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chemanalystdata · 2 months ago

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Yttrium, a rare earth metal known for its diverse applications, has experienced significant shifts in its market dynamics and pricing trends in recent years. As a critical component used across various high-tech sectors, yttrium's demand and price are influenced by global economic conditions, technological advancements, and geopolitical factors. The metal’s most common uses are in phosphors for displays, LED lights, ceramics, and in some cases, as an additive in alloys to improve strength and resistance. The global market for yttrium has seen fluctuating prices over the years due to changes in demand and supply, creating a complex pricing environment influenced by several key trends.

The price of yttrium metal is closely tied to its role in the broader rare earth elements market, where supply chains are often dominated by a few key countries, notably China. China has historically been the largest producer and exporter of yttrium, exerting considerable control over global supply. This dominance gives China the power to impact prices based on its export policies, mining regulations, and trade relations with other nations. When China has imposed export restrictions or tariffs, the global supply has tightened, often driving prices upward. Conversely, loosening export controls can lead to price reductions by increasing the availability of yttrium. This market control underscores the metal’s status as a strategic material in various international trade discussions.

Get Real Time Prices for Yttrium Metal: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/yttrium-metal-1612Yttrium’s price fluctuations are also closely linked to the demand from the technology and energy sectors. The metal's use in LEDs, green phosphors for cathode ray tubes, and flat-panel displays has been a significant driver of demand over the last decade. As global technology consumption has risen, so too has the demand for yttrium, supporting higher prices in many instances. Additionally, its role in creating high-performance materials, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia used in thermal coatings and medical devices, continues to reinforce demand. As industries seek improved durability and efficiency, innovations that utilize yttrium often lead to sustained or increased demand. As a result, the metal's price can experience upward pressure during periods of technological growth and adoption.

In recent years, sustainability and environmental concerns have come to the forefront of the yttrium market. The mining and refining of rare earth metals, including yttrium, present significant environmental challenges due to the waste produced and the potential for pollution. In response to these concerns, stricter environmental regulations and sustainability practices have been implemented, particularly in China. These measures have occasionally constrained yttrium production, contributing to supply shortages and price increases. Furthermore, global efforts to diversify supply chains and reduce reliance on a single country or region have led to the exploration of alternative sources of yttrium. The development of rare earth deposits outside of China, such as those in Australia and the United States, seeks to stabilize the market and mitigate sudden price swings driven by regional production changes.

Another factor impacting yttrium prices is its status as a co-product of other rare earth mining processes. Yttrium is often extracted alongside heavier rare earth elements, and fluctuations in demand for these co-products can affect the profitability of yttrium production. When demand for related rare earths is low, yttrium production may decrease, leading to potential price increases. Conversely, rising demand for other rare earths can boost yttrium supply, potentially reducing prices if the market becomes oversaturated. This interdependence underscores the complex relationship between yttrium and the broader rare earth market.

The role of geopolitical factors in determining yttrium prices should not be underestimated. Trade disputes, tariffs, and diplomatic tensions can all have significant impacts on the availability and pricing of rare earth metals. For instance, during periods of strained relations between major trading partners, the rare earth market, including yttrium, can experience sudden price spikes. Governments in many countries have recognized the strategic importance of rare earths and have sought to develop their domestic capabilities or secure reliable trade partnerships. The U.S., European Union, Japan, and other regions have invested in research, development, and processing facilities to reduce dependence on foreign sources, aiming to stabilize prices and ensure consistent supply in the future.

Technological advancements and innovation play a dual role in shaping yttrium's price trajectory. On the one hand, innovations can lead to new applications, increasing demand and potentially driving prices higher. On the other hand, technological breakthroughs that replace yttrium with other materials or improve efficiency in its usage could lead to reduced demand and subsequent price decreases. The dynamic interplay between technological advancements and market demand makes predicting yttrium prices a complex endeavor, influenced by the pace of innovation and industrial change.

To summarize, the pricing trends of yttrium metal are shaped by a combination of supply chain dynamics, technological advancements, environmental regulations, geopolitical influences, and market demand fluctuations. As a critical rare earth metal, yttrium’s price is sensitive to shifts in global trade policies, environmental considerations, and technological innovations. Moving forward, efforts to diversify supply, enhance sustainability, and expand applications for yttrium are likely to play a central role in determining its market value. Investors, manufacturers, and governments must closely monitor these factors to understand and anticipate changes in the market, recognizing the interconnected nature of yttrium's pricing mechanisms with the broader rare earth industry and technological landscape.

Get Real Time Prices for Yttrium Metal: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/yttrium-metal-1612

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jcmarchi · 9 months ago

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A new world of 2D material is opening up - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/a-new-world-of-2d-material-is-opening-up-technology-org/

A new world of 2D material is opening up - Technology Org

Materials that are incredibly thin, only a few atoms thick, exhibit unique properties that make them appealing for energy storage, catalysis and water purification. Researchers at Linköping University have now developed a method that enables the synthesis of hundreds of new 2D materials. Their study has been published in the journal Science.

In a film that measures only a single millimetre, there can be millions of layers of 2D materials which generates its unique properties. Image credit: Olov Planthaber/Linköping University

Since the discovery of graphene, the field of research in extremely thin materials, so-called 2D materials, has increased exponentially. The reason is that 2D materials have a large surface area in relation to their volume or weight. This gives rise to a range of physical phenomena and distinctive properties, such as good conductivity, high strength or heat resistance, making 2D materials of interest both within fundamental research and applications.

“In a film that’s only a millimetre thin, there can be millions of layers of the material. Between the layers there can be a lot of chemical reactions and thanks to this, 2D materials can be used for energy storage or for generating fuels, for example,” says Johanna Rosén, professor in Materials physics at Linköping University.

Three-step process

The largest family of 2D materials is called MXenes. MXenes are created from a three-dimensional parent material called a MAX phase. It consists of three different elements: M is a transition metal, A is an (A-group) element, and X is carbon or nitrogen. By removing the A element with acids (exfoliation), a two-dimensional material is created. Until now, MXenes has been the only material family created in this way.

The Linköping researchers have introduced a theoretical method for predicting other three-dimensional materials that may be suitable for conversion into 2D materials. They have also proved that the theoretical model is consistent with reality.

To succeed, the researchers used a three-step process. In the first step, they developed a theoretical model to predict which parent materials would be suitable. Using large-scale calculations at the National Supercomputer Centre, the researchers were able to identify 119 promising 3D materials from a database and a selection consisting of 66,643 materials.

From theory to lab

The next step was to try to create the material in the lab.

“Out of 119 possible materials, we studied which ones had the chemical stability required and which materials were the best candidates. First, we had to synthesise the 3D material, which was a challenge in itself. Finally, we had a high-quality sample where we could exfoliate and etch away a specific atom layers using hydrofluoric acid,” says Jie Zhou, assistant professor at the Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

The researchers removed yttrium (Y) from the parent material YRu2Si2, which resulted in the formation of two-dimensional Ru2SixOy.

But to confirm success in the lab, verification is necessary – step three. The researchers used the scanning transmission electron microscope Arwen at Linköping University. It can examine materials and their structures down at the atomic level. In Arwen it is also possible to investigate which atoms a material is made up of using spectroscopy.

“We were able to confirm that our theoretical model worked well, and that the resulting material consisted of the correct atoms. After exfoliation, images of the material resembled the pages of a book. It’s amazing that the theory could be put into practice, thereby expanding the concept of chemical exfoliation to more materials families than MXenes,” says Jonas Björk, associate professor at the division of Materials design.

Endless applications

The researchers’ discovery means that many more 2D materials with unique properties are within reach. These, in turn, can lay the foundation for a plethora of technological applications. The next step for the researchers is to explore more potential precursor materials and scale up the experiments. Johanna Rosén believes that future applications are almost endless.

“In general, 2D materials have shown great potential for an enormous number of applications. You can imagine capturing carbon dioxide or purifying water, for example. Now it’s about scaling up the synthesis and doing it in a sustainable way,” says Johanna Rosén.

The study was funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE), the Göran Gustafsson Foundation for Research in Natural Sciences and Medicine, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, the European Union, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials, AFM, at Linköping University.

Article: Two-dimensional materials by large-scale computations and chemical exfoliation of layered solids; Jonas Björk, Jie Zhou, Per O. Å. Persson and Johanna Rosen; Science 2024. Published online 15 March 2024. DOI: 10.1126/science.adj6556

Written by Anders Törneholm

Source: Linköping University

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delvenservices · 1 year ago

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Rare-Earth Metals Market Competitive Landscape: 2028

Rare-Earth Metals Market by (Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium, Samarium, Europium, & Others), and Application (Permanent Magnets, Metals Alloys, Polishing, Additives, Catalysts, Phosphors), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa and South America)

Market Overview

The rare-earth metals market is projected to grow from USD 5.3 billion in 2021 to USD 9.6 billion by 2026, at a CAGR of 12.3% during the forecast period.

The increasing use of rare-earth elements that are used in the permanent magnet application is the important factor that has supported long-term expansion for Rare-Earth Metals Market.

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Key Findings

Rare-Earth Metals Market is segmented into type, application, and geography.

Type segment is segmented into dysprosium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, europium oxide, gadolinium oxide and terbium oxide.

The application segment is segmented into the permanent magnet, glass polishing, phosphors, ceramics, metal alloys, glass additives, and others.

Geographically, Rare-Earth Metals Market t is sub-segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa and South America, and insights are provided for each region and major countries within the regions

Competitive Landscape

Key players in Rare-Earth Metals Market are

Lynas Corporation (Australia),

Alkane Resources Ltd (Australia),

Arafura Resources Ltd (Australia),

China Minmetals Rare Earth Co Ltd (China),

Avalon Advanced Materials, Inc (Canada),

Iluka Resource Ltd (Australia),

Canada Rare Earth Corporation (Canada).

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press-release-dash · 3 years ago

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Heavy Rare Earth Metals Market 2021 | Business Opportunity, Growth Strategies & Forecast Report By 2027

The Global Heavy Rare Earth Metals Market Report, in its latest update, highlights the significant impacts and the recent strategical changes under the present socio-economic scenario. The Heavy Rare Earth Metals Market industry growth avenues are deeply supported by exhaustive research by the top analysts of the industry. The report starts with the executive summary, followed by a value chain and marketing channels study. The report then estimates the CAGR and market revenue of the global and regional segments.

Base Year: 2020

Estimated Year: 2021

Forecast Till: 2027

The report classifies the market into different segments based on type and product. These segments are studied in detail, incorporating the market estimates and forecasts at regional and country levels. The segment analysis is helpful in understanding the growth areas and potential opportunities of the market.

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A special section is dedicated to the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the growth of the Heavy Rare Earth Metals market. The impact is closely studied in terms of production, import, export, and supply.

The report covers the complete competitive landscape of the Worldwide Heavy Rare Earth Metals market with company profiles of key players such as:

China Northern Rare Earth (Group) High-Tech Co., Ltd.

Molycorp Inc.

reat Western Minerals Group Ltd.

Canada Rare Earth Corporation

Alkane Resources Ltd

Arafura Resources Ltd.

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Heavy Rare Earth Metals/Elements By Element/Metals:

Yttrium (Y)

Europium (Eu)

Gadolinium (Gd)

Terbium (Tb)

Dysprosium (Dy)

Holmium (Ho)

Erbium (Er)

Thulium (Tm)

Ytterbium (Yb)

Lutetium (Lu)

Heavy Rare Earth Metals/Elements By Applications:

Catalysts

Permanent Magnets

Polishing

Ceramics and Glasses

Additives

Phosphors

Electronics

Others

Heavy Rare Earth Metals Market Analysis by Geography:

North America (USA, Canada, and Mexico)

Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Europe)

Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, South-East Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)

Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Chile, Rest of Latin America)

The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Israel, South Africa, Rest of the Middle East and Africa)

Key questions answered in the report:

What is the expected growth of the Heavy Rare Earth Metals market between 2022 to 2027?

Which application and type segment holds the maximum share in the Global Heavy Rare Earth Metals market?

Which regional Heavy Rare Earth Metals market shows the highest growth CAGR between 2022 to 2027?

What are the opportunities and challenges currently faced by the Heavy Rare Earth Metals market?

Who are the leading market players and what are their Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT)?

What business strategies are the competitors considering to stay in the Heavy Rare Earth Metals market?

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marketreports3 · 5 years ago

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Research On World Tungsten Electrode Market Report 2024

Report on World Tungsten Electrode Market by Product Type, Market, Players and Regions-Forecast to 2024 by DecisionDatabases.com

Tungsten Electrode market research report provides the newest industry data and industry future trends, allowing you to identify the products and end users driving Revenue growth and profitability.

The industry report lists the leading competitors and provides the insights strategic industry Analysis of the key factors influencing the market.

The report includes the forecasts, Analysis and discussion of important industry trends, market size, market share estimates and profiles of the leading industry Players.

Browse the complete report and table of contents @ https://www.decisiondatabases.com/ip/44885-world-tungsten-electrode-market-report

The Players mentioned in our report

Diamond Ground Products

Winner Tungsten Product

Huntingdon Fusion Techniques

Wolfram Industrie

Metal Cutting

BGRIMM

ATTL Advanced Materials

SUNRAIN Tungsten

Weldstone

Global Tungsten Electrode Market: Product Segment Analysis

Pure Tungsten

Thoriated Tungsten

Lanthanum Tungsten

Cerium Tungsten

Yttrium Tungsten

Global Tungsten Electrode Market: Application Segment Analysis

TIG Welding

Plasma Welding

Cutting

Thermal Spray

Global Tungsten Electrode Market: Regional Segment Analysis

USA

Europe

Japan

China

India

South East Asia

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There are 10 Chapters to deeply display the World Tungsten Electrode market Chapter 1 About the Tungsten Electrode Industry Chapter 2 World Market Competition Landscape Chapter 3 World Tungsten Electrode Market share Chapter 4 Supply Chain Analysis Chapter 5 Company Profiles Chapter 6 Globalisation & Trade Chapter 7 Distributors and Customers Chapter 8 Import, Export, Consumption and Consumption Value by Major Countries Chapter 9 World Tungsten Electrode Market Forecast through 2024 Chapter 10 Key success factors and Market Overview

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Our expert research analysts have been trained to map client’s research requirements to the correct research resource leading to a distinctive edge over its competitors. We provide intellectual, precise and meaningful data at a lightning speed.

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latestmarketresearch · 5 years ago

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Rare Earth Elements Market Growth Factors, Applications, Regional Analysis and Forecasts by 2023

OCT 01, 2019: The global rare earth elements market is anticipated to reach USD 5.62 billion by 2025, according to a new report by Radiant Insights, Inc. The growing use of permanent magnets in the production of batteries for electric vehicles is expected to propel the demand for rare earth elements including neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium, gadolinium, and terbium over the forecast period. Neodymium and praseodymium based rare earth permanent magnets are majorly used in the manufacturing of batteries.

To Request A Sample Copy Of This Report @: https://www.radiantinsights.com/research/rare-earth-elements-market/request-sample

The growing demand for electric vehicles coupled with the government initiatives on reducing the CO2 emissions is expected to boost the demand for permanent magnets. In March 2019, the Chinese government reduced subsidies for electric vehicles in order to promote innovation amongst local manufacturers on account of declining costs. The incentives for electric cars with less than 400 km range decreased from 50,000 yuan to 25,000 yuan, while the incentives for vehicles ranging less than 250 km have been eliminated.

To Browse Full Research Report @: https://www.radiantinsights.com/research/rare-earth-elements-market

According to USGS, China holds the largest amount of reserves with 44 million tons and Malaysia holds the least amount of reserves with 30 thousand tons. It also stated that the U.S. has USD 6.2 trillion worth of mineral reserves. However, the stringent regulatory policies towards mining in the U.S. has forced the companies to import the raw materials from China. Hence, the production of raw material has been a major challenge for the U.S companies.

The increasing prices of rare earth elements and high investments to open new mines have given rise to recycling of the product. Japan is one of the major producer of recycled rare earth elements. In 2010, Hitachi developed a new technology for recycling rare-earth magnets from air conditioners and hard disk drives. It can separate recycle magnets approximately eight times more efficiently than conventional methods. In 2012, The Honda Corporation opened the first rare earth recycling plant. The company utilized used automotive parts containing metals to produce rare earth elements.

The key players in the rare earth elements market are involved in acquisitions, expansions, and long term binding agreements with their customers. In Nov 2017, Hitachi Metals Ltd acquired Santoku Corporation, a Japanese manufacturer of alloys. This strategy was aimed at accelerating the production of neodymium magnet alloys in order to achieve sustainable growth in the global market.

Further key findings from the report suggest:

• Neodymium is anticipated to register a CAGR of 8.3%, in terms of volume, from 2019 to 2025 owing to growing demand for permanent magnets

• Catalyst application accounted for a revenue share of 18.7% in 2018 owing to increasing demand from automotive and petroleum refining industries.

• Middle East & Africa is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.9%, in terms of volume, over the forecast period owing to rising investment in expansion of refinery capacities

• In 2016, Hitachi Metals Ltd entered into a joint venture with Zhong Ke San Huan Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. to manufacture Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnets

• The major players are adopting strategies like capacity expansion and agreements with the end-use industries to cater to growing demand for rare earth elements. For instance, in January 2018, Lynas Corporation signed an agreement with Bosch, an automotive component supplier. This agreement was aimed at ensuring continuous supply of rare earth materials to Bosch.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Methodology and Scope

1.1 Research methodology

1.2 Research scope and assumptions

1.3 List of data sources

Chapter 2 Rare Earth Elements: Executive Summary

2.1 Market summary

Chapter 3 Rare Earth Elements Market Variables, Trends & Scope

3.1 Global rare earth elements market outlook

3.2 Rare earth elements: Value chain analysis

3.2.1 Mining

3.2.2 Refining

3.2.3 Rare earths - suppliers/distributors

3.2.4 Rare earth based product manufacturers

3.2.5 Rare earths based products - suppliers/distributors

3.2.6 End-use industries

3.3 Technology overview

3.3.1 Exploration of rare earth elements

3.3.2 Mining of rare earth elements

3.3.3 Refining of rare earth elements

3.3.4 Challenges in production of rare earth elements

3.3.4.1 Difficult mining process

3.3.4.2 Environmental impact

3.4 Regulatory framework

3.4.1 European Commission

3.4.1.1 Directive 2006/21/EC

3.4.1.2 Directive (2008/98/EC)

3.4.1.3 Directive 2013/59/Euratom

3.4.2 United States Environmental Protection Agency)

3.5 Market Dynamics

3.5.1 Market drivers

3.5.2 Growing demand for electric and hybrid vehicles

3.5.3 Growing demand for catalysts

3.5.4 Market restraint analysis

3.5.5 Supply-demand imbalance

3.6 Mine production of rare earth elements [data in metric tons of rare-earth oxide (reo)]

3.7 Trade analysis

3.7.1 HS CODE :280530 (Rare-earth metals, scandium, and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed)

3.7.2 HS CODE :284610 (Cerium compound)

3.7.3 HS CODE :284690 (Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals, of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals)

3.7.4 HS CODE :360690 (Ferro-cerium and other pyrophoric alloys in all forms; articles of combustible materials)

3.8 Business environment analysis tools

3.8.1 PESTEL analysis

3.8.2 Porter's five forces analysis

3.9 Major deals & strategic alliances analysis

3.9.1 Restart of mining operations at the mountain pass

3.9.2 A strategic alliance agreement between lynas and sojitz

3.10 Case study

Continued…

To See More Reports of This Category by Radiant Insights: https://www.radiantinsights.com/catalog/materials

About Radiant Insights: Radiant Insights is a platform for companies looking to meet their market research and business intelligence requirements. It assist and facilitate organizations and individuals procure market research reports, helping them in the decision making process. The Organization has a comprehensive collection of reports, covering over 40 key industries and a host of micro markets. In addition to over extensive database of reports, experienced research coordinators also offer a host of ancillary services such as, research partnerships/ tie-ups and customized research solutions.

Media Contact: Company Name: Radiant Insights, Inc Contact Person: Michelle Thoras Email: [email protected] Phone: (415) 349-0054 Address: 201 Spear St #1100, Suite #3036 City: San Francisco State: California Country: United States For more information, Visit: http://www.radiantinsights.com

#Rare Earth Elements Market

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courtneytincher · 5 years ago

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China's war chest of rare earth patents give an insight into total domination of the industry

China is strengthening its grip on the rare earths supply chain and could use its dominant position as a bargaining chip in its trade war with the US.China has been investing heavily on facilities to do the bulk of the dirty and environmentally damaging mining and ore processing work for the world, systematically turning its know-how and methodologies into patents that could give it a competitive edge against its rivals.The country, which already supplies more than 80 per cent of the world's rare earth metals, is rapidly amassing patents related to the elements, says James Kennedy, president of St Louis, Missouri, based ThREE Consulting, who last year initiated a global patent search to back up his lobbying effort to the US government.As of October, China had filed for 25,911 patents on all the rare earth elements, far ahead of 9,810 by the US, 13,920 by Japan and 7,280 by the European Union since 1950 when the first US filing was made, based on data from Kennedy's research supplier PatentManiac.Samples of rare earth minerals from left: cerium oxide, bastnaesite, neodymium oxide and lanthanum carbonate. Photo: Reuters alt=Samples of rare earth minerals from left: cerium oxide, bastnaesite, neodymium oxide and lanthanum carbonate. Photo: ReutersThe number of Chinese patents filed on rare earths has jumped since 2011, accounting for more than half its accumulated total and more than double that of the rest of the world combined.Five general patent data sources including Google Patent and World Intellectual Property Organisation as well as 47 country databases were used in the search."The reason I commissioned the work was to alert the US government [about] China's relative investment and commitment to [the] material science, technology and mining industry of China," Kennedy said. "Sadly there was literally no interest or response from anyone [in the US]."I have repeatedly warned members of Congress, the Pentagon and the administration that China will use its war chest of patents and intellectual properties against the US in the future."Kennedy has long advocated that the US government build a full domestic supply chain for rare earth materials, through the creation of a federally sanctioned cooperative and a centralised rare earth refinery.He is not alone in lobbying the US government to reduce reliance on a Chinese supply of 17 elements that are widely used in consumer electronic products such as televisions and DVD players, electric cars, wind turbines, medical and military equipment and oil refineries.The Washington-based lobby group Strategic Materials Advisory Council has been urging the US government to nurture a domestic rare earth supply chain after China banned exports to Japan following a territorial dispute in 2010.Chinese President Xi Jinping gets a tour of JL MAG Rare-Earth's processing facilities in Ganzhou, in east China's Jiangxi province, on May 20, 2019. Photo: Xinhua alt=Chinese President Xi Jinping gets a tour of JL MAG Rare-Earth's processing facilities in Ganzhou, in east China's Jiangxi province, on May 20, 2019. Photo: XinhuaA rare earth price index compiled by the China Rare Earth Industry Association spiked by as much as 38 per cent following Washington's move to raise tariffs on US$200 billion worth of Chinese goods from 10 per cent to 25 per cent in May. The index has since fallen 5.5 per cent since it peaked in late June.While details on China's advantages in patent filings were short, anecdotal evidence from companies and analysts' observations suggest it has gained a competitive edge upstream and downstream in the supply chain.SCMP Graphics alt=SCMP Graphics"There is no doubt that China is far ahead than anybody else in the world in terms of intellectual property and knowledge with respect to rare earths, both on the materials processing side and downstream applications," said Ryan Castilloux, managing director of rare earth and electric battery metals consultancy Adamas Intelligence."This is partly because China has become the largest producer and such research is needed to support the development of new usages to help the industry grow," said Castilloux, citing new uses for oversupplied elements such as cerium and lanthanum as examples.Chinese scientists have also done a lot of research on the expensive and highly sought-after magnetic rare earth elements like praseodymium and neodymium that are used in electric motors."It enables China to focus on the part of the value chain that generates more value and is also environmentally friendlier," he said."It also helps China to be more self-sufficient with a complete supply chain from metals to magnets to motors to batteries and electric vehicles."China Minmetals Rare Earth, one of the nation's largest miners and producers of the elements, said in its latest annual report that it had won four new patents last year, including one for a piece of software.A rare earth metals mine in Nancheng county, Jiangxi province. Photo: Reuters alt=A rare earth metals mine in Nancheng county, Jiangxi province. Photo: Reuters"[Our] key core technologies include rare earth elements separation systems, ultra-high purity rare earth production technology and materials recycling know-how," it said.The Ganzhou, Jiangxi province-based subsidiary of state-backed metals mining and trading giant China Minmetals Group did not provide details on the patents and did not respond to queries.Also based in Ganzhou in southern China, known as the nation's "capital of medium and heavy rare earth," is Shenzhen-listed JL Mag Rare-Earth, a major maker of rare earth permanent magnets used heavily in wind turbines, speakers and computer hard drives.The company said it has built up a database of different rare earth formulations, which led to its success in lowering rare earth elements content while maintaining its products' magnetic power.Soil containing rare earth elements are ready for exports at a port in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. Photo: Reuters alt=Soil containing rare earth elements are ready for exports at a port in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. Photo: ReutersTogether with advances in newly developed heat-resistance and anti-corrosion coating know-how and a new production process letting it cut heavy rare earth consumption in the production process, it has won three patents in China and one in the US.Between April 2010 and the end of last year, JL had obtained 22 patents in China, one in Europe and one in the US. Of the total, 13 were added last year.Also in downstream operations is Hong Kong-listed rare earth-magnesium alloys producer REMT Group, a subsidiary of Century Sunshine Group Holdings controlled by mainland businessman Chi Wenfu.REMT owns 22 patents " two in the US and the rest in China " relating to the production process and application of magnesium alloys.Half the patents pertain to the use of rare earth elements in the production process of the alloys, a company spokesman said.In 2017 REMT acquired 12 patents related to the production process from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, which has been working with its parent on developing alloy technology. Roughly half its revenue last year was from alloys containing rare elements.The patents give it market exclusivity protection for 10 to 20 years, and were valued at HK$40 million (US$5.1 million) at the end of last year, according to REMT's annual report.Some of its alloys have been successfully applied to aerospace vehicles, said the company, whose production facilities are located in the northwesters Xinjiang autonomous region and northeastern Jilin province.The Mountain Pass rare earth mine in California. Photo: Reuters alt=The Mountain Pass rare earth mine in California. Photo: ReutersBeing light, strong, vibration and noise-abating and resistant to electromagnetic radiation, the alloys find use in cars, railway equipment and electronic and communication gadgets like mobile phones and computers.Besides being easy to recycle, magnesium alloys are up to a third lighter than those of aluminium.As a superior alternative to aluminium alloys, some 70 per cent of the world's magnesium alloys are used in the transport sector, 20 per cent are found in electronic products and the rest in other sectors such as military and biomedical, according to a spokesman for REMT."By adding rare earth elements such as lanthanum, praseodymium, cerium and yttrium to magnesium alloys based on customer requirements, we can enhance their tenacity, strength, corrosion resistance and ease of casting," he said.According to Dierk Raabe, a director at Germany's Max-Planck Institute for Iron Research " which focuses on microstructure physics and alloy design " adding rare earth elements to magnesium alloys "drastically" improves their ductility and strength in high temperatures.A ball mill turns during processing at the Mountain Pass mine in California. America's only rare earths producer exports all its output to China. Photo: Bloomberg alt=A ball mill turns during processing at the Mountain Pass mine in California. America's only rare earths producer exports all its output to China. Photo: BloombergCastilloux noted that if the US-China trade war worsens and Beijing decides to restrict rare earth and downstream product exports as a tool to fight US sanctions, trade and investments barriers, it could have major supply implications for US firms that need the products.And even if US companies could buy some motors or magnets from Japan or Europe, those products are likely to be made from Chinese rare earths and suppliers may be worried about getting caught in the crossfire.Meanwhile, US government reports have noted that it would take years for the US to build enough domestic processing capacity to match China's.Castilloux said given that the Mountain Pass rare earth mining project in California has restarted and is aiming to have its downstream processing plant operational by the end of next year, it may only take the US three to five more years to build up a supply chain for permanent magnets.Two other processing projects have been planned but are not expected to be operational until 2022 the earliest, according to a Reuters report.Lynas, an Australian mining company focused on rare earths, has joined forces with Blue Line, a Texas chemical company, to develop a rare earths separation facility in the US."Once the processing facilities are operational, there is nothing stopping a magnet maker from starting production in the US for the domestic market," Castilloux said.Until then, US companies will have to keep their fingers crossed, hoping there is no further escalation in the trade war that could possibly disrupt rare earth supplies.This article originally appeared in the South China Morning Post (SCMP), the most authoritative voice reporting on China and Asia for more than a century. For more SCMP stories, please explore the SCMP app or visit the SCMP's Facebook and Twitter pages. Copyright © 2019 South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2019. South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved.

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minutmr-blog · 7 years ago

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Superconducting Wire Market : Size, Regional Outlook, Competitive Strategies and Forecasts, 2025

Global Superconducting Wire Market: Overview

Superconducting wires are made up of superconducting materials which, when cooled below a certain temperature (transition temperature), exhibit zero electrical resistance. The superconductor material used is usually in the form of filament and theoretically allows the persistent flow of electric current across any loop of superconductor wire. Superconductor magnets find extensive applications in MRI/NMR machines, mass spectrometers, and in particle accelerators as beam-steering magnets. Recent applications of superconducting wires include their use in smart grid, transformers, power storage devices, and electric motors.

Second-generation high temperature superconducting wires, with significantly higher transition temperatures, are mainly made up of rare Earth compounds such as yttrium, samarium, and neodymium. Allowing competitive cost-benefits and multi-functionalities, the demand for these materials is rising rapidly in the making of various electrical power equipment and medical equipment, opening up a spate of promising avenues in the market.

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Global Superconducting Wire Market: Key Trends

The global market is primarily driven by the burgeoning demand for superconducting materials in high-voltage transmission applications and in making MRI systems. The increasing demand for high-temperatures superconducting materials in numerous areas such as energy, medical, defense, electronics, and industrial applications is expected to boost the market. Advances in computer chip designing technology are expected to spur the demand for superconductors with high critical current capacity and enhanced power performance.

High manufacturing cost involved in making superconductors and dearth of standard testing facilities are likely to restrain the superconducting wire market to some extent. On the other hand, continuous scaling efforts by manufacturing units and intensive advances in R&D technology are expected to expand the commercial applications of superconducting wires.

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Global Superconducting Wire Market: Market Potential

Bruker Corporation, a U.S. based manufacturer of scientific instruments for materials researches and industrial analysis, announced at the end of 2016 that it was planning to acquire Oxford Instruments Superconducting Wire LLC (OST). The deal was finalized by Bruker’s subsidiary, Bruker Energy and Supercon Technologies (BEST), for an aggregate sum of U$17.5 million. BEST pioneers in low temperature superconductors for being used in MRI, NMR, and fusion energy researches. Post finalization of the buyout deal, the manufacturer made efforts to expand its technology portfolio with the Rod Restack Process (RRP) conductor technology from OST. The technology is especially in demand for various high-energy physics applications that require considerably high magnetic fields.

The deal marked a strategic acquisition for BEST as it strengthened its position in the low-temperature superconductors (LTS) market. The company already enjoys a sustained position in LTS segment and has made numerous investments in the past to boost capacity automation and quality control.

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With the integration of the OST technology, BEST hopes to emerge as a world-leading LTS provider with a broad product portfolio that will house superconducting wires with advanced conductor performance and quality. Furthermore, with such strategic buyouts in place, Bruker Corporation hopes to consolidate its positions across prominent regions such as the U.S. and China. These developments are poised to expand the potential of the superconducting wire market.

Global Superconducting Wire Market: Regional Outlook

North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific are the prominent markets for superconductor wires. Europe is expected to offer lucrative growth avenues to manufacturers and vendors of superconducting wires. The substantial growth in the regional market is expected to be driven by increased commercialization of high-technology superconducting materials and extensive R&D investments in developing second-generation superconducting wire technology.

Asia Pacific is anticipated to show impressive growth over the forecast period; the growth is attributed to significant advances in semiconductor technology leading to the wide use of LTS electromagnets in making magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance magnets.

Global Superconducting Wire Market: Competitive Analysis

Leading players are making substantial investments in R&D in order to launch advanced products made with cost-effective technologies. Several players are making technology integrations to expand their expertise in the manufacture of superconducting wires. Major players vying for a sustained share in the superconducting wires market include American Superconductor, Bruker Corporation, Fujikura Ltd., Superconductor Technologies Inc., Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Japan Superconductor Technology, Inc., Supercon Inc., and Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.

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icoldwinnerstudent-blog · 8 years ago

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Global Rare Earth Metals Market Rising at USD 9.0 billion in 2020

Zion Market Research has published a new report titled “Rare Earth Metals (Cerium, Lanthanum, Neodymium, Praseodymium, Dysprosium, Europium, Yttrium, Scandium and Others) Market for Magnets, Catalyst, Metallurgy, Polishing, Glass, Phosphorus, Ceramics and Other Applications: Global Industry Perspective, Comprehensive Analysis, and Forecast, 2014 – 2020”. According to the report, global rare earth metal market was valued at around USD 5.0 billion in 2014 and is expected to reach USD 9.0 billion in 2020, growing at a double-digit CAGR between 2015 and 2020. In terms of volume, the global rare earth metal market stood at in 185-kilo tons 2014.

Rare earth are a series of chemical elements found in the Earth’s crust that is vital to many modern technologies, including consumer electronics, computers and networks, communications, clean energy, advanced transportation, health care, environmental mitigation, national defense, and many others. Because of their unique magnetic, luminescent, and electrochemical properties, these elements help make many technologies perform with reduced weight, reduced emissions, and energy consumption; or give them greater efficiency, performance, miniaturization, speed, durability, and thermal stability. There are 17 elements that are considered to be rare earth elements—15 elements in the lanthanide series and two additional elements that share similar chemical properties. The group consists of yttrium and the 15 lanthanide elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium). Scandium is found in most rare earth element deposits and is sometimes classified as a rare earth element. Rare earth metals are classified as heavy rare earth metals (yttrium, gadolinium, europium, terbium, holmium, dysprosium, thulium, erbium, ytterbium, and lutetium) and light rare earth metals (lanthanum, praseodymium, cerium, promethium, neodymium, and samarium).

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Rare earth metals and alloys that contain them are used in many devices that people use every day such as computer memory, DVDs, rechargeable batteries, cell phones, catalytic converters, magnets, fluorescent lighting and much more. The global demand for automobiles, consumer electronics, energy-efficient lighting, and catalysts is expected to rise rapidly over the next decade. Rare earth magnet demand is expected to increase, as is the demand for rechargeable batteries. New developments in medical technology are expected to increase the use of surgical lasers, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography scintillation detectors.

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Lanthanum, praseodymium, cerium, neodymium, samarium, promethium, europium, dysprosium, holmium, gadolinium, terbium, thulium, scandium, yttrium, erbium, ytterbium, lutetium and others are the key product segments of the rare earth metal market. Cerium oxide dominated the global rare earth metal market owing to strong demand from catalyst market. Cerium oxide accounted for around 40% share of the total rare earth metal market in 2014. Lanthanum is expected to be the fastest growing segment of rare earth metal market during the forecast period. This can be attributed to the rapidly growing demand for rare earth metal in car batteries and different electronics appliances. However, other products of rare earth metals like neodymium, samarium, promethium, europium, dysprosium etc., are also expected to exhibit robust growth between 2015 and 2020.On the basis of applications rare earth metal market can be segmented as magnets, catalyst, metallurgy, ceramics, phosphors, glass, and polishing. Magnet was the largest application market for rare earth metals and accounted for around 21% of the total rare earth metal volume consumed in 2014. Strong economical growth in emerging economies and support from governments has resulted into rapid growth in manufacturing of high technology products like tablet computers, TVs, advanced military technology, nuclear batteries, laser repeaters, miniature, superconductors, numerous medical devices, and rechargeable batteries. This in turn expected to drive the demand for rare earth metals, especially in Asia Pacific region. This in turn resulted in strong growth of rare earth metal in Asia Pacific region, especially in China. Strong growth prospectus of global wind turbine and automotive industry is also expected to boost demand for rare earth metals in the near future. Catalysts and metallurgy also accounted for significant share of the global rare earth metals market.

On the basis of applications rare earth metal market can be segmented as magnets, catalyst, metallurgy, ceramics, phosphors, glass, and polishing. Magnet was the largest application market for rare earth metals and accounted for around 21% of the total rare earth metal volume consumed in 2014. Strong economical growth in emerging economies and support from governments has resulted into rapid growth in manufacturing of high technology products like tablet computers, TVs, advanced military technology, nuclear batteries, laser repeaters, miniature, superconductors, numerous medical devices, and rechargeable batteries. This in turn expected to drive the demand for rare earth metals, especially in Asia Pacific region. This in turn resulted in strong growth of rare earth metal in Asia-Pacific region, especially in China. Strong growth prospectus of global wind turbine and automotive industry is also expected to boost demand for rare earth metals in the near future. Catalysts and metallurgy also accounted for significant share of the global rare earth metals market.

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Rare earth metal market was dominated by Asia Pacific with over 75% share in total volume consumption in 2014. Asia Pacific was followed by North America and Europe. China dominated the production and consumption of rare earth metals. Strong demand from China, India, Japan and South Korea is expected to fuel growth of this industry in the years to come. Rare earth metals market in North America is mainly driven by strong demand from defense industry. The military uses night-vision goggles, precision-guided weapons, communications equipment, GPS equipment, batteries and other defense electronics. Rare earth metals are key ingredients for making the very hard alloys used in armored vehicles and projectiles that shatter upon impact. However, wind turbine is an important application market for rare earth metals in Europe.

Global rare earth metal market is highly competitive, with the presence of well-established global market participants. Arafura Resources, Alkane Resources Ltd., Avalon Rare Metals Inc., Quest Rare Minerals Limited, China Rare Earth Holdings Limited, Indian Rare Earths Limited, Lynas Corporation Limited, Great Western Minerals Group Ltd., Greenland Minerals & Energy Ltd., Rare Element Resources Ltd., Molycorp, Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare-Earth Hi-Tech Co, Frontier Rare Earths Limited are some of the key vendors in the market.

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This report segments the global rare earth metals market as follows: Product Segment Analysis (Lanthanum, Praseodymium, Cerium, Neodymium, Samarium, Promethium, Europium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Thulium, Scandium, Yttrium, Erbium, Ytterbium, Lutetium). Application Segment Analysis (Magnets, Catalyst, Metallurgy, Ceramics, Phosphors, Glass, Polishing, Others). Regional Segment Analysis: North America(US), Europe(Germany, France, UK), Asia Pacific(China, Japan, India)Latin America(Brazil, Middle East, Africa).

About Us: Zion Market Research is an obligated company. We create futuristic, cutting edge, informative reports ranging from industry reports, company reports to country reports. We provide our clients not only with market statistics unveiled by avowed private publishers and public organizations but also with vogue and newest industry reports along with pre-eminent and niche company profiles. Our database of market research reports comprises a wide variety of reports from cardinal industries. Our database is been updated constantly in order to fulfill our clients with prompt and direct online access to our database. Keeping in mind the client’s needs, we have included expert insights on global industries, products, and market trends in this database. Last but not the least, we make it our duty to ensure the success of clients connected to us—after all—if you do well, a little of the light shines on us.

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