#zou shi

[rivvyelf]

Finally decided to finally post this on AO3. It’s a poem based off of that song during Dian Wei’s death at the Battle of Wan Castle in the 1994 Romance of the Three Kingdoms tv series.

Summary: In the year 196 AD, General Zhang Ji was slain by a stray arrow. His widow, Lady Zou, reflects through a poem on her life before, during, and after their fates crossed.

Here is my poem in its entirety:

The Passing of a Youth of Little Repute

I wandered long in solitude playing idyllic tunes with a lute. Time passed like a breeze through the grass; my youth was of little repute.

Then our lives crossed paths and entwined. Your eyes sparkled and so did mine. We walked in the day and lay in the night. Those years with you were truly sublime.

Sun, oh Sun. Light shines bright. Days pass by. Night ends quick.

I sat there in front of you playing cheerful tunes with a lute. Time passed like a breeze through the grass; our lives worthy of song.

The seasons drifted onwards. Your eyes grew duller. Each night less warmth. We both sigh together as your duty called you forward.

Flames and blood, screams and pain, yells echoing long through the eve. Ambitions spread through the four seas, Is all you lost worth what you gained?

Moon, oh Moon. Pale dim light. Nights are long. Days pass by.

Thus I wait here in solitude playing wistful tunes with a lute. When suddenly a knock on the door and my lute falls to the floor.

Sun, oh Sun. Light shines bright. Tears fall 'til face turns white.

So I stay here standing where you lay, as my years go by recalling my youth of little repute.

[kdram-chjh]

Cdrama: The Unexpected Marriage (2024)

Gifs of Intro of cdrama "The Unexpected Marriage"

ENG SUB 【拂玉鞍 The Unexpected Marriage】 EP01 刘长生遇难被吕敬救下���吕敬巧妙化解刘长生的“刁难”（漆昱辰、吴俊霆）

Watch this video on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrKjbUIWkaA

[addictivecontradiction]

一代宗師, 2013

[niobefurens]

Do Sabre Spirits Count as Yao ?

Niè sabres are not Yào.

A sabre spirit is called 刀灵 = Dāo líng.

灵 = Líng

The primary meaning is spirit; it can also mean bier (= coffin!).

It can be coupled with:

位 = Wèi = bit, digit, figure, location, place, position, seat, throne;

or with 牌 = Pái = card, tablet.

Indicating the funerary tablets kept in the Ancestors Hall.

"地缚灵 = dì fù líng = earth-bound spirit; refers to ghosts who are bound to specific locations on Earth, such as their place of burial, or a place they had a strong attachment to when they were alive."

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_supernatural_beings_in_Chinese_folklore

"While benign ghosts are gui as well, some authors may use 灵魂 (ling hun - souls) to distinguish them from gui, which has a negative connotation."

https://www.tumblr.com/lucifermeo/184695953681/ancient-chinas-fantastic-beasts-and-how-to-call?source=share

妖 = Yao.

"Yao is used to describe things or living beings that can turn into human form. Similar to how humans can cultivate natural energy around us to increase our power/lifespan (see: Mo Dao Zu Shi), there is a belief that other living and non-living beings can cultivate energy to turn themselves into human forms. (As to why they would want to be human, well, we like to think ourselves as the superior existence, heh.)

These human forms then often possess supernatural powers, most likely closely linked to their natural form. For example, a non-sentient tree or rock can cultivate enough to turn into a human if they are placed in a sacred place, or have ‘listened’ to lectures by some masters of cultivation over a long period of time.

A tree that can turn human, for example is called 树妖, shu (tree) yao. Probably the most popular characters in folklore stories is the fox spirit, or kitsune (Japanese), or the 狐妖, hu yao, with 狐 (hu) is a fox.

Aside from the suffix -yao, these types of creatures can be described with the suffix -jing, eg. 狐狸精, 树精. The word jing means to understand, to be aware, ergo fit to describe a yao. The closest translation would probably be the were creatures, werewolf, were-lion, etc. Yao is not infectious though, and it can come from non-living things, like rocks.

Another easy class of creatures to identify is 怪, guai. In everyday, non-fantasy meaning, guai means different, strange. Unsurprisingly, it’s used to described monsters, the most straightforward term I think of. Do note that guai often means monsters that are as different from the human form as possible, aka. think Godzilla, not vampires. They are often not of human origin as well. From the works I have read, guai often don’t possess very varied magical abilities, outside of their immense physical strength and at most 1-2 quirks."

Fun facts:

魔 = Mo

Mo "later evolves to describe “evil” in general. When people are corrupted with thoughts like greed, envy, they are said to develop a 心魔 - xin (heart) mo - literally evil in their hearts. In MDZS, what Nie Mingjue undergoes is called 走火入魔* - zou hua ru mo, which was translated as “qi deviation”. The word mo appears in this phrase, and its linked verb ru mo (to enter/descend to evil)."

Source:

https://www.tumblr.com/lucifermeo/184695953681/ancient-chinas-fantastic-beasts-and-how-to-call?source=share

according to google translate: 走火入魔 means obsession; literally: passing fire into devilry/sorcery.

[nachotrash]

未定的注定 (Undecided Fate) --LYRICS RETRANSLATION + NOTES

A/N: finally, after all these years, I post something that isn't a shitpost. Was chatting with discord friends while playing ToT episode 9 and that one line by luke made me wanna translate this. Uhh, translation notes at the end. Have fun reading and geeking out with me. This is a personal translation of the lyrics of ToT's official theme song

曾是我 寄身在黑暗中 Ceng shi wo ji shen zai hei’an zhong I used to be stuck in the dark 走尽夜路也盼有灯属于我 zou jin ye lu ye pan you deng shuyu wo Walking the night path with a lamp/light of mine 是否等候我的窗将有微光涌动 shifou denghou wo de chuang jiang you wei guang yong dong Whether a (soft) light shimmers through my windows 绽放成你 温热在我手 zhanfang cheng ni wen re zai wo shou Gently blooms into you in my hands

你是未定的希望 ni shi weiding de xiwang You're the undetermined hope 却是注定的光芒 que shi zhuding de guangmang Yet the fated light 照引我的心 zhao yin wo de xin Light up my heart 到黑夜退去 dao heiye tuiqu Retreat into the night

愿我也能温暖你 yuan wo ye neng wennuan ni Hope that I can also warm you up 走向未定的真相 zouxiang weiding de zhenxiang Walking towards the undetermined truth 解除命运的捆绑 jiechu mingyun de kunbang Untie the restraints of life's path 无所畏惧和你相倚 wu suo weiju he ni xiang yi Fearlessly lean on eachother with you

在余生每个黎明 zai yusheng mei ge liming At dawn, for the rest of our lives 你是谜 封锁住我眼眸 ni shi mi fengsuo zhu wo yan mou You're the riddle that locked my eyes shut 你是意义占据我所思���有 ni shi yiyi zhanju wo suo si suoyou You're the reason occupying all my thoughts 你是未定的美好我开始猜不透 ni shi weiding di meihao wo kaishi cai bu tou You're the indetermined perfection that I can't figure out

现在我才懂 为何萦梦 xianzai wo cai dong weihe ying meng Only now have I realized why we dream 你是未定的希望 ni shi weiding de xiwang You're the undetermined hope 却是注定的光芒 que shi zhuding de guangmang Yet the fated light 照引我的心 zhao yin wo de xin Light up my heart

走向未定的真相 zouxiang weiding de zhenxiang Walking towards the undetermined truth 解除命运的捆绑 jiechu mingyun de kunbang Untie the restraints of life's path 无所畏惧和你相倚 wu suo weiju he ni xiang yi Fearlessly lean on eachother with you 在余生每个黎明 zai yusheng mei ge liming At dawn, for the rest of our lives

已注定 yi zhuding Already fated

你是未定的希望 ni shi weiding de xiwang You're the undetermined hope

却是注定的光芒 que shi zhuding de guangmang Yet the fated light 照引我的心 zhao yin wo de xin Light up my heart 到黑夜退去 dao heiye tuiqu Retreat into the night 愿我也能温暖你 yuan wo ye neng wen nuan ni Hope that I can also warm you up

走向未定的真相 zouxiang weiding de zhenxiang Walking towards the undetermined truth 解除命运的捆绑 jiechu mingyun de kunbang Untie the restraints of life's path 无所畏惧和你相倚 wu suo weiju he ni xiang yi Fearlessly lean on eachother with you 在余生每个黎明 zai yusheng mei ge liming At dawn, for the rest of our lives 已注定 yi zhuding Already fated

NOTES:

绽放 specifically means the opening of the flower petals when a flower blooms Also MC is very flower-coded (rosa) So i thought that was a nice detail

Now the "warming up" specifically means the type of comforting warmth that campfires or torches will give you on a cold dark night

解除 (untie) could possibly be a reference to how the NXX investigation gets more and more complicated, with an overwhelming amount of cases practically "tangled up" in eachother, so you're slowly picking it apart one by one with the team (aka your soulmates)

Also I specifically used "lifes path" for 命运 because that phrase is only used to talk about the course of a persons life, aka the events/path that life has laid down for you (your canon events, if you will)

意义 means like, the significance, meaning or reason/motivation behind someone's actions, but idk how to translate that

黎明 was hard to translate, cause it can mean both dawn and dusk, or any time of day (altho dawn and dusk are the most used, hehe crepusculum and diluculum) but it basically mean that the two relies on eachother every single day for the rest of their lives

A/N: That's it! Hope this was comprehensible to read

[devosopmaandag]

Ontmoeting

“Toen L één was zette zijn grootmoeder hem op het gras en legde een aantal dingen om hem heen, een stuk fruit, een vulpen, een speelgoedpistool, een munt, een ambtenarenstempel, een hamertje een een plaatje van een mooie vrouw, om eens te kijken waar zijn hart naar uit zou gaan. Tot haar grote teleurstelling pakte de zuigeling die L nog was zonder aarzeling het plaatje en liet het niet meer los, bestudeerde het zelfs van beide kanten.”, lees ik in 'Notities van een theoreticus', de roman van Shi Tisheng*. “Een vrouwengek, nou, gelukkig maar dat hij niet ook nog die stempel heeft gepakt, die twee dingen bij elkaar was pas echt ellende geweest!”, verzucht ze.

Als de huidige Dalai Lama drie is komt na een lange en uiterst ingewikkelde procedure een groep lama's aan bij het nederige dorpshuis van zijn ouders in het noorden van Tibet. Alle tekenen wijzen erop dat daar de reïncarnatie van de gestorven dertiende Dalai Lama te vinden zal zijn. Ze leggen een reeks voorwerpen die de gestorven dalai lama toebehoorden voor het kind neer, vermengd met voorwerpen die dat niet waren. De kleine Lhamo Thondup koos zonder aarzelen de juiste objecten en riep steeds: van mij, van mij! En zo werd hij de veertiende Dalai Lama.

Wat zijn we in het Westen ver verwijderd geraakt van een 'symbolische' omgang met de dingen om ons heen. En waar voorwerpen die potentie nog wel hebben, lijkt het gebruik eerder een soort tegen beter weten in, een spel, goed voor een glimlach, een welwillende blijk van erkenning dat de traditie ooit bestaan heeft. De enige voorwerpen die wel zo worden gezien zijn erfstukken, maar dan geldt uitsluitend het persoonlijke. Soms gebeurt er iets tussen jezelf en een object. Bijna dertig jaar geleden was er een goudbeschilderde houten doos.

Strovuur

Edinburgh, maart, ik loop door de Candlemaker

Row, passeer een raam, duister, volgestouwd.

Daar, zachtgoudglanzend linksboven

een gouden doos

in mijn oog, roept: wacht, zie mij,

koop mij.

Ik open de deur, een stem groet, ik schraap mijn keel,

hoeveel? Ik houd hem in mijn hand en wik en

neem hem, brandt hij in mijn rugzak.

Leith Walk, thuis, waar muren roodpaars gloeien

in het late zonlicht van voorbij de Firth of Forth,

zet ik hem neer, glanst hij en zegt:

Kijk naar mij, neem mij.

En ik kijk, kijk mijn ogen uit, wil hem bezitten –

maar bezit hem al.

Neem mij, eet mij, fluistert hij, maar pas op!

En dus blijf ik staan, gevangen

in het late zonlicht van voorbij de Firth of Forth.

Mijn ogen mijn tong, mijn hersenen mijn mond,

neem ik, proef ik, kauw ik, slik ik – telekinese.

Aan schoonheid kan men zich branden, weten mannen.

Ik vrouw rek de tijd, houd de adem in.

Schaduwen kruipen over muren, souffleren mij:

Acht, zeven, zes, vijf, vier, drie, twee,

ik,

ding,

tussen dingen,

in dit ene ene leven.

* Notities van een theoreticus | Shi Tisheng | vertaling Mark Leenhouts | Uitgeverij Van Oorschot 2023

[fourseasonsfigs]

Junzhe Extended Universe (JZEU) Fig Index

These figs celebrate the acting and filming history of both Zhang Zhehan and Gong Jun. I've noted the character(s) in italics next to each post for easy searching. I'll also add a character listing for each actor at the bottom of the post since it's easy to get individual characters mixed up (at least by me!)

Part 3

Yuechu with Peach - Dongfang Yuechu

Chulian on Lake - Dongfang Yuechu & Qing Lian

Xu Si is Rising with the Wind (Handcrafted) - Xu Si

Part 2

Pearl of the East China Sea - (young) Lin Shu

Home Country World - Han Ye

Your Highness, Calm Down - Han Ye

No Regrets - Han Ye

Masked Prince - Han Ye

White and Gold Han Ye - Han Ye

Black and Gold Han Ye - Han Ye

Long Feiye Motioning his Guard Forward - Long Feiye

Meet Han Ye in the Rain (Official) - Han Ye

I See You Han Ye (Official) - Han Ye

Niuniu Wants to Fight - Xu Jin

Prince Han Ye (Handcrafted) - Han Ye

Little Sugar Man - Zhong Wumei

Little Daoist Priest - Dongfang Yuechu

Niuniu with Bun - Xu Jin

Little Jade Daoist - Dongfang Yuechu

Moonlight Night - Long Feiye

Yuechu Yin Yang Landscape Figures - Dongfang Yuechu

Small Winecup Qinglian - Xiao-Zhe

Accidental Medical Exam - Lingyue - Ling Rui & Wang Yue

Night Night - Long Feiye

Dongfang Yuechu (Handcrafted) - Dongfang Yuechu

Marilyn Ming Xia - Ming Xia

Battle Damaged Niuniu - Xu Jin

Tianshu Beichen - Dog's Blood Drama - Long Feiye & Han Ye

Daoist Priest with Sugar Gourd - New Year's JZEU Series (13) - Dong Fang Yuechu

Fifth Sister - Zhong Wumei

Prince Rich - Han Ye

Princess Xixi - Xia Yanxi

Incomparably Beautiful Hair - New Year's JZEU Series (12) - Ji Fa

Peerless Little Prince - New Year's JZEU Series (11) - Zhong Wumei

Master Gong Xue - New Year's JZEU Series (10) - Wei Ying

Spicy Police Flower - New Year's JZEU Series (9) - Huang Weiping

Part 1

Early Mid-Autumn Festival: Moon Rabbit Lantern Daoist - Dong Fang Yuechu

Clever Little Daoist - Dong Fang Yuechu

Cool Little Daoist - Dong Fang Yuechu

Zhongpei - Zhong Wumei & Pei Yuntian

The Bravest - For Your Safety - Zheng Zhi

The Flaming Heart - I'm Always Here - Huo Yan

Lingyue Love at First Sight - Ling Rui & Wang Yue

Early Mid-Autumn Festival: Sweet Tangyuan Little Daoist - Dongfang Yuechu

Genius Investor - Xu Si

Xiao Yue is Coming - Wang Yue

Ink and Wash Daoist Priest - Dongfang Yuechu

Niuniu Flying a Kite - Xu Jin

War-Damaged Prince - Han Ye

Bright Boy - (young) Lin Shu

Firefighter Huo Yan - Huo Yan

Graceful Prince - Han Ye

Don't Go to Work, I'll Take Care of You - Zhao Fanzhou & Zhang Min

Minguo Military Husbands - Ming Xia & Fang Yan

Han Ye with Sword - Han Ye

XuXu - Xu Jin & Xu Si

Irregular Daoist - Dongfang Yuechu

A-Han and Xiao-Zhe Drinking Wine - A-Han & Xiao-Zhe

A-Han and Da Shixiong - A-Han & Da Shixiong

Pajama Party - Fang Yan (cross posted from Junzhe fig index)

Tanghulu Niuniu - New Year's JZEU Series (2) - Xu Jin

Xue Shao - New Year's JZEU Series (1) - Xue Shao

Xiaohui Lang - Xu Jin

Jade Waist Slave - Xue Shao

Han Ye and Ji Fa Hidden Knife - Han Ye & Ji Fa

Han Ye and Xu Jin Battle Couple - Han Ye & Xu Jin

Lingyue - Teddy Bear - Ling Rui & Wang Yue

Lingyue - Delivery - Ling Rui & Wang Yue

Hamburger Xu Si - Xu Si

Bedtime Game - Fang Yan (cross posted from Junzhe fig index)

Firefighters - Huo Yan & Zheng Zhi

Fat Head Qinglian - Xiao-Zhe

Sweet Shenping - Lin Shen & Huang Weiping

Prince Han Ye on Horseback - Han Ye

Luminous Club - Fang Yan & Gu Chijun

Here's the listings of the TV series / films for each actor, followed by the character played. Thanks to Wikipedia for basic information as well as general Google and Twitter searching.

Character List - Zhang Zhehan

Why Love You: Xia Yanxi

Ni Shi Hen Mei: Xiao Zhi

Love For Hope: Zou Xiang

Eager to Create: Ah Le

Haunting Love: Li Ming Yan

Crazy for Palace: Xiao Hao

Palace 3: The Lost Daughter: Sun Heli

Incisive Great Teacher: Jin Renbin

Cosmetology High: Pei Yuntian

The Romance of the Condor Heroes: Ye Lu Qi

Crazy for Palace 2: Xiao Hao

Love YunGe from the Desert: Liu Xu

Nirvana in Fire: (young) Lin Shu

Ban Shu Legend: Wei Ying

ACG Hero: Zhang Wei

Decoded: Han Bing

Demon Girl (I and II): Ming Xia

Happy Mitan: (cameo) Dian Xiaoer

Above the Clouds: Ke Luo

Legend of Yunxi: Long Feiye

The Bravest: Zheng Zhi

Brother (short film): Wang Yue

Chang Dao Bing Cha (short film): Xiao Fei

Mi Fang (short film): Xiao Fei

Mian Ju (short film): Xiao Fei / Xue Shao

Everyone Wants to Meet You: Zhang Min

The Blooms at Ruyi Pavilion: Xu Jin

Word of Honor: Zhou Zishu

1921: Xiao Zisheng

(TBD) The Second Sight Fall in Love: Yang Jingyi

(TBD) Castle in the Time: Gu Chijun

(TBD) Zhao Ge: Ji Fa

(TBD) Retro Detective: Huang Weiping

Character List - Gong Jun

Sword Chaos: Bi Lu

Lost Love in Times: Yuan Che

Advance Bravely: Xia Yao

Unique Lady (I & II): Zhong Wumei

Flavor It’s Yours: Lu Weixun

The Love Equations: Zhao Fanzhou

Begin Again: Ling Rui

Word of Honor: Wen Kexing

The Player: Ren Yixia

The Flaming Heart: Huo Yan

Shining Like You: Fang Yan

Dream Garden: Lin Shen

Legend of Anle: Han Ye

Rising with the Wind: Xu Si

Fox Spirit Matchmaker: Yue Hong: Dongfang Yuechu

[go back to Master Fig Index]

[tavina-writes]

Chinese has some great idioms and I wish I could identify where I used them more in my writing because I just use them!

One of my favorites has got to be 人走茶凉 - ren zou cha liang - "people leave and tea gets cold/tea grows cold when people leave," referring to how relationships dim/lessen when not in frequent contact.

or 水落石出 - shui luo shi chu - "the water level drops and the rocks are exposed" which in english translates most closely to "the truth will out"

there's others, I just don't quite remember including them anywhere on purpose.

Stage 1: using your native language's idioms in English out of habit/lack of knowledge

Stage 2: using English idioms as much as you can to prove that you're good at English

Stage 3: using your native language's idioms in English because they fuck actually

[drmikewatts]

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Author(s): Yingbai Hu, Wei Zhou, Yueyue Liu, Minghao Zeng, Weiping Ding, Shu Li, Guoxin Li, Zheng Li, Alois Knoll

Pages: 3559 - 3575

30)Energy-Efficient and Interpretable Multisensor Human Activity Recognition via Deep Fused Lasso Net

Author(s): Yu Zhou, Jingtao Xie, Xiao Zhang, Wenhui Wu, Sam Kwong

Pages: 3576 - 3588

31)A Novel Dual-Stage Evolutionary Algorithm for Finding Robust Solutions

Author(s): Wei Du, Wenxuan Fang, Chen Liang, Yang Tang, Yaochu Jin

Pages: 3589 - 3602

32)Efficient Processing of Spiking Neural Networks via Task Specialization

Author(s): Muath Abu Lebdeh, Kasim Sinan Yildirim, Davide Brunelli

Pages: 3603 - 3613

33)Multi-Relation Augmentation for Graph Neural Networks

Author(s): Shunxin Xiao, Huibin Lin, Jianwen Wang, Xiaolong Qin, Shiping Wang

Pages: 3614 - 3627

34)Robust Evolving Fuzzy Classifier Integrating Noise Smoothing and Soft Dimension Reduction

Author(s): Edwin Lughofer, Igor Škrjanc

Pages: 3628 - 3642

35)Co-Occurrence Relationship Driven Hierarchical Attention Network for Brain CT Report Generation

Author(s): Xiaodan Zhang, Shixin Dou, Junzhong Ji, Ying Liu, Zheng Wang

Pages: 3643 - 3653

36)Adversarial Examples Detection With Bayesian Neural Network

Author(s): Yao Li, Tongyi Tang, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Thomas C. M. Lee

Pages: 3654 - 3664

37)From Concept to Instance: Hierarchical Reinforced Knowledge Graph Reasoning

Author(s): Cheng Yan, Feng Zhao, Yudong Zhang

Pages: 3665 - 3677

38)FedSG: A Personalized Subgraph Federated Learning Framework on Multiple Non-IID Graphs

Author(s): Yingcheng Wang, Songtao Guo, Dewen Qiao, Guiyan Liu, Mingyan Li

Pages: 3678 - 3690

39)PATReId: Pose Apprise Transformer Network for Vehicle Re-Identification

Author(s): Rishi Kishore, Nazia Aslam, Maheshkumar H. Kolekar

Pages: 3691 - 3702

40)Predicting Citywide Crowd Flows in Critical Areas Based on Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Network

Author(s): Heli Sun, Ruirui Xue, Tingting Hu, Tengfei Pan, Liang He, Yuan Rao, Zhi Wang, Yingxue Wang, Yuan Chen, Hui He

Pages: 3703 - 3715

41)MFLink: User Identity Linkage Across Online Social Networks via Multimodal Fusion and Adversarial Learning

Author(s): Shudong Li, Danna Lu, Qing Li, Xiaobo Wu, Shumei Li, Zhen Wang

Pages: 3716 - 3725

[gymnasticscoaching]

Chinese MAG Olympic Team

Zou JingyuanZhang BohengLiu YangXiao RuotengSun Wei Alternates: You HaoLan XingyuSu WeideShi Cong Shi Cong was National Champion this year. Depth

[kdram-chjh]

Cdrama: The Unexpected Marriage (2024)

Gifs of Ending of cdrama "The Unexpected Marriage"

ENG SUB 【拂玉鞍 The Unexpected Marriage】 EP01 刘长生遇难被吕敬救下，吕敬巧妙化解刘长生的“刁难”（漆昱辰、吴俊霆）

Watch this video on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrKjbUIWkaA

[crunch2time]

Do rich countries spend more or less oil? Is economic growth inevitably linked to higher petrol consumption? And, which populations seem to live longer, those depending more on oil or the others?

Looking at socio-economic indicators in the GapMinder report, I became interested in the connection between the fossil fuel consumption and development in countries across the globe. Having in mind the high importance of the ongoing environmental debates worldwide, I’m posing the question do the countries with higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita have higher or lower oil consumption per capita. The goal is to check if there is a corelation between economic growth and fossil fuels consumption. 

Also, I would like to put this in the context of life expectancy: the subsequent question is whether the expected length of life is increased in the countries with higher GDP per capita, and how does this corelate with oil consumption. 

My hypothesis is that oil consumption isn't directly related to the country's GDP - those that use most oil per capita can be found both among the richer and among the poorer countries. However, life expectancy can be linked to GDP, but also does not seem to be associated with oil consumption.  

The body of literature consulted for this research focuses mainly on individual countries.  

Zou and Chau (2006) investigate causal relations between oil consumption and growth in China. The corelation is spotted, and the causal effects exist between the two indicators.  

 Looking at developing countries, Alam and Paramati (2015) also detect causalities between financial development and increased fossil fuels consumption, paired with higher pollution and other negative effects. 

Waleed et al. (2018) show the same bidirectional causality on the case of Pakistan. Growth and amounts of oil spent are mutually increasing. A very similar conclusion can be found in the case of Korea, where Yoo (2006) noticed that the two indicators are mutually motivating. The same goes for the study on Nepal, conducted by Prasad Bhusal (2010). 

As for a European overview, Zikovic and Vlahinic-Dizdarevic (2015) discover two groups of states: one in which increased use of oil contributed to development and the other with the opposite direction of causality, where economic growth was boosting oil consumption. 

The latter conclusion is found also in Jin et al. (2016), based on the study on Ecuador – whether more oil was used or not, didn’t seem to affect economic growth, while development could trigger a higher consumption. 

These findings also have policy and environmental implications, because states in which the oil consumption does not influence growth are more at liberty to limit the amount of oil spent by their respective populations. 

 To the contrary, where oil consumption affects growth proportionally, it is unpopular and potentially impossible to limit the oil intake, such as in Iran, as shown by Yazdan et al. (2016). 

Iran is in a specific situation, being one of the world’s largest oil producers. This category in especially interesting and Dolgopolova and Hye (2012) have looked at non-Opec producers and discovered strong long-run connection between the indicators. 

Countries without oil resources tend to have no relation between oil consumption and growth, as Adekoya established (2021). Oil-rich countries, nevertheless, have a long-term relation between the two. 

Finally, in the United States, there seems to have happened a turning point in the 2000s. While there had been a mutual causality un until 1990s, more recent studies have found that growth influences consumption of oil, while the latter stopped having influence on development. This is part of a research conducted by Arora and Shi (2016). 

Based on the above, a hypothesis can be drawn that the global overview of the GapMinder data will not necessarily show the direct co-existence of higher GDP and oil consumption.  

List of sources: 

Adekoya, O.B (2021) Revisiting oil consumption-economic growth nexus: Resource-curse and scarcity tales, Resources Policy, Vol. 70.  

Alam, Md. S., & Paramati, S. R. (2015). Do oil consumption and economic growth intensify environmental degradation? Evidence from developing economies. Applied Economics, 47(48), 5186–5203. 

Arora, V., & Shi, S. (2016). Energy consumption and economic growth in the United States. Applied Economics, 48(39), 3763–3773. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1145347 

Bashiri Behmiri, N, and Ramos Pires Manso, J. (2016) The linkage between crude oil consumption and economic growth in Latin America: The panel framework investigations for multiple regions, Energy, Volume 72, Pages 233-241 

Dolgopolova, I and Hye, Q.A.M (2012) Energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from non-OPEC oil producing states, Quality and Quantity, Vol. 48, pages 887-898 

Gaolu Zou, K.W. Chau, Short- and long-run effects between oil consumption and economic growth in China, Energy Policy, Volume 34, Issue 18, 2006, Pages 3644-3655  

Jin, S. J., Lim, S. Y., & Yoo, S. H. (2016). Causal relationship between oil consumption and economic growth in Ecuador. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 11(9), 782–787. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2013.790520 

Prasad Bhusal, T. (2010) Econometric Analysis of Oil Consumption and Economic Growth in Nepal, Economic Journal of Development Issues, Vol. 11 & 12, No. 1-2, pages 135-143 

Waleed, A., Akhtar, A., & Pasha, A. T. (2018). Oil consumption and economic growth: Evidence from Pakistan. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 13(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2017.1354100 

Yazdan, G. F, Hossein, S.S.M (2021) Causality between Oil Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran: An Ardl Testing Approach, Asian Economic and Financial Review 2(6):678-686 

Yoo, S. H. (2006). Oil Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Korea. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 1(3), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/009083190881599 

Žiković, S., & Vlahinic-Dizdarević, N. (2011). Oil Consumption and Economic Growth Interdependence in Small European Countries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 24(3), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2011.11517465 

[levisgeekstuff]

Shi: European No Tour Edition

Shi in het Nederlands? 😮 Het is te zeggen. In 1996 zou Shi bedenker William (Billy) Tucci naar een stripbeurs in Nederland komen. Voor die gelegenheid werd een speciale ‘European no Tour’ editie uitgebracht van nummer 10 met een Nederlandstalige cover, 'Shi: De weg van de strijder', én een handtekening van Tucci. De rest van de comic is wel gewoon in het Engels.

En Tucci? Die is uiteindelijk niet naar de stripbeurs kunnen komen 🙈

[captainmdhridoyhossain-blog]

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[cfensi]

Promo Round-up: Love In Between

Promo Round-up: Love In Between #张耀 #张雅钦

Love In Between 少年游之一寸相思 stars Zhang Yao (The Best of You in My Mind) and Zhang Yaqin (King of Land Battle) as the leads, and the teaser looks like it’ll have a good mix of romance, political intrigue and wulin conspiracy. [Extended Synopsis]

The 43 episode drama releases 2 episodes every Mon-Wed on Youku beginning tomorrow night.

Opening MV by Wang Xi and Xianzi, Ending MV by Huo Zun, Roma…

[shirou-oh-sakura]

Accompanying art for Twinsies fic by DancingBloomTKA , for QZGS Big Bang 2019 organised by Glory Pro Alliance ~

-My 2nd colored artwork for TKA /(U///U)\