#religioushistory

[whencyclopedia]

Women Religious Crossing between Cloister and the World: Nunneries in Europe and the Americas, ca. 1200–1700

This book is recommended to advanced scholars of medieval and early modern religious history. This collection of essays focuses on how women participated in and were shaped by monastic and religious life. The contribution this book makes is to examine medieval and early modern gender history through a transatlantic lens.

Women Religious Crossing Between Cloister and the World: Nunneries in Europe and the Americas, ca. 1200-1700 is the result of a collaborative research project focused on the relationships between women and the “religious.” Edited by art historian Mercedes Pérez Vidal, a research fellow at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, this collection of essays analyzes religious women from the Middle Ages through the Early Modern period through a transnational lens. The Société d’Études Interdisplinaires sur les Femmes au Moyen Âge et à la Renaissance (SEIFMAR) organized the research project, and its goal was to examine how women participated in and were shaped by monastic and religious life. As a transnational undertaking, the volume also takes a comparative geographical approach to women and religious life in Europe and America.

The collection originated as SEIFMAR conference papers that were developed into articles. There are seven essays in the collection. Each essay addresses one or more of the four themes from the conference including studying religious women across time, space, and category; examining women’s agency within and outside the cloister; analyzing race and social class among religious women and studying material objects through cultural networks as a mode of creating and extending power. The essays were written by European and Latin American scholars, and each essay concludes with findings and an extensive bibliography. Chapter One by Sylvie Duval examines “Female Dominican Identities” while Chapter Five by Doris Bienko de Peralta is titled “Transatlantic Circulation of Objects, Books, and Ideas in Mid-Seventeenth Century Mexican Nunneries.” The last chapter by Annalena Müller is in French and focuses on class-based feminine power at the convent of Fontevraud in the 17th century.

Vidal makes a convincing argument that scholarship spanning continents focused on religious women, agency, and the transmission of ideas expands the historiographies of empire, nation, gender, and class. The book illustrates that religious women were political and powerful purveyors of information and played a role in shaping religious identity inside and outside of the convent both in Europe and the Americas.

This is not a collection aimed at a wide readership. It is a text aimed at medieval and early modern scholars. While the whole collection could be beneficial in a graduate classroom setting, it may be too advanced for undergraduate students. There are individual chapters such as Claudia Sutter’s piece, "In Touch with the Outside: The Economic Exchanges of the Observant Dominican Convent of St. Catherine in St. Gallen," which would work well in a European medieval course illustrating the economic exchanges of the time through the lens of gender. Miguel Garcia-Fernandez’s article, "Beyond the Wall: Power, Parties, and Sex in Late Medieval Galician Nunneries," would be interesting to those studying gender and sexuality in a medieval history course. I would recommend this collection to scholars who are interested in the intersection between medieval and early modern gender dynamics concerning religious history. The book is part of a series focused on Western and Eastern Christian communities from 500-1500 CE and could be of interest to a broader readership to those who have some prior knowledge of medieval and early modern history. In other words, this is not a book for those new to the subject. Transnational academic histories of medieval and early modern women are rather limited in terms of scholarship, and this collection contributes to understanding women’s agency, the transmission of information, and power structures through the lens of the "religious" in a new and worthwhile way.

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[biographiness]

On June 27, from religious revelations to circumnavigating the globe solo, legends rise like boxing champions.🌟🌍🥊

Follow👉 @biographiness

[byfaithmedia]

According to many this is the historic room is where Jesus had the Last Supper 🍞 

[celestialdnagenome]

The Dark History of Religion: Bloodshed in the name of God

Explore the darker side of religious history, as we delve into how religion has been used to justify violence and oppression.

From the bloodshed of the Crusades and the Inquisition to the persecution witnessed during witch hunts in Europe and colonial America.

Learn about the enforcement of rigid social hierarchies by religious institutions, such as the caste system in India and the justification of the transatlantic slave trade through biblical passages.

Uncover the origins of the concept of God in ancient Mesopotamia and see how early religious beliefs evolved, shaping cultures worldwide.

[expansions888]

Thomas, Twin Of Jesus by Stewart Swerdlow

Thomas, Twin Of Jesus by Stewart Swerdlow

Read this interesting article that confirms what I have told you.

In the mid-20th century, a groundbreaking discovery shook the world of biblical scholarship and religious history! Ranker reports that two farmers in Nag Hammadi, Egypt, stumbled upon a treasure trove of ancient manuscripts that would forever alter our understanding of early Christianity.

Known as the Nag Hammadi Library, this astonishing compilation consisted of at least 50 previously unseen gospels and codices, each a window into early Christians’ myriad beliefs and practices. Read more

Not a member join us day for less than $1 a day and get access to Stewart's and Janet's blogs

https://www.expansions.com/product-category/membership/

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"Jesus Christ: Incredible Facts" - Discover the astonishing miracles and mythical events from the life of Jesus Christ in this short video. Learn about His virgin birth, the Star of Bethlehem, turning water into wine, walking on water, calming the storm, healing the sick, raising Lazarus, and feeding the multitude. Dive into these incredible stories that continue to inspire and amaze!

[gothandghoul]

The Intriguing Role of Demons in Religious History

Demons. The very word evokes a sense of mystery, conjuring images of shadowy figures lurking in dark corners, whispering malevolent secrets. But these enigmatic beings are not just figments of imagination. They have a rich and diverse history, spanning from the ancient Mesopotamian myths to the modern manifestations in pop culture. Throughout this timeline, they were an integral part of daily life, and their presence was felt in numerous cultures' religious texts, folklore, and literature. The concept of demons has evolved, yet it remains a potent symbol of the unknown and the supernatural, a topic that continues to intrigue and fascinate.

The Concept of Demons in Ancient Religions

Mesopotamian Roots

In the cradle of civilization, Mesopotamia, demons were not just a part of the spiritual beliefs. They were integral to daily life. Known as 'Udug' or 'Utukku,' these entities were not just malevolent spirits thought to bring disease and misfortune but also a constant presence in the lives of the ancient Sumerians and Akkadians. They believed these demons could be appeased or warded off through rituals and offerings, a testament to their deep-rooted faith and respect for the spiritual realm. These beliefs were not mere superstitions but a way of life, a constant reminder of the delicate balance between good and evil in their world.

Egyptian Beliefs

The Egyptians also had a complex and multifaceted relationship with these otherworldly beings, called 'demons' or 'spirits.' Some, like Apophis, the serpent god who embodied chaos, were malevolent, while others, like the household gods Bes and Taweret, played protective roles. Egyptian mythology, a rich tapestry woven with tales of these spirits, stretches its influence across the mortal and divine realms. To fully immerse in the wonder of this mythology, a visit to Encyclopedia Britannica's article on Egyptian mythology is highly recommended, as it provides a comprehensive overview of these demon beliefs.

Sumerian Influence

The Sumerians were among the first to document their beliefs in a pantheon of gods and demons. These beings were seen as intermediaries between the gods and humans, capable of benevolence and wrath. The demon Pazuzu, for example, was believed to ward off other evil spirits despite being feared himself.

Evolution of Demons in Abrahamic Religions

Judaism

In Judaism, demons (or "shedim") evolved from earlier Near Eastern beliefs. They were seen as evil forces but were not given the same prominence as in later Abrahamic faiths. The figure of Satan, initially a "challenger" or accuser in the heavenly court, began to take shape as an adversary of God.

Christianity

Christianity's concept of demons was heavily influenced by Jewish apocryphal literature and Hellenistic beliefs. Demons became fallen angels, led by Lucifer in rebellion against God. The New Testament recounts numerous instances of demonic possession and exorcism, highlighting their malevolent influence on humanity.

Islam

In Islam, demons are known as "jinn," beings created from smokeless fire. While some jinn are harmless or even benevolent, others are considered wholly evil. Iblis (Satan) is a jinn who defied God's command and was cast out of heaven. The Quran provides various references to these beings and their interactions with humans. In Islam, it's intriguing to observe that devils and demons are perceived as psychological entities rather than supernatural beings.

Historical Perceptions and Influence of Demons

Historically, demons have been perceived as evil entities wielding significant influence over human affairs. Medieval Europe saw a surge in demonology studies, often linked to witch hunts and inquisitions. These entities were blamed for everything from personal misfortune to societal upheaval.

Contrasting Views of Demons in Eastern Religions

Buddhism

In Buddhism, demons (or "Mara") represent obstacles to enlightenment. Mara, the personification of temptation and death, sought to distract Siddhartha Gautama (the future Buddha) from his path to enlightenment. Unlike their Western counterparts, these demons are not inherently evil but are part of the cosmic balance.

Hinduism

Hindu mythology offers a diverse interpretation of demons (or "asuras"). While often depicted as antagonists to the gods (devas), some asuras are revered for their wisdom and devotion. They symbolize the duality of existence, embodying both destructive and nurturing forces. For further information, consult the Encyclopedia Britannica's overview of Hindu mythology.

Impact of Demons on Religious Texts, Folklore, and Literature

Demons have left an indelible mark on religious texts and folklore. The Bible, Quran, and other sacred texts contain numerous references to these entities, shaping cultural narratives and moral lessons. In literature, demons have been a source of fascination, from Dante's "Inferno" to Goethe's "Faust," depicting their complex relationship with humanity.

The Allure of the Unknown and the Supernatural

Why do demons continue to captivate our imagination? Perhaps it's our inherent curiosity about the unknown and the supernatural. Demons embody our fears and desires, metaphorically representing our struggles within ourselves and our societies. This fascination may stem from our internal conflict between making good and bad choices, making demons a powerful symbol of our psychological battles.

In popular culture, this allure is vividly evident. Movies like "The Exorcist" and "Hereditary" explore human vulnerability and morality through demonic manifestations. Books such as The Demonologist by Andrew Pyper delve into the profound effects of confronting one's inner demons. Video games like Diablo and Doom immerse players in worlds where the battle against demonic forces mirrors the struggle to overcome personal weaknesses and moral challenges. These narratives resonate deeply because they reflect our perpetual quest to understand and navigate the complexities of our inner lives.

Understanding the history of demons in religion offers a profound window into the human condition. These entities, embodying our deepest fears and hopes, reveal much about our collective psyche and cultural evolution.

But are demons real supernatural entities? Or do they symbolize our human struggles?

We invite you to join us in this enigmatic conversation. What captivates you most about the history of demons in religion? Share your thoughts and experiences with GrimKeeper@gothandghoul.com.

The resources shared here offer a gateway for further exploration into this dark and enigmatic realm. Explore the unknown and cultivate your curiosity—your next great discovery awaits in the shadows.

"The Encyclopedia of Demons and Demonology" by Rosemary Ellen Guiley

This comprehensive guide explores demons' history, folklore, and cultural significance in different religions and traditions.

"Demons: A Biblically Based Perspective" by Michael S. Heiser

An in-depth analysis of demons from a biblical viewpoint, examining their roles and representations within Christianity.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Offers extensive articles on demons in various religious contexts, including Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. These entries provide historical and theological overviews.

Oxford Reference Online

Provides access to authoritative reference works on religion and mythology, including detailed entries on demonic entities in different faiths.

"The Dictionary of Demons: Names of the Damned" by Michelle Belanger

A detailed reference that lists and describes demons mentioned in ancient texts, religious scriptures, and folklore.

"Islamic Beliefs and Practices" by Matt Stefon

Contains chapters dedicated to jinn and demons in Islamic theology, providing an insightful look into their roles and characteristics.

"Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition" by David Kinsley

Although focused on goddesses, this book provides context for understanding Hindu mythology's antagonistic forces and demonic figures.

The Catholic Encyclopedia

Available online, this resource offers detailed entries on the nature and history of demons as understood within Catholicism.

Journal Articles and Academic Publications

Databases like JSTOR and Google Scholar can be valuable for accessing peer-reviewed articles and academic papers on demonology in various religious traditions.

[studiokultuurscape]

Why do people remain attached to churches even if they are no longer religious? Discover how the architecture and location of churches, as symbols of socio-cultural backgrounds and communities, maintain their allure.

The Sint-Albertuskerk in Zwartberg and the Sint-Theodarduskerk in Beringen-Mijn, both designed by architect H. Lacoste, initially appear similar in architecture. Both churches are imposing brick constructions with high pointed arch windows and stained glass. However, upon closer inspection, subtle differences emerge, emphasizing their unique character and functional nuances. A significant contrast between the two churches lies in their locations. The Sint-Albertuskerk in Zwartberg is centrally located among various neighborhoods with predominantly Italian, Turkish, and former Soviet Union immigrant populations, symbolizing its role as a unifying center. In contrast, the Sint-Theodarduskerk is situated in the heart of a specific community, mainly comprised of Turkish and North African immigrants.

The diversity of these communities is reflected in the architecture. Zwartberg, with its diverse socio-economic and cultural backgrounds, features a modest brick architecture that exudes a sense of neutrality. This contrasts with the Sint-Theodarduskerk in Beringen-Mijn, where the architecture evokes a sense of familiarity with its Byzantine style, fostering connection through parish complexes and galleries. This approach proves effective, as activities are organized in and around the church during the September mine celebrations by both the Christian and Islamic communities, as well as non-believers.

These churches demonstrate how architecture not only shapes physical space but also provides social and cultural meaning and function, tailored to the specific context of the community. A profound understanding of the interaction between architecture and socio-cultural aspects is essential to comprehend the unique identity and role of each church within its environment. Starting from here is crucial for transforming and designing churches for contemporary and future use, separate from religious connotations, without disregarding the local community.

Churches as Cultural Beacons: Architecture and Community PART II

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Martin Luther: Catalyst of Change in History

On November 10, 1483, a pivotal figure in history was born in Eisleben, Germany — Martin Luther. Little did the world know that this event would set in motion a series of events that would reshape the religious landscape of Europe and leave an indelible mark on history. Humble Beginnings and Divine Calling Martin Luther’s early life was not indicative of the revolutionary role he would later…

[lenavlog25]

As a moral center for society, the church is always in flux, yet still a stabilizing factor. This is because the faith of the flock is always strengthened despite these great changes, and the core principles are never compromised. If the church and the faith are to survive the trials that are to come, it must be determined to undermine the taint that spreads across the world...

Know how much the church has changed from then to now:

[tc-booksandmore]

Book 32 of 2023 By Water by Jason Landsel Thank you to @netgalley for the opportunity to read this graphic novel. I'm still processing everything that this book presented because it's a history non-fiction graphic novel geared toward young adults about the birth of the Antibaptist movement during the 1500s in Europe. The watercolors are spectacular, and the story is very informative. 3.25 out of 5 stars. Recommend for budding history enthusiasts. #NetGalley #AdvancedReaderCopy #GraphicNovel #ReligiousHistory #NonFiction #BookDragon #BookFlatLay #BookNerd #BookstagramAesthetic (at Idaho) https://www.instagram.com/p/CpgBqZzPQmf/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[pasthistoricalevents]

Faith vs. Politics: November 29th's Earth-Shattering Events #ytshorts #s...

[celestialdnagenome]

God: A Human Construct

Delving into the historical roots of religion, we examine how early civilizations, particularly in Mesopotamia, developed complex belief systems to explain natural phenomena and give life meaning.

Discover how the Sumerians, one of the earliest documented societies, created a pantheon of gods and how this shaped the evolution of religious thought from polytheism to monotheism.

[ikno-io]

This article explores Reformation Day, its origins, historical significance, modern reflections, and its impact on culture and society. read the full article: https://bit.ly/3YoevRs #ReformationDay #MartinLuther #Christianity #ProtestantReformation #HistoricalSignificance #ReligiousHistory read more: what is reformation day

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Jesus Christ: Incredible Facts" - Discover the astonishing miracles and mythical events from the life of Jesus Christ in this short video. Learn about His virgin birth, the Star of Bethlehem, turning water into wine, walking on water, calming the storm, healing the sick, raising Lazarus, and feeding the multitude. Dive into these incredible stories that continue to inspire and amaze!