#Episode 1204

[whencyclopedia]

Children's Crusade

The so-called Children's Crusade of 1212 CE, was a popular, double religious movement led by a French youth, Stephen of Cloyes, and a German boy, Nicholas of Cologne, who gathered two armies of perhaps 20,000 children, adolescents, and adults with the hopelessly optimistic objective of bettering the failures of the professional Crusader armies and capturing Jerusalem for Christendom. Travelling across Europe, the would-be Crusaders perhaps reached Genoa but had no funds to pay for their passage to the Levant. While some participants simply returned home, a large number were sold into slavery, according to the legend. Whatever the exact events of the confused history of the 'Children's Crusade', the episode illustrates that there was a popular sympathy for the Crusade movement amongst the common people and it was not just nobles and knights who felt compelled to take the cross and defend Christians and their sacred places in the Holy Land during the Middle Ages.

Objective Jerusalem

Saladin, the Muslim Sultan of Egypt and Syria (r. 1174-1193 CE), had shocked the Christian world when he captured Jerusalem in 1187 CE. Despite the failure of the Third Crusade (1187-1192 CE) to then even get in touching distance of Jerusalem, and the even more dismal Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 CE), which had instead attacked Constantinople, there were still many Christians in the west eager to travel to the Holy Land and help in the task of retaking Jerusalem. There was perhaps, too, a frustration among the ordinary populace that despite the taxes they were asked to bear and the sacrifices in materials and supplies to repeatedly furnish Crusader armies, the primary objective of retaking the Holy City had still not been achieved. In 1212 CE a curious movement sprang up which has since gained legendary status. Thousands of children were organised into an 'army', and they set out for the Middle East thinking that they could do a whole lot better than the adults in defeating the Muslim infidels.

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[muppet-facts]

Muppet Fact #1204

Ernie once cleaned his and Bert's apartment in 15 seconds.

Source:

Sesame Street. Episode 0033. December 24, 1969.

[evilelitest2]

Russian-Ukraine War Part 4: The Birth of Russia

So Russia is big. It's like one of their defining traits, vodka, art, brutality, colonialism, communism, and being massive.  But did you know that once Russia was once…not so big?  Let's do some history.

So the Mongolian Empire was a brutal genocidal engine of conquest but if you survived the initial invasion, it wasn’t so bad by the standard of brutal imperialists, the Mongols were big on religious tolerance, cultural integration and above all trade.  So the Russians found themselves suddenly connected to Central and East Asia through their Mongol overlords, and Russia for the first time in Russian history, it is as connected to East Asia as it is to Europe.  

The Mongolian Empire was great at conquest but struggled a lot with the ruling, and it probably won’t surprise you that it broke into 4 smaller states shortly after the death of Genghis Khan, located in the Middle East, China, Mongolia and Russia Respectively.  The one that concerns us is the Golden Hoard, the Russian based Mongolian state, who were called “Tatars” by the locals. 

The Golden Hoard wasn’t an Empire that spent most of their time breathing down your neck and setting major policies in their capital, instead they ruled indirectly via tributary states.  They would basically allow your kingdom to exist and kinda do its own thing as long as you paid your taxes, and one special boy kingdom was allowed the honor of collecting the taxes.  The special boy of our story is the Grand Duchy of Moscow, which will overtime be upgraded to the Principality of Moscow, to the Grand Principality of Moscow as they steadily get more and more powerful, using the privileges they got as the Mongol’s special boys to eventually grow their military and economy. 

Eventually they were able to push back the Mongols (assisted by the Golden Hordes constant civil wars), and by the time of Ivan the III aka Ivan the Great, the state was independent and a massive nation. Ivan III is kinda seen as the first independent Ruler of Russia, where Russia exists in its own right and not just as a Mongolian Tributary state.   Ivan’s grandson, Ivan the IV, aka Ivan the Vasilyevich, aka Ivan Grozny, aka Ivan the Terrible eventually decided that the Title of Grand Prince wasn’t quite good enough and so it was he who formally turned the state into an Empire, giving himself the title of Tsar, after brutally conquering all the people around him.  And so the Russian Empire was born between Ivan the Great and Ivan the Terrible, go figure.

(Ivan the Terrible, Very stable man)

So Ok, Russia is an independent Empire, but under Ivan the IV it becomes more than that, it becomes the Orthodox State.   Let me walk back a bit.  Christianity first super huge split was in 1054, where the Eastern Greek Speaking Orthodox Church broke apart from the Western Latin Speaking Roman Catholic Church.  The Catholics have the Pope, who manage to establish himself as a religious power greater than even Kings, while the east had the Patriarch, whose power was limited by the Emperor?  What Emperor you say?  Well time to talk about the Byzantine Emperor 

Patriarch (left) Pope (right)

So the Byzantines are the dominant supreme cultural power of the East right?  Well by the time of the Mongols, not so much.  The great city of Constantinople was sacked in 1204 by the 4th Crusade, in one of the greatest own goals in history, and the Empire was in a state of decline ever since.  And I mean actual decline, not Edward Gibbon (your decline is almost a thousand years) decline, which was pretty upsetting for the Rus, the other great Orthodox power (Ok I see you Bulgaria and Romania, you’ll get your own episodes another time calm down), and as Byzantine declined, Muscovy keep taking on more and more of the role as “big Orthodox power of the east”.  But the striking blow came when Constantinople fell in 1453 to the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed the II aka Mehmed the Conqueror, bringing a final end to the Byzantine empire…ok there were a few splinter states but Mehmet gets them 20 years later so once and for all Byzantines are gone.

(Mehmet II preparing to destroy Byzantinium)

SO I cannot empathizes enough how much of a blow this is to the Orthidox World. The Byzantine Empire was THE Orthidox power for over a thousand years, it was the center of the Orthidox world.Consantinople had been the center of the Orthodox church since Constantine himself, it's like Rome turning Muslim or Mecca Christian, like this is a theological crisis.  However, the Grand Principality of Moscow was eager to take on the role of center of the Orthodox Church, and Ivan the Great started to call Moscow “The Third Rome” to succeed the Byzantines as the Byzantines had “succeed” the Romans (despite being Roman…look i never said it is smart).  This is why Russia’s coat of Arms is the two headed eagle of the Byzantines.  His grandson Ivan Grozny unified the Principality into a strong centralized autocratic state through the power of brutal oppression and secret police, creating the Russian Empire.  Later the Patriarch would relocate there, effectively the closest thing to the head of the Orthodox church, making Moscow the new center of the Orthodox faith.

As the "Third Rome" Russia wasn't just an Empire, it had a divine mandate to take territory and spread the Orthidox Faith. The notion of this Russian style Manifest Destiny is going to come up again in this series, and it has never completely left the Russian National identiy.

Ivan took the title of Tsar which means Caesar as in Emperor.  As an Empire rather than a Principality, the “Divine Mandate” of Russia became to serve as the protector of the Orthodox Church, to reunify the old Kievan Rus, and restore Constantinople.  Like most empires, including the Mongol, the Russian Empire is based on the notion that they have a divine right to rule over everybody else. This dream was put aside for the Time of Troubles, a civil war so horrific that it makes Game of Thrones look peaceful, but after that confusion Russia was ready to go (this is where the Royal family goes from Ruik to Romanov) This is not going to be an extensive look at all of Tsarist Russia, just the stuff which I think is important to understand for Ukraine.  Colonization, the Tsar and Serfdom.

[jarviskingston]

🏀⛹🏿⛹🏿‍♂️

[ao3feed-piltovers-finest]

You were always there, huh?

by vpmyipancruzssher

The 2 girls lay on the wealthy girls mattress, in her big bedroom. Reminiscing old memories and discovering new ones… cough the 1st episode shenanigans.

Words: 1204, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English

Fandoms: Arcane: League of Legends (Cartoon 2021)

Rating: Not Rated

Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply

Categories: F/F

Characters: Caitlyn (League of Legends), Vi (League of Legends)

Relationships: Caitlyn/Vi (League of Legends)

Additional Tags: Fluff, Drunken Confessions, Old memories

Read on A03. from AO3 works tagged ‘Caitlyn/Vi (League of Legends)’

[xavierbautistagarcia]

The last Catharism fortress

The castle of Montsegur, located on the Occitan side of the Pyrenees, is an emblematic fortress linked to the history of the Cathars and the papal crusade against the Albigensians. Its origins date back to well before the 12th century, due to its strategic position on a rocky hilltop.

This castle, probably rebuilt from 1204 onwards by Raimon de Perelha, of the lineage of the lords of Mirapeis, became a refuge and spiritual centre for the Cathars, a religious community declared heretical by the Catholic Church for its dualist beliefs and its opposition to papal authority.

Montsegur's most significant moment came during the Crusade against the Albigensians (1209-1229), a military campaign led by the French monarchy and the Inquisition to eradicate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc. After the Cathar defeat in several Occitan regions, Montsegur was consolidated as the last Cathar stronghold.

Between 1243 and 1244, the castle was besieged by French royal troops in a long siege that ended with the surrender of the defenders in March 1244. Some 200 Cathars who refused to abjure their faith were burnt at the stake in a meadow at the foot of the mountain, a tragic episode that gave its name to what is known as the Camp dels cremats (field of the burnt).

After the fall of the Cathars, the castle was rebuilt and adapted to the military needs of the time, serving as a border fortress between France and the Catalan territories of the Crown of Aragon. During the 13th and 14th centuries, the fortification played an important role in the border tensions between the two kingdoms, especially before the Treaty of Corbeil (1258), which established the border lines between the two crowns.

Subsequently, Montsegur lost its military importance as the frontier was consolidated and warfare technology evolved. Over the following centuries, the castle fell into disuse and decay, becoming a ruin.

In modern times, Montsegur has become a symbol of the spiritual and cultural resistance of the Cathars and a tourist and historical destination. Today, the castle is a protected site, listed as a historical monument in France since 1862, and continues to fascinate for its role in one of the most dramatic periods of medieval European history.

[gforcedrew]

📹

#ArminvanBuuren

#AStateOfTrance Episode 1204 w/ #RubenDeRonde & #FerryCorsten

Top 50 of 2024

youtu.be/rxYCkhOUj08

Ⓜ️

#ASOT1204

https://www.mixcloud.com/ArminvanBuuren/a-state-of-trance-episode-1204-top-50-of-2024-special-armin-van-buuren/

📋

#ASOT Ep. 1204

topdjmixes.com/a-state-of-trance-1204-top-50-of-2024/

https://topdjmixes.com/a-state-of-trance-1204-top-50-of-2024/

📹

#ArmadaMusic

Korolova, Eynka, Signum feat. Scott Mac - Coming On Strong (Official Lyric Video)

youtu.be/1Qw6zjLwQPU

💽

A State of Trance Year Mix 2024

asot.lnk.to/YearMix2024

[portablefrailty]

The Swan Song - by Portable Frailty

Inspired by events said to have transpired after the armies of the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204, In one of the most shameful episodes of European history, soldiers of the conquering Latin armies are said to have ensconced a drunken prostitute on the Patriarch's throne in the Hagia Sophia. There, according to legend she either held a mock mass or gave a drunken song and dance routine. The Venetians who took part in the sack, themselves historic and cultural heirs of the Byzantines, are said to have behaved better but did not refrain from looting Constantinople's cultural, religious and artistic heritage (much of which remains in the treasury of St. Mark's Basilica to this day).

I came across the story of the 4th Crusade when I lived in Istanbul for three years. Like anyone, I was always awed by the magnificence of surviving Byzantine treasures like Hagia Sophia despite the ravages of the 1204 sack. Nevertheless, I took personally the desecration visited on my adopted city--I still do. The treachery of fellow-Christians in the 1200s broke Byzantine power and made inevitable the Turkish sack in 1453 (which was far more restrained by comparison).

Thus, in this image I have sought to popularize and capture the spirit of this unjust defilement--a warning that no treasure of human making, no matter how beautiful or revered, is safe when people abandon wisdom and restraint for greed, malice and ignorance.

[epitome-the-burnkid-viii]

🎱 Welcome to the #youtuberecommendedchronicles🔮 Come find my podcasts #SupplementalBroadcast & #PanPanenPiousPropheticPonderings on YouTube & Rumble! New episodes posted regularly!!!🧩 #CurrentEvents #Spirituality #Eschatology #Knowledge #TheGreatAwakening 🙏

[ganeshmumbai]

▶️ Watch this video

[ardenrosegarden]

Braose, descendant of a family with more than a century of Marcher history and experience, already held the lordships of Brecon, Builth, Radnor and Abergavenny and had annexed Elfael by 1195. His elder son had custody of Monmouth until 1205 and another, Giles, became bishop of Hereford in 1200. William, sheriff of "Herefordshire in Wales" in 1199 was truly an earl of March' manqué and his subsequent career almost reads like a sub-text of John's reign. The Marshal, seised de uxore of Striguil and Usk in 1189, was only episodically a major force in the March and the same is even truer of Earl Ranulf of Chester. This has not prevented historians from regarding Ranulf as part of John's balancing act in the March as he sought an equilibrium between the three major interests of Chester, Braose and the Marshal (as if a revival of the earlier tinity of Avranches, Montgomery and Fitz Osbern!). Earl Ranulf assuredly had a vulnerable frontier against Gwynedd yet the twelfth-century earls of Chester were, in so far as Wales was concerned, "dogs that did not bark in the night". Ranulf may have sought to protect his flank by making overtures to Gwenwynwyn of Powys in 1204 and by building castles at Deganwy and Holywell in 1210 but his political ambitions and horizons lay elsewhere - in Richmondshire and the Midlands. It is arguable that a more robust stance on his western frontier by Earl Ranulf after 1199, when Mold was lost, may have deterred Llywelyn, but he had significant other priorities. As to the rest of the triumvirate the further promotion of Braose in the Middle March was likely prompted by the menace of Gwenwynwyn while the claim of Marshal upon Pembroke would have been difficult to resist. Other Marchers or frontier lords such as Clifford, Monmouth, Lacy, Mortimer and fitz Alan carried weight, as it were, as leaders of Welsh levies and as an affinity. In turn bullied and seduced by John, the first four became active royal partisans in 1215-16, calculating that by then they had more to fear from the Welsh than from the Crown.

-Ifor W. Rowlands, King John and Wales

[ao3feed-destiel-02]

the winchester apocryhpa

read it on AO3 at https://ift.tt/q0sXWM4 by lecornergirl There is a part of him that wonders if maybe the siren knew something he won’t let himself see, Chuck had written, and Dean knows the thought was plucked directly from his mind. The events of the past few days had proven that, as had Castiel’s words about the prophet. As he has seen it, so it shall come to pass. Dean has run from a lot of things in his life. He’s just not sure he knows how to run from the words of a prophet.   OR: dean grabs an unpublished manuscript from chuck's house, and reads about himself having gay thoughts Words: 1204, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English Fandoms: Supernatural (TV 2005) Rating: Mature Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply Categories: M/M Characters: Dean Winchester, Castiel (Supernatural) Relationships: Castiel/Dean Winchester Additional Tags: dean has gay thoughts, some of them are about castiel, Episode: s04e18 The Monster at the End of This Book (Supernatural), Episode: s05e03 Free to Be You and Me (Supernatural), Internalised Homophobia, Character Study read it on AO3 at https://ift.tt/q0sXWM4

[jarviskingston]

🌏🌍🌎

[nakageno-frame]

Day 1314 since Chapter 48 release

Naka no Hito Genome Episode 1 Frame 1204