KYLE BROFLOVSKI, STAN MARSH, AND THE FEMININE/MASCULINE QUESTION... PART TWO!
(Or; In defense of feminine Kyle and masculine Stan)
(OR or; how Matt and Trey's outdated views prove their intentions for their characters...
(...PART TWO!!!)
If you haven’t read the first part, you can read it HERE to get caught up on a LOT of exposition and just as much Stan talk. If you've already read it yesterday, here's a quick refresher; this is the long awaited (by me. I've been long awaiting it) justification for my interpretation of feminine Kyle and masculine Stan. Let's get into it!
In Part 1, we covered a lot, but we somehow didn't get to one of the centerpieces of this meta; Kyle! So, let's jump right into his section.
KYLE BROFLOVSKI, FEMININITY ONCE REMOVED:
i. Personality
The first place to begin in proving Kyle’s femininity would be to compare him to Tweek, or, more specifically, to compare him to the ‘woman-like’ traits that Matt and Trey identified within Tweek. First, let’s quickly go over again what Matt and Trey had to say those traits actually were:
“One person wanting, which is usually the woman... who flips out a bit more about things emotionally, and generally the man is a bit more, like... not responsive to emotion, and just wants to problem solve. And we have had experience with that…"
What this essentially boils down to is that they think the woman is more emotional, and more prone to wanting their emotions validated rather than wanting to immediately solve the problem. Now, we know that Kyle is a problem solver; his SP and Me profile actually explicitly says that he is! But that doesn’t mean he’s a quick problem solver, as we can see in Crack Baby Athletic Association.
This episode is one of the best examples of Kyle engaging in behavior similar to Tweek in ‘Put It Down’, with Stan playing Craig’s role. Kyle has a way to solve the problem immediately - by dropping out of Cartman’s organization and admitting his wrongdoing - but instead, he repeatedly returns to Stan and requests that he validates his feelings on the subject. He wants Stan to admit that he’s right to feel the way that he does, and while the way he does naturally varies from Tweek due to personality differences (Tweek’s reaction being to things generally out of his control, while Kyle reacts to and tries to justify his own decisions), it’s a similar concept.
Furthermore, Kyle serves as an occasional parallel to Tweek in more situations than just that one episode; they’re both highly neurotic characters, a trait which Matt and Trey have associated with women constantly throughout the show. Even beyond admitting that they view women as more emotional in that initial commentary, women are consistently the ones throughout the show who show the most dramatic reactions. There are some exceptions, namely:
Randy, who tends to be more emotional than Sharon. However, this doesn’t disprove the above point, as Matt and Trey label Randy as a ‘Karen’ for his emotional behavior; despite being an emotional man, he is still compared to a woman within Matt and Trey’s eyes.
Mr. Garrison, who is one of the most dramatic characters in the series. Matt and Trey often tend to conflate feminine men and women regardless (which would line up with them conflating femininity in any gender with women), and the plot point involving his transition to Ms. Garrison frequently references his ‘feminine’ personality traits as partial justification.
Even considering exceptions, it’s obvious that Matt and Trey think neuroticism is a female trait, and Kyle, out of the main four, is always the one who’s the butt of the joke about it.
Consider ‘Pee’, an episode that I mentioned briefly in Part 1 as our first example.
In this episode, Matt and Trey lean heavily on Kyle being a dramatic, easily grossed out character. Furthermore, the rest of the boys don’t seem to care at all; only the background women find peeing in the pool to be disgusting. The two snippets of script that I’ve shown above have obvious parallels between them: one character (Kyle and the woman, respectively) show disgust at pee, and another character (Stan and the man, respectively) wave it off. In this situation, Matt and Trey are obviously comparing Kyle to the woman. And that’s far from the only time they do so in the show.
Kyle is consistently the character that Matt and Trey use for misogynistic jokes, or really any jokes that relate to gender nonconformity. Consider the following examples:
Cartman’s ‘sand in your vagina’ joke. Kyle is always the butt of it; I can’t remember any instance where any other character, no matter how they behaved, was hit with it. Could this be because Cartman obviously hates Kyle? Sure. That’s part of it. But Cartman also frequently relates Butters to femininity, and never projects that joke onto him. Out of the main four, according to Cartman, Kyle is the designated ‘girl’; when Cartman views him as overreacting, he immediately associates it with Kyle being female.
Another example of this would be in ‘Raising The Bar’, where Cartman points out Kyle’s ‘slim stomach and perky tits’. Kenny does something similar in ‘Make Love, Not Warcraft’, where he comments on Kyle’s avatar. I’m not going to go too deeply into that second one, because we’re going to be discussing that in the Appearance section in a little more detail.
A third example relating more to general gender nonconformity would be in ‘Help, My Teenager Hates Me!’, where Kyle uses Sheila’s makeup to cover injuries and Gerald tells her that he’s just experimenting. Every time Matt and Trey have the opportunity to make a joke about femininity, or to even align a character with women, they choose Kyle. And while the characters making these declarations about him in-show may have their own reasons for doing so, it’s telling that Matt and Trey still pick Kyle to be the butt of the joke.
There are also many more instances in which Matt and Trey take the opportunity to align him with gender nonconformity and/or women, with an example of the former being in ‘South Park Is Gay’.
If it’s been a while since you’ve seen that episode (and since the plot is too widely spread for me to pick effective script pieces), here’s a brief summary: the men and boys of South Park decide to become ‘metrosexual’ by dressing in a more feminine manner and being more hygienic. Mr. Garrison believes that they’re imitating gay culture when it becomes convenient for them, and decides to put a stop to it. Kyle, after being beaten up at school for refusing to conform, teams up with Mr. Garrison to kill the Queer Eye guys.
On first glance, this seems like it shouldn’t belong in this essay; Kyle refuses to conform to femininity, and therefore must prefer masculinity, right?
Well, it’s not that simple. South Park is a satire show; naturally, nearly every episode is a satire of something. South Park Is Gay isn’t meant to be taken literally on the surface level: if you consider it from the perspective of South Park as a whole, it becomes obvious that it’s a satire of the opposite issue. Kyle, as the odd one out, is meant to be the gay, feminine kid who doesn’t conform to masculinity; the boys who beat him up are meant to be masculine boys who don’t support femininity. When looking at it through that lens, it makes a lot more sense; the actual events of the episode are not something that happens in any frequent sense, while the inner layer does happen: naturally, it makes sense to parody it, and the most effective parody (and the best humor) would come from flipping it directly on its head.
Even beyond looking at the satire aspect, Matt and Trey’s decision to pair Kyle up with the most prominent feminine male character is telling; Kyle takes the side of feminine gay men in this episode. He is the gender nonconforming character, and Matt and Trey’s decision to place him in that situation was very much intentional.
It’s also not the only time where Kyle is aligned, either figuratively or literally, with feminine characters. In fact, it happens throughout the entire show: Kyle is very much his mother’s son, and takes after her heavily personality and morals wise.
Sheila creates ‘Mothers Against Canada’, and Kyle creates ‘Millennials Against Canada’. Sheila grows up in Jersey, and Kyle undergoes a Jersey transformation as a child that they bond over. Kyle even mimics some of her behaviors in the Post-Covid specials; when he gets angry, he emotes in the exact same way that she does. When Stan wants to get to Kyle, he tells him that he’s acting like his mother right now. Kyle’s relationship with Sheila is extremely close and very complex, and that he is compared so consistently to her while none of the other boys are to their own mothers is telling, especially when considering two other factors: that Stan is far more similar to his father in Post Covid, and that Kyle’s role in the show is often maternal.
The greatest example of Kyle’s maternal role would be in The Jeffersons, which also serves as a contrast between how he and Stan behave in that situation. In this episode, Kyle takes it upon himself to protect and care for Blanket after realizing that he’s being neglected from his father.
Despite all of the other kids being there, Kyle notices Blanket’s injury first and is the first to take action to help him. His maternal behavior continues throughout the rest of the episode, even when Stan steps in later on: Stan steps forward to scold Mr. Jefferson and Cartman, while Kyle hangs back and holds Blanket’s hand.
There are obviously no inherent behaviors of parenting that can be ascribed to mothers or fathers, but throughout history and media, people have stereotyped mothers as being more protective and loving, while fathers are more assertive and defend the family as a whole. Are Matt and Trey progressive enough to intentionally avert these tropes with Stan and Kyle? Probably not. When they choose the way Stan and Kyle behave in this scene, especially considering how frequently they are related to their father and mother respectively, it is highly likely they intended for Kyle to play the ‘mother’ and Stan to play the ‘father’.
But that’s not all when it comes to examples of Kyle being aligned with women.
‘Miss Teacher Bangs A Boy’ also serves as an example (to which I say thank you @/imaginationlandtrilogy for bringing this up in a separate post and letting me use it: I didn’t even think of this one!) Throughout the episode, none of the male characters take Ms. Stevenson assaulting Ike seriously. The police, Cartman, and even Stan don’t see the issue. Kyle is the only exception.
The female characters, on the other hand, all immediately see the issue with the situation, a non-Broflovski example being Principal Victoria, who is horrified and calls the police. Gerald is not present in the episode, so we can’t make a solid decision on whether Kyle’s behavior is because he’s a member of Ike’s family, but regardless, Kyle is once again put on the side of the women as opposed to the side of the men and boys.
Given the large number of instances of this occurring (to which the above few are only a snapshot), it’s difficult to imagine that this isn’t intentional. Matt and Trey consistently align Kyle with the women and separate him from the men. His stereotypically feminine personality traits are called out time and time again, sometimes with entire episodes devoted to them, and when they need a character to serve as the ‘girl’ among the main four, they always pick Kyle. With our Matt and Trey goggles on, the reasoning for this is obvious: they believe that Kyle is the more feminine out of the main four boys, and most certainly out of Kyle and Stan, and use that to differentiate him personality wise, to make jokes at the expense of women, and to open up more opportunity for plots that require such a personality to enact.
We know that Kyle’s personality and the way it’s depicted in the show is intentionally feminine from the perspective of the writers, but what about the other aspects of his character? We still have two more sections we need to address, so let’s get into them. I promise these are going to be shorter.
ii. Interests
Stan tends to be a more fleshed out character than Kyle purely in terms of interests, leaving us few to go off of for the latter, but there is one that’s important enough to his character to merit addressing: his studiousness and interest in academia.
(But before that, to briefly address a point that might come up: Kyle does play basketball, and I did list sports (though American football in particular) as a masculine interest! However, I don’t think that Kyle’s interest in sports is as formative to his character as it is for Stan’s, nor is it as formative as his interest in academia; if you’re interested in my reasoning, you can read more about that in my jock Stan meta!)
So, is studiousness a feminine or masculine trait? Within the wider context of popular culture, that’s difficult to discern; while the ‘nerd’ trait is typically applied to women within media, academia has largely been a male field. But even though we can’t rely on popular culture to get us our answer, we can rely on Matt and Trey, and they’ve made their opinion on that extremely clear through their other most studious character: Wendy Testaburger.
Wendy’s intelligence, studiousness, and commitment to school stand out as some of her more consistent personality traits throughout the duration of the show. In that way, she serves as the closest parallel to Kyle out of the girls, especially considering their shared strong moral standings. As a result, they get along with each other fairly well in scenes they share; an example of such would be in Follow That Egg, where their commitment to the project and to getting an A make them compatible partners.
Wendy and Kyle working well together on academics isn’t the only reason I bring up the above quotes, though: I also bring it up to point out that even Bebe cares about the project, while Stan doesn’t. In fact, none of the boys we see in the episode do; Cartman goes so far as to accidentally break his egg. This is a theme that remains consistent throughout school-related episodes of South Park: most of the boys don’t care about school, while the girls, and Kyle, do.
Through this, Matt and Trey establish caring about school as a trait they associate much more heavily with girls: while the girls commit to their work and tend to study, the boys instead wing it. This wouldn’t be an unlikely view for them to have, either; it falls very well in line with ‘boys will be boys’, and is thus a fairly well established view for older men to have.
By making the girls studious, Matt and Trey set a precedent, and by establishing Kyle as the most academically inclined boy during their childhoods, they consciously choose to group Kyle with the girls. Given the rest of the above instances in which they also choose to group him with women and girls, it’s hard to believe this is a coincidence.
iii. Appearance
Now we get to a particularly interesting part; Kyle’s appearance. A large majority of what constitutes femininity in personality and interests remains up for debate, even when considering it from a more ‘traditional’ perspective, but femininity in regards to appearance has remained relatively consistent in recent years.
The first point in the appearance section is also the most obvious: his appearance in Make Love, Not Warcraft.
When selecting his avatar in World of Warcraft, Kyle makes the conscious decision to play as a woman. Furthermore, he doesn’t play as just any woman; he plays as a fairly feminine woman, who wears a dress and could be wearing jewelry. Given that every other boy chooses to play as a man (with Stan choosing a very traditionally masculine man), it’s unlikely that decision was because they were out of male characters, or that none of those male characters was a magic user: instead, it’s more likely that he simply wanted to play as a feminine character. He actively chose to present in that manner in game, and it serves as a sharp contrast between his gender presentation and Stan’s.
It’s certainly possible he was only given that avatar to give Cartman and Kenny someone to joke about, but that doesn’t explain the character’s motivation in-canon for making that decision, nor does it explain why Kyle was the chosen character instead of Butters, who has far more of a history of choosing to present in a feminine manner.
There are a few other small things that could also be mentioned in this section (such as Kyle calling himself a ‘styling Jew’ in The Lonely Jew on Christmas, and Kyle being put in the place of Little Red Riding Hood by Cartman), but the next most intentional connection between Kyle and feminine appearances is in TFBW, where Kyle comments this about the New Kid (if they’re female):
This is particularly notable because none of the other characters say anything like this. Stan comments on how he can’t tell if the New Kid is a boy or a girl, Kenny comments on the New Kid reminding him of his sister, and Kyle comments on… femininity in boys being okay? It’s a strange quote compared to the idling quotes from every other boy, none of which are at all similar.
Kyle acknowledging femininity in boys being a reality and acknowledging that it’s perfectly acceptable is strange as a one off instance, but it makes a lot of sense when the rest of his behavior, and Matt and Trey’s portrayal of him, is considered. Femininity in boys is relevant to him because he is a feminine boy; he has more of a reason than anybody else to affirm what he thinks the New Kid’s presentation is, because it’s a similar presentation to his own.
iv. Conclusion
I’m going to keep this section brief, because we have a much longer conclusion to go over that will wrap up this whole meta, but here’s a brief summary of the things we’ve just covered in Kyle’s section.
Given Matt and Trey’s historically regressive views of women and femininity, as well as their tendency towards misogynistic jokes, we can take the traits they give Kyle and conclude that he is, in a sense, intended to be the ‘girl’ of the main four, or the character that Matt and Trey use for regressive jokes and scenes they need ‘feminine’ traits for. Furthermore, we can also conclude that Matt and Trey frequently grouping Kyle with girls, women, and gender nonconforming people is not coincidental, and they do so in reference to both behavior and interests. Finally, Kyle’s intentional decisions to align himself with femininity in regard to appearance confirms that he, in comparison to many of the male characters, has a distinct preference for presenting in a feminine manner.
THE ACTUAL CONCLUSION:
WE’RE FINALLY HERE. THE ACTUAL CONCLUSION. MY FINGERS HURT.
First, let’s do one big final summary of the whole thing, in bullet point format for simplicity:
i. The Summary
Femininity and masculinity are difficult to discern in characters from a progressive view, so we need to figure them out from a different perspective.
Characterization by fans is most accurate when you look at intention instead of individual scenes; therefore, the above perspective we need to use is the most likely one that Matt and Trey would have. We can confirm they hold that perspective using their view of creek.
Using that perspective, we can conclude that Stan is intended to be a masculine character, and Kyle is intended to be a feminine character based on their behaviors, interests, and appearances. Them playing these roles is vitally important to the dynamic of the show.
However, given the heated discussion behind this topic, finishing off with a quick summary probably isn’t enough to put the question to rest. So, it’s mini FAQ time. Don’t take the concept of the FAQ too seriously; it’s just the most convenient way I could think of to answer these!
ii. The FAQ
Q: If Kyle is feminine and Stan is masculine, doesn’t shipping them (or portraying them that way in the ship) make it heteronormative?
A: No. The word ‘heteronormative’ (and the concept of heteronormativity) is wildly misused in fandom in general, and most definitely within the South Park fandom. Heteronormativity, in short, is the concept that heterosexuality is the ‘default’ sexuality, and that straight relationships are the norm. It has barely anything to do with masculine/feminine gay relationships; in fact, I would go so far as to say gay relationships inherently cannot be heteronormative just by virtue of being gay.
To call a masculine/feminine gay relationship heteronormative implies that that relationship is somehow less gay than a masculine/masculine relationship, which thereby implies that a feminine man is somehow more of a woman than a masculine man. Gender has little to do with how you present yourself; a feminine gay man is still a man as long as he identifies as such.
Q: Isn’t the whole point of a gay relationship that neither of them are ‘the woman’?
A: There is literally no situation in which a gay man in a relationship is suddenly the woman. It does not matter how he presents himself, or what he does within the relationship; none of it makes him inherently a woman. Masculine/feminine relationships in both gay men and lesbians are a huge part of gay culture, and erasing that to attempt to be progressive is not actually progressive, or helpful, at all.
Q: How can you say Kyle is feminine when he presents like the other guys (ie masculine) most of the time?
A: I think a commonly misunderstood theme when discussing these issues is the idea that men existing is inherently masculine. It’s not. When Kyle, a 10 year old, dresses in clothes that a 10 year old often dresses in, he’s not making any statement about his gender presentation. Neither is Stan! That’s why I didn’t include their typical outfits for either of them.
Femininity is considered to be much more of an intentional performance than masculinity, especially in men; Kyle by virtue of existing as a man can be deemed masculine, but he would need to wear makeup and dresses for people to admit that he chooses to present as feminine. It’s an unfair standard; as such, when I consider femininity and masculinity in terms of appearances, I only do it when they make the conscious decision to change their looks with few outside forces influencing them. He isn’t choosing masculinity or rejecting femininity just by existing, but he does frequently choose femininity when he gets the option to.
Q: Isn’t making Kyle feminine adhering to Jewish stereotypes?
A: I’m not Jewish, so I can’t speak as much on this topic. However, adhering to the way a character is portrayed in canon should not automatically be considered problematic, and furthermore, people are not stereotypes for existing. Feminine Jewish men are very real. Short Jewish men are very real. Gay Jewish men are very real. Jewish men with all of the above traits are once again very real. They deserve to be able to exist without inherently being deemed stereotypical or problematic.
There are always going to be people who are bigoted, or cruel, or intentionally stereotype characters in a legitimately problematic way. That doesn’t mean every person who adheres to that portrayal is that way, especially when there are legitimate justifications for it in canon. You are well within your rights to be personally uncomfortable with feminine Kyle as a portrayal; it doesn’t mean it’s an incorrect or necessarily bad portrayal, especially when legitimately antisemitic things are rife within this fandom. There is much to be focused on and much to be improved; I can’t say I see feminine Kyle to inherently be one of those things that needs correction.
Q: If you make Kyle feminine based off of Matt and Trey’s stereotypes/jokes, doesn’t that mean you believe them?
Not really! It’s true that I think a lot of Kyle’s traits were intended to be feminine by Matt and Trey. That being said, that doesn’t mean I necessarily believe those traits are actually feminine, regardless of how we define that word. Part of consuming media (especially ‘problematic’ media) is learning to critically analyze it, and learning to take what you want from it while leaving the rest. You don’t have to agree with what Matt and Trey think to enjoy the show, or the characters, or to acknowledge the intention they came at those characters with.
iii. The Actual, Final Conclusion
This is like the fourth conclusion so far, and I promise it’s the final one.
Now that we’ve gotten a good portion of the political questions out of the way, here’s the REAL main reason that I wrote this, outside of discourse or necessary justification or anything like that: I like feminine Kyle! I like writing about him. I like picking out things in canon that support my belief and writing about them.
That being said, I don’t think you have to like feminine Kyle to acknowledge the points I’ve been trying to make here. You can note everything I’ve put in here, and you can use it for totally different characterizations; that’s your right. Maybe Stan and Kyle undergo a drastic shift in presentation; it could happen! Or maybe you just want to scrap everything here, whether it’s because you’d rather look at it from a different angle or because you want to build your interpretations from the ground up; you can also do that. If that’s what makes you happy, you SHOULD do that!
The point I’m trying to make here isn’t that feminine Kyle is the only correct interpretation; it’s that it is a valid interpretation, and that there’s evidence to back it up. There’s a lot of evidence to back it up! I feel confident saying that Kyle is a canonically feminine character. But even if there wasn’t evidence, it’s an interpretation that deserves respect, just like the rest of the harmless interpretations out there, no matter how much you personally dislike it. Furthermore, it’s not an interpretation that necessarily says anything about you as a person, or your political views, or your biases. There are some things in this fandom that are indicative of those; this isn’t one of them.
Representation of gender non-conforming people is important - even representation in headcanons, or representation that you’re wary of, or any other form of representation - and we should be able to seek it from whatever character we can (and want to) wring it out of.
Even if that character is shaped like an egg.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
This meta is basically my child at this point, so I feel like it deserves some acknowledgements:
A huge thank you to @adriabun for their amazing section header suggestions, and thanks to @craigrights, @5ftkyle, and @alister312 as well as @adriabun again for their constant encouragement and moral support! Also thank you to all the rest of my friends, who suggested a ton of the things I ended up using here; in the most un-cheesy way I can say this, I couldn't have done it without your help. Thanks to anybody who I mentioned in here for your great metas, and finally: thank you to anyone who made it this far! It was a long one and it means a lot to me that you read it. <3
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