#usman malik

[have-you-read-this-short-fiction]

"City of Red Midnight: A Hikayat" is available to read here (NOTE: Submitter has added TWs for depictions of spousal abuse and misogyny in this text. Read at your own risk.)

[goosemixtapes]

max's favorite short stories & articles!

to be updated as i read new things! "articles" could be anything from political points to philosophical musings to fascinating stories. obligatory statement that i don't necessarily agree with everything in every one of these stories/articles, but i think about them a lot and want to share :)

short stories

Avi Cantor Has Six Months To Live by Sacha Lamb (@kuttithevangu) (novella) (so says the writing on the bathroom mirror. of gender & judaism & magic and t4t trans guys. cw for suicidal ideation and bullying)

Epistolary by Sascha Lamb ("The [stuffed] frog you are selling on your blog is MINE and he is NOT HAUNTED and his name is MOSHE not BILLY HOPPER.")

Chokechain by Andrew Joseph White (a trans man discovers his parents have replaced him with a robot version of his pretransition self. cw for transphobia and violence)

Sandrine by Alexandra Munck (the tagline for this one is "I dated a sun god in college" but that doesn't do justice to the sheer concept here please read this)

You Wouldn't Have Known About Me by Calvin Gimpelevich (set in a hospital ward where patients are recovering from gender-confirming surgery)

No Flight Without the Shatter by Brooke Bolander (novella) ("After the world’s end, the last young human learns a final lesson from Earth’s remaining animals." cw for climate change/extinction)

And You Shall Know Her By The Trail Of Dead by Brooke Bolander (what if you had to death-match-fight a virtual version of yourself at your meanest made by your boyfriend whose life you're trying to save would that be fucked up or what. cws for guns and violence)

Hell is the Absence of God by Ted Chiang (stories that clock you in the fucking teeth in the religious trauma.)

A Serpent for Each Year by Tamara Jerée (microfiction) ("Our relationship is almost a year old when I ask Nal why she is covered in snakes." cw for animal death)

The Front Line by W.C. Dunlap (microfiction) (cited as one of the world's finest attention-grabber openings. cws for police brutality, racism, and SA)

Welcome to Your Authentic Indian Experience by Rebecca Roanhorse (step into the simulation and gain an authentic experience! cws for anti-Native racism and alcohol)

The Husband Stitch by Carmen Maria Machado (one of the best stories ever written. once there was a girl with a green ribbon around her neck...)

City of Red Midnight by Usman T. Malik (a chronicle of nested stories-within-stories, set in old fantasy pakistan, inverting a myth from the one hundred and one nights)

We Work In Miraculous Cages by Brenda Peynado (following a college grad drowning in loans through the nightmare of neverending work)

Other Worlds and This One by Cadwell Turnbull (a brotherly relationship collides with a theory about atomic particles, space, and time)

And Then There Were (N-One) by Sarah Pinsker (a convention of alternate-universe selves--all Sarah Pinskers--becomes a murder mystery)

Fandom For Witches by Ruoxi Chen (fuck every other thing ever written about fandom)

Haunted Home by Conrad Loyer ("The ship features a recreation of a slave ship’s hold. The cruise prides itself on it. It is not a good recreation, if the metric is realism.")

articles & essays

Lockhart's Lament (on how math is taught in schools. that is, badly. one of the most cathartic essays i've ever read on education)

Against Cop Shit by Jeffrey Moro (on adversarial education)

Debunking "Trans Women Are Not Women" Arguments by Julia Serano (comprehensive, well-written, good to have as a reference point)

On Liking Women by Andrea Long Chu (and on the politics of desire)

Turning a Unicorn Into a Bat by Josh and Lolly Weed (on Mormonism, love, and whether a gay man and a straight woman can marry happily. cw for homophobia)

Laziness Does Not Exist by Devon Price (musings on motivation from a social psychologist and professor)

How Millennials Became the Burnout Generation by Anne Helen Peterson (how come everything happens so much?)

White Women Drive Me Crazy by Aisha Mirza (on the harm caused by white women. cw for racism)

Everything You Know About Obesity Is Wrong by Michael Hobbes (should be required reading for everyone at this point. cw for fatphobia and eating disorders)

Becoming Anne Frank by Dara Horn (on the cultural fascination with Anne Frank. cw for antisemitism)

The Ecstasy of Influence by Jonathan Lethem ([on/a] plagiarism)

On the Ethics of Boinking Animal People by Patricia Taxxon (video essay) (ostensibly what the title says, but actually a detailed musing on the essential properties of furry media and the freedom of dehumanization; changed my life a bit)

[gebo4482]

THE GLASSWORKER | Official English Trailer

Dir: Usman Riaz Star: Art Malik / Sacha Dhawan / Anjli Mohindra

Website

[witchyfashion]

With a breathtaking array of original stories from around the world, P. Djèlí Clark, Amal El Mohtar, Garth Nix, Darcie Little Badger, Sheree Renée Thomas, and two dozen other fantasy and science fiction geniuses bring a new and exciting twist to one of the most beloved figures in fiction, witches, in never-before-seen works written exclusively for The Book of Witches, compiled by award-winning editor Jonathan Strahan and illustrated by award-nominated artist Alyssa Winans.

Witches! Whether you know them from Shakespeare or from Wicked, there is no staple more beloved in folklore, fairy tale, or fantasy than these magical beings. Witches are everywhere, and at the heart of stories that resonate with many people around the world. This dazzling, otherworldly collection gathers new stories of witches from all walks of life, ensuring a Halloween readers will never forget. Whether they be maiden, mother, crone, or other; funny, fierce, light and airy, or dark and disturbing; witches are a vital part of some of the greatest stories we have, and new ones start here!

Bringing together twenty-nine stories and poems from some of the greatest science fiction and fantasy writers working today, including three tales from a BIPOC-only open submission period, The Book of Witches features Linda Addison, C.L. Clark, P Djeli Clark, Indrapramit Das, Amal El Mohtar, Andrea Hairston, Millie Ho, Saad Hossain, Kathleen Jennings, Alaya Dawn Johnson, Cassandra Khaw, Fonda Lee, Darcie Little Badger, Ken Liu, Usman T. Malik, Maureen F. McHugh, Premee Mohamed, Garth Nix, Tobi Ogundiran, Tochi Onyebuchi, Miyuki Jane Pinckard, Kelly Robson, Angela Slatter, Andrea Stewart, Emily Teng, Sheree Renée Thomas, Tade Thompson, and E. Lily Yu—and contains illustrations from three-time Hugo award-nominated artist Alyssa Winans throughout. This extraordinary anthology vividly breathes life into one of the most captivating and feared magical sorceresses and will become a treasured keepsake for fans of fantasy, science fiction, and fairy tales everywhere.

https://amzn.to/48Loftf

[briankeene]

The End of the World as We Know It: Tales of Stephen King’s The Stand

I am pleased to finally be able to announce THE END OF THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT: TALES OF STEPHEN KING'S THE STAND, edited by myself and Christopher Golden -- an original short story anthology based on the highly influential and seminal work of apocalyptic fiction and good versus evil; featuring an introduction from Stephen King himself and new fiction from a world ravaged by the virus "Captain Trips" and the minds of Josh Malerman, Paul Tremblay, Richard Chizmar, S. A. Cosby, Tananarive Due, Alma Katsu, Caroline Kepnes, Michael Koryta, Joe R. Lansdale, Maurice Broaddus and Wayne Brady, Bryan Smith, Somer Canon, Hailey Piper, Jonathan Janz, V. Castro, Bev Vincent, David J. Schow, Gabino Iglesias, Meg Gardiner, Usman T. Malik, Cynthia Pelayo, Catriona Ward and many, many, many others. (Chris and I had the idea to make the anthology as big as the novel — I’m not going to list everyone because I want you guys to have more surprises between now and the release).

Thanks to Stephen King for entrusting Chris and I with this task. Honestly, we didn’t think you’d say “Do it!” nor did we think you’d say it so enthusiastically. You rock.

Now, since this announcement there have been many questions. With the understanding that for most of this past year, Chris and I have been working behind the scenes to make this happen, there is still a lot that we can’t say. But I will try to answer some of the more common questions here — from one Constant Reader to the other Constant Readers — and at more length than I have on social media.

Q: Who is the publisher? A: Gallery Books - a division of Simon & Schuster

Q: When will the book be available? A: Too early to give a firm date. My best guess is that it will be up for preorder around this time next year, with an early 2025 release date? But that is only my guess and should not be taken as gospel. Could be earlier. Could be later.

Q: If it won’t be out until then, why announce it now, you jerks? A: Because it’s been a crap year for many, and we thought perhaps horror fans and Stephen King fans could use a little bit of good news to brighten their days. Our apologies for trying to make things better.

Q: Will there be foreign language editions? A: Almost certainly.

Q: Will there be a signed, limited edition? A: It is too early to say. Keep in mind, we have not released the full list of contributors, but this is going to be a BIG book. Signature sheets would be a massive undertaking, as would production and printing costs. There are several small presses who could handle that. But that’s not something that is currently in the works. It has taken us most of the year just to get the line-up and the initial contracts sorted out.

Q: Are you open to submissions? A: We are not. And sadly, for those of you who sent us stuff yesterday when you saw this announcement, those were all deleted unread, for legal reasons. Our sincere apologies.

Q: Will you and Chris have stories in the book? A: No. Like we did with THE DRIVE-IN: MULTIPLEX, Chris and I don’t want to take up slots and space that could go to one of our peers. As we did on that anthology, we will simply serve as editors, and will guide and shape the overall project. Sure, we’d kill to write a story set in the world of THE STAND, but that wouldn’t be the right thing to do.

Q: Wayne Brady the comedian? A: Yes, Wayne Brady the comedian.

I think that takes care of most of the common questions. And now you all know why I’ve been singing “Among the Living” by Anthrax for most of 2023…

[queer-book-society]

Title: Other Terrors

Author(s): Tananarive Due, Jennifer McMahon, S.A. Cosby, Stephen Graham Jones, Alma Katsu, Michael Thomas Ford, Ann Dávila Cardinal, Christina Sng, Denise Dumars, Usman T. Malik, Annie Neugebauer, Gabino Iglesias, Hailey Piper, Nathan Carson, Shanna Heath, Tracy Cross, Linda D. Addison, Maxwell I. Gold, Larissa Glasser, Eugen Bacon, Holly Lyn Walrath, Jonathan Lees, M. E. Bronstein, Michael Hanson

Description: In Other Terrors, horror writers from a multitude of underrepresented backgrounds have created stories of everyday people, places, and things where something shifts, striking a deeper, much more primal, chord of fear. Are our eyes playing tricks on us, or is there something truly sinister lurking under the surface of what we thought we knew? And who among us is really the other, after all?

[lightdancer1]

Usman dan Fodio is a fairly typical kind of figure in Islamic history:

It should be noted further on those same lines that Usman dan Fodio is a very typical figure in Islamic history. The self-proclaimed reformer renewing the state against the loathsome semi-godless hedonists of the settled cities with all the wealth, proclaiming himself the renewer and restorer of the Ummah. He builds an army from a group of otherwise-divided tribal structures, creating states more or less ex nihilo, and proving a highly efficient warlord, if somewhat limited in any other factor of state-building. This pattern of states ex nihilo sees the newly empowered army smash and butcher and burn everything in its path, creating a new domain and a new dynasty atop the legacy of older ones.

This, in so many words, is the history of how the Sokoto Caliphate was formed, and its mirrors are legion, including ISIS in modern times, Tamerlane in Central Asia, Shah Ismail I and his equivalents in the Ottoman Empire's earliest days, Malik-Shah and Alp Arslan of the Seljuk Sulanate, and so on.

[kelcipher]

"Qualia Nous" by Michael Bailey, Usman T. Malik, Rena Mason, Gary A. Braunbeck, Lucy A. Snyder, Emily B. Cataneo, Patrick Freivald, Elizabeth Massie, Gene O'Neill, William F. Nolan.

Start reading it for free: https://a.co/aJH0O3K

[have-you-read-this-short-fiction]

"#Spring Love, #Pichal Pairi" is available to read here

[goosemixtapes]

max's may 2024 reads

they let me out of finals so i went fucking crazy this month

fiction

#Spring Love, #Pichal Pairi by Usman T. Malik

Her Body and Other Parties by Carmen Maria Machado (review)

City of Red Midnight: A Hikayat by Usman T. Malik (review)

the first half of The Golden Compass by Philip Pullman

The Rock Eaters by Brenda Peynado (review)

Other Worlds and This One by Cadwell Turnbull

Two Truths and a Lie by Sarah Pinsker

Piranesi by Susanna Clark (review)

Ambient and Isolated Effects of Fine Particulate Matter by Emery Robin

nonfiction

the latter half of Cultish by Amanda Montell (review)

Napoleon: A Very Short Introduction by David A. Bell (reread)

the first half of Why Does He Do That? by Lundy Bancroft

On Writing and the Business of Writing by Carmen Maria Machado

In the Dream House by Carmen Maria Machado (review)

A Suspense Novelist's Trail of Deceptions by Ian Parker

plays i read at my girlfriend's house

Iphigenia and The Furies (On Taurian Land) & Antigone by Ho Ka Kei (review)

As You Like It: A Radical Retelling by Cliff Cardinal (review)

Beautiful Man & Other Short Plays by Erin Shields (review)

If We Were Birds by Erin Shields (review)

misc

episodes 3.20-3.31 of Mike Duncan's Revolutions podcast

[reach2world-uae]

Canada Success Story - Visit Visa - Malik Usman - Pakistan National - No Travel History - Single

In this video, we will share the success story of Mr. Malik Usman, who recently got their visit visa with the help of Reach2World. He is from Pakistan and for a few months ago he was searching for the best consultant for a visa but after so many searches finally he got their visit visa with the help of Reach2World.

[rg060295]

This list includes a list of 5 anthologies coming out between now, and the end of the year! I am based in the UK and therefore all dates and relevant links I have found reflect this!

In These Hallowed Halls: A Dark Academia Anthology

Published by Titian Books on September 12th 

Look I have not really enjoyed any dark academia I have read, nor have read from any of these authors so this is a risky choice. However, this is the season for dark academia and I am intrigued. This collection of 12 stories includes well known authors of the genre (sub genre?) Olivie Blake & M.L. Rio as well as David Bell, Susie Yang, Layne Fargo, J.T. Ellison, James Tate Hill, Kelly Andrew, Phoebe Qynne, Kate Weinberg, Helen Grant & Tori Bovalino. 

Goodreads // Storygraph // Amazon //

Peach Pit 

Published by Dzanc Books on September 12th 

A collection of 16 stories about and following unlikeable, unhinged and monstrous women. Which basically sums up some of my favourite types of short story collections. With story description makes it sound similar to other collections such as Out There with a bit of Cursed Bunny. Edited by Molly Llewllyn and Kristel Buckly featuring stories from; Lauren Groff, Deesha Philyaw, K-Ming Chang, Megan Giddings, Sarah Rose Etter, Chaya Bhuvaneswar, Alicia Elliott, Chana Porter, Alice Ash, Maisy Card, Vanessa Chan, Chantal V. Johnson, Amada Leduc, Alison Rumfitt, Yah Yah Scholfield & Aliya Whitely.

Goodreads // Storygraph // Amazon //

Mermaids Never Drown 

Published by Titian Press (UK) / Feiwel & Friends (US) on September 26th 

From the team behind Vampires Never Get Old (which you may know about from the Story ‘First Kill’ which became a Netflix show) comes a second Young Adult collection exploring mermaids. Edited again by Zoraida Córdova and Natalie C. Parker and featuring many well known and beloved YA authors such as Darcie Little Badger, Kalynn Bayron, Preeti Chhibber, Rebecca Coffindaffer, Julie C. Dao, Maggie Tokuda-Hall, Adriana Herrera, June Hur, Katherine Locke, Kerri Maniscalco, Julie Murphy, Gretchen Schreiber, and Julian Winters. I am particularly excited to see Darcie Little Badger who I have loved both their long work (Elatose) and their short fiction (in Love Beyond Body Space and Time) and also I am intrigued by June Hur who I have only read Historical mystery work from so this will be a different spin.

Goodreads // Storygraph // Amazon //

Out There Screaming: An Anthology of New Black Horror 

Published by Random House on October 3rd 

An anthology I surprisingly only found out about when putting together this list. Out There Screaming is a collection of stories edited by writer and director Jordan Peele. It is an anthology of ‘all-new stories of Black horror, exploring not only the terrors of the supernatural but the chilling reality of injustice that haunts our nation. Alongside an introduction from Jordan Peele it also features stories by Erin E. Adams, Violet Allen, Lesley Nneka Arimah, Maurice Broaddus, Chesya Burke, P. Djèlí Clark, Ezra Claytan Daniels, Tananarive Due, Nalo Hopkinson, N.K. Jemisin, Justin C. Key, L.D. Lewis, Nnedi Okorafor, Tochi Onyebuchi, Rebecca Roanhorse, Nicole D. Sconiers, Rion Amilcar Scott, Terence Taylor, and Cadwell Turnbull. 

Goodreads // Storygraph // Amazon // Libro.fm //

The Book of Witches 

Published by HarperVoyager on August 1st (US) and October 26th (UK)

Edited by Jonathan Strahan the editor from The Book of Dragons and featuring art from artist Alyssa Winans throughout This is large collection focusing around witches featuring 29 stories and poems from well known contemporary SFF authors; Linda Addison, C.L. Clark, P Djeli Clark, Indrapramit Das, Amal El Mohtar, Andrea Hairston, Millie Ho, Saad Hossain, Kathleen Jennings, Alaya Dawn Johnson, Cassandra Khaw, Fonda Lee, Darcie Little Badger, Ken Liu, Usman T. Malik, Maureen F. McHugh, Premee Mohamed, Garth Nix, Tobi Ogundiran, Tochi Onyebuchi, Miyuki Jane Pinckard, Kelly Robson, Angela Slatter, Andrea Stewart, Emily Teng, Sheree Renée Thomas, Tade Thompson, and E. Lily Yu. This is a must pick up for me for two reasons, I enjoyed reading The Book of Dragons last year, and found some new favourite short stories, and two it includes some of my favourite authors. So even if I only enjoy their stories this would be a win for me!

Goodreads // Storygraph // Amazon // Libro.fm //

[thebestestbat]

i read Other Terrors, which is a horror anthology. my favorite stories were:

Mud Flappers by Usman T Malik. at the same time really chilling and really nice. cannibalism can be nice.

Churn The Unturning Tide by Annie Neugebaur. wow. almost nothing happened in this: nothing big and nothing supernatural. however, HOLY SHIT. i loved it.

Miss Infection USA by Shanna Heath. gross! loved it

Kalkriese by Larissa Glasser. overall a very nice and good story. :>

The Devil Don't Come With Horns by Eugen Bacon. sad :(

The Asylum by Holly Lyn Walrath. also sad :(

What Blood Hath Wrought by S. A. Cosby. really really good

Incident at Bear Creek Lodge by Tananarive Due. expected it to be good and it was

[piyasahaberleri]

CJP Umar Ata Bandial (üstte) ve (soldan sağa) Yargıç Yahya Afridi, Yargıç Ayesha Malik, Yargıç Ijazul Ahsan, Yargıç Munib Akhtar ve Yargıç Mazahar Ali Naqvi. - Yargıtay internet sayfasıPakistan Başsavcısı (AGP) Mansoor Usman Awan Friday, 9 Mayıs'ta askeri yargılanmakta olan zanlılara temyiz hakkı verilmesi mevzusunda netlik için Yüksek Mahkeme'den ek süre istedi.AGP kürsüye hitaben yapmış olduğu konuşmada, "Bu mevzu oldukça dikkatli bir halde ele alınmalı; ülkenin küresel düzeydeki konumu etkilenmeyecek şekilde yapılmalıdır" dedi. Ne kadar zamana gerekseme duyulduğu sorulduğunda, AGP bir ay talep etti.AGP'nin talebi, hükümetin sivilleri askeri mahkemelerde yargılama sonucuna itiraz eden benzer dilekçelerin duruşması esnasında geldi.Pakistan Başyargıcı Umar Ata Bandial, Yargıç Ijazul Ahsan, Yargıç Munib Akhtar, Yargıç Yahya Afridi, Yargıç Seyyid Mazahar Ali Ekber Naqvi ve Yargıç Ayesha Malik'ten oluşan altı üyeli kurul dilekçeleri değerlendiriyor.Ordu Yasasında DeğişimlerDuruşmanın başlangıcında kürsüye çıkan AGP Awan, askeri mahkemelere duyulan ihtiyacı yineledi. Ek olarak, tutuklamaların kapsamlı bir soruşturmadan sonrasında oldukça dikkatli bir halde yapıldığına dair heyete güvence verdi. Ek olarak, Ordu Kanunu'na gore sivil güçlerin disiplinini bozanların kanuna doğal olarak bulunduğunu ileri sürmüştür.Ondan sonra Ordu Yasasında meydana getirilen değişimler hakkında mahkemeye data vermek istediğini söylemiş oldu.Sadece Yargıç Akhtar sordu: "Bir subayı yaralamak, onun görevini yapmasına engel olur mu?"AGP'yi tutarsız ifadelerle de eleştirdi: "Bir taraftan devletin insan haklarının ötesinde yasa çıkaramayacağı belirtiliyor. "Öte taraftan, insan haklarının bu hususi yasada uygulanamayacağını söylüyorsunuz."İddianızın mantığını anlayamıyorum."AGP, "21'inci anayasa değişikliğinden sonrasında sivillerin askeri mahkemelerde yargılanması yasası yürürlüğe girdi." HSK ondan sonra Ordu Yasası değişikliğinden sonrasında sivillerin dahil edilip edilmediğini sordu. AGP, durumun bu şekilde bulunduğunu doğruladı.insan hakları sorusuDuruşma esnasında Yargıç Akhtar, AGP'ye sordu: "Parlamento yarın temel insan haklarını Ordu Yasasına dahil etmek istiyorsa, yapabilir mi?" Başsavcı, "Parlamento yasama yetkisine haizdir" diye cevap verdi.Yargıç Akhtar, "Bu, parlamentonun Ordu Yasası'ndaki temel insan haklarını verme yada vermeme yetkisine haiz olduğu anlamına gelir" dedi."Bugün bir parlamentonun temel hakları askeri eyleme dahil etmesi ve bir sonraki parlamentonun bu tarz şeyleri kaldırması mümkün değil."Yargıç Ahsan, "Ordu Yasası'nın sivillere uygulanması için 21'inci değişim yapılmış oldu" dedi.Bunun üstüne Yargıç Ayesha, 21. anayasa değişikliğinde tavsiye edilen yargılama usulüyle insan haklarının korunduğunu iddia etti.AGP ondan sonra mahkemeye askeri davaların usulü hakkında data vermek istediğini yineledi.Sadece Yargıç Akhtar, "Temel haklar uygulanamazken askeri yargılama usulünü açıklamaya ne gerek var?"Bunun üstüne HSK, AGP'den istediğini söylemesini istedi.Askeri yargılama usulüSadece HSK, yargı bağımsızlığının adaletin temeli bulunduğunu da sözlerine ekledi.Anayasa 2015'te olduğu benzer biçimde rafa kaldırılmayacak dedi."Askeri mahkemenin sonucuna karşı bağımsız bir mahkemeye başvurma hakkı, temel hakların garantisidir" gözleminde bulunmuş oldu.AGP, "Yargılamanın iyi mi yapılacağı mahkemenin önündedir" yanıtını verdi.Prosedürü detaylandırarak, "Askeri mahkemelerde ilk vaka raporu sunulur ve bu raporların ışığında komutan, Soruşturma Mahkemesi'nde vakayla ilgili kapsamlı bir soruşturma yürütür." Soru��turmanın peşinden siviller, Ordu Yasasının 73. ve 76. Maddeleri uyarınca tutuklanabilir.Kanıt özetinin kaydedilmesi esnasında, sanığa çapraz sorgu yapma hakkı verilir ve bundan sonrasında Ordu Yasası'nın 19. Kuralına gore bir suçlama çerçevelenir. AGP, askeri bir yargılama yapmak için üç subaydan oluşan bir heyetin toplandığını belirterek, sanıklara tüm kanıtları ve tanıkları çapraz sorgulama hakkının verildiğini de sözlerine ekledi.Yargıç Afridi ondan sonra sordu: "Bir dava açılıp açılmayacağına bir komutan mı karar veriyor?"AGP, "Askeri bir yargılama esnasında sanıklara avukat tutma hakkı veriliyor." diyerek, sanıkların ek olarak ordunun hukuk şubesinden bir subay yada hususi bir avukat atayabileceğini de sözlerine ekledi."Askeri mahkemelerde sanığa suçu itiraf etme yada reddetme seçeneği sunulur. "Şüphelinin olağan ordu davası, birinin suçu inkar etmesinden sonrasında adım atar."Bir askeri mahkemede, mahkeme başkanı olarak yargılamayı bağımsız olarak denetleyen bir subay atanır.AGP, askeri mahkemelerde yargılanan üç memurun çoğunluğunun kararının nihai bulunduğunu söylemiş oldu.Sanıklar, idam cezasına istinaf mahkemelerinde itiraz edebilirler."Askeri mahkemelerdeki yargılama esnasında sanık bir hukuk danışmanına danışabilir."HSK şu gözlemde bulunmuş oldu: "Askeri mahkemelerde sanıklara kendilerini savunmaları için oldukça azca süre veriliyor." AGP buna karşı çıktı.Dilekçeler 9 Mayıs'ta ülke genelinde patlak veren şiddetli ayaklanmalarla bağlantılı olarak meydana getirilen tutuklamaların peşinden hükümet, askeri birimlere zarar vermekten ve saldırmaktan suçlu bulunanların askeri mahkemede yargılanmalarına karar verdiğini deklare etti.Bu karar ışığında, PTI Başkanı Imran Khan, eski baş yargıç Jawwad S Khawaja, hukuk uzmanı Aitzaz Ahsan ve aralarında Piler İcra Direktörü Karamat Ali'nin de bulunmuş olduğu beş sivil cemiyet üyesi, üst mahkemeden askeri davaları "anayasaya aykırı" duyuru etmesini istedi.Eski HSK, avukatı vasıtasıyla verdiği bu dilekçede, Pakistan Ordu Kanunu'nun 2(1)(d)(i) ve (ii) maddelerinin Anayasa'nın tanımış olduğu temel haklara aykırı bulunduğunu ve iptal edilmesi icap ettiğini ileri sürmüştür.Ek olarak, Faisal Siddiqi tarafınca temsil edilen değişik şehirlerden beş sivil cemiyet üyesi, sivillerin askeri mahkemelerde yargılanmasının yasadışı duyuru edilmesi için yüksek mahkemeye başvurdu.Benzer şekilde, Ahsan'ın dilekçesi, hükümetin sivilleri askeri mahkemelerde yargılama sonucuna itiraz etti.

[kashifzzub]

The Quran – A Multi-Form Text

The Quran is the literal word of God. It was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in sixth-century Arabia and has been preserved to date and will remain preserved as it was promised by God Himself in the Quran.

We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption). [Quran 15:9]

The fact that the Quran is preserved is acknowledged by Muslim as well as non-muslim scholars from around the world.

However, what many people, including a lot of Muslims, are unaware of is that Quran was revealed as a multi-form text. The reason for this is most Muslims are only aware of one form of Qirat (mode of recitation); or even if they are aware of more than one Qirat, they believe that the difference between these Qirats is only limited to the way of recitation. This is even exacerbated by some popular Muslim speakers and preachers claiming in their talks that one does not find any difference in any Quran throughout the world, even to the extent of a letter or a vowel.

To add to this, most Muslims are vaguely aware that Usman (RA), the companion of the Prophet (PBUH) and the third caliph of Islam had asked the Muslims, during his caliphate, to burn the copies of the Quran that they had and only use the official copy that he ordered to be sent across the Muslim world. However, they are not aware of the details of this part of history and are not sure as to why Usman (RA) did this.

The problem that this creates is that when these Muslims are exposed to the variant readings of the Quran, by either Christian missionaries or other critics, or are questioned about the reasons behind Usman’s (RA) burning of the copies of the Quran, it creates a crisis of faith for some of them, as they are unaware of this matter. In fact, this is what happened to even a sahabi by the name of Ibn Abi Sarh, who had a crisis of faith when exposed to the variant readings. He, however later accepted Islam again after the conquest of Mecca on learning the reality of this matter.

In contrast to this, the scholars of Islam and the students of knowledge pursuing Islamic studies, especially those involved in studying the Quranic sciences and memorizing more than one Qirat are very well-aware of the differences in the different Qirat of the Quran. These differences are not limited to just the way of recitation but rather also differ in words at certain places.

The ten well-preserved mutawatir Qirat of the Quran has the following types of differences

Pronunciation differences not affecting the form of the word or its meaning.

Pronunciation differences affecting short vowels but not the skeleton

Pronunciation differences affecting long vowels which may be reflected in the spelling that either do not affect or only minimally affect the meaning.

Differences involving the marking of consonants, with no change to the basic form and only a minimal change to the meaning

. Differences involving the change, addition, or omission of one or two consonants to the skeletal text, with only a minimal effect on the meaning.

Some examples of these differences are listed below

malik or maalik (‘king’ / ‘owner’; Quran 1:3)

qaala l-mala’u / wa-qaala l-mala’u (‘The group said / And the group said; Quran 7:75)

yawma naAshuru a’daa’a l-laah / yawma yuAsharu a’daa’a l-laah, (‘on the day when We assemble the enemies of God / on the day when the enemies of God are assembled’; Quran 41:19)

Apart from these differences, there are other differences that are found in what is known as the Shadhdh (irregular or non-normative) readings. These are found both in the hadith literature as well as the preserved manuscripts of the Quran. The differences found in these readings are of the following types

Differences involving the substitution of one word for another, usually with the same meaning

Differences involving the omission or addition of words

Differences involving a change of word order, usually involving the transposition of elements of a phrase or the substitution of one element for another

Differences involving the substitution of a longer phrase, or formula, for another

Examples of Shadh recitation

Ibn Mas’ud’s (RA) reading of wa-l-dhakari wa-l-untha (‘by the male and the female’) instead of wa-maa khalaqa l-dhakara wa-l-untha (‘by what created male and female’; Quran 92:3)

Both Aisha and Hafsa (RA) specified the inclusion of wa-Salati l-asr (‘and the afternoon prayer’) after the phrase haafizuu ‘alaa l-salaawati wa-l-salaati l-wustaa (‘hold to the prayers and the Middle Prayer’) in Quran 2.:238, when having a mushaf copied out. Aisha added: ‘I heard that from the Messenger of God (PBUH).

In order to understand how and why these differences occur, and why these Shadh readings are no longer recited, we need to understand the conditions in which the Quran was revealed, its first target audience, the immediate history after this period, and the issue of the ‘Ahruf’ of the Quran.

The Arabs at the time of the prophet (PBUH) lived in an oral society. Most of them were unlettered, i.e. they did not know how to read and write. Memorization was the only tool they had for remembering something. Also, they were of different ages, some young and some very old. The Quran that was being revealed was to be a source of guidance for them in their everyday life. Therefore in order to facilitate his followers to easily remember the message of the Quran, the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) asked God to reveal the Quran in multiple ‘ahruf’. His prayers were answered and God revealed the Quran in ‘seven ahroof’. This is recorded in a number of narrations.

Ibn ‘Abbas reported Allah’s Messenger (PBUH) as saying:

Gabriel taught me to recite in one harf. I replied to him and kept asking him to give more, till he reached seven harfs [Sahih Muslim 819a]

Narrated `Umar bin Al-Khattab:

I heard Hisham bin Hakim bin Hizam reciting Surat-al-Furqan in a way different to that of mine. God’s Messenger (PBUH) had taught it to me (in a different way). So, I was about to quarrel with him (during the prayer) but I waited till he finished, then I tied his garment round his neck and seized him by it and brought him to God’s Messenger (PBUH) and said, “I have heard him reciting Surat-al-Furqan in a way different to the way you taught it to me.” The Prophet (PBUH) ordered me to release him and asked Hisham to recite it. When he recited it, Allah s Apostle said, “It was revealed in this way.” He then asked me to recite it. When I recited it, he said, “It was revealed in this way. This Quran was sent down according to seven ahruf, so recite it in the way that is easier for you.” [Sahih al-Bukhari 2419]

This allowed the reciter to recite from any of the seven ahroof that were revealed. This even allowed the reciter to substitute one revealed phrase with another revealed phrase, provided the message of the verse does not change, as has been proven from the following narration

Ubayy said  

I disagreed with one of my companions about an aaya and so we went to the Messenger of God (PBUH) about it. He said, ‘Recite, Ubayy’, and I did so. Then he said to the other man, ‘Recite’, and he did so. The Prophet (PBUH) said, ‘Both of you are right and correct .’ I said, ‘We can’t both be right and correct!’ The Prophet (PBUH) pushed me in the chest and said, ‘The Quran was sent down to me and I was asked, ‘According to one harf or two?’ I said, ‘According to two.’ I was then asked, ‘According to two harfs or three?’ I said, ‘According to three.’ This went on until we had reached seven harfs. All of them are acceptable as long as you don’t mix up an aaya of mercy with an aaya of punishment, or an aaya of punishment with an aaya of mercy. If [the verse ends with] ‘azizun hakim (‘Mighty and Wise’) and you say Sami’un ‘alim (‘All-Hearing and All-Knowing’), then Allah is All-Hearing and All-Knowing.’

‘Abd al-Razzaaq, Musannaf, xi. 219–20

In a version related by Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal in his Musnad (viii. 25–6), the Hadith ends: ‘If you say ghafuuran rahiman (‘Forgiving and Merciful’) or sami‘an ‘aliman, or ‘aliman sami’an, God is like that—as long as you do not end an aaya of punishment with mercy, or an aaya of mercy with punishment’; and, in a version recorded by Abu Dawood in his Sunan: ‘All of them are acceptable, whether you say sami’an ‘aliman or ‘azizan hakiman, as long as you do not end an aaya of punishment with mercy, or an aaya of mercy with punishment.’

This concession allowed companions of all ages to easily memorize and recite the Quran.

As time passed, after the death of the prophet (PBUH), the teachings of Islam facilitated a society that encouraged learning, and more and more Muslims started to become literate. However, as Isam spread far and wide outside the Arabian peninsula, a new problem began to emerge at the time of the caliphate of Usman (RA).

Muslims in far-off lands, who were not aware of the concept of ahruf, began disputing with each other over the recitation of the Quran. When the news about one such incident reached Usman (RA), he, after consulting other Sahabas, decided to restrict and narrow down this freedom to recite from all the seven ahruf, for the purpose of unity among the Muslims. As each ahruf, contained the full Quran in and out of itself, and the need for the multiple ahruf was no longer required, the unity of the Muslims took greater precedence than the freedom to recite in any of the available ahruf.

Usman (RA), therefore, ordered all the Muslims to burn the mushaf of the Quran that they had in their possession, and sent new official copies to be used for the purpose of making new personal copies. These official copies had restricted differences that would not create differences among the Muslims. Although, some other ahruf continued to be passed down through hadith narrations, their use in the mushaf and their recitation in the salah (prayer) was stopped. This restriction served a dual purpose. It not only did not affect the preservation of the Quran, as the message was not lost but also preserved the unity among the Muslims with regards to the Quran. No Muslim has ever fought over the recitation of the Quran since then.

In conclusion, the revelation of the seven ahruf, allowed the earlier Muslims to easily memorize and implement the Quran in their lives. The later restriction prevented Muslims from disputing among themselves with regards to the Quran. This knowledge of the ahruf of the Quran, helps us understand and respond to critics of Islam and strengthens our faith in its preservation.

[iwannice]

Tafsir Al-Fātiḥah Ayat 1

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ

Tafsir Ringkas Kemenag

Aku memulai bacaan Al-Qur'an dengan menyebut nama Allah, nama teragung bagi satu-satunya Tuhan yang patut disembah, yang memiliki seluruh sifat kesempurnaan dan tersucikan dari segala bentuk kekurangan, Yang Maha Pengasih, Pemilik dan sumber sifat kasih Yang menganugerahkan segala macam karunia, baik besar maupun kecil, kepada seluruh makhluk, Maha Penyayang Yang tiada henti memberi kasih dan kebaikan kepada orang-orang yang beriman. Memulai setiap pekerjaan dengan menyebut nama Allah (basmalah) akan mendatangkan keberkahan, dan dengan mengingat Allah dalam setiap pekerjaan, seseorang akan memiliki kekuatan spiritual untuk melakukan yang terbaik dan menghindar dari keburukan.

Tafsir Tahlili

Surah al-Fātiḥah dimulai dengan Basmalah (بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم).

Ada beberapa pendapat ulama berkenaan dengan Basmalah yang terdapat pada permulaan surah Al-Fātiḥah. Di antara pendapat-pendapat itu, yang termasyhur ialah:

1. Basmalah adalah ayat tersendiri, diturunkan Allah untuk jadi kepala masing-masing surah, dan pembatas antara satu surah dengan surah yang lain. Jadi dia bukanlah satu ayat dari al-Fātiḥah atau dari surah yang lain, yang dimulai dengan Basmalah itu. Ini pendapat Imam Malik beserta ahli qiraah dan fuqaha (ahli fikih) Medinah, Basrah dan Syam, dan juga pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah dan pengikut-pengikutnya. Sebab itu menurut Imam Abu Hanifah, Basmalah itu tidak dikeraskan membacanya dalam salat, bahkan Imam Malik tidak membaca Basmalah sama sekali.

Hadis Nabi saw:

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: ḍصَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ فَكَانُوْا يَسْتَفْتِحُوْنَ بِالْحَمْدِ للهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِيْنَ لَا يَذْكُرُوْنَ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ فِي أَوَّلِ قِرَاءَةٍ وَلَا فِي آخِرِهَا». (رواه الشيخان واللفظ لمسلم)

Dari Anas bin Malik, dia berkata, “Saya salat di belakang Nabi saw, Abu Bakar, Umar dan Usman. Mereka memulai dengan al-ḥamdulillāhi rabbil ‘ālamīn, tidak menyebut Bismillāhirraḥmānirrahīm di awal bacaan, dan tidak pula di akhirnya.”(Riwayat al-Bukhārī dan Muslim).

2. Basmalah adalah salah satu ayat dari al-Fātiḥah, dan pada surah an-Naml/27:30, اِنَّهُ مِنْ سُلَيْمَانَ وَاِنَّهُ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ (النمل/27:30) yang dimulai dengan Basmalah. Ini adalah pendapat Imam Syafi'i beserta ahli qiraah Mekah dan Kufah. Sebab itu menurut mereka Basmalah itu dibaca dengan suara keras dalam salat (jahar). Dalil-dalil yang menunjukkan hal itu antara lain Hadis Nabi saw:

عَنْ ابن عباس قال: كانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَجْهَرُ بِبِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ (رواه الحاكم فى المستدرك وقال صحيح)

Dari Ibnu ‘Abbās, ia berkata, Rasulullah saw mengeraskan bacaan Bismillāhirrahmānirrahīm. (Riwayat al-Ḥākim dalam al-Mustadrak dan menurutnya, hadis ini sahih)

عَنْ اُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَطِّعُ قِرَاءَتَهُ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ، اَلْحَمْدُ ِللهِ رَبِّ اْلعَالَمِيْنَ، الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ، مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّيْنِ. (رواه أحمد وابو داود وابن خزيمة والحاكم وقال الدار قطنى: سنده صحيح)

Dari Ummu Salamah, katanya, Rasulullah saw berhenti berkali-kali dalam bacaanya Bismillāhirrahmānirrahīm, al-Ḥamdulillāhi Rabbil- ‘Ālamīn, ar-Raḥmānir-raḥīm, Māliki Yaumid-dīn. (Riwayat Aḥmad, Abu Dāud, Ibnu Khuzaimah dan al-Ḥākim. Menurut ad-Dāruquṭnī, sanad hadis ini sahih).

Abu Hurairah juga salat dan mengeraskan bacaan basmalah. Setelah selesai salat, dia berkata, “Saya ini adalah orang yang salatnya paling mirip dengan Rasulullah.” Muawiyah juga pernah salat di Medinah tanpa mengeraskan suara basmalah. Ia diprotes oleh para sahabat lain yang hadir disitu. Akhirnya pada salat berikutnya Muawiyah mengeraskan bacaan basmalah.

Kalau kita perhatikan bahwa sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah saw telah sependapat menuliskan Basmalah pada permulaan surah dari surah Al-Qur’an, kecuali surah at-Taubah (karena memang dari semula turunnya tidak dimulai dengan Basmalah) dan bahwa Rasulullah saw melarang menuliskan sesuatu yang bukan Al-Qur’an agar tidak bercampur aduk dengan Al-Qur’an, sehingga mereka tidak menuliskan ‘āmīn’ pada akhir surah al-Fātiḥah, maka Basmalah itu adalah salah satu ayat dari Al-Qur’an. Dengan kata lain, bahwa “basmalah-basmalah” yang terdapat di dalam Al-Qur’an adalah ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, lepas dari pendapat apakah satu ayat dari al-Fātiḥah atau dari surah lain, yang dimulai dengan Basmalah atau tidak.

Sebagaimana disebutkan di atas bahwa surah al-Fātiḥah itu terdiri dari tujuh ayat. Mereka yang berpendapat bahwa Basmalah itu tidak termasuk satu ayat dari al-Fātiḥah, memandang:

غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوْبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّاۤلِّيْنَ

adalah salah satu ayat, dengan demikian ayat-ayat al-Fātiḥah itu tetap tujuh.

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ

“Dengan nama Allah” maksudnya “Dengan nama Allah saya baca atau saya mulai”. Seakan-akan Nabi berkata, “Saya baca surah ini dengan menyebut nama Allah, bukan dengan menyebut nama saya sendiri, sebab ia wahyu dari Tuhan, bukan dari saya sendiri.” Maka Basmalah di sini mengandung arti bahwa Al-Qur’an itu wahyu dari Allah, bukan karangan Muhammad saw dan Muhammad itu hanyalah seorang Pesuruh Allah yang dapat perintah menyampaikan Al-Qur’an kepada manusia.

Makna kata Allāh

Allah adalah nama bagi Zat yang ada dengan sendirinya (wājibul-wujūd). Kata “Allah” hanya dipakai oleh bangsa Arab kepada Tuhan yang sebenarnya, yang berhak disembah, yang mempunyai sifat-sifat kesempurnaan. Mereka tidak memakai kata itu untuk tuhan-tuhan atau dewa-dewa mereka yang lain.

Hikmah Membaca Basmalah

Seorang yang selalu membaca Basmalah sebelum melakukan pekerjaan yang penting, berarti ia selalu mengingat Allah pada setiap pekerjaannya. Dengan demikian ia akan melakukan pekerjaan tersebut dengan selalu memperhatikan norma-norma Allah dan tidak merugikan orang lain. Dampaknya, pekerjaan yang dilakukannya akan berbuah sebagai amalan ukhrawi.

Seorang Muslim diperintahkan membaca Basmalah pada waktu mengerjakan sesuatu yang baik. Yang demikian itu untuk mengingatkan bahwa sesuatu yang dikerjakan adalah karena perintah Allah, atau karena telah diizinkan-Nya. Maka karena Allah dia mengerjakan pekerjaan itu dan kepada-Nya dia meminta pertolongan agar pekerjaan terlaksana dengan baik dan berhasil.

Nabi saw bersabda:

كُلُّ أَمْرٍ ذِيْ بَالٍ لَمْ يُبْدَأْ فِيْهِ بِبِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ أَقْطَعُ (رواه عبد القادر الرهاوي)

“Setiap pekerjaan penting yang tidak dimulai dengan menyebut Basmalah adalah buntung (kurang berkahnya).” (Riwayat Abdul-Qādir ar-Rahāwī).

Orang Arab sebelum datang Islam mengerjakan sesuatu dengan menyebut al-Lāta dan al-‘Uzzā, nama-nama berhala mereka. Sebab itu, Allah mengajarkan kepada penganut-penganut agama Islam yang telah mengesakan-Nya, agar mereka mengerjakan sesuatu dengan menyebut nama Allah.