#Protease inhibitor

[sophsweet]

How Philanthropists hijacked COVID-19

Since early 2020, some observant people have speculated about where all the money committed by the Gates Foundation in January 2020 was going. The Bill and Melinda Gates website proudly announce their work to fight covid-19 from January 2020. How did they know how Coronavirus Disease 2019 would cause a global pandemic? Defensive institutes such as the main subject of this blog, patronisingly…

[drpedi07]

Atazanavir Drug

Medical information for Atazanavir on Pediatric Oncall including Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Renal Dose, Hepatic Dose

[neil-gaiman]

Hi Neil,

I’ve just realised something.

In Good Omens, Pollution is a horseperson of the apocalypse instead of Pestilence.

The novel was published in 1990 at the height of the AIDS crisis.

At the time, did you think about how that creative choice would resonate in the context of that particular pestilence? Also, are there ways in which echoes of the AIDS crisis appear in Good Omens? 

[These are genuine, non-judgmental questions. I’m too young to have experienced the pre-protease inhibitor era of the AIDS crisis. But I know it was a time of unimaginable tragedy in creative professions, exacerbated by institutional neglect and suffering. So writing at that time must have been fraught in complex ways. Thanks for your insights]

You might have forgotten the whole quote:

Pollution removed his helmet and shook out his long white hair. He had taken over when Pestilence, muttering about penicillin, had retired in 1936. If only the old boy had known what opportunities the future had held…

You'll find a fair amount of writing about what it was like working and living through that time, and why I created the Death Talks About Life public service comic here in this blog on Tumblr.

[hegory-grousing]

House felt Wilson’s light laugh. It vibrated through Wilson’s chest and into House’s shoulder, ending in an exhale against his neck. House barely repressed a shiver. “I really thought you’d given up this freaky little fetish,” House said. “I’ve been into the hug-stuff my whole life. Not stopping now.�� “And you won’t rest until you’ve dragged the rest of us down with you and your vile habit.” “Exactly. Now, what were you going to tell me about protease inhibitors?” - Experimental Procedures by ORiley42 on Ao3

silly image I made of a bit from one of my absolute favorite house fics, Experimental Procedures by @oriley42. go read it it's fucking phenomenal

[covid-safer-hotties]

Also preserved on our archive

By Mary Van Beusekom, MS

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is more infectious than severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) viruses because it contains an enzyme that can efficiently circumvent a host cell's innate defense mechanism, Kobe University–led researchers in Japan suggest in the Journal of Virology.

The innate immune system attaches the molecular tag ISG15 to SARS-CoV-2's nucleocapsid protein, which contains the virus's genetic material, inhibiting viral replication. The team's laboratory experiments suggest that the virus's papain-like protease (PLpro) can remove the tag, recovering its ability to assemble new viruses and escape the innate immune response.

Discovery may lead to more effective drugs While the SARS and MERS viruses belong to the same virus family and also have an enzyme that can remove the ISG15 tag, their versions are less efficient and have a different primary target than that of SARS-CoV-2.

In a Kobe University news release today, senior author Ikuo Shoji, MD, PhD, said this finding may help guide the development of more effective and selective COVID-19 inhibitors that target SARS-CoV-2's nucleocapsid protein.

"We may be able to develop new antiviral drugs if we can inhibit the function of the viral enzyme that removes the ISG15 tag," he said. "Future therapeutic strategies may also include antiviral agents that directly target the nucleocapsid protein, or a combination of these two approaches."

Study Link: journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.00855-24

Press Release: www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1061645

[dyke-terra]

Yo, Mia Dearden fans. Found a one off panel appearance in Manhunter (2004).

IMAGE ID: A comic panel showing Mia as Speedy looking at a bottle of pills with Ollie looking on. A voice from a TV says: Many beneficial drugs already on the market-- such as some protease inhibitors used by HIV patients-- are ethically questionable due to Vesetech's involvement in their development." END ID.

[tomafome]

Diamanda Galás’ left hand tattoo WE ARE ALL HIV+ (Photo: Peter Macdiarmid, 1994/7/7)

In 1992, when I wrote “we are all HIV positive” on my hand with a tattoo artist from Brooklyn, I said several things: One was that you may not separate the uninfected from the infected as so many so-called liberal doctors wanted to do, by putting the infected on Plum island outside of New York City. You cannot separate the uninfected from the infected by denying them access to your country. You cannot separate the uninfected from the infected by putting the infected on a separate floor that has red danger contagion signs and giving them crap to eat and instructing Catholic nurses not to administer painkillers to the guilty and allowing Catholic priests to visit them and inform them of their future in Hell if they do not confess that their entire life has been a crime. You cannot separate the infected from the uninfected by saying I do not have AIDS, I have syphillis, but most assuredly nothing to do with HIV, and then allow them to die an early death because they would rather die of the disease than the stigma, as so many did, and do, including my best friend—in 1996—who would be living today if he had not been petrified of the stigma and intentionally saw a doctor whose research was based on the option and the opinion that HIV did not cause AIDS. A second opinion, or better yet, my friend’s own research with other researchers would have been smarter. He knew better, but he told me when we first met in 1989 that he would kill himself if he were diagnosed with HIV. No matter what I said to him he continued to visit the one practitioner who would condone this denial for six years until it was too late, and the following year protease inhibitors hit the market—the year after he died. No, you cannot separate the uninfected from the infected by saying “I do not suffer from this virus: I have been spared.” Because one day, in one city, in one moment, you will learn that you suffer from some virus, some pathogen, something poisonous that will not exit from your body; and you will realize that you do not mourn the dead, you mourn the suffering of the living while they are still alive. No one can escape death, and worse than that, no one can escape the life of anything and everything that smells your blood and lives because of it.

Diamanda Galás, excerpt from “STIGMA”, in UPDATING THE PLAGUE AND THE MASS: PRAYERS FOR THE INFIDEL (2009/10/9)

[kunosoura]

Phone wallet keys… the fucking protease inhibitors

[elliepassmore]

It Was Vulgar and It Was Beautiful review

5/5 stars Recommended if you like: history, activism, LGBTQ+ history This book is probably one of the best nonfiction books I've read. The writing was engaging and I really connected with the people Lowery introduces in the pages. It's the kind of book that I was so invested in and whose content was so accessible that I wanted to just read it in one go. The book starts with an opening to the AIDS epidemic. We get to know some of the main people involved who were impacted by the crisis and how they reacted to it. I liked that we got this introduction instead of just jumping straight in to Gran Fury's work because it really explains the emotions of the time and how people felt compelled to act as well as just how devastating the AIDS epidemic was. While the main focus of the book is on Gran Fury and ACT UP, Lowery also follows the lives of the people involved in Gran Fury, some of the minutiae and politics of both, and how each can be placed in the context of the time. I actually think this information adds to the book and the story Lowery is telling, especially since it's information that might not be known to people coming into this book. It also helps to explain and provide context for some of the reactions of Gran Fury and ACT UP members (as well as other activists and organizations) later on in the book. The bulk of the book is spent describing the act Gran Fury created, the process of creating it, and the public's reaction to it. It was interesting to read about both the relatively unplanned, reactionary art that characterized the beginning of the movement and the more planned art that came later on. I definitely think this section is helpful for understanding how art and activism can stand together and how sometimes the message can get convoluted. Something I particularly liked about the book was that Lowery makes sure to point out that ACT UP was overwhelmingly white, overwhelmingly male, overwhelmingly cis. Despite the fact that Gran Fury recognized, and at times explicitly drew attention to, the fact that AIDS also impacted women, trans people, and people of color, the makeup of the groups weren't reflective of that fact. It was good to see that those things were acknowledge by Gran Fury, even if there was a gap in member representation. I also found it interesting how a number of Gran Fury members struggled with the so-called 'end of the AIDS epidemic' and recognized that protease inhibitors weren't the end for many, many people. Lowery also does not shy away from the truth and brutality of the AIDS epidemic and the sheer tragedy that came about as a result of the government's inaction. The number of people impacted by the crisis is incomprehensible, and Lowery makes sure that we readers understand that. It's definitely a heavy topic but I think it's important that it's included in the book. I can't really express how well I think this book does covering the topics it does and how it manages to be both thorough and engaging. I'll definitely be keeping my eye out for more nonfiction by Lowery.

[weakfleshwillingsoul]

2 separate protein preps failed within 2 days of each other. Spent a day harvesting and purifying A04 and pumping an insane amount of protease inhibitor into it just to have it die pathetically on the gel anyways, babysat it like a sick infant while it was on the centrifuge just to test the concentration and find there was no intact protein left in the solution. Same thing for the 292616, watched in horror as it ate shit on the chromatograph, ran a hail mary gel with the purified fractions regardless, every band was a handful of kilodaltons less than they should have been. No way of telling whether that was the chewed-up protein or some sort of uncanny contaminating imposter that eluted in its place. nearly 20 hours in the lab over the last couple days, exhausted to the point of surrealism ... had to discard everything. Must make new cultures on monday. Fifth A04 attempt, third 292616

[er-cryptid]

Aminocaproic Acid

Names -- Amicar -- Epsilon Aminocaproic Acid

Class -- hemostatic agent -- fibrinolysis inhibitor

Use -- management of acute, life-threatening hemorrhage due to systemic hyperfibrinolysis or urinary fibrinolysis -- prevention of recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage -- prevention of bleeding following oral surgery for hemophiliacs -- management of severe hemorrhage caused by thrombolytic agents

Action -- inhibits activation of plasminogen -- plasminogen is a serum protease activated to form clots

[vineetlabs]

A Leading Manufacturer of Ritonavir Intermediates & API in India

Vineet Labs is a prominent player in the pharmaceutical industry, renowned for its expertise in manufacturing high-quality Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and intermediates. With a strong focus on innovation and quality, Vineet Labs has established itself as a leading supplier of Ritonavir intermediates and API in India.

Ritonavir: A Critical Antiretroviral Drug

Ritonavir is a crucial antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It belongs to a class of drugs known as protease inhibitors, which work by blocking the enzyme protease, essential for the replication of the HIV virus.

Vineet Labs' Role in Ritonavir Production

Vineet Labs plays a vital role in the production of Ritonavir by manufacturing key intermediates required for the synthesis of the final API. These intermediates are crucial building blocks in the complex chemical synthesis process of Ritonavir.

Key Strengths of Vineet Labs:

State-of-the-art Manufacturing Facilities: Vineet Labs boasts modern and well-equipped manufacturing facilities adhering to stringent quality standards like GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices). Focus on Quality and Compliance: The company prioritizes quality and compliance in all its operations, ensuring that all products meet the highest regulatory standards. Experienced Team: Vineet Labs has a team of highly skilled and experienced professionals with expertise in pharmaceutical chemistry and manufacturing. Strong R&D Capabilities: Continuous research and development efforts enable Vineet Labs to optimize manufacturing processes, improve product quality, and develop innovative solutions. Customer Focus: The company maintains strong customer relationships, providing excellent service and support to its clients globally. Contribution to Global Healthcare

By efficiently manufacturing Ritonavir intermediates and API, Vineet Labs contributes significantly to the global fight against HIV/AIDS. Access to affordable and high-quality antiretroviral medications is crucial for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes.

Conclusion

Vineet Labs is a key player in the Indian pharmaceutical industry, making significant contributions to the production of essential medicines like Ritonavir. With its commitment to quality, innovation, and customer satisfaction, Vineet Labs continues to play a vital role in improving global healthcare access.

[drpedi07]

Amprenavir Drug

Medical information for Amprenavir on Pediatric Oncall including Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Renal Dose, Hepatic Dose.

[goedmedicine]

How long would Sildenafil last?

Sildenafil, commonly known by its brand name Viagra, is one of the most widely used medications for treating erectile dysfunction (ED). It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing men to achieve and maintain an erection when sexually aroused. However, a common question among users is: How long does sildenafil last? Understanding the duration of its effects can help you plan better for sexual activity and ensure you’re using the medication most effectively.

In this blog, we’ll explore how long sildenafil lasts, what factors influence its duration, and tips for maximizing its effectiveness.

How Long Does Sildenafil Last?

Sildenafil generally lasts between 4 to 6 hours after it is taken. This means that once you take a dose, you can expect it to help facilitate erections for a window of time within that range, provided sexual arousal occurs.

Onset of action: Sildenafil usually starts to work about 30 to 60 minutes after taking the pill, though this can vary depending on individual factors like metabolism and whether you’ve eaten.

Peak effect: The medication reaches its peak effect around 1 to 2 hours after ingestion.

Duration of effect: Sildenafil’s effectiveness generally lasts for 4 to 6 hours, although some individuals may experience effects for a longer or shorter period.

It’s important to note that sildenafil does not cause an erection on its own it requires sexual stimulation to be effective. Even if the medication is still in your system, you won’t experience an erection unless there is physical or mental arousal.

Factors That Influence How Long Sildenafil Lasts

Several factors can influence how long sildenafil lasts and how well it works for you. The minimum time for which Sildenafil will act to work and bring about erectile hardness is around 4 hours. And this effective time is for generally all the smaller doses that is Sildenafil 25mg and Sildenafil 50mg. Here are the most common variables:

1. Food Intake

The presence of food, especially a heavy or high-fat meal, can delay the absorption of sildenafil and affect how long it lasts. If you take sildenafil after eating a large meal, it may take longer to start working and may not be as effective over time.

Best practice: Take sildenafil on an empty stomach for faster onset and maximum effectiveness. If you’ve eaten, try to wait at least 2 hours before taking the medication.

2. Dosage

Sildenafil is typically available in 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg doses. The most commonly prescribed dose is 50 mg, but your healthcare provider may adjust it based on your needs and tolerance.

Higher doses (e.g., 100 mg) may last longer, but they could also increase the likelihood of side effects.

Lower doses (e.g., 25 mg) may have a shorter duration of effect and are often used in individuals with certain medical conditions or those who are more sensitive to the medication.

3. Age and Health Conditions

Your age and overall health can influence how quickly your body metabolizes sildenafil and how long its effects last. Older adults or those with liver or kidney issues may experience a prolonged effect, as their bodies process the medication more slowly. Additionally, people with conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes may notice variations in how long sildenafil works.

For older adults: You may experience a longer duration of effect, but you might also be more prone to side effects.

For those with liver or kidney issues: The drug may stay in the system longer, so lower doses are often recommended.

4. Other Medications

Certain medications can interact with sildenafil and either enhance or reduce its effects. For example, nitrates (often used for chest pain or heart conditions) can dangerously increase the effects of sildenafil, leading to low blood pressure. Additionally, medications like protease inhibitors (used in HIV treatment) can delay the metabolism of sildenafil, prolonging its effects.

Always inform your doctor about any medications you are taking to ensure the safe use of sildenafil.

What Happens After Sildenafil’s Effects Wear Off?

Once the 4 to 6-hour window has passed, sildenafil will gradually leave your system, and its effects will diminish. At this point, you will no longer be able to achieve or maintain an erection from the medication, but it does not mean your body has immediately returned to its baseline state. Depending on how your body processes the medication, it could take a few more hours to fully clear from your system.

Residual effects: Some men may feel residual effects, such as increased sensitivity or mild arousal, after sildenafil’s main effects wear off, but these are not guaranteed.

Next dose: You should wait at least 24 hours before taking another dose of sildenafil, as taking more than the recommended amount can lead to side effects such as headaches, dizziness, or even more serious issues like priapism (a prolonged, painful erection).

Can Sildenafil Last Longer Than 6 Hours?

While sildenafil’s effects are typically seen for 4 to 6 hours, some individuals may experience effects for a longer period. This is usually due to individual variations in metabolism, dosage, and health conditions. For example:

Older individuals may find that sildenafil lasts a bit longer due to slower metabolic rates.

Those with kidney or liver conditions may also experience a prolonged duration as their body processes the medication more slowly.

However, if you experience prolonged effects that go beyond what is typical, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider to ensure that the medication is working as expected and to rule out any adverse reactions.

Tips for Maximizing Sildenafil’s Effectiveness

To get the most out of your sildenafil prescription, consider these tips:

Take it at the right time: Take sildenafil about 30 to 60 minutes before sexual activity for the best chance of success.

Avoid heavy meals: To ensure quick absorption, try to avoid eating large or fatty meals before taking sildenafil.

Be patient: Sildenafil doesn’t work immediately and needs time to take effect. Give it the time it needs to build up in your system.

Avoid alcohol: Excessive alcohol can interfere with sildenafil’s ability to work effectively. Stick to moderate drinking if you’re planning to use the medication.

Monitor your health: If you experience side effects or if sildenafil doesn’t work as expected, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

Conclusion

Sildenafil is an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction, typically providing results for about 4 to 6 hours after taking the medication. Its duration can vary based on factors like food intake, dosage, age, and overall health. By following the prescribed guidelines and understanding how your body responds, you can optimize the effectiveness of sildenafil and enjoy a satisfying sexual experience.

Always talk to your healthcare provider before starting sildenafil to ensure it’s the right option for you and to understand the best way to use it for your specific needs. With the right approach, sildenafil can help you regain confidence and improve your quality of life.