#Arthashastra

[cyndaquillt]

Making a note that Kautilya's arthashastra wasn't a pioneering work of his time and that various schools of though on the working of a socio-economic state existed concurrently. Arthashastra mentions them in 112 places and Kautilya disagrees with them in several of these mentions. There are five different schools of thought mentioned :

Brihaspati

Ushanas

Prachetas

Manu

Ambhi

It is unclear in the text just yet where these schools of thoughts disagreed. But I feel that academic discourse in South Asian history is often overlooked outside of the modern academic ivory tower and it is so important to keep in mind that a text isn't the end-all be-all, its is simply one set of narrative on a limited number of topics. Kautilya/Chanakya wasn't a pioneer, he was simply lucky enough (or perhaps tactful enough) to survive as a name through the passage of time.

[indianmartialartsresearchgroup]

Book cover of "The Lost Warfare of India" book cover ⚔️ 🏹 This book is primarily based on the warfare sections of the nearly-2,400 year old Arthashastra text of scholar Chanakya. The first book of its kind. There's battle formations, strategy, spy classes, stealth, assassination tactics, weapons, battlefield black magic, etc. Illustrations too. Chanakya wrote this text long before the Japanese Shinobi-no-mono (aka Ninja) were even formed.

[anmolsmsblog]

Arthashastra By Kautilya - A Masterpiece On Economic Policies | Ancient Indian Political Philosophy | Hindu Spiritual Wisdom | Timeless Teachings | Practical Guidance [Paperback]

Price: (as of – Details) Arthashastra is an ancient Indian text on statecraft and governance, written by Kautilya, a philosopher and statesman. This edition features the original text with a beautifully designed cover. With insights on politics, economics, and military strategy, this book remains relevant to modern-day readers interested in leadership and governance. Features the original text…

[whencyclopedfr]

Vishnugupta Chânakya

Vishnugupta Chânakya (c. 350-275 av. J.-C., également connu sous le nom de Kautilya) était premier ministre sous le règne de Chandragupta Maurya (r. d'environ 321 à environ 297 av. J.-C.), fondateur de l'empire maurya (322-185 av. J.-C.). Il est surtout connu comme l'auteur du traité politique Arthashâstra, qu'il écrivit comme un manuel d'instruction pour le jeune Chandragupta sur la façon de gouverner efficacement.

Lire la suite...

[through-tide]

_

Shiv Tandav

Music @solarein

2023

[natrajansblog]

CHANAKYA IN DAILY LIFE. Ch:1 Waking Up 🔹️Wake up with Sound of Musical Instruments. ________________________________ 🔹️Take 8 hours of Good Sleep ________________________________ 🔹️Set up your Internal Alarm to waken up. ________________________________ 🔹️Start your day with devotional music. #musical instruments#good sleep#internal alarm#external alarm#devotional music#chanakyaniti#Arthashastra#philosophy#public administration #military#warfare#@chanakya_motivation7 https://www.instagram.com/p/CpRvqoRL5zc/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[newzquest]

Chanakya's Relevance in age of corporate Management's

You might be surprised to learn that the direct principles of modern management science were discovered in economics thousands of years ago.

Let us know who Chanakya was and what Chanakya’s ideas are useful in today’s world. Our motherland India has a significant role and heritage. Our sages were not ordinary people; they had studied and mastered all of the world’s sciences. We only need to look back to our glorious past to solve all of our current problems. Since 1950, management has been recognised as one of these sciences. Peter…

[arthashastra-special-school]

Calling All Families: Admission Open for Arthashastra School 2024-2025!"

[hinduismuni]

Kautilya's Arthashastra: Timeless Leadership Principles | HUA

  Delve into the ancient text of Kautilya’s Arthashastra and discover how its principles, as elucidated by Radhakrishnan Pillai, transcend time to shape effective leadership today. This course centered on Chanakya’s Leadership Principles, bridges the gap between ancient wisdom and contemporary leadership challenges across diverse sectors. In this course, participants unearth profound insights from Kautilya’s Arthashastra, strategically interpreted by Radhakrishnan Pillai to suit the complexities of the modern world. By applying these age-old principles, learners gain a comprehensive understanding of adaptive leadership, harnessing strategic approaches to navigate intricate challenges in corporate, non-profit, and community landscapes. 

[cyndaquillt]

Revisionist history Kautilyan kingdom : And we all lived happily as a one big united country 🤗 Real Kautilyan Kingdom: Dog eat dog world, colonize or be colonized, conquer, war, kill, play catan

[sosuigeneris]

Started a 50 day challenge for myself yesterday. I’m giving myself 50 days to give myself a mental mini rebrand before 2025.

I found a very interesting Vedic math course that is like 9 weeks long and I decided to start that. I’m getting interested in Vedic studies lately. I want to do a Vedic Astrology, learn more about chakras, etc and I’m also reading the Arthashastra now. I’ve been working out 5 times a week, and my half marathon is in December. My goals for next year is to focus on getting to a 20% body fat and flexibility. I’ve been eating a high protein vegetarian diet (occasionally eggs too) and drinking at least 3L a day.

vocalising - I’m improving my tone, pitch and speed of my speaking. I want to sound more authoritative at work. I’m doing this by just reading out loud for 10 mins a day and I’m already feeling an improvement.

I watched a video by Jordan Peterson that really stuck to me. You may not like him or his views, but one can’t deny that he’s a brilliant speaker. He was asked how he improved on his speaking skills and he said writing. Writing allows you to think more concisely and branch out on your thoughts and vocabulary. So I began writing this year, albeit very on off, but I’ve taken it more seriously for this challenge. I write with a fountain pen to improve my cursive (being an Indian and being raised by a tiger mom means I was raised to write beautifully. My mom would tear up my homework if she didn’t like my handwriting. But there’s always scope for improvement). I write about different topics like nepotism, sex, society, documentaries I’ve watched - things that my mind can expand on.

I’m also meditating for 45 minutes everyday.

[whencyclopedia]

Ancient Indian Warfare

War was the chief means by which territory was annexed or rulers defeated in ancient India, which was divided into multiple kingdoms, republics and empires. Often one empire predominated or different empires co-existed. The Vedic literature (1500 – 1000 BCE), the two epics Ramayana and the Mahabharata (1000 - 600 BCE), Kautilya's Arthashastra (c. 4th century BCE) and Banabhatta's Harshacharita (c. 7th century CE), all key texts regarding warfare in ancient India, testify to this. Troops were recruited, trained and equipped by the state (maula). There were many communities and forest tribes (atavika) that were known for their military skills and prized as such. Such people lived by the profession of arms (ayudhjivi). Villages providing soldiers were called ayudhiya. Mercenaries (bhrita) also existed in large numbers as did corporate guilds of soldiers (shreni) and they were recruited whenever required.

Attitudes to Warfare

The king or emperor was supposed to be a great warrior, capable of vanquishing enemies on the battlefield and subduing their kingdoms. The idea of digvijaya (Sanskrit: “victorious campaign in all directions”) so that a ruler could become a chakravarti samrat (Sanskrit: “emperor whose chariot wheel rolls unobstructed”) was always emphasized. Religiously, the Hindus favoured war as a means of furthering royal ambition and even advocated the concept of dharma yuddha or “just war” to avenge injustices or claim one's justified right to the throne. Buddhism and Jainism, despite their advocacy of non-violence, also understood the role of war and warfare in the prevailing political system and especially for the defence of one's kingdom against invaders embarked on a digvijaya. The Buddha himself advised the minister of Magadha's king Ajatashatru (492 - 460 BCE) on how difficult it would be to conquer Vaishali. Alongside all his humanitarian work, the Mauryan emperor Ashoka (272-232 BCE) also did not disband his army but continued to maintain efficient means for the security of his people, which he considered as part of his duty as a Buddhist ruler looking after the welfare of his subjects. Throughout the ancient period, many of the most notable emperors, kings, warriors and even individual soldiers continued to be devout Jains.

Continue reading...

[h0bg0blin-meat]

Hey Meat! Currently combing through Matt Clayton’s Hindu Mythology: A Captivating Guide to Hindu Myths, Hindu Gods, and Hindu Goddesses and I was wondering if you could give like a little introduction to the main concepts/gods/goddesses? I’m seeing many terms like “the Veedas” and “the Shastras” as I go through it and I’m picking up context clues and I could probably google them but I’d like to hear from actual people and especially those who know and care deeply about these Myths (like you <3). So… can you help me? /gen

Heyyy Neptune! First of all I apologize it took me so long to answer you dfnsfjfdjg forgive meeee

I love how ardently you're researching Hinduism. I haven't really read his book, but I'll help you with giving you an overview of it, so to speak.

Firstly lemme tell you about the Vedic knowledge system, which consists of:

Vedas

Vedangas

Upavedas

Vedas: These are the oldest known scriptures of Hinduism. The religion has four Vedas, namely the:

Rig Veda (RV): book of hymns to the deities.

Yajur Veda (YV): book of mantras and worship rituals

Sama Veda (SV): book of chanting songs

Atharva Veda (AV): book of procedures of everyday life

Each of them have four subdivisions:

Samhitas (mantras, hymns, prayers and benedictions)

Brahmanas (explanations and instructions on performing Vedic rituals)

Aranyakas (texts on the meaning and symbolisms of rituals and ceremonies basically). They were mainly composed by sages who meditated in the wilderness, hence the name of the texts (aranya means forest in Sanskrit).

Upanishads (texts on meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge)

Upasanas (additional). These are texts on worship.

Vedangas: These are the six auxiliary disciplines of Hinduism, and are heavily linked to the Vedas. They are:

Shiksha: Study of phonetics

Vyakarana: Study of grammar

Chhandas: Study of poetic metres and rhythm

Niruktas: Study of etymology

Jyotishya: Study of astrology and astronomy

Kalpa: Study of rituals and guide to ritual instructions

Upavedas: These are texts regarding certain fields of work like:

Ayur Veda: Study of medicine and life sciences

Gandharva Veda: Study of music, art and dance

Dhanur Veda: Study of archery and warfare

Arthashastra: Study of business and administration

Speaking of Shastras, they are kinda similar to Upavedas, and deal with certain fields of knowledge, like we saw in the case of Arthashastra. There are many shastras:

Bhautikashastra - Study of physics

Rasashastra - Study of chemistry

Jivashastra - Study of biology

Vastushastra - Study of architectural science

Shilpashastra - Study of mechanical arts and sculpture

Nitishastra - Corpus on ethics and policies

Alamkarashastra - Study of rhetorics

Kavyashastra - Study of poetics

Sangitashastra - Study of music

Natyashastra - Study of theatre and dance

Yogashastra - contains instructions and teachings on yoga

Mokshashastra - contains instructions and teachings on moksha

Nyayashastra - contains instructions and teachings on justice, laws and judgement

Dharmashastra - contains instructions and teachings on dharma

Kamashastra - contains instructions and teachings on love, desire and pleasure.

And so on.

Then we have the Puranas, which are texts on various topics, usually legends and lores. A few examples are:

Brahma Purana

Vishnu Purana

Matsya Purana

Kalika Purana

Vamana Purana

Shiva Purana

Agni Purana

Bhagavata Purana

And so on. The latest Purana ever written was the Kalki Purana, which was around 400-600 years ago. It is believed that Ved Vyasa (the author* of the epic Mahabharata) composed all these Puranas as well. But many disagree.

*some believe Ved Vyas got Ganesh (the God of wisdom, success and remover of obstacles, and the son of Shiva) to write the Mahabharata for him. While some believe Ved Vyas wrote it himself.

Then we have the Sutras which are aphoristic (concise expression of a general truth/principle) texts. Some examples are:

Brahma Sutras

Yoga Sutras

Nyaya Sutras

Kama Sutra

and so on.

Then comes Itihasa (historical texts), which include the two major epics of Hinduism, namely:

Ramayana (composed by Valmiki)

Mahabharata (composed my Vyasa/Ganesh)

Read the epics I'll not spoil it for ya heehee

Now, for the Gods. Oh man there are so many, but not 33 crore (1 crore = 10 million), contrary to popular belief, but rather 33 types.

In the very beginning of the pantheon, the main Gods were:

Indra (god of thunder and rain and the King of Gods)

Agni (god of fire)

Mitra (god of friendship, sun, daylight)

Varuna (god of waters, oceans, night time)

Vayu (wind god)

Soma (wind god, also sometimes called the moon god)

Ushas (goddess of dawn)

Ashwins (twin solar gods of medicine and sons of Surya)

Surya (Sun god)

Rudra (another wind/storm god who later became another form of Shiva)

Vishnu (bro doesn't have any specific assigned field tbh)

And a few others like Brihaspati (Jupiter god), Pushan (solar god of meetings, marriages, roads and cattle), Savitr (god of speed and cosmos) and many others.

Now there was this supreme vague deity in the Vedas. It's not Brahman yet. They (for the lack of a better set of pronouns) appear later. But it is some kind of supernatural force that let to the creation of this universe, and was initially mostly referred to as Prajapati (sometimes it wasn't one being though, rather a group), from what I can infer. Some may even called em Purusha. In the link you'll also get the First Creation Myth of Hinduism.

There is also an agnostic section in the Rig Veda, known as the Nasadiya Sukta. In this specific section we know there's some form of a supreme deity, but it's very vague as to what it is.

Moving on, in around mid-Vedic period, Vishnu became heavily popular, and two new deities came into being, namely Brahma (who soon got the title of Prajapati) and Shiva (from Rudra because previously Rudra had an alternative name called Siva. So Ig that's where 'Shiva' stemmed from. But again not sure).

Vishnu and Shiva became extremely popular, to the point that they got an entire sect of people dedicated to each of em, hence Vaishnavism and Shaivism (respectively) were born. Vaishnavs heralded Vishnu to be the Supreme God, while Shaivites heralded Shiva to be the Supreme God. (Soon Harihar or Vishnu-Shiva sect also emerged where both the Gods were considered the same, and hence both were the Supreme Gods, or Supreme God, if we consider them one entity) But in the future we can see Vaishnavism took over the spotlight, and finally during the age of the epics, Sanatan Dharma was born, which eventually became synonymous with Hinduism, and now almost everyone considers Vishnu is the Supreme Lord (while many others consider it to be the Brahman, who Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma are a part of).

Vishnu actually gained the most popularity from the two epics that I've mentioned, and the first one is almost entirely surrounded around his avatar, Ram (yes he has avatars now). His most popular avatars include Ram and Krishna, and the latter has an entire organization dedicated to him (ISKON or International Society for Krishna Consciousness), and this org considers THIS avatar as the Supreme Lord, and actually considers Vishnu as his avatar, not the other way around. Krishna also appears in the famous Bhagavad Gita, which is the prime philosophy book of guidelines for the Hindus today.

Buckle up, it's about to get more confusing cuz now Vishnu is our main character for a while (bro has HEAVILY influenced this religion atp there's no turning back for him now). His evolution is so interesting cuz who'd have thought in the Rig Vedic times that he'd grow up to be THIS popular TOT. Not Indra for sure xD.

Anyhoo so about Vishnu's avatars. He has ten main avatars that appear through the cycle of Hindu Yugas (eras):

Matsya: Big fishiee. Some paintings portray him as a merman tho.

Kurma: Giant tortoise go brrr.

Varaha: A boar-man :D. Pumba's gunna vibe with him fs.

Narasimha: Very angy lion-man. Will be besties with Sekhmet in a heartbeat i just know it.

Vamana: Cute "lil" dwarf (covered the universe in three steps)

Parshurama: Appears in the Mahabharata

Rama: Main character of Ramayana (hence the name), and is the younger brother of Balarama.

Krishna: One of the main characters of the Mahabharata

Balarama/Buddha (sources vary)

Kalki (future avatar)

Now Mohini is the female form of Vishnu. Whether or not she counts as an avatar is debated. She's the goddess of beauty and a seductress that lures bad guys (mostly Asuras) and then kills them, or atleast teaches them a lesson (but she also attracts the devas sometimes. Shiva for example). So yeah.

His wife is Lakshmi, who's the goddess of wealth, fortune, power, beauty, fertility and prosperity. She also has avatars btw.

Now the Second Creation Myth is pretty messy. Different sects have different takes on it. Usually it is considered that:

Brahma created the universe (or universes in case of the multiverse version).

Vishnu preserves the universe

Shiva destroys the universe

This process is considered cyclic and after the destruction Brahma creates a new universe, and it keeps repeating.

The origin of these three gods are also debated. Some say Brahma created Vishnu and Shiva, some say Vishnu created Brahma and Shiva, some say Lakshmi created Brahma, some say Shiva created Brahma and Vishnu. Some say Vishnu and Shiva are two of the Adityas (comprising of Indra, Agni, Mitra, Varuna, Surya etc.), and hence the children of Kashyap and Aditi.

Quick desc of Shiva is that he's the god of destruction, rebirth, time, benevolence etc. He also has avatars, plus a female form, called Shivani. His wife is Parvati, who ALSO has avatars, primarily Kali, Durya, Gauri etc. Sometimes Parvati and Lakshmi's avatars overlap. Sometimes, Vishnu and Parvati's avatars overlap (like Krishna-Kali).

He and his wife have two sons- Ganesha (god of wisdom, beginnings, remover of obstacles etc.), and Kartikeya/Murugun/Skanda (god of war). Who's the elder one is debated but usually Kartikeya is considered older.

Also Brahma's wife is Saraswati (goddess of wisdom, knowledge, music, flowing water, abundance etc.), who was born from him. Bro has faced some issues with falling for ppl (women) he has created actually lol, which is why he was cursed by Shiva and even lost one of his heads, hence ending up with four heads, when he initially had five. Check this site out as to why he was cancelled by Mahadev (another name of Shiva).

Now we have two Holy Trinities:

Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva (However, Vishnu and Shiva are way closer to Indra, while Brahma's kinda like the dad of the group, yk)

Saraswati, Lakshmi, Parvati

Then we have the Devas and the Asuras, who can be compared to the Aesir and Vanir, in a way. The Devas are usually the benevolent one, who attained the amrit (elixir), while the Asuras are usually the antagonists. But tbh, in my opinion, both of these groups are morally grey as fock.

Parents of Devas (Rishi/sage Kashyapa and Aditi)

Parents of Asuras (Rishi/sage Kashyapa and Diti)

Diti and Aditi and daughters of king Daksha (one of the Prajapatis). The reason the Asuras turned out the way they did was cuz Diti approached Kashyap at an unholy hour, to put it shortly. Sources say she was also jealous of how Aditi's kids turned out, which might be another factor to how her kids turned out in turn (lot of 'turn's we're getting ahah)

They are described well in the Samudra Manthan, from the Vishnu Purana. Have a look.

Now see, this stark contrast between the Devas and the Asuras didn't quite exist back in the earliest Rig-Vedic period. In fact, some of the most prominent Devas were referred to as Asuras in the Rig Veda, most famously Varuna, who was actually referred to as the leader of the Asuras/Asuryas. Other Devas who got referred to as Asuras include Indra, Agni, Mitra, and a few others. So I have a feeling the concept of the modern-day Asuras didn't quite exist back then.

Now for the concepts of Hinduism, like Moksha, Dharma etc., I think I'll refer to actual practising Hindus to explain it to you, since they'd be able to explain them in a much better way. They can also add to my explanations of things, or correct me if I explained anything wrong. So I'mma tag em.

@kaal-naagin @zeherili-ankhein @inc0rrectmyths @randomx123 @ssj2hindudude @blue-lotus333 (idk if you're a Hindu but you still know a lot so) and anyone else who wanna join.

[wormsngods]

Books in my Kindle

making this to destress before I start studying

Brief History of Time

Briefer History of Time

Legends of the Gods

Syria and Egypt in the Amarna Letters

Amarna Sunset

Moses and Monotheism

Moses the Egyptian

The Price of Monotheism

Of God and gods

The Samaritan Chronicle

The Kingdom of Kush

Aesop's Fables

Cyropedia

Classical Indian Philosophy

The Jatakas

Kama Sutra

Arthashastra

Classical Philosophy

Philosophy in the Hellenistic and Roman World

The Lost Books of Eden

The Book of Giants

The Diatessaron of Tatian

Odes of Solomon

32 Throne Tales of Vikramaditya

Complete Apocrypha of the Ethiopian Bible

The Book of the Cave of Treasures

Quran

The Quran in its Historical Context

Maghazi of Mamar

A Book of Conquest

The Arabic Hermes

Vivekachudamani

The Seduction of Shiva

Philosophy in the Islamic World

Barlaam and Josaphat

The Saga of Erik the Red

Kebra Nagast

The Trial of Joan of Arc

100 poems of Kabir

The Four Voyages of Columbus

Napoleon's Letters to Josephine

Napoleon's Military Maxims

Vizier of the Two Horned Alexander

And then there were none

Quotations from Chairman Mao

Eye

The Thorn and The Carnation

The Making of a Salafi Woman

The Last Island

[valkyries-things]

THE VISHAKANYA // ASSASSINS

“They were young women reportedly used as assassins, often against powerful enemies, during the times of Ancient India. Their blood and bodily fluids were purportedly poisonous to other humans, as was mentioned in the ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, Arthashastra, written by Chanakya, an adviser and a prime minister to the first Maurya Emperor Chandragupta (c. 340–293 BCE).”

[radical-revolution]

Dear fellow beings,

In yet another of our human narratives, we’ve labelled the old year as finished. And therefore, the old year must inevitably be followed by a “new year”. With those man-made categories, along comes something even more ludicrous called a “new year’s resolution”.

These new year’s resolutions require looking “back” and looking “forward”. When we do that, we see that things in the world haven’t been too easy in the recent past. And from the way it’s all going, it looks like the future won’t be easy either. Ecological destruction is one big reason. Another is that the old lords and masters are so threatened by newbies who want to be just like them and particularly by those who are managing to achieve that.

But we’re caught: How can we stop a billion Chinese wanting to clean their butts on the toilet seat the way a few million Japanese clean theirs? And how can we deny the aspiration of a billion Indians to water their lawns and dry their clothes with automatic dryers the way Americans do? The pain felt by those who were once lords as they watch the rise of subordinates is splendidly captured by none other than the great Satyajit Ray in his beautiful film Jalsaghar.

And if all the wannabes do get what they want, like a billion Indians and Chinese getting their own cars, taking holidays in campervans or on Mallorca and Aruba, and a whole lot more, which they surely deserve as much as those who presently have all that, then what? Surely that will not only accelerate ecological destruction but may well lead to global warfare as the former lords and masters use all their might to cling to their old privilege and control.

So, in the big picture, it’s hard to make an upbeat new year’s resolution for the world from anyone’s point of view. All I can do personally myself, is re-resolve to follow what Gautama taught.

I came to this resolution because the only way I can liberate myself from the delusion of expecting a perfect society is to follow this man Gautama. And because the only way I won’t be caught in the games of the dream is to wake up from the dream, not by adding even more systematic dreams in the name of politics, the economy, science, technology and the rest.

I also want to put effort into letting other human beings know what Gautama taught. I have come to realize that the only reason why people like Gautama, Lao Tzu and Mahavira are not widely known today is because of colonial and neocolonial might that has convinced itself that its own modernity is “the end of history” and convinced the rest of the world that westernization and modernization are one and the same.

That is why Obama quotes Kant and not Mahavira, why Deng Xiaoping quotes Karl Marx and not Gautama, and why people in the larger world only know about Kama Sutra not Arthashastra. I have read philosophers like Aristotle, Kant, Hegel and Marx, though of course not thoroughly. But I have also not read the Buddha’s teachings thoroughly. Still, I’ve so far not found any insight into so-called reality that these western writers have said that the Buddha has not said, and I’ve found so much that the Buddha said that those writers have not even begun to say.

It's one thing for traditions to die out if they are archaic, useless, or harmful like female infanticide, genital mutilation or forced enslavement. But the degeneration of genuine wisdom traditions into nothing more than objects of anthropological interest is a grave and even dangerous loss to humanity.

So I ask those who share my concern and aspiration to join me in this or a similar resolution. May this year bring you wakefulness and cheerfulness. And in doing so, may that bring us confidence and free us from panic and anxiety.

— Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse