” “it’s TRA’s fault we blindly jumped on a right wing racist bandwagon!” no, you’re responsible for your own actions. you blame TRAs for blindly believing their circle’s lies when several of you baselessly took part in a racist, intersexist bullying campaign against a woman from a 3rd world african country. this is not the first time it happens and until you take accountability, nothing will change.

harassment of gnc women when in women’s spaces is unjustifiable. do better.

Radfems really dropped the ball on the whole Olympics boxing saga. For a group that is supposedly against blindly believing the media, we've had too many people do too little fact checking with regards to these events.

It appears now that Khelif is biologically female with a DSD. We've lost all credibility and basically proven the TRAs right by jumping on the bandwagon to label an intersex woman as male. This is why I've always been against the "we can always tell" thing, because so many times we honestly can't, and to proclaim otherwise only gives the opposition more ammunition.

I've heard claims following this debacle that Reduxx might actually be a psyop to push gender-critical women further and further towards right-wing/racist/homophobic ideas and honestly those theories are starting to seem somewhat credible.

Sure, the IOC and other sporting bodies are partially to blame by destroying public trust and previously allowing males into women's competitions, but that doesn't negate that this is a major failure on the part of feminists.

#the pictures where they pretend imane khelif has a penis being spread around by radfems #the countless posts on here too arguing things that haven’t been confirmed whatsoever #pointing to her being gnc #be skeptical but don’t sit there trying to argue random woc are men based on little to no evidence #also pretending this is the first time JKR ’dropped the ball’ when she spread misinformation several times before this at this point

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zvaigzdelasas · 10 months ago

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[NewYorkTimes is Private US Media]

Over the past month, we’ve watched an astonishing, high-stakes global drama play out in The Hague. A group of countries from the poorer, less powerful bloc some call the global south, led by South Africa, dragged the government of Israel and, by extension, its rich, powerful allies into the top court of the Western rules-based order and accused Israel of prosecuting a brutal war in Gaza that is “genocidal in character.”

The responses to this presentation from the leading nations of that order were quick and blunt.

“Completely unjustified and wrong,” said a statement from Rishi Sunak, Britain’s prime minister.

“Meritless, counterproductive and completely without any basis in fact whatsoever,” said John Kirby, a spokesman for the United States National Security Council.

“The accusation has no basis in fact,” a German government spokesman said, adding that Germany opposed the “political instrumentalization” of the genocide statute.

But on Friday, that court had its say, issuing a sober and careful provisional ruling that doubled as a rebuke to those dismissals. In granting provisional measures, the court affirmed that some of South Africa’s allegations were plausible and called on Israel to take immediate steps to protect civilians, increase the amount of humanitarian aid and punish officials who engaged in violent and incendiary speech. The court stopped short of calling for a cease-fire, but it granted South Africa’s request for provisional measures to prevent further civilian death. For the most part, the court ruled in favor of the global south.[...]

The court was not asked to rule on whether Israel had in fact committed genocide, a matter that is likely to take years to adjudicate. Whatever the eventual outcome of the case, it sets up an epic battle over the meaning and values of the so-called rules-based order. If these rules don’t apply when powerful countries don’t want them to, are they rules at all?

“As long as those who make rules enforce them against others while believing that they and their allies are above those rules, the international governance system is in trouble,” Thuli Madonsela, one of South Africa’s leading legal minds and an architect of its post-apartheid Constitution, told me. “We say these rules are the rules when Russia invades Ukraine or when the Rohingya are being massacred by Myanmar, but if it’s now Israel butchering Palestinians, depriving them of food, displacing them en masse, then the rules don’t apply and whoever tries to apply the rules is antisemitic? It is really putting those rules in jeopardy.”[...]

The military campaign has “wreaked more destruction than the razing of Syria’s Aleppo between 2012 and 2016, Ukraine’s Mariupol or, proportionally, the Allied bombing of Germany in World War II,” the report quoted researchers as saying. The researchers, hardly some raving left-wing activists, are experts cited in one of the most respected news organizations in the world, The Associated Press.[...]

The International Court of Justice issued a nonbinding opinion in 2004 that the security barriers Israel was erecting in the West Bank violated international law, but that ruling has had no effect. The walls still stand.[...]

Indeed, what is a rules-based system if the rules apply only selectively and if seeking to apply them to certain countries is viewed as self-evidently prejudiced? To put it more simply, is there no venue in the international system to which the stateless people of Palestine and their allies and friends can go to seek redress amid the slaughter in Gaza? And if not, what are they to do?

For the cause of Palestinian statehood, every alternative to violence has been virtually snuffed out, in part because Israel’s allies have helped to discredit them. The most recent example is the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement that has, in many places, been successfully tarred as antisemitic or even banned altogether. Efforts to use the United Nations Security Council have drawn U.S. vetoes for decades. Is seeking redress at the appropriate venue for alleged violations of international law also antisemitic, as Israel’s defense minister said on Friday? Does no law apply to Israel? Are there no limits to what it may do to defend itself?[...]

The Biden administration has made the shoring up of the international rules-based order a centerpiece of its foreign policy but, unsurprisingly, has struggled to live up to that aspiration.[...]

Occasionally straying from your principles because circumstances require it is very different from being seen to have no principles at all, and that is precisely how much of the global south has come to regard the United States.

It seems especially shortsighted in these times that the Biden administration elected to wave away the carefully documented case prepared by South Africa. One of the biggest threats to the rules-based international order is the growing consensus in the poor world that the rich world will apply those rules selectively, at its discretion, when it suits the powerful nations that make up the global north, such as when Russia invaded Ukraine.[...]

As far as the rules-based order is concerned, when it comes to crimes like genocide and ethnic cleansing, it simply does not matter who started it. [...] The best way to shore up the rules-based order is to be seen, in word and deed, as committing to the institutions and moral commitments of that order.

28 Jan 24

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st-just · 3 months ago

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"people with political commitments I disagree with are all ugly, incompetent, socially unsuccessful virgins' a surprisingly common viewpoint - I mean, in general, given how trivially and self-evidently incorrect it is when talking about any ideology with any sort of real popular base and meaningful political influence whatsoever, but - especially on this website full of people who proudly understand themselves as being aligned against all the powers and potentates of the earth.

Like venture capitalists can afford dieticians and personal trainers (and plastic surgeons). If someone makes eight figures a year it's basically axiomatic that they can get laid if they want to. People whose entire livelihood and self-identity depends on networking and making deals probably get pretty good at it!

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goldensunset · 2 months ago

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haven’t even gotten to it yet i just had to pick up from the end of the first game’s section but i’m already WHEEZING at this. that’s not what i expected from manga nate’s personality

edit: oh i am so glad they really are called blake and whitley. i had heard they were called ‘black 2’ and ‘white 2’ 💀i am very glad that is not true

ok i’m gonna attempt to read the b2w2 arc of the pokespe if the website permits me to. wish me luck

#the impression i’ve always had of the gen 5 protags is as follows #hilbert: wet cat of a man. poor dude being named hilbert #hilda: cool fun girl #nate: cool chill guy #rosa: YIPPEEEEE (kind of a ditz)#these are based on absolutely no canon evidence whatsoever. entirely biased by fanon #i’m sure masters ex has its own thing to say on the subject and i’m completely wrong. but in my head this is what i think of #i knew about manga rosa being an ex-plasma member with a crush on n #i didn’t know manga nate was like that though. HELP. this is gonna be fun #b2w2 pokespe liveblog

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shinjisdone · 1 year ago

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When You Have An Secret Admirer - And Everybody Thinks It's Them (3; Octavinelle)

A love letter was left at your door and now you are searching for that ‘secret admirer’ - everyone wants to help you out…but have their own reason for it. Yet now, it seems like there are quite a few misunderstandings on campus...and everyone thinks they have finally found that secret admirer.

Spin-off of the first 'secert admirer’ series + form of headcanons

note: reader is gender-neutral but mostly mentioned in 2. pov; a series of everyone being mistaken for the secret admirer. headcanon will follow each char. own thoughts on the situation.]

“Hey…you think he could be the famous admirer of the Ramshakle prefect?”

Tag list: @justm3di0cr3 , @a-small-tyrant , @twistedcece , @savanaclaw1996

1;Heartslabyul

2; Savanaclaw

Azul Ashengrotto:

Euxkrbwöaöwlfffhsk - ???

UHM - wh-what a silly, little rumor! Ho-How, why would anyone think that???

There he goes, laughing awkwardly (almost like a sea witch)

He becomes a bit of a fidgety, awkward mess. Wherever he goes he really tries to uphold his 'cool, poised manner' but it simply fails time and time again when his own dorm theorizes about him being the secret admirer!

They aren't even rumors anymore! People wholeheartedly believe it!

After all, who else but the Azul Ashengrotto would be capable to plan and scheme to such extends? He is a schemer. It is in his nature after all.

If the many infamous tricks up his sleeves does not convince one, certainly his obvious pining for the perfect does.

Azul splutters- wha-wha- whatdoyoumean????

P-pining?! Ah - ahahahHAHAHAHA-JDKYJkekcislfks...

*heavy breathing as he hides himself in his pot*

Jade and Floyd may have just 1% of pity for him but the remaining 99% is spent on laughing at his misery. They are well aware that he is not the secret admirer - after all, the arguements of him being the one are solid, so they checked (not even Azul will take Shrimpy away from them) but kind of knew that he was too much of a coward to even display his affections for you, anonymous or not.

"No! This can't be!" Azul dramatically pants inside his pot, "I-I have to set this right!"

So here comes his plan to convince you that he is not the secret admirer.

Even though "convincing" is an overstatement. He would just be telling you the truth.

He likes you, yes...but Azul wouldn't ever have the courage to do the things the admirer did for you...

Maybe he doesn't deserve you, being the coward that he is...

So, he approaches you in a rather big crowd. Many hoop that Azul is finally going to reveal the identity of the admirer - he himself!

Yet, there is confusion and disappointment. The scheming Ashengrotto, pathetically putty in your hands, is not the one confessing in secret to you?

Azul is flustered beyond belief. Face a sweating, flushed mess as he stutters out the truth.

Well, the one truth besides his feelings for you.

"Ah, prefect...simply to make things c-clear. Your precious, dear s-secret admirer is not me. I can't have such reput-tation on me, for the sake of Mostro Lounge, you understand...I..."

He falters before forming a smile on his pained, red face.

"...I wouldn't do these things for you."

It hurts. It hurts, it hurts, it hurts but it has to be done.

He doesnt deserve you. Not a coward like him...but more like a brave hero.

Jade Leech

Oh my...is everyone this stupid?

Finds the whole ordeal funny. It is flattering in a way to be compared to the secret admirer, the one who seems to have your heart in their hands, but his dorm truly couldn't be that dumb, right?

No evidence whatsoever...just basing it all on his almost picture-perfect attitude.

Which is as flexible as the waves.

Definitely messes with the rest of the school. Oh, is he the admirer now or not? Hm, perhaps. Perhaps not.

Jade finds pleasure in tricking everyone in his usual fashion. However...

He'll have to realize that all good things come to an end. He will absolutely girlboss gatekeep gaslight mess with everyone but he cannot give you any doubts.

No, no. Jade likes to tease you but this whole ordeal of keeping a false identity would just hurt you. And Jade would never hurt you.

"My, my, Prefect...seems like everyone in the school caught the fungi. They believe me to be the secret admirer...flattering but I assure you, if I wanted to, I would have long conquered your heart."

Floyd Leech

HAHAHAHHAHA

Are you serious? Really, really serious?! Oh, this is hilarious!

You must be so dumb!

Floyd cannot stop laughing - guffawing, cackling, snickering, giggling- the whole stick. It is beyond funny that not even one, not two, not three but the majority think him to be the secret admirer!

Wjajfkwnq? Are you stupid? No, seriously, are you?

Have you seen Floyd? Experienced Floyd? The guy's a ticking time bomb full of unpredictability! He may do many things commit crimes if only he could :( but anyone with a brain knows he would not ever pull a 'secret admirer' stunt!

Floyd holds no secrets. His feelings are not secret. Especially his admiration for you.

Well, admiration is a strong word. More like, adoration? Fascination? End to his boredom???

Is it love when he tackles you from behind and hugs you so tight your spine threatens to snap?

Is it love when he lets you off the hook though and protects you from unwanted attention, students and situations? By becoming the bigger problem

It's a bit of a mystery...but what is sure is that unlike his brother, Floyd laughs at the faces of those who believe instead of taking it to his advantage to mess with them.

He won't even really bother to correct any of them, let alone give you any reassurance. He might break it to you unprompted and rather involuntarily.

"Ne, Shrimpy...these guppies are super funny but so dumb. They seriously think I did all that lovey-dovey stuff for you! Kyehehe! Don't they know that I already love you~?"

#twisted wonderland #twst #disney twisted wonderland #twst x reader #gender neutral imagine #twisted wonderland x reader #octavinelle #octavinelle x reader #azul ashengrotto #jade leech #floyd leech #twst secret admirer #Secret Admirer

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literaryvein-reblogs · 4 months ago

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Writing Notes: Logical Fallacies

A logical fallacy occurs when an argument is not adequately supported.

This can be the result of errors in reasoning, a lack of evidence, the author’s use of irrelevant points, or other reasoning moves that do not logically support the argument.

Advertisers, salespeople, politicians, and others might use logical fallacies to manipulate you.

Argument to the People (Appealing to Stirring Symbols)

Involves using a visual symbol (the American flag, pictures of babies, “Support the Troops” bumper sticker, etc.) of something that much of the public finds hard to reject but that has little relevance to the argument.

Example: Political candidates often use the American flag and other patriotic symbols in TV ads to appeal to and persuade citizens to vote for them.

Appeal to Pity (Ad misericordiam)

A verbal version of Argument to the People.

Example: A political candidate may tell stories about their life that are not connected to their platforms.

Like Arguments to the People, Appeals to Pity are fallacious if they are irrelevant to the argument in question; pity for the candidate should not be a reason why citizens vote for them.

In some cases—for example, when soliciting money for people whose incomes are below the federal poverty threshold or for the Humane Society—appeals to pity may be legitimately used.

Erroneous Appeal to Authority

Example: Years ago, a commercial for Bufferin Aspirin used Erroneous Appeal to Authority by featuring people on the street lining up to ask Angela Lansbury, a popular actress at the time with no medical authority whatsoever, questions about the pain reliever.

Ad Hominem (“to the person”)

Involves a personal attack on the character of the opponent rather than on the argument itself.

Example: Criticizing a restaurant because the chef is “too skinny,” rather than focusing on the merits of the restaurant’s food, service, atmosphere, or other relevant aspect is an ad hominem attack.

However, an ad hominem argument that is relevant to the issue (“Rinalda Gooch will not make a good President because she faints every time she tries to make a speech”) is not a logical fallacy.

Shifting the Issue (Red Herring)

Refers to the arguer’s changing the subject to avoid dealing with an unpleasant aspect of the argument.

Example: When a reporter questioned candidate Stone about her past marijuana use, she responded, “Why haven’t you asked my opponent about his drinking?”

Hasty Generalization

Means to argue on the assumption that an entire group shares the same traits as one or two examples of that group.

Example: “Women should not be considered for high political office because they’re too emotional to make thoughtful decisions.”

Appeal to Popularity (Bandwagon)

An argument based on the premise that an idea or product has merit just because it is popular.

Example: “All the cool kids are wearing Stinko sneakers this season,” the saleswoman told the boy. “You don’t want to be left out, do you?”

Begging the Question

Involves “supporting” an argument by stating the argument in different words.

Example: “We need to bomb evildoers because they are guilty of horrendous acts,” basically restates the claim (evildoers are people who do evil) instead of stating a reason why bombing the “evildoers” is a good thing to do.

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

An argument that uses Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc (“after this, therefore because of this”) illogically suggests that because one event followed another, the first event caused the second to occur.

Example: “The fact that students cut their hair over the weekend and their test scores were higher on Monday shows that shorter hair leads to good grades.”

False Dilemma or Dichotomy (Either/Or)

This argument attempts to sway opinion by making it seem as if the only alternative to a proposed argument is one that is obviously unacceptable.

Example: “We must fight the enemy in their land so they don’t follow us to ours” suggests -- but does not attempt to show -- that one country’s aggression is the only way to decrease another country’s aggression.

The Slippery Slope

This argument attempts to dissuade people from taking or allowing a specific action because it might cause a particular condition to spiral out of control – no matter how far-fetched.

Example: “Legalizing same-sex marriage could lead to legalizing marriage between people and their pets!”

If these notes are helpful in your writing, do tag me, or send me a link to your work. I would love to read it!

Writing Notes & References

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