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puppyexpressions · 3 years ago

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Ethylene Glycol Poisoning in Dogs

What is ethylene glycol?

Ethylene glycol, a sweet-tasting, odorless liquid, is the active ingredient in most automotive antifreeze products. Ethylene glycol can also be found, in lower, less harmful, concentrations, in some windshield de-icing agents, hydraulic brake fluid, motor oils, solvents, paints, film processing solutions, wood stains, inks, printer cartridges, etc.

How do dogs get ethylene glycol poisoning?

Dogs may be attracted to ethylene glycol by its sweet taste. Many animals will voluntarily drink ethylene glycol if antifreeze is spilled or leaks onto garage floors or driveways. Ethylene glycol has a very narrow margin of safety – which means only a tiny amount can result in severe poisoning. As little as half a teaspoon per pound of a dog’s body weight can result in fatality.

What are the signs of ethylene glycol poisoning?

Ethylene glycol poisoning is divided into three stages.

Stage 1: (within 30 minutes of ingestion): The signs include lethargy, vomiting, incoordination, excessive urination, excessive thirst, hypothermia (low body temperature), seizures, and coma.

Stage 2 - 12 to 24 hours after ingestion: Some of the signs seem to dramatically improve, luring pet owners into a false sense of security. However, during this stage, dogs become dehydrated, and develop an elevated breathing and heart rate.

Stage 3 - (36-72 hours after ingestion): At this stage, signs of severe kidney dysfunction, which is characterized by swollen, painful kidneys and the production of minimal to no urine, may occur. Progressive depression, lethargy, lack of appetite, vomiting, seizures, coma, and death may be seen.

It is critical that you bring your dog to a veterinary clinic if you know or even suspect that he has consumed ethylene glycol, or if he is exhibiting any of the early symptoms. Do not wait; time is of the essence and immediate treatment is essential! Dogs must be treated within 8-12 hours of ingesting antifreeze, as the antidote only has a narrow time period to work. Left untreated, the animal may die.

How do veterinarians confirm ethylene glycol poisoning?

The best way to confirm ethylene glycol poisoning is by measuring the blood concentration of ethylene glycol. A test to determine the blood levels can be done at some veterinary diagnostic laboratories or human hospitals. This testing method is very accurate, but not always available in the middle of the night. In addition, a test kit that can be used in the veterinary clinic is available to detect the amount of ethylene glycol present in the bloodstream. However, these types of tests may not be as accurate, and false positives can be seen (for instance, false positives may occur from products with similar chemical structures such as propylene glycol, glycerol, mannitol, isopropyl alcohol, sorbitol, etc.). Also, if this test kit is run too late, it may test falsely negative; in other words, since peak levels of ethylene glycol are detected in the first 1- 6 hours after ingestion of the toxin, it is important that this test kit be used early in the course of suspected poisonings. By as early as 24 hours after ingestion, insufficient ethylene glycol remains to allow detection on this blood test; however, the damage to your pet’s body from ethylene glycol has already occurred.

Are there other tests that can indicate ethylene glycol poisoning?

Ethylene glycol is converted by the liver into toxic byproducts that are damaging to the kidneys. This damage can be identified in a serum biochemistry profile by increases in the levels of creatinine and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) that are normally removed from the blood by the kidneys. However, these tests are not specific for ethylene glycol toxicity, and by the time these blood tests show evidence of kidney failure, the prognosis is grave to poor (since it is too late to treat with the antidote). Acidosis (acidic blood) can also be detected through the biochemistry profile. A urinalysis may also confirm ethylene glycol poisoning and underlying kidney damage by the presence of dilute urine containing blood, protein, cellular casts (plugs of cells which have taken the shape of dying tubules in the kidneys), and calcium oxalate crystals (which are seen with ethylene glycol poisoning). Lastly, a special black-light lamp (Wood’s lamp) can sometimes be used to examine the urine, muzzle, and paws of the patient to look for the presence of the warning dye which is added to automotive antifreeze.

When in doubt, if you suspect your dog has ingested ethylene glycol, immediate veterinary attention is imperative as the prognosis is very poor once clinical signs have developed. Again, because the antidote (fomepizole) is only effective if given within 8-12 hours in dogs, it is imperative that you see a veterinarian immediately. When in doubt, you or your veterinarian can contact Pet Poison Helpline (800-213-6680) 24/7 for life-saving assistance in managing a poisoned patient.

#antifreeze poisoning #dog poison

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sideblogformindtrash · 4 years ago

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A PLANT GUIDE TO ALTERNATIVE FOOD SOURCES/PLANT BASED MEDICINE/POISONOUS HERBS

FOR WHEN YOU ARE A 15th CENTURY PEASANT AND GOING TO THE DOCTOR WILL KILL YOU BECAUSE NO ONE HAS WASHED THEIR HANDS IN A MONTH.

This post ended up huge.

DISCLAIMER CAUSE I DON’T WANT ANYONE TO GET SICK BECAUSE THEY ATE BAD LEAF:

Natural medicine is a fascinating topic and it carries a rich history of survival, culture and human history.

It is also a valuable source of insight for traditional medicine – it is often by searching the traditional, plant or nature based solutions and researching the active compounds on them that regular medicine can be crafted. These sciences are allies, they aren’t enemies, and the end goal is, always, to save lives.

HOWEVER it is NOT a replacement for traditional medicine. Traditional medicine works on isolating and amplifying components that are proven to be the source of the healing properties of plants and other things, both increasing the chances of obtaining a result and reducing the collateral effects, as well as monitoring people on a close and safe environment were any side-effects particular to that individual, caused by other pre-existent conditions, can be taken in consideration and dealt with by professionals. Dosage is also a very important factor that has to be considered. Doctors are equipped to deal with that. Everything can be a poison in excess.

By this, I mean to say if you go around using this info to justify selling mlm essential oils or being antivaxx I’ll personally haunt you once I’m dead. Natural medicine can be an interesting addition to conventional treatments if used responsibly, but it is not a replacement and is not to be used if you have no clue what you are doing. Please don’t go outside to eat random leaves and don’t trust random moms on facebook, their ‘research’ is far less than what I did for a tumblr post :’)

I can’t stress this enough: this is intended as a writing resource and not to be used in real life or as a guide. Don’t eat/use plants you don’t know. Please don’t. I’m also not a medical professional, I’m a plant nerd :)

And – a lot of this comes from oral traditions passed on by family. So shoutout to my grandma. Most of it is stuff you should be able to verify with a quick google search and I expent the day doing just that as well as gathering more info; I can link more trustworthy sources than Wikipedia if someone is interested, but they are mostly not in English.

ALSO, as a note: Popular plant names are NOT RELIABLE and vary greatly among regions, besides, they often are used to refer to a great number of species of the same genus; when in doubt always check the scientific name of the plant as that is standardized globally and taxonomists work hard to keep it concise.

Go to the doctor if you are sick please please please please please please please please please please please please please please :)

And just one more little note: I live in South America, that’s the flora I’m most familiar with. I know very little about European and Oceanic flora; but I reckon a lot of these might be similar to Asia and North America since a bunch of these plants are invasive species originated from Asia that have adapted well and spread around the continent.

Ok, first part is medicine second part is poison.

Some general info:

TO MAKE A BALM: You’d need some sort of animal fat or vaselin + a triturated mix of the correct plant parts and bee wax. Fat needs to be melted first, then you’d add the plant mix and lastly the bee wax; it needs to be constantly mixed until it gets the balm consistency and then filtered.

HOW TO MAKE A POULTICE: It’s basically just the mashed ingredients + something to make it slightly moisty; it largely depends on what it is exactly but it could be water, milk, coconut oil or animal fat. The paste is to be spread over a warm wet cloth and wrapped around the wound.

ON TEAS: A lot of the time you will need the fresh plant leaves and not the dried versions they sell on little sacks; Or they might both work, but likely to different things. Different parts of the plant might have different effects.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: It’s the go-to emergency poison retardant. It has the characteristic of being an adsorptive; this means other particles tend to cling to its surface and later be expelled with it. It can cause vomiting and nausea. Regular charcoal has been used historically for the same reasons. Eating the charcoal may interfere with other medications the person might be on.

A Few Non-Conventional Edible Plants and Medicinal Herbs:

-Pereskia aculetea: Popular names are lemonvine; blade-apple cactus; leaf cactus; rose cactus; fruits, flowers and leaves are edible and has high-nutritional value. Depending on how it’s prepared, the leaves taste somewhat like fish. The flowers are sweet, and can be used in baking cakes and pies. They have sharp thorns on the fruits and branches. It is a good emergency food-source as it causes a fulfilling sensation and can be consumed raw.

Tea made with the leaves is good for the intestinal flora. It is anti-inflamation and helps ulcers heal. Can be used externally if the leaves are triturated and mashed into a paste. The fruit is anti-oxidant;

Stanchys byzantina + some others of the genus: Known as Lamb’s ear. It’s cute and fluffy. It also tastes like fish if fried on butter. Making tea with the leaves can help with cough and throat irritation. Helps with stomachache and indigestion.

-Mentha sp. – MINT! Everyone loves mint. It smells nice and is fresh. It helps with colds and is effective against parasites such as giardia and amebas. The tea has to be made with fresh leaves for it to be effective, not dried ones.

-Arnica sp. – NOT EDIBLE AND CAN BE TOXIC IF INGESTED. Small amounts can be used as a spicy however is not recommended. However, it’s a very good topical painkiller; can be used as a balm, a poultice or on lack of other options, making a strong tea and infusing a clean piece of cloth on it then applying to the sore muscles can work.

-Calendula sp. – It’s edible but not exactly tasty, a little spice I’d say. A balm can be made from it that is very good on cuts and bruises.

-Begonia cucullata – Known as wax begonia. It’s all edible, but calcium rich so should be avoided by someone with kidney problems.

-Portulaca oleracea – The Poultice is good against acne and insect stings; helps with inflammation and tea can be used against intestinal parasites. Slightly cooked leafs can help with burns (1º degree burns, don’t apply on anything worse). The seeds are specially good against parasites. Leaves, flowers and seeds are edible.

-Conyza canadensis / bonariensis – The Horseweed. Leaves are edible. They taste spicy-ish. Can help treat hemorrhoids and diarrhea.

-Echinodorus grandiflorus: This one is common of wetlands and water proximity. The crushed rhizomes can be put over the skin to alleviate rashes and hernias. Tea made with the fresh leaves is a diuretic and laxative; is also good against throat inflammations. Cold tea can help with skin conditions as well. Leaves are very bitter, the rhizome is somewhat sweet.

-Hedychium coronarium: White-ginger-lily or garland flower; It is common on wetlands or near water sources. The rhizomes and flowers are edible (leaves aren’t), flowers usually consumed as sort of a jam and the rhizomes as flowers. Helps with throat inflammations and pain. Oil made from this plant can be slightly sedative.

-Cymbopogum winterianus: Citronella; or Lemon Grass. NOT EDIBLE. It’s super sticky to the touch, makes your hands sticky too and very easy to get cuts from it because the leaf blades are somewhat sharp. A poultice of the leaves can be used on cuts, but the better use for it is as a natural repellent. Mosquitoes and other insects hate this plant. Just by having it planted somewhere near is very unlikely they’ll approach; candles can be made from it and incenses too.

- Pampinella anisum – Commonly known as aniseed and actually easy to find as dried leaves or the seeds. The dry leaves tea help with cold and throat swelling. Poultices and the essencial oil can be good as a relaxant; Tea made from fresh leaves is good for insomnia, nausea and stomachache. Tea made with the seeds can be used against intestinal parasites; breathing the vapor helps clean a constipated nose.

-Plantago major – Probably the most common one on this list and one of the best. Called great plantain or broadleaf plantain. Leaves are diuretics; help against inflammations and help soothe stomachaches and diarrhea. Everything but the roots are edible. Tea helps with cold.

-Ilex paraguaiensis – Yerba-mate or just matte. Has a very good nutritional value. People drink the dried leaves tea like water in Brazil and it’s very good for cooking sweets. It is slightly stimulant(high caffeine teor) and highly antioxidant. The fruits and leaves are nutrient rich; can be good on fighting anemia; has some effect against caries inducing bacteria and is effective against certain types of fungi; it only grows in forested areas because it is very sensitive to sunlight.

-Xanthosoma sagittifolium – Arrowleaf Elephant’s Ear. Rhyzomes, leaves and haste are edible BUT ONLY IF COOKED. Tastes similar to spinach. When they are raw, they have oxalic acid and are somewhat toxic. Is somewhat good against fever. A fried leaf can be used as a wrap over burns.

-Hibiscus sabidariffa - Slightly sour tasted tea made from the leaves; have a diuretic effect. Can be used as a natural pigment on other foods.

-Pistia stratiores – Water lettuce. It looks like a lettuce and it floats. Can be consumed as a juice, infusion or used as a poultice on hernias. HOWEVER I’d recommend never using any found on nature. Floating plants are being studied as having absorbent qualities and helping filter toxins and heavy metals from water, so much so they can make part of sewage treatment.

Dangerous/Poisonous Plants:

General treatment idea: A very generic idea of how poisoning is treated would be the administration of activated charcoal and a gastrointestinal wash depending on how long ago has been the ingestion. Mucosa can be treated/washed with products like egg whites, milk and olive oil in small quantities. Eyes are washed with water and saline. Most poison’s don’t have antidotes, so everything else would be treating the specific symptons. Catheterization may be needed on cases where the urinal tract is paralyzed because it’s important to keep the person hydrated. Laxatives may also be used in cases where it is safe. Everything largely varies with the specifics of each compound. On many of them inducing vomit might be worse.

PLANTS:

Brugmansia spps.: Known as Angel Trumphet; Angel’s Tears or Snowy Angel’s Trumpet. This plant likes high-humidity, so in a dry climate, it might indicate proximity to water sources. The in-nature form of this plant is highly toxic; every part of it being leaves, flowers trunk or roots. Seeds and leaves are specially dangerous. Can induce a trance-like and delusional estate as well as induce visual and auditory hallucinations; can cause paralysis of smooth muscles, confusion, dry mouth, pupil dilation and paralysis of the eyes. Can lead to death; severity varying depending on part of the plant ingested as well as the age of the plant and hydration state. They start from 15 to 30 minutes after ingestion.

Euphorbia milii.: Known as Christ’s Thorn; Crown of Thorns or Christ Crown. Honestly this one’s strength is the aesthetic. It has thicc thorns, pretty red flowers and I’m pleading you all to put it on a Whumpee’s head. It’s a moderate poison compared to the others; Inside the whole plant there is a white latex substance that is toxic. It causes skin and mucosa irritation. It can cause severe stomach-ache. Can lead to blindness if non-treated eye contact occur. If ingested, can cause severe stomach-ache and ulcers. The latex is very sticky to the touch.

Dieffenbachia spp: Similar to the one above without the fun thorns.

Zantedeschia aethiopica: The Calla Lily. In contact with mucosa’s it causes swelling and irritations; feelings of burn, nausea, vomit and diarrhea; difficulty swallowing and can cause death by asphyxiation due to internal swelling of the digestive system that in turns compresses the pharynx. ALSO: This is not exactly widespread knowledge I think, but this plant is hallucinogen and like 2-3 years ago the tea has been used as kind of a drug around here. However, this plant does not work as other popular recreational hallucinogens; it causes damage to the central nervous system and even if used just once, the user might never recover from it. What I heard from people who did try it, is that the hallucinations tend to be really bad and on the negative side.

Cicuta maculata – If you want to be dramatic and die like Socrates I guess. Its poison was used for execution in ancient Greece.

Calladium spp. – It’s ALSO called Elephant’s ear. See what I mean by common names not being reliable? Irritation, pain and swelling of tissues. All parts of the plant are poisonous. If ingested can lead to death due to swelling of throat/tongue.

‘Curare’ – this is actually not just one plant, but a mixture of several made into poison for darts and arrows. The Strynchnos and Chondodendron genus are the most important. It was used for hunting, but considered bad practice on war. Causes paralysis of the external body and some of the main internal systems killing the prey by asphyxiation. The person responsible for producing the poison was very likely to die due to being exposed to toxic fumes, because it was needed to cook the tree-barks during two to three days. Someone hit by the poison can survive if artificial respiratory methods are available until the poison-effect passes.

Potatoes – I’m not even going to elaborate on this one but raw and green potatoes = bad; however cultivated potatoes are way less toxic than the wild variations and the most poisonous plant parts are the leaves;

Aesculus hippocastanum – A horse chestnut seed, bark, flower and nut can cause poisoning when consumed raw. Causes muscle twitching, weakness, loss of coordination; vomiting; kidney problems and stupor. It slows the formation of blood cloths and might worsen the condition of hemorrhagic wounds.

Agave sp. – The flowers are edible and the saps can be used for an alcoholic beverage. But the saps cause pain and burning in contact with the skin; it will also start to develop blisters soon after the exposure. The healed skin tends to remain sensitive and have reoccurring itchy for years after the contact. Ingesting the saps might be fatal.

Anemonoides nermorosa – Wood anemone. All parts of the plant contain protoanemonim, it can cause irritation and burning sensation to skin; ulceras on the mouth; vomiting blood and nausea.

OK that should be it for today, but it isn’t even the surface. If anyone wants to expand or correct something on this, I encourage you to do so. Just don’t eat the leaf. Please don’t.

Not all but some of the sources (again, not english): here; here; here; here; here; here; one that IS in english and a shoutout for wikipedia cause why the hell not and one to my grandma who is a lovely lady who hates just about everything in the world.

#whump writing #whump scenario #whump writing resource #whump #im ded

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thumbgarden · 3 years ago

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How to restorative garden after the winter

Another winter is coming to an end and it is time to go to the garden to see what has been done this past winter and if there are any urgent measures that require our immediate intervention, or maybe everything is fine and we can wait, for example, for the buds to bloom and learn if this or that branch is frozen, because now they are all flat, smooth and in equal conditions, it is very difficult to know which branch is frozen and which is not - very difficult, especially for a beginning gardener. But leave the frozen shoots "for later", how to restorative garden after the winter, and how much work is already done in the garden in spring?

CHECK THE GARDEN AFTER WINTER Pick a warm, sunny day and go into the garden, look at each tree there. From the ones you just planted last fall until the really old guys in the garden whic have been growing for a year or maybe a dozen years. Check the shoots, maybe some have cracked and you can support them and cover the cracked areas with garden varnish or, if the cracks are large, it's worth removing the branches altogether. If so, the first step should be to lighten the thick branches by removing all the growth, then sawing from the top, and finally cutting from the bottom so you can remove the huge branches without risking scratching the bark, which is difficult to deal with. Next, check the crown; there may be shoots in the middle that are also broken or dried out, or that have grown into the middle of the crown. There is still time - you can remove them and cover the cuts with garden varnish or garden paint. At the end of your review, write down in your notebook the first things you'll do in the next few days so you won’t forget about it.

SPRING CLEANING Spring is also a great time to give your garden a thorough cleaning. There is usually a lot of trash around, including lawn mulch debris, paper, newspapers, and even seemingly obscure trash. All of it should be collected and placed in a metal bucket or on a landfill and burned, rather than buried in the ground as some people do. This seemingly harmless trash can easily overwinter under a thick blanket of snow to contain pests or diseases. After clearing the trash, try looking for pest nests and egg-laying sites on shoots and tree trunks, and if you find any, scrape them off with a wood scraper and burn them as well. Mummy-like fruits forgotten on branches or dropped in the root zone should also go into the firebox. Don't forget that this is a real hotbed of infection and sometimes very dangerous.

REMOVE WOUNDS, CRACKS, MOSS, AND LICHEN Before start the new season, your trunk should be well cleaned. For example, to remove moss and lichen, but before cleaning with a wooden scraper, the trunk and scaffold knots must be treated with a special compound, which consists of 40-50 grams of wood ash or wood ash that should be dissolved in a liter of water, then boil this solution, cool it and dilute half a bar of soap in it, which will act as an adhesion agent. Such a solution can be used as a preventive measure to treat the whole tree, but it is better to thoroughly treat the areas where moss and lichens settle. You can also use a solution of copper sulfate, which earlier treated all the gardens on the farm, there is this procedure called blue spraying. To treat, one hundred grams of copper sulfate should be diluted in a bucket of water and then loaded into a backpack sprayer or mister and treat the entire tree as thoroughly as possible, especially where there is lichen and moss and at the forks of branches where decaying fungi often settle because of the moisture that accumulates there. After any of these treatments, moss, and lichen found on the tree can be easily removed with a wooden scraper. Next, remove any areas of bark that have decayed or are severely damaged with a wood scraper. After that, chew everything with garden varnish or, if available, rub it with a large bunch of leafy sumac oxalic acid promotes rapid healing of wounds on trees, the old-timers say.

If the wound is very large and you have a lot of sumac, then you can knead it by hand into a bundle, place it over the wound, and bandage it. In this case, the layers of sumac should equal about 0.4inch (1cm). It is better to use an elastic bandage, or use tights made of Kaplon, which are more reliable in this regard. As we have already said, small cracks and wounds are most easily sealed with hand-heated garden varnish. Wounds of medium diameter, where you need a lot of garden varnish, you can insulate in a different way, by making something similar to garden varnish, but with your own hands, cheap and reliable. To do this, take two hundred grams of ordinary clean clay, mix it with one hundred grams of cow or dairy manure - it does not matter, and then add to this mixture normal straw, but cut it as fine as possible with scissors. Then little by little (do not overflow) pour room temperature water into the mixture until it becomes a paste, stirring constantly so that the substance will be as thick as good country sour cream. Once the compound is ready, it can be used to apply plaster to wounds and fissures, but before doing so, it is best to remove all the dirt with a sharp gardening knife and scrub it until it reaches healthy tissue. This way, the compound will stay on longer and the wound will heal more quickly.

PERFORMING A SPRING WHITEWASH Whitewashing is also important in the spring to protect the trunk and skeletal branches from the scorching spring sun and a host of pests and diseases. Whitewashing also prevents the sharp temperature swings that often occur in the spring - when the sun is very active in heating the bark during the day, and at night the temperature sometimes drops almost to 32°F (0°C) and the bark can't handle it and cracks, it is already an open door to infection. Brushing white will balance the temperature fluctuations, preserve the bark and protect the tree. You can brush white with breathable white acrylic paint and a standard lime solution, but since it's spring and it can rain at any time, it's best to add to the standard ingredients that will stay on the tree as long as possible. For example, an economical or antibacterial soap.

SAVING PLANTS FROM RODENTS Even in early spring, when there is little to no snow, voracious rodents will attack your trees, so protective netting should never be removed. If they come loose or tear somewhere, they should be replaced, preferably on all trees, so that each net reaches the height of the first skeletal branch and holds them as securely as possible. If you and your neighbors don't have pets or birds, it's a good idea to secure yourself by placing poisoned bait around the trees as well. If trees still have snow - especially drupe trees, which don't need to bloom early or be exposed to back frost during flowering - make the snow as thick as possible, which will also keep rodents from sniffing it out. About whitewashing: Whitewashing is good, and whitewashing is also a strong deterrent to rodents destroying bark and skeletal limbs in early spring.

MULCHING THE ROOT ZONE Mulching has many advantages, starting with saving water, in this case melting water. Once the snow melts and the water seeps into the soil, it actively evaporates away in the first rays of the hot sun. Therefore, to prevent this, the root zone should be covered with humus - for nutrients and protection against water evaporation. In this case, the humus layer should be equivalent to a few inches. The second purpose of mulch is, as we just mentioned, nutrition: mulch humus provides additional organic matter to the plant, which, by the way, is absolutely safe. The third purpose of mulch is to prevent the formation of sloughs in the soil, i.e. the soil is free to breathe and pass water and air, but in this case, it is best to loosen the soil to a depth of a few inches before covering the root zone with mulch.

Mulch also provides protection in the event of a sudden cold snap, as the root system is no longer covered by snow and can be affected. So pay attention to the weather forecast and if frost is forecast, quickly apply 2-2.5inch (5-7cm) of mulch to the root zone. Mulch also prevents the growth of active weeds; of course, protection is better if you get rid of those weeds that start to appear on the soil surface before you lay down a layer of mulch. It is important to use humus mulch because sawdust slows soil warming and peat can strongly acidify the soil. Be careful when using mulch on drupe species because there is a distance of 1-1.5inch (3-4 cm) from the root crown so that water does not accumulate in the root crown due to the mulch and thus cause it to hatch, which is very sensitive for, for example, hairy cherry trees.

SPRING GRAFTING If there is time and opportunity, a series of grafts can be transplanted. In spring, grafting can be done in the plot, while the weather is cold and there is no sap flow, you can buy dwarf rootstocks, using a tongue modified method, at home, to make seedlings of different varieties, simply cut shoots from the garden plants and graft them on the rootstock. The main thing is not to go too far, there should be enough space on the plot for all plants. After grafting, the newly grafted seedlings should be buried in moist sawdust in the basement until they are planted on the plot.

NURSERY OPENING - YOU CAN BUY SEEDLINGS Those who do not know how to graft or do not want to graft can go to the nearest nursery and buy seedlings of one or the other variety they like. In this case, the main thing is to give preference to the variety specifically delimited in your area, which is a guarantee of high yield. When buying, you must carefully check the root system and above-ground parts, and take only those seedlings whose lower and top parts are alive - not over-dried, not broken, not frozen.

FERTILIZATION When the soil has completely thawed, you can start fertilizing. Applying diammonium hydrogen phosphate in the spring is usually the best way to go. There is plenty of moisture in the soil and there is no need to dilute it with water, but what you should do is loosen the soil slightly and mulch it slightly after applying the fertilizer. Usually, under trees over five years old, you can safely do a matchbox of nitro-ammonium phosphate, distributed as evenly as possible over the root zone, and if the tree is less than five years old, then half a matchbox of the same compound will suffice.

PLACE A BARREL ON THE PLOT TO COLLECT RAINWATER This is especially important for large estate owners because there is always a need for moisture on the plot and sometimes there is nowhere to get it. The easiest option - is to put the barrel on the roof and bring it to the elbow of the gutter - if the barrel is painted black, the water will be both rain and warm. You can always use the barrel to store ordinary water, for example from a well or pump.

MAKE ROOM FOR A COMPOST At the beginning of the season, sometimes there is nothing to compost on the compost pile, and the exact opposite when the season is in full swing or coming to an end, so leaving space on the pile is a must. Everything is placed there: dried shoots and fallen leaves, as well as various old mulching materials (organic of course). The location should be chosen away from resting places and placed in nooks and crannies that are not usually occupied by anything.

PAY ATTENTION TO THE PLANTING PLAN If the plot is in the development phase, such a plan is necessary to consider all the details, "push down" the trees and shrubs that are already growing, find out their final height, the width of the canopy, do not forget the neighbors, even if you are not an artist, simply cross with the signature, what and in the future will grow and will contribute to your life and live the plants in the plot.

CHECK THE INVENTORY When everything seems to be done in the garden, you can start doing some secondary tasks, however directly related to the garden, such as checking the tools: maybe the pruners and saws need to be sharpened, the shovels and rakes need to be replaced with clippers, the hoes need to be replaced with more modern and ergonomic tools. Check garden ladders and replace them, rivets, bolts if necessary, because ladders - quite an important tool when working in the garden, and if you find yourself working with broken ladders or bolts that hold the bars popped out, it will not end well.

PAY ATTENTION TO FENCES, GAZEBOS, PLANTERS Maybe the fence needs to be repaired, the gazebo needs to be painted, and the trellis need to secure the anchors more firmly and tighten the wire more? Believe me, it just doesn't seem enough time for these "little things" right now. When the season starts, about the bent fence or rusty pergola, you'll simply forget in the turmoil. So, you should do it now. You've realized that even in spring, there are many important things to do whenever you step out into the garden. I hope we've helped you by giving you the right priorities.

#ThumbGarden #GardeningTips #Gardening #Garden #BotanicalGarden #HerbGarden #VegetableGarden #WildlifeGarden #LargeGarden #MediumGarden #OutdoorGarden #Orchard #UrbanGarden #Winter #Tips #HowTo #Why #What #Cuttings #Mulching #PlantCare #Care #Inspired #Best

Author: Ms.Geneva Link: https://www.thumbgarden.com/how-to-restorative-garden/ Source: ThumbGarden The copyright belongs to the author. For commercial reprints, please contact the author for authorization, and for non-commercial reprints, please indicate the source.

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vetisntdead · 6 years ago

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Gather round, it’s time for some vodka

Antifreeze (ethylene glycol) seems to be quite tasty to animals. In this essay I will elaborate on why ingestion of the toxic-waste colored substance is a Very Bad Thing (seriously, this shit is luminously colorful and even comes in pink!).

Firstly, ethylene glycol can cross the blood-brain barrier (strike one) and cause euphoria, as seen with regular drinking alcohol.

Secondly, we need to look at the Alcohol Metabolism Cycle. The enzyme Alcohol Dehydrogenase features in the breakdown of almost everything ending in -ol. Yes I agree that breaking down the poison into smaller bits is a good idea, but not in this case. The problem with breaking down ethylene glycol is that the bits it gets broken into, do a lot of damage. These pieces are acids (gasp!), which cause metabolic acidosis (strike two).

Thirdly, one very specific acid made from ethylene glycol is oxalic acid, which precipitate in the kidneys in the presence of calcium, leading to renal tubular necrosis and acute renal failure. Translation: oxalic acid is a bastard that fucks up the delicate filtration system in the kidney by sticking it full of holes when it forms crystals (strike three, you’re out!).

That luminous shit is our crystals and is not supposed to be there. This is the microscopic equivalent of the Banishin’ Rock because it will kill you by taking out your kidneys. These things are difficult to remove and do untold amounts of damage to Life’s Most Fragile Organ.

So my dog/cat/domesticated dinosaur ate the blue poison juice, what do i do?

Number one: seek veterinary treatment immediately (do not message a vet blog asking for help I WILL MURDER YOU)

Number two: don’t leave antifreeze lying around, animals have a way of getting into what we least expect.

Treatment entails stopping the enzyme Alcohol Dehydrogenase from doing the dirty with the antifreeze, either through distraction or inhibition.

Inhibition: something called fomepizole can be used to inactivate Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Distraction: if caught early enough, ethanol (normal drinking alcohol) can be given as a competitive substrate. Alcohol Dehydrogenase will be kept busy by the ethanol so that the ethylene glycol can be excreted unchanged. So, vodka anyone?

Further treatment includes correction of the metabolic acidosis and control of nervous signs.

Here is the process more or less simplified and summarized:

A note from the biochemistry side: anything ending in -aze is generally accepted to be an enzyme; anything ending in -ol tends to be an alcohol.

I hope you enjoyed this episode featuring Neon Murder Juice. It was inspired by bluetooth headphones and filter coffee.

#angry pathology #antifreeze #ethylene glycol #oxalic acid #kidneys #kidney #yes i used wordart #pathology #vet pathology #toxicology #veterinary #vodka #alcohol #biochemistry

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th20xx001 · 2 years ago

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Monstera plants cat

Whether or not these plants can poison cats is a matter of some worry. The answer is that they can hurt, so you should always keep them away from your cat.

Oxalic acid is a substance that can be found in the leaves of Monstera plants. Oxalic acid can irritate and inflame the mouth, throat, and stomach when consumed. In extreme circumstances, it may potentially cause breathing problems and even death.

Keep Monstera plants cat out of the reach of cats if you have them. Contact your veterinarian right once if you notice that your pet has eaten a leaf or fruit from the plant.

Oxalic acid overdose in cats does not have an antidote; instead, treatment will depend on how severe your pet's symptoms are. Keep in mind that the greatest medicine is prevention, therefore make sure that no pet may access Monstera plants.

Members of the Araceae family, Monstera plants are linked to Philodendron plants. Both plants are dangerous to cats and are members of the same plant family, the "Araceae."

However, due to its increased oxalic acid content, Monstera is also thought to be slightly more hazardous than Philodendron. Call your veterinarian right away if you have both varieties of plants in your home or if you suspect your cat has consumed any portion of either plant.

Because Monstera plants are low maintenance and easy to care for, many people maintain them as houseplants. However, if you have pets, it's critical to be aware of their toxicity and take the appropriate safety measures to keep them secure. Gratitude for reading!

So, are cats poisoned by Monstera plants? Yes, and it's critical to take the appropriate safety measures to keep them secure. Keep these plants out of your cat's reach and contact your veterinarian right away if they consume a leaf or fruit. Please contact us right away or visit our website for further details. Gratitude for reading!

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kidneycop · 3 years ago

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How To Remove Kidney Stones Without Surgery?

The kidneys are among the most significant organs in our body. They are located at the back of the abdominal cavity and have two primary functions: to flush harmful toxins from the body and to preserve water, other fluids, chemical, and mineral levels.

Kidneys should indeed function properly to live a healthy life. Daily, humans consume a variety of foods, which are then converted into energy. However, this process can produce by-products in the form of toxicants, which can be harmful. The human body can be harmed by the buildup of such poisonous substances.

Generally, kidney stones can be caused by a lack of water in the body. These crystals can be as small as a pea or as large as a golf ball. They have a crystalline structure and are typically made of calcium oxalate and other compounds.

Its formation can cause urination problems, as well as weight loss, fever, nausea, hematuria, and severe pain in the lower abdominal region. The majority of kidney stones are removed through surgery. However, there are some appropriate and natural ways to dissolve kidney stones without surgery.

The following are some natural kidney stone removal techniques:

1. Drink plenty of water

Water is regarded as the elixir of life. It aids in the preservation of hydration levels. Water facilitates mineral and nutrient dissolution in the kidneys, as well as digestion and absorption. It aids in rinsing out harmful toxins from the body that could harm the kidneys further. People with kidney stones should drink plenty of water to drain the stones out through urine.

It is suggested that you drink at least 7-8 glasses of water per day. Drinking lots of water throughout the day is the best kidney stone dissolver treatment.

2. Inhibit Your Animal Protein Consumption

Animal protein, such as red meat, poultry, and eggs, raises uric acid levels in the body, which can lead to the development of uric acid kidney stones. A high-protein diet also lowers urinary citrate levels, a compound in urine that aids in the prevention of calcium oxalate stones. Your body requires a certain level of protein, but don't go over the recommended daily amount of protein.

3. Gentle exercise

Regular exercise can also help in the prevention of kidney stones. It can also benefit you by enhancing your kidney's health. Walking, yoga, light aerobics, and even moderate strength training are all options. Ask your doctor if you're not sure what type of exercise is safe for you. If your kidney stone is not big enough there are chances that it can be removed with proper exercise also.

4. Taking prescribed medications

Many supplements can help to prevent kidney stones. However, your doctor can prescribe you for that based on the kidney stone's size and your health conditions.

Well, our dietary supplement is one of the best and powerful solutions to exhibit the growth of kidney stones. It is 99% effective against calcium oxalate problems.

The Bottom-line

Kidney stones can be treated with natural remedies. Although surgery to remove kidney stones is the last option, even doctors recommend trying the above-mentioned, perhaps at the initial stages.

If you have kidney stones, your doctor can advise you on the most effective calcium oxalate stone treatment. However, it's also important to consider the long term and look for ways to avoid kidney stones from recurring.

You buy our kidney stones dissolver supplement from here!

Syndication Link: How To Remove Kidney Stones Without Surgery

#kidney stone dissolver #kidney stone treatment

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pigmentation21 · 3 years ago

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Kidney stone types vedas

Kidney stone types

There are various kinds of kidney stones. These stones structure dependent on a large number of contributing components including a hereditary inclination, drying out, dietary and way of life decisions, meds, contaminations, and certain metabolic infections.

Stones are for the most part quiet until they start to move. When they move, they can cause anguishing torment and other irksome side effects. Kidney stone manifestations can fluctuate dependent on the kind, size, and area of the stone. Normal side effect incorporate outrageous agony, blood in the pee (hematuria), regular pee, noxious pee, trouble peeing, fever or chills – especially if a disease is available.

The kidney is a significant organ, liable for eliminating the poisons from the body, adjusting the pH levels, that is, making the climate neither acidic nor essential inside, creating the chemicals, and so on

The kidney stones types range simply because of their structure. Various synthetic compounds abruptly solidify up to shape stones because of some substance uneven characters. It is fundamentally flagging us to eat and drink with some restraint, a lot of anything isn't acceptable, be it proteins or nutrients or calciums!

Kinds OF KIDNEY STONES

The term kidney stones have become so conventional that we fail to remember that there are various sorts of kidney stones. Each stone has its particulars that discussion about the unmistakable issues, and medicines should have been completed.

Thus, let us educate you regarding kidney stone sorts and shadings alongside different subtleties!

Uric Acid Stones

As the name recommends, these kinds of stones happen when uric corrosive is observed to be more in the pee. This kidney stone sort is more normal in men than in ladies. The normal reason for such stones are:

Protein-rich eating routine – High protein eats less carbs coming from creature proteins comprise of purines, for the most part found in meats and fish. These purines make the pee acidic, that is, expands the uric corrosive levels which at last prompts uric corrosive stones.

Legacy – We should not fail to remember that with all the property and heritage we acquire illnesses and characteristics from our folks too. There are chances that the body is intended to have high uric corrosive in the pee.

Aside from these, there is plausible of getting uric corrosive kidney stones during chemotherapy meetings. The treatment is extremely effective and generally changes the whole synthetic and hormonal equilibrium of the body.

The uric corrosive kidney stones are for the most part red-orange-brown in shading. Thus, it is ideal to burn-through the acids with some restraint. Drinking adequate measures of water is an appropriate choice.

Calcium Stones

The calcium stones are for the most part made out of calcium and oxalate, known as calcium oxalate stones. These are the most widely recognized kidney stone sort and their shading goes from brown to dark contingent upon the higher centralization of both of the mixtures.

Oxalates are compound substances either devoured and ingested from food or delivered by the liver. A portion of the food things wealthy in oxalates are:

Sorts of kidney stones

In straightforward terms, kidney stones are produced using mineral stores that bunch together and expand upon themselves. Stones can be pretty much as little as sand, and effectively go through the urinary framework out of the body. They can likewise become exceptionally huge prior to endeavoring to travel through the urinary plot. The treatment and expulsion of kidney stones will shift dependent on their size, number, area, and the side effects they are delivering. In case they are causing a urinary blockage, they should be eliminated immediately.

Calcium Stones

There are two essential kinds of calcium stones: calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate.

Calcium oxalate stones are the most well-known kind of kidney stone and result from undeniable degrees of calcium oxalate in the pee. Oxalate is a 'salt' subordinate of oxalic corrosive. Calcium oxalate is a mix of calcium and oxalate which, once joined, hinders the assimilation of calcium in the body and can shape stones. Calcium oxalate is a substance found in numerous food varieties including spinach, rhubarb, and nuts. Utilization of calcium oxalate rich food sources can likewise advance stones development.

Calcium phosphate stones are like calcium oxalate stones, with the exception of they are the blend of calcium and phosphoric corrosive. They are not as normal as calcium oxalate stones.

Struvite Stones

As their name proposes, these stones are comprised of struvite, a phosphate mineral (magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate). Struvite stones structure because of a disease in the framework. Since ladies are known to have more urinary plot contaminations, struvite stones are more normal in ladies.

Uric Acid Stones

These stones result from significant degrees of uric corrosive in pee. They can result from high-protein or high-purine consumes less calories, gout, diabetes, and going through chemotherapy. Purine rich food sources incorporate a few meats and fish, organ meats, shellfish, just as certain vegetables and grains.

Cystine Stones

These stones result when an individual's kidneys discharge a lot of the amino corrosive cystine into the pee. This hereditary condition is known as Cystinuria. Accordingly, this kind of stone development is uncommon contrasted with different sorts.

In case you are encountering indications identified with kidney stones, or have a family background of stones, contact Urology Austin to plan an arrangement. In the event that kidney stone side effects are serious and grievous, continue to a trauma center.

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ayurvedic00123 · 3 years ago

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Kidney stone ayurvedic medicine

Kidney stone ayurvedic medicine :- On the off chance that you have at any point felt the puncturing agony of kidney stones, you realize exactly how deadening and terrible this ailment can be. In addition to the fact that it causes a great deal of agony, however can likewise make huge harm the body if not treated and distinguished on schedule.

In case you are vulnerable to creating kidney stones or have kidney stones yet don't have any desire to utilize allopathic meds that can play with your substantial framework, you can utilize ayurvedic prescriptions to assist with treating the condition without the dread of incidental effects.

While kidney stone ayurvedic meds are accessible on the lookout, there are some ayurvedic spices that you can use at home to assist with kidney stones in an ideal design. On the off chance that you would prefer not to make your own cure, try to search for meds that contain these particular spices as they are more powerful and valuable.

Here is a rundown of 6 of the best ayurvedic spices that can be utilized in the treatment of kidney stones and give out outstanding outcomes in a brief time frame.

#1 GOKSHURA

This spice is extremely famous in Ayurveda and is utilized in the treatment of an assortment of medical conditions. It helps the body flush out free revolutionaries, poisons, and waste material which assists with kidney capacity and wellbeing alongside in general wellbeing.

#2 PUNARNAVA

This spice is utilized widely in kidney stone ayurvedic treatment as a result of how supportive it is in boosting the body's purifying interaction and advancing the expulsion of poisons and squanders from the body.

#3 KASANI

However it is most prevalently known for being the ayurvedic substitute for espresso, this restorative spice is most normally utilized for the treatment of kidney stones and other kidney-related issues.

#4 PASHANABHEDA

This ayurvedic spice is known for its antilithic and diuretic properties, which are fundamental for the counteraction and treatment of kidney stones.

#5 VARUNA

This ayurvedic medication for kidney stone can assist with forestalling the arrangement of kidney stones because of its enemy of crystallization and against lithogenic properties. In addition, the spice can change the pH of the pee to make it more acidic to forestall kidney stones and separate in case any are available.

#6 BHUMI AMALAKI

Bhumi Amalaki is utilized in the treatment of kidney issues like kidney stones as it advances the evacuation of unreasonable salts and minerals, including oxalate gems, that are liable for kidney stones arrangement.

#Kidney stone ayurvedic medicine

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robinmark · 3 years ago

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Oxalic Acid Market Insights, Deep Analysis of Key Vendor in the Industry 2019-2029

Oxalic acid is a colorless, crystalline substance with sharp, sour taste. Oxalic acid is at high concentration can be a dangerous poison. It’s a part of carboxylic acid family.Oxalic acid is soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Oxalic acid is widely used as bleaching or cleaning agent. Oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dying process. Oxalic acid is used in pharmaceutical to purification or dilution purpose.Another important application of oxalic acid is to smelt rare earth. Oxalic acid is used as bleaching agent in textile and wood industry. Oxalic acid plays a vital role as rust-remover for metal treatment industry as well as water treatment. The estimated oxalic acid consumption was about 190 million metric tons at the end of 2009.

Oxalic Acid Market: Drivers and restraints

The exponential growth in pharmaceutical and rare earths industry, is the major contributor to the growth of Oxalic Acid Market. The use of Oxalic Acid in bleaching and cleaning purpose at various industrial/household application is a positive indicator in the expected growth of oxalic acid market. The growing concern towards sterilization in industry also drive the demand of oxalic acid market.

On the other hand, due to its toxic and corrosive nature, industrial as well as household use and handling might create restrain in the demand of Oxalic acid.

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Oxalic Acid Market: Segmentation

On the basis of application, global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Rare earth Industry

Pharmaceuticals

Textile

Other (Cleaning, Surface Dust Removal.)

On the basis of manufacturing process, the global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Nitric Acid Oxidation Process

Sodium Formate Dehydrogenation Process

Dialkyl Oxalate Hydrolysis Process

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Oxalic Acid Market: Region Wise Outlook

Asia is estimated to be the largest consumer of oxalic acid in the world by volume .Especially China is a major consumer, producer as well as exporter of oxalic acid. The exponential growth in rare earth industry, pharmaceutical as well as textiles are the major factors behind the rise of oxalic acid consumption in Asian countries. Europe is estimated to be one of the fastest growing market for oxalic acid. USA due to its growth in application sector is also indicating positive prospect to the demand in oxalic acid consumption.

Oxalic Acid Market: Key market Players

Some of the market producers of the global oxalic acid market are Shanxi Province Yuanping Chemicals Co., Ltd., Ube industries, ltd., Oxaquim S.A. ,Tongliao Jinmei Chemicals Co.,Ltd, Indian Oxalate Ltd. and others

The research report presents a comprehensive assessment of the market and contains thoughtful insights, facts, historical data, and statistically supported and industry-validated market data. It also contains projections using a suitable set of assumptions and methodologies. The research report provides analysis and information according to market segments such as geographies, types and applications.

Regional analysis includes:

North America (U.S., Canada)

Latin America (Mexico. Brazil)

Western Europe (Germany, Italy, France, U.K, Spain, Nordic countries, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg)

Eastern Europe (Poland, Russia)

Asia Pacific (China, India, ASEAN, Australia & New Zealand)

Japan

Middle East and Africa (GCC, S. Africa, N. Africa)

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The report is a compilation of first-hand information, qualitative and quantitative assessment by industry analysts, inputs from industry experts and industry participants across the value chain. The report provides in-depth analysis of parent market trends, macro-economic indicators and governing factors along with market attractiveness as per segments. The report also maps the qualitative impact of various market factors on market segments and geographies.

Report Highlights:

Detailed overview of parent market

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Historical, current and projected market size in terms of volume and value

Recent industry trends and developments

Competitive landscape

Strategies of key players and products offered

Potential and niche segments, geographical regions exhibiting promising growth

A neutral perspective on market performance

Must-have information for market players to sustain and enhance their market footprint

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Future Market Insights (FMI) is a leading provider of market intelligence and consulting services, serving clients in over 150 countries. FMI is headquartered in Dubai, the global financial capital, and has delivery centers in the U.S. and India. FMI's latest market research reports and industry analysis help businesses navigate challenges and make critical decisions with confidence and clarity amidst breakneck competition. Our customized and syndicated market research reports deliver actionable insights that drive sustainable growth. A team of expert-led analysts at FMI continuously tracks emerging trends and events in a broad range of industries to ensure that our clients prepare for the evolving needs of their consumers.

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dawnforger-fr · 2 years ago

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Ok, so I got impatient and it's not quite morning yet, but here we go.

My sources are Wicked Plants by Amy Stewart, and Plants That Can Kill by Stacy Tornio

The grass pea aka. chickling vetch aka. Lathyrus sativus "has been a dietary staple in the Mediterranean, Africa, India, and parts of Asia for centuries ... it has one serious drawback: it contains a neurotoxin called beta-N-oxalyl-diaminopropionic acid, or beta-ODAP ... Eventually, the toxin kills nerve cells and victims become paralyzed from the waist down. Without treatment, they will die (Stewart, 37)."

"If they are soaked in water or fermented in breads and pancakes, they pose little risk (Stewart, 38)."

*Sweet peas aka. Lathyrus odoratus are in the same boat

Corn aka. maize aka. Zea mays "Native people in the Americas knew how to prepare this local crop safely. Traditional recipes called for adding slaked lime or calcium hydroxide, a naturally occurring mineral, to corn. (The basic recipe for tortillas still includes the addition of lime.) Without it, the niacin in the corn cannot be absorbed. This is not a problem unless corn is eaten by itself and makes up most of a person's diet. When this happens ... the result is a severe niacin deficiency called pellagra (Stewart, 38-39)."

*Note that corn is not poisonous but still an example of how proper preparation of ingredients is important to what nutrients are absorbed from it.

Rhubarb aka. Rheum x hybridum "The leaves of this Asian plant contain high levels of oxalic acid, which can cause weakness, difficulty breathing, gastrointestinal problems, and even coma and death in rare circumstances (Stewart 39)."

"The leaves contain something called oxalic acid, which can cause kidney failure in humans! Of course, you'd need a lot of leaves for this to happen, but it's still not a good idea to eat them (Tornio, 152)."

Elderberry aka. Sambucus spp. "Much more dangerous when consumed raw ... Most parts of the plant, including the uncooked fruit, may contain varying levels of cyanide (Stewart, 40)."

"If you eat parts of this plant or the berries when they're green, you'll likely experience nausea, diarrhea, and in extreme cases, a coma (Tornio, 34)."

Cashew aka. Anacardium occidentale "Cashews are part of the same botanical family as poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. The cashew tree produces the same irritating oil, urushiol. The nut itself is perfectly safe to consume, but if it comes into contact with any part of the shell during harvest, it will give the person who eats it a nasty rash. For that reason, cashews are steamed open, making them partially cooked even if they appear to be raw (Stewart, 40)."

"If you come into contact with raw cashews or the fruit of a cashew tree, you could see irritation, much like you would with poison ivy. If you consume either raw, you might experience vomiting, nausea, and sickness (Tornio, 161)."

*Note that Mangoes are from the same family and their rinds also contain urushiol

Red Kidney Bean aka. Phaseolus vulgaris "Perfectly safe and healthy, except if eaten raw or undercooked. The harmful compound in kidney beans is called phytohaemagglutinin, and can bring on severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (Stewart, 40)."

"Raw kidney beans contain a substance called phytohemagglutinin. If you don't soak these beans first, you could see signs of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other beans also contain this substance, but it's much higher in the red kidney bean. Cooked or canned beans are fine (Tornio, 157)."

Potato aka. Solanum tuberosum "This member of the dreaded nightshade family contains a poison called solanine, which can bring on burning and gastrointestinal symptoms and even coma and death in rare cases. Cooking a potato will kill most of the solanine in it, but if a potato has been exposed to the light long enough for its skin to turn green, that may be a sign of increased levels of solanine (Stewart, 41)."

"Both the stems and leaves of potatoes contain a poison called glycoalkaloid. This can actually be found in potatoes that turn green, so stay away if you notice that this has occurred ... Though rare, if you consume this in large quantities, it can cause weakness, coma, or even death (Tornio, 153)."

Ackee aka. Blighia sapida "The ackee fruit plays an essential role in Jamaican cuisine. Only the aril (the flesh surrounding the seeds) is safe to eat, and the fruit must be harvested at a precise point of ripeness or it may be toxic. Ackee poisoning, or Jamaican vomiting sickness, can be fatal if untreated (Stewart, 41)."

"If you attempt to eat the fruit of the plant when it's not ripe, you will definitely become ill (Tornio, 160)."

Cassava aka. Manihot esculenta "An important food crop in Latin America, Asia, and parts of Africa, the root is cooked in much the same way that potatoes are ... There's just one problem: cassava contains a substance called linamarin that converts into cyanide in the body. The cyanide can be eliminated through careful preparation that involves soaking, drying, or baking the root, but this process is imperfect and can take several days ... Cassava poisoning can be deadly (Stewart, 41)."

Celery aka. Apium graveolens, Celery is phototoxic, "Farmworkers and handlers of celery routinely get burns on their skin that show up under sunlight, and people who eat large quantities of celery are at risk as well (Stewart, 96)."

Limes aka. Citrus aurantifolia, etc. "Limes and some other citrus fruits contain phototoxic compounds in the oil glands found in the outer rind of the fruit ... Orange marmalade and other foods containing citrus peel or citrus oil may cause a reaction. Oil of bergamot, a small, pear-shaped citrus, is a popular fragrance ingredient; any citrus-based perfume or lotion could also burn (Stewart, 96-97)."

Lantana aka. Lantana spp. "A popular, low-growing evergreen perennial that attracts butterflies and blooms all summer long in shades of red, orange, and purple. The berries contain the highest level of toxins while they are still green. If ingested, the [unripe] berries can cause visual problems, weakness, vomiting, heart problems, and death (Stewart, 119)."

*I've actually tried this one, the flavor is quite date like. The variety I sampled had a poor flesh to seed ratio, it was mostly seed. The ripe berries are a dark, shiny, blue-black, if you wait too long they start to shrivel and look like peppercorns.

Cherries aka. Prunus avium or Prunus cerasus cultivars "The seeds or pits of cherries contain a substance called cyanogenic glycosides, which can act as a form of cyanide. If you accidentally swallow a cherry seed, you likely won't have to worry because it wouldn't be enough to do much harm. However, if you consumed a lot or if you chewed the seeds, thus releasing the substance, it could be pretty dangerous (Tornio, 156)"

*Almonds, Plums, Nectarines, Peaches, Apricots, and Apples are all also related and contain varying amounts of cyanogenic glycosides in their seeds/pits/nuts. With if I remember correctly the most potent being apricots

My point kind of got lost along the way, but when it comes to poisonous produce there's usually a specific way to prep it that neutralizes the poison. A timing thing where it has to be PERFECTLY RIPE. Or the poison is in low enough doses that you would need to eat a truly ridiculous amount to actually even notice it.

btw on the topic of locally grown food:

there are probably SEVERAL foods that are native to your area that you will never see in stores because farming them commercially just isn't profitable. example from my area: pawpaws, which are native to the american southeast and are said to taste like a mixture between a mango and a banana, which has made me DESPERATE to try one.

I'm gonna buy a sapling one of these days. I want the forbidden smoothie so bad.

#long post #i worked on this for two hours straight

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futuremarketinsightsreports · 4 years ago

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Global Oxalic Acid Market Market By System Type, By End User, By Region, Industry Analysis and Forecast, 2019 – 2029

Oxalic Acid Market: Drivers and restraints

To Get Sample Copy of Report visit @ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/sample/rep-gb-1267

Oxalic Acid Market: Segmentation

On the basis of application, global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Rare earth Industry

Pharmaceuticals

Textile

Other (Cleaning, Surface Dust Removal.)

On the basis of manufacturing process, the global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Nitric Acid Oxidation Process

Sodium Formate Dehydrogenation Process

Dialkyl Oxalate Hydrolysis Process

Download Methodology of this Report @ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/askus/rep-gb-1267

Oxalic Acid Market: Region Wise Outlook

Oxalic Acid Market: Key market Players

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About FMI

Future Market Insights (FMI) is a leading provider of market intelligence and consulting services, serving clients in over 150 countries. FMI is headquartered in Dubai, the global financial capital, and has delivery centers in the U.S. and India. FMI’s latest market research reports and industry analysis help businesses navigate challenges and make critical decisions with confidence and clarity amidst breakneck competition. Our customized and syndicated market research reports deliver actionable insights that drive sustainable growth. A team of expert-led analysts at FMI continuously tracks emerging trends and events in a broad range of industries to ensure that our clients prepare for the evolving needs of their consumers.

Contact

Mr. Abhishek Budholiya

Unit No: AU-01-H Gold Tower (AU), Plot No: JLT-PH1-I3A,

Jumeirah Lakes Towers, Dubai,

United Arab Emirates

MARKET ACCESS DMCC Initiative

For Sales Enquiries: [email protected]

For Media Enquiries: [email protected]

Website: https://www.futuremarketinsights.com

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maximuswolf · 4 years ago

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Amazing health benefits of GUAVA/AMRUD fruit and leaves via /r/herbalism

Amazing health benefits of GUAVA/AMRUD fruit and leaves

AMRUD (GUAVA)

Guava which is commonly known as Amrud, is a fruit with a sweet and a slight astringent taste. It is a small tree belonging to the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). Native to tropical areas from southern Mexico to northern South America, guava trees have been grown by many other countries having tropical and subtropical climates.

It has anti-oxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, Anti-diarrhoeal, Anti-hypotensive, Analgesic & Anti-hypertensive, Antifungal, Antipyretic property.

It has different names in different languages such as in English(Guava), Marathi(Jamba, Jambh, Peru), Hindi(Amrood), Gujarati(Jamrud, Jamrukh, Peru), Kannada(Gova, Jamaphala, Perala, Sibi, Sebehabbu), Bengali(Goaachhi, peyara), Malayalam(Pera, Koyya), Tamil(Koyya, Segappugoyya, Sengoyya, Vellaikoyya, Uyyakkondan), Telugu(Jama), Oriya(Bodojamo, Jamo, Julabojamo, Pijuli), Sanskrit( amrutaphalam, maduphalam, peruka, bahubeej).

Guava fruit discription

Guava fruit generally have a pronounced and typical fragrance. Guava pulp may be sweet or sour, tasting something between pear and strawberry, off-white ("white" guavas) to deep pink ("red" guavas), with the seeds in the central pulp of variable number and hardness, depending on species. The fruits are fleshy, sweet and emanate a slight but pleasant odor.

Vitamin and mineral content

Vitamin : B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, K, A

Mineral : Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Podium, Zinc, copper

• It has more vitamin C than the orange.

• Guava contains a large number of antioxidants and phytochemicals including essential oils, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, enzymes, and triterpenoid acid alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and saponins.

- Guava contains a higher content of vitamin C and vitamin A.

- Guava is also a very good source of the pectin which is an important dietary fiber.

- It has high content of flavonoids, fructose sugar and carotenoids.

- There are 41 hydrocarbons 25 esters, 13 alcohols and 9 aromatic compounds in guava

• The strong pleasant smell of fruit is credited to the carbonyl compounds.

• Guava fruit contains terpenes, caryophyllene oxide and p-selinene in large quantity which produce relaxation effects.

- The skin of fruit contains ascorbic acid in very high amount; however, it may be destroyed by heat.

- Ascorbic acid and citric acid are the major ingredients of guava that play important role in anti-mutagenic activity.

- The fruit contains saponin, oleanolic acid, lyxopyranoside, arabopyranoside, guaijavarin, quercetin and flavonoids.

• Essential oil is present in leaves which contain α-pinene, limonene, β-pinene, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, terpenyl acetate, caryophyllene, longicyclene and β-bisabolene. Leaves of guava have a lot of volatile compounds.

- Oleanolic acid is also found in the guava leaves. Leaves have high content of limonene about 42.1% and caryophyllene about 21.3%.

• The bark includes 12–30% of tannin and polyphenols, crystals of calcium oxalate.

- Tannin is also present in roots. Leukocyanidins, gallic acid and sterols are also present in roots. Carbohydrates with salts are present in abundance. Tannic acid is also its part.

Benefits, uses and application

1) It is used as food and in the preparation of food products. It is also used in house construction and toys making.

2) Guava leaves has great medicinal properties and use in the treatment of various illness.

3) Drinking guava leaves juice, is one of the best way to Lowering Cholesterol, Lowering Blood-Sugar Levels and Preventing Type2 Diabetes.

- When guava is eaten, the dietary fiber present in it enters the body, binds to bile acid and excretes it out of the body. Now, bile acid is required by the body for the digestion of fat. To produce this bile acid, the body uses cholesterol, which is present in the body. Because cholesterol is being used for the synthesis of bile acid, its concentration in the blood decreases and hence, the overall blood cholesterol level is reduced.

4) Take unripe guava. Cut it and apply sendha namak and roast. Eat this roasted guava to treat cough. OR. Take few leaves of guava. Clean them properly and crush them in mortar and pestle and made paste. Add in glass of water and boil till water reduces to 1/4 of initial amount, filter and drink it is lukewarm.

5) Guava leaves imparts anti-stress effects. Drink herbal tea of guava leaves(Add some guava leaves in cup of water reduce half and then drink).

6) Chewing leaf is a common remedy for upset stomach, gum bleeding, bad breath, mouth ulceretc.

7) Guava leaves decoction or infusion is useful in treating fever, spasm and rheumatism.

8) For Diarrhoea, dysentery, colitis and stomach pain : Take fresh Guava leaves , crush them in mortar and pestle. Boil water, add this crushed leaves and dry ginger powder. Cook till water reduces to 1/4th of initial volume. Filter and drink one cup of this decoction, every three to four hours. Bark decoction is also very good diarrhoea.

- Drink infusion of bark or eat bark powder(3-5 grams) with water, 2-4 times a day. This is very good remedy for mild food poisoning, hyperacidity, anal itching and indigestion.

> Guava leaves have quercetin-3-arabinoside and quercetin which can be isolated from leaves. Its leaves contain a compound which has morphine like action. It controls the muscular tone. Quercetin repressed intestinal contraction encouraged by enhanced absorption of calcium. Quercetin has a strong effect on ileum. It is thought that quercetin in guava leaf are responsible for its spasmolytic activity. Guava has high cytotoxicity. Guava can be used to treat the diarrhea caused by the E. coli or S. aureus toxins.

9) For Fever : Boil the water, add giloy (Gaduchi) steam, few Gauva leaves and 2-3 Tulsi leaves, reduce it to 1/4th of initial and drink it when it is luke warm. This preparation also improve liver function. OR. Drink fresh Guava leaf juice.

10) For Gum problems, tooth ache and Bad breath : Boil water add some leaves of crushed gauva leaves, sendhwa namak(or salt) and clove(Laung) oil or eucalyptus oil. Boil this mixture for 2-3 minutes. Gargle this mixture 2-3 times a day when it is luke warm. It's antibacterial, antiviral properties helps to get rid of such problems.

11) Tree bark decoction and poultice(paste made of herbs, plants, and other substances with healing properties. The paste is spread on a warm, moist cloth and applied to the body to relieve inflammation and promote healing) is very good remedy for ulcer wound or normal wounds. It's astringent, antibacterial, antiinflammatory property helps cure wounds.

> Guava leaves decoction has an astringent (tends to constrict body tissues), antimicrobial, antiviral and antiseptic (controls growth of infection causing microorganisms) activities. Due to these action this decoction can be used externally to wash infections and kill bacteria.

12) For pimples and acne, apply paste of leaves and water preparation on face.

13) Fresh guava leaves paste is applied on painful joints to reduce swelling and pain.

- Guava can alter the heme oxygenase-1 protein’s(play role in inflammation) work. And due to this reason, it can be used as anti-inflammatory agent for skin.

14) As per ayurveda, consuming Guava friut helps to strengthen the heart and immunity.

- According to modern science, Guava leaf extract might be beneficial in the management of atherosclerosis. This is due to the presence of ethyl gallate and quercetin in Guava.

15) Guava juice is an effective remedy to treat dengue fever. It is recommended to drink the guava juice at least three times in a day for effective results.

16) It reduces all types of doshas such Tridosha(Tridosha nashak).

17) Guava flowers have been used to treat bronchitis, eye sores and to cool the body.

18) Because of its high level of pectin, guavas are extensively used to make candies, preserves, jellies, jams, and marmalades.

Note : 1) If diabetic person want eat or drink guava fruit, then they have to reduce or cut their other carbohydrates content that they take. With this it's high content of dietary fiber reduce or maintain sugar level. Pls consult doctor before use.

2) While eating guava do not chew its seeds instead swallow as chewing reduces its laxative properties. And do not peel skin of guava.

3) Pink guavas contain twice the amount of lycopene present in tomatoes. Lycopene is an antioxidant that protects our skin from being damaged by UV rays and environmental pollution.

4) Overconsumption of guava may also cause bloating and flatulence. Hence eat limited and live long.

Refrence :

1) GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017, 01(02), 013–019 ; f_extracts

Click here for more information

2) International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017 Apr; 18(4): 897. ; PMCID: PMC5412476

3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628524/

4) The phytochemistry and medicinal value of Psidium guajava (guava) ; https://clinphytoscience.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40816-018-0093-8

5) A short review on a Nutritional Fruit : Guava ; December 2018Toxicology Research 1(1):1-8 ; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330702066_A_short_review_on_a_Nutritional_Fruit_Guava

6) Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Extracts of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) on Two Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria ; https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmicro/2013/746165/

7) sciencedirect.com

8) PUBMED

9) Wikipedia

10) Local tradition and knowledge

11) Sushruta Samhita

12) Charak Samhita

13) WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH ; wjpmr, 2019,5(3), 204-214 ; FRUITS IN CLASSICAL TEXTS OF AYURVEDA

14) Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2018; 6(4): 44-47

15) Ayurvedacolleage.com

Submitted November 09, 2020 at 09:37PM by kbjawadwar1 via reddit https://ift.tt/2UfrbJy

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freefollowerstool · 4 years ago

Link

According to scientific studies, drinking a glass of warm lemon juice is among the best morning practices. It not only has antioxidants, but it is also rich in volatile oils, carbohydrates, vitamins b and c, potassium and many other healthy substances.

The daily consumption of lemon water grants a number of health benefits such as boosting immunity, regulating the pH levels in the body, aiding in digestion, and helping with weight loss by lessening cravings.

Lemon juice can also treat these 13 health problems:

ACNE

Rubbing a squeezed lemon on the face is believed to be an effective cleansing technique. It can prevent acne as it processes the body’s acidity.

KIDNEY STONES

Due to its potassium content, lemons have the capability to increase the citrate levels in an individual’s urine, preventing oxalate formation.

GALLBLADDER ACHE

The ache brought about by gall bladder stones can be relieved by drinking lemon water.

GASTROESOPHAEGAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)

Drinking lemon water instead of artificial antacids is advisable due to the natural components found in lemons.

COLDS AND FLU

With lemons being rich in natural antioxidants such as vitamin C, studies suggest it as a treatment for colds and the flu due to its antibacterial properties.

IMMUNE SYSTEM BOOST

Drinking lemon water can help enhance the lymphatic function of the body, which works hand-in-hand with the immune system in freeing the body of pathogens.

FIBROMYALGIA

Lemon juice, together with yoga stretches, can relieve the body from exhaustion brought about by fibromyalgia.

SUPPRESSES APPETITE AND HELPS WEIGHT LOSS

Lemon juice is rich in vitamins capable of regulating the blood sugar level in our body. It is also good for one’s digestion because of its function in bile production that is responsible for food break down. It also has pectin fiber, a compound that helps one control hunger.

INFLAMMATION

Lemons have anti-inflammatory substances that can neutralize acidity in the body.

SORE MUSCLES

The pain after a heavy workout can also be solved through the consumption of lemon juice.

PAIN AND SWELLING OF JOINT

Inflammation and arthritis can also be treated through lemon juice consumption as it reduces build-up of uric acid in the body’s joints

PREVENT FOOD BORNE DISEASES

Lemon has the ability to prevent food poisoning, which is occurs most often when traveling. It can also relieve pain caused by vertebrae compression.

STRENGTHEN FINGER NAILS

Lemon juice has the ability to remove the white spots in your finger and toenails and can also strengthen them.

Via: HealthyTips, CentralReaders

#Health Tips #Health Nation #Diet #Fitness #Exercise

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marketreport · 4 years ago

Text

Oxalic Acid Market Likely to Emerge over a Period of 2019 – 2029

Oxalic acid is a colorless, crystalline substance with sharp, sour taste. Oxalic acid is at high concentration can be a dangerous poison. It’s a part of carboxylic acid family.Oxalic acid is soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Oxalic acid is widely used as bleaching or cleaning agent. Oxalic acid Market is used as a mordant in dying process. Oxalic acid is used in pharmaceutical to purification or dilution purpose.Another important application of oxalic acid is to smelt rare earth. Oxalic acid is used as bleaching agent in textile and wood industry. Oxalic acid plays a vital role as rust-remover for metal treatment industry as well as water treatment. The estimated oxalic acid consumption was about 190 million metric tons at the end of 2009.

Oxalic Acid Market: Drivers and restraints

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On the other hand, due to its toxic and corrosive nature, industrial as well as household use and handling might create restrain in the demand of Oxalic acid.

Oxalic Acid Market: Segmentation

On the basis of application, global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Rare earth Industry

Pharmaceuticals

Textile

Other (Cleaning, Surface Dust Removal.)

On the basis of manufacturing process, the global Oxalic Acid Marketis segmented into:

Nitric Acid Oxidation Process

Sodium Formate Dehydrogenation Process

Dialkyl Oxalate Hydrolysis Process

Oxalic Acid Market: Region Wise Outlook

Oxalic Acid Market: Key market Players

Regional analysis includes:

North America (U.S., Canada)

Latin America (Mexico. Brazil)

Western Europe (Germany, Italy, France, U.K, Spain, Nordic countries, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg)

Eastern Europe (Poland, Russia)

Asia Pacific (China, India, ASEAN, Australia & New Zealand)

Japan

Middle East and Africa (GCC, S. Africa, N. Africa)

Ask an Analyst @https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/ask-question/rep-gb-1267

Report Highlights:

Detailed overview of parent market

Changing market dynamics in the industry

In-depth market segmentation

Historical, current and projected market size in terms of volume and value

Recent industry trends and developments

Competitive landscape

Strategies of key players and products offered

Potential and niche segments, geographical regions exhibiting promising growth

A neutral perspective on market performance

Must-have information for market players to sustain and enhance their market footprint

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