#Signs and Symptoms Of Stem cell
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Stem Cell Transplant in India
Stem cell transplant (SCT) in India has reached new heights with constant advancements in the medical industry. Many life-threatening diseases, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and some immune disorders, can be treated after undergoing a stem cell transplant in India.
#Stem cell transplant (SCT) in India#Signs and Symptoms Of Stem cell#Types of Stem cell#Diagnosis and tests Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Cost in India#Success Rate of Stem cell transplant in india#Risk Factors Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Hospitals in India
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#Stem cell transplant (SCT) in India#Signs and Symptoms Of Stem cell#Types of Stem cell#Diagnosis and tests Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Cost in India#Success Rate of Stem cell transplant in india#Risk Factors Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Hospitals in India
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10 Early Warning Signs Of Autism In Your Child - You Should Not Ignore
Discover the crucial early indicators of autism in your child with these 10 warning signs that demand attention. Don't overlook these key signals for early intervention and support.
#signs of autism disorder#autism symptoms#autistic child behaviour#autistic child behavior problems#Stem Cell Treatment
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Old news, but something people should remember
Never let them tell you "We didn't know covid was so bad" or "It's mild for kids." We knew.
Also preserved on our archive
By John Anderer
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. — The news about coronavirus and children just got a lot worse. A troubling study by researchers at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia reports a “high proportion” of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 show elevated levels of a biomarker tied to blood vessel damage. Making matters worse, this sign of cardiovascular damage is being seen in asymptomatic children as well as kids experiencing COVID-19 symptoms.
Additionally, many examined children testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 are being diagnosed with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). TMA leads to clots in small blood vessels and has been linked to severe COVID symptoms among adult patients.
“We do not yet know the clinical implications of this elevated biomarker in children with COVID-19 and no symptoms or minimal symptoms,” says co-senior author David T. Teachey, MD, Director of Clinical Research at the Center for Childhood Cancer Research at CHOP, in a media release. “We should continue testing for and monitoring children with SARS-CoV-2 so that we can better understand how the virus affects them in both the short and long term.”
The complex connection between kids and COVID It’s fairly well established at this point that most children who contract coronavirus experience little to no symptoms. However, a small portion of young patients develop major symptoms or a post-viral inflammatory response to COVID-19 called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).
TMA in adults has a connection to more severe cases of COVID-19. Scientists believe the component of the immune system called “complement cascade” helps to mediate TMA in adults. The complement cascade is supposed to enhance and strengthen immune responses when a threat is present, but it can also backfire and lead to more inflammation. Up until now, the role of complement cascade during childhood TMA hadn’t been investigated.
To research the topic of “complement activation” in kids with SARS-CoV-2, researchers analyzed a group of 50 pediatric COVID-19 patients between April and July 2020. Among the group, 21 showed minimal to no symptoms, 11 experienced severe symptoms, and 18 developed MIS-C.
To search for complement activation and TMA among each patient, researchers used soluble C5b9 (sC5b9) as a biomarker. Scientists have used this substance for quite some time to assess the severity of TMA after stem cell procedures. In brief terms, the higher the level of sC5b9 in a transplant patient, the greater their mortality risk.
No symptoms doesn’t mean there’s no problem Study authors discovered elevated levels of C5b9 in both patients with severe COVID-19 and MIS-C. While this didn’t surprise researchers, they did get a shock from seeing high levels of C5b9 among even asymptomatic youngsters.
Some of the lab data regarding TMA had to be obtained after the fact. This meant researchers didn’t have a complete dataset to work with for all 50 studied patients. Among 22 patients researchers did have complete data for, 86 percent (19 children) were diagnosed with TMA. Every child had elevated levels of sC5b9, even those without TMA.
“Although most children with COVID-19 do not have severe disease, our study shows that there may be other effects of SARS-CoV-2 that are worthy of investigation,” Dr. Teachey concludes. “Future studies are needed to determine if hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 should be screened for TMA, if TMA-directed management is helpful, and if there are any short- or long-term clinical consequences of complement activation and endothelial damage in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C. The most important takeaway from this study is we have more to learn about SARS-CoV-2. We should not make guesses about the short and long-term impact of infection.”
The study is published in Blood Advances.
Study Link: ashpublications.org/bloodadvances/article/4/23/6051/474421/Evidence-of-thrombotic-microangiopathy-in-children
#mask up#covid#pandemic#covid 19#wear a mask#public health#coronavirus#sars cov 2#still coviding#wear a respirator
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disabled children and their parents - part 1
this post will be about babies born with disabilities, and part 2 will be about Susan Mullocks.
Call the Midwife has quite a number of families that are surprised to learn that their newborn has something going on that will make their lives different. Understandably they go through shock and adjustment periods and have to face difficult decisions. We will take a look at some examples in the third part of this post.
In a few cases the parents know before birth that there could be something that endangers their babies life and/or wellbeing.
One of the cases where the parents worry because of an older sibling who has a problem is the Sands family with Elaine. The girl shows symptoms of delayed development and starts having fits, due to phenylketonuria. Fortunately her baby sibling is fine. Elaine will need a special diet all her life to manage her condition and it is unclear how much she will be able to catch up on development. Both her parents are educated by medical staff and do their best. s10e5
Another family who has health concerns is the Aidoo family: first diagnosed in expecting mother Flora, they learn that her son and husband also have sickle cell disease. With both parents afflicted, it's a big concern that their newborn could also have it. Knowing what it is that will make their own and their children's lives harder, the family adjusts with the help of the Nonnatuns. Sickle cell disease remains a huge challenge for families and the health care providers worldwide - one thing people anywhere can do to help is sign up as a stem cell donor and maybe one day donate healthy blood stem cells to a patient. s8e2
In one case it was the grandmother who worried, because she knew about the family history with haemophilia. Hoping her daughter, Lorna Pryce, would have a baby girl, she did not mention that her husband died of the blood disorder. When the baby boy is born, it becomes apparent quickly that something is not working well and he needs hospital care in his first days of life. Probably not for the last time. His grandmother's experience may be helpful in managing his condition. s12e3
Kinda worried: The Reed family. Achondroplasia is making some things a challenge for Peggy and Derek Reed. The doctors fear that the baby they are expecting is going to have the condition as well - which would be likely, and the parents know what life would bring for their child. The other worry is that the child may not live, which would be very hard to bear. In the end the child is well and of regular size for a newborn. The new worry of her parents is that she will outgrow them soon - and they will indeed have to make adjustments again and again, like all parents have to. s6e3
Very clear example of a couple who has plenty of reasons to be anxious: another father called Derek, who has served in the army and was exposed to radiation during his time, is suffering even years after. What he did not expect is that the radiation poisoning would affect his children. When his wife Audrey gives birth, their son Christopher only lives for a few hours. Christopher's body did not develop in a way that made survival possible. The damage his father had endured on a genetic level caused Christopher's legs to be only half formed and more anomalies less visible caused his death. A deep shock for his parents. s10e1
A year later, after collecting information about similiar cases, Audrey is pregnant again. They trust the Nonnatuns to help again with the birth, but their fear that the new baby might also have problems is throwing a shadow over their excitement. Luckily their baby girl is well and lives. s11e1
Another example from an earlier season: (s3e5) in this episode mainly the baby's grandparents and the medical staff are worried that it might have a genetical condition: Sally Harper, a young woman with Down's syndrome, is pregnant. The baby's father, Sally's boyfriend Jacob who also lives in St. Gideon's, wants to marry her but is refused because he has a disability, too. Their baby is born too early and does not survive. We do not learn if it had Down's Syndrome. Sally and Jacob are separated, her parents would rather forget about everything. Jacob is sent to a different institution and does not get to say goodbye to Sally or to their child.
let's stay a while on the topic of babies who die from their disabilities.
Irene and Pat Kelly are devastated when their newborn son dies suddenly. Later they learn that he had a problem with his lungs, they were not developed fully and that cut his life very short. There was no sign of a problem right after his birth, and there was nothing that could have been done to help him. The Kelly's can only grieve. s2e2
Valerie's cousin Maureen gives birth to her third child, Warren. At first everything looks fine, then she notices that her son is unusually floppy and quiet. Dr Turner finds symptoms that point to a problem with his heart, and the diagnosis later is that the baby was exposed to german measles in utero. Several problems make it unlikely that he will live long, and his parents are shocked and sad. Then they decide to care for him at home to make his life as comfortable and happy as they can. Maureen attempts to help her older children to cope with the situation and form a bond with their baby brother. Warren dies quietly while his parents and siblings are sleeping close by. This way the family was able to say goodbye in a way they could bear. s9e6
Ruby Cottingham, proud mother of a bunch of boys, is pregnant again and hopes she'll get a girl. She has a difficult labor and needs a C-section, and the doctor is taken aback when he sees that the child is missing all limbs and other body parts. The hospital staff never lets Ruby see her baby, they decide to put the newborn in a side room and let the child die instead of trying to find out how to help. Sister Julienne finds and holds the baby while it is passing away. She is speaking up against a cruel decision, and later delivering the horrible news to Ruby. In the months after Ruby is dealing with her pain mostly alone and when she learns why her child died it is of no comfort. Thalidomide damaged her baby and she lost her child because some complete strangers did not do their work properly and sold dangerous medication. s5e4
Of the parents with disabled babies who lived there are some who will grow up just fine because their problem can be fixed with surgery, medication or other treatments. We'll look at them towards the end of this post. On the other hand, some children will be unwell all their lives and not grow as old as their peers.
Merle and Billy Vickers have two sons with the same puzzling poor health symptoms, and the little one is only saved from choking because his mother ran with him to get help at Nonnatus house. Sister Monica Joans insistence that Dr Turner look into an old textbook that describes their illness helps find the diagnosis "cystic fibrosis" and the treatment that will make the two boys' lives easier. With artificial enzymes they can have less side effects, but they will never be completely fine. s3e1
A newborn with a broken bone needs very careful handling. When Janice and Ray Prendergast have their first baby, Raymond, Sister Julienne discovers two broken bones within a very short time. Afraid that the boy has been assaulted, Dr Turner decides to take him away from his parents and into foster care. When the foster mother brings the baby in with another fracture, it becomes apparent that Raymond has osteogenesis imperfecta, and is therefore likely to suffer more broken bones. Extremely careful handling will protect him somewhat, but his life will be very challenging. s4e5
Two families, Shirley and Ian Dent and Marion and Godfrey Smith, are faced with a predicament like few others: their babies were muddled in the maternity home and each family took home the wrong child. One of the girls, Deborah, has a heart problem and will need surgery to survive. The parents are shocked and worried, and then they learn that the baby they have been caring for is not their own but the daughter of their aquaintances. They suddenly have the option of giving up the responsibility for Deborah. But it is not that easy. They have formed a bond with the sick child and cannot imagine just swapping her for another baby, not even their biological child, Jackie. The question how each family will go forward is unresolved, and we don't know if the risky surgery went well and the girl was fine. s4e7
Also unclear what became of the youngest child in the Lund family. The mother and older sister have Huntington's disease and will suffer increasingly from nerve damage. The hereditary condition could also be present in the baby, with no option of diagnosis as long as there are no symptoms. s7e3
Let's move on to more cheerful stories, shall we?
Remember Kirk? Youngest of six children, born with a cleft lip and cleft palate. Very inconvenient when your only job is sleeping and nursing. Milk gets into the airways and pneumonia will creep in, it's a nightmare. Now his mom Betty is usually a very competent and energetic woman. But with five other children demanding her attention and no husband at home because those sailors tend to sail away all the time, Betty feels she cannot give Kirk the care he needs. Adoption is considered. Until Valerie swoops in, sweeps the school children out the door, smack-talks the oldest boy into taking appropriate responsibility and gives Betty a hand with some of the chores. Kirk has his first surgery, his dad comes home, there's applause and a few years later he gets to be a flower child at Lucille's wedding. s8e3
Also in hospital with some complicated treatment: Clover, daughter of Clover, who now wants to be called Susan again. While the young woman wanted to give birth as naturally as possible, her baby needed immediate intervention because she was born with gastroschisis. Shelagh saves the day with some excellent staying calm skills, and the staff at the children's hospital find a way to put Clover's organs back where they belong. Susan reconciling with her father will also help Clover grow up safe and healthy. s13e2
I did not know that it is possible for a baby to be born with cancer. But apparently it happens often enough to have a name, this quite unlucky genetical mishap. Retinoblastoma. Both of Lindy Webster's girls have it and need treatment. They will be fine. The older girl will have just the one eye, but that's okay. Compared to other parents the Webster family is actually chill and will get through this. s13e5
Stefanie Baxter will be fine, too. More than that, probably, because her hip dysplasia is actually not that rare, the treatment is effective and she will have little long term problems. At first her mom Gillian was out of her depth, learning how to carry and care for a baby that needs to be in a harness and held in a certain way. Her husband Liam helps, as does Phyllis, who was the first to notice Stefanie's problem. Being carried in a baby wrap will help keep her legs in the right position and that is a really cosy way to take your newborn places or calm it down. s13e2
Of all the parents who are surprised by a baby with a disability, the Dellow family has the most happy outcome in my view. Blanche had planned to give her newborn to her childless sister, because her older children are already grown. When baby Robert arrives, he gets the diagnosis of Down's syndrome, and his aunt does not want to become his mother anymore. Blanche meanwhile calmly gets to know the little guy, is appaled by her sister's attitude and decides to keep him. Her husband initially finds it hard to deal with, but a conversation with Fred Buckle about Reggie changes his view. Violet even thanks Blanche for giving her the chance to glimpse a part of Reggie's past, because she never knew him as a baby. A couple of years later Robert is best friends with Reggie and they have the best time. 10e7
I'll close part 1 and wander on to write part 2 with the lovely line from Susan's second episode:
"Children must be loved. There is no rule in life so simple, or so true."
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Marble Hornet headcanons everyone come gobble em up before they get cold!!! @forgottenporkbun @monszsterz
So my headcanons for MH are a lot less conceret than those for the creepypastas cause ngl, I'm still trying to figure out wtf happened in MH. I haven't read the comics yet so I'm going off the main videos only. I've rewatched them a few times and read the theories but I'm still left with a few questions, and some theories I have fall apart when paired against certain videos SO take everything with a grain of salt. Even WORSE is I'm still playing around with how I want to write these scenarios and dynamics because they change drastically based on what theory I'm going with at the time.
Starting off, I think The Operator (TO) is doing a lot of experimentation. Each person in MH is affected differently cause no two people have the exact same type of TO disease. The closest are probably Jay and Brian, funny enough, because both were infected by Tim. Tim is patient zero for the disease in the sense that he doesn't just have it, he IS IT. Each cell in Tim's body contains a little speck of TO that, when transferred to others, can multiply and spread into a spiritual parasite. It reacts differently to Alex because he's also hand picked by TO. We know Alex had been stalked by him from an early age, maybe his whole life. When he got infected it triggered a sleeper agent type parasite in him. He's a lot more aggressive, violent, and bold. I think the difference stems from where the seed of The Operator has been planted. For Tim its the body, and Alex I honestly think its the soul. I could say mind but I actually think that applies better to Seth (and Ticci Toby but I'm trying not to include creepypastas in this rn). If the disease works through the bodies of Tim, Brian, and Jay it makes sense why normal prescription medication works to stop it. If that's the case why isn't everyone infected and wipes out the world? We were nearly at the end of MH by the time Jay started REALLY showing signs of no return. At almost any point he could have left got some medication, and probably get over it! I mean its like, entry 80 before we see him wandering around in a daze and hallucinating, right? His symptoms always get worse when he's in an infected area or around Tim for a prolonged amount of time. Jessica on the other hand seems to catch it really fast. Like REALLY fast. A single interaction in Rosswood has her just as bad as Jay, who had been on the run for almost two years surrounding himself with this shit. She has also been stalked by TO since a young age. I won't be able to get into her more until I read the comics tho.
I see a lot of people confused as to what Brian's status ends up being with both The Operator and his friends cause me too tbh. His motives are constantly bouncing around. One thing I know is he is still buddy buddy with TO. Some people say he's fighting against him but I don't get that at all from the videos. He's either using special powers he was given or TO is monitoring him and stepping in when possible to teleport him to safety. If TO is wanting followers then it makes sense he'd encourage Brian to lure Tim back into it with him. The issue is Alex is ALSO a follower. The Operator finds himself in a pickle when his girls are fighting one another. This is where I really get thrown off. An easy answer would be The Operator is an inhumane, eldrich, perhaps fae monster with no understanding of how humans really work. This, paired with the fact his followers have NO idea what he really wants them to do, means miscommunication and chaos ensue. When Tim is killing Alex in the final entries TO bounces around BOTH of them to get in their way. We know he's fully capable of tossing Tim off to the other side of the woods, or snatching Alex out of danger, but he doesn't. He's watching....I think he wants to see which style of infection is better. Tim's disease, or Alex's corruption. Which makes a better follower. This falls apart when you remember how close Brian came to killing Alex and he got saved by TO. Again you can sweep this under the rug by saying either A: He wans't done having fun yet or B: It had to be Tim. The OP doesn't give a FUCK about Jay dying, he lets him get shot and then scoops him up for devouring. Same about Brian, he lets him *fall*. They're supplemental to the game. Its all about Tim and Alex.
Now my FAVORITE headcanon of all time I use everywhere no matter WHAT...Tim is The Operator's favorite. If we wanna include pre-MH lore about Slenderman, aka his origins in the photoshop contest, then we learn he's been trying to do something like this for a very long time. Tim may be the first person ever directly infected by The Operator to live to adulthood. He may also be the first one to consistently fall back into a state of obedience, aka, a masked state where he's being crazy in Rosswood in the middle of the night. That makes him the favorite child. He is disobedient to The Operator, curses him, openly hates him, and physically fights against him throughout ALL of Marble Hornets and yet Tim never gets killed or devoured. He definitely comes close to both. I think him being teleported around is The Operator's most merciful form of punishment to shake some sense into his first follower. Its basically evil time out lmao. He just ALMOST snags two more followers in Brian and Jay but alas we know how that ends. In most people's "fix it" au, or "no one dies" au, that isn't an issue. My "no one dies" au transfers into creepypastas and the mansion and there is a direct tie in there with Ticci Toby, his similarities to Tim, their relationship, and how The Operator acts. The best way I explain it (and the way that makes me laugh the most) is saying TO is like parents who were cruel af to their eldest child, but by their youngest, they're completely different people and wonderful parents. I wouldn't call Slenderman a wonderful parent even in a very wholesome creepypasta mansion Au but he's definitely BETTER THAN WHATEVER THE FUCK WAS HAPPENING IN MH!!! This results in the younger children (pastas) having no idea why the eldest children (Tim and Brian) fucking hate their parents. Its a very good silly dynamic to wrap up the most gut wrenching, tragic yaoi I have ever watched.
#marble hornets#masky marble hornets#tim wright#mh hoody#jay merrick#brian marble hornets#alex kraile#slenderverse#slenderman#creepypasta#ticci toby
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COVID-19 Vaccines, 20,000 New Eye Disorders Are Reported
These experimental vaccines are designed to cause inflammation throughout the body, by reprogramming human cells to produce inflammatory spike proteins that are derived from the bio-weapon itself. Eye damage is merely a symptom of this inflammation, a sign of more serious problems to come with capillaries and autoimmune issues. The inflammatory conditions caused by the vaccines provide a new revenue stream for various industries within the medical system, including ophthalmology.
With mounting evidence of eye injury post-vaccination, ophthalmologists are ethically obligated to denounce these covid-19 vaccines. The vaccines are causing acute eye injuries at scale and are an underlying cause of inflammation for future eye disorders and other health problems. However, ophthalmologists are not properly trained to recognize, diagnose and report vaccine injury.
When the U.S. FDA issued Emergency Use Authorization for these experimental ‘vaccines’, they did not mention eye disorders specifically. In their fact sheet, they warn, “additional adverse reactions, some of which may be serious, may become apparent with more widespread use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine.”
In the UK’s Yellow Card System, vaccine-induced eye damage includes 4,616 cases of severe eye pain, 3,839 cases of blurred vision, 1,808 cases of light intolerance, and 559 cases of double vision. These issues were not prevalent until the vaccine was used. Some of the eye issues are mild but could be a sign of more serious issues within the cardiovascular or nervous systems. There were 768 cases of eye irritation, 731 cases of itchy eyes, 788 cases of ocular hyperemia, 459 cases of eye strain, 400 cases of dry eye, and 653 cases of increased lacrimation.
More serious issues of swelling were documented as well, including swelling around the eye (366 incidences), swelling of the eyelid (360 incidences) eyelid oedema (298) conjunctival haemorrhage or breakage of a small eye vessel (236), periorbital oedema (171), and eye haemorrhage (169). The swelling can be indicative of more serious cerebral, spinal, and/or cardiovascular issues. Blood clots and nervous system disorders are a commonly reported adverse event. The eye disorders provide a window of opportunity to understand just how severe the inflammation is. Ophthalmologists are able to identify early signs of vaccine-induced brain swelling, cardiovascular issues and stroke to help patients seek emergency care before the patient becomes another casualty to these horrid vaccines.
One 33-year-old pilot had severe migraines and sudden vision problems following the Pfizer vaccine. The pain migrated down the back of his neck toward the bottom of his skull. The pain lasted for several days and was accompanied by dizziness, nausea, disorientation, confusion, uncontrollable shaking, and tingling in his toes and fingers. He was ultimately evaluated by doctors. The Pfizer COVID vaccine had increased the pressure in his spinal cord and brain stem, rupturing his left inner ear, and damaging his eyesight.
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Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time.[1] Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months.[1][3][5] Early symptoms are usually nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite.[1] In the following hours or weeks, initial symptoms may appear to improve, before the development of additional symptoms, after which either recovery or death follow.
ARS involves a total dose of greater than 0.7 Gy (70 rad), that generally occurs from a source outside the body, delivered within a few minutes. Sources of such radiation can occur accidentally or intentionally. They may involve nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, certain devices used in cancer therapy, nuclear weapons, or radiological weapons.[4] It is generally divided into three types: bone marrow, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular syndrome, with bone marrow syndrome occurring at 0.7 to 10 Gy, and neurovascular syndrome occurring at doses that exceed 50 Gy.[1][3] The cells that are most affected are generally those that are rapidly dividing.[3] At high doses, this causes DNA damage that may be irreparable.[4] Diagnosis is based on a history of exposure and symptoms.[4] Repeated complete blood counts (CBCs) can indicate the severity of exposure.[1]
Treatment of ARS is generally supportive care. This may include blood transfusions, antibiotics, colony-stimulating factors, or stem cell transplant.[3] Radioactive material remaining on the skin or in the stomach should be removed. If radioiodine was inhaled or ingested, potassium iodide is recommended. Complications such as leukemia and other cancers among those who survive are managed as usual. Short term outcomes depend on the dose exposure.[4]
ARS is generally rare.[3] A single event can affect a large number of people,[7] as happened in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster.[1] ARS differs from chronic radiation syndrome, which occurs following prolonged exposures to relatively low doses of radiation.[8][9]
Signs and symptoms[edit]
See also: Effects of nuclear explosions on human healthRadiation sickness
Classically, ARS is divided into three main presentations: hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular. These syndromes may be preceded by a prodrome.[3] The speed of symptom onset is related to radiation exposure, with greater doses resulting in a shorter delay in symptom onset.[3] These presentations presume whole-body exposure, and many of them are markers that are invalid if the entire body has not been exposed. Each syndrome requires that the tissue showing the syndrome itself be exposed (e.g., gastrointestinal syndrome is not seen if the stomach and intestines are not exposed to radiation). Some areas affected are:
Hematopoietic. This syndrome is marked by a drop in the number of blood cells, called aplastic anemia. This may result in infections, due to a low number of white blood cells, bleeding, due to a lack of platelets, and anemia, due to too few red blood cells in circulation.[3] These changes can be detected by blood tests after receiving a whole-body acute dose as low as 0.25 grays (25 rad), though they might never be felt by the patient if the dose is below 1 gray (100 rad). Conventional trauma and burns resulting from a bomb blast are complicated by the poor wound healing caused by hematopoietic syndrome, increasing mortality.
Gastrointestinal. This syndrome often follows absorbed doses of 6–30 grays (600–3,000 rad).[3] The signs and symptoms of this form of radiation injury include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain.[10] Vomiting in this time-frame is a marker for whole body exposures that are in the fatal range above 4 grays (400 rad). Without exotic treatment such as bone marrow transplant, death with this dose is common,[3] due generally more to infection than gastrointestinal dysfunction.
Neurovascular. This syndrome typically occurs at absorbed doses greater than 30 grays (3,000 rad), though it may occur at doses as low as 10 grays (1,000 rad).[3] It presents with neurological symptoms such as dizziness, headache, or decreased level of consciousness, occurring within minutes to a few hours, with an absence of vomiting, and is almost always fatal, even with aggressive intensive care.[3]
Early symptoms of ARS typically include nausea, vomiting, headaches, fatigue, fever, and a short period of skin reddening.[3] These symptoms may occur at radiation doses as low as 0.35 grays (35 rad). These symptoms are common to many illnesses, and may not, by themselves, indicate acute radiation sickness.[3]
Dose effects[edit]
PhaseSymptomWhole-body absorbed dose (Gy)1–2 Gy2–6 Gy6–8 Gy8–30 Gy> 30 GyImmediateNausea and vomiting5–50%50–100%75–100%90–100%100%Time of onset2–6 h1–2 h10–60 min< 10 minMinutesDuration< 24 h24–48 h< 48 h< 48 h— (patients die in < 48 h)DiarrheaNoneNone to mild (< 10%)Heavy (> 10%)Heavy (> 95%)Heavy (100%)Time of onset—3–8 h1–3 h< 1 h< 1 hHeadacheSlightMild to moderate (50%)Moderate (80%)Severe (80–90%)Severe (100%)Time of onset—4–24 h3–4 h1–2 h< 1 hFeverNoneModerate increase (10–100%)Moderate to severe (100%)Severe (100%)Severe (100%)Time of onset—1–3 h< 1 h< 1 h< 1 hCNS functionNo impairmentCognitive impairment 6–20 hCognitive impairment > 24 hRapid incapacitationSeizures, tremor, ataxia, lethargyLatent period28–31 days7–28 days< 7 daysNoneNoneIllnessMild to moderate Leukopenia Fatigue WeaknessModerate to severe Leukopenia Purpura Hemorrhage Infections Alopecia after 3 GySevere leukopenia High fever Diarrhea Vomiting Dizziness and disorientation Hypotension Electrolyte disturbanceNausea Vomiting Severe diarrhea High fever Electrolyte disturbance Shock— (patients die in < 48h)MortalityWithout care0–5%5–95%95–100%100%100%With care0–5%5–50%50–100%99–100%100%Death6–8 weeks4–6 weeks2–4 weeks2 days – 2 weeks1–2 daysTable source[11]
A similar table and description of symptoms (given in rems, where 100 rem = 1 Sv), derived from data from the effects on humans subjected to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the indigenous peoples of the Marshall Islands subjected to the Castle Bravo thermonuclear bomb, animal studies and lab experiment accidents, have been compiled by the U.S. Department of Defense.[12]
A person who was less than 1 mile (1.6 km) from the atomic bomb Little Boy's hypocenter at Hiroshima, Japan, was found to absorb about 9.46 grays (Gy) of ionizing radiation.[13][14][15][16]
The doses at the hypocenters of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings were 240 and 290 Gy, respectively.[17]
Skin changes[edit]
Main article: Radiation burnHarry K. Daghlian's hand 9 days after he had manually stopped a prompt critical fission reaction during an accident with what later obtained the nickname the demon core. He received a dose of 5.1 Sv,[18] or 3.1 Gy.[19] He died 16 days after this photo was taken.
Cutaneous radiation syndrome (CRS) refers to the skin symptoms of radiation exposure.[1] Within a few hours after irradiation, a transient and inconsistent redness (associated with itching) can occur. Then, a latent phase may occur and last from a few days up to several weeks, when intense reddening, blistering, and ulceration of the irradiated site is visible. In most cases, healing occurs by regenerative means; however, very large skin doses can cause permanent hair loss, damaged sebaceous and sweat glands, atrophy, fibrosis (mostly keloids), decreased or increased skin pigmentation, and ulceration or necrosis of the exposed tissue.[1] As seen at Chernobyl, when skin is irradiated with high energy beta particles, moist desquamation (peeling of skin) and similar early effects can heal, only to be followed by the collapse of the dermal vascular system after two months, resulting in the loss of the full thickness of the exposed skin.[20] Another example of skin loss caused by high-level exposure of radiation is during the 1999 Tokaimura nuclear accident, where technician Hisashi Ouchi had lost a majority of his skin due to the high amounts of radiation he absorbed during the irradiation. This effect had been demonstrated previously with pig skin using high energy beta sources at the Churchill Hospital Research Institute, in Oxford.[21]
Cause[edit]
Both dose and dose rate contribute to the severity of acute radiation syndrome. The effects of dose fractionation or rest periods before repeated exposure also shift the LD50 dose upwards.Comparison of Radiation Doses – includes the amount detected on the trip from Earth to Mars by the RAD on the MSL (2011–2013).[22][23][24][25]
ARS is caused by exposure to a large dose of ionizing radiation (> ~0.1 Gy) over a short period of time (> ~0.1 Gy/h). Alpha and beta radiation have low penetrating power and are unlikely to affect vital internal organs from outside the body. Any type of ionizing radiation can cause burns, but alpha and beta radiation can only do so if radioactive contamination or nuclear fallout is deposited on the individual's skin or clothing. Gamma and neutron radiation can travel much greater distances and penetrate the body easily, so whole-body irradiation generally causes ARS before skin effects are evident. Local gamma irradiation can cause skin effects without any sickness. In the early twentieth century, radiographers would commonly calibrate their machines by irradiating their own hands and measuring the time to onset of erythema.[26]
Accidental[edit]
Main article: Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents
Accidental exposure may be the result of a criticality or radiotherapy accident. There have been numerous criticality accidents dating back to atomic testing during World War II, while computer-controlled radiation therapy machines such as Therac-25 played a major part in radiotherapy accidents. The latter of the two is caused by the failure of equipment software used to monitor the radiational dose given. Human error has played a large part in accidental exposure incidents, including some of the criticality accidents, and larger scale events such as the Chernobyl disaster. Other events have to do with orphan sources, in which radioactive material is unknowingly kept, sold, or stolen. The Goiânia accident is an example, where a forgotten radioactive source was taken from a hospital, resulting in the deaths of 4 people from ARS.[27] Theft and attempted theft of radioactive material by clueless thieves has also led to lethal exposure in at least one incident.[28]
Exposure may also come from routine spaceflight and solar flares that result in radiation effects on earth in the form of solar storms. During spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to both galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) and solar particle event (SPE) radiation. The exposure particularly occurs during flights beyond low Earth orbit (LEO). Evidence indicates past SPE radiation levels that would have been lethal for unprotected astronauts.[29] GCR levels that might lead to acute radiation poisoning are less well understood.[30] The latter cause is rarer, with an event possibly occurring during the solar storm of 1859.
when i catch you i swear。
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Islet Stand-ins
In type 1 diabetes, the cells of the pancreas that sense blood sugar and secrete insulin accordingly (islet cells) are destroyed. To both fix the problem and avoid immune rejection, doctors are hoping to replace the damaged cells with new ones grown from the patient’s own stem cells. To that end, researchers have grown these insulin-secreting organoids– clumps of cells that mimic the islets. The insulin-producing cells are labelled in red, and other associated hormone-producing cells are green. The organoids were grown from human stomach stem cells rather than pancreatic ones – simply because the cells are similar in nature but more readily retrieved (via endoscopy). Encouragingly, transplants of the organoids into mice with diabetes improved the animals’ symptoms and reversed signs of disease. With no available cure for diabetes, these proof-of-principle transplantations offer encouraging results that suggest such an approach might indeed be successful in the clinic.
Written by Ruth Williams
Image from work by Xiaofeng Huang and colleagues
Division of Regenerative Medicine and Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Image copyright held by the original authors
Research published in Nature Cell Biology, April 2023
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Stem Cell Transplant Cost in India
The cost of stem cell transplants in India ranges from $6000 to $12,000, with $2000 for each cycle. The price can reach $4000 to $6000 per session, depending on the condition. India offers stem cell transplant at almost one-seventh of the cost compared to countries like the UK and the USA.
#Stem cell transplant (SCT) in India#Signs and Symptoms Of Stem cell#Types of Stem cell#Diagnosis and tests Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Cost in India#Success Rate of Stem cell transplant in India#Risk Factors Of Stem cell#Stem cell transplant Hospitals in India
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Global Fabry Disease Treatment Market: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - UnivDatos
According to a new report by UnivDatos Market Insights, Fabry Disease Treatment Market is expected to reach USD 3.1 Billion in 2030 by growing at a CAGR of 7.1%. Fabry disease is a rare genetic condition stemming from a deficiency in the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. This shortage causes the buildup of specific fatty substances in the body, impacting multiple organs and systems. Signs typically emerge during childhood or adolescence and may involve pain, skin problems, gastrointestinal issues, and complications affecting the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. Early detection and proper care play a vital role in managing symptoms and averting potential complications. Several factors are contributing to the growth of fabry disease treatment including the surge in cases of inherited disorders, the surge in awareness programs regarding such diseases, and rising investments in healthcare departments are driving the growth of fabry disease treatment. For instance, according to the National Institute of Health, classic fabry disease mutations are seen in approximately 1 in 30,000 males, and atypical presentations are associated with about 1 in 15,000 males and 1 in 23,000 females.
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The report suggests that the Rising Research on Genetic Neurological Disorders is one of the major factors driving the growth of the fabry disease treatment market during the forthcoming years. Fabry disease treatment has gained support in terms of research and development in pharmaceutical industries. Money is an essential factor for gaining prominence in the market and genetic disorder research is attracting a huge load of money investments. This expenditure is driving the market for the development of new technological advancements in fabry disease treatment. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of launches, FDA approvals, and an increasing number of technological advancements focused on genetic rare disorders. For instance, in September 2023, CANbridge Pharmaceuticals' Fabry disease gene therapy abstract was accepted by the European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy's 30th annual congress presentation. It also provides hope for patients to get better care and support through fabry disease treatment, also it can serve as a doorway of opportunities for offering better treatment options in the future. Some of the recent treatments available or under investigation for Fabry disease include:
1. Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT): Various forms of ERT have been developed to supplement the deficient alpha-galactosidase A enzyme. These therapies aim to reduce the accumulation of fatty substances in the body and alleviate symptoms.
2. Chaperone Therapy: Chaperone therapies involve the use of small molecules to stabilize and enhance the function of the body's faulty enzyme, aiding in the breakdown of accumulated substances.
3. Gene Therapy: Research continues into gene-based treatments that aim to correct the genetic defect responsible for Fabry disease. This area holds promise for providing a potential cure or long-term management strategy by addressing the root cause of the condition.
4. Substrate Reduction Therapy (SRT): SRT is another approach under investigation that aims to reduce the production of the fatty substances that accumulate in Fabry disease.
5. Novel Therapeutic Approaches: Ongoing research explores innovative treatments, including next-generation ERTs, targeted therapies, and precision medicine approaches tailored to individual genetic profiles.
Enzyme Replacement Therapy Gaining Maximum Traction in the Market
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has gained traction in Fabry disease due to its ability to replace the deficient enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) in patients. By administering this enzyme, ERT helps reduce the buildup of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) and related substances, alleviating symptoms and potentially slowing disease progression. As it addresses the root cause of Fabry disease, ERT has become a cornerstone in managing this condition, improving patients' quality of life and offering a viable treatment option. Here are the advantages of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in Fabry disease:
· Reduction of Symptoms: ERT helps alleviate pain, gastrointestinal issues, kidney problems, and other symptoms associated with fabry disease.
· Slows Disease Progression: By replacing the deficient enzyme, ERT can slow the progression of Fabry disease, potentially preventing further organ damage.
· Improved Quality of Life: Patients undergoing ERT often experience an improved quality of life, with reduced pain and better overall health.
· Targeted Treatment: ERT directly targets the underlying cause of Fabry disease by providing the missing enzyme, addressing the root issue at a molecular level.
· Well-Studied and Established: ERT has been extensively studied, and its safety and efficacy have been established through clinical trials and long-term use in patients.
· Multiple Therapies Available: There are different ERT options available, offering patients and healthcare providers choices based on individual needs and preferences.
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Conclusion
The global fabry disease treatment market is a rapidly growing field, with advancements in technology leading to improved outcomes for patients with genetic disorders including fabry disease. The global fabry disease treatment market is expected to continue to grow in the coming years, as new technologies are developed. Overall, the global fabry disease treatment market represents a significant opportunity for pharmaceutical industries, which are making strategic alliances to design an effective drug for chronic disease treatment. With continued research and development, even more treatments will likely become available in the future, leading to improved outcomes for patients through fabry disease treatment.
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What Are the Common Signs of Retinopathy
In the early stages of retinopathy, you do not have symptoms. If the disease develops, signs and symptoms of retinopathy can include: Spots or shadowy strings in your vision floating (floaters)
For more information visit: https://www.globalstemcellcare.com/eye-disorder/stem-cell-treatment-for-retinopathy/
Or contact: 7042216389, 8287676389
#RetinopathyCure#StemCellTherapy#VisionRestoration#EyeHealth#RegenerativeMedicine#StemCellsForEyes#RetinaTreatment#OphthalmologyInnovation#MedicalBreakthrough#GSCC
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Neurological Breakthroughs: Revolutionizing Diagnosis and Treatment
If you want to find a reliable neurology hospital in Jaipur, it is important to choose one that combines state-of-the-art technology, skilled doctors and personalized care to tackle Neurology health challenges. From migraines to life-altering conditions like stroke Parkinson's, neurological disease, requires new diagnostic tools and breakthrough treatments to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients An ever-evolving field of Neuroscience is how we understand and manage these conditions It continues to revolutionize, offer hope and provide cures for millions.
The role of neuroscience in modern medicine
Neurology, the branch of medicine that focuses on rheumatology, plays an important role in dealing with conditions that affect the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system Neurological health and wellbeing are all intricately linked because the nervous system controls everything from motion perception to perception and emotion . so that patients are healthy and satisfied. They will do well to live.
General neurological problems
Neuroscience deals with many things:
Stroke: Sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, causing permanent neurological damage.
Seizures: Characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal brain function.
Alzheimer’s disease: a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting memory and cognition.
Parkinson's disease: A movement disorder caused by damage to dopaminergic neurons.
Multiple sclerosis (MS): an autoimmune condition affecting the central nervous system.
Migraine: Severe headache often accompanied by nausea, blurred vision, and other symptoms.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI): Caused by external forces, causing temporary or permanent weakness.
Breakthroughs in Neurological Diagnostics
Accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of effective dental treatment. Recent advances in diagnostic technology have enabled earlier and more accurate diagnosis of the condition.
Key diagnostic procedures
Advanced neuroimaging techniques:
Functional MRI (fMRI): Monitors brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow and diagnoses strokes and seizures.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET): Detects early signs of Alzheimer’s and other neurological diseases.
High-resolution CT scan: Provide detailed imaging to detect bleeding, tumors, and other abnormalities.
Genetic testing:
It identifies genetic and neurological diseases, enabling early intervention and appropriate treatment planning.
Electronic brain scan (EEG):
It monitors electrical activity in the brain, which is important for diagnosing seizures and sleep disorders.
Biomarker Analysis:
Blood, brain and spinal cord studies now provide insights into conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease.
Innovations in dentistry
Neuroscience has made revolutionary advances in medicine, allowing doctors to manage and even reverse the effects of many conditions
Less invasive neurosurgery
Endovascular techniques: Used for conditions such as aneurysms and strokes, these techniques guide small catheters through blood vessels, reducing recovery time and risks
Robotic-assisted surgery: Increases accuracy, reduces complications and improves outcomes in complex surgical procedures.
Neuromodulation therapies
Neuromodulation involves the use of targeted electrical or magnetic stimuli to modulate neuronal activity:
Deep brain stimulation (DBS): Used for Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, this technique involves applying electrical impulses to specific areas of the brain to control abnormal activity
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS): an effective noninvasive technique for depression and migraine.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS): Provides relief for drug-resistant nausea and mood disorders.
Regenerative medicine
Stem cell therapy: shows promise in treating neurological diseases such as ALS and MS to repair nerve damage.
Gene therapy: Emerging as a solution to inherited neurological diseases by correcting genetic defects.
Advanced chemicals
Innovations in pharmaceuticals have led to the development of drugs such as:
Slow the progression of diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
Reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.
Provide better control of allergies and autoimmune and neurological conditions.
Holistic Neurological Care
The increased emphasis on patient care has led to the addition of rehabilitation and mental health services to neuroscience. The comprehensive care plan now includes:
Physical Therapy: Helps patients regain mobility and reduce disability.
Occupational Therapy: Enables individuals to perform daily activities independently.
Speech therapy: Helps alleviate speech and swallowing problems.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Provides mental health support for conditions such as anxiety and depression, which are often associated with neurological disorders.
The role of technology in neuroscience
Technological advances continue to redefine what is possible in neuroscience:
Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI algorithms analyze complex data, helping to quickly diagnose and develop personalized treatment plans.
Wearable devices: Track neurological symptoms such as tremors, seizures and sleep patterns, to gain valuable insights for ongoing care.
Virtual reality (VR): Rehabilitation is used to improve physical fitness and manage chronic pain.
Telemedicine: Ensures that patients in remote locations receive expert advice.
The neuroscience of prevention: A risk reduction focus
Preventing arthritis is as important as treating it. Major dental hospitals recommend:
Routine health screenings for risk factors such as high blood pressure and cholesterol.
Lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management.
Vaccination against diseases such as meningitis and encephalitis.
Campaigns to raise awareness of early signs of stroke and other emergencies.
Conclusion
The field of neuroscience continues to evolve, driven by groundbreaking research and technological innovation. By embracing these developments, hospitals are changing the landscape of dental care, ensuring hope for patients and families affected by these critical conditions, the right neurology hospital in Jaipur, unparalleled knowledge, compassionate care and cutting-edge treatments, enabling patients to live healthy, fulfilling lives.
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Sarcoidosis Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
Sarcoidosis is a complex and often misunderstood disease that affects multiple organs in the body, primarily the lungs and lymph glands. It is characterized by the formation of tiny clumps of inflammatory cells called granulomas. These granulomas can disrupt the normal structure and function of affected organs. While the precise cause of sarcoidosis is unclear, it's thought to stem from an abnormal immune response.
Synopsis
What is Sarcoidosis?
Causes of Sarcoidosis
Symptoms of Sarcoidosis
Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Treatment of Sarcoidosis
Prevention of Sarcoidosis
Living with Sarcoidosis
Conclusion
What is Sarcoidosis?
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that can affect multiple organs in the body, but it most commonly impacts the lungs and lymph glands. It's marked by the formation of small clumps of inflammatory cells, called granulomas. These granulomas can alter the normal structure and function of the affected organ
Causes of Sarcoidosis
The precise cause of sarcoidosis is still a mystery, but it is thought to be related to an overactive immune system responding to an unknown trigger. This trigger could be an infection, environmental factors, or genetic predisposition. Here are some potential sarcoidosis causes:
Genetic Factors: Family history plays a role in the likelihood of developing sarcoidosis. Certain genetic markers have been associated with an increased risk of the disease.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental agents, such as dust, chemicals, or infectious agents, may trigger the disease in genetically susceptible individuals.
Infections: Some researchers believe that bacteria, viruses, or fungi might trigger the immune response that leads to sarcoidosis.
Symptoms of Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis symptoms can vary widely depending on which organs are affected. Some people may have no symptoms at all, while others may experience severe symptoms. Common symptoms include:
1. General Symptoms
Fatigue
Fever
Swollen lymph nodes
Weight loss
Lung Symptoms:
Persistent dry cough
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
2. Skin Symptoms
Reddish-purple bumps or patches, often on the shins or ankles
Visible sores or lesions on the nose, cheeks, and ears
Patches of skin that are discoloured, either darker or lighter
3. Eye Symptoms
Blurred vision
Eye pain
Severe redness
Sensitivity to light
4. Heart Symptoms
Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias)
Heart palpitations
Shortness of breath
Swelling caused by fluid buildup (oedema)
5. Nervous System Symptoms
Headaches
Weakness or numbness in an arm or leg
Facial paralysis
Consult our pulmonologist in Delhi if you are experiencing sarcoidosis symptoms.
Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Diagnosing sarcoidosis can be challenging due to its wide range of symptoms and similarity to other diseases. A thorough medical history, physical examination, and various tests are often required. These tests may include:
Chest X-ray: To look for granulomas or enlarged lymph nodes in the chest.
CT Scan: Provides a more detailed image of the lungs and other organs.
Pulmonary Function Tests: Pulmonary function tests measure lung capacity, airflow, and gas exchange.
Biopsy: A small sample of tissue is taken from an affected organ to look for granulomas.
Blood Tests: To check for signs of inflammation and other abnormalities.
Treatment of Sarcoidosis
There is no cure for Sarcoidosis Disease, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the disease and the organs affected. Common treatments include:
1. Medications
Corticosteroids: These are the most commonly prescribed drugs for sarcoidosis. They help reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
Immunosuppressive Drugs: Medications such as methotrexate, azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine may be used if corticosteroids are not effective or cause significant side effects.
TNF-alpha Inhibitors: These drugs, such as infliximab, can be used in severe cases to reduce inflammation.
2. Lifestyle Changes
Healthy Diet: A balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can boost your immune system.
Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help improve overall health and reduce fatigue.
Smoking Cessation: Quitting smoking is crucial, especially for those with lung involvement.
3. Supportive Therapies
Oxygen Therapy: For those with severe lung involvement, oxygen therapy can help improve breathing.
Physical Therapy: Helps maintain muscle strength and mobility.
Consult our pulmonology hospital in Delhi if you need sarcoidosis treatment.
Prevention of Sarcoidosis
There is no known way to prevent sarcoidosis, but certain measures can help reduce the risk of complications and manage the disease effectively:
Regular Medical Check-ups: Early detection and treatment of symptoms can prevent complications.
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding environmental or occupational triggers that may worsen the condition.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can support overall health and potentially reduce the severity of symptoms.
Living with Sarcoidosis
Living with sarcoidosis can be challenging, but many people lead full and active lives with proper management. Support from healthcare providers, family, and support groups can make a significant difference. Here are some tips for managing life with sarcoidosis:
Education: Learn as much as possible about the disease to make informed decisions about treatment and lifestyle changes.
Support Groups: Joining a support group can provide emotional support and practical advice from others who understand what you’re going through.
Stress Management: Techniques such as meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress and improve overall well-being.
Conclusion
Sarcoidosis is a complex disease with a wide range of symptoms and potential complications. While there is no cure, understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help manage the disease effectively. With proper medical care and lifestyle adjustments, many people with sarcoidosis can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
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Sarcoidosis Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
Sarcoidosis is a complex and often misunderstood disease that affects multiple organs in the body, primarily the lungs and lymph glands. It is characterized by the formation of tiny clumps of inflammatory cells called granulomas. These granulomas can disrupt the normal structure and function of affected organs. While the precise cause of sarcoidosis is unclear, it's thought to stem from an abnormal immune response.
Synopsis
What is Sarcoidosis?
Causes of Sarcoidosis
Symptoms of Sarcoidosis
Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Treatment of Sarcoidosis
Prevention of Sarcoidosis
Living with Sarcoidosis
Conclusion
What is Sarcoidosis?
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that can affect multiple organs in the body, but it most commonly impacts the lungs and lymph glands. It's marked by the formation of small clumps of inflammatory cells, called granulomas. These granulomas can alter the normal structure and function of the affected organ
Causes of Sarcoidosis
The precise cause of sarcoidosis is still a mystery, but it is thought to be related to an overactive immune system responding to an unknown trigger. This trigger could be an infection, environmental factors, or genetic predisposition. Here are some potential sarcoidosis causes:
Genetic Factors: Family history plays a role in the likelihood of developing sarcoidosis. Certain genetic markers have been associated with an increased risk of the disease.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental agents, such as dust, chemicals, or infectious agents, may trigger the disease in genetically susceptible individuals.
Infections: Some researchers believe that bacteria, viruses, or fungi might trigger the immune response that leads to sarcoidosis.
Symptoms of Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis symptoms can vary widely depending on which organs are affected. Some people may have no symptoms at all, while others may experience severe symptoms. Common symptoms include:
1. General Symptoms
Fatigue
Fever
Swollen lymph nodes
Weight loss
Lung Symptoms:
Persistent dry cough
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
2. Skin Symptoms
Reddish-purple bumps or patches, often on the shins or ankles
Visible sores or lesions on the nose, cheeks, and ears
Patches of skin that are discoloured, either darker or lighter
3. Eye Symptoms
Blurred vision
Eye pain
Severe redness
Sensitivity to light
4. Heart Symptoms
Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias)
Heart palpitations
Shortness of breath
Swelling caused by fluid buildup (oedema)
5. Nervous System Symptoms
Headaches
Weakness or numbness in an arm or leg
Facial paralysis
Consult our pulmonologist in Delhi if you are experiencing sarcoidosis symptoms.
Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Diagnosing sarcoidosis can be challenging due to its wide range of symptoms and similarity to other diseases. A thorough medical history, physical examination, and various tests are often required. These tests may include:
Chest X-ray: To look for granulomas or enlarged lymph nodes in the chest.
CT Scan: Provides a more detailed image of the lungs and other organs.
Pulmonary Function Tests: Pulmonary function tests measure lung capacity, airflow, and gas exchange.
Biopsy: A small sample of tissue is taken from an affected organ to look for granulomas.
Blood Tests: To check for signs of inflammation and other abnormalities.
Treatment of Sarcoidosis
There is no cure for Sarcoidosis Disease, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the disease and the organs affected. Common treatments include:
1. Medications
Corticosteroids: These are the most commonly prescribed drugs for sarcoidosis. They help reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
Immunosuppressive Drugs: Medications such as methotrexate, azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine may be used if corticosteroids are not effective or cause significant side effects.
TNF-alpha Inhibitors: These drugs, such as infliximab, can be used in severe cases to reduce inflammation.
2. Lifestyle Changes
Healthy Diet: A balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can boost your immune system.
Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help improve overall health and reduce fatigue.
Smoking Cessation: Quitting smoking is crucial, especially for those with lung involvement.
3. Supportive Therapies
Oxygen Therapy: For those with severe lung involvement, oxygen therapy can help improve breathing.
Physical Therapy: Helps maintain muscle strength and mobility.
Consult our pulmonology hospital in Delhi if you need sarcoidosis treatment.
Prevention of Sarcoidosis
There is no known way to prevent sarcoidosis, but certain measures can help reduce the risk of complications and manage the disease effectively:
Regular Medical Check-ups: Early detection and treatment of symptoms can prevent complications.
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding environmental or occupational triggers that may worsen the condition.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can support overall health and potentially reduce the severity of symptoms.
Living with Sarcoidosis
Living with sarcoidosis can be challenging, but many people lead full and active lives with proper management. Support from healthcare providers, family, and support groups can make a significant difference. Here are some tips for managing life with sarcoidosis:
Education: Learn as much as possible about the disease to make informed decisions about treatment and lifestyle changes.
Support Groups: Joining a support group can provide emotional support and practical advice from others who understand what you’re going through.
Stress Management: Techniques such as meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress and improve overall well-being.
Conclusion
Sarcoidosis is a complex disease with a wide range of symptoms and potential complications. While there is no cure, understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help manage the disease effectively. With proper medical care and lifestyle adjustments, many people with sarcoidosis can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
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Parents need to know about allergies and puppies
Introduction
Bringing a domestic dog into your place is additionally one of the most worthwhile judgements English Cream Golden Retriever Puppies a relatives could make. Those wagging tails, playful barks, and hot cuddles are onerous to face up to! However, for a few families, the pleasure of having a furry chum might Borzoi Puppies for Sale come with unusual demanding situations—specifically in terms of hypersensitive reactions. In this newsletter, we’ll dive deep into domestic dogs and allergies, exploring all the things households desire to be aware of about how they are able to coexist harmoniously.
What Are Allergies?
Allergies are your body's manner of reacting to substances that it mistakenly identifies as dangerous. When human being is allergic, their immune approach overreacts to allergens—elements like pollen, grime Borzoi Dogs for Sale mites, or maybe pet dander. This immune reaction can result in more than a few signs ranging from easy sneezing to intense bronchial asthma assaults. Understanding how allergy symptoms paintings is obligatory for families excited by adding a dog to their domestic.
Puppies and Allergies: What Families Need to Know
Allergies on the topic of canine primarily stem from proteins observed in a dog’s skin cells (dander), saliva, and urine. When these proteins develop into airborne or come to a decision surfaces, they'll set off allergy symptoms in sensitive members. As such, if any person to your relations has a background of bronchial asthma or asthma, it’s mandatory to have in mind this earlier bringing a pup into your place.
Common Symptoms of Dog Allergies Recognizing Dog Allergy Symptoms
If you suspect that any one to your household might also have an hypersensitive reaction to domestic dogs or canines, it’s obligatory to realize the in style indicators:
Sneezing: Frequent bouts of sneezing may suggest an hypersensitive reaction. Itchy Eyes: Redness and itching are classic indicators. Runny Nose: Nasal congestion or runny nostril can manifest. Coughing or Wheezing: Respiratory things are widely wide-spread for those with allergies. Skin Reactions: Hives or rashes can also strengthen upon touch with the puppy.
Recognizing these signs and symptoms early on allow you to address the issue fast.
youtube
youtube
Types of Allergic Reactions Immediate vs. Delayed Reactions
There are two typical forms of allergies:
Immediate Reactions: Occur inside mins after exposure and might result in critical symptoms. Delayed Reactions: Take hours or days to appear and will comprise lengthy-time period discomfort.
Understanding those reactions enables families get ready for energy scenarios while introducing a pup into their lives.
Choosing Hypoallergenic Breeds What Does Hypoallergenic Mean?
While no dog is totally hypoallergenic, a few breeds produce fewer allergens than others. These breeds might possibly be optimum for families involved approximately allergies. Here’s a immediate checklist of regular hypoallergenic breeds:
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Poodle Bichon Frise Maltese Portuguese Water Dog Schnauzer
These breeds more commonly have hair rather then fur, which facilitates
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