#Tokamak Reactor

[suprcomputranimalracingsimulatr]

Outpost (1994)

[wayti-blog]

"Like atoms coming together to release their power, fusion researchers worldwide are joining forces to solve the world's energy crisis. Harnessing the power of fusing plasma as a reliable energy source for the power grid is no easy task, requiring global contributions."

"Triangularity refers to the shape of the plasma relative to the tokamak. The cross section of the plasma in a tokamak is typically shaped like the capital letter D. When the straight part of the D faces the center of the tokamak, it is said to have positive triangularity. When the curved part of the plasma faces the center, the plasma has negative triangularity."

""It's a potential game changer with attractive fusion performance and power handling for future compact fusion reactors," he said. "Negative triangularity has a lower level of fluctuations inside the plasma, but it also has a larger divertor area to distribute the heat exhaust."

The spherical shape of SMART should make it better at confining the plasma than it would be if it were doughnut shaped. The shape matters significantly in terms of plasma confinement. That is why NSTX-U, PPPL's main fusion experiment, isn't squat like some other tokamaks: the rounder shape makes it easier to confine the plasma. SMART will be the first spherical tokamak to fully explore the potential of a particular plasma shape known as negative triangularity."

continue reading

[noosphe-re]

Plasma density fluctuation in a tokamak plasma turbulence driven by ion temperature gradient. The green line shows the magnetic separatrix surface that contains the edge plasma pedestal within a few centimeters from it. Image: C.S. Chang, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (NERSC Sims Show How Recycled Atoms Boost Plasma Turbulence, https://cs.lbl.gov/news-media/news/2017/simulations-show-how-recycled-atoms-boost-plasma-turbulence/)

[whats-in-a-sentence]

Figure 27.23 shows a diagram of such a magnetic field and a photo of a prototype that is in operation in the USA.

"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

[carby]

List of machines that can be considered Friends™

Water coolers (glug glug?)

CO/Smoke detectors (‼️)

Air purifiers

CPAP machine (Dark Vador machine)

Bluetooth speaker

Tokamak nuclear reactor (powers my tooth brush)

Space heater

Automatic power timer (for fun lights n stuff)

CEILING FAN

I'm getting too emotional I gotta stop there

[literallymechanical]

Another comparison of the two most promising varieties of fusion reactor, tokamaks and stellarators. I used to work on tokamaks and now I'm doing stellarators and let me tell you. It's been an adjustment.

[mindblowingscience]

Scientists have overcome two key barriers to producing power from nuclear fusion, which could pave the way for producing near-limitless clean energy. The scientists have ensured that the nuclear fusion reaction overcomes the two barriers to operating in a “sweet spot” for optimal power production: boosting the plasma density and containing the dense plasma. A tokamak reactor is essentially used around the world for producing energy from fusion reactions. The reactors have a donut-shaped interior which is covered with magnets.

Continue Reading.

[necromancelena]

tricky treas

You get an experimental Tokamak fusion reactor

[abbiistabbii]

Earth Change-notes 20072024.1

George Washington no longer King of Czechia.

Removed extra stripe from transgender pride flag.

Red Bull now no longer gives you literal wings.

Third Major football team (Dundee City) has been removed from Dundee.

The names of Hank and John Green have been swapped back to their original holders.

Removed Doggerland from the UN.

You can now no longer install Linux on Antoine Lavoisier.

Wacom tablets no longer give you the ability to shapeshift.

Sarah Palin has been removed from the board of British Telecom.

You can no longer play as Richard Stallman on Mario Kart World Tour.

St Andrews, Scotland, now no longer has a Tokamak Fusion reactor.

[wumblr]

huh? whuh??

[startreksetplans]

Phase II Engineering

Lets talk about the Phase II Engineering Set

Here the set is under construction

Initially the shaft was a smooth tube, but this would gain additional detail as seen here (photo from contemporary fanzine)

This post by ArtofTrek shows that the concept behind the chambers - much like a Tokamak reactor ( https://twitter.com/ArtofTrek/status/1733598547335946593 )

From this Phase II Enterprise blueprint (cleaned up by David Shaw) we can see that Engineering is immediately below the pylons. Instead of splitting the plasma of as with the TMP warp core onwards, the Phase II core would have set it straight up.

Test footage was shot on the Phase II Engineering set. This was to see how much of the set could be salvaged, how well it stood up to widescreen movie filming. The Phase II costumes were used for these tests.

Engineering as seen from the upper level - now with health and safety rails

Once TMP went into production, the Phase II set was converted into the motion picture set. One wall was opened up to extend the core. The red ceiling supports were retained, but boxed in at the sides to hide the hexagonal lattice. Image from ArtofTrek

The Phase II ceiling textured material was removed and repurposed for location filming of Vulcan at Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park. The textured material helped to protect the hot springs surface during filming

This set would be remodelled to become the TNG Engineering set and retained many of the features. It would also be used in ST:VI

It would be remodelled again for Voyager Engineering The columns, side wall, ceiling supports and upper level still existed in this set.

After Voyager, new ships had new built from scratch Engineering sets. Phase II Engineering carried on through a refit, a new generation and a voyage to the delta quadrant.

[noosphe-re]

Movie of 3-D cutaway view of a shaped tokamak simulation, including beam-driven sheared flows. Note the simulation domain is not a whole torus, but of a hollow annulus. (https://w3.pppl.gov/~hammett/viz/viz.html)

[eleemosynecdoche]

Iizunamaru Megumu stares at the phone on her desk. Her geta clack against the floor awkwardly. Dare she? Dare she not? The number is right there. She can press "Call" at any time. She frowns. She can hear a pair of her underlings- two crows, probably- having an argument at the group printer. A kind of argument everyone knows the contours of. There's a light thud as one shoves the other against the wall, cawing as they break away from making out to snap at each other-

Her finger jabs the phone. Tenkyuu picks up on the third ring. "Hey," Megumu begins. And then pauses. "I know," she says, "that things didn't work out for us. We needed some space, some breathing room"- another thud from outside- "but we agreed nothing had to be final." A click. Tenkyuu has hung up.

She lowers the phone and stares with an expression indescribable in human language, emotions fusing together like they've been put into a tokamak reactor with the magnetic fields fired up.

She scrolls down to Himemushi. Presses "Call". Himemushi picks up. "Listen. I know we didn't-" her voice catches. "I know it didn't work out, I know, OK? But maybe we can keep it casual, light and free and-"

Momoyo interrupts. "I didn't believe it."

"What?" Megumu's face is a portrait of pure confusion.

"I didn't believe that you'd lost your girltwink to the Moriya's shrine maiden." She chuckles. Megumu can feel the knuckle-cracking that surely must be accompanying it, the stretching. "And then you come running to me, now that you've lost that tight ass and that thin-lipped mouth and that sycophantic river pouring from her lips."

"This has nothing to do with Kudamaki," Megumu says. "It's about us. You and me. What we could have together."

A pause. Momoyo's voice is awkwardly gentle when she speaks again. "Iizunamaru... you're not a bad fuck, OK? The problem's never been with what you can do to someone, what someone can do to you. Physically." She takes a deep breath. "But lately I've been getting kinda tired of trying to eat women out at arm's-length, ya know? Not just you, not only you, but... I'm not gonna go for a casual lay unless she's gonna cuddle afterwards without thinking about it."

Megumu's hand trembles. "Iizunamaru... Megumu. Are you OK? I'm not telling you, 'absolutely not', all right? It ain't a good time, that's all, and I'm sorry you're frustrated, even if it's kinda funny to think about your little tube fox getting collared by the Kochiya girl..." Momoyo's compassionate, or as close to it as she can sound. There's something grotesque about that to Megumu.

"I'm completely fine. Have a very nice day, Himemushi." Click. Phone down on the desk.

"Shit." She mutters to herself. "Shit, shit, fuck, fuck, what now, what now." Possibilities loom. Terrible, but among them- she pulls the phone back up and scrolls around some more. Finds the number. Calls.

"Komakusa? Yeah, hi, Iizunamaru Megumu, I helped you dodge any problems with your business operations a little while back, very grateful to you for keeping my girls happy- listen. I have a favor to ask. Do you arrange tricks?" There are no tears. There is a light smile on her face. Her geta are beating into the floor like Raijin guides them.

[carby]

As a machine myself, I'd like to know the most environmentally safe energy source. Batteries? Solar panel stuff?? I just need a diet man tryin not to kill the human peoples or whatever

green hydrogen if you can manage it! batteries are extremely unfriendly to the environment. Solar is alright, as well as wind. I have a tiny tokamak reactor I keep as a pet. He was a rescue

[literallymechanical]

Stellarators and Tokamaks, Part 0

Heyo now that I have a bit of breathing room I'm going to write up a series of posts on the history and physics of the two most prominent kinds of magnetic confinement fusion reactors: stellarators and tokamaks. Check my #fusion tag for more on fusion in general.

Anyway, today I'm going to show you a picture and explain where the names "stellarator" and "tokamak" come from. In Part 1, I'll start getting into some actual physics.

(source)

That's a tokamak on the left and a stellarator on the right. Specifically, the stellarator is Wendelstein 7-X at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik in Germany.

The yellow is hydrogen plasma undergoing nuclear fusion (like stellar plasma in a star!), the blue are the magnets and coils, the black arrows (in the tokamak) and green stripe (in the stellarator) show the path of a magnetic field line within the device. I will explain why the field lines do that in Part 1.

So,

What's with those funny names?

The stellarator was invented at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in 1951 by Lyman Spitzer, who is also the namesake of the Spitzer Space Telescope. The name is a portmanteau – "stellar" as in "stellar" and "-ator" as in "-ator." As a result, I find it very hard to say "stellarator" without dropping into a 1950's radio announcer voice. As in,

"The boys at Princeton have whipped up a brand new atomic reactor! That's right, their "Stellar-Ator" has brought the power of the stars to the good ol' U S of A, right here in scenic Plainsboro, New Jersey!"

"Tokamak" is a portmanteau of "тороидальная камера с магнитными катушками." First built in 1958 at the Kurchatov Institute in the USSR from concepts proposed by Andrei Sakharov, the United States Atomic Energy Commission was never successful at getting American scientists to stop using the Russian word for the device.

So that's Part 0! Stay tuned for some actual science.