#Hispanic History

[whitesinhistory]

Arizona was largely a Republican stronghold but that has changed in the Trump era, and Rep. Ruben Gallego hopes that he can continue making inroads for Democrats there this year by winning the state’s open Senate seat. “A lot of people are seeing the stakes of this election, realizing that there's only really one way to go, and that's to make sure that you don't get people like Kari Lake and Donald Trump elected,” he tells Ali Velshi. He notes how Lake’s election lies and brash ways have caused “trauma” among people in the state and that Republicans have been playing a lot of political games. “They need the border problem for political reasons, but yet, our border communities are still hurting.”

[nickysfacts]

We can thank Pachucas for providing us with the ability to reshape are lips and kisses!

🎞️💋👩🏽‍🦱

[todaysdocument]

Draft of letter from the Dept. of Labor to the Imperial Valley Farmers Association, 12/18/1962. 

The Bracero Program recruited Mexican men to work as farm laborers in the U.S. Wages were higher than in Mexico, but braceros faced exploitation and abuse.

Record Group 174: General Records of the Department of Labor

Series: Records Relating to the Mexican Labor ("Bracero") Program

File Unit: R.T. Englund Co. (El Centro) Elizabeth A. Longebohn charges

Transcription:

Imperial Valley Farmers Association

P.O. Box 616

El Centro, California

and

Mr. R. T. Englund and

Mrs. R.T "Constance" Englund,

individually and doing business as

The R.T. Englund Company

P.O. Box 517

Salinas, California

Gentlemen:

Pursuant to paragraph a) (4) of Article 30 of the Migrant Labor Agreement of 1951, as amended, a statement of alleged violations was transmitted to you under date of October 11, 1962 alleging, among other violations of the Agreement and the Standard Work Contract, there was a violation of Article 19 of the Standard Work Contract through the maintenance of inaccurate and inadequate records of employment of Mexican Nationals in lettuce harvest activity in that such records showed in at least seventeen instances a greater number of hours worked than is in fact were worked by such Mexican National workers. The response of the R.T Englund Company, transmitted on November 29, 1962 by George C. Lyon of the law firm of Moss, Lyon and Dunn, attempts to explain the seventeen instances of alleged discrepancies between the time of arrival of the last loaded lettuce truck at the cooler and the indicated final employment of the crew in the field by the practice of your company in utilizing the crew after the lettuce was picked in picking up leaves from furrows and placing them on top of the lettuce bed, The affidavit of R.T. Englund submitted with your response includes sworn testimony that such picking up of leaves takes anywhere from fifteen minutes on up to three hours."

[page 2]

The response of the company with respect to the picking up of leaves as an explanation of the field slips covering the employment of Mexican National workers in the lettuce harvest requires a consideration of whether or not this alleged activity may itself constitute a violation of Article 4 of the Standard Work Contract and Article 19 of the Migrant Labor Agreement is that such activity may have been performed without any compensation being provided therefor. The existing Article 30 proceeding initiated through the Article 30 a) (4) letter of October 11, 1962, described above, is therefore suspended until a response is given by you to the allegations of indicated violations concerning the picking up of leaves following completion of the loading activity in the field. Your response should be directed to the following specific points:

1. Describe with particularity the different occasions when leaf picking activity occurred after the final loaded truck left the field for the cooler. Specify the particular dates when this activity occurred.

2. Particularize as to the amount of time required for the leaf-picking activity on each of the days when the activity occurred.

3. Identify the number of members of the crew engaged in this activity, with particular explanation of whether such activity was performed by Mexican National workers only or both Mexican National workers and domestic workers comprising Crew No. 1.

4. Give further explanation as to the specific authorization of the leaf-picking activity under the DE-3401 authorization issued by the California Department of Employment local offices at El Centro, California.

The evidence now available to me indicates that the leaf-picking activity,

[page 3]

when performed after the final packing and loading activities of the crew have been performed for the day, is not considered as a part of the lettuce harvest authorized activity included in the lettuce ground harvest activity described in the Form ES-366 as "lettuce, cut, trim, pack, spread cartons, spray, pad, close, carry and windrow" or "lettuce, load, stack." The requirement that such work be performed by the harvest crew, with the compensation therefor to be included within the piece rate of twenty-four cents per carton for the authorized lettuce harvest activity, would therefore constitute a violation of Article 4 of the Standard Work Contract and Article 10 of the Migrant Labor Agreement.

You have ten days from the data of receipt of this supplemental notice to respond to the allegation set forth in this letter,. Please direct your response to the undersigned.

Sincerely yours,

John Murray

Representative of the Secretary of Labor

[bookstoreadbtr]

American History Series is a Children's Book Series. Each book includes American inventors and innovators who have contributed to American history and it's culture. The series is written and illustrated by Casey Bell.

childrensbooks #elementarybooks #elementaryteachers #historyteachers #teachers #parents #booksforchildren #childrensbookauthor

[on-this-day-history-facts]

On this day 202 years ago, Joseph Marion Hernández became the first Hispanic to serve in the U.S. Congress.

[sleepynegress]

This is what she looked like:

(source is linked in the photo, note: is in Spanish)

So-…. this page has been quite dead for the past two years. But well ! I had a pretty good reason ! I just graduated from Gobelins in Paris and did this movie with a wholesome teammate named Rose Gallerand (@truite_wasabi on instagram) !

The real story of a young lady from Costa Rica, Pacifica Zelaya, who went to study in Belgium at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels in 1905. Unfortunately, there, she met Edouard Mailly, another student who would become her fiancé. Our movie tells the story of a relationship, a concert and her last evening.

insta : @azy_arty

(and you got subtitles in english on youtube !)

In addition…

Keep reading

[coloradomartini]

The California Spanish Dynasty Still Kicking

This is the story of a prominent California family that helped pioneer the Spanish territory of Alta California (California), brought California into statehood, have cities named for them, and pioneered the wine business in California. Not only is one of

This is the story of a prominent California family that helped pioneer the Spanish territory of Alta California (California), brought California into statehood, have cities named for them, and pioneered the wine business in California. Not only is one of them considered the father of California wine growing. But his father-in-law started the wine town of Sonoma, California. This is the story of…

[blueiscoool]

A Major Tomb With Gold and Ceramic Artifacts Discovered in Panama

In an archaeological find in the El Caño Archaeological Park, located in the district of Natá, province of Coclé, in Panama, a tomb has been discovered that sheds light on the sophisticated Coclé society of pre-Hispanic times.

The tomb thought to belong to a Coclé lord and dating back to 750 CE, was found to contain a wealth of funerary offerings, including ceramic and gold artifacts.

The El Caño Archaeological Park is well-known for its necropolis of tombs and stone monoliths that date back to 700–1000 CE. American explorer Hyatt Verrill first realized the importance of the site in 1925 when he discovered ancient monoliths beside the Rio Grande River.

Linette Montenegro, National Heritage Director of the Ministry of Culture (MiCultura), explained that this discovery is part of the ongoing archeological project in the park.

The project, started in 2022 and financed through a cooperation agreement between the Ministry of Culture and the El Caño Foundation, aims to thoroughly explore Tomb No. 9 during the 2021-2024 campaigns.

The tomb’s contents, consisting of 5 pectorals, 2 belts of gold beads, 4 bracelets, 2 earrings in the shape of human figures, an earring in the shape of a double crocodile, 1 necklace of circular beads, two bells, bracelets, and a skirt made with dog teeth, and a set of bone flutes, is testimony to the cultural and social wealth of the Coclé society.

Dr. Julia Mayo, director of the El Caño Foundation and leader of the archaeological project since its inception in 2008, highlighted the importance of this discovery.

The collection, which probably belonged to a high-status adult male, represents a window into life and death in the Rio Grande chiefdom. The tomb, built around 750 A.D., is especially intriguing due to the presence of sacrificial attendants buried alongside the lord, indicating multiple and simultaneous burial practices.

Dr. Mayo noted that the excavation process is ongoing, making it difficult to determine the exact number of individuals buried within the tomb. She said that this type of burial, known for burying a variable number of people in the same tomb, provides valuable information about the beliefs and funerary rituals of the Cocle society.

Dr. Mayo explained that the Coclé lord was buried in a face-down position, a customary practice in this culture, often atop the remains of a woman.

El Caño Archaeological Park, built around 700 A.D. and abandoned around 1000 A.D., has yielded significant archaeological discoveries. In addition to the known monoliths, the site includes a cemetery and a ceremonial area with wooden structures. This discovery stands out for its uniqueness and the insight it provides into Cocle society’s funerary practices.

By Oguz Buyukyildirim.

[redvellz]

This is genuinely one of the worst takes I seen in my fucking life

As a Hispanic this genuinely pissed me off so much like wdym “this was the best part of the game🤓”

you do realize that this game has its own characters and story that focus on people of color and how they struggle with the unfair justice system and America right😃

Honestly what they said felt like a “fuck you POC and idc about your issues and struggles” 

Racism is still very much a thing to this day heck I live in a area where it’s kinda normal to see that one flag that was used in the civil war in people homes or even in stores (I don’t think I can say the flag on here 😓)

So when you are saying this it genuinely makes me think that you genuinely don’t care how POC struggle and probably might me think that you are a racist

[yourdailyqueer]

Ociel Baena (deceased)

Gender: Non binary (they/them)

Sexuality: Queer

DOB: 9 December 1984 

RIP: 13 November 2023

Ethnicity: Mexican

Occupation: Politician, activist, electoral magistrate

Note: First non-binary magistrate in Latin American history

[safije]

Oldest Spanish - Chinese dictionary found in University of Santo Thomas, Philippines. This 400 year old dictionary called “Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum” translated Spanish to Mandarin as well as Hokkien, a language from China's southern Fujian Province and spoken by many Chinese Filipinos.

[whitesinhistory]

Debbie Mucarsel-Powell is running for U.S. Senate in Florida to defeat Rick Scott.

[lionofchaeronea]

Morning News, Francis Luis Mora, 1912

[artthatgivesmefeelings]

Alonso Sánchez Coello (Spanish, 1531-1588) The Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia, Detail, 1579 Isabella (1566-1633) was the daughter of Philip II of Spain by his third wife, Elisabeth of Valois. Isabella was around the age of thirteen at the time this was painted. In 1599 she married Albrecht of Austria and took over the regency of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her father. Philip was close to both of his daughters, in particular to Isabella who was not married off young unlike the traditional custom with princesses.

[collectionstilllife]

Celebrating Hispanic Heritage Month

José Reyes Meza (Mexican, 1924–2011) • Watermelons with Fruit Bowl • 1954

[nickysfacts]

Acrylic nails are and will always be a beautiful example of latino and black femininity!

💅🏼💜💅🏿