#Tractatus politicus

[philosophybits]

Philosophers conceive of the passions which harass us as vices into which men fall by their own fault, and, therefore, generally deride, bewail, or blame them, or execrate them, if they wish to seem unusually pious. And so they think they are doing something wonderful, and reaching the pinnacle of learning, when they are clever enough to bestow manifold praise on such human nature, as is nowhere to be found, and to make verbal attacks on that which, in fact, exists. For they conceive of men, not as they are, but as they themselves would like them to be.

Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus Politicus

[infiniterichesinalittleroom]

I have laboured carefully, not to mock, lament, or execrate human actions, but to understand them; and, to this end, I have looked upon passions, such as love, hatred, anger, envy, ambition, pity, and the other perturbations of the mind, not in the light of vices of human nature, but as properties, just as pertinent to it, as are heat, cold, storm, thunder, and the like to the nature of the atmosphere, which phenomena, though inconvenient, are yet necessary, and have fixed causes, by means of which we endeavour to understand their nature, and the mind has just as much pleasure in viewing them aright, as in knowing such things as flatter the senses.

Baruch Spinoza • Tractatus Politicus rendered into english by A. H. Gosset (1883)

[twosides--samecoin]

[mercuriicultores]

Baruch Spinoza – Tractatus politicus, I, 4

[Humanarum actionum] non ridere, non lugere, neque detestari, sed intelligere.

[HIS] <De las acciones humanas> no reir, no lamentarse ni odiar; únicamente entender.

[philosophybitmaps]

[the-chomsky-hash]

[A. By bringing to light a dynamic as fundamental as dreaming and expression, Binswanger rejoined a tradition left unclarified by a 19th-century psychology that Freud did not always succeed in transcending - cont'd]

[2. The theme of original dimensions to dream experience, in contrast to the dream's psychological rights, can easily be discerned in Cartesian and post-Cartesian texts - cont'd]

c. The analysis of prophetic dreams in the Tractatus [Theologico-Politicus] moves at these two levels [

body, expression

the understanding, the idea]:

i. [On one hand,] there is the imagination tied to the motions of the body which give their individual coloring to the dreams of the prophets.

Each prophet dreamed the dreams appropriate to his temperament

The affliction of Jeremiah or the anger of Elias can only be explained externally, they pertain to an examination of their bodies and the motions of their humors

ii. [On the other hand,] each of these dreams had its meaning, which exegesis now has the task of bringing to light. The meaning which exhibits the link of imagination to truth is the language of God to men, to show them his commandments and his faith.

– Michel Foucault, Dream, Imagination and Existence: An Introduction to Ludwig Binswanger's Le rêve et l'existence (part III: Nihil magnum somnianti [Nothing too great to be dreamt by the dreamer]—Cicero), 1954, translated by Forrest Williams

[rausule]

Coram Deo contractus ille validus est, tantummodo quando contrahentes legantur et scribantur. tr.

Appius Claudius Caecus. App_ius dusa dema, Volente Deo legem discis et scribis.

Gratiae Dei aliis verbis tr. Apius : ius publicum est ius privatum atque iis tantum valet qui legere et scribere possunt.

Appius Claudius Caecus (4th-3rd century BC) politicus, scriptor et orator fuit. Primas in rebus maximis temporis, a bello Samnitium aduersus Etruscos et ipsos Samnites (298-290 a.C.n.), inde ad Tarentum et Pyrrhum. (282-272 BC).). Censorem locum habuisti ab anno 312 ad 307 BC. and that of consul in 307 and 296 BC. Plebis constantius favebat, leges urbanas correxit, etiam libertorum servorum in senatum introducit. In 312 BC. primam partem Viae Appiae, quae Capuam Romam pertinebat, construxit. Celebris oratio in senatu habita est, quamquam iam in caecitatem senium redacta aduersus Pyrrhi legati pacem rogauit.

opera

Proverbiorum fragmenta tria ab Appio servata, probabiliter Saturnalia, in quibus notae sapientiae Latinae et popularis culturae mixtae characteribus e graecis maximis derivatae sunt. Apud eos celeberrima est, in qua unus quisque sui fati arbiter extollitur: faber est suae quisque fortunae (quisque est faber suae sortis»). Hodie ea quae ab Appio Claudio collecta sunt non originalia creditur, sed ab eo collecta ex theatri comici graeci operibus. In aetate enim Hellenistica, characteres saepe iocis suis clauserunt cum proverbiis locutionibus proverbialibus, quae doctrinam transmiserunt.

De compositione tractatus, qui De usurpationibus et publicationibus, libertus Cn. Flavio Ius Flaviano collectio normarum iuridicarum, quibus vetus privilegium actorum praevaricationis a Summis Pontificibus ademptum est.

Orthographica emendatio etiam Appio retardat. Lingua latina adhuc instructa, alphabetum omnino non confirmatum est, et Appius Claudius quaestionem tunc temporis exortam solvit, quod rhotacismus: - in positione intervocali ponebat sonum medium inter la ze la r. Appius Claudius definitive in alphabeto litteras introduxit, et resectis la, ita solutionem problematis reddit. Appius Claudius ingeniosus et multiformis, ut vidimus, hac de causa videtur prima "intellectus Romanus", qui notas satis definitas exhibet, quorumque imago hauriri potest. Non enim accidit quod primus historice testatus est scriptor Latinus prosa et primus orator Romae claruit. Quot orationes Appius Claudius Cicco in tota vita sua protulerit aut scripserit certo nescimus, quamvis admodum probabiliter sint numerosae, quas Cicero in Bruto (55) asserit;

Pair of Etruscan domitores, 6th century aCn. C. Tarquinia, Sepulchrum Leonum.

possumus Appium Claudium suspicari disertum. <Appium Claudium facundiorem vel facilitatem paroliorum praeditum existimare possumus.

[quotessentially]

From Baruch Spinoza’s Tractatus Politicus

[harrypotterhousequotes]

RAVENCLAW: "Whatsoever is contrary to nature is contrary to reason, and whatsoever is contrary to reason is absurd, and, ipso facto, to be rejected." –Baruch Spinoza (Tractatus Theologico-Politicus)

[philosophybits]

Peace is not mere absence of war, but is a virtue that springs from force of character.

Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus Politicus

[elizabethanism]

‘I have striven not to laugh at human actions, not to weep at them, nor to hate them, but to understand them.’ -

Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus Theologico- Politicus, 1670

[amy-583]

I have striven hard not to laugh at human actions, not to weep at them, nor to hate them, but to understand them.

Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus Politicus

[nudeartpluspoetry]

I have striven not to laugh at human actions, not to weep at them, nor to hate them, but to understand them.

Baruch Spinoza, lens grinder and philosopher, 1632-1677

Tractatus Theologico-Politicus

[philosophybitmaps]

[the-chomsky-hash]

[A. By bringing to light a dynamic as fundamental as dreaming and expression, Binswanger rejoined a tradition left unclarified by a 19th-century psychology that Freud did not always succeed in transcending - cont'd]

[2. The theme of original dimensions to dream experience, in contrast to the dream's psychological rights, can easily be discerned in Cartesian and post-Cartesian texts - cont'd]

d. [We see in Spinoza's Tractatus Theologico-Politicus]

Men of imagination, the Hebrews understood only the Word of images

Men of passion, they could be made to submit only by the emotions conveyed in frightening and angry dreams

The prophetic dream is like an oblique path of philosophy, another experience of the same truth, "for the truth cannot contradict itself." It is God revealing Himself to men by images and figures.

– Michel Foucault, Dream, Imagination and Existence: An Introduction to Ludwig Binswanger's Le rêve et l'existence (part III: Nihil magnum somnianti [Nothing too great to be dreamt by the dreamer]—Cicero), 1954, translated by Forrest Williams