#shipping to bolivia

[goodthings777]

You can't break a woman who gets her strength from God. Amen!

[darodugo]

Bolivia x Australia / commission art! 💗

COMMISSIONS OPEN! : https://darodugocommissionsenglish.carrd.co/

[sheila--e]

bro I'm so tired. Giorno may not be this bishojo boy but he's not this manipulative figure either he's FIFTEEN!!!! STARTS SHAKING THE ROOM VIOLENTLY WITH MY MIND.

[leroibobo]

The 1900s and early 1910s had seen the foundation of many of the first international aid organisations and NGOs; in the aftermath of the First World War, and with the establishment of the League of Nations Health Organization, these organizations came into greater prominence. They were initially focused on delivering food to war-torn Europe but, as Europe became more prosperous, ‘world hunger’ shifted to be seen as a characteristically African and Asian problem. The realisation that malnutrition was a particular issue in the colonies created a political incentive for colonial powers to find a diagnosis that was not poverty or a simple lack of food: whereas impoverishment would seem to imply colonial maladministration, if the explanation was something specific to the cultures of colonised populations then colonial governance could not be to blame. From the late 1920s onwards, this led to the renewal of the belief that many African and East Asian cultures suffered from a mistaken under-valuing of meat and dairy. Compounded by reports of the ignorance of mothers about infant nutrition, low intake of animal-sourced foods supposedly resulted in widespread protein deficiency. An important part of this story was a study by J. L. Gilks, Director of Medical Services in Kenya, and John Boyd Orr, Director of the Rowett Research Institute in Aberdeen. This work, first published in the Lancet in 1927 and as a longer report in 1931, compared the diets of the Maasai and Kikuyu peoples in Kenya. The Kikuyu suffered from persistent public health problems (in particular widespread tropical ulcer, a bacterial disease associated with poverty in tropical climates) and had lower average height, weight and strength than the Maasai — this undermined their utility as a labour force. Gilks & Orr characterised the Kikuyu as living “almost exclusively on a cereal diet”, eating meat only for ceremonial reasons (“indicating possibly a physiological craving”), in contrast to the Maasai who lived “almost entirely on meat, milk and blood [...,] [an] exclusively protein diet”. They concluded that the difference in public health outcomes was due to the Kikuyu’s ‘vegetarian’ diet. In retrospect, it is clear that these were not accurate characterisations of the diets; in addition, Gilks & Orr wrongly assumed that they were observing longstanding food practices unchanged by colonisation. Nevertheless, over the 1930s, these findings were progressively projected and expanded to create an image of generalised cultural vegetarianism and consequent malnutrition among African agriculturalists. This contradicted the stereotype of the hunting, meat-eating ‘noble savage’ — an image intertwined with thinking about human evolution and attached in particular to the Maasai. Apparently, however, the cultural imagination was able to tolerate any resulting cognitive dissonance. The explanation of hunger as resulting from nutritional ignorance echoed domestic politics in wealthy countries. Throughout the 1920s and 30s, nutritional investigations and explanations put particular focus on newly- discovered vitamins and minerals. Often referred to as “protective foods”, these were the nutrients du jour in the way that protein had been in the late 19th century, and it was feared that they were particularly lacking in modern, processed diets. However, this advancing nutritional science also led to great optimism that problems of malnutrition could be fixed by changing practices rather than expending more resources: if a nutritionist could construct a hypothetical healthy diet containing all the necessary nutrients on a given budget, then money could not be the cause of dietary ill-health among the poor. 

The problem of poor nutrition among the urban poor was not only of interest to those engaged with industry and labour, but also to militaries—and thus there was also a military impetus behind the project of identifying protein requirements. During the Boer War of 1899-1902 the British military had struggled to find sufficiently tall and healthy recruits: 40-60% of would-be soldiers failed to meet the statutory height requirement (compared with around 10% in 1845) and this was suspected to be the result of poor nutrition in situations of urban poverty. A committee was set up to investigate, and the nutritional scientists they interviewed were confidently able to pinpoint the root of the problem: too little protein, especially meat and milk (although excessive drinking of overly-stewed tea was also considered a major worry). At the same time, it was feared that problems of public health might be a symptom of the “deterioration of the British race” instead of the result of poverty. The two explanations were intimately connected, since meat-eating in particular was increasingly understood as a site of racial difference and imperial superiority. Meat was believed to be necessary for bodily strength and was at least connotatively linked with desirable psychological traits like bravery and rationality; when it was found that certain populations (particularly in the US, Australia and Germany) had particularly high intakes of meat and that many Asian and African populations particularly low, this offered 19th century thinkers one possible explanation of imperial power and domination as a consequence of natural law (“the effeminate rice- eaters of India and China have again and again yielded to the superior moral courage of an infinitely smaller number of meat-eating Englishmen”). In India, distinctions were made between colonial subjects according to whether their traditional diets promoted ‘courage’ and ‘strength’. Rice in particular was condemned for its low protein content and wheat and lentils identified as preferable — but vegetarian diets of beans and grains were still fundamentally poverty diets compared with meat and milk.  The ‘ability’ to go without eating meat became a racialised symbol that could be weaponised in conflicts over labour and Asian immigration in the US (“you cannot work a man who must have beef and bread alongside of a man who can live on rice”). Institutions in the colonies offered European scientists opportunities to undertake nutritional experiments on populations “limited neither by unwillingness nor small numbers” which identified increased protein (meat, dairy, and possibly wheat) consumption as a means of improving the yield of colonial labour; thus the development of nutritional science was both informed and facilitated by racist-colonial beliefs. That said, it is hard to untangle racial from nationalist motivations here, as meat-eating also played a role in competition between western nations: the USDA saw evidence of US national superiority not just in the “starvation diets” of India and China but also in the fact that US protein recommendations were higher than those issued by European scientists.

Blaxter, T., & Garnett, T. (2022). Primed for power: a short cultural history of protein

[sayruq]

Hassan Nasrallah, Hezbollah's Secretary General, is expected to give a big speech on Friday, very likely to declare war on Israel.

Today Israel allowed 102 aid trucks into Gaza without bombing the Egyptian border. In the past couple days, Israel has invaded Gaza to disastrous results. Yemen has declared war on the country. Several countries have recalled their ambassadors while Bolivia ended diplomatic relations. Belgian and Italian unions have refused to ship weapons to Israel. American cities lit up with protests while successive polls show that even Republicans largely support a ceasefire in Gaza. The entire internet seems to be pro Palestine even as social media CEOs comply with requests from the Israeli government to shut down critics.

So if a ceasefire happens, don't ever let the -Zionist government and its supporters act like they did it out of the goodness of their hearts

[hotvintagepoll]

Katharine Hepburn & Cary Grant (Holiday, Bringing Up Baby, The Philadelphia Story)—They're both unspeakably hot and putting them together only makes them that much hotter. Because physically attractive people are WAY hotter when they're also incredibly funny, and both of them are. They play off each other to perfection, and I could eat them both ❤️

Paul Newman & Robert Redford (Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, The Sting)—My god, their chemistry. It's iconic. And very very sexy. They're kind of canonically in a throuple in the first one, so that's kind of like playing an actual romance. But also, they're the central relationships of both films and their inexplicable devotion to each other is a key driving force in them. Those blue eyed bastards. I love them.

These are the semifinals of a mini tournament. Each poll lasts for a week. Please reblog with propaganda for your favorite hot couple. To vote in all the polls, click here.

[additional propaganda submitted under the cut]

Hepburn and Grant:

Truly two of the hottest people ever to grace our screens and when you put them together, it's volcanic. They are totally magnetic on screen together, with the perfect love/hate chemistry. The ultimate 'you drive me crazy' couple, no one is doing it like them.

They are delight and joy and ALSO insanely hot together. Friendships have ended over the ship war of The Philadelphia Story, and you know what? Valid.

They are the hottest couple because they are clever, witty and beautiful. They spark off each other magnificently.

I feel like they’re almost too obvious to bother submitting but I’ve made that mistake before so Cary Grant and Katherine Hepburn. I present Bringing Up Baby and The Philadelphia Story as evidence, your honor

Perfect onscreen match in some of the greatest romcoms ever. My, they were yar!

Cary Grant & Katherine Hepburn! They're my favorites! Dapper & ridiculous both!

I'm sorry, that's not a very romantic pic, but I had to include the serenading the leopard

and the fluffy bathrobe!

Redford and Newman:

The following propanda was submitted by the anon who lives in my vents:

[drags self out of the vents reeking of stale gasoline] SO ABOUT THAT NEW MINI POLL.......may i suggest: ROBERT REDFORD and PAUL NEWMAN in BUTCH CASSIDY AND THE SUNDANCE KID. MY REASONING:

thagt was some of tha gayest shit i've ever seen in my entire life and i'm only 23

but for realsies, that movie was literally a love story between butch n sundance. every single thing they did, they did together

THEY'RE EVEN PERFECT OPPOSITES IN PERSONALITY—butch is the optimistic guy who never shuts up and is less intimidating than he looks; sundance is the pessimistic brooder who looks harmless because he's pretty, but is the most dangerous guy you'll ever meet

AND THEN,,,,,, EVEN WHEN THEY (SPOILERS) HAD THAT THROUPLEY THING GOING ON WITH ETTA IN BOLIVIA, AND ETTA EVENTUALLY WANTED TO LEAVE, SUNDANCE STILL CHOSE TO STAY WITH BUTCH AND DIE RATHER THAN LIVE A SEMI-SAFE LIFE WITH HIS GIRLFRIEND!!!!!!!! LIKE!!!!!! GIRL WHAT!!!!!!!!!!!

AND THE FINAL SCENE I—i need to stare at a WALL—

plus the fact that paul newman and robert redford were actually besties irl meant that their chemistry was OFF THE CHARTS. even when i was A VERY STUPID LITTLE KID and i watched that movie for the first time, i was like ".......so um... are they, like, in love with each other and that lady?"

PLUS THE FACT THAT THE MOVIE WAS DIRECTED BY THE SAME GUY WHO WOULD LATER DIRECT THE STING AND THAT MOVIE WAS JUST AS, IF NOT MORE GAY, I—

O-|-< (← me lying dead on the ground)

THE TRUST, THE INTIMACY, THE BANTER, THE LOYALTY, THE INHERENT HOMOEROTICISM OF DYING SIDE BY SIDE—

they're gay, your honour.

ergo, dear mod, i humbly ask that you consider two of my blorbos for the mini poll bracket <3 if you need more information, literally just dm me or tag me, i'll be hangin' out in the vents 😎🤙🏼 as usual (unless my house explodes into bats)

[nanoff94]

So these are José de San Martín (liberator of Argentina, Chile and Perú) and Simón Bolívar (liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecuador and Bolivia).

Not flawless as most historical figures are, but still fondly remembered for freeing a big chunk of Latin America from Spanish rule.

The two met in a conference in Guayaquil towards the end of the revolutionary effort to discuss how to govern the newly liberated republics. Despite having aligned goals and mutual respect, they didn't reach an agreement and continued their campaigns independently.

One of my favorite historical factoids though, is that Bolívar gifted San Martín a big ass portrait of himself as a memento, which I always found hilarious.

For a long time I thought that was Argie historians being biased, but my husband confirmed Bolívar just thought really highly of himself

And I remembered this the other day and I thought, that makes for a funny dynamic: two bros, passionate for liberty, they don't always agree but still kinda like each other... Yeah I ship it, fuck you

Anyway I have a patreon if you want to see stuff like this a week early and support my work

patreon.com/nanoff

You can also see the uncensored version in my Bluesky

[kaycode1999]

For anyone who might be saying Bee is out of character in the trailer let me remind you of the batshit insane things he's done in the movies and TV shows

Drove up to the dealership parking lot as Sam was looking at cars and threw his door into the car next to him

blasted a frequency that shattered the glass on every other car in the vicinity scaring Bobby Bolivia enough to let them take it for $4000

Tried to wingman Sam by stalling his engine and pulling over to the side of the road while playing sexual healing

Chased Sam up onto the walkway while he was riding a bike

Threw a hissy fit about being called a crappy camero and scanned a newer model

Essentially relieved himself all over agent Simmons because he was rude

Drove to where Sam was at college and drove up onto a bush in front of the frat house where Sam was at the party before blaring the car alarm

Started going through different songs about how the “ girl” who got in with Sam was bad news and Sam was on the verge of being assaulted or cheating

Slammed what he thought was a human girls head into the dashboard before spraying what Im assuming is coolant on her because she insinuated she was going to get Sam to cheat on Mikayla

Threw himself out of a plane and used a dead Decepticon to soften his fall

Accidentally destroyed a major portion of Charlie’s house

Smeared egg all over the car of Charlie's bully before punching the roof and jumping on it crushing the car

Ran into a tree at high speed because he turned off his lights

Joined illegal street racing

Fought a modified human and lost

Used a random truck like a scooter to go after knockout because he lost his T-Cog and ended up going over a cliff

Drove off a ship and blasted a Decepticon ship in mid air

Did the dirty dancing chair thing in a paramount commercial https://youtu.be/QWRkBv4zJpU?si=6DUH2Zcpr2BXjA5T (I linked the commercial because it has me dying laughing every time)

Joined an underground bot fighting ring to find Grimlock

Shot the tape for never gonna give you up out of his cassette player the second it started playing nearly taking Charlie’s head off

Angrily did donuts in front of the stinger prototype

Forced his steering wheel into Shanes's face when he called Bee’s alt-mode uncool

Got so angry when the stinger commercial called him old and ugly he kicked down the prototype

Is generally the most conspicuous bot to exist and is very bad at doing the blending-in thing given he's an Autobot scout

I’ll add more if I think of them but Bumblebee is just a tiny feral gremlin and I love him so very much. Each iteration of him is perfect

[joblrcensus]

welcome to the 2025 JOblr census results!! 💗💗

before we start, you can take a look at last year’s results if you want to see how things changed :)

this year we managed to gather 153 responses, so a little less than last year but i thank you all nonetheless for participating it means a lot 🫶

soooo let’s get the stats party started

general questions

Did you take part in the JOblr census last year?

Happy to see you all 49.7% again, and a warm welcome to the 50.3% joining in! :D

Which continent are you from?

Just like last year, it’s no surprise that the majority of JOblr is European, with a total of 80.4%. The continents that follow are North America with 11.1%, Asia with 3.9%, Australia & Oceania with 2.6% and South America with 2%. We still haven���t gotten anyone from Africa.

Which country are you from?

Because it was optional, this question was answered by 130 respondents out of 153. Exciting things have happened since last year as we got 4 new countries in the ranking aaaand a new leader 👀

So let’s take a look at the top countries in JOblr 🥁…….

UK - 17

Finland - 16

Germany - 15

USA - 12

Poland - 9

Sweden - 5

Australia, France, Italy, Netherlands - 4

Croatia, Ireland, Russia, Spain - 3

Austria, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Romania - 2

Argentina, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Lithuania, Malta, Mexico, Nepal, Norway, Philippines, Portugal, Slovenia, Ukraine - 1

How old are you?

44.4% of the respondents are between 18-25 years old, followed by 20.3% between 26-30 years old. 18.3% are between 31-40 years old, 9.2% are under 18 while 3.9% are over 40.

Are you part of the LGBTQ+ community?

Unsurprising given the results last year, 77.8% of JOblr are part of the LGBTQ+ community, while 10.5% are questioning and 11.8% have answered no.

tumblr activity questions

When did you join JOblr?

New question that I was very curious about. 65.4% of people joined JOblr after the Eurovision final, while 13.1% joined before it. 20.9% joined in 2024 while 1 person joined in 2025 (hello hello hope you enjoy your stay 👀!) No one joined before 2023.

How do you participate on JOblr?

A majority of 80 people are mostly reblogging posts but sometimes making posts of their own, while 34 said to be active posters. We have a number of 22 lurkers and 17 who are only reblogging posts.

Do you post any of the following?

Another year full of incredible content created by this talented fandom!! 🫶 Written content like fanfiction and textposts seem to be the most posted.

What other fandoms beside Joker Out do you post about?

Another new question, where I wanted to see which other fandoms are the people here interested in. It was an optional question, some people giving a general answer or naming a specific fandom. Answers varied from musicians, shows & movies, books, sports, actors, characters, ships, video games, content creators, musicals and so on. Here I gathered all the specific fandoms that got more than one answer in order:

Musicians: Käärijä (23), Joost Klein (7), Blind Channel (5), Kuumaa (4), My Chemical Romance (3), Måneskin (2)

Shows/Movies: Arcane (6), Supernatural, Merlin (4), Tatort Saarbrücken (3), 9-1-1, Critical Role, Dead Boy Detectives, Good Omens, Gravity Falls, Hannibal, Hazbin Hotel/Helluva Boss, Julie and the Phantoms, Naruto, Star Trek (2)

Others: Eurovision (15), Hermitcraft, Life Series SMP (4), Dan and Phil, Formula 1, Sanremo (2)

joker out questions

How did you find out about Joker Out?

A big majority of 85.6% found out about Joker Out through Eurovision, as expected. Still, some of the respondents had different experiences as 9 respondents found out about them through Tumblr or other social media, 3 through a music platform and to 2 they were recommended by someone. Some respondents chose the “other” option and included:

finding out about JO through Käärijä

general slovenian knowledge

TikTok videos with Bojan

Who from the current members is your favorite?

If last year the first place had a clear lead, this year there was a close battle. Therefore, here’s how JOblr’s top looks like:

Bojan - 42 votes

Jan - 41 votes

Kris - 36 votes

Nace - 20 votes

Jure - 14 votes

What's your favorite album?

Given the release of the recent album, I decided to include this question as well. Here’s Tumblr’s top favorite Joker Out albums:

Demoni - 89 votes

Souvenir Pop - 37 votes

Umazane misli - 27 votes

Have you ever been to a Joker Out concert?

As opposed to last year where the result was more balanced, this time the concert goers have a clearer lead with 98 respondents having been to a Joker Out concert, while 55 haven’t.

For those who answered ”No” in the last year's survey, have you been to a Joker Out concert in the meantime?

Out of the 99 who answered “No” in the previous survey, 48 answered to this question as followed: 19 have been to a Joker Out concert since last year’s survey, while 29 still haven’t.

If you're into RPF, which one of the most popular ships (according to AO3) is your favorite?

This was an optional question as well, where 135 out of 153 opted to respond to.

And oh my what a turn of events 👀 Let’s find out Tumblr’s top Joker Out ships:

🥁…..

BoKris - 49 votes

Jance - 42 votes

BoJere - 29 votes

The “other” option was chosen as well and the following ships were included:

poly!JO

Bo(Jan)2

JanJure

KrisJure

BoNace

BoJance

NaceJere

You reached the end!! Thank you again for taking part in this, hope you all enjoyed and do tell me which were your favorite or the most surprising parts 💞💞 See you next year, perhaps (?)

[goodthings777]

Fake care

I never fake care to anyone. What I give, I give from my heart.

[meazalykov]

social media series

barcelona femení x barca!reader

part two

summary: reader loves having an aesthetic instagram

warnings: injury + just pretend this is you in all of the pictures presented❤️

y/n.l/n

{tagged: fcbfemeni}

liked by aitanabonmati, soccerdonna, and 43,181 others

y/n.l/n happy to be here

view comments

❤️ *liked by author*

ingrid_engen 🥰🥰😍

fcbwomen472 bonmati and l/n linkup will be deadly for the opposition oh my

❤️ *liked by author*

esmeebrugts 🔥

user261819 barcelona taking all of the good players smfh

random22222 yeah, l/n would've shined in bayern or maybe across the sea in orlando. she will never outshine putellas or bonmati here

fcbgirl777 who said she's trying to outshine anyone?

yooooitsme 🤩💙❤️

❤️ *liked by author*

alexiaputellas 💙❤️

~view all 1,780 comments~

august 13th, 2023

y/n.l/n

{tagged: alexiaputellas}

liked by alexiaputellas, catarina_macario, and 38,289 others

y/n.l/n debut and my first goal tonight :D

view comments

user171930 THAT SCREAMER WAS CRAZY

random28128 no way madridcff defenders were stopping that

❤️ *liked by author*

esmeebrugts 🔥🤩

aitanabonmati 😍

❤️ *liked by author*

salmaparalluelo 💙💙💙

fcbculer10 that assist from you salma 🤩

~view all 1,135 comments~

september 16th, 2023

alexiaputellas (you are mapi in the picture below)

{tagged: y/n.l/n, fcbfemeni}

liked by y/n.l/n, janafernandez3, and 81,272 others

alexiaputellas last week 🩷

view comments

❤️ *liked by author*

y/n.l/n amar 🫶

user26118 😍😍

❤️ *liked by author*

vickyylopezz._ 🤩

wosofanzz so its a l/n putellas linkup then 🤩😭🔥

random18103 are you renewing after this season?

~view all 4,109 comments~

september 17th, 2023

y/n.l/n

{tagged: esmeebrugts, luciia_corraales_7, & vickyylopezz._}

liked by esmeebrugts, jillroord, and 77,172 others

y/n.l/n life

view comments

wosofanzz THE PIC OF YOU AND ESMEE AWE

❤️ *liked by author*

esmeebrugts 🫶😍

wlwcouplesz728 I ship 🥲

random27291 @ wlwcouplz728 esmee has a girlfriend already..

❤️ *liked by author*

vickyylopezz._ 🥰

❤️ *liked by author*

jillroord 😍

~view all 2,176 comments~

october 1st, 2023

fcbfemeni & y/n.l/n

{tagged: y/n.l/n}

liked by ingrid_engen, esmeebrugts, and 57,298 others

fcbfemeni woman of the match 💙❤️

view comments

username7922 not sure how we only got 1-0 out of atletico madrid...

fcbfem1810 vamos!

random111118 the cross from fridolina and the header from y/n 😍 stunner

y/nfan777 ballon d'or next year 👀

~view all 892 comments~

october 15th, 2023

y/n.l/n

liked by aitanabonmati, lena_oberdorf, and 61,297 others

y/n.l/n national break <3

view comments

❤️ *liked by author*

sophsssmith 😍😍😍😍

random2729 dodgers >>

random991 that screamer from you against bolivia yesterday wtfff why didn't you post about it 😅

y/n.l/n sorry 🥲

user1819 you were in new york at the same time as me 💔

❤️ *liked by author*

lynnwilliams9 obsessed with you

~view all 1,012 comments~

october 23rd, 2023

fcbfemnews

{tagged: y/n.l/n}

liked by y/n.l/n, randomuser7919, and 34,019 others

fcbfemnews BREAKING 🚨: Y/n L/n will be out for four weeks. She has suffered a muscle injury in the rectus femoris during her national break game with the USWNT against Costa Rica. Get well soon Y/n ❤️💙❤️🩵

view comments

random289 NOOOOOOOO

y/n.l/n ❤️❤️

user7291 watching her take that hit was scary to watch

barcafemluvr what happened? sorry I couldn't watch her national game

user7291 y/n tried to pass the ball to her teammate lindsey but suddenly she jumped and clenched her leg after a costa rican player knocked her over😕

~view all 92 comments~

october 26th, 2023

aitanabonmati

liked by y/n.l/n, leaschuller, and 1,378,902 others

aitanabonmati con el mejor de todos los tiempos. @ leomessi 🐐 # lamasia

view comments

❤️ *liked by author*

y/n.l/n nobody deserves this more than you 🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐

❤️ *liked by author*

esmeebrugts vamooss

❤️ *liked by author*

ingrid_engen 😍😍😍😍

random2829 y/n winning the next one? 👀

fcbfanz her or caro tbh

~view all 8,098 comments~

november 1st, 2023

part three here

I do not own any of the photos used for this fic.

[manessha545]

Simon Bolivar school ship, Venezuela: Simón Bolívar is a training vessel for the Venezuelan Navy. She sails from the home port of La Guaira and is a frequent participant in tall ship events. She is named after Simón Bolívar, the liberator of Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela. Wikipedia

[gracheeez]

Okay so I just finished this drawing, I have 7 lectures pending and an exam that is worth 35% of my final grade of that subject, but I'm going to study anyway, so here Bolivia and Paraguay, one of my favourite ships! (maybe because both of them don't have sea and I said mmmmm maybe they are a good couple)

[whencyclopedia]

The Silver of the Conquistadors

The Spanish conquistadors might have gained a lasting reputation as the great gold-seekers of history, but they were actually far more successful in acquiring silver. Over 100 tons of gold were extracted from the Americas from 1492 to 1560, but the quantity of silver ultimately shipped in the treasure fleets back to Spain dwarfed that figure. By 1600, 25,000 tons of silver had been transported to Spain.

The process of acquiring silver had two phases. First, the conquistadors stole whatever they came across of value, kidnapping and torturing anyone they thought had knowledge of the whereabouts of valuables. The second phase was to investigate the source of the metal, that is to find and expand through forced labour the silver mines American rulers had themselves been exploiting. Mines like Potosí in Bolivia proved to be so lucrative that silver soon far outstripped gold as the most valuable cargo of the Spanish treasure fleets that shipped the resources of the Americas to Europe.

Properties & Supply

Silver was esteemed by many ancient cultures because of its relative softness, which made it easy to work by metalsmiths, and the fact that when polished it gains a lustrous shine. Silver was mined in ancient Mesoamerica and South America and was much valued by the Aztecs, Incas, Moche, Wari, Lambayeque, and Chimu cultures, amongst others.

The Spanish conquistadors arrived in the Americas in the final decade of the 15th century, and they were most interested in finding gold since it was much more valuable than silver – 1 oz of gold bought 11 oz of silver in Amsterdam in the 16th century. Silver was a good second prize, though. The early conquistadors plundered whatever artefacts they could of silver and melted them down to create coinage and bullion bars for ease of transport and sharing out between them. Indigenous people were mercilessly robbed, captured, and tortured to find out where their silver and other valuables were hidden. Countless works of art, often of high religious significance to the indigenous peoples, were lost forever in this ruthless quest for cash. When the silver items ran out, the conquistadors turned their attention to the source: the mines. These they found and further exploited while new mines were also located. Eventually, thanks to the massive yields of the silver mines in Mexico and Bolivia, it was silver and not gold that dominated the meticulously kept pages of Spanish colonial accountants. By 1540, silver made up over 85% of annual precious metal shipments to Spain.

Continue reading...

[sayruq]

In Oct, European leaders lined up to support Israel's war on Gaza. By that point, hundreds of Palestinians had been killed in airstrikes. There was a worry among some officials that by doing this, they will end up alienated from the global south

That fear has come to fruition as countries like Bolivia cut diplomatic ties, South Africa took Israel to the ICJ, Yemen has blockaded the Red Sea (is now regularly attacking American and British warships), Malaysia has banned all Israeli ships from its ports, etc.

Here's the latest example. The EU organised the Indo-Pacific Ministerial Forum. It was a disaster for many reasons (7 European foreign ministers didn't bother to show up) but the important issue was Gaza

Simple put Israel, the EU and America will not escape accountability for what they've done to Gaza

[yuurei20]

Twst Merch Giveaway, Round 1: Closed

It's the fourth Twst Merch Giveaway! 🥳

Within the next 24 hours please do the following: (edit: this giveaway is now closed!) 1) Reblog this post! 2) Choose which item(s) you would like from the following google form! http://twstnote.com/tumblr-giveaway-round-one/

(no need to follow or like unless you want to :> multiple items is fine!)

Shipping: Free of charge to any country except where the post office says no: Yemen, Guatemala, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Chad, Bolivia, Liberia, Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Libya, Russia, Ukraine.

Winners: will be contacted via email and not announced publicly (just in case someone is looking to get a gift for someone else), so please make sure that the email address you provide is accurate!

Details: There will be three rounds across three platforms: Twitter, Tumblr and Bluesky! All are welcome to join all giveaways, which will be hosted on three Saturdays: 10/5 (today), 10/12 and 10/19!

This is the fourth giveaway total but the first time attempting a Google forms format, I hope very much that it works 💦

See all available items available across all platforms, here! http://twstnote.com/twst-merch-giveaway/