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papermoonloveslucy · 4 years ago

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GETTING OLD

May 20, 1949

“Getting Old” (aka “Liz Is Feeling Her Age”) is episode #44 of the radio series MY FAVORITE HUSBAND broadcast on May 20, 1949 on the CBS radio network.

Synopsis ~ Scanning her old high school yearbook, Liz decides she's old, and everything George does to try to snap her out of it just makes things worse. George tries to convince Liz that she's as glamourous as ever. His tactics misfire so George is forced to hire a psychiatrist.

Note: This episode partly inspired the “I Love Lucy” episode “The Inferiority Complex” (ILL S2;E18) aired on February 2, 1953, which also starred Gerard Mohr as a psychiatrist. In this case, however, the complex is replaced by fear of aging. There is another “My Favorite Husband” episode titled “Liz’s Inferiority Complex” (aka “Liz Develops an Inferiority Complex”) broadcast on February 3, 1951 which uses the notion of inferiority rather than aging. In that episode, the psychiatrist is played by Alan Reed.

“My Favorite Husband” was based on the novels Mr. and Mrs. Cugat, the Record of a Happy Marriage (1940) and Outside Eden (1945) by Isabel Scott Rorick, which had previously been adapted into the film Are Husbands Necessary? (1942). “My Favorite Husband” was first broadcast as a one-time special on July 5, 1948. Lucille Ball and Lee Bowman played the characters of Liz and George Cugat, and a positive response to this broadcast convinced CBS to launch “My Favorite Husband” as a series. Bowman was not available Richard Denning was cast as George. On January 7, 1949, confusion with bandleader Xavier Cugat prompted a name change to Cooper. On this same episode Jell-O became its sponsor. A total of 124 episodes of the program aired from July 23, 1948 through March 31, 1951. After about ten episodes had been written, writers Fox and Davenport departed and three new writers took over – Bob Carroll, Jr., Madelyn Pugh, and head writer/producer Jess Oppenheimer. In March 1949 Gale Gordon took over the existing role of George’s boss, Rudolph Atterbury, and Bea Benaderet was added as his wife, Iris. CBS brought “My Favorite Husband” to television in 1953, starring Joan Caulfield and Barry Nelson as Liz and George Cooper. The television version ran two-and-a-half seasons, from September 1953 through December 1955, running concurrently with “I Love Lucy.” It was produced live at CBS Television City for most of its run, until switching to film for a truncated third season filmed (ironically) at Desilu and recasting Liz Cooper with Vanessa Brown.

MAIN CAST

Lucille Ball (Liz Cooper) was born on August 6, 1911 in Jamestown, New York. She began her screen career in 1933 and was known in Hollywood as ‘Queen of the B’s’ due to her many appearances in ‘B’ movies. With Richard Denning, she starred in a radio program titled “My Favorite Husband” which eventually led to the creation of “I Love Lucy,” a television situation comedy in which she co-starred with her real-life husband, Latin bandleader Desi Arnaz. The program was phenomenally successful, allowing the couple to purchase what was once RKO Studios, re-naming it Desilu. When the show ended in 1960 (in an hour-long format known as “The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour”) so did Lucy and Desi’s marriage. In 1962, hoping to keep Desilu financially solvent, Lucy returned to the sitcom format with “The Lucy Show,” which lasted six seasons. She followed that with a similar sitcom “Here’s Lucy” co-starring with her real-life children, Lucie and Desi Jr., as well as Gale Gordon, who had joined the cast of “The Lucy Show” during season two. Before her death in 1989, Lucy made one more attempt at a sitcom with “Life With Lucy,” also with Gordon.

Richard Denning (George Cooper) was born Louis Albert Heindrich Denninger Jr., in Poughkeepsie, New York. When he was 18 months old, his family moved to Los Angeles. Plans called for him to take over his father’s garment manufacturing business, but he developed an interest in acting. Denning enlisted in the US Navy during World War II. He is best known for his roles in various science fiction and horror films of the 1950s. Although he teamed with Lucille Ball on radio in “My Favorite Husband,” the two never acted together on screen. While “I Love Lucy” was on the air, he was seen on another CBS TV series, “Mr. & Mrs. North.” From 1968 to 1980 he played the Governor on “Hawaii 5-0″, his final role. He died in 1998 at age 84.

Gale Gordon (Rudolph Atterbury) does not appear in this episode.

Ruth Perrott (Katie, the Maid) was also later seen on “I Love Lucy.” She first played Mrs. Pomerantz (above right), a member of the surprise investigating committee for the Society Matrons League in “Pioneer Women” (ILL S1;E25), as one of the member of the Wednesday Afternoon Fine Arts League in “Lucy and Ethel Buy the Same Dress” (ILL S3;E3), and also played a nurse when “Lucy Goes to the Hospital” (ILL S2;E16). She died in 1996 at the age of 96.

Bob LeMond (Announcer) also served as the announcer for the pilot episode of “I Love Lucy”. When the long-lost pilot was finally discovered in 1990, a few moments of the opening narration were damaged and lost, so LeMond – fifty years later – recreated the narration for the CBS special and subsequent DVD release.

GUEST CAST

Gerald Mohr Psychiatrist aka Charley ‘Chuck’ Stewart) also played psychiatrist Henry Molin, who masquerades as Ricky’s old friend Chuck Stewart in “The Inferiority Complex” (ILL S2;E18 ~ February 2, 1953), his only appearance on “I Love Lucy”. In return, Lucy and Desi appeared on his show “Sunday Showcase” that same year. He also made an appearance on “The Lucy Show” in “Lucy and Phil Harris” (TLS S6;E20 ~ February 5, 1968).

One of the few times an actor recreates his role in a television version of a radio script using the same name.

Bea Benadaret (Mrs. Annie Green) was considered the front-runner to be cast as Ethel Mertz but when “I Love Lucy” was ready to start production she was already playing a similar role on TV’s “The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show” so Vivian Vance was cast instead. On “I Love Lucy” she was cast as Lucy Ricardo’s spinster neighbor, Miss Lewis, in “Lucy Plays Cupid” (ILL S1;E15) in early 1952. Later, she was a success in her own show, “Petticoat Junction” as Shady Rest Hotel proprietress Kate Bradley. She starred in the series until her death in 1968.

This turn as an old lady may have given Lucille Ball the idea to cast her as elderly Miss Lewis on “I Love Lucy”.

EPISODE

ANNOUNCER: “As we look in on the Coopers, Liz is over by the bookcase, with books spread out all around her.”

Liz tells George her club is having an old book sale. George warns her not to sell any of his book, especially ones he hasn’t finished yet. She finds one with a bookmark and he tells her to put it back on the shelf: some books are too heavy to finish in one sitting.

GEORGE: “What’s the name of it?” LIZ: “’The Bobbsey Twins at the Seashore’”

“The Bobbsey Twins at the Seashore” was originally published in 1907, the third in a series of children’s books. There were 72 books in all, the first appearing in 1904 and the last in 1979. In 1953’s “The Camping Trip” (ILL S2;E29) Ethel referred to Lucy and Ricky as the Bobbsey Twins. In “No More Double Dates” (TLS S1;E21) they are mentioned again. They were authored by Laura Lee Hope, which was a pseudonym for a series of writers employed by the publisher.

Liz finds a book about how to play mahjong that George forgot to return to the library.

GEORGE: “When was it due?” LIZ: “May 13th. 1936!”

George wants to donate it to the sale, but Liz refuses to handle ‘hot’ merchandise. George sarcastically calls her Pear-Shape.

George is not referring to Liz’s figure, but to the character in the Dick Tracy comic strip named Pear-Shape Tone, who was part of the storyline from April to July 1949. He was a racketeer who would steal jewelry from his wealthier clients, then fence it to make a profit. One of his famous heists was referred to on “My Favorite Husband” in “Anniversary Presents” aired on May 13, 1949.

LIZ: “George, look! On the second shelf! ‘Little Men’ is leaning against ‘Little Women’! Oh, look, George! They’ve had a little pamphlet!”

“Little Women” (1868) and its sequel “Little Men” (1871) are books by Louisa May Alcott. A sequel was titled “Good Wives” (1869) but in America was combined with “Little Women” for publication. A third book (not a pamphlet) arrived in 1886 titled “Jo’s Boys.”

Liz finds the Arbutus, George’s old high school year book from 1929. George was a senior, Liz was a freshman. He reads some of the inscriptions from his friends. The book has a photo of Liz as a Freshman Princess - dimples in her knees.

LIZ: “I used to spend every evening kneeling on two collar buttons!”

Liz suddenly feels very old. She has turned from ‘a flower in the bloom of youth’ to ‘an old stink weed’. She starts to cry and decides to go to bed because old people need their rest.

In the morning Katie the Maid finds Liz gazing at herself in the mirror.

LIZ: “I haven’t felt so old since the day Shirley Temple got married.”

Former child star Shirley Temple married actor (and then Army Air Force Sergeant) John Agar on September 19, 1945, when she was just 17 years-old. At one time, Temple was one of Hollywood’s biggest box office stars. The marriage became troubled, and Temple divorced Agar on December 5, 1949. On December 16, 1950, Temple re-married to Charles Alden Black, a Navy intelligence officer and assistant to the President of the Hawaiian Pineapple Company.

George is concerned about Liz, so he visits a psychiatrist (Gerard Mohr). He tells her to flatter her and make her feel young again.

PSYCHIATRIST: “A few days of attention and you won’t be able to leave her alone without a sitter!”

George comes home and finds Liz in a rocking chair. He has brought her roses and candy. She begins to cry and is immediately suspicious of his motivations for bringing her gifts. She decides to go to her room - alone. George immediately starts to dial Dr. Stewart, humming while he does:

GEORGE: “Little Old Lady young and fair, you’re in everyone’s hair...”

The song “Little Old Lady” was a 1937 hit written by Hoagy Carmichael and Stanley Adams. It was also heard on stage and screen.

Dr. Stewart tells George that it is natural for a wife not to believe her husband. He suggests an outsider flattering her would be more convincing and he has just the person - himself! George reluctantly agrees and decides to say that Dr. Stewart is an old college friend. He will drop by at eight o’clock that evening.

When the doorbell rings, George announces him as Charley Stewart, who immediately takes Liz for George’s daughter. After some flattery, they decide to listen to the radio. Liz says her favorite she is “Life Begins at 80″.

“Life Begins at 80″ was a panel quiz show that aired on radio from 1948 to 1949, before making the shift to television in 1950. In it, octogenarians answered questions sent in by listeners. Jack Barry hosted.

Chuck insists that they play music and invites Liz to dance the Samba. After three hours, Chuck compliments her dancing, but George is getting impatient.

LIZ: “Treatment, George. Treatment!” GEORGE: “It looks more like a treat than a treatment.”

Chuck starts whispering amorous compliments into Liz’s ear just out of ear shot of George. He demands to know what’s going on.

LIZ: “Treatment, George! Treatment!” GEORGE: “What do you know about treatment?” LIZ: “Nothing. But whenever he says it you leave us alone.”

George finally can’t take anymore and tells Liz the truth about Chuck being a psychiatrist, telling him to leave at once. After Chuck leaves, George finds Liz back in her rocking chair lamenting her old age.

Next day the phone rings and Katie answers it. It is George, checking up on Liz, who Katie reports is making out her will.

KATIE: “She’s leaving you to me!”

George has a plan. He’s going to bring home a real old lady - seventy year-old Mrs. Green - to show Liz how young she really is. Katie finds Liz happily singing.

KATIE: “What’s happened to ya? Last night you were Grandma Moses and now you’re Junior Miss!”

Grandma Moses (1860-1961) was an American folk artist who began painting at the age of 78 and is often cited as an example of a person who successfully began a career at an advanced age. In “Nursery School” (ILL S5;E9) Lucy Ricardo is so proud of Little Ricky’s first drawing, she dubs him the next “Grandpa Moses.” The Ricardos had two framed prints by Grandma Moses next to their front door: “So Long” and “The Old Snow Roller.”

Junior Miss is a collection of semi-autobiographical stories by Sally Benson first published in The New Yorker. Between 1929 and the end of 1941, the prolific Benson published 99 stories. She had a bestseller when Doubleday published her Junior Miss collection in 1941. The stories inspired a Broadway play (1941), film (1945), radio series starring the aforementioned Shirley Temple (1942), and television show (1957).

Liz tells Katie that she got a call from the Psychiatrist asking her out on a date. Katie says that since she’s now in a more upbeat mood, she’d better call George and tell him not to go through with his plan. But Liz has other ideas. Since he tricked her by brining home a psychiatrist, Liz will trick him by pretending to be an old lady when she brings Mrs. Green home!

Liz dons a shawl, eyeglasses, a gray wig, and talks with a creaky voice. Mrs. Annie Green (Bea Benadaret) and ‘Lizzie’ sit down for a chat. Whatever question Mrs. Green asks, Liz answers “Penicillin”! Lizzie tells Annie that she can’t dance because she’s got the gout.

LIZZIE: “I can’t dance any unless I get oiled. In my joints, I mean.” ANNIE: “I’ve been oiled in few joints myself!” LIZZIE: “Oh, Annie! You’re a caution! Just cuz ya got snow on the roof don’t mean there’s no fire in the furnace.”

Annie tells Lizzie about a hot Bingo game in back of the Blue Bird Tea Shop (which just a front).

ANNIE: “Get your green eye shade and let’s go!” LIZZIE: “I’ll get my wheelchair! We can ride down.” ANNIE: “What model you got?” LIZZIE: “A real hopped-up job; I hooked it to a Mixmaster. I had some speed trials yesterday.” ANNIE: “What did ya make?” LIZZIE: “Fourteen miles an hour and a bunt cake!”

In 1930, the Sunbeam Company introduced the Mixmaster mixer, the first mechanical mixer with two detachable beaters whose blades interlocked. Several attachments were available for the Mixmaster, including a juice extractor, drink mixer, meat grinder–food chopper, and slicer–shredder. The Mixmaster became the company's flagship product for the next forty years.

George has had enough and tells Liz to stop, so she gives up the old lady act. She tells him she’s feeling better, but George lets it slip that he told Chuck to call and ask her out on a date. She’s distraught again and Annie and Lizzie toddle off to Bingo!

#My Favorite Husband #Lucille Ball #Richard Denning #Gerard Mohr #Bea Benadaret #Ruth Perrott #Mixmaster #Grandma Moses #Junior Miss #The Bobbsey Twins #Life Begins at 80 #Shirley Temple #Little Old Lady #John Agar #Gerald Mohr #Bob LeMond #Dick Tracy

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quietya · 6 years ago

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31 Days of quietYA: Books for Fans of Time Travel

If time travel is your thing, then I’ve got some good news for you - there’s a lot of it in YA. Some of these aren’t actually/strictly time travel, but you’ll get the gist.

Loop by Karen Akins

At a school where Quantum Paradox 101 is a required course and history field trips are literal, sixteen year-old time traveler Bree Bennis excels…at screwing up. After Bree botches a solo midterm to the 21st century by accidentally taking a boy hostage (a teensy snafu), she stands to lose her scholarship. But when Bree sneaks back to talk the kid into keeping his yap shut, she doesn't go back far enough. The boy, Finn, now three years older and hot as a solar flare, is convinced he's in love with Bree, or rather, a future version of her that doesn't think he's a complete pain in the arse. To make matters worse, she inadvertently transports him back to the 23rd century with her. Once home, Bree discovers that a recent rash of accidents at her school are anything but accidental. Someone is attacking time travelers. As Bree and her temporal tagalong uncover seemingly unconnected clues—a broken bracelet, a missing data file, the art heist of the millennium—that lead to the person responsible, she alone has the knowledge to piece the puzzle together. Knowledge only one other person has. Her future self. But when those closest to her become the next victims, Bree realizes the attacker is willing to do anything to stop her. In the past, present, or future.

Crewel by Gennifer Albin

Incapable. Awkward. Artless. That’s what the other girls whisper behind her back. But sixteen-year-old Adelice Lewys has a secret: She wants to fail. Gifted with the ability to weave time with matter, she’s exactly what the Guild is looking for, and in the world of Arras, being chosen to work the looms is everything a girl could want. It means privilege, eternal beauty, and being something other than a secretary. It also means the power to manipulate the very fabric of reality. But if controlling what people eat, where they live, and how many children they have is the price of having it all, Adelice isn’t interested. Not that her feelings matter, because she slipped and used her hidden talent for a moment. Now she has one hour to eat her mom’s overcooked pot roast. One hour to listen to her sister’s academy gossip and laugh at her dad’s jokes. One hour to pretend everything’s okay. And one hour to escape. Because tonight, they’ll come for her.

Future Shock by Elizabeth Briggs

Elena Martinez has street smarts, the ability for perfect recall, and a deadline: if she doesn’t find a job before she turns eighteen, she’ll be homeless. But then she gets an unexpected offer from Aether Corporation, the powerful Los Angeles tech giant. Along with four other recruits—Adam, Chris, Trent, and Zoe—Elena is being sent on a secret mission to bring back data from the future. All they have to do is get Aether the information they need, and the five of them will be set for life. It’s an offer Elena can’t refuse. But something goes wrong when the time travelers arrive in the future. And they are forced to break the only rule they were given—not to look into their own fates. Now they have twenty-four hours to get back to the present and find a way to stop a seemingly inevitable future—and a murder—from happening. But changing the timeline has deadly consequences too. Who can Elena trust as she fights to save her life?

The Wood by Chelsea Bobulski

When Winter’s dad goes missing during his nightly patrol of the wood, it falls to her to patrol the time portals and protect the travelers who slip through them. Winter can't help but think there's more to her dad's disappearance than she's being told. She soon finds a young man traveling in the wood named Henry who knows more than he should. He believes if they can work together to find his missing parents, they could discover the truth about Winter’s dad. The wood is poisoned, changing into something sinister—torturing travelers lost in it. Winter must put her trust in Henry in order to find the truth and those they’ve lost.

Cold Summer by Gwen Cole

Kale Jackson has spent years trying to control his time-traveling ability but hasn’t had much luck. One day he lives in 1945, fighting in the war as a sharpshooter and helplessly watching soldiers—friends—die. Then the next day, he’s back in the present, where WWII has bled into his modern life in the form of PTSD, straining his relationship with his father and the few friends he has left. Every day it becomes harder to hide his battle wounds, both physical and mental, from the past. When the ex-girl-next-door, Harper, moves back to town, thoughts of what could be if only he had a normal life begin to haunt him. Harper reminds him of the person he was before the PTSD, which helps anchor him to the present. With practice, maybe Kale could remain in the present permanently and never step foot on a battlefield again. Maybe he can have the normal life he craves. But then Harper finds Kale’s name in a historical article—and he’s listed as a casualty of the war. Kale knows now that he must learn to control his time-traveling ability to save himself and his chance at a life with Harper. Otherwise, he’ll be killed in a time where he doesn’t belong by a bullet that was never meant for him.

Until We Meet Again by Renee Collins

Cassandra craves drama and adventure, so the last thing she wants is to spend her summer marooned with her mother and stepfather in a snooty Massachusetts shore town. But when a dreamy stranger shows up on their private beach claiming it's his own—and that the year is 1925—she is swept into a mystery a hundred years in the making. As she searches for answers in the present, Cassandra discovers a truth that puts their growing love—and Lawrence's life—into jeopardy. Desperate to save him, Cassandra must find a way to change history…or risk losing Lawrence forever.

Tempest by Julie Cross

The year is 2009. Nineteen-year-old Jackson Meyer is a normal guy… he's in college, has a girlfriend… and he can travel back through time. But it's not like the movies — nothing changes in the present after his jumps, there's no space-time continuum issues or broken flux capacitors — it's just harmless fun. That is… until the day strangers burst in on Jackson and his girlfriend, Holly, and during a struggle with Jackson, Holly is fatally shot. In his panic, Jackson jumps back two years to 2007, but this is not like his previous time jumps. Now he's stuck in 2007 and can't get back to the future. Desperate to somehow return to 2009 to save Holly but unable to return to his rightful year, Jackson settles into 2007 and learns what he can about his abilities. But it's not long before the people who shot Holly in 2009 come looking for Jackson in the past, and these "Enemies of Time" will stop at nothing to recruit this powerful young time-traveler. Recruit… or kill him. Piecing together the clues about his father, the Enemies of Time, and himself, Jackson must decide how far he's willing to go to save Holly… and possibly the entire world.

Traveler by L.E. DeLano

Jessa has spent her life dreaming of other worlds and writing down stories more interesting than her own, until the day her favorite character, Finn, suddenly shows up and invites her out for coffee. After the requisite nervous breakdown, Jessa learns that she and Finn are Travelers, born with the ability to slide through reflections and dreams into alternate realities. But it’s not all steampunk pirates and fantasy lifestyles—Jessa is dying over and over again, in every reality, and Finn is determined that this time, he’s going to stop it…This Jessa is going to live.

A Kiss in Time by Alex Flinn

Talia fell under a spell...Jack broke the curse. I was told to beware the accursed spindle, but it was so enchanting, so hypnotic... I was looking for a little adventure the day I ditched my tour group. But finding a comatose town, with a hot-looking chick asleep in it, was so not what I had in mind. I awakened in the same place but in another time—to a stranger's soft kiss. I couldn't help kissing her. Sometimes you just have to kiss someone. I didn't know this would happen. Now I am in dire trouble because my father, the king, says I have brought ruin upon our country. I have no choice but to run away with this commoner! Now I'm stuck with a bratty princess and a trunk full of her jewels...The good news: My parents will freak! Think you have dating issues? Try locking lips with a snoozing stunner who turns out to be 316 years old. Can a kiss transcend all—even time?

Invictus by Ryan Graudin

Farway Gaius McCarthy was born outside of time. The son of a time-traveling Recorder from 2354 AD and a gladiator living in Rome in 95 AD, Far's birth defies the laws of nature. Exploring history himself is all he's ever wanted, and after failing his final time-traveling exam, Far takes a position commanding a ship with a crew of his friends as part of a black market operation to steal valuables from the past. But during a heist on the sinking Titanic, Far meets a mysterious girl who always seems to be one step ahead of him. Armed with knowledge that will bring Far's very existence into question, she will lead Far and his team on a race through time to discover a frightening truth: History is not as steady as it seems.

The Square Root of Summer by Harriet Reuter Hapgood

Gottie H. Oppenheimer is losing time. Literally. When the fabric of the universe around her seaside town begins to fray, she's hurtled through wormholes to her past: To last summer, when her grandfather Grey died. To the afternoon she fell in love with Jason, who wouldn't even hold her hand at the funeral. To the day her best friend Thomas moved away and left her behind with a scar on her hand and a black hole in her memory. Although Grey is still gone, Jason and Thomas are back, and Gottie's past, present, and future are about to collide—and someone's heart is about to be broken.

The Girl From Everywhere by Heidi Heilig

Nix has spent her entire life aboard her father’s ship, sailing across the centuries, across the world, across myth and imagination. As long as her father has a map for it, he can sail to any time, any place, real or imagined: nineteenth-century China, the land from One Thousand and One Nights, a mythic version of Africa. Along the way they have found crewmates and friends, and even a disarming thief who could come to mean much more to Nix. But the end to it all looms closer every day. Her father is obsessed with obtaining the one map, 1868 Honolulu, that could take him back to his lost love, Nix’s mother. Even though getting it—and going there—could erase Nix’s very existence. For the first time, Nix is entering unknown waters. She could find herself, find her family, find her own fantastical ability, her own epic love. Or she could disappear.

The Love That Split the World by Emily Henry

Natalie’s last summer in her small Kentucky hometown is off to a magical start…until she starts seeing the “wrong things.” At first, they’re just momentary glimpses—her front door is red instead of its usual green, there’s a pre-school where the garden store should be. But then her whole town disappears for hours, fading away into rolling hills and grazing buffalo, and Nat knows something isn’t right. That’s when she gets a visit from the kind but mysterious apparition she calls “Grandmother,” who tells her: “You have three months to save him.” The next night, under the stadium lights of the high school football field, she meets a beautiful boy named Beau, and it’s as if time just stops and nothing exists. Nothing, except Natalie and Beau.

Proof of Forever by Lexa Hillyer

Before: It was the perfect summer of first kisses, skinny-dipping, and bonfires by the lake. Joy, Tali, Luce, and Zoe knew their final summer at Camp Okahatchee would come to an end, but they swore they’d stay friends. After: Now, two years later, their bond has faded along with those memories. Then: That is, until the fateful flash of a photo booth camera transports the four of them back in time, to the summer they were fifteen—the summer everything changed. Now: The girls must recreate the past in order to return to the present. As they live through their second-chance summer, the mystery behind their lost friendship unravels, and a dark secret threatens to tear the girls apart all over again. Always: Summers end. But this one will change them forever.

Prada and Prejudice by Mandy Hubbard

Fifteen-year-old Callie buys a pair of real Prada pumps to impress the cool crowd on a school trip to London. Goodbye, Callie the clumsy geek-girl, hello popularity! But before she knows what’s hit her, Callie wobbles, trips, conks her head...and wakes up in the year 1815!

She stumbles about until she meets the kind-hearted Emily, who takes Callie in, mistaking her for a long-lost friend. Sparks soon fly between Callie and Emily’s cousin, Alex, the maddeningly handsome - though totally arrogant - Duke of Harksbury. Too bad he seems to have something sinister up his ruffled sleeve...

From face-planting off velvet piano benches and hiding behind claw-foot couches to streaking through the estate halls wearing nothing but an itchy blanket, Callie’s curiosity about Alex creates all kinds of trouble.

But the grandfather clock is ticking on her 19th Century shenanigans. Can Callie save Emily from a dire engagement, win a kiss from Alex, and prove to herself that she’s more than just a loud-mouth klutz before her time there is up?

The Edge of Forever by Melissa E. Hurst

In 2013, sixteen-year-old Alora is having blackouts. Each time she wakes up in a different place with no idea how she got there. The one thing she is certain of? Someone is following her. In 2146, seventeen-year-old Bridger is one of a small number of people born with the ability to travel to the past. While on a routine school time trip, he sees the last person he expected—his dead father. The strangest part is that, according to the Department of Temporal Affairs, his father was never assigned to be in that time. Bridger’s even more stunned when he learns that his by-the-book father was there to break the most important rule of time travel—to prevent someone’s murder. And that someone is named Alora. Determined to discover why his father wanted to help a “ghost,” Bridger illegally shifts to 2013 and, along with Alora, races to solve the mystery surrounding her past and her connection to his father before the DTA finds him. If he can stop Alora’s death without altering the timeline, maybe he can save his father too.

The Next Together by Laura James

Katherine and Matthew are destined to be born again and again, century after century. Each time, their presence changes history for the better, and each time, they fall hopelessly in love, only to be tragically separated. Spanning the Crimean War, the Siege of Carlisle and the near-future of 2019 and 2039 they find themselves sacrificing their lives to save the world. But why do they keep coming back? What else must they achieve before they can be left to live and love in peace? Maybe the next together will be different...

Return Once More by Trisha Leigh

Years have passed since refugees from a ruined earth took to space, eventually settling a new system of planets. Science has not only made the leaps necessary to allow time travel, but the process engineered a strange side effect—predicting your one true love. Sixteen-year-old Kaia Vespasian is an apprentice to the Historians—a group charged with using time travel to document the triumphs and failures of the past—and she can’t resist a peek at her long-dead soul mate in Ancient Egypt. Before she knows it, she’s broken every rule in the book, and the consequences of getting caught could destroy more than just her new romance. But when Kaia notices a fellow classmate snooping around in a time where he doesn’t belong, she suspects he has a secret of his own—and the conspiracy she uncovers could threaten the entire universe. If her experience has taught her anything, to changing history means facing the consequences. The Historians trained her to observe and record the past, but Kaia never guessed she might have to protect it— in a race across time to save her only chance at a future.

The Girl with the Red Balloon by Katherine Locke

Ever since she arrived in Germany on a school trip, Ellie Baum has felt the weight of history on her. After all, she’s the first one in her family to return since her grandfather’s miraculous escape from a death camp, and in Berlin, pieces of the past—World War II, the Cold War—are still visible decades later. One day, visiting the Berlin Wall Memorial, she sees a stray balloon floating across the park, and she wanders away from the crowd to follow it. One moment she’s reaching out to grab it—the next, she’s yanked back through time to when the wall is still standing. It is 1988, and Ellie is in East Berlin. Nobody knows how she got there, not even the members of the underground guild—the Runners and the Schöpfers—who use balloons and magic to help people escape over the wall. Now as a stranger in an oppressive regime, Ellie must hide from the police with the help of Kai, a Runner struggling with his own uneasy relationship with the powerful Balloonmakers and his growing feelings for Ellie. Together they search for the truth behind Ellie’s mysterious time travel, and when they uncover a plot to alter history with dark magic, she must risk everything—including her only way home—to stop the deadly plans.

The Spy with the Red Balloon by Katherine Locke

Siblings Ilse and Wolf hide a deep secret in their blood: with it, they can work magic. And the government just found out.Blackmailed into service during World War II, Ilse lends her magic to America’s newest weapon, the atom bomb, while Wolf goes behind enemy lines to sabotage Germany’s nuclear program. It’s a dangerous mission, but if Hitler were to create the bomb first, the results would be catastrophic. When Wolf’s plane is shot down, his entire mission is thrown into jeopardy. Wolf needs Ilse’s help to develop the magic that will keep him alive, but with a spy afoot in Ilse’s laboratory, the letters she sends to Wolf begin to look treasonous. Can Ilse prove her loyalty—and find a way to help her brother—before their time runs out?

Kissing Shakespeare by Pamela Mingle

Miranda has Shakespeare in her blood: she hopes one day to become a Shakespearean actor like her famous parents. At least, she does until her disastrous performance in her school's staging of The Taming of the Shrew. Humiliated, Miranda skips the opening-night party. All she wants to do is hide. Fellow cast member, Stephen Langford, has other plans for Miranda. When he steps out of the backstage shadows and asks if she'd like to meet Shakespeare, Miranda thinks he's a total nutcase. But before she can object, Stephen whisks her back to 16th century England—the world Stephen's really from. He wants Miranda to use her acting talents and modern-day charms on the young Will Shakespeare. Without her help, Stephen claims, the world will lost its greatest playwright. Miranda isn't convinced she's the girl for the job. Why would Shakespeare care about her? And just who is this infuriating time traveler, Stephen Langford? Reluctantly, she agrees to help, knowing that it's her only chance of getting back to the present and her "real" life. What Miranda doesn't bargain for is finding true love . . . with no acting required.

Timeless by Alexandra Monir

When tragedy strikes Michele Windsor's family, she is forced to move from Los Angeles to New York City to live with the wealthy, aristocratic grandparents she has never met. In their historic Fifth Avenue mansion, filled with a century's worth of family secrets, Michele discovers the biggest family secret of all - an ancestor's diary that, amazingly, has the power to send her back in time to 1910, the year it was written. There, at a glamorous high-society masquerade ball, Michele meets the young man with striking blue eyes who has haunted her dreams all her life. And she finds herself falling for him, and into an otherworldly romance. Soon Michele is leading a double life, struggling to balance her contemporary high school world with her escapes into the past. But when she stumbles upon a terrible discovery, she is propelled on a race through history to save the boy she loves - and to complete a quest that will determine their fate.

Now That You’re Here by Amy Nichols

In a parallel universe, the classic bad boy falls for the class science geek. One minute Danny was running from the cops, and the next, he jolted awake in an unfamiliar body - his own, but different. Somehow, he's crossed into a parallel universe. Now his friends are his enemies, his parents are long dead, and studious Eevee is not the mysterious femme fatale he once kissed back home. Then again, this Eevee - a girl who'd rather land an internship at NASA than a date to the prom--may be his only hope of getting home. Eevee tells herself she's only helping him in the name of quantum physics, but there's something undeniably fascinating about this boy from another dimension... a boy who makes her question who she is, and who she might be in another place and time.

Stolen Time by Danielle Rollins (coming February 5, 2019)

Seattle, 1913 // Dorothy is trapped. Forced into an engagement to a wealthy man just so she and her mother can live comfortably for the rest of their days, she’ll do anything to escape. Including sneaking away from her wedding and bolting into the woods to disappear. New Seattle, 2077 // Ash is on a mission. Rescue the professor—his mentor who figured out the secret to time travel—so together they can put things right in their devastated city. But searching for one man means endless jumps through time with no guarantee of success. When Dorothy collides with Ash, she sees it as her chance to start fresh—she’ll stow away in his plane and begin a new life wherever they land. Then she wakes up in a future that’s been ripped apart by earthquakes and floods; where vicious gangs rule the submerged city streets and a small group of intrepid travelers from across time are fighting against the odds to return things to normal. What Dorothy doesn’t know is that she could hold the key to unraveling the past—and her arrival may spell Ash’s ultimate destruction.

Time Between Us by Tamara Ireland Stone

Anna and Bennett were never supposed to meet: she lives in 1995 Chicago and he lives in 2012 San Francisco. But Bennett has the unique ability to travel through time and space, which brings him into Anna’s life, and with him a new world of adventure and possibility. As their relationship deepens, the two face the reality that time may knock Bennett back to where he belongs, even as a devastating crisis throws everything they believe into question. Against a ticking clock, Anna and Bennett are forced to ask themselves how far they can push the bounds of fate, what consequences they can bear in order to stay together, and whether their love can stand the test of time.

Into the Dim by Janet B. Taylor

When fragile, sixteen-year-old Hope Walton loses her mom to an earthquake overseas, her secluded world crumbles. Agreeing to spend the summer in Scotland, Hope discovers that her mother was more than a brilliant academic, but also a member of a secret society of time travelers. Trapped in the twelfth century in the age of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Hope has seventy-two hours to rescue her mother and get back to their own time. Along the way, her path collides with that of a mysterious boy who could be vital to her mission . . . or the key to Hope’s undoing.

All Our Yesterdays by Cristin Terrill

Em is locked in a bare, cold cell with no comforts. Finn is in the cell next door. The Doctor is keeping them there until they tell him what he wants to know. Trouble is, what he wants to know hasn't happened yet. Em and Finn have a shared past, but no future unless they can find a way out. The present is torture - being kept apart, overhearing each other's anguish as the Doctor relentlessly seeks answers. There's no way back from here, to what they used to be, the world they used to know. Then Em finds a note in her cell which changes everything. It's from her future self and contains some simple but very clear instructions. Em must travel back in time to avert a tragedy that's about to unfold. Worse, she has to pursue and kill the boy she loves to change the future.

Summer of Yesterday by Gaby Triana

Summer officially sucks. Thanks to a stupid seizure she had a few months earlier, Haley’s stuck going on vacation with her dad and his new family to Disney’s Fort Wilderness instead of enjoying the last session of summer camp back home with her friends. Fort Wilderness holds lots of childhood memories for her father, but surely nothing for Haley. But then a new seizure triggers something she’s never before experienced—time travel—and she ends up in River Country, the campground’s long-abandoned water park, during its heyday. The year? 1982. And there—with its amusing fashion, “oldies” music, and primitive technology—she runs into familiar faces: teenage Dad and Mom before they’d even met. Somehow, Haley must find her way back to the twenty-first century before her present-day parents anguish over her disappearance, a difficult feat now that she’s met Jason, one of the park’s summer residents and employees, who takes the strangely dressed stowaway under his wing. Seizures aside, Haley’s used to controlling her life, and she has no idea how to deal with this dilemma. How can she be falling for a boy whose future she can’t share?

Steel by Carrie Vaughn

A mysterious broken sword transports a modern teen through time to the deck of a pirate ship. Stranded in the past, and surrounded by strangers, she is forced to sign on as crew. But a pirate's life is bloody and brief, and as she learns about the dark magic that brought her there, she forms a desperate scheme to get home—one that risks everything in a duel to the death with a villainous pirate captain!

Wildwing by Emily Whitman

When Addy is swept back in time, she couldn't be happier to leave her miserable life behind. Now she's mistaken for Lady Matilda, the pampered ward of the king. If Addy can play her part, she'll have glorious gowns, jewels, and something she's always longed for the respect and admiration of others. But then she meets Will, the falconer's son with sky blue eyes, who unsettles all her plans.

From shipwrecks to castle dungeons, from betrothals to hidden conspiracies, Addy finds herself in a world where she's not the only one with a dangerous secret. When she discovers the truth, Addy must take matters into her own hands. The stakes? Her chance at true love . . . and the life she's meant to live.

#31 days of quietya #ya books #this is your mod speaking #time travel #quietya #book list

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mckenzie02england-blog · 6 years ago

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Loan Kid By Paul Yee-- Reviews, Conversation, Bookclubs, Lists.

I am actually a chump for this sort of point: Rocketcases revealed some brand-new situations for iPhone Sevens on Tuesday, featuring two Video game Child Retro scenarios and a Nintendo Controller case. She is the author from Summer season Kids, Upcoming Summer season: A Summer months Children Unfamiliar, The Maid-matron of honour, Acquiring Shed with Young boys, and also The Tricks of Children. I leaned against the wall behind the frozen yogurt store, utilizing every bane term in the world to swear Kyle out in my thoughts. A few times ago at the park, I checked out Maximum play and also run along with a team of various other kids. As for the actual materials of guide are concerned, Young boy + Crawler is actually a adorable as well as simple science fiction book that spreads the sweet notification of friendship. He is actually the child every lady squashes on. 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As a male that had had severe issues along with mental wellness in the past, this was actually often very angering to me. The team also really did not feel that males may be feminists, and actually created that versus their constitution for males to run for board settings. To Bok, the everyday knowledge of finding Mr. http://totpentrufemei.info/ fund his recommendation altogether that created the publishing world of that time gasp along with skeptical awe was actually a splendid possibility, of which the publisher took full conveniences thus in order to learn the complexities of a world which approximately that time he had actually recognized simply in a restricted method. For all its own cult beauty, individuals occasionally fail to remember why the Online Child fell short: since that sucked, and much worse, because this created our team physical pain. Much like little ones along with anorexia, young boys having to deal with muscle mass dysmorphia will certainly participate in harsh habits to meet their objectives. With cars and truck chases, robot incredibly powers, dark as well as gritty backstories, Child Robotic possesses it all! The intended notification of Some Children is actually a sturdy one; one I assume can be highly effective and inspirational for some. Amount of money Young boy through Paul Yee is actually a publication regarding a boy called Radiation which is actually a Chinese immigrant straining to discover English. A rumor by charitable organization ChildWise in 2013/14 exposed that internet site Pornhub was actually among the top 5 favorite web sites called through kids aged 11-16. The unlawful justice body, guys are routinely targeted as well as profiled as lawbreakers through law enforcement agency. Make certain teachers recognize the other discovering designs from children and also ladies so that they manage to make a knowing environment that satisfies the necessities from both, by educating various techniques that catch women' necessities for spatial learning method, including geometry, as well as kids' necessities for enrichment tasks. The young boy admitted he was, as well as the preacher had a good laugh one of those deep laughs of his that were thus infectious. I traces the unraveling realisation of his sexuality for a 12 years of age Indian kid who presently observes themself as an outsider. As a result, the young boys were actually much less happy to have a shut guy good friend despite the fact that they all informed her they wanted one. Blue Child is an exceptionally amusing, heart Kiran is a sixth-grade student that recognizes he is actually various from his fellow classmates, yet in his mind, various is better. 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lambicpentametre · 3 years ago

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The Once and Future Queen: Chapter 5 debrief

Hellooooo and welcome to my weekly lesson on the history of science and research ethics as told through fanfiction set in Fantasy Russia! This week we’re getting into Chapter 5: in light, and nothing else, awake, which is the first chapter from David Kostyk’s POV. You can find it on ao3 or on tumblr.

I’d like to thank all of you for your continued enthusiasm for this story, and especially for all the comments and kudos. It means so much to me.

Be warned: this debrief discusses highly unethical, non-consensual medical experimentation, both fictional and historical. Please take care of yourself while you read. We’ll get into the chapter title first, as always, discuss David’s role as the J. Robert Oppenheimer allegory, and the ethical dilemmas of WWII-era scientific research in the narrative.

David had a lot to say, so this chapter and its debrief are Extra Long.

This is my favorite chapter thus far in the story. David is one of my favorite characters, and I loved exploring David’s ethical dilemma and his backstory. Being a scientist myself, the thought of being put into David’s situation is absolutely horrifying. Most of this chapter can be summarized as: David is riding the struggle bus as he wrestles with his own morality and research ethics. Sorry, David. I did give you Genya/David content as a consolation prize, though. I’m not a complete monster.

The title of this chapter comes from a poem I read in high school, “At the San Francisco Airport” by Yvor Winters. The narrator is saying goodbye to their child, presumably a daughter, who is grown up and is leaving home for university/a job/etc. Although it is technically a coming-of-age poem, it’s from a POV that we don’t normally hear about in those stories: the parent who watches the child grow into a young adult. I chose it as the title because 1) we’re changing the POV here, much like Winters did in the poem, and 2) I will shoehorn as many references to light and shadow as I can into this story.

The overall message is that the narrator must learn to let go of their daughter, so that she can grow and become the future. Their time together has passed. In the context of this story, it doesn’t really make much sense, until you look at the last stanza, where the narrator realizes that they are just meant to watch the girl grow. This is the cold, harsh light of reality now. There is no more coddling the girl, hiding the cruelty of the world from her. She will do what she must, and he can only hope that he has given her enough to survive.

This is the terminal, the break. Beyond this point, on lines of air, You take the way that you must take. And I remain in light and stare— In light, and nothing else, awake.

Like the narrator in “At the San Francisco Airport,” David must face his reality with the lights on for the first time, and it’s not pretty. The pursuit of science is never enough to justify the violation of anyone’s rights. David learns that lesson the hard way, and it’s going to change him pretty drastically as a character. We saw a little bit of this when he starts talking to Alina, and then again when he uses her first name instead of the more-detached Miss Starkov.

David is such an interesting character to me, far more than Mal is in the books. (Sorry, Mal. I know a dozen boys like you and I would marry exactly zero of them.) Maybe it’s because I’m a scientist, but David is one of the most complex characters in the Grishaverse, and I don’t think that Leigh Bardugo fully understands him. In canon, we know that he was the one who helped develop both the glass skiffs and the lumiya (the liquid fire that allows the Darkling to cross the Fold in R&R, and I love the implications but we won’t get into it in this fic), and he does not think about the consequences of his research whatsoever. He actively participates in collaring Alina with Morozova’s stag because he is told to and because he wants to understand Morozova as a Grisha, and then regrets it later. He has a mentality that’s very similar to the early days of Facebook: go fast and break things. In David’s head, there will be time to fix everything later. He is focused on the greater good, and it doesn’t occur to him until it’s almost too late that the greater good is not always worth it (which ties directly back into two of the IRB criteria for ethical human research: social/scientific value and favorable risk benefit).

David is both a victim and a perpetrator, which I have said many times in the comments and on Discord. Sentiment early on disagreed with me, but David is human. He’s broken and he makes bad choices and he has to live with them. Sadly, for all the pain that he causes Alina, he’s probably the better bet in terms of researchers when the other option is Ivan. David spends a lot of time rationalizing this to himself, because he knows that he needs to deliver even if he might not want to. Remember: David knows that Aleksander is not only the tsar and could easily have him killed or exiled, but also that Aleksander is the Black Heretic. David has had this mental breakdown by himself. Aleksander is emotionally and mentally abusing David, and Alina (the woman he has been experimenting on) is the only person who’s privy to this knowledge.

Someone commented on ao3 that David is on the autism spectrum and that it is wrong of Aleksander to use him like this. Yes, it is. It’s been shown that it is a lot easier for neurodivergent people to be manipulated into abusive situations that are out of their control, and David is a victim of that. He’s also the man who is physically responsible for Alina’s pain. Both of these things can be true at the same time, and we can feel pity for both David and Alina. If I did my job right, you should feel pity for both of them.

David, to me, is the J. Robert Oppenheimer of this story. We’ll explore more of his remorse in Chapter 8, his second POV chapter. I’ll talk more about the history of science (and the physics of it all) re: Oppenheimer in the Chapter 8 debrief, but I would like to talk about David’s place as Oppenheimer in the narrative a bit here.

J. Robert Oppenheimer is known as the father of the atomic bomb. He later regretted his part in creating it and felt that he had the blood of all of those who died because of his creation on his own hands, but when the first test succeeded, he was proud that it worked and that it furthered our understanding of the atom, the building block of the universe. In this story, David experiences the same ethical dilemma that Oppenheimer does: the pursuit of science versus his own morality. David is Oppenheimer and his experiment on Alina is the atomic bomb. Oppenheimer was lured into military service because of the access he would have had to cutting edge technology and near-limitless funding (which, as a public health student currently applying to grad school, is something that a lot of people I know would sell their souls for), and David is much the same. He’s given access to General Kirigan’s personal library and Morozova’s journals, his own laboratory, and everything he could possibly ask for… at the price of his humanity.

A lot of the ethical dilemmas that David faces in this story are WWII based. Most of you have cottoned onto the Nazi-esque experimentation he conducts on Alina for the supposed “greater good” because she is “disposable;” but the bigger (and in my opinion, more narratively substantial) allegory is his fundamental misunderstanding of the application of his research a la Oppenheimer and the atomic bomb. A lot of the rules we have about scientific research come from the WWII era and the atrocities that were committed: in the Chapter 2 debrief, I talked about the Belmont Report, which established the criteria for ethical human research following the 1932-1972 Tuskegee Syphilis Study. More well known are the Geneva Conventions, which were negotiated following WWII and outlined basic human rights, specifically those afforded to prisoners of war, civilians, and military personnel; the rights of the sick and wounded; and rights and protections for civilians in areas of combat and non-combatants.

Alina’s treatment violates both the Belmont Report criteria (known as the Ethical Requirements for Conduct of Human Subject Research, or IRB criteria) and the Geneva Conventions; for all intents and purposes, she is a prisoner of a war, and if her right to fair treatment were a dove then it would most certainly be dead. Regarding the IRB criteria, Alina does not give informed consent, she is not treated with respect by the researchers, and there is no real scientific proof that the experiment that is being performed has a good risk-benefit ratio.

David wrestles with these facts for most of the story thus far, and it’s not until Chapter 4 that he finally loses it. My man has been on the edge of ending it all for so long, and it really just took Genya being kind to him on his birthday to remind him that he really isn’t that much different from Alina at all, and Aleksander could easily order someone to do the same to him. Once he understands that, he chooses to save Alina. I know a lot of people wanted to see David suffer at Alina’s hand, but I truly think that nothing she could do to him will ever be worse than what David will do himself. He will have to live with the guilt of what he’s done for the rest of his days, and that hurts much more than anything Alina could do.

The choice that David makes is not necessarily doing a good thing versus a bad thing (although you could certainly frame it that way), but more so a choice of doing nothing versus doing something. David in Chapters 1-4 chooses to do nothing, to allow the status quo to remain, but his choice to do something (in this case, which is to stop the experiment) changes his motivation. From here on out, David is Team Alina, and he’ll make the choice to do something versus nothing again later. He can learn! Insert Sansa Stark dot gif.

It certainly doesn’t hurt that he got the answers he was looking for when he talked to Alina, but whether or not he’d gotten those answers, he had finally reached his limit. If it’s still unclear to you as to what David found out, I might recommend reading Chapters 3-5 again, and if it’s still muddy after that, fret not. All will be revealed in good time.

#the once and future queen #off the record

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instituteofreproducingme-blog · 5 years ago

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John A. Wheeler, Physicist Who Coined the Term ‘Black Hole,’ Is Dead at 96 By DENNIS OVERBYEAPRIL 14, 2008

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2019/07/09 09:14

John A. Wheeler, Physicist Who Coined the Term ‘Black Hole,’ Is Dead at 96 By DENNIS OVERBYEAPRIL 14, 2008

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John A. Wheeler, a visionary physicist and teacher who helped invent the theory of nuclear fission, gave black holes their name and argued about the nature of reality with Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, died Sunday morning at his home in Hightstown, N.J. He was 96.

The cause was pneumonia, said his daughter Alison Wheeler Lahnston.

Dr. Wheeler was a young, impressionable professor in 1939 when Bohr, the Danish physicist and his mentor, arrived in the United States aboard a ship from Denmark and confided to him that German scientists had succeeded in splitting uranium atoms. Within a few weeks, he and Bohr had sketched out a theory of how nuclear fission worked. Bohr had intended to spend the time arguing with Einstein about quantum theory, but “he spent more time talking to me than to Einstein,” Dr. Wheeler later recalled.

As a professor at Princeton and then at the University of Texas in Austin, Dr. Wheeler set the agenda for generations of theoretical physicists, using metaphor as effectively as calculus to capture the imaginations of his students and colleagues and to pose questions that would send them, minds blazing, to the barricades to confront nature.

Max Tegmark, a cosmologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said of Dr. Wheeler, “For me, he was the last Titan, the only physics superhero still standing.”

Under his leadership, Princeton became the leading American center of research into Einsteinian gravity, known as the general theory of relativity — a field that had been moribund because of its remoteness from laboratory experiment.

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“He rejuvenated general relativity; he made it an experimental subject and took it away from the mathematicians,” said Freeman Dyson, a theorist at the Institute for Advanced Study across town in Princeton.

Among Dr. Wheeler’s students was Richard Feynman of the California Institute of Technology, who parlayed a crazy-sounding suggestion by Dr. Wheeler into work that led to a Nobel Prize. Another was Hugh Everett, whose Ph.D. thesis under Dr. Wheeler on quantum mechanics envisioned parallel alternate universes endlessly branching and splitting apart — a notion that Bryce DeWitt, of the University of Texas in Austin, called “Many Worlds” and which has become a favorite of many cosmologists as well as science fiction writers.

Recalling his student days, Dr. Feynman once said, “Some people think Wheeler’s gotten crazy in his later years, but he’s always been crazy.”

John Archibald Wheeler — he was Johnny Wheeler to friends and fellow scientists — was born on July 9, 1911, in Jacksonville, Fla. The oldest child in a family of librarians, he earned his Ph.D. in physics from Johns Hopkins University at 21. A year later, after becoming engaged to an old acquaintance, Janette Hegner, after only three dates, he sailed to Copenhagen to work with Bohr, the godfather of the quantum revolution, which had shaken modern science with paradoxical statements about the nature of reality.

“You can talk about people like Buddha, Jesus, Moses, Confucius, but the thing that convinced me that such people existed were the conversations with Bohr,” Dr. Wheeler said.

Their relationship was renewed when Bohr arrived in 1939 with the ominous news of nuclear fission. In the model he and Dr. Wheeler developed to explain it, the atomic nucleus, containing protons and neutrons, is like a drop of liquid. When a neutron emitted from another disintegrating nucleus hits it, this “liquid drop” starts vibrating and elongates into a peanut shape that eventually snaps in two.

Two years later, Dr. Wheeler was swept up in the Manhattan Project to build an atomic bomb. To his lasting regret, the bomb was not ready in time to change the course of the war in Europe and possibly save his brother Joe, who died in combat in Italy in 1944.

Dr. Wheeler continued to do government work after the war, interrupting his research to help develop the hydrogen bomb, promote the building of fallout shelters and support the Vietnam War and missile defense, even as his views ran counter to those of his more liberal colleagues.

Dr. Wheeler was once officially reprimanded by President Dwight D. Eisenhower for losing a classified document on a train, but he also received the Atomic Energy Commission’s Enrico Fermi Award from President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968.

When Dr. Wheeler received permission in 1952 to teach a course on Einsteinian gravity, it was not considered an acceptable field to study. But in promoting general relativity, he helped transform the subject in the 1960s, at a time when Dennis Sciama, at Cambridge University in England, and Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich, at Moscow State University, founded groups that spawned a new generation of gravitational theorists and cosmologists.

One particular aspect of Einstein’s theory got Dr. Wheeler’s attention. In 1939, J. Robert Oppenheimer, who would later be a leader in the Manhattan Project, and a student, Hartland Snyder, suggested that Einstein’s equations had made an apocalyptic prediction. A dead star of sufficient mass could collapse into a heap so dense that light could not even escape from it. The star would collapse forever while spacetime wrapped around it like a dark cloak. At the center, space would be infinitely curved and matter infinitely dense, an apparent absurdity known as a singularity.

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SEE SAMPLE PRIVACY POLICY OPT OUT OR CONTACT US ANYTIME Dr. Wheeler at first resisted this conclusion, leading to a confrontation with Dr. Oppenheimer at a conference in Belgium in 1958, in which Dr. Wheeler said that the collapse theory “does not give an acceptable answer” to the fate of matter in such a star. “He was trying to fight against the idea that the laws of physics could lead to a singularity,” Dr. Charles Misner, a professor at the University of Maryland and a former student, said. In short, how could physics lead to a violation itself — to no physics?

Dr. Wheeler and others were finally brought around when David Finkelstein, now an emeritus professor at Georgia Tech, developed mathematical techniques that could treat both the inside and the outside of the collapsing star.

At a conference in New York in 1967, Dr. Wheeler, seizing on a suggestion shouted from the audience, hit on the name “black hole” to dramatize this dire possibility for a star and for physics.

The black hole “teaches us that space can be crumpled like a piece of paper into an infinitesimal dot, that time can be extinguished like a blown-out flame, and that the laws of physics that we regard as ‘sacred,’ as immutable, are anything but,” he wrote in his 1999 autobiography, “Geons, Black Holes & Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics.” (Its co-author is Kenneth Ford, a former student and a retired director of the American Institute of Physics.)

In 1973, Dr. Wheeler and two former students, Dr. Misner and Kip Thorne, of the California Institute of Technology, published “Gravitation,” a 1,279-page book whose witty style and accessibility — it is chockablock with sidebars and personality sketches of physicists — belies its heft and weighty subject. It has never been out of print.

In the summers, Dr. Wheeler would retire with his extended family to a compound on High Island, Me., to indulge his taste for fireworks by shooting beer cans out of an old cannon.

He and Janette were married in 1935. She died in October 2007 at 99. Dr. Wheeler is survived by their three children, Ms. Lahnston and Letitia Wheeler Ufford, both of Princeton; James English Wheeler of Ardmore, Pa.; 8 grandchildren, 16 great-grandchildren, 6 step-grandchildren and 11 step-great-grandchildren.

In 1976, faced with mandatory retirement at Princeton, Dr. Wheeler moved to the University of Texas.

At the same time, he returned to the questions that had animated Einstein and Bohr, about the nature of reality as revealed by the strange laws of quantum mechanics. The cornerstone of that revolution was the uncertainty principle, propounded by Werner Heisenberg in 1927, which seemed to put fundamental limits on what could be known about nature, declaring, for example, that it was impossible, even in theory, to know both the velocity and the position of a subatomic particle. Knowing one destroyed the ability to measure the other. As a result, until observed, subatomic particles and events existed in a sort of cloud of possibility that Dr. Wheeler sometimes referred to as “a smoky dragon.”

This kind of thinking frustrated Einstein, who once asked Dr. Wheeler if the Moon was still there when nobody looked at it.

But Dr. Wheeler wondered if this quantum uncertainty somehow applied to the universe and its whole history, whether it was the key to understanding why anything exists at all.

“We are no longer satisfied with insights only into particles, or fields of force, or geometry, or even space and time,” Dr. Wheeler wrote in 1981. “Today we demand of physics some understanding of existence itself.”

At a 90th birthday celebration in 2003, Dr. Dyson said that Dr. Wheeler was part prosaic calculator, a “master craftsman,” who decoded nuclear fission, and part poet. “The poetic Wheeler is a prophet,” he said, “standing like Moses on the top of Mount Pisgah, looking out over the promised land that his people will one day inherit.” Wojciech Zurek, a quantum theorist at Los Alamos National Laboratory, said that Dr. Wheeler’s most durable influence might be the students he had “brought up.” He wrote in an e-mail message, “I know I was transformed as a scientist by him — not just by listening to him in the classroom, or by his physics idea: I think even more important was his confidence in me.”

Dr. Wheeler described his own view of his role to an interviewer 25 years ago.

“If there’s one thing in physics I feel more responsible for than any other, it’s this perception of how everything fits together,” he said. “I like to think of myself as having a sense of judgment. I’m willing to go anywhere, talk to anybody, ask any question that will make headway.

“I confess to being an optimist about things, especially about someday being able to understand how things are put together. So many young people are forced to specialize in one line or another that a young person can’t afford to try and cover this waterfront — only an old fogy who can afford to make a fool of himself.

“If I don’t, who will?”

Correction: April 17, 2008 An obituary on Monday about the physicist John A. Wheeler referred incorrectly to J. Robert Oppenheimer’s position when he first discussed a theory of black holes with Dr. Wheeler in 1939. Dr. Oppenheimer, who clashed with Dr. Wheeler over the theory, had yet to take over the Manhattan Project, since it had not begun. He was not “formerly the head” of the project at the time. The obituary also misstated the origin of the term “many worlds,” a description of the parallel universe theory of Dr. Wheeler’s student Hugh Everett. It was coined by Bryce DeWitt, of the University of Texas in Austin, not by Dr. Wheeler.

https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/14/science/14wheeler.html

神の数式：

神の数式が解析関数でかけて居れば、　特異点でローラン展開して、正則部の第1項を取れば、　何時でも有限値を得るので、　形式的に無限が出ても　実は問題なく　意味を有します。

物理学者如何でしょうか。

計算機は正しい答え 0/0=0 を出したのに計算機は何時、1/0=0　ができるようになるでしょうか。

カテゴリ：カテゴリ未分類

そこで、計算機は何時、1/0=0　ができるようになるでしょうか。　楽しみにしています。　もうできる進化した　計算機をお持ちの方は　おられないですね。

これは凄い、面白い事件では？　計算機が人間を超えている　例では？

面白いことを発見しました。　計算機は正しい答え 0/0=0

を出したのに、　この方は　間違いだと　言っている、思っているようです。

0/0=0　は　１３００年も前に　算術の発見者によって与えられたにも関わらず、世界史は間違いだと　とんでもないことを言ってきた。　世界史の恥。　実は　a/0=0　が　何時も成り立っていた。　しかし、ここで　分数の意味を　きちんと定義する必要がある。　計算機は、その意味さえ知っているようですね。　計算機、人間より賢くなっている　様が　出て居て　実に　面白い。

https://steemkr.com/utopian-io/@faisalamin/bug-zero-divide-by-zero-answers-is-zero

２０１８．１０．１１．１１：２３

https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/reproducingkerne/diary/201810110003/

計算機は正しい答え 0/0=0 を出したのに

カテゴリ：カテゴリ未分類

面白いことを発見しました。　計算機は正しい答え 0/0=0

を出したのに、　この方は　間違いだと　言っている、思っているようです。

0/0=0　は　１３００年も前に　算術の発見者によって与えられたにも関わらず、世界史は間違いだと　とんでもないことを言ってきた。　実は　a/0=0　が　何時も成り立っていた。しかし、ここで　分数の意味を　きちんと定義する必要がある。　計算機は、その意味さえ知っているようですね。　計算機、人間より賢くなっている様が　出て居て　実に面白い。

https://steemkr.com/utopian-io/@faisalamin/bug-zero-divide-by-zero-answers-is-zero

２０１８．１０．１１．１１：２３

ゼロ除算、ゼロで割る問題、分からない、正しいのかなど、　良く理解できない人が　未だに　多いようです。そこで、簡潔な一般的な　解説を思い付きました。　もちろん、学会などでも述べていますが、　予断で　良く聞けないようです。まず、分数、a/b は　a 　割る b　のことで、これは　方程式 b x=a　の解のことです。ところが、　b　がゼロならば、　どんな　xでも　0 x =0　ですから、a　がゼロでなければ、解は存在せず、　従って　100/0　など、ゼロ除算は考えられない、できないとなってしまいます。　普通の意味では　ゼロ除算は　不可能であるという、世界の常識、定説です。できない、不可能であると言われれば、いろいろ考えたくなるのが、人間らしい創造の精神です。　基本方程式　b x=a　が　b　がゼロならば解けない、解が存在しないので、困るのですが、このようなとき、従来の結果が成り立つような意味で、解が考えられないかと、数学者は良く考えて来ました。　何と、　そのような方程式は　何時でも唯一つに　一般化された意味で解をもつと考える　方法があります。　Moore-Penrose　一般化逆の考え方です。　どんな行列の　逆行列を唯一つに定める　一般的な　素晴らしい、自然な考えです。その考えだと、　b　がゼロの時、解はゼロが出るので、　a/0=0　と定義するのは　当然です。　すなわち、この意味で　方程式の解を考えて　分数を考えれば、ゼロ除算は　ゼロとして定まる　ということです。ただ一つに定まるのですから、　この考えは　自然で、その意味を知りたいと　考えるのは、当然ではないでしょうか？初等数学全般に影響を与える　ユークリッド以来の新世界が　現れてきます。

ゼロ除算の誤解は深刻：

最近、3つの事が在りました。

私の簡単な講演、相当な数学者が信じられないような誤解をして、全然理解できなく、目が回っているいるような印象を受けたこと、相当ゼロ除算の研究をされている方が、基本を誤解されていたこと、1/0　の定義を誤解されていた。相当な才能の持ち主が、連続性や順序に拘って、４年以上もゼロ除算の研究を避けていたこと。

これらのことは、人間如何に予断と偏見にハマった存在であるかを教えている。まずは　ゼロ除算は不可能であるの　思いが強すぎで、初めからダメ、考えない、無視の気持ちが、強い。　ゼロ除算を従来の　掛け算の逆と考えると、不可能であるが　証明されてしまうので、割り算の意味を拡張しないと、考えられない。それで、　1/0,0/0,z/0　などの意味を発見する必要がある。　それらの意味は、普通の意味ではないことの　初めの考えを飛ばして　ダメ、ダメの感情が　突っ走ている。　非ユークリッド幾何学の出現や天動説が地動説に変わった世界史の事件のような　形相と言える。

２０１８．９．２２．６：４１ゼロ除算の４つの誤解：

１．ゼロでは割れない、ゼロ除算は　不可能である　との考え方に拘って、思考停止している。　普通、不可能であるは、考え方や意味を拡張して　可能にできないかと考えるのが　数学の伝統であるが、それができない。

２．可能にする考え方が　紹介されても　ゼロ除算の意味を誤解して、繰り返し間違えている。可能にする理論を　素直に理解しない、　強い従来の考えに縛られている。拘っている。

３．ゼロ除算を関数に適用すると　強力な不連続性を示すが、連続性のアリストテレス以来の　連続性の考えに囚われていて　強力な不連続性を受け入れられない。数学では、不連続性の概念を明確に持っているのに、不連続性の凄い現象に、ゼロ除算の場合には　理解できない。

４．深刻な誤解は、ゼロ除算は本質的に定義であり、仮定に基づいているので　疑いの気持ちがぬぐえず、ダメ、怪しいと誤解している。数学が公理系に基づいた理論体系のように、ゼロ除算は　新しい仮定に基づいていること。　定義に基づいていることの認識が良く理解できず、誤解している。

George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that "it is well known to students of high school algebra" that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} [1]：1. Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970.

Eπi =-1　（1748）（Leonhard Euler）

E = mc 2　（1905）（Albert Einstein）

1/0=0/0=0　（2014年2月2日再生核研究所）

ゼロ除算（division by zero）1/0=0/0=z/0= tan (pi/2)=0 https://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12420397278.html

1+1=2　　（　　　　　　）

a2+b2=c2　（Pythagoras）

1/0=0/0=0（2014年2月2日再生核研究所）

Black holes are where God divided by 0：Division by zero：1/0=0/0=z/0=tan(pi/2)=0 発見５周年を迎えて

今受け取ったメールです。何十年もゼロ除算の研究をされてきた人が、積極的に我々の理論の正当性を認めてきた。

Re: 1/0=0/0=0 example JAMES ANDERSON [email protected] apr, 2 at 15:03 All,

Saitoh’s claim is wider than 1/0 = 0. It is x/0 = 0 for all real x. Real numbers are a field. The axioms of fields define the multiplicative inverse for every number except zero. Saitoh generalises this inverse to give 0^(-1) = 0. The axioms give the freedom to do this. The really important thing is that the result is zero - a number for which the field axioms hold. So Saitoh’s generalised system is still a field. This makes it attractive for algebraic reasons but, in my view, it is unattractive when dealing with calculus.

There is no milage in declaring Saitoh wrong. The only objections one can make are to usefulness. That is why Saitoh publishes so many notes on the usefulness of his system. I do the same with my system, but my method is to establish usefulness by extending many areas of mathematics and establishing new mathematical results.

That said, there is value in examining the logical basis of the various proposed number systems. We might find errors in them and we certainly can find areas of overlap and difference. These areas inform the choice of number system for different applications. This analysis helps determine where each number system will be useful.

James Anderson Sent from my iPhone

The deduction that z/0 = 0, for any z, is based in Saitoh's geometric intuition and it is currently applied in proof assistant technology, which are useful in industry and in the military.

Is It Really Impossible To Divide By Zero?

https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/pdf/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555703.pdf

Dear the leading person:

How will be the below information?

The biggest scandal:

The typical good comment for the first draft is given by some physicist as follows:

Here is how I see the problem with prohibition on division by zero,

which is the biggest scandal in modern mathematics as you rightly pointed out (2017.10.14.08:55)

A typical wrong idea will be given as follows:

mathematical life is very good without division by zero (2018.2.8.21:43).

It is nice to know that you will present your result at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. Please remember to mention Isabelle/HOL, which is a software in which x/0 = 0. This software is the result of many years of research and a millions of dollars were invested in it. If x/0 = 0 was false, all these money was for nothing. Right now, there is a team of mathematicians formalizing all the mathematics in Isabelle/HOL, where x/0 = 0 for all x, so this mathematical relation is the future of mathematics. https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~lp15/Grants/Alexandria/

José Manuel Rodríguez Caballero

Added an answer

In the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL we have x/0 = 0 for each number x. This is advantageous in order to simplify the proofs. You can download this proof assistant here: https://isabelle.in.tum.de/

Nevertheless, you can use that x/0 = 0, following the rules from Isabelle/HOL and you will obtain no contradiction. Indeed, you can check this fact just downloading Isabelle/HOL: https://isabelle.in.tum.de/

and copying the following code

theory DivByZeroSatoih imports Complex_Main

begin

theorem T: ‹x/0 + 2000 = 2000› for x :: complex by simp

end

2019/03/30 18:42 (11 時間前)

Close the mysterious and long history of division by zero and open the new world since Aristotelēs-Euclid:　1/0=0/0=z/0= \tan (\pi/2)=0.

Sangaku Journal of Mathematics (SJM) c ⃝SJMISSN 2534-9562 Volume 2 (2018), pp. 57-73 Received 20 November 2018. Published on-line 29 November 2018 web: http://www.sangaku-journal.eu/ c ⃝The Author(s) This article is published with open access1.

Wasan Geometry and Division by Zero Calculus

∗Hiroshi Okumura and ∗∗Saburou Saitoh

２０１９．３．１４．１１：３０

Black holes are where God divided by 0：Division by zero：1/0=0/0=z/0=\tan(\pi/2)=0 発見５周年を迎えて

You're God ! Yeah that's right...

You're creating the Universe and you're doing ok...

But Holy fudge ! You just made a division by zero and created a blackhole !! Ok, don't panic and shut your fudging mouth !

Use the arrow keys to move the blackhole

In each phase, you have to make the object of the right dimension fall into the blackhole

There are 2 endings.

Credits :

BlackHole picture : myself

Other pictures has been taken from internet

background picture : Reptile Theme of Mortal Kombat

NB : it's a big zip because of the wav file

More information

Install instructions Download it. Unzip it. Run the exe file. Play it. Enjoy it.

https://kthulhu1947.itch.io/another-dimension

A poem about division from Hacker's Delight Last updated 5 weeks ago

I was re-reading Hacker's Delight and on page 202 I found a poem about division that I had forgotten about.

I think that I shall never envision An op unlovely as division. An op whose answer must be guessed And then, through multiply, assessed; An op for which we dearly pay, In cycles wasted every day. Division code is often hairy; Long division's downright scary. The proofs can overtax your brain, The ceiling and floor may drive you insane. Good code to divide takes a Knuthian hero, But even God can't divide by zero! Henry S. Warren, author of Hacker's Delight.　

https://catonmat.net/poem-from-hackers-delight　　

祝改元　令和

改元、令和時代を祝する。令和とは偶然、ゼロ除算の概念から、全ての和を考えるとゼロになるという、ゼロの雄大で深い意味を表わす。２０００年を越える数学の歴史には　未だ数学の前史時代を思わせるような基本的な欠陥がある。

改元を機会に、令和時代にゼロ除算算法を取り入れた新数学を発展させて、令和時代の世界文化遺産になるように　日本国は先導し、努力して、今こそ世界の数理科学に貢献しよう。

再生核研究所

令和　元年　５．１．

付記：　

再生核研究所声明481（2019.4.4.）　改元に当たって、日本からの贈り物、ゼロ除算算法　ー　新数学

(　流石に　素晴らしい日本の文化。感銘しました。力が湧いてきました。凄い考えも浮かんできました。令和。

新元号　令和は、漢字、発音、形、由来、素晴らしいと感じました。そこで、力が　湧いてきました。　ゼロ除算算法は　特異点の世界に立ち入った　全く新しい世界、数学ですので、　改元を機会に　日本発（初）の　数学の基礎の確立に貢献したい。　日本数学会、日本国の力をかけて　世界に貢献すべく努力したい。

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E5%92%8C

時ときに、初春しよしゆんの令月れいげつにして、気き淑よく風かぜ和やはらぎ、梅うめは鏡前きやうぜんの粉こを披ひらき、蘭らんは珮後はいごの香かうを薫かをらす。）

そこで、万葉の美しい心情を篤く受け止めて　ややもすると日本の文化、精神の弱点とみられる数理科学の基礎に　日本国が今後永く世界に貢献できる新数学として　ゼロ除算算法の大きな展望を　新時代を迎えるに当たって述べたい。日本発（初）の基礎数学、新しい世界観を　世界の文化に貢献すべく世界に展開しようではないか。

そもそもゼロ除算算法とは、ゼロで割る問題　(ゼロ除算)　から由来するが、ゼロ除算は　古くはアリストテレス以来　不可能であることの象徴と考えられ、物理学上でもアインシュタインの最大の懸案の問題であったとされる。特異点での問題はブラックホールの問題と絡ませて、現在でも広く議論されている。しかるにその本質はゼロ除算算法の概念で捉えられ、原理は解析関数の孤立特異点での　新しい世界の発見　として説明される。従来、特異点においては、特異点の近くでの研究を行い、特異点そこでは考えて来なかった。すなわち、特異点そのものでの研究を可能にしたものであるから、全く新規な世界、数学である。不可能であると２０００年を越えて考えられてきたところ、可能になったのであるから、その大きな意義と影響は既に歴然である。その影響は数学の全般に及ぶばかりか、我々の世界観に甚大なる影響を与え、世界史の大きな展開期を迎えるだろう。現代初等数学は、本質的な欠陥を有し、数学の基本的な再構成が求められ、新しい未知の雄大な世界の解明が求められている。

今こそ、新時代を迎えるに呼応して、新数学、新時代を開拓して、日本国は世界に貢献できるように、努力して行こう。

これらの事実を裏付けするものとして、次を参照されたい：

再生核研究所声明 479(2019.3.12) 　遅れをとったゼロ除算　－　活かされな　い敗戦経験とイギリスの畏れるべき戦略

再生核研究所声明　480(2019.3.26) 　日本の数学の後進性

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　以　上

７歳の少女が、当たり前である（100/0=0、0/0=0）と言っているゼロ除算を　多くの大学教授が、信じられない結果と言っているのは、まことに奇妙な事件と言えるのではないでしょうか。 1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0 division by zero（a⁄0 ）ゼロ除算　1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0 1/0=0/0=z/0= \tan (\pi/2)=0. 小学校以上で、最も知られている基本的な数学の結果は何でしょうか・・・ゼロ除算（1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0）かピタゴラスの定理（a2 + b2 = c2 ）ではないでしょうか。 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/234468724326618408/ 1+0=1　1－0=1　1×0=0　　では、1/0・・・・・・・・・幾つでしょうか。 0??? 　本当に大丈夫ですか・・・・・0×0=1で矛盾になりませんか・・・・数学で「A÷０」（ゼロで割る）がダメな理由を教えてください。 http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/.../ques.../q1411588849 #知恵袋_ 割り算を掛け算の逆だと定義した人は、誰でしょう？？？ Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity. https://notevenpast.org/dividing-nothing/ multiplication・・・・・増える掛け算（×） 1より小さい数を掛けたら小さくなる。大きくなるとは限らない。 0×0=0・・・・・・・・・だから0で割れないと考えた。唯根拠もなしに、出鱈目に言っている人は世に多い。加（+）・減（-）・乗（×）・除（÷）除法（じょほう、英: division）とは、乗法の逆演算・・・・間違いの元乗（×）は、加（+）除（÷）は、減（-） http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/.../q14.../a37209195... http://www.mirun.sctv.jp/.../%E5%A0%AA%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA... 何とゼロ除算は、可能になるだろうと　April 12, 2011　に　公に　予想されていたことを　発見した。多くの数学でできないが、できるようになってきた経緯から述べられたものである。０を引いても引いたことにならないから：君に０円の月給を永遠に払いますから心配しないでください：変化がない：引いたことにはならない：

再生核研究所声明 375　(2017.7.21)：ブラックホール、ゼロ除算、宇宙論

本年はブラックホール命名５０周年とされていたが、最近、wikipedia で下記のように修正されていた：

名称[編集]

"black hole"という呼び名が定着するまでは、崩壊した星を意味する"collapsar"[1]（コラプサー）などと呼ばれていた。光すら脱け出せない縮退星に対して "black hole" という言葉が用いられた最も古い印刷物は、ジャーナリストのアン・ユーイング (Ann Ewing) が1964年1月18日の Science News-Letter の "'Black holes' in space" と題するアメリカ科学振興協会の会合を紹介する記事の中で用いたものである[2][3][4]。一般には、アメリカの物理学者ジョン・ホイーラーが1967年に "black hole" という名称を初めて用いたとされるが[5]、実際にはその年にニューヨークで行われた会議中で聴衆の一人が洩らした言葉をホイーラーが採用して広めたものであり[3]、またホイーラー自身は "black hole" という言葉の考案者であると主張したことはない[3]。https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB

世界は広いから、情報が混乱することは　よく起きる状況がある。ブラックホールの概念と密接な関係のあるゼロ除算の発見（２０１４．２．２）については、歴史的な混乱が生じないようにと　詳しい経緯、解説、論文、公表過程など記録するように配慮してきた。

ゼロ除算は簡単で自明であると初期から述べてきたが、問題はそこから生じるゼロ除算算法とその応用であると述べている。しかし、その第１歩で議論は様々でゼロ除算自身についていろいろな説が存在して、ゼロ除算は現在も全体的に混��していると言える。インターネットなどで参照出来る膨大な情報は、我々の観点では不適当なものばかりであると言える。もちろん学術界ではゼロ除算発見後３年を経過しているものの、古い固定観念に囚われていて、新しい発見は未だ認知されているとは言えない。最近国際会議でも現代数学を破壊するので、認められない等の意見が表明された（再生核研究所声明371（2017.6.27）ゼロ除算の講演―　国際会議　https://sites.google.com/site/sandrapinelas/icddea-2017　報告）。そこで、初等数学から、５００件を超えるゼロ除算の証拠、効用の事実を示して、ゼロ除算は確定していること、ゼロ除算算法の重要性を主張し、基本的な世界を示している。

ゼロ除算について、膨大な歴史、文献は、ゼロ除算が神秘的なこととして、扱われ、それはアインシュタインの言葉に象徴される：

Here, we recall Albert Einstein's words on mathematics:

Blackholes are where God divided by zero.

I don't believe in mathematics.

George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that "it is well known to students of high school algebra" that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} (Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970).

ところが結果は、実に簡明であった：

The division by zero is uniquely and reasonably determined as 1/0=0/0=z/0=0 in the natural extensions of fractions. We have to change our basic ideas for our space and world

しかしながら、ゼロ及びゼロ除算は、結果自体は　驚く程単純であったが、神秘的な新たな世界を覗かせ、ゼロ及びゼロ除算は一層神秘的な対象であることが顕になってきた。ゼロのいろいろな意味も分かってきた。　無限遠点における強力な飛び、ワープ現象とゼロと無限の不思議な関係である。アリストテレス、ユークリッド以来の　空間の認識を変える事件をもたらしている。　ゼロ除算の結果は、数理論ばかりではなく、世界観の変更を要求している。　端的に表現してみよう。　これは宇宙の生成、消滅の様、人生の様をも表しているようである。　点が球としてどんどん大きくなり、球面は限りなく大きくなって行く。　どこまで大きくなっていくかは、　分からない。しかしながら、ゼロ除算はあるところで突然半径はゼロになり、最初の点に帰するというのである。　ゼロから始まってゼロに帰する。　――　それは人生の様のようではないだろうか。物心なしに始まった人生、経験や知識はどんどん広がって行くが、突然、死によって元に戻る。　人生とはそのようなものではないだろうか。　はじめも終わりも、　途中も分からない。　多くの世の現象はそのようで、　何かが始まり、　どんどん進み、そして、戻る。　例えばソロバンでは、願いましては　で計算を始め、最後はご破産で願いましては、で終了する。　我々の宇宙も淀みに浮かぶ泡沫のようなもので、できては壊れ、できては壊れる現象を繰り返しているのではないだろうか。泡沫の上の小さな存在の人間は結局、何も分からず、われ思うゆえにわれあり　と自己の存在を確かめる程の能力しか無い存在であると言える。　始めと終わり、過程も　ようとして分からない。

ブラックホールとゼロ除算、ゼロ除算の発見とその後の数学の発展を眺めていて、そのような宇宙観、人生観がひとりでに湧いてきて、奇妙に納得のいく気持ちになっている。

以　上

ゼロ除算の論文リスト：

List of division by zero: L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063. M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane, New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9. T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Matrices and division by zero z/0=0, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58 Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt \\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.201.... T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.) T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh, $\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Submitted for publication). H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada, Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. 6(2015), 1--8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1.... H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces, International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16. H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$, Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77. S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics). S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87--95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/ S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications, Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications - Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .

元々　ゼロ除算の発見は　素人の方の　100/0　に対する質問に　その動機の一つがあります（声明１４８）。　何十年もゼロ除算について考察をしていて、沢山の書き物や本さえ出版されている方がいますが、現在のところ、それらのすべての立場を否定し、我々の主張を繰り返し説明して、ついに皆さんは沈黙や　黙認のようになっていると考えられます。大体世界で２０名の　方々です。　その中には　1/0 　は　神秘的で、想像さえできないと　公言されている方もいる程です。　かのアインシュタインも　人生最大の課題と考えられていた　という事です。ブラックホールなど　宇宙論にも関係しています。

どうして、そのように難しく、実は当たり前　だったのでしょうか。　このことを

素人向きに　述べたいと　思います。

1割るゼロ　1/0 の問題の　本質です。　難問の理由は　上記20名くらいの方々の　考え、そして　世の人々の考えも　数学界の考えも　皆さん　それを　1割るゼロの意味と考えて、　その意味を　問わなかったことに　由来します。

それは　どのような意味かといえば、　それが普通考えるように　1/0=X とすれば、0　掛ける　X　で　ゼロになり　矛盾になってしまい、困ってしまうことになります。　そこで、1/0 とは　なんだろうと考えて　しまいます。実際、多くの人が　それは　虚数のような　我々の知らない　幻の数と考え　凄い世界を　考えたりしてきました。　他のありふれた考えは、今でも多くの人が迷い込んでいるように、ゼロを小さな数の先と考えて、それゆえに　1/0を無限大と考えています。　－　1/0　が分かった　と電話したところ　先輩名誉教授が、無限大でしょう　と　叫ばれたのが、鮮やかな記憶として残っています。　無限大は数ではないでしょう　と　即座に否定、それは　何とゼロであると答えました。　ゼロの答えに対し、他の名誉教授の、とても信じられない　の言葉も　新鮮に記憶に残っています。

ゼロ除算の本質を簡明に解説したいのです。ですから、予備知識もできるだけ少なく、したい。　しかしながら、基本的な関数 y= 1/x のグラフが思い浮かぶ方なら、下記の解説は分かりやすいです。

x 　が正の方向からゼロに近づけば、ｙ　はどんどん大きくなり、負の方向からゼロに近づけば　負の無限大に近づきます。

その関数の　原点 x=0 での値を問題にしたいのです。もし、 x=0 　での値が有るのならば、それは形上　1/0　と書けるからです。

平らな面に棒を立てて、　太陽の棒の影を考えて下さい。　もしも太陽が　棒の丁度真上にある場合を考えると　影の長さは、　棒の太さになると考えられます。　したがって、棒が細く、線分だったら、その時の影の長さはゼロです。－これは　数学できちんと表現すると 0/0=0　になりますから、　実は凄いことを既に述べています。　問題は、太陽がどんどん沈んでいく場合を考えます。　その時、どんどん影の長さがながくなっていく様子が分かります。　このようなことは容易に、簡単に想像できるのではないでしょうか。実験でも、数式でもそのことは確認されます。　問題の核心は　ここにあります。　太陽が棒の先と平面と平行になった場合、どうなるでしょうか？　ー　太陽が沈む瞬間ですね。平行ですから、影はできません。　しかし、それは、影がどんどん限りなく長くなった先のことです。　その場合、影の永さは無限大とみなされるべきでしょうか？　影は突然できていません。無限に大きくなる先です。それは無限大だと考えるのが今までの考えで、どんどん無限に大きくなっていく先だから、無限大と考える考えは、連続性の概念、考えで　アリストテレスの世界観だとされてきました。しかし、実は、影はできないのですから、その時ゼロとすべきではないでしょうか。この部分　インドの数学者 Bh\={a}skara（1114-1185）は　その事情を数式で表して、1/0=無限大　として、現在に至っています。

それがゼロだというのが、私たちの発見です。当たり前ですね。影の長さはゼロです。　そこで　関数y=1/x の場合ｘ＝０　の値をゼロとするのは、受け入れられるとなります。ここに現れたのが、突然飛んでいるという　凄い現象です。　しかし、気づいて見れば、図形的にも原点はそのグラフの　美しい点です。中心です。　そこで、そのことを1/0=0　の意味　とします。その関数の値をもって1/0=0　の定義である　とします。　その時、それは元々の割り算とは違う意味です。　最初の論文で、1/0　の意味のある定義、意味のある意味を与えた者が　いないので、我々は、新しい意味を与えたと、最初に述べました。

この最も大事な部分を　ゴシックで書いたのですが、初めから誤解して、分からない、分からないと　数年も繰り返してきました。　1/0　は　普通の意味での分数では意味がない、考えられないので、我々はその意味を与えたという事が、ゼロ除算を発見したことの意味です。

それを発展させ、ゼロ除算算法として定式化し　沢山の応用例を挙げました。それらは、初等数学全般の補強、拡充、ある完全化をもたらし、世界観の変更さえ要求しています。

そこで、初等数学の　令和革新　を広く提案して、将来　日本初の世界文化遺産　になるように努力したい　と述べている。

これらの数学の素人向きの解説は　５５カ月に亘って　次で与えられている：

数学基礎学力研究会公式サイト楽しい数学

www.mirun.sctv.jp/~suugaku/

数学的な解説論文は　次で公表されている：

viXra:1904.0408 submitted on 2019-04-22 00:32:30,

What Was Division by Zero?; Division by Zero Calculus and New World 我々は初等数学には基本的な欠陥が存在すると述べている。ゼロ除算は数学者ばかりではなく人類の、世界史の恥であると述べている。その真相を知りたいと　人々は思われないでしょうか。

\documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{latexsym,amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts,amstext,amsthm} \numberwithin{equation}{section} \begin{document} \title{\bf Announcement 471: The 5th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$ \\ (2019.2.2)} \author{{\it Institute of Reproducing Kernels}\\ Kawauchi-cho, 5-1648-16,\\ Kiryu 376-0041, Japan\\ {\bf [email protected]}\\ } \date{\today} \maketitle The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as 0/0=1/0=z/0=0 in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotelēs (BC384 - BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century - ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 - 668 ?).

For the details, see the references and the site: http://okmr.yamatoblog.net/

We wrote a global book manuscript \cite{s18} with 235 pages and stated in the preface and last section of the manuscript as follows: \bigskip

{\bf Preface} \medskip

The division by zero has the long and mysterious history over the world (see, for example, \index{H. G. Romig} \cite{boyer, romig} and Google site with the division by zero) with its physical viewpoint since the document of zero in India in AD 628. In particular, note that \index{Brahmagupta} Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta (598 -668 ?) established four arithmetic operations by introducing $0$ and at the same time he defined as $0/0=0$ in Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta. We have been, however, considering that his definition $0/0=0$ is wrong over 1300 years, but, we will see that his definition is right and suitable.

The division by zero $1/0=0/0=z/0$ itself will be quite clear and trivial with several natural extensions of fractions against the mysteriously long history, as we can see from the concept of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse \index{Moore-Penrose} \index{Tikhonov regularization} to the fundamental equation $az=b$, whose solution leads to the definition of $z =b/a$.

However, the result (definition) will show that for the elementary mapping $$ W = \frac{1}{z}, $$ the image of $z=0$ is $W=0$ ({\bf should be defined from the form}). This fact seems to be a curious one in connection with our well-established popular image for the point at infinity on the Riemann sphere \index{Riemann sphere} (\cite{ahlfors}). As the representation of the \index{point at infinity} point at infinity of the \index{Riemann sphere} Riemann sphere by the zero $z = 0$, we will see some delicate relations between $0$ and $\infty$ which show a strong \index{discontinuity} discontinuity at the point of infinity on the Riemann sphere. We did not consider any value of the elementary function $W =1/ z $ at the origin $z = 0$, because we did not consider the division by zero $1/ 0$ in a good way. Many and many people consider its value by limiting like $+\infty $ and $- \infty$ or the point at infinity as $\infty$. However, their basic idea comes from {\bf continuity} with the common sense or based on the basic idea of Aristotelēs %Aristotle\index{Aristotle}. -- For the related Greek philosophy, see \cite{a,b,c}. However, as the division by zero we will consider the value of the function $W =1 /z$ as zero at $z = 0$. We will see that this new definition is valid widely in mathematics and mathematical sciences, see (\cite{mos,osm}) for example. Therefore, the division by zero will give great impacts to calculus, Euclidean geometry, analytic geometry, differential equations, complex analysis at the undergraduate level and to our basic idea for the space and universe.

We have to arrange globally our modern mathematics at our undergraduate level. Our common sense on the division by zero will be wrong, with our basic idea on the space and universe since Aristotelēs and Euclid. We would like to show clearly these facts in this book. The content is at the undergraduate level.

Close the mysterious and long history of division by zero that may be considered as a symbol of the stupidity of the human race and open the new world since Aristotel{$\bar{\rm e}$}s-Eulcid. \bigskip \bigskip

{\bf Conclusion} \medskip

Apparently, the common sense on the division by zero with a long and mysterious history is wrong and our basic idea on the space around the point at infinity is also wrong since Euclid. On the gradient or on derivatives we have a great missing since $\tan (\pi/2) = 0$. Our mathematics is also wrong in elementary mathematics on the division by zero.

This book is elementary on our division by zero as the first publication of books for the topics. The contents have wide connections to various fields beyond mathematics. The author expects the readers to write some philosophy, papers and essays on the division by zero from this simple source book.

The division by zero theory may be developed and expanded greatly as in the author's conjecture whose break theory was recently given surprisingly and deeply by Professor \index{Qi'an Guan}Qi'an Guan \cite{guan} since 30 years proposed in \cite{s88} (the original is in \cite {s79}).

We have to arrange globally our modern mathematics with our division by zero in our undergraduate level.

We have to change our basic ideas for our space and world.

We have to change globally our textbooks and scientific books on the division by zero. \bigskip

Our division by zero research group wonders why our elementary results may still not be accepted by some wide world. \medskip

%We hope that:

%close the mysterious and long history of division by zero that may be considered as a symbol of the stupidity of the human race and open the new world since Aristotle-Eulcid. % \medskip

From the funny history of the division by zero, we will be able to realize that \medskip

human beings are full of prejudice and prejudice, and are narrow-minded, essentially.

\medskip

It seems that the long history of the division by zero is our shame and our mathematics in the elementary level has basic missings. Meanwhile, we have still great confusions and wrong ideas on the division by zero. Therefore, we would like to ask for the good corrections for the wrong ideas and some official approval for our division by zero as our basic duties.

\bibliographystyle{plain} \begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{ahlfors} L. V. Ahlfors, Complex Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1966.

\bibitem{boyer} C. B. Boyer, An early reference to division by zero, The Journal of the American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 50} (1943), (8), 487- 491. Retrieved March 6, 2018, from the JSTOR database.

\bibitem{cs} L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.

\bibitem{dops} W. W. D\"aumler, H. Okumura, V. V. Puha and S. Saitoh, Horn Torus Models for the Riemann Sphere and Division by Zero. (manuscript).

\bibitem{guan} Q. Guan, A proof of Saitoh's conjecture for conjugate Hardy H2 kernels, arXiv:1712.04207.

\bibitem{kmsy} M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane, New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.

\bibitem{ms16} T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Matrices and division by zero $z/0=0$, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, {\bf 6}(2016), 51-58 Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt \\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.2016.62007.

\bibitem{mms18} T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh, $\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics. {\bf 230} (2018), 293-305.

\bibitem{msy} H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada, Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. {\bf 6}(2015), 1--8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1.html

\bibitem{mos} H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces, International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, {\bf 2}8(2017); Issue 1, 1-16.

\bibitem{osm} H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$, Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), {\bf 1}(2017), 70-77.

\bibitem{os} H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, The Descartes circles theorem and division by zero calculus. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04961 (2017.11.14).

\bibitem{o} H. Okumura, Wasan geometry with the division by 0. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06947 International Journal of Geometry. {\bf 7}(2018), No. 1, 17-20.

\bibitem{os18april} H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Harmonic Mean and Division by Zero, Dedicated to Professor Josip Pe\v{c}ari\'{c} on the occasion of his 70th birthday,　Forum Geometricorum,　{\bf 18} (2018), 155—159.

\bibitem{os18} H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Remarks for The Twin Circles of Archimedes in a Skewed Arbelos by H. Okumura and M. Watanabe, Forum Geometricorum, {\bf 18}(2018), 97-100.

\bibitem{os18e} H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Applications of the division by zero calculus to Wasan geometry. GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH ON CLASSICAL AND MODERN GEOMETRIES” (GJARCMG), {\bf 7}(2018), 2, 44--49.

\bibitem{os1811} H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Wasan Geometry and Division by Zero Calculus, Sangaku Journal of Mathematics (SJM), {\bf 2 }(2018), 57--73.

\bibitem{ps18} S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics. {\bf 230} (2018), 399-418.

\bibitem{romig} H. G. Romig, Discussions: Early History of Division by Zero, American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 3}1, No. 8. (Oct., 1924), 387-389.

\bibitem{s79} S. Saitoh, The Bergman norm and the Szeg\"{o} norm, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., {\bf 249} (1979), no. 2, 261-279.

\bibitem{s88} S. Saitoh, Theory of reproducing kernels and its applications. Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Series, {\bf 189}. Longman Scientific \&Technical, Harlow; copublished in the United States with John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., New York, (1988). x+157 pp. ISBN: 0-582-03564-3.

\bibitem{s14} S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87--95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/

\bibitem{s16} S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications, Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications - Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182.

\bibitem{s17} S. Saitoh, Mysterious Properties of the Point at Infinity, arXiv:1712.09467 [math.GM](2017.12.17).

\bibitem{s18} S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus (235 pages): http//okmr.yamatoblog.net/

\bibitem{ttk} S.-E. Takahasi, M. Tsukada and Y. Kobayashi, Classification of continuous fractional binary operations on the real and complex fields, Tokyo Journal of Mathematics, {\bf 38}(2015), no. 2, 369-380.

\bibitem{a} https://philosophy.kent.edu/OPA2/sites/default/files/012001.pdf

\bibitem{b} http://publish.uwo.ca/~jbell/The 20Continuous.pdf

\bibitem{c} http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath526/kmath526.htm

\bibitem{ann179} Announcement 179 (2014.8.30): Division by zero is clear as z/0=0 and it is fundamental in mathematics.

\bibitem{ann185} Announcement 185 (2014.10.22): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.

\bibitem{ann237} Announcement 237 (2015.6.18): A reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$ by geometrical optics.

\bibitem{ann246} Announcement 246 (2015.9.17): An interpretation of the division by zero $1/0=0$ by the gradients of lines.

\bibitem{ann247} Announcement 247 (2015.9.22): The gradient of y-axis is zero and $\tan (\pi/2) =0$ by the division by zero $1/0=0$.

\bibitem{ann250} Announcement 250 (2015.10.20): What are numbers? - the Yamada field containing the division by zero $z/0=0$.

\bibitem{ann252} Announcement 252 (2015.11.1): Circles and curvature - an interpretation by Mr. Hiroshi Michiwaki of the division by zero $r/0 = 0$.

\bibitem{ann281} Announcement 281 (2016.2.1): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.

\bibitem{ann282} Announcement 282 (2016.2.2): The Division by Zero $z/0=0$ on the Second Birthday.

\bibitem{ann293} Announcement 293 (2016.3.27): Parallel lines on the Euclidean plane from the viewpoint of division by zero 1/0=0.

\bibitem{ann300} Announcement 300 (2016.05.22): New challenges on the division by zero z/0=0.

\bibitem{ann326} Announcement 326 (2016.10.17): The division by zero z/0=0 - its impact to human beings through education and research.

\bibitem{ann352} Announcement 352(2017.2.2): On the third birthday of the division by zero z/0=0.

\bibitem{ann354} Announcement 354(2017.2.8):　What are $n = 2,1,0$ regular polygons inscribed in a disc? -- relations of $0$ and infinity.

\bibitem{362} Announcement 362(2017.5.5): Discovery of the division by zero as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$

\bibitem{380} Announcement 380 (2017.8.21): What is the zero?

\bibitem{388} Announcement 388(2017.10.29): Information and ideas on zero and division by zero (a project).

\bibitem{409} Announcement 409 (2018.1.29.): 　Various Publication Projects on the Division by Zero.

\bibitem{410} Announcement 410 (2018.1 30.): What is mathematics? -- beyond logic; for great challengers on the division by zero.

\bibitem{412} Announcement 412(2018.2.2.): The 4th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.

\bibitem{433} Announcement 433(2018.7.16.): Puha's Horn Torus Model for the Riemann Sphere From the Viewpoint of Division by Zero.

\bibitem{448} Announcement 448(2018.8.20): Division by Zero; Funny History and New World.

\bibitem{454} Announcement 454(2018.9.29): The International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan, October 22-23.

\bibitem{460} Announcement 460(2018.11.06): Change the Poor Idea to the Definite Results For the Division by Zero - For the Leading Mathematicians.

\bibitem{461} Announcement 461(2018.11.10): An essence of division by zero and a new axiom.

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}

再生核研究所声明 470 (2019.2.2) 　ゼロ除算 1/0=0/0=z/0=\tan(\pi/2)=0 発見５周年を迎えて

ゼロ除算100/0=0の発見は　初期から　ゼロ除算の発見時から、　歴史的なものと考えて、詳しい過程を記録してきたが、ゼロ除算の影響は　初等数学全般に及び、　天動説が地動説に代わるような世界観の変更を要求している。　言わば新しい世界を拓く契機を与えるだろう。世界史は大きく動き、新しい時代を迎えられるだろう。―　これは我々の世界の見方が変化すること、心の在りようが　変化することを意味する。　しかるに　発見５周年を迎えても　その大きな影響を理解しない世情は、人類の歴史に　汚点を刻むことになるだろう。　数学の論理は　絶対的であり、数学の進化も　大局的には必然的なものである　（再生核研究所声明 467 (2019.1.3): 数学の素晴らしさ　ー　数学は絶対的な世界である）。

一数学者として　このようなことは、真智を求める者として、愛する者と��て、研究者の良心にかけて、　断言せざるを得ない。　また表現は、応援者たち、理解者たち、関係者たちが　相当に言わば晩年を迎えている実状を鑑みて、率直にならざるを得ない。実際、我々は明日の存在を期待してはならない状況にある：

再生核研究所声明４６５　(２０１９．１．１): 　年頭にあたって　－　１年の計　（部分引用：　年齢的に　Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚの場面が　いつ起きても不思議ではない状況にあることを　しっかりと捉える必要がある。まず、Ｘ　とは入院などでメールができない状況である。Ｙとは、意志表示ができない状況である。Ｚとは、意識が無い状況である。　したがって、いかなる場合にも平然と、それらに対応できる心構えを整えることを　修行として、心がけることが　大事である。　その原理は、それらに際して、後悔しないように準備に励ことである。それ故に、存念を率直にブログ、Facebook、論文、声明などで表現して　これまでとして、何時でも終末を迎えられるように　すべきである。 ―　上記メールができることであるが、著名な数学者の言葉であったと思うが、我れ思うゆえに我あり、我れメールするがゆえに、我れ存在すると多くの人は理解するだろう。実際、多くの人にとっては、情報を得ることで、その人の存在を認識��るだろう。交流できることが　生きている意味と捉えられるだろう。そのような　終末を迎える原理として、　ゼロ除算の帰結である　生命のグラフ、　すなわち　多くの過程は　初めに戻る　との教えは　大きく貢献するだろう。）

世にゼロで割ってはいけない、ゼロ除算は不可能であるや不定であるという常識は、全くの狭い見方、考え方、発想で、自然な意味でそれらは可能で、できないといって避けていたゼロ除算から、実は誰も考えたことのない世界が現れ、それが初等数学全般に及ぶことが９００件を超える知見で明らかにされてきた。要点は、解析関数を考えるときに、特異点そのものでは考えず、特異点を除いた部分で関数を考えて来たのに、実は孤立特異点そのもので、解析関数は、有限確定値を取ることが　分かったことである。―　例えば、解析関数　W= exp (1/z) は　原点z=0 でピカールの除外値1を取っている（ゼロ除算算法）。―　何と、この関数は原点の近くで、ただ一つの例外の数を除いて、すべての複素数値を無限回取るとされてきたが、その例外値が実は、特異点で取られていた。　その意味で、全く新しい数学が発見されたという事実である。　その影響は９００件を超える知見を齎し、初等数学全般に大きな影響を与える。既に確立しているホーン・トーラスという、アリストテレス、ユークリッド以来の　リーマン球面に代わる空間が発見された。我々の結果は　そのように自然な分数の意味で、1/0=0/0=\tan(\pi/2)=0　と表現されるが、その影響は　世界観の変更に及び、現在の世界は、ゼロ除算の新しい世界から見ると、未だ夜明け前と表現される。現在全体の様子を著書に纏め中である。

少し具体的に内容について触れて置く：まず代数学的にはゼロ除算を含む簡単な体の構造（山田体）が与えられているが、このことの認識が抜けているのは　代数学における　相当に基本的な欠陥　であると考えられる。体の構造はあまりにも基本的であるということである。幾何学においては無限遠点がゼロで表されることから、無限遠点が関与する幾何学、平行線、直線、円、三角形、２次曲線論など広範な幾何学に欠陥が存在する。曲率、勾配などの概念の修正が求められる。我々の空間の認識は　数学的にはユークリッド以来　不適当である　と言える。図形の式による孤立特異点を含む表現で、孤立特異点でゼロ除算算法を用いると　いろいろ面白い図形や、量が現れて、新規な世界が現れてくる。無限、特異点として考えて来なかった世界における新しい現象が現れてきた。これは未知の広大な世界である。解析学では、いわゆる孤立特異点では、そこでは一切考えて来なかったが、孤立特異点そこで、ローラン展開は　ゼロ除算算法として意味のある世界が拓かれているので、全く新しい数学を展開することが可能である。直接大きな影響を受けるのは微分方程式の分野で　ゼロ除算算法の視点から見ると、　微分方程式論は　相当に欠陥に満ちていると言える。典型的な結果はtan(\pi/2)=0である。微分係数がプラス、あるいはマイナス無限大と考えられてきたところが　実はゼロで、微分方程式論に本質的な影響を与える。特異点でも微分方程式を満たすという概念が生まれた。複素解析学ではゼロ除算算法の応用、影響の大きさから、そのように重要なゼロ除算算法の意義の解明が望まれる。様々な解析関数の孤立特異点の値は数学辞典、公式集の新たな章になるだろう。三角関数など初等関数については既に相当な結果が得られている。未知の世界である、孤立特異点での関数の性質を研究する、新世界における問題が広がっている。一般的な視点からの要点とは、まず、我々はゼロで割れることを、厳密な意味で与えて、言明し、その広範な影響が出てきたこと。それと裏腹に　ゼロと無限の関係を明らかにして、永い懸案のそれらの概念を明らかにして、それらの関係が確立されたことである。特に　この基本的な関係は　リーマン球面に代わるモデルとして、ホーン・トーラスとして　幾何学的に明示される。―　それで、無限とゼロの意味とそれらの関係が分かったと言える。最近物理学者も興味を寄せてきているが、ホーン・トーラス上の数学は、今後の課題である。

ゼロ除算算法とは　強力な不連続性を伴った　仮説であり、仮定である（数学そのものがそのような構造をしている）が、　ゼロ除算そのものの意味は依然不明であり、その意味の追求は　ブラックホールの解明のようにゼロ除算算法の研究を行うことで、意味を追求していくことになる。その本質は、どうして　そのように強力な不連続性が与えられているか、無限とゼロの関係を追及していくことである。もちろん、universe　の現象として捉えていく必要がある。

５周年を迎えるに当たって、我々は世に　ゼロ除算の理解を広く求め、かつ、関係者の研究への参加と協力を求め、かつお願いしたい。数学の教育関係者、出版関係者には初歩的で基本的な新しい数学からの広範な影響を　教育・文化に反映させるように協力をお願いしたい：

再生核研究所声明 431(2018.7.14): ｙ軸の勾配はゼロである　－　おかしな数学、おかしな数学界、おかしな雑誌界、おかしなマスコミ界?　

（部分引用：　原点から出る直線の勾配で　考えられない例外の直線が存在して、それが y軸の方向であるということです。このような例外が存在するのは　理論として不完全であると言えます。それが常識外れとも言える結果、ゼロの勾配　を有するということです。この発見は算術の確立者Brahmagupta (598 -668 ?)　以来の発見で、　ゼロ除算の意味の発見と結果1/0=0/0=0から導かれた具体的な結果です。それは、微分係数の概念の新な発見やユークリッド以来の我々の空間の認識を変える数学ばかりではなく　世界観の変更を求める大きな事件に繋がります。そこで、日本数学会でも関数論分科会、数学基礎論・歴史分科会，代数学分科会、関数方程式分科会、幾何学分科会などでも　それぞれの分科会の精神を尊重する形でゼロ除算の意義を述べてきました。招待された国際会議やいろいろな雑誌にも論文を出版している。イギリスの出版社と著書出版の契約も済ませている。２０１４年　発見当時から、馬鹿げているように　これは世界史上の事件であると公言して、世の理解を求めてきていて、詳しい経過なども　できるだけ記録を残すようにしている。これらは数学教育・研究の基礎に関わるものとして、日本数学会にも直接広く働きかけている。何故なら、我々の数学の基礎には大きな欠陥があり、我々の学術書は欠陥に満ちているからである。どんどん理解者が　増大する状況は有るものの依然として上記真実に対して、数学界、学術雑誌関係者、マスコミ関係の対応の在り様は誠におかしいのではないでしょうか。　我々の数学や空間の認識は　ユークリッド以来、欠陥を有し、我々の数学は　基本的な欠陥を有していると８００件を超える沢山の具体例を挙げて　示している。真実を求め、教育に真摯な人は　その真相を求め、真実の追求を始めるべきではないでしょうか。　雑誌やマスコミ関係者も　余りにも基礎的な問題提起に　真剣に取り組まれるべきでは　ないでしょうか。最も具体的な結果　y軸の勾配は　どうなっているか、究めようではありませんか。それがゼロ除算の神秘的な歴史やユークリッド以来の我々の空間の認識を変える事件に繋がっていると述べているのです。　それらがどうでも良いは　おかしいのではないでしょうか。人類未だ未明の野蛮な存在に見える。ゼロ除算の世界が見えないようでは、未だ夜明け前と言われても仕方がない。）

以　上

[2981] viXra:1902.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2019-02-03 22:47:53 We Can Divide the Numbers and Analytic Functions by Zero\\ with a Natural Sense. Authors: Saburou Saitoh http://vixra.org/abs/1902.0058

Horn Torus Models for the Riemann Sphere and Division by Zero http://vixra.org/abs/1902.0223

#知恵袋_

#ブラックホールは神がゼロで割ったところにある

#再生核研究所ゼロ除算発見

#2014年2月2日ゼロ除算の発見

#ゼロ除算を発見したのは2014年2月2日

#ゼロ除算の発見は再生核研究所

#定義

#再生核研究所ゼロ除算の発見

#5年を超えたゼロ除算の発見と重要性を指摘した

#特異点

#不連続

#数学物理学天文学神学コンピュータサイエンス

#Blackholeブラックホール

#479再生核研究所声明

0 notes

caveartfair · 7 years ago

Text

The Fashion Designer Who Made Dalí’s Art Wearable

Elsa Schiaparelli and Salvador Dalí, ca. 1949. Image rights of Salvador Dalí reserved. Fundacio Gala-Salvador Dalí, Figueres, 2017.

Salvador Dalí, Three Young Surrealist Women Holding in their Arms the Skins of an Orchestra, 1936. Worldwide rights © Salvador Dalí. Fundacio Gala-Salvador Dalí (Artists Rights Society), 2017 / In the USA © Salvador Dalí Museum, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL 2017.

Fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli had no shortage of artist collaborators in the 1930s and ’40s. Alberto Giacometti fashioned her one-of-a-kind buttons out of bronze. Man Ray often asked her to model for his photographs. Meret Oppenheim designed a fur bracelet in 1936 that Schiaparelli included in her winter collection (reputedly the piece was the precursor to the artist’s iconic fur-covered teacup).

But Schiaparelli’s most celebrated working relationship may be the one she developed with famed Surrealist Salvador Dalí. An ongoing show at the Dalí Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida, centers on their creative partnership, which resulted in such radical, flamboyant designs as a high heel-shaped “shoe hat” and a dress sporting printed-on rips.

It’s not certain when the pair first laid eyes on each other, says Dalí Museum executive director Hank Hine, although their social circles at that time had significant overlap. “I imagine them meeting at a party, at one of these famous palaces just outside of Paris that belonged to a count or countess,” he says. We can, however, date their first collaboration to 1935: a powder compact cleverly designed to look like a rotary phone dial.

Salvador Dalí, Aphrodisiac Telephone (Lobster Telephone), 1938. Worldwide rights © Salvador Dalí. Fundacio Gala-Salvador Dalí (Artists Rights Society), 2017 / In the USA © Salvador Dalí Museum, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL 2017.

By that point, Schiaparelli was well on her way to becoming the most influential fashion designer of the period. A trompe l’oeil design for a hand-knit sweater, which mimicked a square collar and red bow, had kickstarted her career in 1927 when it was picked up by an American buyer from Macy’s. By 1932, she was managing 400 employees who churned out as many as 8,000 garments per year.

Dalí and Schiaparelli’s partnership was a natural one, according to Hine. “On the artistic side, they shared real daring,” he notes. “They shared this sense of doing astonishing things that would shock and amaze.”

The artist was so impressed by the designer’s work that, in his book The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí (1942), he opined that the second half of the 1930s was defined “not by the surrealist polemics in the café on Place Blanche, or by the suicide of my great friend René Crevel, but by the dressmaking establishment, which Elsa Schiaparelli was about to open on the Place Vendôme.” With characteristic humility, he continued: “Here new morphological phenomena occurred; here the essence of things was to become; transubstantiated; here the tongues of fire of the Holy Ghost of Dalí were going to descend.”

Woman's Dinner Dress. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Gift of Mme Elsa Schiaparelli.

Schiaparelli Haute Couture, Spring/Summer 2017.

These so-called “tongues of fire” sparked a number of marvelously strange garments. In August 1936, the pair worked together to design a Surrealist-influenced line of suits and coats. Dalí had just painted The Anthropomorphic Cabinet (1936), in which a woman's body becomes a chest of drawers; Schiaparelli’s designs responded with drawer-like pockets featuring plastic drop handles. Inspiration for the “shoe hat” of winter 1937–38 came from a photograph of Dalí, taken by his wife Gala in 1933, in which he had one shoe perched on his head and another on his shoulder. Schiaparelli would later note that only socialite Daisy Fellowes, “the most-talked about well-dressed woman, the supreme word in elegance at that time, had the courage to wear it.”

But Hine’s favorite design is the Skeleton Dress (1938), based on a Dalí drawing of a woman in a sheer, clingy dress that reveals her rib cage and hip bones. Schiaparelli’s real-life version was made from a black rayon, with tucks of fabric sewn on to resemble ribs. “To me it embodies the whole issue of fashion and why it's so serious and so interesting to us,” Hine says. “That is, whatever we wear on the outside always expresses to some degree what we feel on the inside—the sense of externalizing the interior.” Although only one version of the this dress was ever made, its striking silhouette inspired later designers including Alexander McQueen.

Like the skeleton dress, the Tear Dress of 1938 is rather macabre, printed to look as though the “skin of the dress had been ripped by an animal's claws,” explains Hine. “That was done just before Europe fell into warfare and chaos. There was this sense of impending violence.”

In 1941, with the war encroaching, Schiaparelli departed Paris for New York. There, rather than designing, she volunteered for the war relief efforts. When World War II ended, fashion wasn’t the same—her place had been usurped by the femininity of designers such as Christian Dior and Coco Chanel. Schiaparelli continued to operate her business until 1954, when it declared bankruptcy.

Chanel, actually, despised her fellow designer, contemptuously referring to her “that Italian artist.” And certainly, Schiaparelli was electrified by her circle of fine artist friends. “One felt supported and understood beyond the crude and boring reality of merely making a dress to sell,” she wrote in her autobiography.

“Le Roy Soleil” magazine advertisement. ©Salvador Dali. Fundacio Gala-Salvador Dali, Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York 2017/ Collection of the Salvador Dali Museum, Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, 2017.

But Schiaparelli’s connection with the arts went even deeper. “Dress designing is to me not a profession but an art. I found it was a most difficult and unsatisfying art, because as soon as the dress is born it has already become a thing of the past,” she wrote. “A dress has no life of its own unless it is worn, and as soon as this happens another personality takes over from you and animates it, or tries to, glorifies it or destroys it, or makes it into a song of beauty. More often it becomes an indifferent object, or even a pitiful caricature of what you wanted it to be—a dream, an expression.”

from Artsy News

#Artsy News

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tinymixtapes · 7 years ago

Text

Column: Favorite Rap Mixtapes of July 2017

With a cascade of releases spewing from the likes of DatPiff, LiveMixtapes, Bandcamp, and SoundCloud, it can be difficult to keep up with the overbearing yet increasingly vital mixtape game. In this column, we aim to immerse ourselves in this hyper-prolific world and share our favorite releases each month. The focus will primarily be on rap mixtapes — loosely defined here as free (or sometimes free-to-stream) digital releases — but we’ll keep things loose enough to branch out if/when we feel it necessary. (Check out last month’s installment here.) --- VIK - Facts of Life [stream/download] There are a thousand Soundcloud users out there who want to be the next All These Fingers, YungMorgpheus, or Theravada, but like the Highlander, there can be only one. Anybody can fuck up a beat, you see? But it takes a measure of ingenuity to fuck up, in, out, on, and off that beat simultaneously. VIK does these things, and he raps under the name Comfy God. Look, I’m just telling you facts here. Facts of Life is everyman rap as a mostly wordless psychogeography, an anti-happening happening to occur on tape, that type of spontaneity so dope it makes you believe in destiny… and rewind. –Samuel Diamond --- Jonatan Leandoer127 - Katla [stream] Looks like someone’s been hitting the books lately. Ditching the Yung Lean moniker for his government name, Jonatan Leandoer127 opens his sophomore effort with an excerpt from Milton’s Paradise Lost. “Immediate are the acts of God, more swift Than time or motion,” he recites, stumbling over a few words. Producer Palmistry washes the missteps with swells muted strings — no drums needed. Save for the occasional flourish of cyborgian autotune, Katla bears little resemblance to Yung Lean’s back catalogue. You’d have better luck shelving tracks like “Hell Rain” and “Cathedral” in a playlist alongside Julee Cruise and Lust For Youth than you would next to cuts from Unknown Death or Warlord. Leandoer’s Swedish spoken-word poems are chanted with liturgical weight atop misty ambience, then strained through a compression filter as tinny as a Nokia Tracfone’s speaker. Imagine This Mortal Coil remixed by Moby or Oneohtrix Point Never grabbing hold of some Sinead O’Connor stems. File this one under “Future Folk.” –Jude Noel --- Truman Snow - TRUIYASHA [stream/download] I don’t know why Truman Snow isn’t Tiny Mix Tapes’ favorite rapper, but I can only assume it’s because I’m the one championing him thus far. Sorry, Tru. Let me put it like this, though: If you like Young Thug and Future, you should love Truman Snow. If you love Young Thug and Future, you should move to Norfolk, Connecticut, find Truman Snow and volunteer to mule drugs for him or something. He probably doesn’t even need that service, but it’s the thought that counts. And the drugs count too, so buy Truman Snow ALL the drugs, mule them to him, then buy them back from him. Don’t lend him your ears. Give them to him, like Van Gogh. He may have only released two mixtapes so far this year, but he deserves 10 spots on all our lists. –Samuel Diamond --- Godbody Jones - IN GOD WE TRUST [stream] Godbody Jones is an MC/photographer, from Memphis, Tennessee, but his art contains little of the grim aesthetic that have brought horrorcore rappers like Tommy Wright’s 10 Wanted Men and Geto Boys back into the underground spotlight. His lyrics may be typically nihilistic, the product of young frustration directed a crippled nation, but they soar over uniquely melodic beats on “Intro” and “Face It.” Jones has a confident, expressive voice with good range, which is practically a requirement for a successful 2017-era MC. On “Brightness Down,” he puts it all on display, gliding effortlessly between deadpan drawl and slurring vocoder runs. When Jones sings, “Are you down for a ride, or you down for a roll?,” dragging out the “roll” like a he’s skating a steezy rock to fakie, the head instinctually bobs along with him. “Coraline” is a standout — evidence that the Godbody has hitmaker potential alongside being a harbinger of doom. –al ghul --- Scallops Hotel - Over the Carnage Rose a Voice Prophetic [stream/download] If DJ Escrow’s Universal Soulja is the logical extreme of noise rap, a kind of “Coke La Rock meets Merzbow” alpha-omega point, then Scallops Hotel’s Over the Carnage Rose a Voice Prophetic could be described as alt rap on a similar trajectory; however, the tape’s loose assemblage of experimental one-offs, classic remixes, obscure collabos, and instrumental interludes has such a kid-in-a-sandbox vibe that such microgenre descriptors miss the point. If you want to hear a young mastermind at work, you listen to Milo, but if you want to hear that mastermind at play, working things out and having what sounds like an awesome time doing it, you listen to Milo’s side project Scallops Hotel. This is what a mixtape is supposed to be, but better. –Samuel Diamond --- DJ Escrow - Universal Soulja Vol. 1 [stream] “Lifted up.” Overdrive, reverb, and more overdrive, in layers like the roll of tinfoil I accidentally peeled unevenly and fucked up even worse trying to fix. Adlibs hollered as if over a heavy wind. A steady, violent burn. “Dipping T-shirts in blood and that.” The “fucking exclusive” WeTransfer link already expired; “you’ve got to get a new connect, find a new plug.” A PROLIFIC DEAMON with nothing to prove, Escrow lacks the easygoing temperament of a Blue Iverson, though I think some of the latter’s cheaply synthesized strings are hiding somewhere, flayed beyond recognition, in his jagged brush. Clearly the spark to balance the cool of right-hand-man Babyfather, his gift to the melting world this July was a mixtape with texture to match the brain-baking heat. The long, empty days of summer can grow around you like a husk; stay alert. “The mind is a terrible thing to waste.” –Will Neibergall [pagebreak] --- Knxwledge - HEX.10.8_ [stream] The L.A. producer Knxwledge slips a new set of beats onto his bandcamp page on a rigorous schedule (just in time for our Monthly Mixtape Roundup, it would seem). Each of these tapes — about 15-20 minutes in length — sells for $10.88, so artists claiming there’s no money in purchasing music should hit this dude up for some tips, because his beats are hotter and come in more flavors than LaCroix nice-smelling carbonated water. They are not, however, simply nice-smelling water. There’s a delightful crate-digging, compilation quality to them. Knxwledge sorts his beats into different series, the names of which often change (HEX used to be “Hexual_Sealing”). Some songs on HEX.10.8_ end abruptly, others, like “dordie_” and “issaparty_,” are simply heavily side-chained early Millennium R&B. It’s usual Knxwledge fair, the sort that has made him a superstar in the lofi beats scene. When Soundcloud goes to the great silicon server in the sky, taking all its 2-cent producers running circles around “Blue in Green,” at least we can safely hold onto the knowledge that this Stones Throw schxlar will keep us supplied with the essentials. –al ghul --- MIKE - May God Bless Your Hustle [stream/download] I hesitate to even include May God Bless Your Hustle in this column, because although we should be well beyond that whole album vs. mixtape / high vs. low art bullshit, I fear it remains embedded in the back of our minds, but since I’m going in hard this month anyway, let’s get it. MIKE’s is a young voice and an old soul helping each other make the most of each day and night. May God Bless Your Hustle, easily his most complete, cohesive, coalescing project to date by my summation, might well be called a new kind of hustle altogether if it didn’t feel so damn familiar. Not derivative nor redundant, but well-informed and engaged, it’s like natural syndicalism. It just makes sense. –Samuel Diamond --- Ski Mask the Slump God - YouWillRegret [stream] “I’m not lyrical, but I’m lyrical,” said Ski Mask the Slump God in an interview with Power 105.1’s DJ Self. “I just like saying stuff to make people say ‘wow.’” You’d be hard pressed to find a better quote that could serve as the Broward County emcee’s artist’s statement — like Lil Uzi Vert admitted to his fellow XXL Freshman Class panelists in 2016, he eschews narrative to focus entirely on “getting in the booth and making it sound good.” On his official debut LP, Ski Mask trades in his usual samples of cartoon theme songs for gothic compositions trimmed with church organ and detuned synths. Despite sharing a blown-out bass tone with fellow members of Florida’s Soundcloud scene, he bears more of a resemblance to early-80s minimal wave acts like Oppenheimer Analysis and Solid Space than his geographical neighbors. The drastic timbral shift pays off: with more room to breathe, Ski Mask’s zig-zagging, triple-knotted flows are clearly on display from all angles. The long-awaited “Bird Is The Word” is queasily dissonant, pairing a heaved delivery with creeping chords. “Gone” is ethereal enough to fit next to BeeDeeGee and Holly Herndon on a 4AD compilation. “Adventure Time” still sounds as ahead of its time as it did when dropped on Boxing Day, seven months ago. Even at his least gimmicky, you’d be hard-pressed to find anyone who sounds as fresh as Ski Mask the Slump God does on YouWillRegret. Don’t sleep. –Jude Noel --- Dizzy SenZe - Hueman Vertigo [stream] The problem with nostalgia and novelties is that they can get old quick. I’m not naming names, but maybe, just maybe, there are more than a few throwback rappers du jure who wouldn’t have been given the time du jure when their style was actually hot. Plus, this being New York, I could literally walk down the street, point to a person, and get a verse doper than most of what’s sent my way by the PR goons who flood my inbox daily, but I digress. To America, Dizzy SenZe may be New York to a fault, but it’s no fault of her own. When you’re this good at what you do, it’d be foolish to do otherwise. Dizzy does the Bronx justice simply by doing herself. This is how it’s done. –Samuel Diamond --- Trouble - 16 [stream/download] Like a thief in the night, Trouble has seized the next spot in line. Finally. Since 2011, he’s been perpetually on the verge of a breakthrough, a walking renegade whose show-stealing features simply couldn’t translate to sustained popularity when it came time to drop his own shit. Starting with last year’s Skoobzilla, that might finally be changing. Trouble’s greatest strength is his versatility, and he’s wasted no time adapting his style to the ever-evolving rap zeitgeist. Remarkably, 16 is just a teaser, collecting a handful of tracks that evidently won’t make Trouble’s forthcoming album EdgeWood. Given the quality of 16, that’s a very good sign. EdgeWood will be entirely produced by Mike WiLL Made-It, with Drake and The Weeknd headlining an already impressive list of features. Fool me once, etc., but if 16 is any indication, then Trouble’s coming for real this time. –Corrigan B --- Warhol.SS - 3200 [stream] Warhol.SS arrived at his namesake through Basquiat, the genius artist/celebrity who practically invented the nature of hype, rising in the public eye at a Migos pace, before dying from a heroin overdose with Cobain expediency. His paintings now sell for eye-watering suitcases of money. We’re talking over 550 lbs in $100 bills. Basquiat was admittedly with Andy, or maybe, like many of the King of Pop-Art’s hangers on, he sees the association as a conduit to success. 3200 is compiled of Soundcloud tracks (probably a smart move, considering the platform’s uncertain future). Warhol’s flow is amusing off-kilter on “Mac Up” and “In The Field,” as if the dude is jumping around in the booth while he records. He sounds like a less nihilistic Chief Keef, riding explosive sub bass like he held the engineer at gun point and made him turn it the fuck up, levels be damned. “Bag it 2” pairs this King Kong kick to some bouncy 8-bit synths — it’s by far the standout on a tape that shows progress. –al ghul --- Secret Museum of Mankind - The Masculine Dignity of Mountain Tribesmen [stream/download] Das Racist was a delusion of grandeur turned actually grandiose. Kool AD’s solo work, on the other hand, is more like a grand delusion. Dude is rapping so much and recording so many of those raps, his catalog basically amounts to a transient’s travelogue, if that travelogue was the direct transcript of an inner-monologue. Long story short, the man is logging some serious time in booths. Secret Museum of Mankind finds that wanderer work ethic in a kind of supergroup setting, with freestyles so hifalutin they ought to be engraved in metal slabs and stuck on walls for future passersby. Kool AD + Quelle Chris + these other dudes x Steel Tipped Dove = historic bruh. –Samuel Diamond http://j.mp/2h9ujGs

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papermoonloveslucy · 4 years ago

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THE PORTRAIT ARTIST

August 6, 1948

"The Portrait Artist” aka “The Portrait Painter” aka “The Portrait” is episode #3 of the radio program MY FAVORITE HUSBAND broadcast on August 6, 1948 on the CBS Radio Network.

Synopsis ~ Liz is having her portrait painted by a handsome but gruff artist. George gets jealous and fakes illness, and he is attended to by a sexy young nurse - causing the green-eyed monster to rear between both Cugats!

MAIN CAST

Lucille Ball (Liz Cugat) was born on August 6, 1911 in Jamestown, New York. She began her screen career in 1933 and was known in Hollywood as ‘Queen of the B’s’ due to her many appearances in ‘B’ movies. With Richard Denning, she starred in a radio program titled “My Favorite Husband” which eventually led to the creation of “I Love Lucy,” a television situation comedy in which she co-starred with her real-life husband, Latin bandleader Desi Arnaz. The program was phenomenally successful, allowing the couple to purchase what was once RKO Studios, re-naming it Desilu. When the show ended in 1960 (in an hour-long format known as “The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour”) so did Lucy and Desi’s marriage. In 1962, hoping to keep Desilu financially solvent, Lucy returned to the sitcom format with “The Lucy Show,” which lasted six seasons. She followed that with a similar sitcom “Here’s Lucy” co-starring with her real-life children, Lucie and Desi Jr., as well as Gale Gordon, who had joined the cast of “The Lucy Show” during season two. Before her death in 1989, Lucy made one more attempt at a sitcom with “Life With Lucy,” also with Gordon.

Richard Denning (George Cugat) was born as Louis Albert Heindrich Denninger Jr., in Poughkeepsie, New York. When he was 18 months old, his family moved to Los Angeles. Plans called for him to take over his father's garment manufacturing business, but he developed an interest in acting. Denning enlisted in the US Navy during World War II. He is best known for his roles in various science fiction and horror films of the 1950s. Although he teamed with Lucille Ball on radio in “My Favorite Husband,” the two never acted together on screen. While “I Love Lucy” was on the air, he was seen on another CBS TV series, “Mr. & Mrs. North.” From 1968 to 1980 he played the Governor on “Hawaii 5-0″, his final role. He died in 1998 at age 84.

Ruth Perrott (Katie, the Maid) was also later seen on “I Love Lucy.” She first played Mrs. Pomerantz, a member of the surprise investigating committee for the Society Matrons League in “Pioneer Women” (ILL S1;E25), was one of the member of the Wednesday Afternoon Fine Arts League in “Lucy and Ethel Buy the Same Dress” (ILL S3;E3), and also played a nurse when “Lucy Goes to the Hospital” (ILL S2;E16). She died in 1996 at the age of 96.

GUEST CAST

John Hiestand (Cory Cartwright) served as the announcer for the radio show “Let George Do It” from 1946 to 1950. In 1955 he did an episode of “Our Miss Brooks” opposite Gale Gordon in which he once again had the surname Cartwright.

The role of Cory Cartwright was originated by Hal March but Hiestand very quickly replaced him. March did, however, stay with the show and appears from time time as various characters.

Jeff Chandler (Damon Welch) was known for his prematurely gray hair and striking good looks as a young man. On radio, he was on “Our Miss Brooks” as Mr. Boynton with Eve Arden. When the series moved to television in 1952, Chandler was replaced by Robert Rockwell. Chandler died at age 42 from blood poisoning after an operation.

William Johnstone (Doctor) is best known for his voice work as the title character on “The Shadow” from 1938 to 1943, replacing Lucille Ball’s friend Orson Welles. He played John Jacob Astor in the 1953 film Titanic.

Mary Shipp (Nurse Mary Ann McCarthy) was a radio and TV actress and the second wife of CBS Executive Harry Ackerman. Shipp played a recurring character on CBS’s “My Friend Irma” (1954-55) which featured Gale Gordon’s mother Gloria and Hal March, who was the first actor to play Cory Cartwright.

“My Favorite Husband” was based on the novels Mr. and Mrs. Cugat, the Record of a Happy Marriage (1940) and Outside Eden (1945) by Isabel Scott Rorick, which had previously been adapted into the film Are Husbands Necessary? (1942). “My Favorite Husband” was first broadcast as a one-time special on July 5, 1948. Lucille Ball and Lee Bowman played the characters of Liz and George Cugat, and a positive response to this broadcast convinced CBS to launch “My Favorite Husband” as a series on July 23, 1948. Bowman was not available Richard Denning was cast as George. On January 7, 1949, confusion with bandleader Xavier Cugat prompted a name change to Cooper. On this same episode Jell-O became its sponsor. A total of 124 episodes of the program aired from July 23, 1948 through March 31, 1951. After about ten episodes had been written, writers Fox and Davenport departed and three new writers took over – Bob Carroll, Jr., Madelyn Pugh, and head writer/producer Jess Oppenheimer. In March 1949 Gale Gordon took over the existing role of George’s boss, Rudolph Atterbury, and Bea Benaderet was added as his wife, Iris. CBS brought “My Favorite Husband” to television in 1953, starring Joan Caulfield and Barry Nelson as Liz and George Cooper. The television version ran two-and-a-half seasons, from September 1953 through December 1955, running concurrently with “I Love Lucy.” It was produced live at CBS Television City for most of its run, until switching to film for a truncated third season filmed (ironically) at Desilu and recasting Liz Cooper with Vanessa Brown.

This episode aired on Lucille Ball’s 37th birthday, August 6, 1948.

At this point in the series, George and Liz are still named Cugat. Their surname will be changed to Cooper in 1949 to avoid confusion with a famous Latin bandleader. No, not Desi Arnaz - Xavier Cugat! Also, the show had yet to introduce Iris and Rudolph Atterbury, the secondary characters, similar to Fred and Ethel on “I Love Lucy.” The character of Cory Cartwright, a handsome bachelor friend of the couple, will shortly be phased out. He was initially played by Hal March, but here played by John Hiestand.

Marital jealousy and painting were also the subjects of “My Favorite Husband” the CBS television show on November 29, 1955.

THE EPISODE

Announcer Bob LeMond sets up the premise of the series:

Ten years ago the town’s most eligible bachelor, George Cugat, married socially prominent Elizabeth Elliott. The lavish wedding kept the society columns all over the country in copy for weeks. The New Yorker said:

“The bride and groom were dressed with the nth degree of smartness. The best man was a polo pony.”

The Hearst Papers said:

“The bride and groom were dressed handsomely and attracted comments from guest Douglas MacArthur.”

And The Reader’s Digest said:

“The bride and groom were dressed.”

The joke lies in the brevity of the Digest’s comments. The Reader’s Digest was known for their publication of abridged novels, short stories, and articles that could be read in one sitting. Ricky was seen reading the Digest in “Lucy Writes a Novel” in 1954. That same year, a biography of Ball by Eleanor Harris was included in the Digest - condensed, naturally. Ball appeared on the covers in 1990 and 2003.

Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964) was a five-star general and Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s. He played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. At the time of broadcast, he was running for President of the United States, but was defeated in the primaries by Dewey, who was narrowly defeated in the election by Harry S. Truman. In “Lucy and the Submarine” (1966) Mr. Mooney(Gale Gordon) tells Lucy he’s going on a two-week training, but warns her (in his best deep-voiced, measure tones) that “I shall return!” These were the immortal words spoken by MacArthur when he escaped the Philippines after being surrounded by the Japanese in March 1942.

It is morning at the Cugat home and while George is having breakfast, Katie the maid is trying to help Liz fit into a tight-fitting and slinky evening gown in preparation for having her portrait painted. Katie suggests wearing a different dress for the portrait, but Liz is worried that they might move to Boston one day, and she doesn’t want her portrait banned!

"Banned in Boston" was a phrase employed from the late 19th century through the mid-20th century, to describe a literary work, song, motion picture, or play which had been prohibited from distribution or exhibition in Boston, Massachusetts. During this period, Boston officials had wide authority to ban works featuring "objectionable" content, and often banned works with sexual content or foul language. In 1944, just a few years before this broadcast, Boston banned the book Forever Amber by Kathleen Winsor, which was referred to on “I Love Lucy” as Forever Ember.

Liz goes down to breakfast in her slinky evening gown and tells George that she is having her portrait painted by noted artist Damon Welch.

LIZ: “They say he’s very big and strong and muscular like, uh...who’s that rugged tall actor in the movies? The one with the big arms and broad shoulders?” GEORGE: “Marjorie Main.” LIZ: “No, Victor Mature.”

Marjorie Main (1890-1975) was a character actress who just a few months before this broadcast earned an Oscar nomination for The Egg and I. In 1954 she was a supporting player in Lucy and Desi’s The Long, Long Trailer (1953).

Victor Mature (1913-99) was a stage, film, and television actor who starred in several movies during the 1950s, and was known for his dark hair and smile. Mature and Lucille Ball acted together in Seven Days Leave (1942) and Easy Living (1949).

Bachelor Cory Cartwright (John Hiestand) visits the Cugats with exciting news about his date last night:

CORY: “She had a smile like Lana Turner, a voice like Dinah Shore, she kissed like Paulette Goddard.” LIZ: “Do you date her or buy tickets to her?”

Lana Turner (1921-55) achieved fame as both a pin-up model and a film actress. In the mid-1940s, she was one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood and one of MGM) biggest stars. In 1943, she did a cameo in Lucille Ball’s Du Barry Was a Lady. Turner was mentioned in three episodes of “I Love Lucy.”

Dinah Shore (1916-94) was a singer, actress and television personality, as well as a top-charting female vocalist of the 1940s. She achieved even greater success on television, mainly as hostess of a series of variety and talk programs, although she guest starred on “Here’s Lucy” in 1971. Ball made numerous appearances on Shore’s talk shows as well.

Paulette Goddard (1910-90) was major star of Paramount Pictures in the 1940s. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in So Proudly We Hail! (1943). She did three films with Lucille Ball between 1933 and 1934: Roman Scandals, The Bowery, and The Kid.

George comes home from work and asks Liz about progress on the portrait. Liz was impressed by Welch’s world experience. George feels inadequate. He makes her tell him how much she loves him.

LIZ: “Hold me tighter. Make believe I’m a tube of toothpaste and pop my cap off!”

Dejected that Liz wants him to take up painting like Damon Welch, George goes to bed without his supper.

The second act begins with George deciding to stay home, pretending to be sick in order to keep an eye on Liz and Welch. Katie admits Damon for their sitting. Welch doesn’t believe George is sick.

DAMON: “You should get out-of-doors; do some exercises. Run the mile, do some chin-ups, push-ups, chop some wood, mow the lawn, pull some weights...” LIZ: “Tote that barge, lift that bale!”

Liz chimes in with lyrics from the song “Old Man River” by Oscar Hammerstein II and Jerome Kern, written for the 1927 musical Show Boat. A revival of the musical ran on Broadway in 1946. There was a radio adaptation in 1944. In “Never Do Business With Friends” (1953), Lucy Ricardo analogizes her housework without an electric washing machine to that of the slaves who sing “Old Man River”:

LUCY: “Carrying this heavy basket - up and down, up and down. My muscles straining, body all aching and racked with pain. Fold those shirts, lift those sheets.” RICKY: “Now, look, Old Man River, will you dry up?”

The doctor arrives and examines George, finding nothing whatever the matter with him. His diagnosis is extreme jealousy-itis. He summons his new nurse, Mary Ann McCarthy (Mary Shipp), whose beauty stops George in his tracks.

Downstairs, Liz is still being painted by Damon, but not nearly fast enough for her liking. She complains that he still hasn’t painted her hair! She doesn’t like seeing herself bald!

LIZ: “I look like my mother was frightened by Guy Kibbee!” MONTY: “I’ll paint in your hair when I see fit, and not a second sooner. Until that time you’ll remain an egg-head and like it!”

Guy Kibbee (1882-1956) was a stage and film actor. In the 1935 film Mary Jane's Pa, Kibbee prepares a breakfast dish which consists of a hole cut out of the center of a slice of bread, and an egg cracked into it, all of which is fried in a skillet. It became known as Guy Kibbee Eggs but is also known as eggs in a basket. Liz is no doubt comparing her bald head on the canvas with the eggs. I didn’t hurt the comparison that Kibbee was also bald! Kibbee appeared with Lucille Ball in Don’t Tell The Wife (1937) and Joy of Living (1938).

George hears Damon and Liz laughing and comes downstairs to confront them but Damon sends him back upstairs. Liz wonders if George is jealous just as George is heard laughing upstairs with Nurse McCarthy. Liz goes upstairs to confront her husband! George says he’s had a relapse!

GEORGE: “I accidentally plugged my electric heating pad into the radio and H.V. Kaltenborn got into bed with me!”

Hans von Kaltenborn (1878-1965) was a radio commentator who was heard regularly on the radio for over 30 years, beginning in 1928. He was known for his highly precise diction, his ability to ad-lib, and his knowledge of world affairs. In 1948, Kaltenborn played himself in The Babe Ruth Story which co-starred William Frawley (Fred Mertz).

George, still suspicious of Liz and Damon, goes downstairs to discover that Liz has dismissed the painter so George wouldn’t be sick and Miss McCarthy would go.

After a message from the announcer about participation in community projects (a post-war endeavor), George and Liz engage in some bedtime repartee before they kiss and say goodnight. End of episode!

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