#thoroughwort

[eijukawai]

フジバカマ

2023.10.13

秋の七草、フジバカマってご存知ですか？藤袴って書きます。

私の勝手な意見ですが、秋の七草って花を楽しむものですが決して華やかな花はありません。いずれも日本で古くから親しめている花です。どこか奥ゆかしさ��感じるのは私だけでしょうか？

秋の七草ってすべて言えますか？一度、興味があれば調べてみてください。こんな花があったのかって思うかも知れませんよ。

こんな奥ゆかしい花を見ながら秋を楽しんでたなんて、四季を楽しむ日本人らしいなって思います。

写真はそんなフジバカマの写真です。ちょうど蕾もあったので一緒に撮ってみました。

ね？この花が身近に咲いてても、これが秋の七草だって気づかないでしょ？

そうなんです。知ってる人だけが楽しめるのが秋の七草なんです。

[scrumpyfan43]

Moth sipping at the late-flowering thoroughwort

[faguscarolinensis]

Bombus on Eupatorium fistulosum / Bumblebees on Hollow Joe-Pye Weed at the Juniper Level Botanical Gardens in Raleigh, NC

[huariqueje]

Late-Flowering Thoroughwort -   Matt Bollinger , 2023.

American, b. 1980 -

Flashe and acrylic on canvas, 50 x 60 cm.

[phantasy14]

thoroughwort- remember that day

[lierrelearns]

皇居東御苑 The East Gardens of the Imperial (HIgashi-Gyoen) 所要時間 大手本 → 本丸、二の丸ーー大手門 およそ60分 →二の丸、ーーー平川門 およそ30分 →本丸ーーーー北桔橋門 およそ30分

乾門　Inui-mon Gate 至千鳥ヶ淵　For Chidorigafuchi 科学技術館　Science Museum 国立公文書館　National Archives of Japan 東京国立近代武術間　The National Museum of MODERN ART, Tokyo 乾濠　Inui-bori Moat 発券所　Ticket office 北桔橋門　Kita-hanebashi-mon Gate 平川濠　Hirakawa-bori Moat 1a出口 (Exit) 地下鉄　竹橋駅　Takebashi Sta. 清水濠　Shimizu-bori Moat 平川門　Hirakawa-mon Gate 天守台　Tenshudai (Tenshukaku Dunjon Base) 宮内庁書陵部庁舎　Shoryobu (Archives and Mausolea Department Bldg.) 桃華楽堂　Gakubu (Music Department Bldg.) 梅林坂　Bairin-zaka Slope 都道府県の木　Symbolic Prefectural Tree Emblems 天神濠　Tenjin-bori Moat 発券所　Ticket office 大手濠　Ote-bori Moat 内堀通り　Uchibori-street 諏訪の茶屋　Suwano-chaya Tea House 竹林　Bamboo Garden 石室　Ishimuro (Stone Cellar) 桜の島　Sakura Blossom Island 富士見多門　Fujimi-tamon Defence-house バラ園　Rose Garden 茶畑　Tea Garden ユーロッパアカマツ　Scots Pine 本丸　Honmaru 本丸大芝生　Honmaru Oshibafu (Lawn) 本丸休憩所　Honmaru Rest House 汐見坂　Shiomizaka Slope 白鳥濠　Hakucho-bori Moat 展望台　Observatory 二の丸休憩所　Ninomaru Rest House 二の丸雑木林　Ninomaru Grove 秋の七草　The Seven Flowers of Autumn 新雑木林　Renewed Grove 菖蒲田　Iris Garden 二の丸庭園　Ninomaru Garden 蓮池濠　Hausike-bori Moat 松の大廊下跡　Site of Matsuno-o-roka Corridor 果樹古品種園　Orchard (Old Species of Japanese Fruits) 野草の島　Wild Grass Island 緑の泉　Green Fountain 中雀門跡　Site of Chujaku-mon Gate 大番所　O-bansho Guardhouse 中之門跡　Site of Nakano-mon Gate 百人番所　Hyakunin-bansho Guardhouse 同心番所　Doshin-bansho Guardhouse 大手休憩所　Ote Rest House 三の丸尚蔵館　Sannomaru Shozokan　The museum of the Imperial Collections 皇居東御苑管理事務所　Office of the East Gardens of the Imperial Palace 発券所　Ticket Office 大手門　Ote-mon Gate 現在地　You are Here C13b出口 (Exit)　Otemachi Sta. 坂下門　Sakashita-mon Gate 富士見櫓　Fujimi-yagura (Mt. Fuji View Keep 蛤濠　Hamaguri-bori Moat 桔梗門　Kikyo-mon Gate 桔梗濠　Kikyo-bori Moat ←至　二重橋　For Nijubashi Bridge 皇居外苑　Kokyi gaien National garden 至 JR東京駅　For Tokyo Sta. 和田倉噴水公園　Wadakura Fountain Park 日比谷通り　Hibiya-street

皇居東御苑は、旧江戸城本丸、二の丸及び三の丸の一部を皇居付属庭園として、宮中行事に支障のない限り次のように公開(無量)しています。（Free of charge）

１．出入門 大手門、平川門、北桔橋門の３つの門から出入り出来ます。 ２．休園日 （１）月曜日及び金曜日 ただし、天皇誕生日以外の「国民の祝日等の休日」は公開します。なお、月曜日が休日で公開する場合は、火曜日（休日を除く）を休園します。 （２）12月28日から翌年1月3日までの日 ３．入園手続き 入園するは、各門内の発券所で入園票を受け取り、退園の際にはいずれかの発券所にお返し下さい。 宮内庁

１．The Gardens are open on the following days. However the Gardens are closed in the period between 28 December and 3 January and may be closed due to Court functions and other reasons. ① Wednesdays ② Thursdays ③ Saturdays ④ Sundays ⑤ National Holidays (excluding the Emperor’s Birthday, 23 December) ⑥ Mondays immediately following the National Holiday which falls on Sunday ⑦ Tuesdays (excluding Tuesday immediately following ⑤ and ⑥) ２．While you are in the Gardens, please keep the plastic ticket which you will receive at the gate. Please return the ticket to the officer at the exit gate. IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD AGENCY

公益財団法人菊葉文化協会 寄贈 財団法人日本宝くじ協会

Vocab 皇居（こうきょ）imperial 御苑（ぎょえん）imperial garden 所要時間（しょようじかん）time required, time taken 至（し）to 科学時術（かがくじじゅつ）science and technology 近代美術館（きんだいびじゅつかん）museum of modern art 濠（ほり）moat, canal 発券（はっけん）issuing (a ticket, etc.) 宮内庁（くないちょう）Imperial Household Agency 書陵部（しょりょうぶ）agency that takes care of records and the tombs 庁舎（ちょうしゃ）government office building 梅林（ばいりん）plum grove 都道府県（とどうふけん）prefectures of Japan 竹林（ちくりん）bamboo grove 茶畑（ちゃばたけ）tea field ユーロッパアカマツ Scots/Scotch pine, Pinus slyvestris 芝生（しばふ）lawn, grass 休憩所（きゅうけいしょ）rest area, rest stop 展望台（てんぼうだい）observation deck 雑木林（ぞうきばやし）thicket; grove of miscellaneous trees 秋の七草（あきのななくさ）seven flowers of autumn: bush clover, Chinese silvergrass, kudzu, fringed pink, golden lace, thoroughwort, and balloon flower 菖蒲（しょうぶ）Japanese iris (Iris ensata var. ensata) [coll.] 果樹（かじゅ）fruit tree 品種（ひんしゅ）breed variety, cultivar 野草（のぐさ）wild grasses 泉（いずみ）fountain 番所（ばんしょ）guardhouse 桔梗（ききょう）Chinese bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorus) 外苑（がいえん）outer garden 噴水（ふんすい）water fountain 付属（ふぞく）being attached (to), belonging (to) 宮中（きゅうちゅう）imperial court 行事（ぎょうじ）event, function 支障（ししょう）obstacle, hindrance 休園日（きゅうえんび）day on which a park (or kindergarten or zoo) is closed 祝日（しゅくじつ）national holiday なお　furthermore 除く（のぞく）to exclude, except 手続き（てつづき）procedure, process 票（ひょう）ticket, stub (suffix) 公益財団法人（こうえきざいだんほうじん）public interest incorporated foundation 文化協会（ぶんかきょうかい）cultural association 公益財団法人菊葉文化協会（こうえきざいだんほうじんきくようぶんかきょうかい）a cultural association that focuses its research on making artifacts of the imperial household available to the public. 寄贈（きぞう）donation, gift 宝くじ（たからくじ）lottery ticket

[tameblog]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[ramestoryworld]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[alexha2210]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[angusstory]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[tumibaba]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[romaleen]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[monaleen101]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[iamownerofme]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

[shelyold]

Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link

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Eupatorium spp. Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants that brings together a diverse group known as bonesets or thoroughworts. These versatile plants serve multiple purposes in the garden, attracting and supporting a diverse range of pollinators. Boneset can be incorporated into borders, native plant gardens, meadows, prairies, and wildflower gardens, adding both aesthetic appeal and ecological value. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission. Beyond their ornamental and ecological benefits, bonesets also have medicinal properties, which are of interest to gardeners and herbalists alike. Their historical use in traditional medicine has led to their inclusion in many herbal practices today, where they are valued for their potential therapeutic qualities. Ready to learn more? Grab your gardening gloves and join us as we discuss how to cultivate boneset in your landscape. Here’s what we’ll cover: Boneset plants produce clusters of small, fluffy flowers that form eye-catching inflorescences, featured on tall and sturdy stems. As the flowers fade, they often give way to small, dry fruits or seed heads, adding interest to the late-season garden. You may notice that bonesets look very similar to joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.). Joe pye-weed was formerly classified in the Eupatorium genus, and in 2012 was reclassified as Eutrochium. Together, the flowers and fruit of boneset plants create a visually appealing display that attracts pollinators and adds beauty to any garden or landscape. Quick Look Common name(s): Boneset, feverwort, thoroughwort Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-8 Native to: Temperate Northern Hemisphere Bloom time / season: Summer Exposure: Full sun to part shade Soil type: Average, moist, well draining Soil pH: 6.5-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral Time to maturity: 1 year (from seed) Mature size: Up to 4 ft wide x up to 6 ft high (depending on species) Best uses: Beds, borders, cottage gardens, meadows, prairie gardens, rain gardens Taxonomy Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Eupatorium Species: Altissimum, capillifolium, fortunei, maculatum, perfoliatum, serotinum These plants love moisture and are suitable for cultivation in rain gardens or areas where water tends to collect. They spread via underground rhizomes and will happily colonize garden beds and borders, so choose your planting site accordingly. Eupatorium is a member of the aster or Asteraceae family, and there are approximately 60 species in the genus, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Some species can be found in tropical South America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Most bonesets are herbaceous perennials, but some tropical types can grow into tree-like or shrubby forms. Of the many species in this genus, the most common boneset known and grown in home gardens is E. perfoliatum. Also known as common or American boneset, feverwort, or thoroughwort, historically E. perfoliatum was used medicinally as a diaphoretic and analgesic, to alleviate fevers or cold symptoms, and for healing broken bones. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Native Americans used boneset medicinally and considered it a cure-all for many ailments. When gardeners and herbalists think of the term “boneset,” this species is the one that comes to mind. The plants are mildly toxic when ingested in large doses as they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At the same time, this is also one of the reasons why they are valued for their medicinal qualities. While it’s a favorite of many herbalists, some recommend staying away from remedies using boneset until more research is available regarding safe dosage. How to Grow Boneset In USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 8, bonesets grow as perennials. Since they can spread quite quickly in ideal conditions, be sure to choose a location where they won’t crowd out other plants. Light For best flower production, a spot in full sun is best. But they’ll be quite happy in part shade, and will thrive on the edges of woodland in filtered sunlight. Soil Depending on the species, boneset is best cultivated in moist, well-draining soil but will tolerate average soils as well as chalk, clay, loam, or sandy soils. Since sandy soil drains quickly, be sure to amend it before planting with water-retentive organic materials such as compost. These plants prefer a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0. Water Boneset needs consistent moisture and should not be allowed to dry out. Use your finger to check the soil moisture and if its at all dry, give the plants some water! Fertilizing Eupatorium species will not need fertilizing unless your soil is extremely depleted. Conduct a soil test to check what nutrients are missing and use a mild fertilizer to amend according to the results of the test. If you wish, you can side dress with compost or use a very mild, balanced fertilizer in early spring when you see new growth emerging, but it’s not really necessary. Species to Select Each Eupatorium species brings its own unique characteristics and qualities that can enhance your garden landscape. Here are some common boneset species that are well-suited for different gardening preferences and purposes. Cannabinum Native to Europe, this wildflower is popular in England, and its leaves resemble those of hemp, inspiring its nickname, hemp agrimony. Loved for the beautiful, tiny pink flowers that appear from summer into fall, E. cannabinum grows up to four feet tall and spreads about four feet wide. Plant in mixed herbaceous borders, along a the edges of a pond, or as part of a cottage garden scheme. E. Cannabinum This species is suitable for cultivation in USDA Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. You can find packets of 20 seeds available via Amazon. Perfoliatum Native to North America and Canada, E. perfoliatum features white blooms in July and August. It can withstand a wide range of conditions and is low maintenance, grows well in full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate full shade. E. Perfoliatum E. perfoliatum forms clumps of unbranched stems, spreads up to four feet wide, and grows up to six feet tall. You can find packets of 100 seeds available at Earthbeat Seeds. Serotinum Also known as late boneset, E. serotinum provides gardens with white flowers from late summer to fall. Native to eastern and central North America, it performs best in full sun to part shade in moist, well-draining soils. It grows up to six feet tall, though the size of the plant is significantly affected by moisture levels. Plant it in wildflower and native plant gardens, prairies, meadows, and naturalized areas. This species is moderately deer resistant. Maintenance If you wish, you can cut back the foliage in fall to tidy the garden as it will dieback naturally as winter sets in. You don’t need to prune your boneset, but to encourage prolific blooming, you can give them a trim in early summer before flowering. Deadheading will not encourage this plant to rebloom, though it will help control seed spread. Plan to divide plants every few years and thin out large clumps so they don’t take over. Propagation Boneset can be propagated by sowing seeds, taking stem cuttings, or by division if you have a mature clump. Let’s take a look at each method: From Seed Collect ripe seeds from a mature plant or purchase them from a reputable supplier. The seeds ripen about a month after flowering and should be collected when the seed heads are dry and have started to split, but before the seeds begin to float away. If you collect them a bit earlier, you can dry the seed heads by spreading them out in a protected place or keeping them in an open paper bag for approximately one to two weeks until they have dried out completely. Shake the dry flower heads to remove the seeds, and store them in a dry, cool place until you are ready to sow. If you choose to sow boneset seeds directly into the garden, you will need to do this in the late fall to provide a period of cold stratification. For spring sowing, mix the seeds with some moist sand and store them in the refrigerator for 60 days before sowing outdoors. Sow seeds one to two feet apart, about 1/8 of an inch deep. Water them in well, and maintain consistent moisture. Seeds can also be started indoors if you prefer. Here’s how: Fill a flat with seed-starting mix. Scatter your seeds onto the surface of the soil, gently pressing them into the potting medium. Moisten the medium and set it in bright, indirect light. Provide consistent temperatures of 70 to 85°F, using a heat mat if you need to. Maintain even moisture at all times, but don’t allow the soil to become waterlogged. Seedlings may be transplanted outside when they are six or so inches tall. Be sure to harden them off to outdoor conditions first, gradually increasing exposure over the course of about a week. From Cuttings Softwood cuttings will root quite easily, usually within a few weeks. It’s best to take cuttings when plants are not flowering, in late spring or early summer. Take four- to six-inch stem cuttings and remove the leaves from the bottom two to three inches. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone if you wish, and plant in a pot or tray filled with well-draining potting medium. A mix of perlite and peat moss works well. Keep the cuttings in a warm location, exposed to bright, indirect light – and maintain even moisture in the soil. When the last frost date has passed in your area, rooted cuttings can be transplanted out into the garden. By Division Mature boneset plants can be divided in the fall as they start to go dormant, or in spring as shoots appear. Using a shovel or spade, carefully cut through the crown between two stems or stem buds. You will want to choose a section with one intact bud, which will grow into a new shoot, and a cluster of rhizomatous roots attached to it. After you have selected a section, gently separate it from the main plant by cutting through the roots. Immediately replant the new division at the same depth as the parent plant. You can learn more about dividing perennials here. Transplanting Wait to plant out until nighttime temperatures remain above 65°F. Seedlings may take up to a year before they are large enough to be transplanted outdoors permanently. For planting in the ground, space transplants about 16 inches apart for smaller species, or 30 to 54 inches apart for larger ones. If you wish to cultivate in containers, choose a pot that’s about 12 to 15 inches in diameter, with adequate drainage holes, to give the plants some room to spread. Managing Pests and Disease Mammals, birds, and reptiles do not typically target boneset plants as food options. Photo by Nan Schiller. Usually considered resistant to pests and diseases, you shouldn’t experience issues with many of the insects described below, if any. Let’s take a look at a few pests that may be attracted to your plants. Flea Beetles The feeding of these shiny-coated beetles leaves shotholes in the foliage. They generally won’t cause fatal damage but infestations can cause plants to look unhealthy and lack vigor. In the case of a large infestation you can apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, making sure to spray all over the plant. Yellow Sticky Traps Placing yellow sticky traps in your garden can help to trap flea beetles as well. Find yellow sticky traps available via Amazon. Read more about dealing with flea beetles in our guide. Lygus Bugs Lygus bugs, aka tarnished plant bugs, are species in the Lygus genus, and they use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap. Their presence can cause damage to leaves, buds, and flowers. This damage can manifest as distorted growth, necrotic spots, or stippling of the foliage. Like other insects, lygus bugs have natural predators such as parasitic wasps and other predatory insects, which will help keep populations from reaching pest levels. Sawflies These insects feed on the leaves, causing skeletonized foliage or defoliation. Infestations are unlikely to cause severe enough damage to require treatment, but they will affect your plant’s appearance. Fortunately, you have plenty of ways to get rid of these pests. Handpick them, and either crush or drop them in soapy water mixed with a bit of neem oil. Disease While they are not prone to disease, Eupatorium species can suffer from powdery mildew, especially if clumps grow quite large, limiting airflow. Root rot can take hold if the soil doesn’t drain adequately – even though they enjoy consistent moisture, the soil shouldn’t be allowed to become boggy for extended periods. Beauty, Benefits, and a Blossoming End The remarkable Eupatorium genus offers beauty, versatility, and benefits to both gardeners and the environment. With its attractive flowers, ability to attract pollinators, suitability for various garden settings, and resilient and low-maintenance nature, boneset is an attractive choice for any landscape design. Do you have experience with bonesets already? Please comment below, we’d love to hear from you! Are you a big fan of growing wildflowers in your landscape? Then check out these articles next: Photo by Nan Schiller © Ask the Experts, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for more details. Originally published June 24, 2023. Last updated January 26, 2025. Product photos via Chuxays Garden, Earthbeat Seeds, Glasgow’s Goods, and SeaBright. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. The staff at Gardener’s Path are not medical professionals and this article should not be construed as medical advice intended to assess, diagnose, prescribe, or promise cure. Gardener’s Path and Ask the Experts, LLC assume no liability for the use or misuse of the material presented above. Always consult with a medical professional before changing your diet or using plant-based remedies or supplements for health and wellness. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function()n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments); if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)(window, document,'script', ' fbq('init', '176410929431717'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); Source link