#AirDefence

[whencyclopedia]

Dowding System

Britain's integrated air defence system in the Second World War (1939-45), known as the Dowding System after the air chief marshal of that name, included code-breakers, radar stations, observers, searchlights, barrage balloons, anti-aircraft guns, and fighter planes. Working together through a combined operations centre, these various elements ensured that the German Air Force could be better tracked and intercepted, and so, the Dowding System helped win the Battle of Britain.

Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding (1882-1970), commander-in-chief of RAF Fighter Command, had been determined to improve Britain's air defences in the interwar years, starting with the idea for a design competition for new fighter planes, the winners being the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire. In 1936, Dowding was appointed head of the RAF's Fighter Command. The position meant that Dowding controlled the operation of fighter planes, Anti-Aircraft Command (which operated flak guns and searchlights), Balloon Command (which handled anti-aircraft barrage balloons), a thousand units of early warning volunteer observers, and over 50 radar stations, a new technology Dowding had supported the development of. All of these elements would combine into what became popularly known as the Dowding System of air defence, which permitted the early detection and reception of enemy aircraft flying over Britain.

Integrated Defence

Britain's integrated air defence system (IADS) was created on 1 May 1936 after German aggression in Europe first became evident with the reoccupation of the Rhineland in March that year. The idea of pooling resources for air defence went back to the First World War (1914-18) when Germany had bombed Britain using such aircraft as Zeppelin airships. The Air Defence of Great Britain (ADGB) had lapsed in the 1920s but was now revived and expanded. The Dowding System eventually consisted of seven parts:

the fighter plane squadrons of RAF Fighter Command

the anti-aircraft artillery of Anti-Aircraft Command

the searchlights of the Royal Engineers

the lookouts of the Royal Observer Corps

static barrage balloons to deter air attacks on important sites

static and mobile radar stations

Ultra military intelligence

The first IADS covered southern England, the north and west of England, and Scotland. Volunteers of the Observer Corps scanned the skies for enemy planes and reported sightings by telephone to a local reporting centre, which in turn contacted the Operations Centre Head Quarters. Spotters at the sites with AA artillery and searchlight units did the same. With Britain's airspace divided into a massive grid, plotters at HQ could track home and enemy aircraft, making updates every five minutes. This was all well and good, but there were two fundamental weaknesses in the system. The first was that enemy aircraft would only be spotted as they approached the coast where the Observer Corps was positioned. The second was that in cloudy weather or at night, enemy planes would be able to enter Britain's air space unobserved. These problems now seemed very important to solve quickly. Britain had declared war on Germany in September 1939 following the latter's invasion of Poland. By 1940, Germany had marched through the Low Countries, British forces had abandoned the Continent in the Dunkirk evacuation, and France had fallen. A German invasion of Britain (Operation Sea Lion) looked imminent, and it would surely be preceded by the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) attacking Britain's airfields and strategically important industries as it tried to gain air superiority. Fortunately for Britain, technology came to the rescue with a new and highly secret 'weapon' that proved decisive in the coming air battle, the Battle of Britain, officially dated as 10 July to 31 October 1940 by the Air Ministry.

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[creativemedianews]

The Ukraine claims Nine surrendering drone operators were killed by Russia

The Ukraine claims Nine surrendering drone operators were killed by Russia #airdefence #drones #executions #Kursk

[defencestar]

Netherlands Bolsters Air Defenses with NASAMS and NOMADS from Kongsberg

Netherlands Bolsters Air Defenses with NASAMS and NOMADS Systems from Kongsberg #India #Netherlands #defence #defense #defencenews #Kongsberg #NASAMS #NOMADS #airdefence #missile #NATO

Netherlands to buy Kongsberg’s NASAMS, NOMADS Systems: The Netherlands is taking a significant step towards strengthening its air defense capabilities with the planned acquisition of NASAMS and NOMADS systems from Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (Kongsberg). This proposed deal, which has been valued at approximately NOK 11 billion ($1.1 billion, GBP 870 million), comes as part of the country’s…

[teesrijungnews]

#Israel is deploying #Patriot long-range airdefence system in #Haifa

[babyawacs]

#independent #notmywar #on #ukraine #operatively @nato .@nato @otan @bbc_whys @bundes wehrinfo @darpa @us_stratcom @eu_commission @ukraine @poland @rosatom that drones overw healm airdefences and hit targets is a weakness and ineffectivity of the attacker. a ter ror weapon inefficient to produce even if it can hit targets itis not a strategic shift wea pon #keypoint effective+surviveable+highsortieratecapable integrated warfare on the f ield operationally can turn dynamics by removing heavy firepower, interdict necessities an d break static warfare into death traps. the change of initiative is underestimated as is the concentration of firepower with effectivity of battlefield s e n s o r s integration

#independent #notmywar #on #ukraine #operatively @nato .@nato @otan @bbc_whys @bundeswehrinfo @darpa @us_stratcom @eu_commission @ukraine @poland @rosatom that drones overwhealm airdefences and hit targets is a weakness and ineffectivity of the attacker. a terror weapon inefficient to produce even if it can hit targets itis not a strategic shift weapon #keypoint…

[topskynews]

Dutch கடற்படையானது De Zeven Provinciën-class frigate திறன் மேம்படுத்தல்களுடன் முன்னேற்றம் கண்டுள்ளது

28 மார்ச் 2023 ரிச்சர்ட் ஸ்காட் மூலம் மே 2021 இல் ‘அட்-சீ டெமோ/ஃபார்மிடபிள் ஷீல்ட் 21’ பயிற்சியின் போது HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën அட்லாண்டிக்கில் எடுக்கப்பட்ட படம். ASD/FS-21 புதிய MBMD திறனுக்கான ‘பட்டமளிப்பு பயிற்சியாக’ செயல்பட்டது. (அமெரிக்க கடற்படை) சேவையில் நுழைந்து சுமார் இரண்டு தசாப்தங்களுக்குப் பிறகு, ராயல் நெதர்லாந்து கடற்படையின் (RNLN) நான்கு De Zeven Provinciën-class airdefence and…

[mannis-new-blog]

Thats what happen in the Ukraine Day and night , nearly every day ! Current the EU tries to get airdefence systems for Ukraine , hope i will take not too long time .

This morning in Novorossiysk, Russia a Ukrainian attack drone screams over the city at low altitude, eventually slamming into the port and exploding.

[upscmagazine]

[newsiadn]

First S-400 deployed, second in process. India has inducted and deployed the first firing unit of "S-400 Air Defence System" and the second unit is also in the process of getting inducted, IAF Chief Air Chief Marshal VR Chaudhari informed on Sunday. #IADN #IAF #S400 #airdefence https://www.instagram.com/p/CgOuajUvPLE/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[uitvconnect]

This #AirForceDay, a billion salutes to the brave-hearts in the Indian Air Force for their selfless service to the nation.

[cooldanielparker]

Air Defence System Installed at Kabul Airport as Taliban Gain Ground

[defencestar]

Netherlands Bolsters Air Defenses with NASAMS and NOMADS from Kongsberg

Netherlands Bolsters Air Defenses with NASAMS and NOMADS Systems from Kongsberg #India #Netherlands #defence #defense #defencenews #Kongsberg #NASAMS #NOMADS #airdefence #missile #NATO

Netherlands to buy Kongsberg’s NASAMS, NOMADS Systems: The Netherlands is taking a significant step towards strengthening its air defense capabilities with the planned acquisition of NASAMS and NOMADS systems from Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (Kongsberg). This proposed deal, which has been valued at approximately NOK 11 billion ($1.1 billion, GBP 870 million), comes as part of the country’s…

[askdigitalweb]

#RafaleInIndia Welcome HOME, Golden Arrows! Incredible moment for our nation. #indianairforce #rafalejets #rafaleinindia #fighterjets #fighterpilots #indianairforce🇮🇳 #indianairforce #jetformation #indiandefence #defence #askdigitalweb #airdefence #IndianArmedForces (at Indian Air Force) https://www.instagram.com/p/CDOviA5DAlT/?igshid=mtblh6s4l7lt

[babyawacs]

#european #skyshield #european_skyshield .@eu_commission @euparlament  @e ucouncil  .@us_stratcom @bundeswehrinfo .@nato @otan @bbcr4 @pacificsubs @u s_stratcom @iafsite .@usnavy .@usairforce .@usarmy .@usmc  whilethe conc epts of integratred airdefence by layers is a nobrainer the overlooked elemen t is the #keypoint networking for as early networked detection/ sensors integration aspossible especially with altered midcourse hyperesonics threat s #keypoint futuresensorsquality and integration (networking) for as soon as possible detectionof threats and principal additional layer of informatio n in battlefield management (/incontrary to isolated airdefense only/ sen sors and data for defence instead warning what is striked with which weapon) the quick integration of anyairdefense is better than none can cause p roblems andor be false safety hollow defense force   I am Christian KISS BabyAWACS - Raw Independent Sophistication #THINKTANK + #INTEL #HELLHOLE #BLOG https://www.BabyAWACS.c om/ Inquiry@BabyAWACS.com FluffyBunnySheepleSecuritySolutions@BabyAWACS.com Helpful? support. donnate. pay. https://wise.com/share/christiank426 https ://www.paypal.com/paypalme/christiankiss

#european #skyshield #european_skyshield .@eu_commission @euparlament @eucouncil .@us_stratcom @bundeswehrinfo .@nato @otan @bbcr4 @pacificsubs @us_stratcom @iafsite .@usnavy .@usairforce .@usarmy .@usmc whilethe concepts of integratred airdefence by layers is a nobrainer the overlooked element is the #keypoint networking for as early networked detection/ sensors integration aspossible especially…

[topskynews]

டச்சு கடற்படை வான் பாதுகாப்பு மற்றும் கட்டளை போர்க்கப்பல் HNLMS டி ருய்ட்டர் பிந்தைய மறுசீரமைப்பு சோதனைகளுக்கு தயாராகிறது

10 மார்ச் 2023 கேட் டிரிங்ஹாம் மூலம் எச்என்எல்எம்எஸ் டி ரூய்ட்டர் (எஃப் 804), 10.2013 (மைக்கேல் நிட்ஸ் – நேவல் பிரஸ் சர்வீஸ்) ராயல் நெதர்லாந்து கடற்படையின் (RNLN) மூன்றாவது De Zeven Provinciën-class airdefence and command frigate (luchtverdedigings en commandofregatten – LCF) HNLMS டி ரூய்ட்டர் (F 804) ஒரு பெரிய பராமரிப்பு மற்றும் திறன் மேம்படுத்தல் முடிந்ததைத் தொடர்ந்து, மார்ச் மாத இறுதியில்…

[weehughie]

HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Dragon a little earlier today... • • #hmsprinceofwales #hmsdragon #royalnavy #portsmouth #oldportsmouth #navaldockyard #royalnavaldockyard #portsmouthdockyard #portsmouthhistoricdockyard #aircraftcarrier #f35 #type45 #type45destroyer #airdefence #airdefencedestroyer #gosport #milleniumbridge #milleniumbridgegosport #february #daringclass #fortonlake (at Millennium Bridge Gosport) https://www.instagram.com/p/B8O32S0BuBf/?igshid=3afhr7zrwkc4