#adenyl

[fieriframes]

[Adenylic.]

[sarcasmandships]

studying by imagining all the long gene names and neurochemicals that i need to know for my exam are fall out boy song titles

[swan-of-sunrise]

The Halcyon Hypothesis

Summary: A chance meeting on the New York subway between a stressed-out graduate student and a brilliant but dorky scientist takes a surprising turn in both of their lives.

Pairing: Bruce Banner X Reader

Word Count: 2.1k

Warnings/Disclaimers: None

A/N: Here’s another little one-shot I found hiding on an old flash drive! It’s officially dedicated to all you guys who’ve been struggling with finals and to all the other Bruce Banner fans out there lol thank you for reading, I hope you all enjoy!  

The Halcyon Hypothesis (Fanfiction Masterlist)

“Dammit!” (Y/N) swore under her breath as she edged her way into the extremely cramped train and tried not to lose grip on the large stack of notes in her arms. People funneled into the train behind her and in no time, she was crammed tightly into the train as the doors closed; if Professor Taylors hadn’t kept us after class, I’d be on an almost-deserted train right now with my own personal space, she thought with annoyance as the train began to move, but at least I can still cram a little studying in.

She planted her feet so the motions of the train wouldn’t cause her to lose balance and opened her notebook to her most recent notes. Sweat-covered passengers shifted around her as more and more people boarded at the next several stops, but she did her best to ignore them as she struggled to understand everything she’d hastily jotted down earlier. Burnout was hitting her hard as the fall semester drew to a close and her roommates were in the midst of a fight of epic proportions, so the only think keeping her going was the six cups of coffee she’d already had and the promise of another when she arrived back home. All of a sudden, the train slammed on its brakes harder than usual; most of the other passengers were holding onto hand straps but since (Y/N) wasn’t, the train’s jarring movement sent her stumbling into the man standing next to her. “Shit, sorry about that.”

“That’s okay. There’s an extra hand strap over here if you wanna use it.”

(Y/N) glanced up from her notes and momentarily forgot to speak when she caught sight of the man’s kindly smile and strangely-captivating eyes. “I’m fine, I’ve gotta hold my notes.”

The man nodded in understanding and she returned her focus to the scribbles on her page of notes. A few moments later, though, the man spoke again. “You mixed up a couple of your definitions.”

“Excuse me?”

He looked a little startled by her annoyed reply, but nevertheless he continued. “The, um, the definitions for adenosine triphosphate and adenylate cyclase at the top of your page should be swapped.”

Still slightly irritated that her studying was interrupted again, (Y/N) looked at the definitions he spoke of and to her surprise, the man was correct. “Well, I’ll be damned. Are you a biology expert or something?”

“You could say that. I, ah, actually have one of my PhD’s in it,” The man replied. Instead of acting smug about his apparent multiple doctorates, he seemed a little embarrassed to have mentioned them at all; he rubbed his neck awkwardly with his free hand and looked at everything in the train car but her as his ears flushed a vivid shade of pink.

His shyness is kinda cute, (Y/N) thought with a growing smile, her earlier annoyance long-gone. “That’s cool! I’m working on my master’s in biology right now and I can’t even imagine working on a doctorate; I’ve never been more stressed in my life. So stressed, apparently, that I can’t tell the difference between a nucleotide and an enzyme! It’s just that my professors won’t ease up on the workload and things are a little tense with my roommates so I don’t get much studying in at home, and-” She stopped her rambling and cringed internally; why the hell was she unloading all this onto a stranger on a train? “Sorry, I didn’t mean to go on a rant there. Stress, you know…”

“That’s okay, stress can make people do a lot of weird things.” The man’s eyes were unfocused, as if he was thinking about something else, but the strange look disappeared after a moment and was replaced with a bashful grin. “…If you want, I could look over your notes to make sure everything’s correct? Not that it’s not correct, of course! I’m sure it’s great, but, you know, just to be on the safe side…?”

“Um…sure, I guess. Thanks!” (Y/N) handed him her notebook and pencil and watched as he began flipping through the pages, scanning the information and used the pencil to make corrections when necessary. The train clinked and clanked along as he remained concentrated on his work, and (Y/N) took the opportunity to examine him a little. His dark curly hair was streaked with a few strands of grey, even though he appeared to be on the younger side. I’d probably have grey hair too if I had more than one doctorate, she thought with an inward chuckle before resuming her observations. He wore wire-framed glasses that had a tendency to slide down his nose, and she could clearly see the smile lines that surrounded his vivid green eyes. Just as she was debating whether or not she should try to give him her number or just simply ask for the handsome stranger’s name, he closed her notebook and looked up at her.

“Well, there were a couple of mistakes with some formulas but other than that, everything looks great! Not bad for a person who says they don’t know the difference between a nucleotide and an enzyme.” His teasing words and flirtatious smile caused her stomach to flutter.

“Thank you,” She took her notebook back and clutched it to her chest. “Now I’ve just gotta study all this and try to pass my final on Friday.”

“I’m sure you’ll do fine; your notes are very thorough and well-written, so you shouldn’t have any problem.”

“Easy for you to say, dude, you’ve probably got half-a-dozen PhD’s under your belt.” Her eyebrows rose when he gave her a sheepish look. “You’ve got more than that?”

The man shrugged as he shuffled his feet in embarrassment. “I’m not really the type to brag.” A silence fell over them for several moments until he spoke up again, his timid green eyes fixated on hers. “I, um, I just wanted to say that I think it’s wonderful you’re involved in the sciences…as a woman, I mean, because women haven’t always been encouraged into pursuing STEM careers but times are finally changing and I…well, I-I think it’s admirable.” He rubbed his neck awkwardly and he gave her a half smile that made her heart skip a beat. “You know, it’s like what Nichelle Nichols used to say: ‘Science is not a boy’s game, it’s not a girl’s game. It’s everyone’s game. It’s about where we are…’”

“‘…and where we’re going.’” (Y/N) smiled bashfully at the impressed look he was giving her and fiddled with the metal spiral holding her notebook together. “Lieutenant Uhura was my favorite Star Trek character when I was a kid. That’s sweet of you to say, Doctor…?”

“Bruce. My name’s Bruce.”

She shook his outstretched hand. “(Y/N).” Their eyes met and her breath hitched as she took in the intensity of his gaze, barely aware that their hands were still touching and that she could smell his intoxicating cedar cologne. The intensity of her courses that semester meant that she hadn’t had much time for romance but judging by the way she felt herself react to Bruce in the brief amount of time she’d known him, she could easily imagine herself charging headfirst back into the world of dating alongside the handsome scientist standing so close to her.

“Now approaching Grand Central Station!”

“This is me,” Bruce looked almost disappointed at the announcement but then his green eyes suddenly lit up; he scrambled to pull his wallet out and finally pulled out a business card as the train stopped and the doors opened. “Here’s my number, let me know how your test goes! It was really nice talking to you, (Y/N)!” With a small wave, he pushed through the packed train and out of sight.

“Bye Bruce,” (Y/N) mumbled dejectedly; she’d finally met a nice guy but he was gone as quickly as he came. But at least I have his number, she thought with a growing grin, her heart feeling lighter than it had in a long while. She looked down at the business card in her hand and nearly dropped it in surprise, for printed neatly on the card was the name Dr. Bruce Banner. “Holy shit! I had an Avenger look over my biology notes?!”

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

“So, let me get this straight: you met a beautiful woman on the subway the other day, bonded over your shared nerdy love of science and Star Trek, and even stared into each other’s eyes for a little bit like they do in those cheesy Hallmark Christmas movies…yet you didn’t bother to try and get her number? Geez, you’re rustier at all this than Capsicle!”

Pulling away from his microscope, Bruce took his glasses off and pinched the bridge of his nose. “I already told you, Tony, I gave her my business card before I got off the train. If she wants to contact me, then she will and we can see where we go from there.”

Tony rolled his eyes and sighed as he spun his desk chair around in a circle. “Yeah, that’s just the way every woman dreams of being wooed. Ever hear of romance, Brucie?”

“Did you seriously just call me-?”

“If you knew her last name and where she went to school, then we could have J.A.R.V.I.S. track her down and then you could go down there and surprise her…” The billionaire’s face illuminated with a bright smile. “I’m talking flowers, chocolates, expensive dinner reservations, front-row tickets to Hamilton, the whole shebang. You could easily sweep this chick off her exhausted and stressed-out feet, dude, if only you’d just bothered to take a page out of your BFF’s book.”

Bruce snorted. “And conversely, have you ever heard of stalking in the fourth degree? Those tricks might work with Pepper but you’re you and I’m me, Tony, and I’m definitely not the kind of guy that women would want to be swept off their feet by. I can’t even remember when I last went on a date, it’s been so long-”

The muffled chiming of Bruce’s cellphone echoed throughout the laboratory and interrupted his protests; he unearthed the phone from beneath a pile of loose papers and frowned when he noticed a new text message from an unknown number, but his confusion quickly shifted to elation once he read the text.

Unknown: Hi Bruce, this is (Y/N) from the train. You’ll be pleased to know that I got an A on my final!

The gif of a cutely-animated Spock dancing around in circles on the bridge of the U.S.S. Enterprise made Bruce snort in amusement, and it was soon followed up by a second text.

Unknown: Would it be too forward to ask if I can buy you a coffee, to thank you again for double-checking my notes and brightening my day?

“It seems that I might’ve misjudged your mystery lady…” Tony admitted as he peered over Bruce’s shoulder at the cell phone in his hand, a small but genuine smile on his bearded face. “You know what the word ‘halcyon’ means? It indicates a period of time in the past that was idyllically happy and peaceful, but a funny thing about that word is that can also describe happiness in the general sense.” Bruce arched a brow and the billionaire shrugged. “Pepper’s got me listening to some philosophy podcasts, they’re weird but pretty good. My point is that your chance for halcyon isn’t gone, my Jolly Green friend; it’s quite literally in the palm of your hand, but you’ve gotta be the one to hold on tight to it.”

The billionaire clapped Bruce on the shoulder and whistled a show-tune as he left him alone in the laboratory. The scientist reveled in the lighthearted feeling that threatened to consume him, unable to recall the last instance he’d felt so pleased to receive a simple text; (Y/N) knew about the Other Guy and the life Bruce led as an Avenger, and yet she still reached out on her own volition and even invited him out for coffee. It was presumptive to assume she felt the same way about him, but he’d be naïve not to acknowledge the intensity that had been evident in her (Y/E/C) eyes when they shook hands on the train.

“It’s just a cup of coffee,” Bruce muttered to himself, nervously biting his lip as he stared down at his phone, his thumbs hovering over the keyboard in hesitation. “Not necessarily my halcyon…”

The scientist typed out his enthusiastic reply and he couldn’t help but smile again, his heart hammering away in his chest as he thought about all the data he’d need to collect to prove his halcyon hypothesis correct and how nice it would be to have a scientist as lovely as (Y/N) to conduct some experiments alongside.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

A/N: Aww, I love a happy ending! Bonus points to anyone who can guess which show-tune Tony was humming (Hint: It’s from an old film musical that people consider to be a Christmas movie lol). Thank you all so much for reading and commenting, and I hope that you have a wonderful holiday season!

Fanfiction Masterlist

Marvel Taglist: @brooke0297

All Works: @crowleysqueenofhell @momc95 @groovy-lady​

[moleculardepot]

Adenosine 5′-monophosphate Disodium Salt

Adenosine 5′-monophosphate Disodium Salt Catalog number: B2017898 Lot number: Batch Dependent Expiration Date: Batch dependent Amount: 1 g Molecular Weight or Concentration: 391.18 g/mol Supplied as: Powder Applications: a molecular tool for various biochemical applications Storage: RT Keywords: 5′-AMPdisodium salt,, Adenylic acid disodium salt, 5′-AMP-Na2 Grade: Biotechnology grade. All products…

[rnomics]

Fishes, Vol. 9, Pages 287: Sex Differences in the Brain Transcriptomes of Adult Blue Gourami Fish (Trichogaster trichopterus)

Blue gourami (gourami, Trichogaster trichopterus) is a model for labyrinth fishes (Anabantoidei) adapted to partial air breathing. Its reproductive endocrinology has been extensively studied, and transcriptomic sex differences in the gonads were described. Nevertheless, sex differences in gene expression in non-gonadal tissues ostensibly affected by the sex-specific hormonal balance, e.g., the brain, are unknown. To assess such differences, we used bulk #RNA-seq to assemble and compare polyA+ transcriptomes between whole brains of four adult male and five adult female gourami, in addition to other tissues (three dorsal fin and five ovary samples) from the same female group. While all nine brain transcriptomes clustered together relative to the other tissues, they showed separation according to sex. A total of 3568 genes were differentially expressed between male and female brains; of these, 1962 and 1606 showed lower and higher expression in males, respectively. Male brains showed stronger down-regulation of specific genes, which included hormone receptors, e.g., pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor (pacap-r1). Among the genes with lower expression in male brains, multiple pathways essential to brain function were over-represented, including GABA, acetylcholine and glutamate receptor signaling, calcium and potassium transmembrane transport, and neurogenesis. In contrast, genes with higher expression in male brains showed no significant over-representation of brain-specific functions. To measure the #mRNA levels of specific hormone receptors known from prior studies to regulate reproductive function and behavior in gourami and to validate #RNA-seq results for these specific genes, we performed RT-qPCR for five receptors, pacap-r1, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 receptor (gnrh2r), kisspeptin receptor 1 (gpαr1/kiss1), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (igf1r), and membrane progesterone receptor 1 (mpr1), in the brain #RNA sample groups. Of these, pacap-r1 showed a significant, three-fold down-regulation, while gpαr1/kiss1 showed a significant two-fold down-regulation in male vs. female gourami brains. Our results are novel in describing the suppression of brain function-related gene expression in male, as compared to female, gourami brains. Further research is needed to assess the behavioral significance of this effect and its prevalence in other vertebrate groups. https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/7/287?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=tumblr

[healthylifestyle477]

Transform Your Health: Discover the #1 Rated Blood Sugar Formula with 8 Potent Ingredients for Weight Loss and Energy

Managing blood sugar levels and maintaining a healthy weight can be challenging, especially with the fast-paced lifestyle many of us lead. However, a groundbreaking solution called Sugar Defender is here to help you achieve your health goals quickly, easily, and from the comfort of your home.

In this post, we'll dive into how Sugar Defender can transform your health by supporting healthy blood sugar levels and promoting weight loss with its unique blend of 8 carefully-selected ingredients. Plus, we'll explore the benefits of each ingredient and discuss the risk-free 60-day guarantee that makes trying Sugar Defender a no-brainer.

The Science Behind Sugar Defender

Sugar Defender is formulated to assist in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels while promoting weight loss. This powerful supplement combines eight potent ingredients known for their health benefits. Let’s take a closer look at these ingredients and how they contribute to your overall well-being.

1. Eleuthero

Increases Energy and Reduces Fatigue

Eleuthero, also known as Siberian ginseng, is an adaptogen that helps the body adapt to stress. It boosts energy levels, reduces fatigue, and improves mental clarity, making it easier to stay active and focused throughout the day.

2. Coleus

Fat Burning Aid

Coleus forskohlii is a plant known for its fat-burning properties. It helps to activate an enzyme called adenylate cyclase, which increases levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the body. This, in turn, stimulates the breakdown of fat cells and promotes weight loss.

3. Maca Root

Boosts Your Energy

Maca root, a Peruvian plant, is renowned for its ability to enhance energy and stamina. It also helps balance hormones, which can improve overall mood and well-being.

4. African Mango

Fat Burning Agent

African Mango extract, derived from the seeds of the Irvingia gabonensis tree, is known for its weight loss benefits. It helps to reduce appetite, boost metabolism, and burn fat more effectively.

5. Guarana

Stimulates Your Metabolism

Guarana is a natural stimulant that comes from the seeds of a South American plant. It contains caffeine, which boosts metabolism and increases energy levels, helping you stay active and burn more calories.

6. Gymnema

Supports Healthy Heart & Blood Sugar

Gymnema sylvestre is a herb that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to manage blood sugar levels. It helps reduce sugar absorption in the intestines and supports healthy insulin function, promoting balanced blood sugar levels.

7. Ginseng

Supports Healthy Blood Glucose

Ginseng is a well-known adaptogen that supports healthy blood glucose levels. It enhances insulin sensitivity and helps regulate blood sugar levels, making it a valuable ingredient for overall metabolic health.

8. Chromium

Reduces Obesity & Lowers Blood Pressure

Chromium is a trace mineral that plays a crucial role in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It helps to reduce body fat, improve muscle mass, and lower blood pressure, contributing to better overall health.

The Sugar Defender Promise: A Risk-Free 60-Day Guarantee

We understand that trying a new supplement can be daunting, especially when it comes to your health. That’s why every bottle of Sugar Defender comes with a full 60-day guarantee. You can try it out and see its improving effects on your blood sugar and weight loss with absolutely no risk whatsoever.

If you don’t experience the desired results within 60 days, you can return the product for a full refund, no questions asked. This guarantee ensures that you can take the first step towards better health with confidence.

Conclusion

Sugar Defender has already helped thousands of people improve their blood sugar levels and lose weight safely and effectively. With its powerful blend of eight potent ingredients, this supplement can help you achieve your health goals quickly and easily, right from your home.

Don't let uncertainty hold you back from transforming your health. Try Sugar Defender today and experience the benefits for yourself. With the 60-day risk-free guarantee, you have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

Start your journey to better health now and discover the difference Sugar Defender can make in your life.

for more detail click on this link:https://tinyurl.com/5hapbvpf

[theindieearthin]

5 Herbs that can dissolve Cellulite Easily

Cellulite is a nagging beauty problem affecting nine out of ten women globally. The aesthetically unpleasant appearance of cellulite resembles an orange rind referring to it as ‘orange peel skin’. Factors responsible for cellulite appearance include dehydration and fluid retention, low fiber and protein diet, obesity, lack of proper blood flow, low potassium intake, genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalance, and most probably the weak collagen structure of the skin. If you want to get rid of these unsightly-looking lumpy and dimpling body parts, you should consider using some natural herbs.

5 Herbs that can dissolve cellulite easily

Cellulite is the accumulation of fat underneath your skin causing uneven, lumpy, or dimpled appearances of muscle on the abdomen, thighs, hips, and even breast. In fact, it is a skin condition that may occur due to weight gain, estrogenic hormones, pregnancy, genetic factors, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Most women are prone to suffer from this condition. Although many fruits and vegetables containing vitamin C, potassium and Omega 3 can naturally help reduce cellulite severity, here we would like to mention five magical herbs that can be used to reduce this skin abnormality. Following are some of the herbs which are very helpful in cutting Cellulite and giving you smooth, fresh skin:

1. Coleus Forskohlii

This herb is from the extract of the roots of Coleus Forskohlii. It belongs to the mint family which grows in warm and subtropical temperatures. Its anthelmintic action is efficient in curing skin infections and eruptions. This is a powerful herb containing an active ingredient ”forskohlii” which acts as a conditioning agent for the skin. It improves the elasticity and firmness of the skin by dislodging fat deposits under the skin. Forskohlii produces enzymes called lipase and adenylate cyclase which help in the reduction of weight loss. This loss in weight leads to curing Cellulite.

2. Boswellia

Commonly known as Indian frankincense, this tree contains anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral properties. This herb is rich in Boswellic acid and is clinically proven for skin firming. It acts as an anti-inflammatory for the skin, thus improving elasticity. It is among the most popular natural herbs for the treatment of skin allergies.

Nowadays, a number of creams and lotions are available in the market containing the active ingredient Boswellia and now some capsules are found containing Boswellia serrata extracts available for therapeutic use.

3. Amarnath

A rich source of vitamins and squalene, Amarnath maintains the moisture of skin leaving it firm and supple. Amarnath or Amarantus is the first choice of many people in treating cellulite.

4. Olive Oil

For a long time, olives have been known for their beauty benefits and it provides optimum moisturization to the skin and comforts the damaged skin. When olives are combined with coffee grounds, they can give a prominent reduction in Cellulite. Keeping the skin smooth, olives provide long-lasting moisture because it is a natural emollient.

Eating olives can boost up the production of adiponectin chemicals which helps in burning the fats from the body, hence decreasing the effect of Cellulite. Olives are rich in antioxidants which neutralize free radicals and maintain beautiful and healthy skin. The free radicals attack skin tissues and provide smoothness to the skin. Olives can be consumed by making a tincture, or tea or simply chewing it. Warm olive oil is the most effective in Cellulite.

5. Black Pepper

It has tetrahydropiperine which enhances the dermal penetration of natural bioactive cells.  Black Pepper also burns fat, regulates circulation, and increases metabolism. Black Pepper essential oil increases circulation and helps in removing Cellulite. This oil is extracted from pepper nightmare plants and has therapeutic properties such as antiseptic, analgesic, antioxidants, etc.

Black pepper is rich in antioxidants that fight the free radicals which make the skin soft and radiant. The pungent component Piperine, which is found in Black Pepper, blocks the formation of new fat cells and helps in the reduction of weight. This weight loss removes fat from under the skin and helps cut Cellulite.

Buy – The Indie Earth Anti Cellulite Slimming Massage Oil

Conclusion

Hormonal factors and genetics both play a vital role in the cause of Cellulite. However, lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, Fad dieting, slow metabolism, lack of physical activity, and total body fat can also become causes Cellulite.  You may find many synthetic medicines and creams on the market for the treatment of cellulite.  Most of such artificial drugs may help reduce this skin condition but afore-said ideal herbs can help you get rid of cellulite easily without side effects on your body.

The Indie Earth Anti Cellulite Slimming Massage oil is loaded with all these and several more ingredients that help reduce cellulite.

We are very fortunate to have the remedy of Cellulite in nature itself. So before going for any medical treatment, it is always better to try herbal treatment which doesn’t have any side effects.

Get more information - https://theindieearth.in/5-herbs-that-can-dissolve-cellulite-easily/

[sunaleisocial]

Using MRI, engineers have found a way to detect light deep in the brain

New Post has been published on https://sunalei.org/news/using-mri-engineers-have-found-a-way-to-detect-light-deep-in-the-brain/

Using MRI, engineers have found a way to detect light deep in the brain

Scientists often label cells with proteins that glow, allowing them to track the growth of a tumor, or measure changes in gene expression that occur as cells differentiate.

While this technique works well in cells and some tissues of the body, it has been difficult to apply this technique to image structures deep within the brain, because the light scatters too much before it can be detected.

MIT engineers have now come up with a novel way to detect this type of light, known as bioluminescence, in the brain: They engineered blood vessels of the brain to express a protein that causes them to dilate in the presence of light. That dilation can then be observed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), allowing researchers to pinpoint the source of light.

“A well-known problem that we face in neuroscience, as well as other fields, is that it’s very difficult to use optical tools in deep tissue. One of the core objectives of our study was to come up with a way to image bioluminescent molecules in deep tissue with reasonably high resolution,” says Alan Jasanoff, an MIT professor of biological engineering, brain and cognitive sciences, and nuclear science and engineering.

The new technique developed by Jasanoff and his colleagues could enable researchers to explore the inner workings of the brain in more detail than has previously been possible.

Jasanoff, who is also an associate investigator at MIT’s McGovern Institute for Brain Research, is the senior author of the study, which appears today in Nature Biomedical Engineering. Former MIT postdocs Robert Ohlendorf and Nan Li are the lead authors of the paper.

Detecting light

Bioluminescent proteins are found in many organisms, including jellyfish and fireflies. Scientists use these proteins to label specific proteins or cells, whose glow can be detected by a luminometer. One of the proteins often used for this purpose is luciferase, which comes in a variety of forms that glow in different colors.

Jasanoff’s lab, which specializes in developing new ways to image the brain using MRI, wanted to find a way to detect luciferase deep within the brain. To achieve that, they came up with a method for transforming the blood vessels of the brain into light detectors. A popular form of MRI works by imaging changes in blood flow in the brain, so the researchers engineered the blood vessels themselves to respond to light by dilating.

“Blood vessels are a dominant source of imaging contrast in functional MRI and other non-invasive imaging techniques, so we thought we could convert the intrinsic ability of these techniques to image blood vessels into a means for imaging light, by photosensitizing the blood vessels themselves,” Jasanoff says.

To make the blood vessels sensitive to light, the researcher engineered them to express a bacterial protein called Beggiatoa photoactivated adenylate cyclase (bPAC). When exposed to light, this enzyme produces a molecule called cAMP, which causes blood vessels to dilate. When blood vessels dilate, it alters the balance of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, which have different magnetic properties. This shift in magnetic properties can be detected by MRI.

BPAC responds specifically to blue light, which has a short wavelength, so it detects light generated within close range. The researchers used a viral vector to deliver the gene for bPAC specifically to the smooth muscle cells that make up blood vessels. When this vector was injected in rats, blood vessels throughout a large area of the brain became light-sensitive.

“Blood vessels form a network in the brain that is extremely dense. Every cell in the brain is within a couple dozen microns of a blood vessel,” Jasanoff says. “The way I like to describe our approach is that we essentially turn the vasculature of the brain into a three-dimensional camera.”

Once the blood vessels were sensitized to light, the researchers implanted cells that had been engineered to express luciferase if a substrate called CZT is present. In the rats, the researchers were able to detect luciferase by imaging the brain with MRI, which revealed dilated blood vessels.

Tracking changes in the brain

The researchers then tested whether their technique could detect light produced by the brain’s own cells, if they were engineered to express luciferase. They delivered the gene for a type of luciferase called GLuc to cells in a deep brain region known as the striatum. When the CZT substrate was injected into the animals, MRI imaging revealed the sites where light had been emitted.

This technique, which the researchers dubbed bioluminescence imaging using hemodynamics, or BLUsH, could be used in a variety of ways to help scientists learn more about the brain, Jasanoff says.

For one, it could be used to map changes in gene expression, by linking the expression of luciferase to a specific gene. This could help researchers observe how gene expression changes during embryonic development and cell differentiation, or when new memories form. Luciferase could also be used to map anatomical connections between cells or to reveal how cells communicate with each other.

The researchers now plan to explore some of those applications, as well as adapting the technique for use in mice and other animal models.

The research was funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Foundation, Lore McGovern, Gardner Hendrie, Brendan Fikes, a fellowship from the German Research Foundation, a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellowship from the European Union, and a Y. Eva Tan Fellowship and a J. Douglas Tan Fellowship, both from the McGovern Institute for Brain Research.

[jcmarchi]

Using MRI, engineers have found a way to detect light deep in the brain

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/using-mri-engineers-have-found-a-way-to-detect-light-deep-in-the-brain/

Using MRI, engineers have found a way to detect light deep in the brain

Scientists often label cells with proteins that glow, allowing them to track the growth of a tumor, or measure changes in gene expression that occur as cells differentiate.

While this technique works well in cells and some tissues of the body, it has been difficult to apply this technique to image structures deep within the brain, because the light scatters too much before it can be detected.

MIT engineers have now come up with a novel way to detect this type of light, known as bioluminescence, in the brain: They engineered blood vessels of the brain to express a protein that causes them to dilate in the presence of light. That dilation can then be observed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), allowing researchers to pinpoint the source of light.

“A well-known problem that we face in neuroscience, as well as other fields, is that it’s very difficult to use optical tools in deep tissue. One of the core objectives of our study was to come up with a way to image bioluminescent molecules in deep tissue with reasonably high resolution,” says Alan Jasanoff, an MIT professor of biological engineering, brain and cognitive sciences, and nuclear science and engineering.

The new technique developed by Jasanoff and his colleagues could enable researchers to explore the inner workings of the brain in more detail than has previously been possible.

Jasanoff, who is also an associate investigator at MIT’s McGovern Institute for Brain Research, is the senior author of the study, which appears today in Nature Biomedical Engineering. Former MIT postdocs Robert Ohlendorf and Nan Li are the lead authors of the paper.

Detecting light

Bioluminescent proteins are found in many organisms, including jellyfish and fireflies. Scientists use these proteins to label specific proteins or cells, whose glow can be detected by a luminometer. One of the proteins often used for this purpose is luciferase, which comes in a variety of forms that glow in different colors.

Jasanoff’s lab, which specializes in developing new ways to image the brain using MRI, wanted to find a way to detect luciferase deep within the brain. To achieve that, they came up with a method for transforming the blood vessels of the brain into light detectors. A popular form of MRI works by imaging changes in blood flow in the brain, so the researchers engineered the blood vessels themselves to respond to light by dilating.

“Blood vessels are a dominant source of imaging contrast in functional MRI and other non-invasive imaging techniques, so we thought we could convert the intrinsic ability of these techniques to image blood vessels into a means for imaging light, by photosensitizing the blood vessels themselves,” Jasanoff says.

To make the blood vessels sensitive to light, the researcher engineered them to express a bacterial protein called Beggiatoa photoactivated adenylate cyclase (bPAC). When exposed to light, this enzyme produces a molecule called cAMP, which causes blood vessels to dilate. When blood vessels dilate, it alters the balance of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, which have different magnetic properties. This shift in magnetic properties can be detected by MRI.

BPAC responds specifically to blue light, which has a short wavelength, so it detects light generated within close range. The researchers used a viral vector to deliver the gene for bPAC specifically to the smooth muscle cells that make up blood vessels. When this vector was injected in rats, blood vessels throughout a large area of the brain became light-sensitive.

“Blood vessels form a network in the brain that is extremely dense. Every cell in the brain is within a couple dozen microns of a blood vessel,” Jasanoff says. “The way I like to describe our approach is that we essentially turn the vasculature of the brain into a three-dimensional camera.”

Once the blood vessels were sensitized to light, the researchers implanted cells that had been engineered to express luciferase if a substrate called CZT is present. In the rats, the researchers were able to detect luciferase by imaging the brain with MRI, which revealed dilated blood vessels.

Tracking changes in the brain

The researchers then tested whether their technique could detect light produced by the brain’s own cells, if they were engineered to express luciferase. They delivered the gene for a type of luciferase called GLuc to cells in a deep brain region known as the striatum. When the CZT substrate was injected into the animals, MRI imaging revealed the sites where light had been emitted.

This technique, which the researchers dubbed bioluminescence imaging using hemodynamics, or BLUsH, could be used in a variety of ways to help scientists learn more about the brain, Jasanoff says.

For one, it could be used to map changes in gene expression, by linking the expression of luciferase to a specific gene. This could help researchers observe how gene expression changes during embryonic development and cell differentiation, or when new memories form. Luciferase could also be used to map anatomical connections between cells or to reveal how cells communicate with each other.

The researchers now plan to explore some of those applications, as well as adapting the technique for use in mice and other animal models.

The research was funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Foundation, Lore McGovern, Gardner Hendrie, Brendan Fikes, a fellowship from the German Research Foundation, a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellowship from the European Union, and a Y. Eva Tan Fellowship and a J. Douglas Tan Fellowship, both from the McGovern Institute for Brain Research.

[usmedilife12health]

Does Orcibest increase heart rate?

Orcibest Tablet is a Tablet manufactured by ZYDUS CADILA.

It is commonly used for the diagnosis or treatment of Asthma, lung disorder , constriction of the air passages.

It has some side effects such as Abnormally rapid heart rate,Coughing,Chest pain,Bad taste.

Orcibest Tablet is a bronchodilator medicine that is used to relieve symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, breathing difficulties, coughing, etc. caused by asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Orcibest 10mg tablet contains Orciprenaline as its active medicine. It is useful in treating patients with breathing difficulty due to the narrowing of airways (bronchus) as in asthma, infection of t

he lungs like in tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, allergic conditions like chronic bronchitis, silicosis and some cancerous conditions of the lungs.

Orcibest should be taken as directed by the doctor and in doses and duration as prescribed.

Do not take it more than that prescribed or for a prolonged duration.

What Are The Uses Of The Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline):

Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet is used in the treatment in following conditions:

Asthma

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

How Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline) Works:

Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet has an active ingredient; Orciprenaline is a bronchodilator which works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and widens airways. This makes breathing much easier.

Orciprenaline is a selective beta (2)-adrenergic agonist which stimulates receptors of the smooth muscle in the lungs, uterus, & vasculature supplying skeletal muscle, having minimal or no effect on alpha-adrenergic receptors.

The action of orciprenaline is mediated by cAMP, the production of which is increased by beta stimulation.

This drug is believed to act by activating adenylate cyclase, the enzyme liable for producing the cellular mediator cAMP.

What Should You Avoid While Taking Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline):

You should avoid taking alcohol  

You should avoid driving

You should avoid taking Medicines without prescriptions

When Not To Use Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline):

You should not take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet if you:

Have ever noticed any Allergy/Hypersensitivity

Have liver problems

Have kidney problems

Are patient with Tachycardia

Have Hypertension

Have Hyperthyroidism

Have Hypokalemia

Have heart disease

Have Diabetes

Are pregnant

Have infections

Are breastfeeding

Dosage:

Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet contains an active ingredient, Orciprenaline, which is used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

This medicine is available in different substitutes & strengths & has got to be purchased or given on doctor’s prescription only.

You must consult your physician for adjustment of dosage & time of the medicine because age and severity of the disease differ from person to person and it can only be best judged by your doctor.

Adults are advised to take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet at a fixed time with or without food as instructed by your Doctor.

You must take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet regularly on time for better results.

How Much Of The Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline) to Be Used:

As Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet is available in various strengths and substitutes, Patients are always advised to follow their doctor’s prescriptions and instructions to take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet.

You must not take the Tablet on your own & for longer period than recommended by doctor.

How To Take The Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline):

Take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor.

Take in the Tablet as a whole. You are suggested not to chew, crush or break the Tablet.

Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet is to be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time. 

For How Long Should You Continue Using Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet (Orciprenaline):

You are always advised to take Orcibest 10 Mg Tablet as prescribed.

Do not start/stop using this medicine yourself.

You must strictly follow all the directions given by your doctor.

You must not take the Tablet in larger or smaller quantity or for longer period than suggested by your doctor.

[sarcasmandships]

thought i signed up for a psychology degree but now i’m studying molecular genetics and allelic varriation of the adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide receptor type I gene

[healthy444]

Unveiling the Wonders of LAVASLIM: A Comprehensive Guide to the Revolutionary Weight Loss Solution

Introduction:

In the ever-evolving landscape of weight loss solutions, a breakthrough has emerged in the form of LAVASLIM. This innovative product has garnered attention for its promise to revolutionize the way individuals approach weight management. But what exactly is LAVASLIM, and how does it work? In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the science behind LAVASLIM, its ingredients, potential benefits, and real-world effectiveness.

Understanding LAVASLIM:

LAVASLIM is a cutting-edge weight loss supplement that harnesses the power of natural ingredients to support healthy weight management. Unlike conventional weight loss products that rely solely on stimulants or restrictive diets, LAVASLIM takes a holistic approach to address the underlying factors contributing to weight gain.

Key Ingredients of LAVASLIM:

One of the defining features of LAVASLIM is its unique blend of scientifically backed ingredients. These include:

Garcinia Cambogia Extract: Derived from the rind of the Garcinia Cambogia fruit, this ingredient contains hydroxy citric acid (HCA), which has been shown to inhibit the enzyme responsible for converting carbohydrates into fat.

Green Tea Extract: Known for its potent antioxidant properties, green tea extract can boost metabolism and promote fat oxidation, making it an invaluable addition to any weight loss formula.

Forskolin: Extracted from the roots of the Coleus forskohlii plant, forskolin has been studied for its potential to increase levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a molecule that helps regulate metabolism.

Apple Cider Vinegar: Renowned for its myriad health benefits, apple cider vinegar may aid in weight loss by promoting feelings of fullness and regulating blood sugar levels.

Vitamin B12: This essential nutrient plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, making it an integral component of any weight loss regimen.

The Science Behind LAVASLIM:

LAVASLIM's effectiveness stems from its carefully curated blend of ingredients, each of which targets a specific aspect of weight loss. Garcinia Cambogia extract, for example, works by inhibiting the enzyme citrate lyase, thereby reducing the body's ability to produce fat from carbohydrates. Green tea extract, on the other hand, stimulates thermogenesis, the process by which the body generates heat and burns calories.

Furthermore, forskolin activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase, which in turn increases levels of cAMP, a messenger molecule involved in numerous physiological processes, including metabolism and fat breakdown. Apple cider vinegar complements these effects by promoting satiety and helping to regulate blood sugar levels, thereby reducing cravings and preventing overeating.

The Benefits of LAVASLIM:

Enhanced Fat Burning: By targeting multiple pathways involved in fat metabolism, LAVASLIM can help individuals achieve greater fat loss compared to diet and exercise alone.

Increased Energy Levels: The synergistic blend of ingredients in LAVASLIM can provide a sustained energy boost, making it easier to stay active and motivated throughout the day.

Appetite Suppression: LAVASLIM's combination of appetite-suppressing ingredients can help curb cravings and prevent overeating, leading to reduced calorie intake and improved weight loss outcomes.

Metabolic Support: By promoting thermogenesis and increasing metabolic rate, LAVASLIM can support long-term weight management and prevent weight regain.

Mood Enhancement: Some ingredients in LAVASLIM, such as forskolin and green tea extract, have been shown to have mood-enhancing effects, which can be beneficial for individuals struggling with emotional eating or mood-related weight gain.

Real-World Effectiveness of LAVASLIM:

While the scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of LAVASLIM is compelling, real-world results may vary depending on individual factors such as diet, exercise habits, and metabolism. That being said, many users have reported significant weight loss and improvements in body composition after incorporating LAVASLIM into their routines.

It's important to note that LAVASLIM is not a magic bullet for weight loss and should be used in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise regimen for best results. Additionally, consulting with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement is recommended, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions or those taking medication.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, LAVASLIM represents a groundbreaking advancement in the field of weight loss supplementation. By harnessing the power of natural ingredients backed by scientific research, LAVASLIM offers a safe, effective, and holistic approach to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. Whether you're looking to shed excess pounds, boost energy levels, or improve overall well-being, LAVASLIM may be the solution you've been searching for.

CHECK THIS OUT HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION!

[moleculardepot]

Adenylate Cyclase Toxin from Bordetella pertussis

Adenylate Cyclase Toxin from Bordetella pertussis Catalog number: B2017413 Lot number: Batch Dependent Expiration Date: Batch dependent Amount: 50 µg Molecular Weight or Concentration: N/A Supplied as: Solution Applications: a molecular tool for various biochemical applications Storage: −20°C Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclase Toxin Grade: Biotechnology grade. All products are highly pure. All solutions…

[rnomics]

Chemi-Northern: a versatile chemiluminescent northern blot method for analysis and quantitation of #RNA molecules. [Method]

This report describes a chemiluminescence-based detection method for RNAs on northern blots, designated Chemi-Northern. This approach builds on the simplicity and versatility of northern blotting, while dispensing of the need for expensive and cumbersome radioactivity. RNAs are first separated by denaturing gel electrophoresis, transferred to a nylon membrane, and then hybridized to a biotinylated RNA or DNA antisense probe. Streptavidin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and enhanced chemiluminescence substrate are then used to detect the probe bound to the target RNA. Our results demonstrate the versatility of this method in detecting natural and engineered RNAs expressed in cells, including messenger and noncoding RNAs. We show that Chemi-Northern detection is sensitive and fast, detecting attomole amounts of RNA in as little as 1 second, with high signal intensity and low background. The dynamic response displays excellent linearity. Using Chemi-Northern, we measure the reproducible, statistically significant reduction of mRNA levels by human sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins, PUM1 and PUM2. Additionally, we measure the interaction of the poly(A) binding protein, PABPC1, with poly-adenylated mRNA. Thus, the Chemi-Northern method provides a versatile, simple, cost-effective method to enable researchers to analyze expression, processing, binding, and decay of RNAs. http://rnajournal.cshlp.org/cgi/content/short/rna.079880.123v1?rss=1&utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=tumblr

[althealthinfos]

Fast Lean Pro Reviews: The Ultimate Weight Loss Solution?

Are you looking for a way to lose weight fast and easy? Do you want to enjoy the benefits of fasting without the hassle and hunger? If you answered yes, then you might be interested in Fast Lean Pro, a revolutionary dietary supplement that claims to activate your body’s “fasting switch” and burn fat 4x faster than keto.

But what is Fast Lean Pro and how does it work? Is it safe and effective? What are the ingredients and side effects? And most importantly, what do real customers say about it? In this article, we will answer all these questions and more, so you can decide if Fast Lean Pro is the right product for you.

✅ Click here to read full review: Fast Lean Pro Reviews

What is Fast Lean Pro?

Fast Lean Pro is a powdered supplement that you mix with water and drink once a day. It is designed to mimic the effects of fasting on your body, without requiring you to starve yourself or follow a strict diet. According to the official website, Fast Lean Pro works by activating a “fasting switch” in your brain, which signals your cells to enter a state of autophagy.

Autophagy is a natural process that occurs when your body is in a fasting state. It means “self-eating” and it involves your cells breaking down and recycling old and damaged parts, such as proteins, fats, and toxins. This helps your body to rejuvenate, repair, and detoxify itself, as well as to burn fat for energy.

Fast Lean Pro claims to be the first and only supplement that can trigger autophagy in your body, without requiring you to fast. By doing so, it promises to help you lose weight, improve your metabolism, enhance your immunity, boost your brain function, and slow down aging.

How Does Fast Lean Pro Work?

Fast Lean Pro works by using a unique blend of 11 natural ingredients that are scientifically proven to induce autophagy and support weight loss. These ingredients include:

L-Carnitine: An amino acid that transports fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are burned for energy. L-Carnitine also helps to reduce fatigue, increase muscle mass, and enhance cognitive performance.

Green Tea Extract: A powerful antioxidant that boosts your metabolism, reduces inflammation, and protects your cells from oxidative stress. Green tea extract also contains caffeine and catechins, which work together to suppress your appetite and increase your fat-burning rate.

Garcinia Cambogia: A tropical fruit that contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a compound that inhibits the enzyme that converts carbohydrates into fat. Garcinia cambogia also helps to curb your cravings, improve your mood, and lower your cholesterol levels.

Raspberry Ketones: A natural substance that gives raspberries their aroma and flavor. Raspberry ketones increase the production of adiponectin, a hormone that regulates your blood sugar, insulin, and fat metabolism. Raspberry ketones also stimulate the breakdown of fat cells and increase your energy expenditure.

Forskolin: A plant extract that activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase, which increases the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in your cells. cAMP is a messenger molecule that regulates many cellular functions, including lipolysis, thermogenesis, and hormone secretion. Forskolin also helps to reduce your body fat percentage, increase your lean muscle mass, and lower your blood pressure.

African Mango: A fruit that contains a high amount of soluble fiber, which slows down the absorption of sugar and fat in your intestines. African mango also helps to lower your appetite, regulate your hormones, and balance your cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

Glucomannan: A dietary fiber that expands in your stomach and forms a gel-like substance that makes you feel full and satisfied. Glucomannan also helps to lower your calorie intake, improve your bowel movements, and lower your blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

Apple Cider Vinegar: A fermented liquid that contains acetic acid, a substance that inhibits the digestion and absorption of starch and sugar in your body. Apple cider vinegar also helps to suppress your appetite, improve your digestion, and enhance your insulin sensitivity.

Turmeric: A spice that contains curcumin, a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent that modulates your gene expression and cellular signaling. Turmeric also helps to reduce your body fat, improve your liver function, and prevent chronic diseases.

Ginger: A root that contains gingerol, a compound that stimulates your thermogenesis and increases your calorie burning. Ginger also helps to reduce your nausea, inflammation, and pain, as well as to improve your blood circulation and immune system.

Biotin: A vitamin that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in your body. Biotin also helps to maintain your skin, hair, and nails health, as well as to support your nervous system and cognitive function.

What are the Benefits and Side Effects of Fast Lean Pro?

According to the official website and customer reviews, Fast Lean Pro offers the following benefits:

It helps you lose weight fast and easy, without requiring you to fast or follow a strict diet.

It activates your body’s “fasting switch” and induces autophagy, which rejuvenates, repairs, and detoxifies your cells.

It boosts your metabolism, energy, and fat-burning rate, as well as your muscle mass and strength.

It suppresses your appetite, cravings, and hunger, as well as your emotional eating and binge eating habits.

It improves your blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure levels, as well as your insulin sensitivity and hormone balance.

It enhances your immunity, brain function, and mood, as well as your memory, focus, and mental clarity.

It slows down aging, reduces inflammation, and prevents oxidative stress and cellular damage.

It supports your overall health and well-being, as well as your confidence and self-esteem.

As for the side effects, Fast Lean Pro claims to be safe and natural, with no artificial ingredients, fillers, or additives. However, some of the ingredients may cause mild and temporary reactions in some people, such as:

Headache, nausea, jitteriness, and insomnia, due to the caffeine content in green tea extract.

Stomach upset, diarrhea, gas, and bloating, due to the high fiber content in glucomannan and African mango.

Allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, swelling, and breathing difficulties, due to the sensitivity to some of the ingredients, such as raspberry ketones and forskolin.

Therefore, it is advisable to consult your doctor before using Fast Lean Pro, especially if you have any medical condition, allergy, or medication. It is also recommended to follow the dosage instructions and avoid exceeding the recommended amount.

How Much Does Fast Lean Pro Cost and Where to Buy It?

Fast Lean Pro is only available on the official website, where you can choose from three different packages:

Basic Package: One bottle for $69.95, plus $9.95 shipping and handling.

Standard Package: Three bottles for $149.85, plus free shipping and handling. You save $60.

Premium Package: Six bottles for $239.70, plus free shipping and handling. You save $180.

Each bottle contains 30 servings, which is enough for one month of use. The website also offers a 60-day money-back guarantee, which means you can return the product within 60 days of purchase and get a full refund, no questions asked.

What Do Customers Say About Fast Lean Pro?

Fast Lean Pro has received many positive reviews from customers who have tried it and experienced its benefits. Here are some of the testimonials that we found on the official website and other online platforms:

“I have been using Fast Lean Pro for two months and I have lost 25 pounds. I feel amazing, energetic, and confident. I love that I don’t have to starve myself or follow a strict diet. I just drink it once a day and it does all the work for me. It is the best weight loss product I have ever used.” - Lisa, 42

“Fast Lean Pro is a game-changer for me. I have been struggling with my weight for years and nothing worked for me. I tried fasting, keto, paleo, and other diets, but they were too hard to follow and I always ended up gaining the weight back. Fast Lean Pro is different. It is easy, convenient, and effective. It activates my fasting switch and burns fat like crazy. I have lost 18 pounds in one month and I feel great.” - Mark, 36

“I am so happy with Fast Lean Pro. It has helped me lose 15 pounds in six weeks and I am still going strong. It has also improved my health and well-being. My blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure levels are normal. My skin, hair, and nails are glowing. My brain function and mood are better. I feel younger, healthier, and happier. Fast Lean Pro is a miracle product.” - Susan, 48

✅ Click here to read full review: Fast Lean Pro Reviews