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jpitha · 2 years

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Allan was sitting hunched over at his desk, with a strong light shining on it. Acrid smoke curled up while he worked. He was concentrating so hard that he didn't hear Malmani come in.

"Hey Allan! Your door was open and-- Ancestors! What are you doing? What is that smell?" Malmani took two steps back and coughed.

Allan looked up, startled. "Oh, sorry, I didn't hear you come in Malmani. The smell? Oh, hold on a second, sorry." He flipped a switch next to his desk and a powerful fan over his desk started, and pulled the acrid smoke away. "I was trying to solder together this board and was concentrating so hard. These surface mount components are super tough to do on their own."

As the air cleared, Malmani was able to take a closer look. Eyes watering, she noticed that he had two little clamps on his desk and they were holding a thin wafer of green plastic with...small protrusions dotted all over it.

She flicked her ear and said "What are you making? It looks like a miniature city"

Allan looked down at the PCB and chuckled "Hah, it does, doesn't it? I'm trying to make a new kind of environmental sensor. The ones we have are really bulky and fail often." He realized that they were of K'laxi make and that he was talking to a K'laxi and quickly added "Er, sorry, I mean that I was thinking about the design while I was trying to repair one last week and started daydreaming about making it better."

"It's fine Allan, it's fine. I'm not insulted." Malmani thought for a moment. "At least, I don't think I'm insulted. I was just wondering what you were doing, and now I know. But why?"

"Like I said, the ones in place are bulky. I think I can make one that's more compact. Maybe even one that's more accurate. Plus, it's fun to do."

"Fun?"

"Sure! I like thinking about electronics and how they work and how you could optimize things and make it better."

"So Starbase didn't ask you to make it, you're just making it because you want to?"

"Yup. Starbase and I have been collaborating on the design though. They're letting me know what things they wish were easier to read."

"That's right Mal." Starbase chimed in "Allan was asking me about the environmental sensors, and I had mentioned how it's tough for me to get a holistic view of an area since the sensors don't talk to each other - just to me - so first thing he's doing is adding a local network connection. They should be able to talk to each other and send a more unified picture of what's going on."

Allan nodded "Yeah, see these bits right here?" He gestured with a small plastic stick. "These are the mesh networking components. They are what will let them talk to each other. We're also going to try a human sourced environmental sensor. We make ours a different way, and I think it'll be smaller and faster to refresh. I'm keeping a lot of the K'laxi wiring though, your resistors and capacitors are incredibly efficient. I've already requested a couple boxes of K'laxi components, I want to see how well they mesh with human ones."

Mal shook her head. "I can't get over how you're just designing a new component for Starbase just because. I don't think I would have ever thought to do that."

Allan shrugged. "It's just the way I'm wired I guess. I don't think it's a human-only thing. After all, K'laxi built the whole entire Starbase without us, you have to have your own people who like to tweak and tinker, right?"

Mal thought a moment. "There must be some K'laxi like that because you're right. But I don't know if it's as..." She struggled for word "...as prevalent as it is with Humans? Most of the time, once we have a solution that works, we leave it in place until we have a need for a change. Iterating just for iterations sake doesn't come as naturally to us."

Allan nodded. "Looking at the components in place, I can tell."

Mal flicked an ear.

"Er, I mean that a lot of the comments are perfectly good at doing their job, but they look like that once a workable solution was found people stopped. In a bunch of human components you come across solutions that are elegant, or ones that utilize as few components as possible, or solutions that are the cheapest they could be, things like that." Allan thought for a moment. "I wonder if it has to do with our world? Earth is a lot more dangerous than K'lax right? Maybe we are always trying to find an edge, because that would give us just a little bit more breathing room in case of a disaster."

"Huh Maybe. Anyway, I was coming in to remind you that this week it's your turn to buy the snacks for tonights board game."

"Oh! That's right, that is tonight. Starbase, I'll have to stop here and we can pick it up tomorrow after work okay? I'm almost ready to install the firmware and have you connect and tell me." He stopped "How it feels I guess?"

"That's fine Allan, I'll be here."

#humans are deathworlders #humans are space orcs #humans make things #humans are space capybaras #humans are space oddities #worldbuilding #writing #sci fi writing #humans and ai

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kalikai · 7 months

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I repaired this sick ass digital clock I got from a thrift store very cheaply a few years ago. It's just a floating LCD panel and I think it looks so frigging amazing. (Really makes me think of that cool Dutch YouTuber, Posy, and his love of LCD panels. (And I'm like "hell yeah!! There's so much beauty in the mundane!!! Just look how frigging cool this clock is!!"))

Anyhoo, it wasn't working when I got it. Probably why it was so cheap.

It has a little on/off switch on the back, but nothing would happen when you flipped it, but sometimes if you held its solar panel under a very bright light the clock would turn on

...for one second

before turning off again

and then back on again.

Very rhythmically.

So there was still some life left in the old girl... somewhere... 🤔

Unscrew the back of it and have a look see.

Discover a pair of circuit boards, one of which has a cr2032 coin cell clamped onto it. Hooray, a Vital Clue!

Fortunately, I have one of those batteries lying around. A second spare from when I replaced the batteries in some Digimon v-pets.

So I replace it.

Aaaaand nothing happens...

Next step: fully disassemble the clock to look for More Clues.

Discover that its LCD panel isn't wired in to anything. There's just a row of teeny tiny contacts along its base which press up against a matching row of teeny tiny contacts along its control board, held together by the frame of the clock and a kind of thin pink foam buffer ring around the contacts. Very cool!

(Like two mouths kissing but only one of them has any lips. 😆)

Examine the two circuit boards under a loup. Maybe there's a visibly-broken component!

(I hope there's a visibly-broken component, else I have to dig out my multimeter and start systematically testing them one by one)

(I hope there aren't any visibly-broken components. If it's the quartz crystal or one of the two capacitors, then I might be able to replace it, because those are regular-sized, through-hole, components; but if it's one of the surface-mount resistors then I'd have to scrap the whole clock, because I just don't have the tools, experience, or know-how to deal with those microscopic little guys... :/ )

There aren't any visibly-broken components. Phew, but also consternation, because now what?

But hmm, there are some teeeeny tiny white flecks of crusty residue here and there over the circuit boards... I guess the old battery must have leaked at some point?

I gently scrape them off with the tip of a very fine pair of tweezers and then reassemble the clock enough to test it.

(LCD panel & solar panel back into front-frame, control board back over them to hold them into place and make contact with the LCD; everything else [coin-cell daughterboard, piezo buzzer, and the user-input buttons] dangling free in the breeze Winnie-The-Pooh-style)

It turns on! It chirps out a happy little song of high-pitched beeps!! It blinks "12:00" at me!!!

I fully reassemble the clock with a song in my heart and set its time and date.

Goddamn this clock looks so cool. 🥰

#LCD clock #DIY #DIY mending

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hitechpcb · 8 months

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What is PCB Assembly ?

PCB Assembly manufacturer - Hitech Circuits Co., Limited

It’s the step in the manufacturing process in which you populate a blank board with the electronic components needed to make it into a functional printed circuit board. It’s these components that make a board into the circuit that enables an electronic product to function. PCB assembly typically takes place via one of two processes:

1. Surface-mount technology

SMT: SMT stands for “Surface Mount Technology“. The SMT components are very small sizes and comes in various packages like 0201, 0402, 0603, 1608 packages for resistors and capacitors. Similarly for Integrated circuits ICs we have SOIC, TSSOP, QFP and BGA.

The SMT components assembly is very difficult for human hands and can be time taking process so it is mostly done by automated pick and place machine.

2. Through-hole manufacturing

THT: THT stands for “Through hole Technology”. The components with leads and wires, like resistors, capacitors, inductors, PDIP ICs, transformers, transistors, IGBTs, MOSFETS are example.

The component has to be inserted on one side of PCB and pulled by leg on other side and cut the leg and solder it. The THT components assembly is usually done by hand soldering and is relatively easy.

Printed Circuit Board Assembly Techniques

There are only two common PCBA techniques available for use by a PCB designer. The methods are:

1. Automated PCB Assembly Techniques

Generally, this technique employs the use of state of the art machines, which are fully automatic. For example, the surface mount components are worth positioning with the aid of an automated pick and place machine.

Again, reflow soldering is commonly for surface mount components usually done in a reflow oven. An automated solder stencil is also used to apply the solder paste on the PCB.

Finally, high tech inspection machines are used to confirm and check the quality of the PCBA. Some of which include: Automated optical inspection machine (AOI), X-ray inspection machines, etc.

Above all, due to the precise monitoring, control of soldering, no human input and versatile machines.

This technique ensures utmost efficiency, output consistencies, and limits defects.

2. Manual PCB Assembly Techniques

This method is favorite for use with through-hole parts, which needs manual placement on the board. Besides, with these through-hole parts, it’s advisable you use wave soldering. Note that in the through- hole assembly process, you need to place the components and electronics on the PCB.

After that, you use wave soldering to solder the leads. Typically, you will need an individual to insert a component into a marked PTH. Once done, transfer the PCB to the next station where the next person will be on standby tasked with fixing another part.

What are the Benefits of SMT PCB Assembly?

SMT assembly provides many benefits and some of them are as follows:

It can be used to incorporate small components.

In SMT, the components can be placed on both sides of the board.

It assures high component densities.

Fewer holes need to be drilled for surface mounting than through-hole.

It require low initial costs and time for setting up the mass production.

SMT is the simpler and faster-automated assembly when compared to through-hole.

Errors regarding the component placement can be easily rectified.

Surface mount PCBs feature strong joints, which can easily withstand vibrations.

What are the techniques used in Surface Mount Technology?

There are several techniques for the reflow process. After applying the solder paste or a flux mixture on the board and after placing the components, the boards are conveyed to a reflow soldering oven. The techniques used for reflowing soldering include infrared lamps, hot gas convection, fluorocarbon liquids with a high boiling point, and so on.

What are the different testing methods used in SMT PCB Assembly?

Hitech Circuits as the PCB assembly manufacturer, we perform the following testing and inspection to ensure the quality of surface mount PCBs.

Automated Optical Inspection (AOI): This is performed before and after the soldering to identify the component placement, presence, and solder quality.

X-ray Testing: In this type of testing, the operator relies on the X-ray images of the PCB to check the solder joints and lead-less components such as Quad Flat Packs and ball grid arrays, which are generally not visible to naked eyes.

In-Circuit Testing (ICT): This method is used to detect manufacturing defects by testing the electrical properties in the SMT Assembly.

What type of files or documents should I send for SMT PCB Assembly?

Gerber Files: The file contains all details of physical board layers including solder masks, copper layers, drill data, legends, and so on.

Bill of Materials (BOM): This contains information on the list of items needed for the PCB manufacturing and the instructions of manufacturing.

Pick and Place File: This file contains information on all components to be used in the PCB design and their rotation and X-Y coordinates.

The whole process of PCB Assembly

1. Bare board loader machine

The first step in the PCB assembly is to arrange the bare boards on the rack, and the machine will automatically send the boards one by one into the SMT assembly line.

2. Printing solder paste

When PCB on the SMT production line, firstly, we have to print solder paste on it, and the solder paste will be printed on the pads of the PCB. These solder pastes will be melt and solder the electronic parts to the circuit board when it passes through the high-temperature reflow oven.

In addition, when testing new products, some people will use film board/adhesive cardboard instead of solder paste, which can increase the efficiency for adjusting the SMT machines.

3. Solder paste inspection machine(SPI)

Since the quality of solder paste printing is related to the quality of welding of subsequent parts, some SMT factories will use optical machine to check the quality of solder paste after printed the solder paste in order to ensure stable quality. If there any poorly printed solder paste board, we will wash off the solder paste on it and reprint, or remove the excess solder paste if there is redundant solder paste on it.

4. High speed SMT machine

Usually, we will put some small electronic parts (such as small resistors, capacitors, and inductors) to be printed on the circuit board first, and these parts will be slightly stuck by the solder paste just printed on the circuit board, so even if the speed of printing is very fast and the parts on the board will not fall away. But large parts are not suitable for use in such high speed SMT machines, which will slow down the speed of small parts assembly. And the parts will be shifted from the original position due to the rapid movement of the board.

5. Universal SMT machine

Universal SMT machine is also known as "slow machine", it will be assembled some large electronic components, such as BGA IC, connectors, etc., these parts need more accurate positions, so the alignment is very important. Use a camera to take a picture to confirm the position of the parts, so the speed is much slower than High speed SMT machine we taked before. Due to the size of the components here, not all of them are packed in tape and reel, and some may be packed in trays or tubes. But if you want the SMT machine to recognize the trays or tube-shaped packaging materials, you must configure an additional machine.

Generally, traditional SMT machines are using the principle of suction to move electronic parts, and in order to place the parts successfully, and there must be the flat surface on these electronic components for the suction nozzle of the SMT machine to absorb. However, for some electronic parts don’t have a flat surface for these machines, and it is necessary to order special nozzles for these special-shaped parts, or add a flat tape on the parts, or wear a flat cap for thees electronic parts.

6. Manual parts or visual inspection

After assembled all parts by the high speed SMT machine or Universal SMT machine and before going through the high-temperature reflow oven, and we will set up a visual inspection station here and to pick out the deviation parts or missing components boards etc., because we have to use a soldering iron to repair if there are still defectives boards after passing the high-temperature oven, which will affect the quality of the product and will also increase the cost. in addition, for some larger electronic parts or traditional DIP parts or some special reasons cannot be processed by the SMT machine before, they will be manually placed on pcb here.

7. Reflow oven

The purpose of reflow oven is to melt the solder paste and form a non-metallic compound on the component feet and the circuit board, that means to solder electronic components on the circuit board. The temperature rise and fall curves often affect the soldering quality of the entire circuit board. According to the characteristics of the solder materials, usually the reflow oven will set the preheating zone, soaking zone, reflow zone, and cooling zone to achieve the best soldering effect.

For example, the melting point for SAC305 solder paste with lead-free is about 217°C, which means that the temperature of the reflow oven must be higher than the melting points to remelt the solder paste. What's more, the maximum temperature in the reflow furnace should not exceed 250°C, otherwise many parts will be deformed or melted because they cannot withstand such a high temperature.

Basically, after the pcb passed through the reflow oven, the assembly for the entire circuit board is almost complete. If there are hand-soldered parts, we need to transfer to DIP process, and then we have to check the quality after reflow oven by QC department.

8. Automatic optical inspection(AOI)

The main purpose of setting up AOI is because some high density boards can’t be process the following ICT test, so we used AOI inspection to replace it. But even using AOI inspections, there still have the blind spots for such checking, for example, the solder pads under the components cannot be checked by AOI. At present, it can only check whether the parts have side standing issue, missing parts, displacement, polarity direction, solder bridges, lack of soldering etc., but cannot checking the BGA solderability, resistance value, capacitance value, inductance value and other components quality, so far AOI inspection can’t completely replace ICT test.

Therefore, there is still some risk if only AOI inspection is used to replace ICT testing, but ICT test is also not 100% make sure the good quality, we suggest these two ways can be combined with together to make sure the good quality.

9. PCB unloader machine

After the board is fully assembled, it will be retracted to the unloder machine, which has been designed to allow the SMT machine to automatically pick and place the board without damaging the quality for PCB.

10. Visual inspection for finished products

Normally there will be a visual inspection area in our SMT production line whether there is an AOI station or not, and it will help to check if there are any defectives after completed assembled the pcbs. If there is an AOI station, it can reduce the visual inspection worker on our SMT line, and to reduce the potential cost, and because it is still necessary to check some places that cannot be judged by AOI, many SMT factories will provide the mainly visual inspection templates at this station, which is convenient for visual inspection worker to inspect some key parts and polarity for components.

11. DIP process

DIP process is a very important process in the whole PCBA processing, and the processing quality will directly affect the functional for PCBA boards, so it is necessary to pay more attention to the DIP process. There are many preliminary preparations for DIP process. The basic process is to re-process the electronic components first, like to cut the extra pins for some DIP components, our staff received the components according to the BOM list, and will check whether the material part numbers and specifications are correct or not, and performs pre-production pre-processing according to the PCBA samples. The steps are: Use various related equipment (automatic capacitor pins cutting machine, jumper bending machine, diode and triode automatic forming machine, automatic belt forming machine and other machines) for processing.

12. ICT test

Printed Circuit board open/short circuit test (ICT, In-Circuit Test), The purpose of ICT test is mainly to test whether the components and circuits on the printed circuit board are open or short issues. It can also measure the basic characteristics of most components, such as resistance, capacitance, and inductance values to judge whether the functions of these parts are damaged, wrong parts or missing parts etc. after passing through the high-temperature reflow oven.

ICT test machines are divided into advanced and basic machines. The basic ICT test machines are generally called MDA (Manufacturing Defect Analyzer). It’s just to measure the basic characteristics of electronic components and judge open and short circuits issue we talked above.

In addition to all the functions of the basic ICT test machines, for advanced ICT test machine can also test the whole PCBA by using power, start to testing the PCBA boards by setting the program in the test machine. The advantage is that it can simulate the function of the printed circuit board under the actual power-on condition, this test can partly replace the following functional test machine (Function Test). But the cost for the test fixture of this advanced ICT test can probably buy a car, it’s too expensive and we suggest it can be used in mass production products.

13. PCBA function test

Functional testing is to make up for the ICT test, because ICT only tests the open and short circuits on the the PCBA board, and other functions such as BGA and other fuctions are not tested, so it is necessary to use a functional testing machine to test all functions on the whole PCBA board.

14. Cutting board (assembly board de-panel)

Normally, printed circuit boards will be produced in panel, and it will be assembled to increase the efficiency of SMT production. It means several single boards in one panel, such as two-in-one, four-in-one etc. After finished all the pcb assembly process, it needs to be cut into single boards, and for some printed circuit boards with only single boards also need to cut off some redundant board edges.

There are several ways to cut the printed circuit board. You can design the V-cut using the blade cutting machine (Scoring) or directly manually break off the board (not recommended). For more high density circuit boards, it will be used the professional splitting machine or the router to split the board without any damage the electronic components and printed circuit boards, but the cost and working hours will be a little longer.

Why Choose Hitech Circuits PCB Assembly Manufacturer for Your PCB Assembly Projects?

There are several PCB manufacturers specializing in PCB assemblyservices. However, Hitech Circuits PCB Assembly stands out owing to the following:

Assistance in Material Procurement:

Technically, in PCB assembly services, the quality of parts is the responsibility of the OEM; however, we ease your job by assisting you to make the right selection. We can help you procure all your parts of the same type own a single part number, thanks to our supply chain and vendor network as well as experience. This saves time and cost that goes in ordering single parts as you plan.

Testing procedures:

We are very focused on quality and thus implement stringent testing procedures at each stage of the assembly and after completion.

Fast Turnaround Times:

Our well-equipped facility and the right tools enable us to complete your requirements well before time, and without compromising on the quality or functioning of the PCBs. For simple designs we revert in 24 to 48 hours.

Cost Effectiveness:

While PCB assembly is a cost-effective alternative, we go a step further and assure that the parts you list are of a good quality and suitable for your requirement. Also, you can control the part flow and replenish them as needed. This eliminates the need to buy extra stock and store it.

Quick Quote:

We offer a quick quote based on your BOM. All you need is a detailed BOM, Gerber files, your application requirement sheet, and quantity.

We’re not one to stand still, which is why we use the latest equipment and the finest minds to create your PCB projects. We’re constantly keeping our finger on the pulse of the latest trends. And as a result, we know how to deliver the highest standards of PCB assembly to meet all your requirements.

Our dedicated, friendly customer service team also means that we support you every step of the way. Offering our expert guidance to ensure a complete PCB project that you’re happy with.

No matter what your printed circuit board assemblyneeds are, we always aim to deliver efficient, dependable solutions. For more information about our services, do not hesitate to get in touch with us today for a no-obligation quote

#pcb assembly #pcb manufacturer #pcb fabrication #pcba factory

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amy-hitechpcb · 8 months

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SMT production line in China

Explore the singularity of advanced technology with Hitech Circuits' SMT (Surface Mount Technology) production line, taking you into the future of manufacturing. This stunning image showcases our efficient, precise, and automated production process. Each machine is meticulously designed to ensure maximum efficiency and quality. Operators work at modern control consoles, monitoring the entire production process to ensure product consistency and accuracy.

Our SMT production line employs state-of-the-art technology to handle a variety of complex electronic components, including microchips, resistors, capacitors, and connectors. Through precise automated assembly and soldering techniques, we achieve high-density, high-speed, and high-quality production. Whether it's large-scale manufacturing or customized requirements, we can meet your needs.

At Hitech Circuits, we are committed to continuous innovation and excellence. Our SMT production line offers not only high flexibility and scalability but also intelligent automation features to enhance production efficiency and reduce the risk of human errors. Our team possesses extensive experience and expertise to provide you with top-notch electronic manufacturing solutions.

Step into the future of manufacturing with Hitech Circuits and experience the power of cutting-edge SMT technology.

https://www.hitechpcba.com

Call: +86 13302435080

Email: [email protected]

#pcb assembly #pcb #pcb layout #pcb designer #pcb production #pcb manufacturing #pcb supplier #hdi pcb

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indeenterprises · 11 months

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Smart Tweezers ST5S vs. Conventional Multimeter: A Smarter Choice

Smart Tweezers ST5S and conventional multimeters are both essential tools for electronic testing and troubleshooting. However, they differ significantly in terms of functionality and ease of use.

Smart Tweezers ST5S:

All-in-One Design: Smart Tweezers combine a set of high-precision SMD probes and a digital multimeter into a single handheld device. This streamlined design simplifies testing and eliminates the need for separate probes and multimeters.

Automatic Component Identification: One of the standout features of Smart Tweezers is their ability to automatically identify and evaluate SMD components. This saves time and reduces the risk of human error. The device can recognize resistors, capacitors, and inductors.

Ergonomic and Portable: Smart Tweezers are easy to handle and operate with one hand. Their lightweight and ergonomic design make them a preferred choice for professionals and hobbyists alike.

Real-Time Measurement: These tweezers provide real-time measurements, allowing users to monitor changes in component values as they troubleshoot. There's no need to disconnect and reconnect probes repeatedly.

LCD Display: Smart Tweezers feature a clear LCD display that shows component values and measurement results. It's easy to read and interpret, even in low-light conditions.

Conventional Multimeter:

Multiple Components: A conventional multimeter typically consists of separate probes and a central unit. It can measure a wide range of electrical parameters, including voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, and more.

Manual Range Selection: Conventional multimeters often require users to manually select the appropriate measurement range and function. This can be time-consuming, especially when testing various components.

Limited SMD Testing: While multimeters are versatile, they are less suitable for testing surface mount devices (SMDs) without the use of additional adapters or fixtures. This can add complexity to SMD troubleshooting.

Complex Readings: Interpreting multimeter readings can be challenging, especially for beginners. Users must understand the correct units, ranges, and measurement modes.

In summary, Smart Tweezers ST5S are a specialized tool tailored for SMD component testing, offering automatic identification and real-time measurements in a compact and user-friendly form. They are ideal for users who frequently work with SMDs. On the other hand, conventional multimeters are versatile devices suitable for a wide range of electrical measurements but may require additional tools for SMD testing.

The choice between the two depends on your specific needs and the types of components you regularly work with.

Quotation & Enquiries:

Contacts: Rajiv & Romesh Cellphones: 9316134502 & 8283820745 Email: [email protected] Alternative Email: [email protected]

#smarttweezers #multimeter #makeinindia #lcrmeter #lcr #lc rp #soldering station #repair #tools

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cesgates-blog · 3 days

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Understanding PCB Assembly and Its Importance in Electronics

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the backbone of most modern electronic devices. PCB assembly involves mounting various electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and ICs onto a blank PCB to create functional circuits. The assembly process requires precision, using techniques like surface mount technology (SMT) and through-hole assembly. Each method depends on the device's requirements, ensuring the final product is durable and reliable. Choosing the right assembly process is essential for performance and quality in electronics.

#pcb assembly #pcb china

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circuitcardassembly · 4 days

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Optimized SMT Circuit Board and PCB Assembly Manufacturing: A Guide to Modern Electronics Production

In the ever-evolving world of hardware, the SMT (Surface Mount Technology) circuit board and PCB (Printed Circuit Board) assembly fabricating forms have gotten to be progressively vital. These advances not as it were empower the creation of smooth, compact, and high-performance electronic gadgets but moreover play an imperative part in the victory of different businesses, from shopper hardware to aviation and beyond.

Understanding the SMT Circuit Board Manufacturing Process

The SMT circuit board fabricating prepare includes the situation and fastening of electronic components specifically onto the surface of a printed circuit board. This approach offers a few focal points over conventional through-hole innovation, including:

1. Miniaturization: SMT components are by and large littler and more compact than their through-hole partners, permitting for the creation of littler and more lightweight electronic devices.

2. Increased Productivity: The robotized pick-and-place machines utilized in SMT fabricating can collect components on a circuit board much quicker than manual patching, moving forward generation efficiency.

3. Enhanced Unwavering quality: The patch joints in SMT gatherings are regularly more dependable and less inclined to disappointment than those in through-hole designs.

4. Cost Investment funds: SMT fabricating frequently decreases the in general fetched of electronic components and congregations, making them more open to a more extensive run of businesses and consumers.

The PCB Assembly Manufacturing Process

The PCB Assembly Manufacturing includes the integration of different electronic components onto a printed circuit board to make a useful electronic gadget. This prepare ordinarily incorporates the taking after steps:

1. PCB Manufacture: The to begin with step is the generation of the printed circuit board itself, which includes the creation of copper follows, cushions, and other highlights on a non-conductive substrate, such as fiberglass or ceramic.

2. Component Situation: Once the PCB is manufactured, electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, coordinates circuits, and connectors, are put onto the board utilizing computerized pick-and-place machines or manual assembly methods.

3. Soldering: After the components are set, they are fastened onto the PCB utilizing procedures like wave patching, reflow patching, or specific fastening, depending on the particular necessities of the assembly.

4. Inspection and Testing: The amassed PCB is at that point assessed and tried to guarantee that all components are legitimately associated, and the circuit is working as intended.

5. Finishing Forms: Depending on the application, the PCB may experience extra wrapping up forms, such as conformal coating, embodiment, or the expansion of warm sinks or shielding.

The Significance of SMT Circuit Board andPCB Assembly Manufacturing

The SMT Circuit Board and PCB assemblyfabricating forms are basic for the generation of a wide run of electronic gadgets, from shopper hardware to mechanical hardware and past. These advances empower the creation of compact, lightweight, and profoundly solid electronic components and congregations, which are basic for assembly the ever-increasing request for progressed, feature-rich electronic devices.

Furthermore, the SMT circuit board and PCB gathering fabricating forms play a pivotal part in the competitiveness of different businesses, as they permit for the quick and cost-effective generation of electronic items. This, in turn, leads to progressed time-to-market, diminished fabricating costs, and upgraded item quality, all of which are basic for keeping up a competitive edge in today's worldwide marketplace.

Conclusion

The SMT circuit board and PCB assemblyfabricating forms are at the heart of the advanced gadgets industry, empowering the creation of imaginative and mechanically progressed items that proceed to change our world. By understanding the complexities and benefits of these forms, producers and originators can use these advances to make items that are not as it were outwardly engaging and profoundly useful but too cost-effective and dependable.

#PCB Assembly Manufacturing #SMT Circuit Board

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hitech-pcba · 2 months

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PCB Assembly, PCB Manufacturing & Electronic Assembly service & electronics manufacturing company – Hitech Circuits Co., Limited

[email protected]

As leading one-stop PCB Assembly services provider in China, Hitech Group offers high quality, cost effective, express PCB board products and provides PCB manufacturing, electronics assembly manufacturing, components sourcing, Box build assembly and PCBA testing services for our customers.

For low volume PCB assembly projects, our quick turn PCB assembly delivery time goes from 8 hours to 48 hours when components are ready.

No matter you are an electrical engineer, a product designer, a system integrator or a maker looking for PCB fabrication and PCB assembly, or PCB manufacturing and assembly, or electronic assembly services (electronic PCB assembly) ,or a low cost PCB assembly house, Hitech Circuits PCB assembly team will be your perfect PCB assembly house in China.

What is PCB Assembly?

1. Surface-mount technology

The SMT components assembly is very difficult for human hands and can be time taking process so it is mostly done by automated pick and place machine.

2. Through-hole manufacturing

THT: THT stands for “Through hole Technology”. The components with leads and wires, like resistors, capacitors, inductors, PDIP ICs, transformers, transistors, IGBTs, MOSFETS are example.

Why Choose Hitech Circuits PCB Assembly Manufacturer for Your PCB Assembly Projects?

There are several PCB manufacturers specializing in PCB assemblyservices. However, Hitech Circuits PCB Assembly stands out owing to the following:

Assistance in Material Procurement:

Testing procedures:

We are very focused on quality and thus implement stringent testing procedures at each stage of the assembly and after completion.

Fast Turnaround Times:

Cost Effectiveness:

Quick Quote:

We offer a quick quote based on your BOM. All you need is a detailed BOM, Gerber files, your application requirement sheet, and quantity.

Our dedicated, friendly customer service team also means that we support you every step of the way. Offering our expert guidance to ensure a complete PCB project that you’re happy with.

#pcba #pcba manufacturing #aluminium pcb #pcb assembly #ceramic pcb #heavy copper pcb #pcb

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cynthia-hitechpcba · 2 months

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Component description of PCBA patch processing

PCBA patch processing mainly includes two major processes: PCB circuit board production and SMT patch processing. Electronic components are indispensable in the process. Electronic components are the basic part of PCBA patch processing and an important factor affecting the performance and quality of PCBA finished products. So what are the commonly used electronic components for PCBA patch processing?

1. Resistor

Resistors are electronic components with resistance characteristics and are one of the most widely used components in PCBA processing. Resistors are divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors (potentiometers), which play the role of voltage division, current division and current limiting in the circuit.

2. Capacitors

Capacitors are also one of the basic components in PCBA processing. They are components that store electrical energy and play the role of coupling, filtering, DC isolation and tuning in electronic circuits.

3. Inductor coils

Inductor coils are referred to as inductors and have the function of storing magnetic energy. Inductor coils are usually composed of skeletons, windings, shielding covers, magnetic cores, etc.

4. Potentiometers

Resistors with variable resistance values, that is, resistors that can be continuously adjusted within a specified range, are called potentiometers. The potentiometer consists of a housing, a sliding end, a rotating shaft, a ring resistor and three lead-out terminals.

5. Transformer

The transformer consists of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. The coil has two or more windings, of which the winding connected to the power supply is called the primary coil, and the remaining windings are called the secondary coil.

The transformer is a device that converts voltage, current and impedance. When an AC current flows through the primary coil, an AC magnetic flux is generated in the iron core (or magnetic core), causing a voltage (or current) to be induced in the secondary coil. The transformer is mainly used for AC voltage conversion, current conversion, power transmission, impedance conversion and buffer isolation, etc. It is one of the indispensable important components in the PCBA machine.

6. Crystal diode

The crystal diode (i.e. semiconductor diode, hereinafter referred to as diode) is made of a PN junction, electrode leads and an external sealed tube shell, and it has a unidirectional conductive characteristic.

7. Crystal triode

The crystal triode (hereinafter referred to as triode) is the core device for signal amplification and processing, and is widely used in PCBA machines.

8. Field Effect Transistor

Field effect transistor (FET for short) is also a semiconductor device with PN junction. Unlike triode, it does not use the conductive property of PN junction, but its insulating property.

9. Electroacoustic Device

The device used to complete the conversion between electrical signal and sound signal in the circuit is called electroacoustic device. There are many types of it, including speakers, microphones, headphones (or earplugs), transmitters, receivers, etc.

10. Photoelectric Device

Photoconductive devices that work with the photosensitive properties of semiconductors, photovoltaic cells and semiconductor light-emitting devices that work with semiconductor photovoltaics are collectively referred to as photoelectric devices.

11. Display Device

Electronic display device refers to a photoelectric conversion device that converts electrical signals into optical signals, that is, a device used to display numbers, symbols, text or images. It is a key component of electronic display devices and has a great impact on the performance of display devices.

12. Sensor

The sensor can sense the specified measured value and convert it into a usable signal according to a certain rule. It is usually composed of a sensitive element and a conversion element.

13. Surface Mount Components

Surface mount components (SMC and SMD) are also called patch components or chip components. They include resistors, capacitors, inductors and semiconductor devices, etc. They have the characteristics of small size, light weight, no leads or very short leads, high installation density, high reliability, good vibration resistance, and easy automation.

14. Thyristor

SCR, short for silicon-controlled rectifier, is a high-power semiconductor device with a four-layer structure of three PN junctions, also known as thyristor. It has the characteristics of small size, relatively simple structure and strong functions, and is one of the more commonly used semiconductor devices.

15. Switches, relays, and various connectors

Switches are used to cut off, connect or convert circuits in electronic equipment. Relays are automatic control devices that will change the output in a jumpy manner when the input quantity (electricity, magnetism, sound, light, heat) reaches a certain value.

If you have interest in our service, please feel freely contact Cynthia at [email protected] & 86 18126197150.

#led pcb #pcb assembly #pcb manufacturer

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smtfeeder · 2 months

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Streamlining PCB Assembly: The Efficiency of Yamaha Feeders

In the fast-paced world of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) assembly, efficiency and precision are paramount. Yamaha feeders have established themselves as essential components in the industry, known for their reliability, speed, and accuracy. These feeders are integral to Yamaha's SMT (Surface Mount Technology) machines, facilitating the smooth and efficient placement of electronic components.

Yamaha feeders are designed to handle a variety of component sizes and types, ranging from tiny resistors and capacitors to larger ICs (Integrated Circuits). Their versatility is one of their standout features, allowing manufacturers to use the same feeder across different production lines and product types. This flexibility is crucial for businesses that require quick changeovers and minimal downtime, enabling them to maintain high productivity levels.

One of the key benefits of Yamaha feeders is their precision engineering. They ensure accurate component feeding and placement, which is vital for maintaining the quality and reliability of electronic assemblies. The feeders are equipped with advanced mechanisms that reduce misfeeds and component jams, leading to higher yields and less waste. This precision helps in achieving consistent results, which is particularly important in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics, where even minor defects can have significant consequences.

Yamaha feeders also contribute to the overall efficiency of the assembly process. They are designed for easy setup and maintenance, with features such as quick-change reels and intuitive adjustment mechanisms. This user-friendly design reduces the time needed for setup and maintenance, allowing operators to focus on maximizing production throughput. Additionally, Yamaha feeders are built to last, with robust construction that withstands the rigors of high-volume production environments.

Moreover, Yamaha continuously innovates to improve the functionality of their feeders. The introduction of smart feeders, equipped with sensors and software for real-time monitoring and feedback, exemplifies Yamaha's commitment to advancing SMT technology. These smart feeders provide valuable data that can be used to optimize the assembly process, reduce errors, and improve overall efficiency.

In conclusion, Yamaha feeders are indispensable tools in the PCB assembly process, offering unmatched reliability, precision, and efficiency. Their versatility, user-friendly design, and durability make them a preferred choice for manufacturers aiming to streamline their operations and produce high-quality electronic assemblies. As technology evolves, Yamaha feeders will continue to play a critical role in the advancement of SMT and PCB assembly processes.

#used smt equipment #used smt machine #yamaha feeder #yamaha nozzle #yamaha smt

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megapluspcbusa · 2 months

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Unraveling the World of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs)

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the backbone of modern electronics, enabling the seamless integration of electronic components into a compact and efficient system. In this blog post, we'll take a closer look at PCBs, exploring their importance, construction, types, and applications.

Understanding Printed Circuit Boards: Printed Circuit Boards

1. Importance of PCBs: Printed Circuit Boards

PCBs serve as the fundamental building blocks of electronic devices, providing a platform for connecting and mounting electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and integrated circuits. They offer a reliable and efficient means of interconnecting components while minimizing space and maximizing functionality.

2. Construction of PCBs: Printed Circuit Boards

Substrate: The base material of a PCB, often made of fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin (FR4), provides mechanical support and electrical insulation.

Copper Layers: Thin layers of copper foil are bonded to the substrate, forming conductive traces that carry electrical signals between components.

Solder Mask: A protective layer of solder mask is applied to the surface of the PCB, covering the copper traces and preventing oxidation.

Silkscreen: Component designators, logos, and other information are printed onto the PCB using a silkscreen layer.

3. Types of PCBs: Printed Circuit Boards

Single-Sided PCBs: Consist of a single layer of copper traces on one side of the substrate, suitable for simple electronic applications.

Double-Sided PCBs: Feature copper traces on both sides of the substrate, allowing for more complex circuitry and higher component density.

Multilayer PCBs: Utilize multiple layers of copper traces interconnected by vias, offering enhanced functionality, signal integrity, and noise immunity.

4. Applications of PCBs: Printed Circuit Boards

Consumer Electronics: PCBs are ubiquitous in consumer electronics such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and digital cameras.

Industrial Equipment: PCBs are essential components of industrial machinery, control systems, and automation equipment.

Automotive Electronics: PCBs play a vital role in automotive applications, including engine control units (ECUs), infotainment systems, and dashboard displays.

Medical Devices: PCBs are used in medical devices such as MRI machines, patient monitors, and diagnostic equipment.

Conclusion: Printed Circuit Boards

Printed Circuit Boards are the foundation of modern electronics, enabling the seamless integration of electronic components into a wide range of devices and systems. By understanding the construction, types, and applications of PCBs, designers and engineers can leverage this essential technology to create innovative and reliable electronic products that power our interconnected world. Whether you're building a smartphone, a medical device, or an industrial control system, PCBs are the key to unlocking endless possibilities in the world of electronics

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usapcbpowermarket · 3 months

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SMD Component Package Sizes: A Comprehensive Guide

One of the most crucial things you come across when you get deeply into the production of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) is surface mount device (SMD) parts. Surface-mount devices (SMDs) are a necessary parts of modern electronics because of their efficiency, small size, and simplicity of automation in assembly. Therefore, a detailed understanding of SMD packages components is crucial.

This blog will walk you through the SMD component's packages sizes, compatibility and how this can impact your PCB designs.

Why Package Size Matters

There are multiple components of your PCB that are affected directly by the SMD package size:

Board Space: As the components and packages size have been reduced significantly in recent days, more components can be adjusted and assembled onto the restricted board surface.

Assembly Efficiency: The assembly machines, which are designed to pick and place, can handle larger packages more quickly, which reduces the assembly and material handling time and production cost on assembly.

Performance: The heat dissipation capability is directly proportionate with the packages size. Therefore, bigger packages offer better heat management for components with a lot of power.

Cost: Due to larger packages, faster assembly and less material usage is possible, the overall cost can be reduced.

Navigating SMD Package Sizes

A few typical types of SMD package sizes are listed below:

Capacitors and Resistors: These passive parts are available in the most varied sizes. For high-density boards, there's the popular "0201" (0.6 mm x 0.3 mm) and the bigger "1206" (3.2 mm × 1.6 mm) for improved handling and power dissipation.

Inductors: The inductance value and current rating determine the size of the SMD inductor. For low-profile uses, go with a smaller alternative such as a "0402" (1.0 mm x 0.5 mm), while for higher inductance requirements, go with a bigger "1210" (3.2 mm × 2.5 mm) box.

Diodes and transistors: These active components commonly use the SOT package family. A bigger "SOT-223" (6.7 mm x 3.7 mm) is appropriate for higher power applications, while the more popular "SOT-23" (2.9 mm × 2.4 mm) strikes a nice compromise between size and functionality.

Integrated Circuits: The sizes and forms of IC packages are extremely varied. For high-density connections, common solutions include the Quad Flat Pack (QFP) with square leads on both sides, the Small Outline Integrated Circuit (SOIC) with gull-wing leads, and the Ball Grid Array (BGA) with solder balls underneath the package.

Below table will give you a comprehensive comparison (Ref-1 & Ref-2).

Selecting the Right SMD Package Size:

Choosing the optimal SMD package size involves a delicate balance between various factors:

Board Space Constraints: Minimalist components, such as "0201" resistors or "SOT-23" transistors, are ideal when board space is limited. Nevertheless, make sure that these little parts can be reliably handled.

Performance Requirements: To improve heat dissipation performance, select larger packages such as "SOT-223" transistors or "1206" resistors for high-power components.

Manufacturability: You need to think about how well you do the assembly design. In the case of smaller packages, the cost depends on the expertise and tooling requirements for manufacturing. It is essential to balance miniaturization and efficient assembly.

Even though you want to use smaller components and packages, make sure about the easy availability of the components. Otherwise, your supplier will find it hard to meet the delivery timeline. Moreover, if you want to keep production on schedule, it is a wise decision to use easily accessible packages with larger sizes.

Get in touch with the PCB Power if you have questions. Our assembly capabilities and team of experts will give their insightful recommendations.

Advanced SMD packages

The world of SMD packages extends beyond basic rectangular shapes. Here's a glimpse into some advanced options:

Leadless Chip Carrier (LCCC): A leadless chip carrier (LCCC) is a rectangular or square packages that has solder bumps on the bottom for connections with a high density.

Ball Grid Array (BGA): By arranging solder balls beneath the whole device, Ball Grid Array (BGA) provides even greater density and superior electrical performance. Nevertheless, specialized assembly procedures are necessary for BGAs.

Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN): Compared to BGA, Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) has better mechanical stability thanks to leads that extend from each of the four corners.

Although they necessitate sophisticated assembly methods and meticulous design, these advanced packages are perfect for space-constrained high-performance devices.

Final Words:

Knowing the sizes of SMD packages can help you make better decisions about PCB design, component sourcing, and assembly. It takes considerable thought to balance space constraints, performance needs, manufacturability, and component availability when selecting the ideal package size for your project. Keeping open lines of communication with your PCB manufacturer and component suppliers is essential to ensure an efficient and effective PCB assembly process.

Ref-1: - Electronics Notes

Ref-2: Zaxis

Read More:- SMD Component Package Sizes: A Comprehensive Guide

#pcb board manufacturer #pcb manufacturing in usa #pcb manufacturing companies

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gtsmt · 3 months

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The Evolution and Importance of SMT Assembly Machines

In the fast-paced world of electronics manufacturing, the efficiency and precision of Surface Mount Technology (SMT) assembly machines play a pivotal role. These machines are essential in the production of electronic devices, ensuring components are accurately placed on printed circuit boards (PCBs). SMT Assembly Machine The SMT assembly machine industry has seen significant advancements over the years, enhancing production speed, accuracy, and reliability.

The Core of Modern Electronics Manufacturing

SMT assembly machines are integral to the creation of modern electronic devices. Unlike traditional through-hole technology, which involves inserting components into drilled holes on a PCB, SMT allows components to be mounted directly onto the surface of the board. This method significantly increases manufacturing efficiency and allows for the production of more compact and complex electronic devices.

Key Features and Benefits

Precision and Accuracy: One of the standout features of modern SMT assembly machines is their ability to place components with remarkable precision. Advanced vision systems and automated optical inspection (AOI) ensure that components are correctly positioned, which is crucial for the functionality of electronic devices.

High-Speed Production: SMT assembly machines are designed for high-speed operation, capable of placing thousands of components per hour. This rapid production capability is essential for meeting the demands of large-scale electronics manufacturing.

Flexibility: These machines are versatile, capable of handling a wide range of components, from tiny resistors and capacitors to larger integrated circuits. This flexibility is crucial for manufacturers who produce a variety of electronic products.

Reduced Manufacturing Costs: By automating the component placement process, SMT assembly machines significantly reduce labor costs and minimize the risk of human error. This automation leads to higher yields and lower production costs.

The Role of AOI Machines in SMT Assembly

Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) machines are a critical component of the SMT assembly process. They use cameras and image processing software to inspect PCBs for defects such as missing, misaligned, or incorrect components. AOI machines help ensure the quality and reliability of electronic products by identifying and addressing issues early in the production process.

GTSMT offers state-of-the-art AOI machines designed to integrate seamlessly with SMT assembly lines. These machines provide real-time inspection and feedback, enabling manufacturers to maintain high standards of quality control.

Advancements in SMT Assembly Technology

The SMT assembly industry continues to evolve, with ongoing advancements aimed at improving efficiency and accuracy. Innovations such as 3D AOI systems, which provide more comprehensive inspection capabilities, and advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence, are set to revolutionize the industry.

Manufacturers are increasingly adopting these technologies to stay competitive in a market that demands ever-higher levels of precision and efficiency. As electronic devices become more complex and compact, the importance of cutting-edge SMT assembly machines and AOI systems will only continue to grow.

Conclusion

SMT assembly machines are at the heart of modern electronics manufacturing, enabling the production of high-quality, reliable electronic devices. With their precision, speed, and flexibility, these machines have transformed the industry, SMT Assembly Machine making it possible to meet the demands of a technology-driven world. As advancements in SMT and AOI technology continue, manufacturers can look forward to even greater levels of efficiency and quality in their production processes.

For more information about state-of-the-art AOI machines and their integration into SMT assembly lines, visit GTSMT.

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