#Edward Hungerford

[fuzzysparrow]

Farleigh Hungerford Castle

Farleigh Hungerford Castle is a medieval fortress located in Somerset, England. The castle was built in two stages, starting in 1377 by Sir Thomas Hungerford (d. 1397), who amassed his wealth as John of Gaunt’s (1340-99) steward and speaker of the House of Commons. Sir Thomas’s son, Sir Walter Hungerford (1378-1449), expanded the castle until he died in 1449. Despite periods of the castle held by…

[wahwealth]

🦖The Lost World | Complete Original Silent Movie (1925) Film Classic

The Lost World is a 1925 American silent fantasy giant monster adventure film directed by Harry O. Hoyt and written by Marion Fairfax, adapted from Arthur Conan Doyle's 1912 novel of the same name. Produced and distributed by First National Pictures, a major Hollywood studio at the time, the film stars Wallace Beery as Professor Challenger and features pioneering stop motion special effects by Willis O'Brien, a forerunner of his work on King Kong (1933). Doyle appears in a frontispiece to the film, absent from some extant prints. In 1998, The Lost World was deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle as himself (appears in a frontispiece to the film, missing from some prints) Bessie Love as Paula White Lewis Stone as Sir John Roxton Lloyd Hughes as Edward Malone Wallace Beery as Professor Challenger Arthur Hoyt as Professor Summerlee Alma Bennett as Gladys Hungerford Virginia Brown Faire as Marquette the half-caste girl (uncredited) Bull Montana as Apeman/Gomez Francis Finch-Smiles as Austin Jules Cowles as Zambo Margaret McWade as Mrs. Challenger George Bunny as Colin McArdle Charles Wellesley as Major Hibbard Nelson MacDowell as Attorney (uncredited) Chrispin Martin as Bearer/Cannibal (scenes deleted) Jocko the monkey as himself You are invited to join the channel so that Mr. P can notify you when new videos are uploaded, https://www.youtube.com/@nrpsmovieclassics

[richmond-rex]

I think it's a really juicy detail because it may point to Elizabeth's scheming at a time historians traditionally think she was passively accepting her uncle's regime or simply waiting for Henry Tudor to show up. I think the annotations she did on the books she received at that time (Boethius's Consolation and Roman of Trystan) should also be analysed under that light.

In one book she wrote Richard III's motto, 'Loyaulté me lie'. In the other book she wrote a line that closely resembles the Stanley family motto, 'Sans removyr'. Interestingly, around ten years later a family servant of the Stanleys would write a ballad where Elizabeth conspired quite closely with Thomas Stanley to bring Henry Tudor to England. Now what would Elizabeth do if she wanted to appear loyal to her uncle to hide the fact that she was in communication with those conspiring against him?

There is another woman who wrote 'Loyaulté me lie' in her book: that was Mary Hastings (née Hungerford), the wife of the son of William Hastings, Edward IV's Lord Chamberllain who Richard executed without a trial for allegedly conspiring against him. Hastings' widow, Katherine Neville, pleaded with Richard (her own cousin) so that Hastings would not be attainted and his estates would not be confiscated — meaning, they would be able available for Hastings' son to inherit them. Richard promised 'his well-beloved cousin' so, yet his friend, Francis Lovell, claimed Hastings' Beaumont estates and a handfull of his manors.

Katherine Neville would have to negotiate ($$) with Francis Lovell to have those lands back. Her son Edward later recalled ‘the great trouble, pains, heaviness, and labour that the said lady his mother had with him in his bringing up, and specially since the decease of his said lord and father'. Edward's wife, Mary, who wrote 'Loyaulté me lie' in her book, probably shared the same material and political uncertainties of the husband she had married when she was just eight years old. Tellingly, after writing down Richard's motto, Mary also wrote: 'God help me'. The full note reads:

loyallte me ley Mary Hastyngs Hungreford [her name] bottreaux mollens and Mulles [her title] god help me

When — and why — did Mary Hastings ask God to help her and wrote down Richard III's motto?

There are many ways of interpretating what noblewomen wrote down — and in Elizabeth's case, also erased from — their books. Mary Hastings' addition certainly helps to clarify the ambiguity of finding Richard III's motto in her book, so we shouldn't be so quick to dismiss Elizabeth's writings and/or take them at their word. As queen, Italian visitors described her as possessing 'gran inzegno' (cleverness) and ability. Elizabeth was much more complex than the airheaded lovesick teenager historians assume she was during those years and it's time we keep that in mind.

I swear I remember reading that allegedly before they were married, Elizabeth had written Henry's name in a book of hours, apparently on the same flyleaf where the signature 'Elizabeth Plantagenet' can be found, but had tried to erase it. Have you heard anything about this?

Hi! Unfortunately, I can't confirm that information because it's not available online nor currently in exhibition anywhere. It's this book of hours bearing the signature 'Elizabeth Plantagenet' the one wich allegedly contains the traces of what was once written as 'Henry'. Two things we can imply: that it belonged to Elizabeth when she was legally bastardised, and that someone tried to erase Henry's name, but we don't know if that someone was Elizabeth herself hiding her allegiance or someone else.

[stonelord1]

Elizabeth Woodville's Wiltshire Retreat

Elizabeth Woodville’s Wiltshire Retreat

Elizabeth Woodville left sanctuary with her daughters on March 1, 1484, after Richard III swore a public oath that she and her daughters would be unharmed and that he would find the girls suitable matches. But where did she go then? Her daughters were, at least part time, welcome at court, but ‘Dame Grey’ as she now was known, was not. We know that once she vacated the Westminster Sanctuary…

[seattlemysterybooks]

philsp

February 1, 1930 issue

cover art by John A. Coughlin

Ernest M. Poate, “Double Dummy"  

Paul Ellsworth Triem, “Fugitive Finger Prints" (John Doe)    

Herman Landon, “Picaroon’s Iron Band” (Part 2 of 3; Martin Dale/The Picaroon)

Albert William Stone, “Twenty Years Behind"    

Perry Carter, “Three Fools" 

James Edward Hungerford, “An Awful Truth"   

Donald Van Riper, “Weapon Unfound"

Seattle Mystery Bookshop 

[londiniumlundene]

Lost London: Hungerford Market

In 1669 Hungerford Inn, the townhouse of the Hungerford family, burned down. Sir Edward Hungerford obtained permission to hold a market within the burned-out shell, converting the remains of the building into shops and a covered piazza. The venture did not go well, so Sir Edward decided to start selling off parts of the market, with buyers including politician Sir Stephen Fox, and architect Sir Christopher Wren. The market continued to perform poorly – by some accounts, it regarded as a more of a nuisance than a convenience. It was eventually purchased by the newly formed Hungerford Market company in 1830.

The dilapidated old market was demolished, and the company acquired enough adjoining land and property to build a new market, stretching from the Thames towards the Strand. Of Italianate design, it was divided into three sections. At its northernmost end, an open court housed butchers’ shops, whilst the middle section of the market was a great hall, where fruits and vegetables were sold; both of these sections sat above storage vaults. The last section, the fish market, was at a lower level, and located closest to the river to enable an easy supply of fresh fish.

The new market opened in 1832; a suspension bridge was built in 1845 by Isambard Kingdom Brunel to connect the market to Lambeth on the south bank. In 1851, Hungerford Hall, a venue for lectures, opened next door; the same year also saw the arrival of ice-cream entrepreneur Carlo Gatti at the market, one of the earliest times ice cream was made available to the general public.

Despite its central location and variety of sellers, Hungerford Market struggled to compete against the more specialised markets of Covent Garden and Billingsgate. When Hungerford Hall burned down in 1854, the market was badly damaged, and it was subsequently sold to the South Eastern Railway in 1862, who promptly levelled the site to make way for Charing Cross railway station. Brunel’s bridge was also demolished, and replaced with the Hungerford Railway Bridge (now flanked by the Golden Jubilee bridges), its name the last trace of the lost market.

[tiaramania]

TIARA ALERT: The Hon. Lara Bamfylde wore a diamond tiara at her wedding to Captain Edward Comyn at St. Lawrence Church in Hungerford, United Kingdom on 18 September 2021.

[dailytudors]

TUDOR EXTENDED FAMILY: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury

The Birth of Margaret Pole nee Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury.

Margaret Pole was born at Farleigh Hungerford Castle in Bath on the 14th of August in 1473. Her parents were the Duke and Duchess of Clarence, George Plantagenet and Isabel Neville. She was born at Farley Castle in Bath. She was the only one of their offspring to reach old age. Her brother was executed during Henry VII's reign after being involved in a plot with Perkin Warbeck in 1499. Her mother died in childbirth and her father not long after, charged with treason and reputedly died in a malmsey of wine.

Margaret and the Spanish Infanta forged a strong friendship that hugely benefited the Poles when Katherine of Aragon became Queen of England. As a reward for her friendship, Margaret was awarded the Earldom of Salisbury, which turned her into a Countess in her own right. In 1538 however, she and several members of her family were implicated in the Exeter plot and three years later she was executed in one of the most gruesome executions in Tudor history. As Lady Mary Tudor’s governess, the Countess influenced her in more ways than one and the former Princess never forgot about her and neither did she. During her execution, Margaret’s last words were about the King, his son (Prince Edward) and of course, her former charge the Lady Mary.

[ccss10987]

Found a time line! I originally wrote a bunch of things out, but it was super unorganized. The website also lists out other interesting things if you’re willing to read it.

the website - https://thehauntedshanleyhotel.com/our-history/

1845 - Thomas Ritch built a new hotel called Ritch's Hotel, but later renames it as the Mansion House.

1851 - The hotel's name is changed to Hungerford's Hotel, after being bought by F. G. Hungerford.

1858 - In April, Hungerford sells the hotel to John Tonkin.

1866 - John Tonkin sells the hotel to A. J. Wood and it becomes the Topatcoke House.

1871 - In May, Wood sells the hotel to Aaron Schoonmaker and it becomes the Napanoch Hotel.

1872 - Schoonmaker sells to Eli Dewitt Terwiliger.

1876 - October 31st James Louis Shanley is born.

1877 - Terwiliger sells the hotel to Civil War veterans, William Easman and his two brothers, Charles & Peter.

1884 - The Easman brothers sell to Frederick B. Bridgens.

1887 - Adolf Wagner purchases the hotel.

1895 - March 18th the hotel burns down to its foundation, after a nearby house catches fire and spreads.

1895 - by September a new building frame is erected.

1895 - In November the hotel reopens for business as the Colonial Hotel.

1898 - Wagner sells to Mary Roos and they change the name of the hotel back to the Hotel Napanoch.

1900 - US Federal Census shows George Gosselin as the owner.

1902 - Allen H. Hazen is born.

1906 - James Louis Shanley purchases the Colonial Hotel for $10,000.

1907 - Charles Byrnes fell from a window, but survived.

1908 - A new addition is built for the hotel, including a bowling alley, barbershop, billiard room, and second floor apartments.

1910 - A barbershop opens with a barber named Peter Greger from Brooklyn NY.

1910 - April 26th James and Beatrice are married in the hotel.

1911 - July 18th Kathleen Shanley is born to James and Beatrice.

1911 - ON May 26th the barber's daughter, Jeanette Roseanne "Rosie" Greger, drowns in the well of the Hoornbeek Farm across the street from the hotel.

1912 - On January 6th, Kathleen Shanley dies at the age of 5 months and 24 days.

1913 - On September 10th James Shanley Jr. is born. By this time the hotel's name would soon be changed to Shanley's Hotel.

1914 - On January 21st James Shanley Jr. dies at the age of 4 months and 11 days old.

1915 - Dr. Walter Nelson Thayer, Jr. accidently ran over his 5 year old son, Walter Nelson Thayer III, after the boy climed onto the running board as the car was backing out of the alley between the hotel and the doctor's home. The boy sustained severe head injuries but did not die from the accident.

1916 - January 30th William Shanley is born to James and Beatrice.

1916 - In February there is a fire in the ice house and a new auto fire truck is credited with saving the hotel from destruction.

1916 - On November 9th, William Shanley dies at the age of 9 months and 10 days old.

1920s - The hotel operates as a speak-easy with bootleg liquor being hidden away in a secret basement room under the bar.

1932 - The hotel is raided for booze during the Prohibition Era.

1933 - James and Beatrice attends the Inaugural Ball at Washington DC

1933 - On August 3rd future first lady, Eleanor Roosevelt, is a guest at the hotel.

1937 - August 26th James Louis Shanley dies.

1941 - April 13th there is a fire at the hotel due to a faulty chimney.

1944 - Beatrice sells the hotel to Allen H. Hazen

1961 - November 27th Beatrice Shanley dies.

1967 - Nelson F. Waters purchases the hotel from Al.

1971 - August 26th Allen H. Hazen dies.

1973 - G. Edward Trumbull purchases the hotel.

1991 - The hotel closes down.

2005 - Salvatore Nicosia purchases the hotel and discovers it is home to several spirits.

2007 - The Shanley Hotel is reopened.

2016 - July 5th Salvatore Nicoscia passes away.

2017 - In December, the hotel was condemned and closed after a time of mixed reviews and poor management.

2018 - The hotel is reopened under new management

[candlelit-hotel-rooms-blog]

Yes, Victoria. The unerclassman whom used to pick your hair off the back of your shirt, or tuck in the tag between passing periods. Remember those days....

You know you'll let me visit your trailer park, but....now when are you headed home EXACTLY? Call Kelly Green and live by her. She is my age, but more...your type of lifestyle.

A three bedroom...like my granparents...double wide. They cannot really afford it, but....let them. The bill will get paid, but....the price isn't always money.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.19

295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. 43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later known as Augustus, compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. 947 – Abu Yazid, a Kharijite rebel leader, is defeated and killed in the Hodna Mountains in modern-day Algeria by Fatimid forces. 1153 – Baldwin III of Jerusalem takes control of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from his mother Melisende, and also captures Ascalon. 1458 – Pope Pius II becomes the 211th Pope. 1504 – In Ireland, the Hiberno-Norman de Burghs (Burkes) and Anglo-Norman Fitzgeralds fight in the Battle of Knockdoe. 1561 – Mary, Queen of Scots, who was 18 years old, returns to Scotland after spending 13 years in France. 1612 – The "Samlesbury witches", three women from the Lancashire village of Samlesbury, England, are put on trial, accused of practicing witchcraft, one of the most famous witch trials in British history. 1666 – Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire". 1692 – Salem witch trials: In Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft. 1745 – Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan: The start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45". 1745 – Ottoman–Persian War: In the Battle of Kars, the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by Nader Shah. 1759 – Battle of Lagos Naval battle during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France. 1772 – Gustav III of Sweden stages a coup d'état, in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the Riksdag and the King. 1782 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown. 1812 – War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution defeats the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides". 1813 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's Second Triumvirate. 1839 – The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift "free to the world". 1848 – California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January). 1854 – The First Sioux War begins when United States Army soldiers kill Lakota chief Conquering Bear and in return are massacred. 1861 – First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps. 1862 – American Indian Wars: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way. 1909 – The Indianapolis Motor Speedway opens for automobile racing. Wilfred Bourque and his mechanic are killed during the first day's events. 1920 – The Tambov Rebellion breaks out, in response to the Bolshevik policy of Prodrazvyorstka. 1927 – Patriarch Sergius of Moscow proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Soviet Union. 1934 – The first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio. 1934 – The German referendum of 1934 approves Hitler's appointment as head of state with the title of Führer. 1936 – The Great Purge of the Soviet Union begins when the first of the Moscow Trials is convened. 1940 – First flight of the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber. 1941 – Germany and Romania sign the Tiraspol Agreement, rendering the region of Transnistria under control of the latter. 1942 – World War II: Operation Jubilee: The 2nd Canadian Infantry Division leads an amphibious assault by allied forces on Dieppe, France and fails, many Canadians are killed or captured. The operation was intended to develop and try new amphibious landing tactics for the coming full invasion in Normandy. 1944 – World War II: Liberation of Paris: Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops. 1945 – August Revolution: Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh take power in Hanoi, Vietnam. 1953 – Cold War: The CIA and MI6 help to overthrow the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. 1955 – In the Northeast United States, severe flooding caused by Hurricane Diane, claims 200 lives. 1960 – Cold War: In Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage. 1960 – Sputnik program: Korabl-Sputnik 2: The Soviet Union launches the satellite with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, two rats and a variety of plants. 1964 – Syncom 3, the first geostationary communication satellite, is launched. Two months later, it would enable live coverage of the 1964 Summer Olympics. 1965 – Japanese prime minister Eisaku Satō becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit Okinawa Prefecture. 1978 – In Iran, Cinema Rex fire caused more than 400 deaths. 1980 – Saudia Flight 163, a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar burns after making an emergency landing at King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 301 people. 1981 – Gulf of Sidra Incident: United States fighters intercept and shoot down two Libyan Sukhoi Su-22 fighter jets over the Gulf of Sidra. 1987 – Hungerford massacre: In the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with a semi-automatic rifle and then commits suicide. 1989 – Polish president Wojciech Jaruzelski nominates Solidarity activist Tadeusz Mazowiecki to be the first non-communist prime minister in 42 years. 1989 – Several hundred East Germans cross the frontier between Hungary and Austria during the Pan-European Picnic, part of the events that began the process of the Fall of the Berlin Wall. 1991 – Dissolution of the Soviet Union, August Coup: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is placed under house arrest while on holiday in the town of Foros, Ukraine. 1991 – Crown Heights riot begins. 1999 – In Belgrade, Yugoslavia, tens of thousands of Serbians rally to demand the resignation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević. 2002 – Khankala Mi-26 crash: A Russian Mil Mi-26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a Chechen missile outside Grozny, killing 118 soldiers. 2003 – A car-bomb attack on United Nations headquarters in Iraq kills the agency's top envoy Sérgio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees. 2003 – A suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem, Israel, planned by Hamas, kills 23 Israelis, seven of them children, in the Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing. 2005 – The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called Peace Mission 2005 begins. 2009 – A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others. 2010 – Operation Iraqi Freedom ends, with the last of the United States brigade combat teams crossing the border to Kuwait. 2013 – The Dhamara Ghat train accident kills at least 37 people in the Indian state of Bihar. 2017 – Tens of thousands of farmed non-native Atlantic salmon are accidentally released into the wild in Washington waters in the 2017 Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break.

[victorianwhitechapel]

Thames Mysteries of 1873 and 1874

On September 5, 1873, at 6:30 am, a galley of the Thames Police was on patrol near the Battersea Pier (at the London Borough of Wandsworth, south west London). One of the three policemen on board, Constable Richard Fane picked out of the water the left quarter of a women's trunk from the mud on the banks of the Thames river. The remains were taken to the Clapham and Wandsworth Union Workhouse, where Dr. Felix Charles Kempster, the divisional surgeon, saw it, and pronounced it to be the portion of a body which had not been in the water more than twelve hours. 

The police at once commenced a minute search of the river, but the next discovery was made by Henry Locke, a policeman in the employ of the South-Western Railway Company, who, without knowing of the previous discovery, found the right side of the trunk off Brunswick Wharf, near the Nine Elms station (North-East Battersea). This part corresponded with the first part found, and the headless trunk, it was apparent, had been severed with a very sharp knife, and a saw had also been used. Inspector Starkey of the Thames Police take custody of these remains. Soon after a portion of the lungs was found by Inspector Charles Marley, of the Thames Police, under an arch of old Battersea bridge, and the other part near the Battersea railway pier.  The search was now continued for the other parts of the body, and on September 6 the face, with the scalp of a woman attached, was found by PC John Parker off Limehouse (London Borough of Tower Hamlets, East London). It was evident at a glance that the murderer or murderers had taken revolting precautions to prevent identification, for the nose was cut from the face, but still hung attached to the upper lip. There was the mark of a bruise on the right temple, evidently caused by a blunt instrument, and this blow, it is thought, was the cause of death. On September 9 two more portions of the same body were found, the right thigh being picked up in the river off Woolwich (Royal Borough of Greenwich, south-east London), and the right shoulder, with part of the arm, off Greenwich (Royal Borough of Greenwich, southeast London), the latter part being smeared with tar. The left foot, measuring ten inches and three-quarters in length, and ten inches across the instep, has also been picked up near the bank of the Regent's Canal, off Rotherhithe, and the right fore-arm near the Albert Embankment.  On the advice of the Acting Chief Surgeon, Metropolitan Police, Dr. Thomas Bond, the corpse was "built up" by sewing together the parts by Dr. Edward Hayden, the medical officer of the large union workhouse where it lied preserved in spirits of wine. The face was more of a challenge, as the nose and chin had been cut off, and the head had been scalped. The skin on the face of the victim was fitted "as naturally as possible" over a butcher's block. Even though this early attempt at forensic reconstruction was carried out with "ingenuity and skill," the body would only be recognizable by those "intimately acquainted with the physical characteristics of the deceased."

Dr. Kempster determined that the victim was very likely around 40 years old, stout, coarse skin, with short, thin black hair. One feature they hoped would make identification easier was s burn scar on her left breast. Dozens of people who were looking for female middle-aged family members passed through to view the body, but no one could be sure that it was who they were looking for. Anyone the police believed had reason to see the remains were first shown a photograph.

The Lancet reported that “There is very strong evidence that the woman met with a violent death, and that in the first instance severe blows were dealt on the right side of the head with some heavy, blunt instrument; but, in the absence of the skull, it is impossible to determine positively the extent of the injury. It would appear that after the victim had thus been stunned the body was immediately deprived of all its blood by a section of the carotid arteries in the neck, since there were no clots in any of the veins of the body. The tissues were, moreover, divided while they still preserved their vital contractibility, for, according to the evidence of Mr. Kempster, the muscles in the portions of the body that were first examined were fresh and retracted, so that death must have occurred within a very few hours.”

Commenting on the injuries, the Lancet reported that, "Contrary to the popular opinion, the body had not been hacked, but dexterously cut up; the joints have been opened, and the bones neatly disarticulated, even the complicated joints at the ankle and the elbow, and it is only at the articulations of the hip-joint and shoulder that the bones have been sawn through."

A further part of the body was found on September 15, a piece of the right arm, and this was picked up near Hungerford bridge.

A verdict of "Wilful murder against some person or persons unknown" was reached by the jury. The government offered a reward of 200 pounds, and a free pardon to any accomplice who could lead them to the actually murderer. No one came forward, no arrests were made, and the case remained unsolved.

By September 21st the unknown woman's remains were buried at Battersea cemetery.

~~

Very little is known about the female body found in the Thames at Putney (London Borough of Wandsworth, south-west London), not far to the west of Battersea.

The News of the World of June 14 1874 reported that the headless and limbless (except one leg) torso was conveyed to Fulham Union Workhouse. At the inquest, Dr. E.C. Barnes, surgeon, stated that the body had been divided at the spinal column, and had been decomposed in lime before being dumped into the Thames.

Despite what appeared to be an obvious murder, the jury returned an open verdict. Like the similar crime the previous year, no further evidence was presented, and both crimes become lost to history.

Gerard Spicer dissertation on Casebook

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Emma Batell Lowman dissertation at University of Leicester Website

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BELL, Neil R. A.; BOND, Trevor; CLARKE, Kate & OLDRIDGE, M.W. (2016): The A – Z of Victorian Crime.

TROW, Meirion James (2011): The Thames Torso Murders. 

WHITTINGTON-EGAN, Richard (2015): Mr Atherstone Leaves the Stage. The Battersea Murder Mystery: A Twisting and Tragic Tale of Love, Jealousy and Violence in the age of Vaudeville.

[styxorstoned-blog]

10 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Wells Fargo

I as of late stumbled upon a book written in 1949 on the historical backdrop of Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC). The book, Wells Fargo: Advancing the American Frontier by Edward Hungerford, offers an interesting perspective into the early long stretches of what is today a standout amongst the best-run banks on the planet. What pursues are 10 fascinating bits of knowledge from the book.

1. Wells Fargo wasn't a bank at first

Banking was initially of optional significance to Wells Fargo. The organization was established in 1852 to give conveyance administrations to individuals in California during the Gold Rush. Subsequent to securing different stagecoach lines, it "claimed the best organizing realm on the planet." It even bought what survived from the Pony Express, which worked between St. Joseph, Missouri and Sacramento, California for year and a half before the cross-country broadcast line rendered it out of date in 1861.

2. The Fat Cat of Montgomery Street

The high benefits and rewarding profit installments from Wells Fargo's express activities earned it the epithet: the Fat Cat of Montgomery Street - San Francisco's likeness Wall Street.

3. Enduring the Panic of 1855

The first of numerous budgetary frenzies that Wells Fargo endure occurred in 1855, when a dry spell made it difficult to dig for gold along stream beds. The frenzy caused about 200 organizations in San Francisco to fall flat, including Wells Fargo's greatest rival, Adams Express Company. "As the main real express organization enduring the accident, Wells Fargo could anticipate prosperous days ahead," composed Hungerford. Wells Fargo's budgetary position was strong to the point that it didn't suspend its profit that year.

4. The primary genuine risk to Wells Fargo

In the principal half of the 1860s, Wells Fargo gained for all intents and purposes all the stage lines from the Missouri River to California, which gave it an imposing business model on cross-country conveyance administrations. It at that point suddenly changed course in 1868. In the wake of understanding that the cross-country railroad was nearing culmination, Wells Fargo's directorate requested its leader to auction the majority of the organization's stage lines.

5. The antagonistic takeover of Wells Fargo in 1869

At the point when Wells Fargo's stock plunged because of the danger from the cross-country railroad, which was finished in 1869, a gathering of California-based financial specialists gained control of the organization. It was by then that Wells Fargo moved its home office from New York City to San Francisco. Since these equivalent financial specialists controlled the Central Pacific railroad, Wells Fargo increased restrictive express benefits on the main train that associated California toward the East Coast.

The "Bargain of Omaha," which denoted the exchange of command over Wells Fargo, rejuvenated the organization. "Considering the way that Wells Fargo was the main organization that could transport express in California on the [Central and Southern Pacific railroads] it fixed its rates high," composed Hungerford. "What's more, the benefits ... were great."

6. Burglaries and thefts

Burglaries and thefts were a noteworthy risk to Wells Fargo in its initial years. By 1884, its stagecoaches and trains had been looted multiple times, prompting the passings of 16 burglars (excluding 7 hanged by natives) and six Wells Fargo workers. The organization enlisted its own security power to battle the risk. "For a long time it had been said all through the West that there were two foundations hazardous for awful men to tinker with," said Hungerford. "One was the Federal Government and different, Wells Fargo."

7. Well Fargo's most exceedingly awful procurement

In the mid-1890s, Wells Fargo obtained Commercial National Bank, a Portland, Oregon-based bank that "experienced considerable difficulties of it in the extraordinary frenzy of 1893." While Wells Fargo was flush with capital at the time - "frenzies were not really more than episodes" to the organization, composed Hungerford - Commercial National's awful advances were more regrettable than anticipated. As Wells Fargo's leader at the time described:

I tuned in to what those individuals said and I passed on a great deal of advantages that never ought to have been passed. The reason that I made that sort of mistake was that I laid an excess of weight on their great confidence. I didn't take into consideration the way that a man of good confidence may need something of practical insight.

Wells Fargo lost its whole interest in Commercial National and in this manner sold it in 1905 to United States National Bank, which had "since a long time ago become a remarkable bank of Portland." That bank today is U.S. Bancorp.

8. The spinoff of Wells Fargo Bank in 1905

In 1901, renowned railroad lender Edward H. Harriman oversaw the Southern Pacific railroad, which, thus, possessed a generous offer of Wells Fargo stock coming from past dealings between the organizations. Harriman saw little an incentive in Wells Fargo's financial tasks, which were auxiliary to its expedited administration. He likewise chose to spinoff Wells Fargo Bank in 1905.

The bank was obtained by Isaias Hellman, leader of the Nevada Bank of San Francisco, which had $9 million in stores at the time contrasted with Wells Fargo's $6 million. "However to discard the name of Wells Fargo with all its tremendous esteem was unfathomable," composed Hungerford. The joined bank along these lines passed by the name of Wells Fargo-Nevada National Bank.

The Wells Fargo Bank of New York was sold around a similar time to the National Park Bank, which later converged into Chase National Bank - what is today JPMorgan Chase.

9. The San Francisco quake and fire in 1906

For different days after the 1906 seismic tremor and fire that pulverized seventy five percent of San Francisco, Wells Fargo worked without records of its clients' records, which were then caught in the flame resistant vault in its as yet seething base camp structure. Be that as it may, despite the fact that it paid out countless dollars to contributors dependent on their honesty, its complete misfortune from excessive charges didn't surpass $200.

10. The finish of Wells Fargo Express in 1918

Wells Fargo's expedited administration authoritatively finished in 1918. At the command of the Secretary of the Treasury, the three major express organizations in the nation were converged into the American Railway Express "in light of a legitimate concern for winning" World War I.

There was much sharpness. When the new blend had been made, the Wells Fargo signs and badge were torn down right over the land to be supplanted quickly by the signs and emblem of the American Railway Express. Wells Fargo vanished from the phone postings all over the place; the name was obviously never at any point to be murmured.

The equivalent isn't valid, obviously, of Wells Fargo's once thrown away bank. In the budgetary emergency of 2008-09, it demonstrated once more that it's one of the most secure and most judicious stewards of capital in America. As Hungerford watched six decades before the emergency, "From its beginnings almost 100 years prior down to the present, not one individual at any point lost a dollar, in property or in cash depended to the consideration of Wells Fargo."

[northernwinddds-blog]

10 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Wells Fargo

I as of late stumbled upon a book written in 1949 on the historical backdrop of Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC). The book, Wells Fargo: Advancing the American Frontier by Edward Hungerford, offers an interesting perspective into the early long stretches of what is today a standout amongst the best-run banks on the planet. What pursues are 10 fascinating bits of knowledge from the book.

1. Wells Fargo wasn't a bank at first

Banking was initially of optional significance to Wells Fargo. The organization was established in 1852 to give conveyance administrations to individuals in California during the Gold Rush. Subsequent to securing different stagecoach lines, it "claimed the best organizing realm on the planet." It even bought what survived from the Pony Express, which worked between St. Joseph, Missouri and Sacramento, California for year and a half before the cross-country broadcast line rendered it out of date in 1861.

2. The Fat Cat of Montgomery Street

The high benefits and rewarding profit installments from Wells Fargo's express activities earned it the epithet: the Fat Cat of Montgomery Street - San Francisco's likeness Wall Street.

3. Enduring the Panic of 1855

The first of numerous budgetary frenzies that Wells Fargo endure occurred in 1855, when a dry spell made it difficult to dig for gold along stream beds. The frenzy caused about 200 organizations in San Francisco to fall flat, including Wells Fargo's greatest rival, Adams Express Company. "As the main real express organization enduring the accident, Wells Fargo could anticipate prosperous days ahead," composed Hungerford. Wells Fargo's budgetary position was strong to the point that it didn't suspend its profit that year.

4. The primary genuine risk to Wells Fargo

In the principal half of the 1860s, Wells Fargo gained for all intents and purposes all the stage lines from the Missouri River to California, which gave it an imposing business model on cross-country conveyance administrations. It at that point suddenly changed course in 1868. In the wake of understanding that the cross-country railroad was nearing culmination, Wells Fargo's directorate requested its leader to auction the majority of the organization's stage lines.

5. The antagonistic takeover of Wells Fargo in 1869

At the point when Wells Fargo's stock plunged because of the danger from the cross-country railroad, which was finished in 1869, a gathering of California-based financial specialists gained control of the organization. It was by then that Wells Fargo moved its home office from New York City to San Francisco. Since these equivalent financial specialists controlled the Central Pacific railroad, Wells Fargo increased restrictive express benefits on the main train that associated California toward the East Coast.

The "Bargain of Omaha," which denoted the exchange of command over Wells Fargo, rejuvenated the organization. "Considering the way that Wells Fargo was the main organization that could transport express in California on the [Central and Southern Pacific railroads] it fixed its rates high," composed Hungerford. "What's more, the benefits ... were great."

6. Burglaries and thefts

Burglaries and thefts were a noteworthy risk to Wells Fargo in its initial years. By 1884, its stagecoaches and trains had been looted multiple times, prompting the passings of 16 burglars (excluding 7 hanged by natives) and six Wells Fargo workers. The organization enlisted its own security power to battle the risk. "For a long time it had been said all through the West that there were two foundations hazardous for awful men to tinker with," said Hungerford. "One was the Federal Government and different, Wells Fargo."

7. Well Fargo's most exceedingly awful procurement

In the mid-1890s, Wells Fargo obtained Commercial National Bank, a Portland, Oregon-based bank that "experienced considerable difficulties of it in the extraordinary frenzy of 1893." While Wells Fargo was flush with capital at the time - "frenzies were not really more than episodes" to the organization, composed Hungerford - Commercial National's awful advances were more regrettable than anticipated. As Wells Fargo's leader at the time described:

I tuned in to what those individuals said and I passed on a great deal of advantages that never ought to have been passed. The reason that I made that sort of mistake was that I laid an excess of weight on their great confidence. I didn't take into consideration the way that a man of good confidence may need something of practical insight.

Wells Fargo lost its whole interest in Commercial National and in this manner sold it in 1905 to United States National Bank, which had "since a long time ago become a remarkable bank of Portland." That bank today is U.S. Bancorp.

8. The spinoff of Wells Fargo Bank in 1905

In 1901, renowned railroad lender Edward H. Harriman oversaw the Southern Pacific railroad, which, thus, possessed a generous offer of Wells Fargo stock coming from past dealings between the organizations. Harriman saw little an incentive in Wells Fargo's financial tasks, which were auxiliary to its expedited administration. He likewise chose to spinoff Wells Fargo Bank in 1905.

The bank was obtained by Isaias Hellman, leader of the Nevada Bank of San Francisco, which had $9 million in stores at the time contrasted with Wells Fargo's $6 million. "However to discard the name of Wells Fargo with all its tremendous esteem was unfathomable," composed Hungerford. The joined bank along these lines passed by the name of Wells Fargo-Nevada National Bank.

The Wells Fargo Bank of New York was sold around a similar time to the National Park Bank, which later converged into Chase National Bank - what is today JPMorgan Chase.

9. The San Francisco quake and fire in 1906

For different days after the 1906 seismic tremor and fire that pulverized seventy five percent of San Francisco, Wells Fargo worked without records of its clients' records, which were then caught in the flame resistant vault in its as yet seething base camp structure. Be that as it may, despite the fact that it paid out countless dollars to contributors dependent on their honesty, its complete misfortune from excessive charges didn't surpass $200.

10. The finish of Wells Fargo Express in 1918

Wells Fargo's expedited administration authoritatively finished in 1918. At the command of the Secretary of the Treasury, the three major express organizations in the nation were converged into the American Railway Express "in light of a legitimate concern for winning" World War I.

There was much sharpness. When the new blend had been made, the Wells Fargo signs and badge were torn down right over the land to be supplanted quickly by the signs and emblem of the American Railway Express. Wells Fargo vanished from the phone postings all over the place; the name was obviously never at any point to be murmured.

The equivalent isn't valid, obviously, of Wells Fargo's once thrown away bank. In the budgetary emergency of 2008-09, it demonstrated once more that it's one of the most secure and most judicious stewards of capital in America. As Hungerford watched six decades before the emergency, "From its beginnings almost 100 years prior down to the present, not one individual at any point lost a dollar, in property or in cash depended to the consideration of Wells Fargo."

[seattlemysterybooks]

philsp

November 4, 1919 issue

cover art by John A. Coughlin

Edgar Wallace, “Stamped in Gold” 

Anna Alice Chapin, “High Tide"    

Ernest M. Poate, “Curse on the House of Carson” (Part 1 of 6)   

Rowland Wright, “The Disappearance of Kimball Webb” (Part 2 of 6)

Howard Ellis Davis, “Keeping Her Out of It"   

Grover Kidwell, “Little Poison Hate"  

Stephen Lee, “Gold Bricks"    

C. O. Ates, “A Confession in Writing"    

James Edward Hungerford, “Miss Mystery”

Seattle Mystery Bookshop 

[tipsycad147]

WITCHES OF BELVOIR

Memorial to Henry and Francis Manners, the heirs to the 6th Earl and Countess of Rutland, whom the Witches of Belvoir were believed to have killed Source: Wikimedia Commons

The Witches of Belvoir, also known as the Bottesford witches, were a mother – Joan Flower – and her two daughters Margaret and Phillipa, believed to have caused the deaths by witchcraft of two young nobles. Henry (died 1613) and Francis Manners (died 1620) were the only male heirs to Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland, whose seat was at Belvoir Castle in Leicestershire. Joan Flower died on her journey to Lincoln Castle, where she and her daughters were to be incarcerated before their interrogation and trial, after demanding that she be tried by ordeal.

The only record of the trial of Margaret and Phillipa Flower in early March 1619 is that contained in a contemporary pamphlet, The Wonderful Discoverie of the Witchcrafts of Margaret and Phillippa Flower, Daughters of Joan Flower; the records of the Lincoln assizes have been lost.

Margaret and Phillipa were executed at Lincoln Castle on 11 March 1619. A new and influential manual for the use of judges, magistrates and anyone else involved in bringing alleged witches to trial was published eight years later, clearly influenced by the trial of the Flower women. The historian Tracey Borman has suggested that the Flowers women may have been framed by a favourite of King James I, George Villiers, the Marquess of Buckingham.

Flower family

he Flower family had been connected to the earls of Rutland since at least the mid-16th century, and in their heyday the Flower women had acted as ladies-in-waiting to the countesses of Rutland, and even retained servants of their own. Joan Flower herself was almost certainly in the employ of the Manners family in 1603, and her social position seems to have been comfortable until 1611, when she appears to have fallen on hard times, probably owing to the death of her husband. By the time records reveal anything other than the sketchiest details of her life, Joan was looking after her daughters Margaret and Philippa on her own.

The famously generous Earl and Countess of Rutland evidently felt some responsibility for the Flower women, as it is recorded that they “dayly founde reliefe” from the castle. Joan and her daughters were offered employment at the castle in 1612 as day servants, possibly to assist with preparations for the visit of King James I in August that year, but they remained in service long after the King had left.[2] Joan was a particular favourite with the earl, and the pair spent many hours discussing natural remedies; Joan was a well-known local cunning woman, and the earl solicited her advice on many occasions

Events leading up to the trials

Belvoir Castle in the late 19th century Source: Wikimedia Commons

The Flower women were evidently not popular with the other members of the earl’s staff, and rumours of their misconduct soon began to spread, culminating in 1613 when the servants lodged a formal complaint with Cecelia, the countess of Rutland. Margaret was accused of stealing provisions, and all three women of entertaining “certaine deboist [debauched] and base company at their house”, at all hours of the night. Margaret was dismissed, but with “an extremely generous parting gift” of 40 shillings – about one year’s pay – a bolster and a wool mattress. Both Margaret and her mother were reportedly furious at Margaret’s dismissal, and Joan cursed the earl’s family. The earl and the countess were subsequently “many times subject to sicknesse and extraordinary convulsions”,and in late summer 1613 their eldest son, Henry, Lord Ros, “sickened very strangely”. Henry died in September, and to add to his parent’s grief his brother Francis, their last surviving male heir, shortly afterwards fell ill with the same symptoms as his brother.

The earl employed several eminent physicians in an attempt to restore his son to health, one of whom, Richard Napier, believed passionately that witchcraft was at the heart of many illnesses Rumours abounded among the servants and local villagers that the Flower women were evil witches, and it seems that the earl and the countess gradually began to be swayed to that opinion.  he conventional wisdom of the time among many was that victims of bewitchment could only be healed if the witch could be forced to confess or by the death of the witch, both of which were matters for the law, and so in either late 1618 or early 1619, the Flower women were arrested and accused of witchcraft, probably at the instigation of the countess of Rutland. Their arrest excited much interest, as it was very unusual for such a distinguished family as the Manners – one of the richest and noblest families in England – to be involved in a witch trial.

Ordeal by bread

The three women were committed to be tried at Lincoln castle, a 40-mile (64 km) journey from where they were being held in Bottesford, in the depths of winter. Stopping off at the village of Ancaster, worn down by her treatment, and very likely terrified – mistakenly – of the prospect of being burned alive  There are no recorded cases of witches being burned alive in England, they were routinely hanged. Joan demanded that she be subjected to an ordeal to prove her innocence, an ordeal by bread.  Methods used to identify witches.

Ordeal by bread in Anglo-Saxon times was known as the corsned. Prayers were said over a small piece of bread, and the test was to see whether the accused was then able to swallow it without choking. Anyone unable to do so was pronounced guilty The early Christian Church adopted the practice and applied it as a way for clerics to clear themselves of accusations made against them  and subsequently as a means to identify witches, as in the case of the Belvoir witches.

The Earl of Rutland’s chaplain, the Reverend Samuel Fleming, was among the party accompanying the women to Lincoln, and he may have blessed the bread before Joan broke off a piece and put it in her mouth. Immediately she “fell donne and dyed … with a horrible excruciation of soule and body”. The historian Tracey Borman has suggested that such a convenient death may have been an invention by the authorities to cover up the reality that the real cause of Joan’s death was the hardships she had been forced to endure at the hands of her captors.

Confessions

Margaret and Phillipa were subjected to a series of interrogations from 22 January until 25 February 1619.[14] Margaret was the first to crack, and on 4 February admitted that she, her mother and her sister had conspired to bring about the death of the earl’s eldest son, Henry, with the help of her mother’s familiar, a cat named Rutterkin. Phillipa appears to have been made of sterner stuff, and consistently refused to confess to having caused the boy’s death, admitting only that she had used magic to make him sick. But she did otherwise confirm Margaret’s story about their mother casting a spell on him.

According to the account published in The Wonderful Discoverie of the Witchcrafts of Margaret and Phillippa Flower, the Devil took advantage of the fury felt by Margaret and her mother on her dismissal from the earl’s service by promising to help them wreak revenge on the family, in return for their souls. After sealing their pact with “an exchange of blood and ‘abominable kisses’ ”, the two women wasted no time in using their new powers to torment their victims.

Phillipa on the other hand was madly in love with a local man, Thomas Simpson, it was claimed, and she succumbed to the Devil’s offer to make him love her in return, once again at the cost of her soul. Thomas did indeed fall in love with Phillipa, but the romance ended with him testifying against her, claiming that he must have been bewitched, as “hee had no power to leave her”.

Trial and execution

Margaret and Phillipa stood trial in early March 1619  The court records have not survived; the only extant record of the proceedings are contained in the Belvoir witch pamphlet  at Lincoln assizes, in front of Sir Edward Bromley and Sir Henry Hobart, both eminent legal figures; Bromley had been one of the presiding judges at the Pendle witch trials of 1612. As was customary for such trials at the time, no defence lawyers were allowed, as it was feared that they would be aided by the Devil, so the judges made their decision based on the written testimonies presented to them, and any witness statements. The only witness recorded as giving evidence was the Earl of Rutland himself, but as the law required there to be at least two witnesses there must presumably have been others.

Margaret and Phillipa were found guilty under the terms of the Witchcraft Act of 1604, and duly executed on 11 March 1619; their bodies were buried in unconsecrated ground in a corner of Lincoln Castle. The boy they had been accused of bewitching, Francis Manners, died almost a year later, on 5 March 1620.

Aftermath and legacy

Three known associates of the Flower women – Anne Baker, Joan Willimot and Ellen Green – were arrested a few days after the executions; Margaret and Phillipa may have implicated them in their own confessions Despite all three admitting to having used witchcraft, but not to any involvement in the Flower’s conspiracy against the Manners family, there is no record of any legal proceedings being taken against them.

The earl and countess remained so convinced that their sons had been killed by witchcraft that they had it inscribed on their monument at Bottesford church. The only reference to witchcraft in an English church,  it reads, in part:

In 1608 he married ye lady Cecila Hungerford, daughter to ye Honorable Knight Sir John Tufton, by whom he had two sons, both of which died in their infancy by wicked practises and sorcerye

A new manual for the use of judges, magistrates and anyone else involved in bringing alleged witches to trial was published eight years after the execution of the Flowers women. Titled A Guide to Grand Jury Men   In early 17th-century English jurisprudence, all indictments were initially submitted to a grand jury, whose task was to decide whether there was a prima facie case against the accused before the prisoners were taken into the courtroom to be tried by the petty jury, the forerunner of the modern jury  and written by Richard Bernard, it was clearly influenced by the Belvoir witch trial, and became “one of the most influential tracts on witchcraft”.

Modern interpretations

Tracey Borman has suggested that the Flowers women may have been framed by a favourite of King James I, George Villiers, the Marquess of Buckingham. Villiers was certainly able to profit from the death of the the Earl of Rutland’s last male heir by marrying the earl’s daughter Katherine and thus securing the title, which he did on 16 May 1620.

Villiers employed a cunning man by the name of John Lambe, who was known to concoct various potions and poisons. Even at the time, doubts were expressed in some circles about the guilt of the Flowers women. The letter writer John Chamberlain for instance, reported that Francis had died “by witchcraft (as some will have yt) but in all likelihood of the falling sickness to which he was much subject and a weake child”.

Bibliography

Borman, Tracy.

Witches: A Tale of Sorcery, Scandal and Seduction

. Jonathan Cape, 2013.Gibson, Marion. “Thomas Potts’s Dusty Memory: Reconstructing Justice in The Wonderfull Discoverie of Witches.”

The Lancashire Witches: Histories and Stories

, Manchester University Press, 2002, pp. 42–57.Hasted, Rachel A. C.

The Pendle Witch Trial 1612

. Lancashire County Books, 1993.Millar, Charlotte-Rose. “Over-Familiar Spirits: The Bonds between English Witches and Their Devils.”

Emotions in the History of Witchcraft

, edited by Laura Kounine and Michael Ostling, Ebook, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp. 173–190.Sparham, Bob.

The Bottesford Witches, Introduction

. 23 Dec. 2006,

https://www.bottesfordhistory.org.uk/content/topics/bottesford-witches/1-the-bottesford-witches-introduction

https://engole.info/witches-of-belvoir/

.