#technically Mathematics links to Theory - Mathematical
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The current (2024-7-23) first-link chain on Wikipedia containing mathematics goes
Mathematics -> Theory -> Reason -> Logic -> Logical reasoning -> Logical consequence -> Concept -> Abstraction -> Rule of inference -> Philosophy of logic -> Philosophy -> Existence -> Reality -> Universe -> Space -> Three-dimensional space -> Geometry -> Mathematics
and I think that's delightful.
#math#technically Mathematics links to Theory - Mathematical#and in that section the first link goes to Set Theory#which with the same rules lands you in a two-page loop Mathematical logic < - > Logic - Formal logic#also this is taking the rule of first link in the article body#so no etymological parentheticals#otherwise you'd veer off into Ancient Greek#(which incidentally still leads to Reason)
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Want to learn something new
Want to learn something new in 2022??
Absolute beginner adult ballet series (fabulous beginning teacher)
40 piano lessons for beginners (some of the best explanations for piano Iâve ever seen)
Excellent basic crochet video series
Basic knitting (probably the best how to knit video out there)
Pre-Free Figure Skate Levels A-D guides and practice activities (each video builds up with exercises to the actual moves!)
How to draw character faces video (very funny, surprisingly instructive?)
Another drawing character faces video
Literally my favorite art pose hack
Tutorial of how to make a whole ass Stardew Valley esque farming game in Gamemaker Studios 2??
Introduction to flying small aircrafts
French/Dutch/Fishtail braiding
Playing the guitar for beginners (well paced and excellent instructor)
Playing the violin for beginners (really good practical tips mixed in)
Color theory in digital art (not of the childrenâs hospital variety)
Retake classes you hated but now thereâs zero stakes:
Calculus 1 (full semester class)
Learn basic statistics (free textbook)
Introduction to college physics (free textbook)
Introduction to accounting (free textbook)
Learn a language:
Ancient Greek
Latin
Spanish
German
Japanese (grammar guide) (for dummies)
French
Russian (pretty good cyrillic guide!)
Jan 2, 2023
Want to learn something new in 2023??
Cooking with flavor bootcamp (used what I learned in this a LOT this year)
Beekeeping 101
Learn Interior Design from the British Academy of Interior Design (free to audit course - just choose the free option when you register)
Video on learning to read music that actually helped me??
How to use and sew with a sewing machine
How to ride a bike (listen. some of us never learned, and that's okay.)
How to cornrow-braid hair (I have it on good authority that this video is a godsend for doing your baby niece's black hair)
Making mead at home (I actually did this last summer and it was SO good)
How to garden
Basics of snowboarding (proceed with caution)
How to draw for people who (think they) suck at art (I know this website looks like a 2003 monstrosity, but the tutorials are excellent)
Pixel art for beginners so you can make the next great indie game
Go (back) to school
Introduction to Astronomy (high school course - free textbook w/ practice problems)
Principals of Economics (high school course - free textbook w/ practice problems)
Introduction to philosophy (free college course)
Computer science basics (full-semester Harvard course free online)
Learn a language
Japanese for Dummies (link fix from 2022)
Ukrainian
Portuguese (Brazil)
American Sign Language (as somebody who works with Deaf people professionally, I also strongly advise you to read up on Deaf/HoH culture and history!)
Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified)
Quenya (LOTR fantasy elf language)
Dec 26, 2023
Want to learn something new in 2024??
Beginner-oriented video on how to sail
This guy has so many videos on baking different types of bread. SO very many.
Coding in Python - one of the most flexible and adaptable high-level programming languages out there - explained through projects making video games
Learn to swim! (for adult learners. I donât care if you live in Kansas or Mali or wherever. LEARN TO SWIM.)
Learn how quantum mechanics works. Then read some more about it
[Learn about quantum mechanics again, but in a more advanced engineering/mathematics class. Then read more about the math and physics of it]
Poetry Handbook, by Mary Oliver
Something I learned this year: how to sew a quilt (Hereâs a very easy beginning pattern that looks amazing and can be done with pre-cut fabric!)
How to hit the ball in softball
Tutorial video on what is under the hood of most (gas) cars + weird engine sounds and what they mean
Full beginner mechanics technical training, if you want to go more in depth
Playlist on how car engine physics work if you want to go ultra in depth
Lecture series on architecture design through study of buildings
How (American income) taxes & tax law work (choose âaudit courseâ at checkout for free class)
Pickleball for beginners (so you can finally join your neighbor/friend/distant cousin who is always insisting you join their team)
+ Para-Pickleball for beginners (for mobility aid users!)
School is so much more fun when thereâs no tests:
American Law - Contracts
Shakespeareâs Life and Plays
Fairy Tales: Meanings, Messages, and Morals
Modern Poetry
World History [Part 1, Part 2]
Learn a language:
Arabic + Resource Guide compiled from Reddit (includes info on different dialects)
Chinese (Cantonese) (audio)
Urdu (frequently recommended course on Reddit) + Resource Guide
Yucatec Maya
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My Favorite Mathematical Proofs [1 of n]
This is the first in another irregular series of posts I'm hoping to start. In these posts I'll talk about proofs that I find particularly clever or surprising or elegant or funny. To start the series off I'm going to talk about one of my favorite ever short proofs, by Don Zagier, of an old number theory result originally due to Fermat.
This is sometimes known as Fermat's Christmas Theorem, because Fermat wrote about it in a letter to Marin Mersenne on December 25th 1640 (as usual for Fermat, I don't believe he actually gave a proof). The theorem has since been proved by a lot of famous mathematicians including Euler, Lagrange and Dedekind. Zagier gave his proof [inspired by Lagrange's] as a "one sentence proof" (which it is ... technically?) in The American Mathematical Monthly in 1990. You can read it here, if you like. It won't take long!
What I like about this proof is how little number theory it seems to involve. The key is a (fairly intuitive) lemma about involutions on finite sets, which Zagier uses without proof. Recall that an involution is a bijection which is equal to its own inverse: applying the bijection twice to any element brings you back to your original element. The intermediate step might send your element to something new, or it might not: in the latter case we call the element a fixed point of the involution. The lemma tells us that if we know that any given involution on a finite set has exactly one fixed point, then every involution on the set must have at least one fixed point.
Zagier considers the set of positive-integer solutions to the equation x^2 + 4yz = p and defines two involutions on it. One of these involutions (interchanging y and z) looks very natural, and it is clear that any fixed point of this involution will give a way of wrting p as a sum of two squares. The other involution is much more complicated in appearance -- it isn't even clear that it's an involution at all at first -- but it can be shown after some calculation to have exactly one fixed point. By the lemma, then, the first involution must also have a fixed point, which proves Fermat's theorem.
I think I like this proof because it has something of the air of a magic trick to it. It's not at all clear where the second, more complicated involution comes from. We barely seem to use the fact that p is a prime of the form 4k+1 at all. And the proof is totally non-constructive: it doesn't give you even a hint of how to go about actually finding pairs of squares that sum to p.
Maybe to some people this would all be an argument against the merits of this proof, but ... well, I dunno. I just really like it.
If you're interested in the full gory details (and the "one sentence" version linked to is a bit too terse for you), I've writen out a much longer version below the cut which does all the required calculations and checks all the details in full.
[These are given as screenshots of LaTeX output, so I'm afraid they're unreadable on a screenreader. Please let me know if you'd like the raw LaTeX.]
Now finally we have:
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Modern Data Scientist: Technical and Soft Skills You Need to be successful
What skills are required to be a Data Scientist? OR Is strong mathematics background required to pursue a career as a data scientist? We at Rang Technologies see a lot of questions like this. It's hard when you're trying to break into the field to know exactly how much math & stats you need. Primarily, it depends on how a company is defining "data scientist." Some companies say "data scientist" but really mean "data engineer", which is much more focused on the software engineering side of things and strong with coding production systems, data storage and extraction, cluster management etc. The latter is less Math/Stats and more CS focused. Secondly it depends on how a company is dividing responsibilities. Some look for people who are either strong in programming or strong in mathematics/statistics, and then combine them in a team. Others look for "fully fledged" data scientists who have the deep insight in different models and when to apply which algorithms and can do all the implementation of the data. How the role you're looking at fits into these descriptions will affect how much math/stats you need to demonstrate. Given the variance, the trick is to carefully dissect the job posting and dig into the background of the current team. LinkedIn is a great place to do this. You can generally figure out the different roles (job titles) as well as see the skills/background people in these roles have. That said, there are a few mainstays that, irrespective of role, you should be demonstrating on your resume. Either through your academic courses/coursework, online courses you've taken, or project work you've completed (including write-ups that demonstrate your understanding). Specifically:Â
Linear algebra (and ideally basic multivariate calculus)
Regression ... linear regression and the things that violate the assumptions of linear models (e.g., autocorrelation in time series data, non-independent observations)
Probability theory ... especially Bayes' Law and Central Limit Theorem
Numerical analysis (e.g., time series analysis and forecasting)
Core machine learning methods (clustering, decision trees, k-NN)
How to take action now?
Compare this list of mainstays versus your resume. Which do you cover off? Which are you missing? Of those, which have you used or are proficient with? Time to make space to mention them - and if it is via project work, think about linking to a more detailed write-up (for example on GitHub) so you can highlight a deeper level of understanding. This is especially important for non-Math/Stats candidates, as the burden of proof is higher! If you've covered more than the above, great! Make sure the most relevant courses shine through and get you noticed. Technical Skills: Analytics Education - Data scientists are highly educated - 88% have at least a Master's degree and 46% have PhDs - and while there are notable exceptions, a very strong educational background is usually required to develop the depth of knowledge necessary to be a data scientist. Their most common fields of study are Mathematics and Statistics (32%), followed by Computer Science (19%) and Engineering (16%). SAS and/or R - In-depth knowledge of at least one of these analytical tools, for data science R is generally preferred. Skills Required are as below: Technical Skills: Computer Science Python Coding: Python is the most common coding language I typically see required in data science roles, along with Java, Perl, or C/C++. Hadoop Platform: Although this isn't always a requirement, it is heavily preferred in many cases. Having experience with Hive or Pig is also a strong selling point. Familiarity with cloud tools such as Amazon S3 can also be beneficial. SQL Database/Coding: Even though NoSQL and Hadoop have become a large component of data science, it is still expected that a candidate will be able to write and execute complex queries in SQL. Unstructured data: It is critical that a data scientist be able to work with unstructured data, whether it is from social media, video feeds or audio. About Rang Technologies: Headquartered in New Jersey, Rang Technologies has dedicated over a decade delivering innovative solutions and best talent to help businesses get the most out of the latest technologies in their digital transformation journey. Read More...
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Human or not? Sam Altman's Worldcoin is betting the next big thing in AI is proving you are indeed human
See on Scoop.it - Design, Science and Technology
Fake virtual identities are nothing new. The ability to so easily create them has been both a boon for social media platforms â more âusersâ â and a scourge, tied as they are to the spread of conspiracy theories, distorted discourse and other societal ills. Still, Twitter bots are nothing compared with what the world is about to experience, as any time spent with ChatGPT illustrates. Flash forward a few years and it will be impossible to know if someone is communicating with another mortal or a neural network. Sam Altman knows this. Altman is the co-founder and the CEO of ChatGPT parent OpenAI and has long had more visibility than most into whatâs around the corner. Itâs why more than three years ago, he conceived of a new company that could serve first and foremost as proof-of-personhood. Called Worldcoin, its three-part mission â to create a global ID, a global currency and an app that enables payment, purchases and transfers using its own token, along with other digital assets and traditional currencies â is as ambitious as it is technically complicated, but the opportunity is also vast. In broad strokes, hereâs how the outfit, still in beta and based in San Francisco and Berlin, works: To use the service, users must download its app, then have their iris scanned using a silver, melon-sized orb that houses a custom optical system. Once the scan is complete, the individual is added to a database of verified humans, and Worldcoin creates a unique cryptographic âhashâ or equation thatâs tied to that real person. The scan isnât saved, but the hash can be used in the future to prove the personâs identity anonymously through the app, which includes a private key that links to a shareable public key. Because the system is designed to verify that a person is actually a unique individual, if the person wants to accept a payment or fund a specific project, the app generates a âzero-knowledge proofâ â or mathematical equation â that allows the individual to provide only the necessary amount of information to a third party. Some day, the technology might even help people to vote on how AI should be governed. (A piece in the outlet IEEE Spectrum better spells out the specifics of Worldcoinâs tech.) Investors eager to be in business with Altman jumped at the chance to fund the outfit almost as soon as it was imagined, with Andreessen Horowitz, Variant, Khosla Ventures, Coinbase and Tiger Global providing it with $125.5 million. But the public has been more wary. When in June 2021, Bloomberg reported that Altman was at work on Worldcoin, many questioned its promise to give one share of its new digital currency to everyone who agreed to an iris scan. Worldcoin said it needed to be decentralized from the outset so it could deliver future currency drops as part of universal basic income programs. (Altman has long predicted that AI will generate enough wealth to pay every adult some amount of money each year.) From Worldcoinâs perspective, the crypto piece was necessary. Yet some quickly deemed it another crypto scam, while others questioned whether a nascent startup collecting biometric data could truly secure its participantsâ privacy. Altman later said the press owed to a âleakâ and that Worldcoin wasnât ready to tell its story in 2021. Now, reorganized under a new parent organization called Tools for Humanity that calls itself both a research lab and product company, the outfit is sharing more details. Whether theyâll be enough to win over users is an open question, but certainly, more people now understand why proving personhood online is about to become essential.
Read the full article at: techcrunch.com
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Ok before I start, let me say the following:
The explanation above was prompted by "what is the fancy abstract algebra term". Therefore, it was highly technical and full of jargon, because that was kind of the point there. This explanation would have been hard to understand for anyone who didn't do college/university level algebra before.
I don't know much about dyscalculia. I've heard of it, but I don't know the details. From what I understand, it makes it particularly hard to do calculations, which is a bit rough since arithmetic is kind of a key part of this subject. I'll try my best to give more conceptual and visual explanations and tone down on the formulas. But forgive me if my explanation is still hard to understand.
Now, to your question on group theory and fields: Mathematicians make, ehm, interesting choices when naming things. "Group theory" is rather harmless, since it's indeed about groups of things, in some sense. It doesn't really give you an idea what the subject is about, though. A more descriptive name would be "symmetry theory". There is a precise definition of a group, which essentially comes from trying to formalize what a symmetry of a thing is. For this small overview, it'll be enough to just visually think of symmetries, though.
The term "field" is much worse, since this has nothing to do with the nice green fields you might be thinking of. In mathematics, a field is basically a collection of things that you can do basic arithmetic (so addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) with. So an example of a field would be the rational numbers, i.e. the collection of all fractions.
Now with fractions, you can do a lot of stuff. But you can't do everything. In particular, there are some equations that you just can't solve with only fractions. But mathematicians are stubborn, so in order to deal with that, they just invented new numbers that help them solve the equations they couldn't solve before. It however turns out that there is often not only one way to invent those new numbers. To explain it visually, you could instead of inventing one new number, invent its "mirror image", and nothing would really change in the end. In other situations, you might need to invent multiple new numbers, and things might still be the same if you "rotate those new numbers around". These "reflections" and "rotations" are symmetries of some sort. So in the mathematical jargon, this is the link between fields and group theory I was talking about.
Ok, so this is super vague. To make it at least a tiny bit less abstract, I'll now give two examples. This means also giving the equations, but I'll keep calculations to a minimum.
As I said, the starting point is basically an equation you want to solve, but can't. Consider the equation
xÂČ = -1.
We won't be doing much with this. All you need to notice is that on the right side, there is a negative number, whereas on the left side, we are squaring something, i.e. we are multiplying something with itself. Now a positive number multiplied by itself is positive again, so this wouldn't work. However, a negative number times a negative number is also going to be positive. So never when multiplying something by itself will you get something negative. This equation can't be solved with the numbers we know.
In order to deal with this, mathematicians just invent a new number and just define it to be a solution to the equation, cause fuck it why not. In this case, the new number would be called i. This number is new, so it's not anywhere on the usual number line, since that's already occupied. Instead, it's usually drawn above the number line.
However, this new i is not the only solution to the equation. With basically the same reasoning as we just did, it doesn't really matter whether we multiply i by itself or whether we multiply -i by itself, the two minuses compensate for each other. So -i is another solution. It lies where you would end up if you were to reflect the point i along the line, basically in the same way as 1 and -1 or 2 and -2 are reflections of each other.
Now, in this case, it doesn't really matter which one of the two you invent. So could swap them around and nothing would really change. Swapping them is a reflection along the line, a symmetry.
A more complex example would be the equation
xâ” = 1.
I won't go into detail here since the post is already very long and justifying the following would involve a lot more calculations. The only thing I will mention is that here we have a 5 in the equation, whereas before we had a 2. Also, before we had two solutions (i and -i), so now it'd make sense to invent new numbers to have five solutions. Visually, these five solutions would look like this:
The arrows here again denote a symmetry for this equation, which here is again reflection along the line. For this equation however, there is actually more than one way to swap the solutions around without changing the underlying structure. The other symmetries are:
(also mathematicians usually count "changing nothing" as a symmetry too. we'll just ignore that here ^^)
Alright! I hope that was somewhat understandable, or at least interesting to read. ^-^
Why is â-1= i
â-1 don't know.
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                    the classes that she is taking .
đđđđđđđđ  ââ re : josephine aydin, second year, creative writing + graphic design major, math minor .
most would expect that a dual major ( and subsequent minor ) in completely differing fields of study would fill her week with more course time than anything, but the reality is that neither major field of study require a significant number of compulsory courses, which means much of the time she dedicates to them goes into homework, projects, etc. josephine is known to throw herself into her courses, because she finds much of it very interesting and itâs things she likes to do rather than needs to do, but is still carefully chosen to best suit her not - so - morning person tendencies.
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course description.   explore various modes of storytelling in a contemporary context, with a view to developing narrative skills. engage with contemporary fiction, poetry, non - fiction, film, and theatre and will aim to investigate and understand the multiple ways readers and writers engage with storytelling and narrative. students are required to engage with and analyze their own writing and the writing of others, with the aim of helping students to hone their ability to edit and create.
schedule.   this course lectures once a week for an hour and requires a two hour seminar each week for eleven weeks. josephine attends this course every tuesday. her lecture runs from 10:10 am to 11:10 am, and her seminar is lucky enough to fall on the same day from 1:40 pm to 3:40 pm. Â
assessments.   the end of term assessment for this course is primarily a summative one, which includes a portfolio of creative writing ( 2,000 words or equivalent in poetry or script ), a self - reflective critical commentary ( 500 words ), and a review of a literary event ( 500 words ). there is also a formative assessment based on lecture discussions and tutor feedback based on on - going coursework.
standing.   she currently ranks second in this class with a 98.83%, just behind isak nilsson ( small talk tells her itâs a small margin of difference, however ), not that sheâs too concerned about that fact. out of all her courses, she considers it her third favorite class, mainly because she loves exploring the way storytelling presents itself in a variety of media forms ( with a preference for fiction, poetry, and film ), and itâs taught by her favorite creative writing and literature professor, and published author,  dr. ophelia parker.
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course  description.   look at how a range of contemporary literature is constructed around issues of gender and sexuality. using prose, poetry and drama written by men and women from britain and north america, it explores what it means to write about masculinity, femininity and desire and, indeed, how these concepts affect form and determine meaning. the course provides a theoretical underpinning that will enable students to construct links between contemporary texts and relevant theories.
schedule.   this  course  lectures  once  a  week  for  an  hour  and  requires  a  one hour  seminar  each  week  for  eleven  weeks.  josephine  attends  this  course  every  thursday.  her  lecture  runs  from  12:30 pm  to 1:30 pm,  and  her  seminar  is also on  the  same  day, from  1:40  pm  to 2:40  pm. Â
assessments.   the  end  of  term  assessment  for  this  course  is  a  summative  one,  which  includes  an essay ( 1,500 words, due by the end of week eight ) and a two hour examination. additional formative assessments may occur in the form of seminar discussions and tutor feedback.
standing.   she  currently  ranks  first  in  this  class  with  a  97.68%, a feat given how complex her fellow classmates consider the content and execution of information.  out  of  all  her  courses,  she  considers  it  her  favorite  class, and the one she is most excited to attend each week, because  she  loves dissecting the representation of gender in writing, understanding how individuals of differing genders and sexualities perceive others, and how it affects the overall story being told. it is also taught by  dr.  ophelia  parker, which one may argue is the only professor she consistently seeks to take.
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course  description.   students will be introduced to how organizations use graphic design to benefit and enhance their image and products. students will continue to learn more about the principles and practices of graphic design in the context of business in addition to learning industry standard graphics software by applying their skills and knowledge to create original content. content will be in a variety of styles and formats to best represent a studentâs range and understanding of the principles as they have been learned.
schedule.   this  course  lectures  twice a  week  for  an  hour each  week  for  eleven  weeks.  josephine  attends  this  course  every tuesday  &  thursday.  her  lecture  runs  from  9:00 am  to  10:00 am. Â
assessments.   the  end  of  term  assessment  for  this  course  is  a  summative  one,  which  includes  a personal portfolio of graphic design ( at least three major pieces reflecting some part personal aspect of the studentâs life  ), two reflection papers ( 500 words each, one mid - semester and one at the end ), and a final project that uniquely uses at least five basic principles of design.  additional  formative  assessments  may  occur  in  the  form  of tutor  feedback.
standing.   this course does not use traditional grades for ranking methods, opting for letter grades based on submission completion and understanding of the assignment. she currently holds an a+ in the course. her design courses are not necessarily her favorite, because of how monotonous they can seem at times, but she highly enjoys the creative liberties that her professor allows them to take with each assignment. the designing process is her favorite part. it  is  taught  by  the head of the graphic design department, dr.  blake adams.
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 đđđđđđ  .
course  description.   students will be introduced to the core skills and essential knowledge associated with the discipline of graphic design, as well as a range of conceptual and practical approaches to image - making in relation to the discipline of graphic design. through technical workshops and software inductions, students will explore the analogue and digital construction of graphic design, informed by historical and contemporary research, as well as find  a  great  deal  of  support  in  experimenting  with  both  analogue  and  digital  methods  of  production.
schedule.   this  course  lectures  once a  week  for two hours each  week  for  eleven  weeks.  josephine  attends  this  course  every  thursday.  her  lecture  runs  from  5:00 pm  to  7:00 pm, though generally speaking, her professor only asks that they work for the first hour as the second is often reserved for editing, questions, etc. Â
assessments.   the  end  of  term  assessment  for  this  course  is  a  summative  one,  which  includes  a portfolio  ( five analog & five digital pieces  ) and  a  two hour examination.  additional  formative  assessments  may  occur  in  the  form  of  tutor  feedback.
standing.   this  course also does  not  use  traditional numerical grades  for  ranking  methods,  opting  for  letter  grades  based  on  submission  completion  and  understanding  of  the  assignment.  she  currently  holds  an  a+  in  the  course.  her  design  courses  are  not  necessarily  her  favorite,  because  of  how  monotonous  they  can  seem  at  times,  but again, she  does enjoy the content, and quite likes this course in particular with the option to work with analogue and digital means, as she find drawing quite relaxing.  it  is  taught  by known artist and professor,  julien troy.
đđđđđđđ Â ââ Â đđđđđđđđđđđ Â & Â đđđđđđđđđđ Â .
course  description.   an introduction to probability theory and statistical methods.  the course leads to a deeper understanding of probability distributions, random variables and their role in sampling.  tools such as hypothesis tests are presented and a basic introduction to the statistical software r is provided.  this course acts as a foundation for mathematical statistics, general linear models, and stochastic processes.  more generally, it underpins other course where an element of uncertainty / chance / randomness exists or where knowledge of the software package r is required.
schedule.   this  course  lectures  three times a  week  for  one hour each  week  for  eleven  weeks, meets once every two weeks ( for eight weeks ) for a one hour hands - on lab, and once every two weeks for a one hour seminar ( for ten weeks ).  josephine  attends  this  course  every  monday, wednesday, and  friday.  her  lecture  runs  from  10:30 am to 11:30 am, her lab meets every other wednesday and her seminar is held every other monday. Â
assessments.   the assessment  for  this  course  is  a  summative  one, with one in - term test ( worth 25% of course grade ) and one two hour examination ( worth 75% of course grade ) taken at the end of the term.  additional  formative  assessments  may  occur  in  the  form  of individual written feedback ( or auto - feedback from online tests and quizzes ) via a number of marked formative coursework assignments, as well as verbal group feedback during lectures and by a seminar tutor at fortnightly seminars.
standing.   itâs no surprise that she ranks first in this course, given her math history and proficiency, with a current grade of 99.21%. what may be a surprise, however, is that she considers this to be her second favorite course, over most of her major - specific coursework, as she has always loved numbers and enjoys putting in the time to understand and solve complex equations. math brings her a certain sense of happiness and considering itâs the only class she takes on mwf, it helps break up the long hours of writing and design, even if itâs the most thought intensive course she has to take. but  dr. michiel ivy was both kind and made the class entertaining, and was among one of the more helpful professors sheâs ever taken.
#opalsadvent#if this is Long well Yes : )#does it make sense well Probably Not : )#thank u ual for the design classes and surrey for the Others#imagine understanding a single word of that math class description#anyway i refuse to proofread this just know i've based her entire schedule around the probability class
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TAFAKKUR: Part 358
CAUSALITY AND THE QUR'ANIC WORLD-VIEW: Part 1
The universe has been made in the form of a book, intelligible, so as to make known its Author. The book addresses man. The aim is to make him read the book and its parts, and respond with worship and thanks to the will of the Author. Man attains to that worship by uncovering, through scientific study, the order in the book of the universe, and displaying the functioning of beings and the workings of the universe.
The universe is not passive. It is not neutral. We cannot interpret it as we wish. There is only one correct way of looking at the world, one universal world-view which is common to all humanity. This view is taught to us in the Qur'an as well as in the book of the universe by our Creator.
This does not mean that the Qur'anic world-view does not recognize that the perception of the world differs from one person to another. It allows for plurality within unity so that a universal dialogue is possible. In this world-view there is no fragmentation and no conflict. There is only harmony, assistance, peace and compassion.
The materialist scientific world-view is based on radical fragmentation. Materialist science takes nature to mean a mechanism with no inherent value and meaning. It isolates an object by cutting off its connections with the rest of the world and studies it within its immediate environment.
Whereas our perception of ourselves tells us that we are meaningful and part of the whole universe, and everything must have a meaning and must be part of the whole universe, materialist science has left the subject. i.e. man, out of the universe, and insofar as this science is taking over, people feel that they have no place in this world. They are isolated from other people. Their lives have no meaning, except in a very limited, egoistic sense. Man is alienated from his environment and from himself.
In the light of modern physics, the mechanistic view is an incoherent description of nature. The developments of modem physics call for a radical revision in our concept of reality. They shattered all the principal concepts of classical physics.
Many concepts, like the causal nature of physical phenomena and the ideal of an objective description of nature, changed with the advent of the new theories of modern science, quantum, relativity and, more recently, chaos theory.
However, these changes have not been matched by parallel changes in the world-view of science. The modifications took place only on a mathematical level. Because all that counts for scientists is the development of mathematical formulations of the behaviour of physical phenomena. Such a goal is not regarded merely for its technical utility; rather most scientists believe that prediction of this kind is all that knowledge is about.
They claim that our concept of reality is of little or no importance. However, it is clear that our concept of reality has a tremendous effect on how we behave in relation to nature and to other people, and also on the meaning life has for us as individuals. We cannot dispense with a world-view.
This attitude of the scientists is in contradiction with modern science. Classically it was thought that science could describe and explain everything in the world 'objectively' i.e. as it actually is in reality and that the 'observer' i.e. the scientist himself, could describe the world by means of mathematical models which were independent of his judgement. The discoveries of modern physics, however, point towards the unity of all things, an unbroken wholeness which denies the classical fragmentation of the world into separate and independent parts. In the quantum theory, every particle is linked to the rest of the universe and cannot be isolated from it. This oneness of the universe includes human beings as well. The quantum theory, together with abolishing the notion of fundamentally separate objects, has introduced the concept of 'participator' to replace that of the neutral observer. Modern science therefore restores man to his central position. It puts an end to the notion of neutral, objective description of nature and thus to impartial objective science.
Up to the present, materialist science has been based on a deterministic, causal view of the world. Although the latest theories like the quantum and chaos theories are leading to a world-view where there is no room for fragmentation and determinism, materialist scientists still insist on following the fragmented and causal approach. They have to be reductionist because they believe in causality. At the same time they do realize that their materialist world-view is collapsing. Theoretically they understand that, in order to explain one thing, they need to know its connections to all other things. This is obviously impossible because these connections extend in time and in space beyond human capacities; they are infinite and cannot be embraced by human beings who are also parts of those connections.
The materialist scientists understand that the unity of the universe points to an Absolute Creator. For the things we study do not bear meanings limited to themselves but testify to the Absoluteness of their Creator. But in order to be able to claim that their scientific studies produce knowledge, the scientists insist on denying the Absolute Creator. And because their scientific method is based on causality which cannot accommodate the unity of the universe, they ignore that unity and compartmentalize the universe so that they can study each compartment as the product of a limited number of causes. In this way, they can pretend the universe has no Creator and its meaning is limited to what they tell us about it. They thus claim their science to be the source of knowledge.
#allah#god#prophet#Muhammad#quran#ayah#sunnah#hadith#islam#muslim#muslimah#revert#convert#help#hijab#dua#salah#pray#prayer#reminder#religion#welcome to islam#how to convert to islam#new convert#new muslim#new revert#revert help#convert help#islam help#muslim help
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I have been listening to True Spies podcast on Spotify. Itâs apparently connected to a thing called Spyscape, which has a museum/experience thing in New York. They also have an online test for your personality and intelligence.... well those intelligence tests all of course have to do with math. and they are TIMED. somehow I got thru guessing most of them.... didnât score 0 but didnât score great.Â
so guess what I scored on intelligence! and personality scores mean Iâm more prone to health problems and being unhappy.... :(Â
(here I woke up thinking I can be uniquely me, I donât want to be like anyone else anyway, I can embrace that... but how can I when what I am is this pathetic)
I shouldnât have done this, I know what these tests do, make me discouraged and hate myself more. they even said Iâm not imaginative and creative-- things I value most besides intelligence (and intuition/empathy...)Â
they did say the âspy roleâ I was most suited for, which is what Iâm most interested in, intelligence analyst. But in the more âpracticalâ side, for jobs, it mentioned medical things, technical things, which I wouldnât be good at and donât like, business marketing-- working for a business I donât care about, a job with no meaning.... it even had mathematician! when Iâm obviously not good at math. the only jobs I might be interested in are psychologist/criminologist... idk.... to late for me to get any career anyway, let alone somehow what I really want
they did a risk assessment, where you blow up the balloon before it pops to get âmoneyâ - yesterday I started it and panicked when the balloon popped the first time and closed the window. then when I was walking the dogs it occured to me it was a test lol and I would just have to keep risking popping the balloon... so today I saw it as more of a game and not the âscary balloon popping oh no I lost money!â -not even real money. idk about fun.... all these things were stressful esp the intelligence test.Â
today I started the test, thinking it might help me, get insight into what I can do, instead, it discouraged me, Iâm what I thought, mediocre and not suited for much, they only gave a âroleâ to me because they had to give me something. It said the intelligence analyst is inquisitive--when it just said I wasnât - idk how this even fits with the test bc analytical? that wasnât one of the dimensions and doesnât seem like I scored high on implied analytical powers, same with determined--Â
how can i live with myself being like this, having no role and no future according to any dimension that really counts. donât want to be plodding away at menial tasks when I want to do something Imaginative, Creative, Intellectual-- ha canât even do that
oh Iâm proving them right, easily stressed and sensitive and reactive --Â
Iâm not including the risk assessment bc I donât think itâs accurate-- Iâm really very risk averse in all cases... oh we know that already so.Â
~
results (bold/parentheses is mine)
MENTAL HORSEPOWER
Unlike Alan Turing would, you scored moderately low {yay!:(}Â on this attribute. The result, driven by your performance in the personality tests, suggests that, on the whole, you struggle with complex mathematical and analytical problems. {so how can I be an analyst?} That said, you can usually spot patterns and find links in data â as long as the information you have been given isnât too abstract. (I like big picture things.... abstract things... apparently Iâm not good at it)
IN YOUR DAILY LIFE
Like other people with a moderately low Mental Horsepower score, you are more likely to âgo with your gutâ when making decisions rather than to apply logic and reason (thatâs true.... logic is mystifying. fits with being INFP-- logic is my weakest point). It is unlikely that you will sit down and win a game of chess, and you probably rely on your satnav rather than read a map yourself. (yep.... chess is too much strategy... I canât see ahead like that .. hm how could I be an analyst)
IN YOUR WORK
Because you are not a very conceptual thinker, you are better in roles where you can do things âautomaticallyâ rather than applying any abstract reasoning skills. You are not bad at visual-spatial or mathematical tests though, and with training and practice, your skills will definitely improve.
THE SCIENCE
Mental Horsepower relates to our general cognitive ability and our capacity to think about, reason with, and understand abstract concepts. It particularly links to analytical and mathematical skills, but also covers memory, comprehension, language, learning capacity and judgement. These are hugely significant skills for success at work and in everyday life.
Psychologists have developed all kinds of tests to measure cognitive ability. Some of these involve predicting outcomes from patterns in data (also known as inductive reasoning), while others focus on mentally flipping and rotating images. We use both of these approaches in our Mental Horsepower tests at SPYSCAPE.
Recent neuroimaging research shows that intelligence is linked to brain patterns, and that these patterns are unique to each of us (meaning you canât change them :( )â much like our fingerprints. In one study, these brain âfingerprintsâ were used to successfully predict peopleâs scores in IQ tests.
While IQ tests are probably the most common method for determining cognitive ability, there is some debate over whether they provide a complete picture. For example, theories suggest that there are many different types of intelligence which are not accounted for in these tests. Still, it is generally accepted that people who score highly on tests of cognitive ability are on the whole better at completing intelligence-related (so that careerâs out... if it was ever in lol) tasks in the real world.
~
COMPOSURE
Unlike Jason Bourne, you scored extremely low (low on everything! what a wonderful person!)Â on this attribute. The result, driven by your performance in the personality tests, suggests that you are far more vulnerable to stressors than most people (I knew that). You are likely to have a very strong emotional reaction to negative events and your brain becomes highly active when you see something you perceive as unpleasant (like this test!). Although this means you find it hard to relax, it also means you are really tuned in to your surroundings ( and whatâs the upside of that? nice consolation prize....)
IN YOUR DAILY LIFE
Like other people with extremely low levels of composure, you are highly likely to experience anxiety and burnout. (with things that arenât really stressful to anyone else. just stepping outside. just being inside-- doing thigns like this.. doing most things actually-- help how can i live)Â You can be far too critical of yourself (well how do i stop? if this is how I am like), especially when you are stressed (which is almost all the time), and this can make it tricky for you to overcome problems (which is never, which is why Iâm still living w my parents). You also dwell on the past far more than people with high composure.
On the positive side, you are responsive to your environment, which means you are more likely to anticipate negative outcomes and find ways to avoid them (like almost everything). You are also sensitive and caring, and your observant nature means you look out for yourself and the people close to you. (whatâs the point of that when you canât do anything, or get to know new people)
IN YOUR WORK
It is unlikely your colleagues will turn to you when there is an emergency or crisis at work. This is because you struggle to keep your emotions in check, and challenging situations can get the better of you. When this happens, you are not great at maintaining focus or making tough decisions.
THE SCIENCE
Composure relates to how our brains respond to stress. In tense situations, your brain activates an area called the hypothalamus, which releases adrenalin and cortisol â also known as stress hormones.
A bit of stress now and then is important for survival, because it alerts us to the dangers around us. Small amounts can be useful, but too much over a long period of time is bad for our health (oh goody). Studies show that the adrenal cortex, the part of the brain that releases stress hormones, is also linked to the healthy function of our immune system â and people who are more prone to stress are also more likely to get sick.
There is also a connection between composure and working (short-term) memory. Composed people perform better on tasks where they need to recall and use relevant information while theyâre doing something else â for example remembering the steps of a recipe when cooking a meal.
PEOPLE SCORING HIGH IN COMPOSURE ARE
LAID-BACK
RELAXED
COOL
FOCUSED
POISED
PEOPLE SCORING LOW IN COMPOSURE ARE
EMOTIONAL
SENSITIVE
PERCEPTIVE
RESPONSIVE
VIGILANT
~
Contentiousness
Unlike diligent Mission: Impossible hero Isla Faust, you scored moderately low on this attribute. The result, driven by your performance in the personality tests, suggests that unlike Isla, you find it difficult to keep focused on long-term goals {Idk about this. goals are all i focus on.... well. I think about them often but Idk how to create the steps to get there and so things fizzle out and I get-- discouraged what else is new). You get distracted or bored quite quickly and are often drawn to new ideas and projects instead of finishing what you are currently doing (well.... hm. I finish novels...). You understand what is important in life, but you sometimes skip the details. (Iâm not a detail person... I can be but they often seem irrelevant)
IN YOUR DAILY LIFE
Because you prefer not to a follow a schedule, hobbies that require regular training are not for you. In fact, your interests change quite regularly, and you find long-term commitment a challenge whatever the activity. Friends and family know that if they want you to do something, they need to encourage you to get organized. When they press you, however, you do things pretty well.
IN YOUR WORK
You take a relatively flexible approach to work. As such, you get distracted easily and do not always complete the task in hand. Because of your tendency to do this, you are likely to change jobs â and perhaps even career â fairly regularly (I want variety... Idk, this sort of fits, sort of doesnât).
THE SCIENCE
Conscientiousness shapes how likely you are to follow rules, regulate your own behavior and get yourself organized. The more conscientious you are, the more motivated by goals and tasks you are likely to be.
According to what psychologists call the âBig-5â model, conscientiousness is a core dimension of personality â and one of the five key traits that drive human behavior. Whether you are high or low in conscientiousness can help predict your success in social, academic and professional situations.
If you have high levels of conscientiousness, you are probably more productive and better at adapting to new situations (thatâs true, Iâm not)Â that come your way. However, this does not mean that being conscientious is always a good thing, because research also shows that being too conscientious can lead to overthinking. (I do that too...)
Some studies suggest that people who are more conscientious are healthier â and they might even live longer. This might be because conscientious people are more likely to exercise regularly, eat healthily, and avoid smoking or drinking too much alcohol.
Itâs hard to say where conscientiousness comes from. One study found a link with areas of the brain relating to attention and cognitive control. There is also evidence to suggest that genes play their part. Itâs likely that social factors such as your upbringing influence how conscientious you are, too.
PEOPLE SCORING HIGH IN CONSCIENTIOUSNESS ARE
HIGH-ACHIEVING
ACCOUNTABLE
THOROUGH
DRIVEN
SELF-DISCIPLINED
PEOPLE SCORING LOW IN CONSCIENTIOUSNESS ARE
IMPULSIVE
FLEXIBLE
EASY-GOING
SPONTANEOUS
ADAPTABLE
(I think Iâm sort of this, sort of not because Iâm borderline INFP -- P is flexible, impulsive while J is more structured-- Iâm slightly more Perceiving. goes to show Myers-Briggs is pretty good at describing personality accurately....)
~
INQUISITIVENESS
Unlike Carrie Mathison in Homeland, you scored moderately low on this attribute. Your score was driven by your performance in the personality tests, and it suggests that you are pretty cautious about new ideas, beliefs, cultures and theories.
IN YOUR DAILY LIFE
Like other people who scored moderately low on this attribute, you are not so willing to take on board other peopleâs views (thatâs true). You will consider what people have to say, but you are likely to stick with your own opinion. You feel more comfortable in familiar situations and surroundings (well, yes...), and you do not really feel the need to explore new places (I kind of do, though... I want to but I often... donât. because itâs too hard).
IN YOUR WORK
Because you arenât motivated to learn or acquire new skills (Idk about this... depends on if itâs something Iâm interested in. Iâm learning like 15 languages on Duolingo...), you are less likely to seek out new opportunities at work. And the longer you stay in a job, the worse your motivation is likely to get. In general, you tend to perform better when you start a new position, although you will carry this out using the same approach you always have, rather than approach it in a new way. You like real-world, practical work that has straightforward solutions.
THE SCIENCE
Inquisitiveness is an important trait for discovering new things and building a better understanding of people and of the world around us. Psychologists have developed tools for assessing and measuring how inquisitive a person is.
These are based on extensive research into personality and are designed to evaluate five facets related to inquisitiveness: (i) intellectual curiosity; (ii) aesthetic sensitivity; (iii) active imagination; (iv) attentiveness to inner feelings and; (v) preference for variety.
Furthermore, personality researchers have identified two types of inquisitiveness; âepistemicâ, which refers to information seeking ( I think Iâm more information seeking?) behaviour and âperceptualâ, which refers to experience seeking.
PEOPLE SCORING HIGH IN INQUISITIVENESS ARE
CURIOUS
OPEN-MINDED
IMAGINATIVE AND INVENTIVE
CREATIVE
ADAPTIVE
PEOPLE SCORING LOW IN INQUISITIVENESS ARE
PRACTICAL
CONSISTENT
TRADITIONAL
HABITUAL
PRAGMATIC
~
SOCIABILITY
A bit like Alec Leamas in The Spy Who Came in from the Cold, you scored extremely low (yay. well I knew this... and from answering the questions... )on this attribute, which suggests that you prefer to spend time alone and keep yourself to yourself. You avoid parties, meet-ups and other noisy gatherings because you find them overwhelming (wayyyy). If you really have to socialize, you need plenty of quiet time afterwards to help you rest and recharge.
IN YOUR DAILY LIFE
Like others with an extremely low sociability score, you donât like being the center of attention and often struggle to start conversations. You think a lot before speaking and regularly find it hard to express your thoughts and ideas. Because of this, you often let others do the talking, and you donât take part in small talk either. This behavior means you might come across as socially reactive, and people may think you only talk to them when you feel you really have to (as in, extremely negative, and I shouldnât exist. although... i do talk to them if I have to.... haha I do take part in small talk because I think I have to. or people will think Iâm rude. but I donât like it. Iâm sensitive to how Iâm perceived and donât want to be seen as too antisocial, but I talk to others out of fear not of want... yikes. no wonder no one wants to be around me. well I don't want to be around them. well - I want to be around people I know well. for limited amounts of time... need less to recharge from people I know than strangers. I want to be with them, I donât want to be with strangers-- itâs only stress and not fun at all. but how do i get past the stranger part to the friend part if I donât like being with strangers and itâs all stressful adn overwhelming? How do i participate in society, have people to talk to, have any sort of success??? - shouldn't exist.).
IN YOUR WORK
Because you are more comfortable working independently (please. HOW???? besides working for myself... haha canât work for anyone else bc canât get past the interview, these ^ traits are obvious and not something any employer in their right mind wants), you will be more productive â and much happier â managing your own workload, tackling problems alone, and avoiding company brainstorms and powwows.
THE SCIENCE
How sociable you are can be linked to your levels of happiness, positivity, and wellbeing. In fact, sociability relates to a variety of positive outcomes in life, including how successful you are at work, how well you cope with challenging situations, and even how physically and mentally healthy you are. (yay. Iâm doomed. I might as well kill myself now)
People who are highly sociable are more positive emotionally (case in point!) than those who are less sociable. In one brain imaging study, people with a high sociability score had higher levels of brain activity when they saw images of happy faces and other positive emotions.
The same part of the brain that processes emotions also helps interpret information from social contexts, which means we can judge a social situation and then respond appropriately (social situations, like math problems and logic, are mystifying to me. yay the things that are highest linked to success--).
There is some evidence to suggest that highly sociable people might be better at detecting and decoding the meaning of social cues â Â including how they analyze and read peopleâs faces (oh, I know that. I have a hard time judging peopleâs faces, in fact I often think they are mad at me or judging me by their faces when they probably arenât. I even have trouble finding out what emotions go with what emoji! besides the basics. i mean why, how are there so many emojis....). This means they are likely to find social interaction easier to deal with than others (lol yes. itâs . not easy. why. do i have to be born like this. always been. hell..).
There is also research to suggest that highly sociable people have more connections between regions of the brain that involve visual stimulus and regions that process social and emotional stimuli. (brains are better, we get it)
Sociability might also be associated with the neurotransmitter dopamine, which is linked to reward-seeking behavior. It is thought that people who are highly sociable may have an enhanced response to dopamine in the brain, which makes them pursue rewards such as attention, status, power or pleasure. This would explain why, when they get these things, they feel happier or more satisfied.
PEOPLE SCORING HIGH IN SOCIABILITY ARE
TALKATIVE
FRIENDLY
ENTHUSIASTIC
ENERGETIC
EXCITABLE
PEOPLE SCORING LOW IN SOCIABILITY ARE
QUIET
RESERVED
INTROSPECTIVE
PRIVATE
SHY
^ ALLL negative attributes, I need to just kill myself now, no future.Â
#spies#personality test#spychology#help#job#life#negative#discouraged#again#pretty much everything discourages me#except when i'm distracted#insurmountable life#why#how can i possible live
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income options trading service Kansas Read as much material as possible on trading options and cover all the techniques and options strategies used by the professionals who are successful.
There are a lot of websites that give good in-depth explanation on how options work for free.
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95 then a day later all other things being equal that option will be trading for less than $1. 95 because there is less time for it to be worth something. There are a few important parts to my overall trading plan. 1. Price and plan for entering2. Choosing the correct strategy3. Plan for exiting the trade4. Position SizeAll four of these pieces to the puzzle are very important. The one I will focus on now is choosing the correct strategy. The following are my favorite defined risk option spreads. ïżœ Verticalsïżœ Calendarsïżœ Butterfliesïżœ Iron Condorsïżœ DiagonalsWhen I was looking for ways to make extra money I began trading. The problem I had as a beginner with my trading was I learned all of these strategies and started trading them but I didn't have a plan for exiting and managing the positions. That part is just as important as the actual strategy. For example, one of the strategies I began trading to make extra money is called a bull put spread. The trade is made on a stock you think is going to go up. I would collect $2. 00 on a $5. 00 wide spread. Then I would simply put it on and let it on and let it go with no exit plan. I wanted to find ways to make extra money but I was losing $3. 00 on my losing trades using this strategy with no plan.
who has the best options trading advisory service Kansas Step 4: All Out Options TradingAll out trading is when you are truly ready to make options trading a true source of additional income or income replacement.
No, this is not when you should simply fund an options account and start trading with real money.
what is the best options trading course Kansas As with most subjects, mastering the fundamentals of options trading is the best starting point.
Single contract real options trading training allows you to experience the real emotional stress of trading real money and also allows you to get familiarized with using real money interface while risking only a small, limited amount of money. Such single contract real options trading practice is critical due to the fact that most beginners make their first losses through execution mistakes such as clicking on a wrong link, using a wrong order or placing an advanced order wrongly. Such unnecessary losses can be significant if a lot of money is committed right from the start and its impact on trading confidence cannot be undermined. Trading only single options contracts may be inefficient in terms of commissions for some options brokers but it allows such mistakes to be made with relatively low level of pain on your capital. As such, it is recommended for a beginner options trader at this stage to keep trading only single contract until no more executional mistakes are made moving on to the next step. Step 4: All Out Options TradingAll out trading is when you are truly ready to make options trading a true source of additional income or income replacement. This is when you will commit significant amounts of money in order to produce a meaningful profit trading options. However, coming out of single contract real trading, one should not immediately commit all the money one can muster all at once. Emotional stress increases as capital involved increases. Indeed, an options trader who can handle trading thousands of dollars may not have the emotional strength to handle trading hundreds of thousands and such a surge in emotional stress usually lead to dire consequences. It is again just like learning to swim; you don't jump straight into the deepest end by rather move deeper gradually as your confidence and competence increases.
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You need to find stocks that you can anticipate direction through various technical analysis strategies. Than simply make trades that follow your guidelines and rules. Successful traders that are consistently making money fast no matter what direction the market is going all have one thing in common. They know how to control risk. They know how to cut losses short and let profits run. Most importantly they will succeed in the future trading because they have a strategic trading plan that gives them an edge. For example, If a trader is right 40% of the time but on his winning trades he makes twice as much as what he loses on his losing trades. Will this trader make money?Let's say he's risking $200 per trade. Over the course of 100 trades he will lose 60 of them and win 40. He will make $16,000 on all of his winners and lose $12,000 on his losers for a net positive $4,000. The purpose of this example is to introduce why a plan is so important. If you want to make money fast you first need to control risk. Once you learn strategies on when to enter and exit, which option or stock to buy, and how much to risk per trade, you can simply trade your plan which is bound to succeed over time because it has a mathematical edge!In Conclusion, I hope this information helped you in understanding that options trading done correctly can be extremely profitable. Learn How To Trade Options And Use Effective Strategies For Profit - You Must Read This FirstOn many occasions novices learn little about trading options and exactly how many options strategies are available to them before jumping into options trading. It is important to be armed with as much knowledge as possible on these two things so that you limit the amount of risk you take and maximize your profits. With a little effort you can learn to take advantage of the flexibility and the full power of options and use it as a trading vehicle. An option can be referred to as your right to purchase or sell assets at a certain date and at a given price. In trading options, the assets are usually traded in stocks and to get started you need to be aware of a few facts. To learn this you need to take a few lessons from trading in stocks first. Try out stock trading for a while and if you constantly earn returns you can then move to trading in options. Make sure you know all the aspects involved in trading of stocks because if you lose money in stock trading, you will lose everything when dealing with options. Look up all the options trading terminology and study them carefully because if you are to be successful you should be fluent in these terminologies. Read as much material as possible on trading options and cover all the techniques and options strategies used by the professionals who are successful. This will give you a general understanding of what you need to do and all the things to consider when trading in options. In this case knowledge is power therefore you should be armed with as much knowledge as possible. Also look for video tutorials from people who actually trade in options and see how it's done.
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In any trade you need to have defined risk.
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Arya Stark and Black Swan
(I don't know who the picture belongs to, I found it a long time ago.)
Hello/Selam,
In fact, as you know, Arya is one of the biggest five of GRRM. She has a key role in the books. The problem is that it's hard to predict exactly what this role is. I've been trying to piece together her puzzle pieces for years. The result I have achieved so far; Arya is on the side of the ice in the Battle of Ice and Fire alongside FM / Great Other ... Most people see this story as a classic good-bad battle, but I don't. The reason I think so is GRRM's statements.
Men are still capable of great heroism. But I donât necessarily think there are heroes. Thatâs something thatâs very much in my books: I believe in great characters. Weâre all capable of doing great things, and of doing bad things. We have the angels and the demons inside of us, and our lives are a succession of choicesâŠ[Woodrow Wilson] was a racist who tried to end war. Now, does one cancel out the other? Well, they donât cancel out the other. You canât make him a hero or a villain. He was both. And weâre all both. - GRRM
...
Much as I admire Tolkien, and I do admire Tolkien â heâs been a huge influence on me, and his Lord of the Rings is the mountain that leans over every other fantasy written since and shaped all of modern fantasy â there are things about it, the whole concept of the Dark Lord, and good guys battling bad guys, Good versus Evil, while brilliantly handled in Tolkien, in the hands of many Tolkien successors, it has become kind of a cartoon. We donât need any more Dark Lords, we donât need any more, âHere are the good guys, theyâre in white, there are the bad guys, theyâre in black. And also, theyâre really ugly, the bad guys.â - GRRM
So I don't see the side of ice and fire pure good and pure bad. They're both. Just like the Stark and Lannister war. So I don't see any problem putting Arya on the ice. After all, she's a Stark, and the Stark family is portrayed as "ice."
Lets continue.
The post was created using multiple topics(I combined them.): u/DutchArya 's https://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php?/topic/146440-arya-the-singing-bird-stark/ post and u/Arya1100's https://www.reddit.com/r/asoiaf/comments/7vw332/spoilers_extended_black_swans_and_arya_stark_an/ post.
It's an old theory(of theirs), but it's been a year or so. I wanted to resurrect. I just added a few things. And I commented in my own words.
Black Swan Theory
The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight**.** The term is based on an ancient saying that presumed black swans did not exist â a saying that became reinterpreted to teach a different lesson after black swans were discovered in the wild.
The theory was developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb to explain:
The disproportionate role of high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare events that are beyond the realm of normal expectations in history, science, finance, and technology.
The non-computability of the probability of the consequential rare events using scientific methods (owing to the very nature of small probabilities).
The psychological biases that blind people, both individually and collectively, to uncertainty and to a rare event's massive role in historical affairs.
Unlike the earlier and broader "black swan problem" in philosophy (i.e. the problem of induction), Taleb's "black swan theory" refers only to unexpected events of large magnitude and consequence and their dominant role in history. Such events, considered extreme outliers**, collectively play vastly larger roles than regular occurrences:**xxi More technically, in the scientific monograph 'Silent Risk', Taleb mathematically defines the black swan problem as "stemming from the use of degenerate metaprobability" - From wikizeroo.org
Black Swan in summary = A term used to refer to an unexpectedly large event, effect, event.
Arya Stark is thought to have a connection with the Black Swan... This is both a âtheory i'm issue I mentioned above and a kind of ugly duckling that turns into a beautiful swan.
Black Swan
Arya felt as though the lake were calling her. She wanted to leap into those placid blue waters, to feel clean again, to swim and splash and bask in the sun. But she dare not take off her clothes where the others could see...
From up here, she could see a small wooded island off to the northeast. Thirty yards from shore, three black swans were gliding over the water, so serene . . . no one had told them that war had come, and they cared nothing for burning towns and butchered men. She stared at them with yearning. Part of her wanted to be a swan the other part wanted to eat one. - (Arya, A Clash of Kings)
The important thing in this quote is that he sees â3 BLACK SWAN as I mentioned above. In fact, the Europeans did not know Black Swan until the 1697s, and I think that this is the basis of the theory that I mentioned first. So, in essence, these animals are a very rare species. Considering that the ASOIAF universe is a kind of a different version of Europe... In other words, the author added a âblack swan" instead of the common white swan.
In the next book (book 3) Arya meets some of the Brotherhood and Lady Ravella Smallwood. She treats Arya well, washes and dresses her.
It was even worse than before; Lady Smallwood insisted that Arya take another bath, and cut and comb her hair besides; the dress she put her in this time was sort of lilac-colored, and decorated with little baby pearls. The only good thing about it was that it was so delicate that no one could expect her to ride in it. So the next morning as they broke their fast, Lady Smallwood gave her breeches, belt, and tunic to wear, and a brown doeskin jerkin dotted with iron studs. "They were my son's things," she said. "He died when he was seven."
"I'm sorry, my lady." Arya suddenly felt bad for her, and ashamed. "I'm sorry I tore the acorn dress too. It was pretty."
"Yes, child. And so are you. Be brave."
This woman from House Swan. Their sigil is so interestingÂ
Battling swans black and white and so is the House of Black and White and that is where Arya is being reborn at every dark moon.
In the books Black and White was often touted as the struggle for darkness and light; therefore, we may interpret the question of swans as the struggle between dark and light parts of Arya or some kind of foreshadowing, which expresses an "enemy" in the future. In another comment 3 black swans; 3 can not be predicted to affect the story, may also express the great effect.
Water Dance
Arya stands on her toes, on one leg. This is indeed reminiscent of ballet. Ballet dancers learn to stand upright, on the tip of their toes, often on one leg. It's explicitly linked to the water dancing. So, "water dancing" = "ballet" and Swan Lake is a ballet that also has narrative similarities to Arya's story.
Ned stopped and looked at her. "Arya, what are you doing?"
"Syrio says a water dancer can stand on one toe for hours." Her hands flailed at the air to steady herself.
Ned had to smile. "Which toe?" he teased.
"Any toe." - (Eddard V, aGoT)
Later on, Arya wishes she could dance on water. This is what the Swan ballet dancers do!
Skinny as they were, her legs were strong and springy and growing longer every day. She was glad of that. A water dancer needs good legs. Blind Beth was no water dancer, but she would not be Beth forever. - The Blind Girl, ADWD
...
She was not far from the Gate as the crows flies, but for girls with feet instead of wings, the way was longer. - Mercy, Winds
Ugly Duck and Beautiful Swan
You all know the story of the ugly duckling. The swan, which started life as an ugly duck, is considered by all to be ugly and excluded. But one day something happens that when the ugly duck grows up, it turns into a beautiful swan and amazes everyone.
Readers think that the swan motif is also one aspect of it, which I'm sure everyone who reads the books carefully noticed it.
Arya considered herself ugly from the very beginning, and Sansa and Jeyne mocked her long face and subjected them to âHorse-facedâ insults. According to Arya, her mother told her; if she wore beautiful dresses like Sansa and combed her hair, she could have been as beautiful as her sister.
But Jon and Ned always said she was beautiful; his father stated that she resembled his sister Lyanna, who is said to be a very beautiful girl. On the other hand, as she grew up during her adventure (such as Lady Smallwood), some began to emphasize that she was âbeautiful.. For example, we have recently seen The Gentle Man said to her face is beautiful.
There is also a reference link to the swan and beauty in the series.
Arianne touched the pin that clasped [Balonâs] cloak, with its quarreling swans. âI have always been fond of swans. No other bird is half so beautiful, this side of the Summer Isles.â
âYour peacocks might dispute that,â said Ser Balon.
âThey might,â said Arianne, âbut peacocks are vain, proud creatures, strutting about in all those gaudy colors. Give me a swan serene in white or beautiful in black.â - The Watcher, ADwD
Thank you for read.
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MAYAN ASTRONOMERS Despite their lack of modern instrumentation, ancient Maya astronomers had a remarkable talent for observing and mapping the motions of the night sky. Their calculations have proved to be incredibly close to precise modern values and were achieved primarily through natural human curiosity and a lot of patience.
The Mayan civilization began to coalesce around 500 BCE. With a writing system and a calendar inherited from their predecessors, the little-understood Olmec civilization, Mayan culture began to spread across Central America. Much of recorded Mayan history was lost after Spanish conquistadors attempted to destroy their religion, but what we do know of their mathematical and technical sophistication arose from a series of codices that survived the subjugation of their culture. Studies of these surviving codices reveal that their complex calendar system was built around a base-20 numbering system (as opposed to our base-10). The famous Dresden codex contains tables predicting future positions of Venus and Mars, as well as a table of eclipses. The rigorous observation did not come without an esoteric flavor, which has persisted in modern-day conspiracy theories surrounding the divisions of the calendar. Mayan astronomy is inextricably linked with astrology. Ancient Mayans tracked the motions of the stars and planets not only for more pragmatic uses such as agriculture, but also to predict the future. Priests would use this early astronomical data to determine the most auspicious times for certain actions. Venus, for example, was associated with war and thus its positions would determine the best time to conduct a raid on a rival tribe. The diligence of Mayan astronomers was an attempt to foresee the machinations of the gods rather than observation for its own sake. Although their observations served a less-than-scientific purpose, the sophistication of Maya astronomers was admirable. However, the determination of the Spanish conquerors to stamp out all traces of Maya mythology quickly halted any potential for true scientific advancement, and Mayan astronomy reached a dead end. -RLO Source: http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/NatSci102/text/extmayaastronomy.htm Image credit: Wolfgang Sauber
#maya#mayan#south america#astronomy#codex#codices#math#calender#dresden codex#central america#the universe#history
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What happened with FB Notifications this weekend, and why do I care�??
By Staff realtalkingpoints blog
January 27, 2020Â
So what did happen with Facebook (FB) notifications this weekend?  Anything?  If you look for news coverage as I have, of a major news event involving FB, you canât find it.  I found one or two articles referencing âdegraded performanceâ in obscure publications Iâve never heard of before, and only after searching several search engines. Two articles⊠on something that Iâm sure affected thousands, and thousands of users.  So why did some people post about their FB notifications being blank?  Why is that even a big deal, I mean, canât you shut those off in settings anyway? Whatâs the big deal?
Not everyone has seen this subtle suppression technique in action, and perhaps most who havenât, are using social media differently than those of us who have. Â To turn it back a step or two, letâs talk about conservatives complaining they are being suppressed on social media. Â Youâve heard this complaint, right? Â Usually one of your Trump supporter friends, whoâs quickly dismissed by their liberal friends as dreaming up conspiracy theories, and just brushed off because itâs publicly acceptable to not like them, âcuz, Trump... So, those people. Â Conservatives, claiming they are being shadow banned or deboosted or censored on social media. Â
I am one of those people. I will go on social media and discuss politics, usually with people who donât agree with me. Â I will openly express support for our president, Donald Trump, and make more enemies than friends in doing so. Â And I will support other ideas, movements, and policies that define conservatism, by participating in conversations initiated by politicians and news personalities all over popular social media platforms. Â Iâve been doing this for years, motivated not by the argument itself, but by the concern that the conservative perspective was under-represented in these online discussions, and by the realization that these online discussions were becoming the epicenter of the political discussion itself.
At the heart of it, itâs a demographics problem.  In general, conservatives are older. Not that there arenât young conservatives, or old liberals for that matter.  But in general, most college kids want to protest something⊠ And tell them that college should be free, and of course most of them will agree.  As they get older, and many achieve success in career, family and finance, many of them begin to realize the value of the conservative principles they had rebelled against.  As in the college tuition for example.  Once they have struggled through the weight of the debt, and finally paid it off, there is a sense of accomplishment, and a greater understanding of the value of the dollar.  Perhaps they still hate debt, and thatâs a good thing. But they have learned through experience, that debt is a temptation dangled throughout life, that can be conquered, but must be entered into carefully, and weighed against the benefits it will afford.  There might also be the eventual realization that our banking system relies on loans and interest, and the requirement that loans be paid back, so banks can make more loans and provide liquidity to the economy.  The wisdom of these experiences has simply not been achieved by the younger, âwhy canât it be freeâ ideologues. Â
Ask yourself, how many 18 year-olds donât know how to use the internet? Â The answer is basically zero. Â Now ask the same question of 75 year-olds? Â Itâs definitely not zero. Â Perhaps a large percentage over 75 is technically using the internet, but many are using it only sparingly, to do email, mail order and basic browsing. The fact is, we still have several generations who grew up, went through their education, and much of their career before the internet was even invented. Â Many of them are intimidated by the internet, perhaps rightly so, but they are definitely not participating in political debates on FB. Â My basic understanding of mathematics suggests that the online discussions were more heavily influenced by younger, more liberal perspectives than their conservative counterparts, based on the demographics of the participants. Â And as I became more and more involved in these conversations, it seemed obvious to me that this was in fact the case. Â The conservative perspective was simply not getting the same representation on these platforms. Â It was probably around the same time, that I also realized the social media conversations were driving the television news cycles, not the other way around.
Consider a news anchor or TV journalist with a twitter account. Â Perhaps they have a show that comes on at 8 pm. Â But they get a news scoop at 11 am. Â Historically, viewers would hear about it at 8pm. Â Today, itâs tweeted out almost as it happens. Â By 8pm showtime, the news has been tossed about by everyone who approves, disapproves or is suspicious of. Â Iâd theorize, that the 8pm broadcast still benefits from the social media discussion. Â Itâs more informed and refined, having been both challenged and expanded upon as like minded followers along with oppositional personalities weigh in on the discussion. Â The conversation moves forward at the speed of the internet, as passionately informed ideologues share their best arguments in support of, or in opposition to the conflict of the day. Â The argument may well be settled by 8pm, regardless of how it gets reported on the individual networks. Â The conclusion for me is easy. Â News travels faster on social media, than on TV news broadcasts. Â And this is revolutionizing news itself. Â
So what does all this have to do with notifications?  Why are some people upset about not receiving notifications, and how does it relate to conservatives who think theyâve been censored?  Notifications are what you get when someone likes, shares, or responds to your comment on social media.  Think of an account you follow, that posts discussion of news events.  It appears in your news feed, and you can interact with it. You can like it, share it on your account for your followers, or you can comment on the issue being discussed. Liking, seems to be the least consequential interaction you can engage in.  When you like a post, or a comment, the âauthorâ of that post or comment will usually get a notification that it was liked.  The more likes, the more notifications, and the author gets a sense of community approval or indifference to their thoughts.  Iâm sure the biggest accounts with hundreds of thousands of followers often do turn off their notifications, because itâs a given that they will receive hundreds or thousands of interactions every time they post, and to receive notifications of every one would be overwhelming.  But for the average user, notifications of likes are a positive reinforcement to their opinions.  It lets them know that they have accomplished an understanding of the issues being discussed and have expressed something that others agree with.  So why is not getting notified of likes, such a big deal?  We havenât got there yetâŠ
The effect that the notification suppression has on social media is at least two fold. Â Many believe that it is used as a form of punishment by social media platforms to persuade accounts away from posting about topics they donât want on their platforms. Â I remember seeing a song parody by conservative social media personality Steven Crowder. (video here) Â I had already experienced the notification suppression (along with other shadow banning techniques), but had struggled to find discussions from other conservatives that this was actually happening (resulting in the all too frequent âyouâre a conspiracy theoristâ accusations). Â Thankfully, Steven Crowder had turned the song into a gripe about all the suppressions and de-platforming that his video podcast had gone through. Their parody of âMan of constant sorrowâ included an adapted chorus line that went something like ânotifications donât work for daysâ. Â And then I knew. Â It was happening, it was real, it was on purpose, and it was a punishment for content the platform developers disagreed with. Â I wasnât crazy. Â Or if I was, then so was Steven Crowder, and I was in good company. Â
But the effects of suspended notifications goes beyond a superficial punishment for content the platform disapproves of. Â When applied to the comments of a deep debate, it has a chilling effect on the discourse being exchanged. Â Take Russia collusion for example. Â Some of us who followed the developments closely, realized long ago that the claims being made by leftist liberal media about the Presidentâs alleged treasonous Russian contacts just didnât add up. Â Imagine a social media post about Russia collusion, and a discussion took shape in the comments. Â Maybe there was breaking news, and the possibilities of what it could mean were being brainstormed for the first time, right there on FB. Â Crowdsourcing at itâs finest. Â But it was a work day, so average Joe quickly shared his thoughts in the comments section while eating breakfast. Â Joeâs thoughts sparked a lightbulb in another participant who replied to Joeâs comment with the missing link to Joeâs idea. Â When Joe checked his phone at work, he got the notification, read the reply, realized the missing link, added another comment with his conclusions, and a new part of the mystery was solved. Â Much of Russia collusion was unraveled just like that. The major account they were both following, absorbed the developments, polished the theory, and it was ready for the 8pm news broadcast. Â The information exchange had moved ahead at the speed of the internet.
So what if, Joe never got that notification⊠ Joe checked his phone, but there was no indication anyone had interacted with his comment.  Maybe Joe interacts with lots of posts and doesnât have time to circle back and check them all for replies.  He relies on the notifications to tell him when itâs happened.  The next time he went on the social media site, he interacted with other posts on other topics, and never realized the missing link to complete his theory was waiting for him in the comments section, where he had participated earlier.  He never knew, so he never looked, and the discovery was never made.  By suspending the notifications, they interrupted the conversation and curtailed the exchange of information.  Whether by accident or by design, the platform developers and admins have realized that by suspending notifications, they can suppress the exchange of ideas and content.  Interrupt the dialog, and it will at the very least, slow the development of ideas and analysis.  And notification suppression likely has effects that we have not yet realized. Remember, they have all the data. They know how notification suppression effects the entire community when used in different capacities, and they are using it more and more.
So today, Saturday January 25, 2020, my notifications page on FB went blank. Â I had experienced many inconsistencies with my notifications in the past. Â Times when notifications for specific conversations seemed to roll in days after the actual interactions happened (perhaps what Steven Crowder was referring to in his song parody). Â Also notifications about comments that donât show up in the thread the notifications came from. Â Iâm sure thereâs others. Â Lots of games being played by the overlords with their precious notifications. Â But never had my notifications page been completely blank. Â Until today. And knowing the unique importance of notifications, I became quite concerned. Â I posted immediately on FB, and other social media sites. Â I asked if anyone else had blank notifications pages on FB. Â The answers came in rather quickly. Â Yes, yes, yes. Â Many friends on FB said they had similar experiences today or had seen posts from their friends that were experiencing the issue. Â Other platforms generated input that it was happening on FB in the UK, and seemed like a wide scale problem. Â Of course many assumed it was the usual âtechnical glitchâ that so often explains the unexplained phenomena on the internet. Â Yet another friend made curious observation, that I had been suspicious of. Â He said something to the effect âall my friends who engage in partisan politics on FB are complaining about notifications todayâ. Â It hadnât affected his notifications, but he felt he had noticed a correlation among those claiming they had. Â He thought it was affecting those who regularly espouse their political views on the platform. Â
FB has been vocal about their displeasure with the politics playing out on their platform. Â They have made public commitments to crack down and dissuade certain types of political content, including political ads during the election cycle. Â So was this notification suppression, a deliberate attempt to punish politicos for opining on FB? Â If it was a deliberate act, their timing was likely no accident either.
Today was the beginning of the Presidentâs legal defense arguments in the Senate impeachment hearings. Today was the first day, that the President actually got to defend himself via legal representation on national TV in the impeachment charade thatâs been going on for months now.  It was right after sharing a video of his legal team delivering devastating remarks and embarrassing the Democrat hoaxers that my notifications suddenly went blank.  Was my sharing a political video embarrassing Democrats, related to my notifications disappearing?  Was this the notifications punishment that FB has used so many times before but on a bigger, more obvious scale?  Were they exercising their leverage to interrupt the conversation and curtail the flow of information?  Where are the news stories about this?  I looked and looked and found very little. Did they choose today because they knew most news outlets would be focused on impeachment and therefor unlikely to spend much time on a silly FB glitch?  Surely, there were zillions of political posts on FB in recent days, as the Democrats delivered their case to the Senate.  Did they choose today specifically to send a different message? The day that the President mounts his legal defense is the day FB decides to punish users for political contentâŠ??? Â
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVEkDRgytCU)
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Post Hoc
An âAnd They Were Research Collaborators!â AU
Inspired by this post - âwe invited an eccentric billionaire to our fake wedding in the hopes of getting a free present, but then they said they would come and now we have to have an actual fake wedding for them to attend.â
Abstract
The current research seeks to marry the fields of quantum mechanics and social-cognitive psychology to present the first study of its kind to apply quantum probability to prosocial behavior. Helping behaviors of the elite one percent were tested using a novel paradigm that involved the low-impact, positively valanced behavior of gift giving for a wedding. It was hypothesized that the monetary amount of gifts provided would align with pre-determined factors of entanglement informed by the literature. The hypotheses were partially supported. The application of quantum theory to psychology is discussed as well as the unique and unexpected extraneous variables that should be included in future models.
AO3 Link
Chapter 1: Introduction
This room, just like all other rooms, is predictable. What at first appears a hodgepodge of chattering people quickly dissolves into order. Clusters of academics dot the rows of pleather chairs, each department banning together to save seats and gossip about who just got turned down by that one reviewer again or why Mathematics is currently not speaking with Chemistry. This in-group favoritism does not stop here, however, these smaller groupings branching into larger ones, the right side of the room, closest to the doors, are the physical scientists, and then there is an almost straight line of empty seats going from the front of the room to the back, cross over it and you reach the social scientists, similarly grouped by department, similarly chatting about successes and failures in attaining funding and how the tepid fifteen year feud between criminology and political science just heated back up with a passive aggressive email.Â
Vision technically is sitting on the correct side, about two rows from the other psychologists, but he does not mind the self-ostracism since sitting in the back of the room allows him to better observe the meeting unfold into a dance of egos and sharp wit. Or so he assumes, this is his first all staff meeting with the Marvel Institute, but it is far from his first academic gathering, and people have a tendency to follow patterns. Next to him, contrary to where she should be seated based on the flow of allegiances, yet in line with some of the literature on prosocial behaviors, Natasha slouches, one foot on the back of the chair in front of her, eyes rolling at the heated story coming from the front right corner of the room.Â
âIs there a special significance to the meeting today?â
She leans her head back and smiles at him, not unlike the snarl of a panther that has just happened upon a gathering a defenseless baby monkeys. âOh yeah, people are going to be so pissed.âÂ
Some people find negative events, well, negative, while some relish in the misery of others. Natasha is a proponent of the latter, the cutthroat nature of their job the perfect environment for her to thrive, something he has been envious of since they first met through mutual friends in graduate school. For what itâs worth, Vision has never been one for even casual schadenfreude. âWhy is that?â
âSteve,â one of the main administrators of the think tank who also happens to be on a bowling team with Natasha, âsaid the board is threatening to cut funding if we all donât start collaborating.â
Vision mentally scoffs, not really at the idea of collaborating since he intends to work closely with demography and sociology once heâs better established, but at the way the administration is speeding past all other avenues of empirically sound persuasion straight to the tactic most likely to cause defection. Perhaps he should send them a summary of the key findings in the area. âWhat are they going to do, throw our names into a hat and choose at random?â Â
âPlease donât give them any ideas.â
An authoritative tapping of heels silences most of the gossiping. The head of HR steps up to a podium at the front of the room, her well-tailored pencil skirt, white silk shirt, and fuchsia cardigan creating an overall persona of power as she clears her throat into the microphone. âCan I have everyoneâs attention please.â At this point, there is nothing to argue about, so no one counters, voices dropping off into a wary silence. âTodayâs meeting will be brief on my end,â a sardonic hooray comes from somewhere in the social sciences. She ignores it with aplomb. âIf you recall, at our last companywide meeting, it was requested by our donors that you all,â patronizing tones are not an ideal way to get people on board, another thing he may need to add to the research brief for HR, âneeded to embrace the trend of multidisciplinary research and give the Marvel Institute an even higher standing in the world today by providing even more cutting edge ideas.â
Natasha interrupts his attention with a whispered, âTen bucks sheâs about to tell us about another memo.â
He whispers back, âThat seems a guarantee.â HR has already sent five memos this week ranging from appropriate attire for the workplace (someone had the audacity to wear flip flops on casual Friday) to cleaning out the fridges in the common space, to some useful ones like new grant sources and the changes to the workplace harassment policies. But itâs only Wednesday so there will be at least 5 more and Vision only takes Natashaâs bets if he has at least a 68% chance of winning. âI believe I will save my money.â
A shoulder nudges him, âYouâre no fun.â Vision scoots an inch to the left.
âImmediately after this meeting, I will email you all a memo of what I am about to share.â
As usual, his calculations are correct, the ten dollars happily remaining in his pocket. âBeing no fun for the win.â
âShut up.â
The woman addressing the room straightens her spine, voice dropping into what she likely hopes is the best pitch for compliance. âThe board of directors have mandated that every,â she pauses as grumbles begin to surface from all parts of the room, whispers of dissent and bemoaning of academic freedom, a privilege all of them in this room waived (for the most part) when they went into the private sector. She remains unfazed by the slow roiling of animosity, re-beginning and then ending the comment with her head still held high. âThey have mandated that every employee must develop a multidisciplinary project with someone else working at the institute.âÂ
Out of the grumbling sprouts the first open dissent, the head of Computer Science, a lean, well-dressed man, stands to offer his thoughts. âListen, why donât you all tell the board to shove their mandates where they belong, becauseâŠâ
Natashaâs whispering distracts Vision from the end of the comment, yet again, âThatâs the other Victor.â Â
âOh.â On his first day he was informed that there was already a Victor working at the Marvel Institute, a man who is so vastly influential, revered, and hated that it might be in his best interest to dissociate from his birth name. Which wasnât a huge issue. In graduate school he quickly took on the moniker Vision, not by choice, necessarily, but he did not protest the nickname. He hadnât gone by it since getting his doctorate, determining Victor sounded more professional, yet now that he can watch the other Victor it makes complete sense why Vision was the one asked to use a different name. This Victor is impassioned, powerful, and utilizing the exact body language and tone to compel people to follow him.Â
Victor finishes his speech with a hefty, controlled punch to the air, âYou will never pry my intellectual freedom from me!â A few amens! rise from both sides of the room.Â
âWell,â the head of HR grips the edges of her cardigan, tugging it closer to her body as she bristles at his tone, âno one is taking your freedom. You are free to choose the topic of your study and free to choose the person with which you will be working.â
Victor rolls his eyes and his whole body follows, âSo this,â he raises his hands to add air quotes to the next word, âfreedom you speak of is conditional?â The woman nods slowly, eyes beginning to look a little cornered. âFine, then tell the board I already collaborate with Chemistry, Robotics, Engineering, and sometimes even with Physics when Iâm desperate.â
âYes, well, that is wonderful to know, and we thank you for your compelling work, except,â the cardigan is pulled even tighter as she prepares to drop what Vision assumes is going to be the talk of the hallways for a long time, âthe board has set the requirements so that you must work with a colleague in a department that is more theoretically and methodologically different from your own. I have a list in the back of the room with acceptable multidisciplinary pairings.â If Vision had realized the handouts would be behind him, he would have sat in the back corner because at the moment every single person is staring at him, well, technically they are staring past him, but it feels the same. âA good rule of thumb is that you must work with someone who has an office in a different wing than your own.âÂ
âThis,â a second dissenter stands, this time from Visionâs side of the room, the fur stole slouching around her shoulders giving off the image of a widowed socialite more so than the world-renowned researcher she is, âis preposterous and a clear sign of distrust and animosity from the board, not to mention a bit draconian of a measure this early on into the initiative. How can we, as independent scholars, be asked to work under such shackles, thrive under the oppressive weight of what people with no understanding of empiricism think is best?â
Vision will give credit to the head of HR, face remaining stoic despite the (not completely unearned) vitriol slung her way. When her hands finally release the wrinkled hem of her sweater, her voice takes on the non-questioning tone parents pull out when all hope seems lost, âYes, we are forcing you to work with someone new. Yes, we are limiting some of your freedom, but you all use the funding of our donors, enjoy the bounty that this company gives you, have all the newest technology and programs, and for once, you are being asked to do something out of your comfort zone. If you donât want to do it, fine, but know that it means you will lose your development funds for the next quarter.âÂ
Nat breathes out, âTold you,â in between this revelation and the next.
âWe donât care how big or small your study is, it can even be a pilot study or a grant application, but you will work together and you have to find your partner today before leaving this room. Have a nice day.â Â
She scurries out of the room, leaving them in stunned silence, a rarity with academics, until a mousy man with disheveled hair and a solid stoop to his shoulders walks up to the microphone. âUm so, yeah, we,â he waves his hand around the room to show them the army of interns standing at the doors with clipboards clutched in their hands, âwill write down the collaborations you all set up. We only need your names, departments, and a three to ten word description of your idea. Thanks a bunch!â
No one moves, the part in the sea of chairs remaining firm as eyes begin to shift, assessing first if anyone is going against the orders and second, who might be approachable. Vision angles his knees confidently towards Natasha, âI believe we could find a compelling empirical question between our two areas.â
âIâm actually going to work with Sam.âÂ
Dumfounded, Vision turns to see the colleague in question sending him a jolly little smile and a victorious wave, unable to fully reckon with the sense of abandonment swirling around his head. âBut, but you are the only person I, I knowâŠâ
The factoid slides away with an easy shrug, âHe and I have had an idea for a while, figured we would use this as our opportunity to finally do it.â Which is fine, Vision wonât stop people from collaborating and he, if he considers it logically, can better grasp how Samâs research on identifying psychological risk factors in the military marries much better with Natashaâs research on advanced mechanized weapons than Visionâs own work in helping behaviors during extraordinary circumstances. It is a nice melding for them. But, all things considered, it still means that Vision is at a loss. âJust think of this as a way to finally meet people.â
âBut I donâtââ
âYou know if you had just come out for happy hour and actually met people, I wouldnât have had to do this.â Predatory smugness rests easy on her lips.
He has only turned down three invitations, all for the sake of unpacking his boxes and organizing his apartment and avoiding the awkwardness of small talk. That is not something worth such a heavy punishment. âPerhaps we can work as a trio?â
Natâs hair tap dances along her shoulders as she turns down the offer. âSteve sent the memo to me last night, if three people work together, all have to be from different departments.âÂ
âWonderful.â Vision joins the rest of the people in the room, sympathetic system in full gear, heart pounding and head a little woozy while he scans the faces around him, not recognizing any of the people on the side of the room he needs to pick from. âDo you have any recommendations?â
âI do, actually, come on.â Blindly Vision follows the red-head, weaving in between the chairs, trying not to make eye contact with any of the desperate faces that sail pass. âHey,â he spent so much time watching the speckled floor tiles that Vision almost slams into Natashaâs back, âfound your partner, as promised.âÂ
In front of them sits a petite woman, her dark hair falling well below her shoulders in loose waves, the layers of her weathered black clothing blending in with the pleather of the chair. Unlike Visionâs own nerves, she looks impressively unperturbed. âOh yeah?â
Nat steps aside and pushes Vision closer to the woman, âMeet Vision, from Psychology.â Then she disappears leaving him alone with his collaborator.
âUm...â The womanâs gaze is steady and slightly unnerving. Vision finds himself shifting on his feet, expecting her to stand and then realizes that it makes no sense that she should have to make herself less comfortable to greet him. A new purpose discovered, Vision lowers himself onto the seat two away from her, allowing the comfort of one empty chair for easier conversation. âHello, Iâm, um, Vision.â he sticks out his hand, gray matter flopping uselessly around instead of pulling up all the research he has read on how to make a strong first impression. Â
She grips his hand, giving it a solid shake and a, âFigured. Wanda,â before her fingers dive into the pockets of her sweater, and Visionâs, likewise, retreat to tangle in his lap. âSo you a clinician like Sam?â
The most logical question would have been a broader, more open ended option like What do you study? for which he has a prepared 30-second elevator pitch he can ramble off in his sleep. He almost does it too, assuming that was the flow of the conversation. Luckily, he catches himself before his misstep, âNo, I am a social-cognitive psychologist.â
âWhich is?âÂ
This is a very different elevator pitch, one he has not given in a long time. âOh, yes, so it simply means that I empirically examine the way situations, external factors, and other people influence an individualâs behavior, beliefs, and thoughts.âÂ
âNice. Must be interesting.âÂ
What had been perceived friendliness at the onset wilts slowly into a polite disinterest and Vision feels oddly more comfortable for it, slipping into his usual comments meant to eschew the common misconceptions of his field. âPlease do not be alarmed, I am not reading your mind nor analyzing your every behavior right now.â
Her lips form a marginal curve, falling back into a pucker that matches the scrunched skin of her forehead as she studies him. âYou know, I once had a roommate in college who was convinced I could read her mind because she misread my major. Even bought me a ouija board to help me do my thing.â Now itâs Visionâs turn to be confused, trying to figure out what she could study, since spiritual studies isnât something to find at this institute. âPhysics, Vision...Iâm a physicist.â
âOh,â a low, embarrassed chuckle comes out, âoh that makes far more sense than where my mind went. How long did you let her think that?â
âBased on the occasional emails we send, I think she still believes it.âÂ
The instant Wanda offers an uncertain little smile, he can feel his own mouth mirror it. âWell, if you are not going to interpret my star sign, what do you do?â
âI primarily focus on quantum mechanics with a specialization in optics.â The explanation stops and Vision tries to nod encouragingly, faintly aware of quantum theory due to a rainy Saturday in grad school when procrastination clearly took on a desperate hue, but thatâs not enough to really understand what she does or what their collaboration can be. âI do a lot with wave functions, entropy, and lasersâ
âFascinating.â This doesnât help him any, lasers not a big methodology in psychology.
With introductions out of the way, they reach a standstill, staring at each other, well, looking at each other and then looking away, Wanda choosing to study the sticker peeling off the chair in front of her while Vision glances towards the exit. This is exactly what people are angry about--being forced to find a common ground when collaboration, in Visionâs experience, always goes better when it happens naturally from two researchers who have similar but slightly different theoretical views on life. Vision tries to place himself back to his day spent going down the quantum rabbit hole, attempting to find anything that might bridge the gap between his world and the woman in front of him. Except he has nothing. âIt has been roughly twelve years since I took a physics class.â
âAbout ten for me since I had intro to psych.â
An unsurprising parallel, one he wonât let derail his thoughts, âFrom what I recall, quantum theory is all about predicting the movement and behavior of particles?â
âThatâs the gist of it,â based on the way she says it, it seems that he is approaching the dark room of their collaboration with what might amount to an eraser sized flashlight on the last legs of its batteries. âMost of what I work with are unstable or ambiguous particle systems.âÂ
This Vision latches onto, feeling his thoughts growing a bit brighter. âI strive to predict behavior, often in unstable or ambiguous situations.âÂ
A few moments pass before realization erupts on Wandaâs face. âSo quantum cognition?â
âIf that is a real area.â
Heâd like her, âI think so,â to be firmer, more excited, maybe?
âWell wonderful.â It is a start. With most collaborations, he has an idea of how the other personâs theories and methodologies differ from his and where they might meld. That is not currently the case. âI must confess that, other than a couple of review articles, I am not well versed on anything quantum related. Regardless, empiricism is universal and I am certain we could construct a relatively simple experiment where we examine traditional psychological theories of a particular behavior against, umâŠâ
Wanda grins, finishing his thought. âQuantum probability. See whoâs better.â He almost points out itâs not a competition, but holds back, uncertain how she might take the comment. âI think it at least sounds good enough to get us out of this room and let me get back to writing my grant.â
This seems doable and a mite exciting, though he can already sense a light panic at not understanding what he has agreed to. âI think we should maybe take some time to read up on the current literature on quantum cognition, perhaps send key articles to each other and see if that sparks any ideas. We can meet later today or tomorrow to hash out a workable study?â
âSounds like a plan.â
Three hours later, Wanda leans back in her chair, a low-grade headache knocking at her temples. The literature on quantum cognition is straightforward when it comes to the mathematical probabilities at play, what is troublesome is the often paradoxical findings and competing thoughts on human behavior. Itâs not even the paradox that is frustrating, chaos is near and dear to her heart, a thrill running down her spine whenever she gets to watch the discombobulation of particles as they attempt to settle into their final reality. The moment where all realities are possible is her favorite. No, really it is the human behavior part that concerns her. The articles Vision sent along included experiment after experiment where people chose illogical actions that will harm others. Sure, occasionally there has been a study where they actually help, but itâs depressing to see confirmation of the state of human behavior. Growing up in a war-torn country and seeing the depths of human evil is part of what pushed her towards particles and molecules. That is an entropy she can enjoy, one that wonât set off bombs in apartments or shoot children in the street. She can bask in the glory of not knowing what the end result will be when no lives are at stake. How a man like Vision, whoâs face just screams Iâm so terribly sorry can study this is really confusing. Not as confusing as the fact that she has now read twelve explanations for the prisonerâs dilemma that all argue different things.Â
Wanda shuts her laptop and shoves it in her bag.Â
The building is divided into two wings, each wing then divided into six floors housing departments segregated based on closeness of discipline. It means she has to walk extra slowly from one side of the complex to the other so the scalding tea sloshing dangerously close to the edge of her mug doesnât spill over.Â
She waves stiffly at Sam as she passes his lab, a little salty at the betrayal of her friends, and continues down the hall, glancing through the windows of each room until she spots Vision.Â
The psychologist is bent over his desk, face resting in his hand with the glow of the computer casting slanted shadows on his face. Wanda stands in the doorway watching him, trying to will him to glance up at her, but he only squints and moves closer to the screen. She shifts her bag behind her, switching the tea into her left hand. âHey,â her greeting precedes the knock, both of which startle the man into a rigid stance. âYou busy?â
Vision tries to reassert his calm, hands flattening the invisible wrinkles of his navy sweater. âNo.â
âAwesome.â The expectation is heâll invite her in, a researcherâs lab holier and more sacred than most peopleâs homes, only he doesnât move, palms still attempting to dominate the phantom creases. What she doesnât want to do is talk over the chasm of the lab, so she takes control, entering the room, a mixture of awe, jealousy, and fear forming at the spotless space. Despite the impressive cleanliness there is only one chair and he is currently sitting in it. âFigured we could talk, um,â the only available place is a table, her bag and cup coming to rest on the gleaming surface, âyou know, make sure weâre on the same page.âÂ
âOf course,â Vision waves her to come in farther, his arms crossing casually, and then uncrossing, seemingly trapped in a state of superposition about how to act in the presence of another person in his space. His polite âPlease,â finally collapses his uncertainty into a stiff-backed position, with one arm on his desk and the other resting on his crossed knee.Â
Wanda accepts the invitation and perches on the edge of the table, legs swinging idly through the air. âSo any thoughts so far?âÂ
âSome.â This remark implies more is coming, so she waits, fingers curling around the edge of the metal table, trying not to stare too hard as he scoops up a pile of stapled packets. When Vision stands it is fascinating to behold, his body unfolding forever, her neck twitching at the instinctual need to crane up with his progress until he is at his full height, which even from her position on the table, is still much taller than her. Somehow she hadnât noticed this before or how it seems to amplify the clear discomfort her presence is causing him right now. The pile of papers is lovingly placed about a foot from her, allowing her to see the tell-tale structure of peer-reviewed articles. âI have been attempting to not only understand the fundamentals of your area,â the exhaustion cutting his words makes her feel a bit better, worried that only she was struggling with the cross-disciplinary readings. âWhile also attempting to think of behavioral analogs to the ideas.â
This is what she was hoping for, her end of the project is pretty much set regardless of behavior, the theory relatively stable minus confirming certain things with him. âIâm all ears.â
âAll right, so superposition,â Vision picks up a dry erase marker and writes the word in uniformly sized and spaced teal letters. âI believe I understand the gist of what Schrödingerââ
âI like to call him the cat guy.â The attempt at breaking the tension flutters to the ground where he momentarily stares, âIt was a joke...â Now he provides a polite snort, turning back to the board so she canât see the rest of his reaction.Â
Any annoyance or disappointment from her attempted levity is short lived, the uncapped teal marker in Visionâs hand waving as he speaks. âThe whole thought experiment is based on superposition, that until a decision is made, all possible options exist together.â
âCorrect, the cat can be both alive and dead until we pop open the box and collapse reality.â There is more to it, a laundry list of deviations from this basic component, but she doesnât think muddying the explanation with qubit states or decoherence will be useful for their brainstorming.
The marker kisses the board again, his voice punctuated by the squeak of the silicone polymer, his ideas flowing into a visual while he speaks. âIâve been trying to think of it with behavior and it could be like if I were to ask you this,â he underlines the question on the board, scrawled in the most perfectly legible writing sheâs ever seen. âAre you happy? Until you answer the question,â a Yes and No join the phrase on the board, âyou would exist as both happy and not happy.â
For a beginning example it is okay, though they will need a more nuanced approach in their own research if they ever want to publish it. âYes, to you I would be both happy and not happy until reality exists and the superposition collapses. But, like the cat in the box, I personally would know my own reality, itâs just you, the researcher that wouldnât.â
Her words are given careful consideration before he responds. âI hate to use this phrase, butâŠas a social psychologist,â a little leeway can be given in not categorizing him as a pompous, egotistical academic since he does seem genuinely distressed at sounding just like a pompous egotistical academic, âI am not certain I wholly agree with the assertion that people know their own emotions or even thoughts. For instance, we can shift the probability of your response by adding another question. Like, um,â Vision turns back to the board, hand busy writing out another yes/no question, âthis.â Pointing at the question is overkill, but he does it anyway. âIf we were to ask someone Are you currently hungry? and then ask if they are happy, we have now changed what their response could be because they are now potentially thinking about how ravenous they are,â which she is in fact considering, something that she wasnât prior to the example and isnât particularly happy to have in her mind since it also reminds her that she forgot to eat lunch today. Thankfully he doesnât seem to notice the change in her own mood, still professorating towards the board, âand this happens even though the two questions are meant to be independent.â
Wanda tosses aside her angry stomach and slides from the table, joining him at the board, mulling over the marker choices he has and deciding on the red marker he keeps off by itself. âThis is actually in line with quantum probability, specifically interference, where the probability of happiness changes depending on other factors. You all use classical probabilityââ
A very meek correction is given, âI am also trained in Bayesian probability.âÂ
âEither way, both, for the most part, say things are commutative and order doesnât matter. But we know it does. In quantum probability we take into account the order of events when we calculate probability.â For a peaceful moment, she considers the questions to be like waves, watching as the two exist together, undulating around and around until a reality is set. Then she writes it down, her slanted, questionably readable letters marring his pristine board. âThis example would be what we refer to as destructive interference. Assuming the person is, as you put it, ravenous, it would eliminate the chance of happiness in the second question. On the other hand, if a person was either not hungry or comfortably full, it could be a constructive effect, where it resonates and boosts the happiness.âÂ
âSo, context matters.â
Thereâs a cunning smirk on his face when he says it, a tiny, unexpected danger entering his voice that she finds a little academically enticing. âYes, it does, thatâs one of the underlying components of quantum theory. We must examine the context of the behavior we are predicting, whether itâs particles, light, atoms, or even people.â
Vision steps back and leans against the table, studying the board with a casualness and ease he hasnât shown yet, one she imagines he only has when working. âNow we are getting somewhere. My entire area of research is on how the context of a situation can shape behavior, especially in ways that seem irrational or counterproductive.â He seems the type to want to explain and control illogical actions, no one else would button their collared shirt all the way to the top otherwise. âConsider helping.â A far cry from food, which will hopefully stop her stomach from grumbling. âIf you were to be walking down the street and saw someone lying on the ground, what would you do?â
âI, um,â it seems a trick, something she tends to assume is a characteristic of those who study human behavior or ethics, so she turns to face him more directly, leaning back against the white board and mirroring his casual stance, âwould check on them.â
âWhat if there was someone already with them?â
Ethically she knows she should check, but she is also aware that, once or twice or a handful of times in the past, she has continued walking by such a scene. âI would likely slow down and assess if more help is needed.âÂ
âOne extra person and it changes,â the marker moves through the air as he talks, âwe know that helping is influenced by myriad factors âthe presence of others, the feeling of ability to help, the ease with which you can get to help them, whether you know the person, if they have similar demographics as you, ifââ
This list is no doubt endless, especially with how his voice revs up with each new factor. Even if he seems nice, decently well-adjusted, and non-threatening, she doesnât want to spend hours listening to this. âAre you saying you want to test quantum cognition with helping behaviors?â
âNot necessarily,â displeasure seeps into his voice, and then it twists into uncertainty, âwell maybe,â and then slides into something close to defeat, âI really do not know, Iâm just trying to think through it all.â
A fair approach to take but she also doesnât want to drag this collaboration out longer than need be, especially since it will take valuable time away from her primary research. âWell, is there a theory you want to test?â
He shakes his head, capping the marker and placing it down on the table, careful to cage it in with his fingers so it doesnât roll away. âFor my part, it is easier to decide the behavior and then identify the most appropriate theory.â
âOkay.â The easiest thing to do is to just tell him theyâll go with helping and be done Sheâll check on him in a few weeks, see what heâs concocted on his end and then sheâll step in. Except part of her wants to use this opportunity to also throw a middle finger at the administration for forcing their hands and taking them away from what they are paid to research. She just doesnât know if this man is the best partner for something rebellious. âWhat do you think about all of this, the forced collaborations?â
The question surprises him, mouth dropping open and arm lifting to respond, inadvertently releasing the marker to roll onto the ground and under the table. He bends to retrieve it, still looking a bit lost when he resurfaces. âI believe that multidisciplinary research is the future of all our livelihoods,â definitely not going to be the right partner, perhaps she should have gone for the political scientist that goes to every protest in the region, âyet they are not using ideal methods to encourage such collaboration and are essentially stirring discord that will not further their wants.âÂ
Maybe Nat wasnât crazy to have paired them up after all. âWhat if we choose something ridiculous to study?â
âHow...so?â
Wanda shrugs, hands diving into the pockets of her sweatshirt. âI donât know, something thatâs kind of stupid but still theoretically applicable.â Apathy paints his face while a flicker of horror at the defacement of science dances in his icy blue stare. âYouâre new, right?â Slowly he nods, arms crossing as he does so. âEach year thereâs this unofficial award that we all vote on, we give it to the researcher who managed to publish the most outlandish study in a decent journal.â
His face doesnât change but he does stand straighter, looking like heâs about to sprint out of the room, except his voice is borderline intrigued. âLike what?â
âLast year someone published a paper on how the fonts that protestors use on their signs invoke different emotions in their opponents.âÂ
The topic dangles in the air, Wanda a patient fisherman waiting for him to grow curious enough to nibble. Visionâs fingers tap the inside of his elbow and then his shoulders drop. âWhat font made them the angriest?â
âComic sans.â
He laughs. The sound starts loud, like he wants to give it his all, but then is cut short into a contained social politeness, presenting her a brief, joyous huff. âWell,â Vision collects himself, shoving his enjoyment away and fixing the unruffled hem of his sweater, âso long as we have a theoretically informed study, I will consider any suggestions you might have.âÂ
Nothing screams out to her now, and even if it did, she wants to wait, look through the news to see how far she might be able to push him on this olive branch. âLet me think on it.â
He concedes. âWe can speak more on it when you are ready.â
âThere you are!â They both turn towards the door where Natasha stands. âIâve been texting you for like half an hour.âÂ
Wandaâs hands search through her pockets while she glances to an old, black-rimmed clock on the wall. âOh shit,â no wonder sheâs so hungry and no wonder Natasha is upset. âSorry, itâs on silent in my bag.âÂ
âWell, come on. Samâs saving us a table.âÂ
Wednesdays are $3 nacho night and the last time she lost track of time, the bar ran out of cheese and it took a week for Sam to forgive her. She rushes to her bag, tossing it over her shoulder and chugs her tea. âLetâs go.â Â
Sheâs a few feet down the hall when she realizes Nat isnât next to her and also, with a mild pang of guilt, that she never officially ended her meeting with Vision. Both of these issues are being rectified by Natashaâs commanding tone, âVision, I swear to God, if you donât come with us, Iâm never talking to you again.â
Condensation pools and drips along the surface of the electric blue drink gripped between his palms, a treat from Natasha for finally âbeing a human and joining them.â The other three are comfortable and amicable with each other, at least six inside jokes already lobbed into conversation and they have only been at the high top for ten minutes. âOkay,â Sam is technically his closest colleague. They are in the same department, they attend at least one weekly meeting together, but still a stranger. Regardless, every encounter thus far, including tonight, paints him as exceedingly nice, personable, and unafraid to take control of a situation, âtell me a fun fact you learned this week that is not work related.â Vision is grateful not just for the inclusive conversation starter but also for the parameter. âWanda, go.â
âOh, um,â a creamy cocktail sits in front of her, the array of rings on her fingers, which he had not noticed before, despite watching her write, clinking the glass each time she takes a drink, âI learned that Papua New Guinea has over 800 spoken languages.â
Samâs approving, âNice,â accepts the fact and Vision looks expectedly at Natasha, assuming any rational person will move the game clockwise. âVision, my man, what you got?â
Vision freezes, mind suddenly blank of all the things he has read in the past week, attribution theory even oozing out and falling through the cracks in the tile floor. âWellâŠâ what he had for lunch is the closest he gets to any sort of memory, leftover broccoli soup sloshing through his mind. âBroccoli is a man-made product, created through selective breeding of a common mustard plant.â
âSeriously?âÂ
All three stare at him as if he has sprouted another head and, in this moment, he believes that perhaps he should have taken the risk that Natasha would never speak with him again. âYes, same with cauliflower, kale, cabbage, Brussels sproutsâŠâ Finally, their attention leaves him, contemplation manifesting in fingers gripping glasses and long, slow sips of alcohol.Â
Sam tips his pilsner in Visionâs direction, âYouâve changed my life.â A well-meaning and empty exaggeration. âOkay Nat, can you top that?â
The easy swill she takes always proceeds a victory, something Vision would welcome, gladly forfeiting the prize of attention and questions to her. âI was reading a news story the other day about how this couple decided to invite a bunch billionaires to their wedding, hoping to get free gifts from them.â
âDid it work?â Thankfully Wanda asks the question before he feels compelled to do so.Â
âApparently, they got gifts from almost half of them.âÂ
This has to be a function of the secretaries for said billionaires simply sending a gift in the belief this person must somehow be connected, because Vision imagines the secretaries would know any names that would deem an actual RSVP. âDo you think,â Samâs drink is forgotten as he stares up towards the grubby ceiling of the bar, âyou could just send an invite and get a gift, even without a wedding?â
âThat would be fraud.â The moral correction comes out before his social mind catches it, three sips of life-endingly strong alcohol enough to lessen his inhibitions, apparently.Â
Despite the legal and moral point, no one else at the table seems bothered at the clear violation of federal and state law. âBut theyâre billionaires, what would one little wedding gift really do to their wallets?â Wanda seems friendly enough, intelligent, driven, and a bit uncomfortably rebellious. This all means he shouldnât be surprised at her thought, but heâs still a bit scandalized at the complete disregard and even exhilaration in her voice when she speaks of breaking the law.Â
Then Sam doubles down on the suggestion. âExactly. Unless everyone starts doing it, what harm does it cause?â And to think this man is governed under the same ethical guidelines as Vision. What would the APA think of such reckless disregard for the law? âBut seriously, would it work?â
For the second time, Vision jumps in more quickly than he should and with a far more sardonic tone than he intends, likely due to the influence of his ruffled feathers. âStill very much illegal but anything can be studied empirically.â Once the words are out, he immediately regrets it, not wanting to spur this conversation any more. It is possible (desired even) they ignore him, Sam already seeming to disregard his addition as he leans towards Natasha. Whatever Sam says is drowned out by a prickle traveling up Visionâs spine, his fight-or-flight response activating at the feeling of being watched. Slowly he turns his head towards Wanda, who levels a discerning, alcohol infused squint in his direction. âYes?â
âCould you repeat that for me?â
âI, um,â Vision isnât sure why sheâs asking or why he feels like he should change what he said. âI stated that anything can be studied empirically.âÂ
As he finishes the sentence, Wandaâs lips tip into a wicked smirk. âWhat a ridiculous idea.â
#scarlet vision#vision#wanda maximoff#alternateuniversescarletvision#thescarletvisionnetwork#no powers AU#never thought i'd write one#but here we go#a warning: this is going to get real nerdy#mine
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GATE Life Science Question Paper, Exam Pattern, Mock Test, MCQ
GATE Life Science Question Paper, Exam Pattern, Mock Test, MCQ The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering is an examination that primarily tests the comprehensive understanding of various undergraduate subjects in engineering and science for admission into the Masters Program of institutes as well as jobs at Public Sector Companies. GATE Life Science Question Paper and MCQs Buy the question bank or online quiz of GATE Life Science Exam Going through the GATE Life Science Exam Question Bank is a must for aspirants to both understand the exam structure as well as be well prepared to attempt the exam. The first step towards both preparation as well as revision is to practice from GATE Life Science Exam with the help of Question Bank or Online quiz. We will provide you the questions with detailed answer. GATE Life Science Question Paper and MCQs : Available Now GATE Life Science Mock Test Crack GATE Life Science Recruitment exam with the help of online mock test Series or Free Mock Test. Every Sample Paper in GATE Life Science Exam has a designated weightage so do not miss out any Paper. Prepare and Practice Mock for GATE Life Science exam and check your test scores. You can get an experience by doing the Free Online Test or Sample Paper of GATE Life Science Exam. Free Mock Test will help you to analysis your performance in the Examination. GATE Life Science Mock Test : Available Now GATE Life Science Syllabus 1. Chemistry (Compulsory) : Atomic structure and periodicity: Planckâs quantum theory, wave particle duality, uncertainty principle, quantum mechanical model of hydrogen atom, electronic configuration of atoms and ions. Periodic table and periodic properties: ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity and atomic size. Structure and bonding: Ionic and covalent bonding, MO and VB approaches for diatomic molecules, VSEPR theory and shape of molecules, hybridization, resonance, dipole moment, structure parameters such as bond length, bond angle and bond energy, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. Ionic solids, ionic radii and lattice energy (BornâHaber cycle). HSAB principle. s.p. and d Block Elements: Oxides, halides and hydrides of alkali, alkaline earth metals, B, Al, Si, N, P, and S. General characteristics of 3d elements. Coordination complexes: valence bond and crystal field theory, color, geometry, magnetic properties and isomerism. Chemical Equilibria: Colligative properties of solutions, ionic equilibria in solution, solubility product, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts, pH, buffer and their applications. Equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp and Kx) for homogeneous reactions. Electrochemistry: Conductance, Kohlrausch law, cell potentials, emf, Nernst equation, Galvanic cells, thermodynamic aspects and their applications. Reaction Kinetics: Rate constant, order of reaction, molecularity, activation energy, zero, first and second order kinetics, catalysis and elementary enzyme reactions. Thermodynamics: First law, reversible and irreversible processes, internal energy, enthalpy, Kirchoff equation, heat of reaction, Hessâs law, heat of formation. Second law, entropy, free energy and work function. GibbsâHelmholtz equation, ClausiusâClapeyron equation, free energy change, equilibrium constant and Troutonâs rule. Third law of thermodynamics Plant Pathology: Nature and classification of plant diseases, diseases of important crops caused by fungi, bacteria,nematodes and viruses, and their control measures, mechanism(s) of pathogenesis and resistance, molecular detection of pathogens; plant-microbe beneficial interactions. Ecology and Environment: Ecosystems â types, dynamics, degradation, ecological succession; food chains and energy flow; vegetation types of the world, pollution and global warming, speciation and extinction, conservation strategies, cryopreservation, phytoremediation. 3. Microbiology Historical Perspective: Discovery of microbial world; Landmark discoveries relevant to the field of microbiology; Controversy over spontaneous generation; Role of microorganisms in transformation of organic matter and in the causation of diseases. Methods in Microbiology: Pure culture techniques; Theory and practice of sterilization; Principles of microbial nutrition; Enrichment culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms; Light-, phase contrast- and electron-microscopy. Microbial Taxonomy and Diversity: Bacteria, Archea and their broad classification; Eukaryotic microbes: Yeasts, molds and protozoa; Viruses and their classification; Molecular approaches to microbial taxonomy. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: Structure and Function: Prokaryotic Cells: cell walls, cell membranes, mechanisms of solute transport across membranes, Flagella and Pili, Capsules, Cell inclusions like endospores and gas vesicles; Eukaryotic cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Microbial Growth: Definition of growth; Growth curve; Mathematical expression of exponential growth phase; Measurement of growth and growth yields; Synchronous growth; Continuous culture; Effect of environmental factors on growth. Control of Micro-organisms: Effect of physical and chemical agents; Evaluation of effectiveness of antimicrobial agents. Microbial Metabolism: Energetics: redox reactions and electron carriers; An overview of metabolism; Glycolysis; Pentose-phosphate pathway; Entner-Doudoroff pathway; Glyoxalate pathway; The citric acid cycle; Fermentation; Aerobic and anaerobic respiration; Chemolithotrophy; Photosynthesis; Calvin cycle; Biosynthetic pathway for fatty acids synthesis; Common regulatory mechanisms in synthesis of amino acids; Regulation of major metabolic pathways. Microbial Diseases and Host Pathogen Interaction: Normal microbiota; Classification of infectious diseases; Reservoirs of infection; Nosocomial infection; Emerging infectious diseases; Mechanism of microbial pathogenicity; Nonspecific defense of host; Antigens and antibodies; Humoral and cell mediated immunity; Vaccines; Immune deficiency; Human diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic fungi. Chemotherapy/Antibiotics: General characteristics of antimicrobial drugs; Antibiotics: Classification, mode of action and resistance; Antifungal and antiviral drugs. Microbial Genetics: Types of mutation; UV and chemical mutagens; Selection of mutants; Ames test for mutagenesis; Bacterial genetic system: transformation, conjugation, transduction, recombination, plasmids, transposons; DNA repair; Regulation of gene expression: repression and induction; Operon model; Bacterial genome with special reference to E.coli; Phage λ and its life cycle; RNA phages; RNA viruses; Retroviruses; Basic concept of microbial genomics. Microbial Ecology: Microbial interactions; Carbon, sulphur and nitrogen cycles; Soil microorganisms associated with vascular plants. 4. Zoology Animal world: Animal diversity, distribution, systematics and classification of animals, phylogenetic relationships. Evolution: Origin and history of life on earth, theories of evolution, natural selection, adaptation, speciation. Genetics: Basic Principles of inheritance, molecular basis of heredity, sex determination and sex-linked characteristics, cytoplasmic inheritance, linkage, recombination and mapping of genes in eukaryotes, population genetics. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates; replication, transcription and translation; regulation of gene expression, organization of genome, Krebâs cycle, glycolysis, enzyme catalysis, hormones and their actions, vitamins Cell Biology: Structure of cell, cellular organelles and their structure and function, cell cycle, cell division, chromosomes and chromatin structure. Gene expression in Eukaryotes : Eukaryotic gene organization and expression (Basic principles of signal transduction). Animal Anatomy and Physiology: Comparative physiology, the respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, the nervous system, the excretory system, the endocrine system, the reproductive system, the skeletal system, osmoregulation. Parasitology and Immunology: Nature of parasite, host-parasite relation, protozoan and helminthic parasites, the immune response, cellular and humoral immune response, evolution of the immune system. Development Biology: Embryonic development, cellular differentiation, organogenesis, metamorphosis, genetic basis of development, stem cells. Ecology: The ecosystem, habitats, the food chain, population dynamics, species diversity, zoogerography, biogeochemical cycles, conservation biology. Animal Behaviour: Types of behaviours, courtship, mating and territoriality, instinct, learning and memory, social behaviour across the animal taxa, communication, pheromones, evolution of animal behaviour. GATE 2021 LX Exam Pattern Duration : 180 Mint Negative Mark : 0.66 SectionNo. of QuestionsMarksMarks/QuestionsTotal Marks General Aptitude5 55 51 25 10 Technical, Engineering, Mathematics25 3025 301 225 60 Total65  100
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Abilities Needed To Come To Be an Effective Electrician
Electricians have the duty to set up & preserve fuses, wiring and varied other electrical components needed to instill electrical power in homes, manufacturing facilities and also other commercial rooms. In this age, when every little thing is so electrically defined, it's needless to discuss that electrical experts would certainly be in high demand almost everywhere. Therefore people planning for the electrical contractors' job have superb task prospects practically anywhere. But once more, every ambitious electrician ought to obtain the needed electrical contractors occupation skills delight in success in the respective area. The article below is most likely to highlight on the vital electrical experts profession skills every electrician need to hold. Academic abilities: Though the electricians' job is mostly technically inclined, yet he requires to have some required scholastic skills. https://jakeselectricalcare.com Firstly, you require to have a great hold over the English language as the electrician's training would certainly need you to research a great deal concerning various electrical theories, the methods and methods of installing electrical devices, steps to keep the electrical components, various safety practices, plans as well as electrical code laws- every one of which would certainly be created in English just. Besides, a considerable Mathematical knowledge is required to as the electrician's job would require him compute the various procedure while collaborating with the installation and fixture of electrical appliances. Besides, it's great if you are flexible with attracting artworks as greater level work would require you to attract circuit diagrams also.
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Technical abilities: Technical knowledge is among the basics of electricians' career abilities. Aside from the academic expertise of electrical installments, the electrician needs to obtain a practical training concerning the electrical setups. You have to learn just how to pierce the holes, attach conduits, established the supports, solution, link & check the electrical wiring, switches over and outlets. Besides, in the greater levels, you would certainly be trained on just how to attach the cords to the circuit breakers, how to deal with the transformers & the use of diverse tools plus safety installation procedures. Other skills: An ambitious electrician needs to develop good degree of mastery, audio hand to eye co-ordination, physical conditioning in addition to a considerable equilibrium feeling. It's because your task would require you to kneel, stand, stoop and bend for longer duration and travel to longer distances. Furthermore, a great shade feeling is additionally needed to differentiate the different tinted wires. Last but not the least, it's excellent if you can obtain a Spanish training given that Spanish is among the most extensively talked languages around as well as would aid you to interact with diverse kinds of client from various area. Electrical contractors are called for when you are developing a brand-new house and also when you are require to do repair work, also those as small as fixing a fuse. Employing a completely certified electrician is vital to guarantee the task is done correctly and that it is also finished safely. Many residence fires are begun due to damaged electrical circuitry, so problems with your electrical devices and also the wiring of your house needs to be taken care of as quickly as you see a trouble. Today most electrical job is unlawful unless it is finished by a certified electrician. There are numerous jobs entailing electrical solutions around your home that call for the hire of an electrician. Building Lots of electrical contractors are entailed with the structure industry and are employed to work with new houses. They will certainly set up all the required circuitry that will certainly bring power to your residence. They will fit light buttons as well as power outlets, attach the heating and cooling system to the power and install overhead lights. They are additionally utilized by building and construction companies and also service multi-store structures and any framework that needs power. Upkeep Another job of electrical contractors is maintenance. These electrical experts will certainly head out to houses as well as organisations as well as finish any repair services on electrical services. They will certainly also mount any kind of new solutions that you may call for, such as additional illumination or included power outlets. Electrical contractors are commonly called out to older houses when remodellings are being undertaken and additionally, as even more electrical home appliances are being used, including the extra power electrical outlets to manage these technological developments. Repairs The repairs an electrician might embark on include taking care of blown integrates, replacing any kind of loosened or harmful wiring, fixing lights and dealing with any security system issues in both homes as well as organisations. Heating and cooling down systems can damage down, as well as electrical contractors can be called out to repair white goods, such as cleaning machines, clothes dryers, fridges, freezes as well as other devices. Inspections Electrical experts will certainly frequently perform examinations of houses. People that are marketing their house hire an electrician to do an evaluation to update any type of problems and also enhance their possibility of a sale. Customers will send out in an electrician for the very same factor. When checking out buying a residence you are dealing with the unidentified in terms of any type of existing troubles. For the safety and security of on your own and also your household it is an excellent concept to have a specialist electrician do a check before you think about buying the residential or commercial property. If you do buy a house with electrical concerns after that you recognize what needs to be resolved prior to you move in. Do It Yourself You may be a little bit of a helpful male and do whatever on your own, but when it comes to electrical power you can not take the danger. With anything entailing real-time wires you would be placing on your own in jeopardy of serious injury and even death, so employ an expert as well as have the task done effectively. Electricians have the expertise and also the appropriate tools, so it is not worth trying to reduce costs by doing it on your own.
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