#Juan de Mata

[pedrojhuerta]

Juan de Mata: profeta de la dignidad humana

El mensaje de Juan de Mata resuena hoy con más claridad que hace ocho siglos, nos invita a construir espacios de liberación genuina, más allá de intereses partidistas o discursos superficiales

En ocasiones anteriores, he hablado de san Juan de Mata: de los aspectos singulares de su vida y de los vaivenes de sus reliquias tras su muerte. Hoy, que es su festividad, es momento de adentrarnos en el sentido profundo de su legado. Curiosamente, tal vez comprendamos mejor a Juan de Mata hoy, 811 años después de su muerte, que sus contemporáneos. Es cierto que intentar interpretar a alguien…

[buttergirlepic]

oh no oh no oh no oh no oh no oh no oh no oh n

[dailyreddevils]

[cmatain]

Celebrado en modalidad híbrida (presencial y virtual) el XIV Congreso Internacional «Jóvenes Investigadores Siglo de Oro» (JISO 2024)

Los pasados días 12-13 de diciembre se ha celebradoen modalidad híbrida (presencial en la Universidad de Navarra y virtual a través de la plataforma Google Meet) el XIV Congreso Internacional «Jóvenes Investigadores Siglo de Oro» (JISO 2024), organizado por el Grupo de Investigación Siglo de Oro (GRISO) de la Universidad de Navarra, en colaboración con el Instituto de Estudios Auriseculares…

[cynthiabertelsen]

Nuns' Farts, or, How Sweet It Is

Why would someone ever call dainty sweets “nuns’ farts?” How unappetizing and disrespectful … But call them that someone did, possibly a few disgruntled novices in a Catalan convent during the Siglo de Oro (Golden Century or Golden Age). Just imagine the young women giggling as they fried the dough, the popping sound of air escaping from the wet dough causing even more laughter. And then sudden…

[dare-g]

Books 61-70 of the year 📖!

[elbiotipo]

speaking of werewolves does Argentina have a werewolf legend? in Brasil the legend is that if a couple has 6 daughters and the 7th child is a boy, he will turn into a werewolf on his 13th birthday

NOT ONLY WE HAVE WEREWOLF LEGENDS, WE HAVE LEGAL PROTECTIONS AGAINST THEM

According to Argentine Law No. 20.8431, the President of the Nation becomes the godfather (or godmother) of the seventh male son or seventh female daughter of any Argentine, so that they don't become werewolves (lobizón) or witches.

This by the way, is a real law. It's still enforced today.

There are 11.000~ Argentine godchildren who are protected by the Argentine State from becoming werewolves.

This comes from a petition from Russian inmigrants who also had the same legend.

In Argentina, werewolves are called "lobizón" (plural, "lobizones") and traditionally they are related to the Guaraní legend of the Luisón, one of the cursed children of Tau and Keraná, which is also popular in Brazil. However, that legend has several modern retellings and it's difficult to access to its origin.

In fact, according to Juan Ambrosetti, the lobizón isn't a native legend on itself, but it comes from European Brazilian inmigrants who interacted with the criollo and native people of the region, including Argentina. For example, in Argentina, and I believe also Brazil, the Lobizón or Lobisome is associated with the Aguará Guazú or Lobo-Guará. This is not a connection found in the native peoples of the Americas, at least not in historical records, and it doesn't really fit the rather gentle and skittish nature of the Aguará Guazú.

In fact, the Tupi-Guaraní peoples, and most of the people from the Amazon to the Mata Atlántica to the Great Chaco if not the whole of the range of the jaguar, have therianthropic legends of Jaguar-men, most prominently in the Guaraní cultural sphere (Paraguay, Northern Argentina and Southern Brazil) the Yaguareté-Avá, sorcerers or madmen who could turn into jaguars. This was an incredibly common motif found all over the continent. It seems that this legend was syncretized with European tales of werewolves, thus transforming into the Lobizón, associated (rather infamously) with the Aguará Guazú as we know it today.

This is something that deserves careful reading and study, but if anyone has time, here is a fascinating read:

[themuseumwithoutwalls]

MWW Artwork of the Day (12/16/24) Vincenzo Carducci (Italian, 1576-1638) Miraculous Return from San Juan de Mata (c. 1634-35) Oil on canvas, 237 x 236 cm. Museo del Prado, Madrid

Carducci primarily painted religious subjects. In 1632 he completed Europe's most extended cycle of monastic paintings: fifty-six influential canvases illustrating the lives of Saint Bruno and other Carthusians for a Carthusian monastery near Segovia. Carducci may be most recognized for his contributions to Spanish art theory. This work was part of the series of twelve canvases on the lives of San Félix de Valois and San Juan de Mata, founders of the Order of the Holy Trinity of Redemption of Captives, painted by Carducci for the church of the convent of the Barefoot Trinity in Madrid.

[notasfilosoficas]

“Acá hay tres clases de gente: la que se mata trabajando, las que deberían trabajar y las que tendrían que matarse”

Mario Benedetti

Fue un escritor, poeta, dramaturgo y periodista uruguayo, nacido en Paso de los Toros en mayo de 1920.

Fue hijo de Brenno Benedetti y Matilde Farrugia, quienes lo bautizaron con el nombre de Mario Orlando Hardy Hamlet Brenno Benedetti Farrugia.

Vivió en Paso de los Toros los primeros tres años de su vida, y cambió de residencia a Tacuarembó por asuntos de negocios de su familia.

Estudió de manera incompleta hasta la secundaria en 1935 en donde abandonó la misma por problemas económicos, continuando de manera libre.

A los 14 años trabajó en una empresa de repuestos para automóviles, y posteriormente se desempeñó en múltiples oficios para ganarse la vida.

En 1946, se casó con Luz Lopez Alegre, con quien permanecería casado hasta el fallecimiento de ella en el 2006.

En 1944, dirigió una revista literaria y publicó un libro de ensayos integrados. En 1945 se unió al equipo de redacción de un semanario en dónde permaneció hasta 1974, año en que fue clausurado por el gobierno de Juan María Bordaberry quien fuera presidente constitucional de 1972 a 1973 y dictador de 1973 a 1976.

A partir de 1950, se convirtió en uno de los miembros del consejo de redacción de una de las revistas mas destacadas de la época, y en 1964 trabajó como crítico de teatro, y en una pagina literaria semanal de un diario.

Por su posición política y tras el golpe de estado de 1973, Benedetti abandonó Uruguay exiliándose en Buenos Aires Argentina y posteriormente a Perú en donde fue detenido, deportado y amnistiado para luego instalarse en Cuba de agosto de 1975 a fines de 1979. Un año después residió en Madrid España y posteriormente en la Isla de Mallorca.

Es durante su exilio que publica dos de sus mejores poemarios; Poemas de Otros en 1974 y La casa de ladrillo en 1977, ese mismo año, publica una de sus novelas más conocidas; Primavera con una esquina rota.

En 1985, Benedetti regresa a Uruguay, en donde es nombrado miembro del consejo editor de un nuevo semanario dando continuidad al proyecto interrumpido en 1974.

A lo largo de su vida Benedetti recibió múltiples reconocimientos y distinciones, incluyendo un doctorado Honoris Causa por la Universidad de Alicante.

Su extensa obra abarcó géneros narrativos, dramáticos y poéticos. Fue autor de ensayos y el Cantante Joan Manuel Serrat musicalizó varios de sus poemas en el disco “El sur también existe”.

Mario Benedetti fallece en mayo de 2009 en su casa de Montevideo a los 88 años de edad. Fue sepultado en el panteón Nacional de Montevideo reuniendo a cientos de ciudadanos, personalidades y amigos del escritor.

Fuente Wikipedia.

[pedrojhuerta]

La vocación de Juan

Historia de la vocación de San Juan de Mata, fundador de la Orden Trinitaria

28 de enero. Juan de Mata no ha podido dormir bien. Hoy con más justificación, porque en unas horas se encontrará con el Obispo de París, su viejo profesor de teología, el abad de San Víctor y muchos amigos, porque a Juan no le costaba hacer amigos, en la iglesia abacial de San Víctor de París. Estamos en el año del Señor de 1193, y Juan de Mata va a celebrar su primera Misa. Había llegado a…

[jartita-me-teneis]

EL TABACO

El tabaco como todos sabemos es muy perjudicial para la salud y el primero que lo comprobó fué allá por finales del siglo XV Rodrigo de Jerez, marinero que había acompañado a Colón.

La Inquisición consideró que el fumar era un hecho demoniaco ya que “ …. solo el diablo podía dar a un hombre el poder de sacar humo por la boca”.

Al pobre Rodrigo de Jerez lo hicieron preso , lo juzgaron y lo condenaron. Años después vino el slogan “El tabaco mata”, …. que se lo digan a él.

Rodrigo había visto en su viaje a América a unos nativos echar humo, aspirando unos hojas de tabaco y lo lógico: humo del latín fumo y de ahí a fumar (echar humo) un paso.

Le ofreció a los indios unos abalorios, tres espejitos y unos collares “de los chinos” y ellos a cambio le dieron un “brazao” de hojas de tabaco que se las trajo a España y que al final fue su perdición.

Con el tiempo a la Inquisición se le bajaron los humos, y nunca mejor dicho, y permitió el tabaco. También por el hecho que, aunque no lo creais, se consideraba que tenia propiedades curativas. “Es mester ver”.

En 1560 Jean Nicot , embajador de Francia en Portugal, se trajo una planta de tabaco desde La Florida que “creció y se multiplicó maravillosamente” . Posteriormente la llevó a su país Francia y poco a poco se fue extendiendo su cultivo por toda Europa.

Por cierto a la planta le encontraron un alcaloide especifico y le llamaron nicotina (De Juan Nicot).

El tabaco en aquel tiempo , como he dicho anteriormente, tenia además un uso medicinal pero también se fumaba, masticaba, inhalaba (rapé), etc.

A España llegó la planta durante el reinado de Felipe II, aproximadamente en 1577, y las primeras plantaciones se hicieron en un lugar cercano a Toledo llamado El Cigarral , de ahí que se llamara cigarro a lo que se fumaba.

Su consumo se extendió enormemente y apareció un industria que cada vez fue mas importante.

Hoy dia fumar se considera algo negativo tanto para la salud como socialmente pero ,y esto va dedicado a mis seguidores jóvenes, hace 50 años era un signo de distinción social.

De hecho cuando se venia licenciado del servicio militar el padre ofrecía por primera vez tabaco a su hijo como prueba de madurez y de que ya era un persona responsable.

Es decir no se tenía conciencia de los aspectos negativos del tabaco e incluso la industria tabaquera añada productos como amoniaco para hacerlo mas adictivo. Textos .Pepe Mateo.

[unitedbydevils]

Amorim's United: Who makes the cut?

With United having suffered five defeats in December alone, and conceded 9 goals in the last 3 games - all notably without De Ligt due to illness - there's some big cracks visible in the United squad.

This prompts me to pose the question: who, in this current United squad, makes the cut. Below I'll break out into five categories:

Sell

Monitor

Keep

Promote

Buy

SELL

United have ELEVEN players who need to be moved on. This isn't necessarily because they haven't pulled their weight and performed, but there's an issue with them being in the squad and that needs addressing.

Jonny Evans - A veteran player who I'd love to see stick around as a coach, but the reality is he's ageing and was a surprise signing under Erik Ten Hag. He has been useful at times but he's slowing, and a third season should not be a thing. Maybe an U21s player/coach at most.

Casemiro - Good player, especially with Ugarte now to partner him in CM, but he's on a huge wage and it seems like either INEOS don't want that bill or Amorim doesn't really rate him. Either way, time to part ways.

Harry Maguire - The former captain has had something of a renaissance under Ruben Amorim in the back 3, which reduces his ball-playing duties and allows him to showcase his better traits. That said, he's not first choice ahead of De Ligt, and with INEOS tightening up on contracts... he might decide it's time to move on and bag one last big deal to be a guaranteed starter.

Victor Lindelöf - A good bloke, a defender I like, but he has always been lightweight and doesn't suit Amorim's defence. Like Maguire, his contract is running out so it's time to say thanks and best wishes.

Altay Bayindir - He wasn't especially rated before we signed him as our backup keeper, and he hasn't done anything to impress since signing. I'd rather promote from the academy to be understudy.

Marcus Rashford - This one hurts. There's rumours about drink and gambling, but how much of that is exaggeration of a black man's socialising? Who knows. Either way, we can say that Rashy has looked unhappy at United for a while, and the rumours of INEOS wanting to sell him, his chat with Henry Winter about being ready for a new challenge, and hints from Amorim about him not being up-to-scratch and thus not in the match squads... it feels like game over for United x Marcus. A real shame, but he's on huge wages that are not consistent with his output. He's no Mo Salah. That's not on him - you get offered big money, you take it, but it's poor from the Glazers and former management to "retain" him on such money and to bring that pressure.

Christian Eriksen - Like Juan Mata, Eriksen is an incredibly talented and intelligent player, but he just does not have the legs to do more than the offensive work for the team, and that's not viable in this rebuild. In an established team, you can handle 1-2 players like that, but United are not established. We're an expensive, clumsily assembled squad. A return to Brentford would be a fun move to see - let him be that attacking mid playmaker for another 2 seasons and then go wind down in Sweden or Denmark.

Luke Shaw - A talented defender no doubt, and a LB/LWB that would suit Amorim's system well, but the best ability is availability and Shaw is out more than he's in. His decision to go play for England in the summer was admirable for England fans but dire for United fans - setting his fitness/recovery back by months after struggling through at the end of the Euros. We pay his wages, and he disrespected that, and sale is the punishment.

Mason Mount - I like him, but he's also an injury failure like Luke Shaw. It's a crying shame, because his pressing style is perfect for an Amorim 10 and a bit of form/rhythm would get the goals + assists out of him, but he can't do it. His last full 90 was before Inter Miami was launched ffs. Thanks but goodbye.

Tyrell Malacia - Back from injury, Malacia is slowly working back to fitness. He did well vs Saka and Arsenal but has been poor aside. Form and match fitness take time, so maybe he'll come good, but at best I feel Malacia is a back up LWB to somebody, and given we have Amass coming through and Diego Leon getting signed… it feels like the end of the road and back to the Eredivisie.

Antony - A left footed right-winger that doesn't beat his man and offers very little goal threat, crossing, or set piece talent. He moves and grafts, but that's the bare minimum, and he cost an absolute fortune (not his fault). Cut our losses and move him on, because Pellistri would do more and our academy kids will do more.

MONITOR

To add insult to injury, there are SEVEN players who are on the watch list for Amorim and his coaches, due to failing to meet the required standards of quality or consistency.

Andre Onana - Last season he was iffy, especially in the Champions League. This season, Onana started well but has recently began shitting the bed. Conceding two direct corners in the space of a week is vile. Here's hoping it's a blip and he returns to form, but if it's not... that's two wonky seasons and sale worthy.

Diogo Dalot - The RB/RWB should suit Amorim's formation to a tee. He hasn't played at RWB enough, helping deputise at LWB, but wherever he has played he has been poor. Maybe a run of games at RWB would fix this, but that's why he's monitored not sold. A hard worker, but not that smart, Dalot might be a future sale once United are tidied up a bit.

Lissandro Martinez - I like The Butcher, but this season he has been sub-par. Maybe a back three doesn't suit him, but the LCB seems to be ideal for his left foot and ball-playing, so I think it's just a poor spell of form. He needs to stop losing his markers and all should be well.

Bruno Fernandes - He's not Captain Fantastic (god I'd love Robbo in this team) but he has a lot to offer. The problem is we're not seeing it. We're missing the goals and instead getting treated to silly bookings (three reds this season already). Bruno needs to lead by example or he'll be made to leave as an example.

Joshua Zirkzee - He's new, and evidently a clever, technical player, but he seems languid and has delivered... nothing, so far. We need more goals or assists in the second half of the season, else next season is make-or-break for him.

Toby Collyer - The youngster is on the fringes of the first team, and making many matchday squads. I wonder if he'll get game time, so it's hard to judge his readiness just yet as he isn't playing. Toby's at the point of play or sell though come the end of next season.

Harry Amass - A talent we robbed from Watford's academy and we teased in the pre-season. Offensively lovely, defensively flawed, but an ideal LWB. I think he's ready to be tried, but it's unclear if Amorim sees anything there yet.

KEEP

Thankfully we have some people to keep.

Kobbie Mainoo - Kid's mint, even if his form at the moment is meh. This is where squad depth should allow him to be benched.

Manuel Ugarte - YES LAD. Proper bruising midfield destroyer, god bless.

Matthijs De Ligt - My captain. I'd move it to him from Bruno next summer. He's not world class but he's very good.

Noussair Mazraoui - This guy might be world class, but his form has just tailed off. Hopefully it's a blip like the others, but still, he's reliable even on a bad day.

Rasmus Hojlund - Not first-choice quality, yet, but certainly one for the future so he should stay. It's not his fault we couldn't get Kane.

Alejandro Garnacho - Same. Decision making is poor but he's good.

Amad Diallo - Boy Wonder. Love this kid and i'm so glad he's finally getting his just rewards. A bit of a dip - like so many - of late but otherwise he has been very impressive this season.

Leny Yoro - Back from injury and looking alright, the kid has a high ceiling to his play. A few mistakes in there at the moment, but Rio had that at his age too. Playtime will iron out the kinks.

Tom Heaton - Third choice keeper, academy graduate, reliable dude. No point in shifting on people with the United mentality and the right attitude. Maybe a player/coach setup in the U21s, and bump Dermot Mee to no2 keeper.

PROMOTE

Only two obvious ones here: Dan Gore and Godwill Kukonki.

The latter is a tall, strong, technically proficient LB/LCB which is flexibility that has evidently pleased Ruben Amorim.

Dan Gore at CM flirted with the first team previously under Ole and ETH but injury set him back. Now he's back at it for the U21s and looking sharp, and his box-to-box style will allow him to play in that midfield pairing. He has a bit of Keano bite in him as well as a knack for shooting from distance and good passing range. I'd even go so far to try him alongside Ugarte as soon as possible, to let Mainoo rest and shape up.

BUY OR LOAN

United under Amorim are struggling at both wing back positions and in the front three.

Diego León (Cerro Porteño) - The 17 year old has reportedly agreed a pre-contract with United ahead of signing officially for a small fee next summer. He's strong, fast, and reportedly good technically, but he's a kid and an unknown. That said, this seems a done deal, so I think he's going to be our backup LWB and moulded in the image of Amorim.

Tyler Dibling (Southampton) - Another teenager, the 18 year old is in his breakthrough season and looks electric up and down the right wing. He's good on the ball, he's not afraid to be in possession, and he offers valuable width. He'd very much suit the RWB position and could form a lovely dovetail partnership with Amad in the right 10 and play swapsies positionally to lose markers. Mmmm, tasty.

Evan Ferguson (Brighton) - The Irish CF is a class player and a proper leading man, but he is injury prone. Brighton are losing patience, and United are desperate for goals. The lad's a United fan, so it could be a good trial to earn a summer transfer.

Matheus Cunha (Wolves) - I told friends that today is the game that sealed his move to United. He's himself liked comments linking us with him on Instagram, and to be honest... I like him. I think he offers us similar quality on the ball to Amad Diallo and that dazzle and guile is something we need to inspire the team and give confidence. His pace and agility makes him a mean goal threat, and we greatly lack that. He'll be 26 next spring too, so he's entering his prime and this would be a perfect time for a big move.

Milos Kerkez (Bournemouth) - LWB is a flawed position for us, and Kerkez (also rumoured a United fan) is playing well for Bournemouth and would solve a lot of our issues there. With Terminator-level stamina, strong marking, and very competent passing... to me this is a no-brainer signing.

Patrick Dorgu (Lecce) - The one thing stopping Kerkez being the definitive LWB rumour for United. Dorgu the Dane is a starlet at Lecce in Serie A and has shown great potential. He's a big specimen and boasts strong ball carrying and technical skills. He can play LWB, RWB and LCB, but my only concern is a lack of assists. Versatility is nice but we also need end product, which is where I'd punt for Kerkez, but we'll see.

Alvaro Fernandez (Benfica) - We have a buyback on our former academy player, but I wouldn't blame him for not wanting to come back after our disrespect. A talented prospect, Alvaro excelled in the very physical Championship, picking up accolades along the way, and yet United didn't see him as a worthwhile prospect versus the injured Luke Shaw and unproven/then injured Tyrell Malacia. Wild. He's good on the ball, pacey, has good crossing, and isn't afraid to tackle. There might be better players, but he's still rather good and has a long way to go until his ceiling.

Jeremie Frimpong (Bayer Leverkusen) - The ideal RWB choice with all the pace, crossing, finishing you could want... but probably not likely. Rumour has it he is a United fan, but why would a player of his calibre join a shitshow like us, especially if we don't make Europe? Fandom only goes so far.

Éderson (Atalanta) - The CM is very likely to move next summer thanks to the amazing season he, and his team, are having in Serie A and Europe. Statman Dave and Ste Howson have both picked the lad out as an ideal acquisition to partner Ugarte thanks to his rounded game of passing, pitch coverage, strength in duels, and creativity. This would be a perfect signing for Dan Gore to understudy.

Angel Gomes (Lille) - The former United academy CM was and is hugely technically proficient and his performances in France recently earned him a call-up to the England squad. He'll be 25 in the summer when he's out of contract (we do like freebies) and could prove a useful squad player in that sitting CM role, dictating the play.

Jonathan David (Lille) - Another one from Lille available on a free, David is a Canadian international with a similar fast, agile style to Rashford, Martial, and Garnacho. I'm unsure if he'd work in the Premier League, but again, free is a good price and could be a safe punt for a season or two for squad depth.

Tyrick Mitchell (Crystal Palace) - Mitchell is on the cusp of an England call-up and will be 26 shortly after the start of next season. A good age, Mitchell offers decent attacking prowess and solid defensive skills. He could prove a good foil for a more offensive RWB choice like Dibling, to avoid United being too gung-ho. Rumour has it he's available on a free as well, but I wouldn't be surprised if there's a cheeky +1 on his contract to bag a few quid.

Dominic Calvert-Lewin (Everton) - The final freebie on the list, DCL has had his injury issues but is still evidently a top PL striker stuck in a meh team. Come and join a different disappointing north-west side, kid. He's a good leading man, scores good goals, has the proper movement in the box and all the right instincts. He's solid in the air and on the ground and wouldn't be losing duels like Hojlund - an ideal tutor for the young lad.

One that's getting added here but is NOT someone I want to add into the mix is Victor Osimhen. A very talented striker that would rip the Premier League a new arsehole, for sure, but he's on a HUGE bag of wages. Losing Marcus and Case would help fund that with some change spare, but then with Rasmus and Zirkzee and kids in the academy... is he the right signing? If he flops he's hard to move on... a nice choice but personally no. Let him go to Chelsea and win them the league. Upset Pep next season as Liverpool are this time, and keep denying Arsenal and Arteta lol.

Time to wrap up then. My must-buy four for the summer are:

Kerkez to solve LWB

Cunha to be a starting 10

Ederson, to start ahead of Mainoo in the CM pairing

Dibling at RWB

How much will the above cost? Probably around £150-160 million. It's not a cheap summer transfer window, but it's necessary repair work. The big challenge for Jason Wilcox and Omar Berrada is to get people out the door and to get money for them. The more we can sell our dross for, the greater the chance of bagging these improvements, especially if we miss out on European football which is... likely. Fuck.

United's biggest flaw is a lack of goals. If we can solidify CM and solve the wing-back positions then we can guarantee the patterns of play to create more chances and build the strikers' confidence. Cunha and Amad flanking A striker... I'm already salivating.

Let me know in the comments if you agree, disagree, or players you'd like to see.

[acostumbradoalfindelmundo]

Antes de venir al mundo tenés que saber que las cosas se convierten en ficción apenas entran en contacto con nuestra memoria. La solidez de la realidad se diluye ante nuestro punto de vista. La sobredosis de opiniones convierte todo en un territorio de arenas movedizas, siempre y cuando le demos el mismo valor a cada voz cada vez. Si algo en la imaginación se rompe, la realidad se detiene. La empatía se escurre por las alcantarillas. Le inyectamos cada vez más odio a la estructura del universo. Quien no acepta otra verdad que la suya, mata. Por eso te dejo esto a mano: un abrazo que escapó de la tormenta. Hay sangre en la nostalgia, por si te querés servir. Disculpa el desorden pero no me dieron tiempo para ser feliz, mucho menos para ordenar lo que queda de mí. Traté de ser humano pero solo me pidieron ser productivo, me disculpo por esta imagen incompleta que soy mientras respiro. No te olvides de traer alguna de mis canciones favoritas, me devuelven la seguridad en lo que dudo. Te espero acá con mis amigas que me ayudan a matar el tedio y el asedio, venite cualquier viernes a la noche donde podamos sumergirnos, o cualquier día de lluvia que calle el ruido del mundo.

"Debió llegar a eso de la una, cuando el sueño es más pesado; cuando comienzan los sueños, después del 'Descansen en paz', cuando se suelta la vida en manos de la noche y cuando el cansancio del cuerpo raspa las cuerdas de la desconfianza y las rompe." (Juan Rulfo; "El hombre", 1953)

Acostumbradoalfindelmundolandia: linktr.ee/acostumbradoalfindelmundo

[cmatain]

Publicado en Acceso Abierto el volumen «Cervantes y el “Quijote” desde Alcázar: literatura, historia, sociedad», editado por Carlos Mata Induráin, Juan Bautista Mata Peñuela y Luis Miguel Román Alhambra (BIADIG, 70)

Se ha publicado en línea, en Acceso Abierto, como número 72 de la Colección BIADIG (Biblioteca Áurea Digital) del GRISO, el volumen Cervantes y el «Quijote» desde Alcázar: literatura, historia, sociedad, editado por Carlos Mata Induráin, Juan Bautista Mata Peñuela y Luis Miguel Román Alhambra. Carlos Mata Induráin, Juan Bautista Mata Peñuela y Luis Miguel Román Alhambra (eds.), Cervantes y el…

[leyza-haide]

Hoy publico fanart de Leo San Juan si mi cabeza no me mata primero pero por ahora tengan a Kika

[editorialanuketblog]

¿LEER o NO LEER?

Por Juan Ángel Cabaleiro -Escritor-

En una anécdota muy ilustrativa que Ernesto Sábato incluyó en Uno y el universo, alguien pide que le expliquen la teoría de la relatividad, y un experto en el tema lo intenta varias veces, rebajando más y más el nivel de abstracción y buscando ejemplos concretos y cotidianos. Y cuando el otro finalmente capta la idea, el experto, resignado, le aclara que eso, en realidad, ya no tiene nada que ver con la teoría original. Son los límites de la divulgación científica, que también existen en el mundo del arte y las humanidades.

Pienso en los notables esfuerzos que hacemos a veces para embutir de algún modo la cultura en espíritus reacios, como esas madres que dan una medicina amarga a sus hijos embadurnándola en dulce de leche: así tratamos de colarle la literatura a nuestros jóvenes, al descuido, sin que le noten su verdadero sabor, haciéndoles creer que es otra cosa, porque de esa manera, jugando y jugando, conseguimos que toquen un libro con el dedo, que lo miren de cerca, que consideren remotamente su lectura sin que un escalofrío les suba por la espalda.

Un caso de tantos fue la reciente Feria del Libro de Tucumán (Argentina), que ponía en la vidriera a una sexóloga, un experto en mercadotecnia de heladerías y un relator deportivo al servicio de la política, amén de otras engañifas varias para echarle un anzuelo al pretendido lector.

Para ser justos, no se trataba de una «feria de la literatura», sino «del libro», que soporta los contenidos más diversos. Si antes las ferias del libro eran eventos esencialmente literarios, hoy ya no lo son, sino grandes centros comerciales donde desfilan famosos de todo tipo. Los viejos y amargados lectores de Dostoievski se renuevan con alegres booktubers, booklovers y hasta bookstagrammers, que en un futuro no muy remoto serán sustituidos por otra flor de un día, por algo más efímero y encandilante aún, mientras el fenómeno profundo y solitario de la lectura va quedando tan lejano como la teoría de la relatividad en la anécdota de Sabato.

Seudolectores

Tanta buena voluntad por edulcorarnos la lectura termina alejándonos de ella, porque mata o nos oculta su esencia verdadera, la específica manera de disfrutar del lenguaje que tenemos los humanos. Dudo mucho que un auténtico lector abandone el sillón de su casa y se sienta atraído por estos paripés culturales en los que se ha visto ya de todo, hasta lo más ajeno a la literatura, con la excusa de ser amplios y estar al día. En definitiva, están convocando a las ferias del libro a los que no quieren leer, aunque tal vez les guste aparentarlo, dar un paseo, conocer al famosillo de turno, sacarse la foto y conseguir la firma, rebañar el dulce de leche y dejar de lado la medicina. Son los seudolectores, una mayoría que valora la lectura por la rara inercia simbólica que mantiene el libro, pero que no tiene tiempo para leer ni verdaderas ganas. O que leen, en el fondo, no por la lectura, sino por la política, las heladerías o la esperanza ilusoria y siempre rentable del sexo. Lectores de autoayuda, de consejos milagrosos, de fórmulas secretas para el éxito, de chismes de famosos. Los que tienen a la lectura como medio o instrumento para otra cosa y no como un fin en sí mismo. La gran legión de los seudolectores que mantiene en pie la industria editorial.

¿Leer o no leer?

Dan ganas de inmolarse en esta idea: si no quieren leer, que no lean, qué tanto… Seguirá pasando, a pesar de todo, el fuego sagrado de mano en mano, entre minorías, como ha sido siempre. Y me pregunto: ¿no va siendo hora de que abandonemos esta absurda batalla perdida de forzar a la gente a hacer algo que no quiere? Quizá tengan ellos la razón y no nosotros. Si hoy la lectura concentrada y profunda es un padecimiento o una imposibilidad para la mayoría de las personas, sobre todo para los jóvenes, que no lean, que busquen en otro lado los estímulos para la imaginación, el pensamiento y la creatividad.

Me amparo en Borges, cuando decía que la lectura es una de las formas de la felicidad, y uno no le puede imponer a nadie ser feliz.