#peninsula ridge

[harshr]

Various scenes from Boulder Ridge/Marmot Pass

[thorsenmark]

A Morning Stroll Along the Shores of Lake Michigan in Indiana Dunes National Park by Mark Stevens Via Flickr: A setting looking to the west while taking in views and walking along the shoreline of Lake Michigan in the Mount Baldy area of Indiana Dunes National Park.

[mcplumbinggas]

Residential Plumbing Services In Main Ridge

At Refresh Plumbing & Gas, we pride ourselves on providing top-notch residential plumbing services in Main Ridge. Whether you need routine maintenance, urgent repairs, or expert installation, our team of experienced Main Ridge plumbers is here to assist you. We understand that plumbing issues can arise at any time, which is why our emergency residential plumbers are available around the clock to…

[sanktpolypenbourg]

Sidenote though, with "Pre-Unification Terra", I enjoy the location names getting twisted into silly nonsense as yes, over literally millenia, if anything of our languages survives, the etymology of names is bound to be lost and they are bound to get distorted in a History spanning game of telephone.

What I find FUNNY is that of all places, germany remains a nation state.

Things like the US are obvious; it's big enough to remain as a cultural realm for millenia, even if the specific nation states that occupy it change.

Britain I get, because then you can have that fun thing that a former island nation occupies a swath of desert.

France, yeah, that's silly, but it makes sense, if only for the satire. Their continued existence, in ANY century, is a punchline all by itself.

But "jermani" just doesn't make any sense whatsoever even by the internal logic. Especially since no other countries like that were added - we don't get a random Thy-land or Wenezuel or anything. It's like, sure, you can come along too, I guess. I like to think it doesn't have anything to do with a sort of fascism wank, to ensure some players get to paint up their miniature dolls as literal space nazis. The most vanilla explanation I guess would be that Warhammer has a big german fanbase and they didn't want to alienate them. Also pausible but slightly disappointing would be that they just couldn't culturally justify their "knights in space armor" setting without the germanic element. Related to that, the idea that this is the minimum level of detail for a depiction of Europe even tens of thousands of years in the future. Logically there is no reason it should have more political geography than the Kamchatka Peninsula (or in that era I suppose the Kamchatka Ridge), but for war-gaming purposes I guess it's hard to get away from at least a minimalistic WWI/WWII configuration for a mostly western audience.

[intheholler]

This might be a bit of a random and tangety question, but I was wondering if y’all also experience the erasure of people already livin’ in areas about to be or in the process of gentrification.

Cause I’m from the Mornington peninsula, this relatively mid sized region in Australia, some of it can be pretty rural, over all we have a population density of 230 per square km (which is 88 per square mile??) which is mostly because of the few bigger population centres.

Anyhow when I was growin’ up the ninch (as we call it) was seen as this largely poor, backwards, farming/fishing region full of conservatives who hated outsiders or somethin’ (to be honest the last part is correct)

But these days a lot of people have shifted from viewing people on the ninch from backwards hill dwellers to… not even existing?

A lot of our towns are seen as desirable as holiday realestate but this hasn’t rehabilitated people from the ninch in the eye’s of outsiders but instead they just ignore that we are even here, and that they are displacin’ us.

Does this happen in gentrified parts of Appalachia or are outsiders still hostile to locals?

i definitely do still notice hostility, but in a way, it can absolutely be framed as them just... not seeing us, like you said. they aggressively want to scrub clean the culture n the people to get to the pretty parts, to the point where, no, they don't consider us unless they're looking down on us as they "clean up the place."

ppl will come here n complain about how UnSaFe it is cause they hear guns going off in the woods with ppl just mindin their business, hunting on their own land or just shootin having fun. they come here n mock our accents and the way we live, pearl clutching bc they have to drive two hours away to get to a Target. then they just start filling in the commercial gaps instead of accepting that just aint how we live here. things like that.

basically, they want a pretty lil mountain view out the back of their vacation home, but they don't actually want the mountains; they want it to be like where they came from. hell, sometimes they dont even want the view. theyll flatten ridges to build their mcmansions instead. so, no, gentrification definitely hasn't redeemed appalachians in the eye of the general public that flock here, either.

anyway, solidarity <3 sounds like there's a lot in common between our region and yours

[kawaiijohn]

Woo yay yippieeee even :(

From James spann Twitter (above imbed):

WEDNESDAY MORNING UPDATE: Milton remains a catastrophic category five hurricane early this morning with winds of 160 mph. The hurricane is about 300 miles southwest of Tampa, and is moving to the northeast at 14 mph. A Storm Surge Warning is in effect for... * Florida west coast from Flamingo northward to Yankeetown, including Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay * Sebastian Inlet Florida to Altamaha Sound Georgia, including the St. Johns River A Hurricane Warning is in effect for... * Florida west coast from Bonita Beach northward to Suwannee River, including Tampa Bay * Florida east coast from the St. Lucie/Martin County Line northward to Ponte Vedra Beach From NHC Milton is moving northeastward at 12 kt in the flow between a mid-to upper-level trough over the northern Gulf and a ridge located over the Greater Antilles. This motion should generally continue until Milton makes landfall in Florida, which is likely to occur late tonight or early tomorrow morning. After the hurricane reaches the coast, a turn to the east-northeast is expected as another trough approaches the system from the west. Milton should exit Florida and move over the Atlantic waters tomorrow afternoon and accelerate eastward after that. The NHC track forecast is nudged a little to the north of the previous one to be in better agreement with the latest models. It should be noted that this forecast is based on the model fields, not the interpolated models which appear to be too far south. Users are urged not to focus on the exact landfall point as the average error at 24 hours is about 40 miles. The global models agree that vertical wind shear is expected begin to increase over Milton later today, and that should cause some weakening. However, there is high confidence that Milton will remain a very dangerous hurricane when it reaches Florida, and maintain hurricane status as it moves across the state. The cyclone is expected to become extratropical over the Atlantic on Friday and gradually weaken. The NHC intensity forecast is similar to the previous one and near the high end of the model guidance. Milton's wind field is expected to grow considerably in size while it moves across Florida. Additionally, a large region of tropical storm and hurricane-force winds could occur on the northwest/back side of the storm since Milton will be interacting with a frontal boundary and beginning extratropical transition. Damaging winds, life-threatening storm surge, and heavy rainfall will extend well outside the forecast cone. This is a very serious situation and residents in Florida should closely follow orders from their local emergency management officials. Evacuations and other preparations should be rushed to completion. Milton has the potential to be one of the most destructive hurricanes on record for west-central Florida. Key messages *A large area of destructive storm surge, with highest inundations of 10 ft or greater, is expected along a portion of the west-central coast of the Florida Peninsula. If you are in the Storm Surge Warning area, this is an extremely life-threatening situation, and you should evacuate as soon as possible if ordered by local officials. *Devastating hurricane-force winds are expected along portions of the west coast of Florida, where a Hurricane Warning is in effect. Milton is forecast to remain a hurricane while it crosses the Florida Peninsula and life-threatening hurricane-force winds, especially in gusts, are expected to spread inland across the peninsula. Preparations to protect life and property, including being ready for long-duration power outages, should be rushed to completion. *Heavy rainfall across the Florida Peninsula through tomorrow brings the risk of catastrophic and life-threatening flash and urban flooding along with moderate to major river flooding, especially in areas where coastal and inland flooding combine to increase the overall flood threat.

Stay safe y'all.

[wikipediapictures]

Elephant Island by Landsat 8

“When explorer Ernest Shackleton and the crew of Endurance lost their ship to crushing pack ice in the Weddell Sea in 1915, their chances of survival seemed dim. The 28 men spent months drifting on ice floes and traversing the Southern Ocean in small lifeboats until they finally spotted land. The hunk of rock and ice was not the welcoming refuge they hoped for, but it was enough.

Shackleton and the crew of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition landed on the mountainous, ice-covered island today known as Elephant Island. Some say Elephant Island got its name from the sighting of elephant seals along its shores; others suggest it comes from its appearance as an elephant head. But Shackleton’s captain claimed it was a nickname given by the crew: ‘Hell-of-an-Island.’

The image above shows a rare, cloud-free view of the remote island on December 13, 2020, as captured by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8. The highest points, Mount Pendragon (970 meters or 3,200 feet) and Mount Elder (945 meters or 3,100 feet), are located on the southern side. In the center, Endurance glacier collects most of the ice flowing in the southeast direction.

Elephant Island is located about 250 kilometers (150 miles) northeast of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. Geologically, the island is part of the Scotia Plate, which was formed from continental fragments that once formed a land bridge between South America and Antarctica. The rocky island is comprised of green and blue phyllites, blueschists, and greenschists along the coast and in ridges.

Elephant Island has few plants or animals, save for some seals and gentoo and chinstrap penguins. Although it is in a prime location for observing whales, the island is not well visited and has remained relatively under-studied due to its remoteness and difficult terrain.

Shackleton and his crew initially landed on the eastern coast at Cape Valentine, but falling rocks and the proximity to the sea made it difficult to set up safe campsites. In fact, much of the island’s coastline consists of cliffs with steep slopes rising more than 100 meters (330 feet) in places. Crew member Frank Wild scouted more stable ground to the west, with lower elevation but also more glaciers. The team set up camp, naming the site Point Wild.

Shackleton realized their chances of getting rescued from Elephant Island by passing ships were low, so he and five crewmates took a lifeboat to look for help, leaving Wild in charge.

The remaining crew built makeshift huts by resting their two remaining lifeboats upside down on rocks. To combat the perpetual darkness, they made lamps out of sardine tins, used surgical bandages for wicks, and burned seal blubber oil. Four and a half months later, Shackleton and crew returned with a ship and rescued all 22 men. King George V recognized Wild’s leadership as ‘instrumental in maintaining their courage and hope.’

Today, the island hosts one small research station occupied during the summer. At Point Wild, a monument was erected to honor the crew and their experience on the island.

[Author: NASA Earth Observatory image by Joshua Stevens, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey. Story by Kasha Patel.]” - via Wikimedia Commons

[strixcattus]

Assorted Venomous Noodles

...wow that looks empty with all the names hidden. It's not actually much better with them there—snakes don't tend to take up much room. You can try to guess which is which, and I'll try to figure out what to say about a bunch of snakes with short descriptions. I don't... get snakes, so they'll probably be pretty spare.

The Mlegtugwam

The Mlegtugwam is a kind of snake found mainly in crevices in cliff faces throughout most of Europe. There are several species of Mlegtugwam, each with its own range, though they all look very similar, with slate-grey scales, and most of them have a dashed or solid line down the middle of their back. They are venomous, but do not bite unless physically grabbed or trapped in the open, as they much prefer to hide in crevices when they feel threatened.

The Girtranaeg

The Girtranaeg is a snake found in the Valdivian forests in South America. It has pale green iridescent scales, and it kills its prey through constriction.

The Hrukgolklo

The Hrukgolklo is a two-headed snake found in Mexico. It can be distinguished by the unique coloration of its scales—bright white and dark red stripes, with thin gold bands between them. It is not venomous enough to pose a threat to humans, and on top of this is slow to bite unless it has been injured.

The Thagolgrom, Shabalrang, Tafmiwukri, Krefemklog, and Nrogklongo

The Thagolgrom, Shabalrang, Tafmiwukri, Krefemklog, and Nrogklongo are five different species of asp who together range from southern Europe to India to northern Africa. Though each is found in a different area, each range overlaps with at least two others, which causes great confusion due to the similarity of their appearances.

It is crucial to be able to tell them apart, however, as all of them are highly venomous and aggressive, and treatment must be specific to the snake. While each venom has distinctly different effects on the body, it is inadvisable to identify them in this way, as at the point they become distinct, not only is the victim likely to be in incredible pain, but their chances of survival are extremely low even if treated as soon as the symptoms become apparent.

The Kraehozdim

The Kraehozdim is a snake found in Italy. It is large, with black scales and a sandy-colored belly, and it tends to make its home in fields and pastures. It kills via constriction, and has been known to target livestock.

The Samgleshti

The Samgleshti is a snake found in the deserts of Africa. It is the color of sand, in which it buries itself partially for camouflage, waiting for prey to draw near. It can easily be identified by the four horn-like protrusions on its head—one at the tip of its nose, one between its eyes, and two ridges on the sides of its snout.

The Zriggwanto

The Zriggwanto is a flying snake found in forests in Great Britain, particularly Wales, with grey scales. It is venomous, but rarely attacks humans.

The Kramlengga

The Kramlengga is a flying snake found in the Arabian peninsula. It is white, and has an unusual method of flattening its body to an even greater extreme than other flying snakes, and twisting it in midair.

The Galwinglik

The Galwinglik is a small snake found everywhere from the southern United States to Brazil. It is rather unassuming and a solid blue-black in color, and it is generally very reclusive. Its venom is very strong and causes excruciating pain and slow paralysis.

The Yeakindra

The Yeakindra is a small snake found throughout most of East and Southeast Asia. It is a mottled brown in color, lending it excellent camouflage in soil or leaves, and its venom is so strong that most bitten by it do not survive long enough to be treated.

[mecthology]

The Dark Watchers from American Folklore.

The Dark Watchers are a group of mysterious dark human-like creatures who stand on the hills, ridges, and peaks of the Santa Lucia Mountains of California and Mount Mingus and Mount Graham of Arizona. They supposedly watch those who wander into the mountains and are not aggressive. They are most often spotted around twilight and are usually seen staring upwards toward the sky while standing atop the mountains. They seem to be some sort of spirits however their origins are currently unknown.

According to legend, no one has seen one up close and if someone were to approach them, they disappear.

While sometimes attributed to the Chumash people who historically inhabited the central and southern coastal regions of California, nothing analogous to the legend appears to exist in their mythology. When Spanish Settlers first moved into the area they were said to have witnessed the Dark Watchers whom they dubbed Los Vigilantes Oscuros.

The Dark Watchers are most famously given a brief mention in John Steinbeck's "Flight", included in the 1938 collection of his short stories The Long Valley. It is mentioned that " No one knew who the watchers were, nor where they lived, but it was better to ignore them and never to show interest in them".

According to newspaper archives in the mid-1960s, a Monterery Peninsula local and former high school principal went on a hiking trip in the Santa Lucias when he suddenly spotted a dark figure standing on a rock and surveying the area. When the principal called out to the other hikers, the creature vanished. More sightings continue to be made to this day.

Follow @mecthology for more lores and legends. DM for pic credit. https://www.instagram.com/p/CnSxwY1oDJB/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Exploring Russia’s Krenitsyna Volcano

An astronaut aboard the International Space Station took this photo of Onekotan Island while orbiting over the northwest Pacific Ocean. Onekotan is part of the Kuril Islands, an archipelago extending between the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia and Hokkaido in Japan. The photo shows Krenitsyna Volcano, located on the southern side of the island.

The low-oblique angle of the photograph accentuates the terrain, particularly cliffs, coastlines, and mountains. Note that the photo has been rotated (north is down) to minimize an optical illusion known as relief inversion.

The Tsar-Rusyr caldera is the crater-like depression visible in this image. Calderas form when the ground collapses into a partially emptied magma chamber during a large eruption. This caldera is surrounded by steep 300-meter (1000-foot) cliffs that cast shadows along the eastern interior of the volcano.

The caldera holds the blue waters of Kol’tsevoye Lake, which contrasts with the surrounding vegetated summer landscape. Reaching depths of up to 370 meters (1,200 feet), the lake is one of the deepest in Russia. Its surface reflects sunlight back to the camera, producing sunglint, and it also mirrors the clouds drifting above the central peak.

Situated at the center of the caldera is Krenitsyna Peak, which stands approximately 1,300 meters (4,200 feet) above sea level. The slopes of this stratovolcanic peak consist of dark-colored valleys and ridges, caused by volcanic flows and erosive processes, that reach the surface of Kol’tsevoye Lake. The last eruption of this complex occurred in November 1952 and was categorized as “moderate,” with a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 3.

West of the caldera, a mountain system is visible on the right side of the image. This rugged terrain contrasts with the opposite side of the caldera, where the landscape flattens out as it reaches the Pacific Ocean. Small patches of bright snow and ice remain in the valleys between the mountain and the coastline.

Astronaut photograph ISS069-E-71110 was acquired on August 19, 2023, with a Nikon D5 digital camera using a focal length of 1,150 millimeters. It is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations Facility and the Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by a member of the Expedition 69 crew. The image has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast, and lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by Chloe Locke, JETS II Contract at NASA-JSC.

[ywpd-translations]

Ride 725: Towards a new trial!!

Pag 1

1: Sohoku will become even stronger!!

An injection of will-power to power up!!

Pag 2

1: The Izu Peninsula is a group of massifs perched on the Pacific Ocean, with a view of Mt. Fuji and Hakone

2: In the center of the peninsula there's the hot spring Shuzenji

3: Since a long time ago, a railway for the hot-springs has been made

4: And it made it prosper as a tourists attraction

5: About 10km east of Shuzenji, climbing a ridge in the mountains

Pag 3

1: There's the sports park circuit for bicycles

Pag 4

1: Ohh, woah.... it's so huge, teh

Waaaaa this is incredible Rokudai!!

2: A huge pylon!

It looks like an hotel from that anime with the cars

3: It's- it's huge, teh

Where should we run, I don't kow this level!

4: You've never come here, Kinaka-kun?

I... I've ran in races, but I only went as far as Saitama, it's the first time I come here!!

Pag 5

1: This is Shizuoka!!

When we in the car, we even saw Mt. Fuji...!!

2: Th-th-th that's Mt. Fuji, teh!!

Wooah, it's true! It's so huge! It's more huge than in pictures

3: The camera makes it look smaller

You're right, teh

5: They're in high spirits, those two

Yeah

Pag 6

1: They were chose for the quaolifiers.... and won...

Of course they're excited

3: Let's go, the meeting is soon, Furuya

Yeah, Murakami

5: From now, for the next four days, the training camp will start!!

Pag 7

1: Those of you who get injured or don't feel good, report it immediately

There's no need to overdo it, you can retire in the middle

2: So we can retire, too?

Yeah

I'm glad

3: However

4: This training campalso serves as a selection for the six members who will participate in the Inter High

5: Those of you who want to run in the national competition, the Inter High

6: those of you who want to make a name for themselves, those of you who want to contribute to the team, and those of you who have the secret ambition of playing a flashy active role....

Pag 8

1: Run with everything you have!!

Squeeze out beyond your limit!!

This training camp's finishing order...

2: The first

3: six people

5: Will be the Inter High members regulars!!

Pag 9

1: This course has a 5km long climb

The practice menu for these four days

2: is to run

Pag 10

1: 1000km!!

Pag 11

1: 1000km!

1000km

1000Km!!!

2: Running 1000km is the only practice menu!!

3: Kinaka-kun....!!

4: 1000km... don't tell me

5: Yeah, it's an impossible number

My father's family home is in Aomori, so every year we go there by car, and to go there by car it takes half a day

6: How far do you think it is from Chiba to Aomori!?

Pag 12

1: It's 700km!!

3: 1000km is 300km longer than that!!

4: It's longer.... than from Chiba.... to Aomori.... teh

5: And tht's not all

10: This training camp is simple but intense

Naruko-san said it

Pag 13

1: This electronic scoreboard will show the distance and number of laps accumulated

2: There's a chip installed on your bikes

3: So you'll know the individual number of laps and ranking

4: So I don't have to count them myself?

I'm glad, it'll be comforting

1000km, so, uhm...?

5: You can check after every lap

How many laps you did

6: And how many laps did the others!!

Pag 14

1: “How many laps the others did”..... that means that you can see your own rank on the eletronic scoreboard!!

You have opponents to fight.... in other words, this is a “race”!!

2: During this training camp

A race of 1000km....””

3: It's not just running, it's about how to reach the goal faster than the other members

4: We're being tested!!

5: No!! Wait, Kinaka- the third years are included too, and including both the second and third years, there's no way we can be in the top six!!

Furuya

6: If it's just running... then isn't this training camp is useless?

7: We're too much at a disadvantage!!

It's too much for us first years!!

Pag 15

1: No.... I don't think we have no chances at all!! At the end Naruko-san talked about “requirements”

I think those might become our breakthrough!!

2: Requirements”!!

3: Breakthrough!? How!?

Well.... somehow- I've been thinking about various things...

See, as expected it's impossible

4: As nexpected, Kinaka-kun is thinking about how to make a breakthrough, teh!!

5: The “requirements” for the training camp that the Sohoku racing team organized to work towards the Inter High....

6: How to run during the training camp is basically up to you

Think for yourself and run

Pag 16

1: But there is one “requirement”

Huh? A requirement, what is it!?

Like they'll give us handicaps?

2: Until now, in mine and Hotshot's personal experience in Sohoku training camp

3: many things were used to bind us and made each of us stronger

4: But we talked about it and decided not to use them this time

Those who want to do it can do it on their own accord

5: Instead of that

6: For the next 15 minutes, discuss with each other and choose a partner

Huh, a partner!?

Pag 17

1: The onw you choose will be your buddy for this training camp!!

3: Buddy!?

4: They a partner... who you'lll... run with?

Among us!?

Can I choose anyone?

5: What do we do?

Can we choose someone who's around as strong as us? How about that

6: Sure

Pag 18

1: “Fighting in pairs”

This is this training camps “requirements”!!

2: Kinaka-kun!!

3: Rokudai!!

Pag 19

1: I'll say it once again!! Will you run with me, Rokudai!?

Okay!! Yeah, teh!! Kinaka-kun!!

4: The stickers on their helmets!!

5: To make it easy to identify your chosen buddy, stick the same stickers on your helmets

6: Ugh... the two who participated in the qualifiers

Furuya, we can't lose either

Nogami!!

Pag 20

1: Being a pait means that we can protect each other from the wind

That's right

2: And we can cooperate with other pairs, as four people!!

Alright!! Let's settle aqnd run!! No, as six people!!

I have a feeling this is gonna be okay

4: The other first years wioll be a bit of an hindrance

I want to scatter them as soon as possible

5: Can I ask you that?

6: Kaburagi-san!!

Pag 21

2: As expected

3: I guess they started already

We're a little late

4: Sorry, Danchiku

No, it's alright....

5: Uhm... so it's really.... not good?

7: Yeah

It's better to stop

[thorsenmark]

A Panoramic, Wide Angle View Along the Dune Ridge Trail (Indiana Dunes National Park) by Mark Stevens Via Flickr: Looking to the south-southwest while walking along a high ground of the Dune Ridge Trail in Indiana Dunes National Park. The view is with nearby trees and woods and then a grassy marsh in this part of the national park.

[rewrite-of-fire]

(If you want to use that base, please check the devientart page for the rules, my devientart is Ebony-The-Darkscale)

Mudwings, a group of Mudwings being called a brood or a bask, Dragons of Storgeheart

Description:

Large, round dragons with thick, usually warm, brown or green-ish colored scales, their nostrils are located on the top of their muzzle, they possess tusks which can grow upward or downward. Their eyes can be anywhere from brown, amber, yellow, green or blue. Their horns can be ridged and are usually curved, can be inward, upward or downward. Royalty have crown-shaped spikes on the top of their head.

Abilities:

Great lung capacity, adults are able to hold their breath for up to one hour. They are good swimmer. Their thick scales can protect them of minor damages. If their body temperature is high enough they can breathe fire.

Special abilities:

Sometimes, a clutch is laid and the eggs seem tainted with blood, the dragons hatched from such eggs have red eyes and the ability to resist fire

Lives in:

East of Pyrrhia, before the Tail Peninsula, is a land made out of marches, swamps and fields, it's the home of the Mudwings, called Storgeheart.

Canon Ruler:

Queen Moorhen

Current Royal Court:

Siblings of Queen Moorhen, Lord Corncrake, Lady Spottedcrake, Lord Coot and Lead Rail

Ally in the Sandwing Succesion War:

First allied to Blister, who, along with Queen Coral promised peace between the Mudwings, Sandwings and Seawings, the alliance was broken after the death of one Seawing General and Three Mudwings Generals. Burn immediately sought allyship with Queen Moorhen, with the promise of peace between both tribes for a thousand years if Burn became queen, as well as freedom for the Mudwings held in Queen Scarlet's Arena.

[voices-of-hyrule]

arstaóth (lands)

⦁ earst ♀ ("land"; "country"; "region"), pl. arstaóth ⦁ uilead ♀ ("province"; "prefecture") ⦁ searann ♂ ("heartland"; "interior [of a country]") ⦁ mealcuid ♀ ("kingdom"; "monarchy") ⦁ meilc ♂ ("king") ⦁ meilce ♀ ("queen") ⦁ naoischead ♀ ("principality") ⦁ noisich ♂ ("prince") ⦁ naoische ♀ ("princess") ⦁ íomrad ♀ ("duchy") ⦁ íomar ♂ ("duke") ⦁ íomra ♀ ("duchess") ⦁ rodhnad ♀ ("county"; "earldom") ⦁ rodhn ♂ ("count"; "earl") ⦁ rodhna ♀ ("countess") ⦁ barúinead ♀ ("barony") ⦁ barúinn ♂ ("baron") ⦁ barúine ♀ ("baroness") ⦁ damhaill ♂ ("state [sovereign polity]"; "government") ⦁ damhlainn ⚥ ("governor") ⦁ gamthúir ♂ ("republic"; "democracy") ⦁ rás ⚥ ("president"; "mayor") ⦁ moighlís ♀ ("council"; "committee"; "[of parliament/congress] chamber") ⦁ sáinidinn ♂ ("parliament") ⦁ seansailéir ⚥ ("chancellor"; "prime minister") ⦁ maoir ⚥ ("steward"; "exchequer") ⦁ acaidhd ⚥ ("marshal"; "minister of war") ⦁ rás-aoir ♂ ("capital city"), pl. rás-aoireóth

⦁ iabhaill ♂ ("[large] river") ⦁ nothaill ♂ ("[small] river"; "creek"; "stream") ⦁ iám ♂ ("ocean"; "sea") ⦁ oghaim ♂ ("lake") ⦁ breiche ♀ ("pond") ⦁ maisteanca ♀ ("swamp"; "fen"; "wetland") ⦁ eoghar ♂ ("forest") ⦁ chúirse ♀ ("woodland") ⦁ saoide ♀ ("field [both cultivated and wild]"; "grassland"); pl. saoid ⦁ óchu ♂ ("meadow"; "pasture") ⦁ teill ♂ ("hill"), cns: teall ⦁ gíbhea ♂ ("ridge"), pl: gíbheóth ⦁ oimhc ♂ ("valley") ⦁ gabhua ♂ ("highlands"; "uplands"), pl: gabhuóth ⦁ stúc ♂ ("cliff") ⦁ thárr ♂ ("mountain"), pl: tharairimh or [less commonly] thárraimh ⦁ caoiread ♀ ("village"; "hamlet") ⦁ beild ♂ ("town"), cns: beald ⦁ caile ♀ ("fortified town"; "burgh") ⦁ aoir ♂ ("city"), pl. aoireóth ⦁ cáire ♀ ("continent"; "landmass") ⦁ aoidh ♂ ("island") ⦁ innis ♂ ("peninsula") ⦁ spúir ♂ ("beach"; "shoreline"; "coast") ⦁ áraibhe ♀ ("desert") ⦁ seolchainn ♂ ("mesa"; "flat-topped mountain") ⦁ uach ♂ ("oasis") ⦁ taile ♀ ("canyon")

[purble-gaymer]

THESE MOUNTAINS SHOULD NOT EXIST

a rant/essay about dreamland's topography

disclaimer: i am a second year ENVS student and may get some details wrong. i don't really feel like sending this to my advisor (the local geologist) to proofread, so it'll have to do. i think she has more important things to do right now than read my kirby rant

to begin, we have to establish some basic rules about geology:

how do mountains form?

mountains come to be in a few ways: shifting plates and hot spots. hot spots are technically also to do with shifting plates, but we'll get to that later. let's talk about the plates first.

there are two kinds of tectonic plates: continental and oceanic. ocean plates are denser than continental plates, which means when an ocean and continental plate converge, the ocean plate will subduct under the continental plate. when two continental plates converge, because they are of similar density, they will collide. this process creates mountains.

mountains created by converging continental plates can be seen, for example, with the Himalayas. in this case, the mountains were formed by the Indian plate pushing up into the Eurasian plate. this method is off the table for dreamland because it is shown to be a peninsula (or at least a thin strip of land) surrounded by water.

ocean-continental convergence also creates mountains, but in a different fashion. this is the more relevant method because dreamland also has a volcano, an active one at that.

when ocean plates subduct under the land, they are forced down into the earth until they reach a melting point. sometimes this newly formed magma travels back to the surface, creating a hot spot. if this magma breaches the surface, it forms a volcano (that eventually cools into a mountain). this method can be seen in the Cascade mountains and the Andes.

the volcano/mountain's proximity to the coast depends on how steep the ocean plate's descent is. if we take a look at how close dreamland's mountains are to the shore...

...the ocean plate would have to be hitting its melting point almost immediately after subducting. forgive me for thinking this is unrealistic.

however, the inclusion of a volcano in this range is realistic! an O-C convergence would create a volcano like this. its portrayal within the show isn't really correct, but that's a post for a different day.

how this could potentially happen

not all hope is lost for the ocean-bordering mountain range, sort of. there are a few things that could have happened in popstar's history to cause something like this.

firstly, we should look at the Appalachian mountains. how did they get there? the North American plate is bordered on its east side by a mid-ocean ridge, where new crust is being created.

the Appalachians came to be around the time Pangea was coming together--the collision of the North American and African plates created the mountain range, and over time Pangea split apart, forcing the mountains away.

any map of tectonic plates will reveal a large split through the Atlantic ocean--this is a divergent boundary, where plates are being pushed apart in favor of creating new lithosphere (crust/upper mantle).

so, with all this in mind, there are a few things it could mean for our mountain range:

dreamland is actually an island, and we don't know because the overhead view doesn't show it

this would mean hot spots are relevant again: if a plate moves over a hot spot, magma can form into islands, especially volcanic ones. this is how Hawaii was formed, and why it is prone to volcanic activity. given that dreamland is an island, this would explain the presence of mountains. Hawaii's tallest peaks are still inland rather than right on the coast, but it's close enough.

2. a new fault/divergent boundary formed between dreamland's mountains and the opposing plate that created them

new faults aren't uncommon, though they don't always succeed. the New Madrid Seismic Zone, for example, made a small break in the American Midwest, but didn't get much farther than that. a successful fault or new divergent boundary could potentially push dreamland's mountains away from their neighboring plate. this is more like what happened to the Appalachians--though they're pretty far inland, so take that as you will. the new boundary would have to form quite close to the mountain range for them to be right on the shore like this.

3. the water has eroded away the land leading up to the mountains

now this isn't really one i have any backup for, i just wanted to throw it in because it came to mind. while it's possible for the ocean to have greatly eroded the land if it's been here for a long time, the mountains would still have to be very close to the shore to end up where they are. dreamland's proximity to the ocean could imply it has a delta at the end of the peninsula, and maybe one of the routes is along the mountains so the channel eats away at the shore for a while...who knows. but this one doesn't feel too realistic, either.

conclusion

as far as i'm aware, it isn't completely impossible for these mountains to exist, but they aren't exactly realistic, either. their proximity to the shore leaves too many questions that are hard to answer without any information about popstar's history and plate tectonics. most likely, dreamland is on an island, and was created as its plate moved over a hot spot. the existence of an active volcano implies that it is still sitting over this hot spot, and will eventually move away from it.

i must really miss my geology class if this is what i'm doing with my spare time. thank you for reading.

[weather-pnw]

Weather: Pacific Northwest

Report generated at 2024-11-21 12:00:11.784188-08:00 using satellite imagery and alert data provided by the National Weather Service.

High Wind Watch

WA:

Central Coast of Oregon

Clatsop County Coast

South Washington Coast

Tillamook County Coast

OR:

Central Coast of Oregon

Clatsop County Coast

South Washington Coast

Tillamook County Coast

Wind Advisory

WA:

Bellevue and Vicinity

Central Coast

East Puget Sound Lowlands

North Coast

OR:

Central and Eastern Lake County

Jackson County

Klamath Basin

Modoc County

Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County

CA:

Central Sacramento Valley

Central and Eastern Lake County

Klamath Basin

Mendocino Coast

Modoc County

Northeast Foothills/Sacramento Valley

Northern Humboldt Coast

Northern Humboldt Interior

Northern Sacramento Valley

Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County

Southern Humboldt Interior

Southwestern Humboldt

NV:

Greater Reno-Carson City-Minden Area

Mineral and Southern Lyon Counties

Flood Watch

WA:

Mason

OR:

South Central Oregon Coast

CA:

Central Sacramento Valley

Coastal Del Norte

Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore

Del Norte Interior

Marin Coastal Range

Mendocino Coast

Mountains Southwestern Shasta County to Western Colusa County

North Bay Interior Mountains

North Bay Interior Valleys

Northeast Foothills/Sacramento Valley

Northeastern Mendocino Interior

Northern Humboldt Coast

Northern Humboldt Interior

Northern Lake County

Northern Sacramento Valley

Northwestern Mendocino Interior

Shasta Lake Area / Northern Shasta County

Sonoma Coastal Range

Southeastern Mendocino Interior

Southern Humboldt Interior

Southern Lake County

Southern Trinity

Southwestern Humboldt

Southwestern Mendocino Interior

High Wind Warning

OR:

Central and Eastern Lake County

Curry County Coast

Klamath Basin

Modoc County

Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County

South Central Oregon Coast

CA:

Central Siskiyou County

Central and Eastern Lake County

Coastal Del Norte

Del Norte Interior

Klamath Basin

Modoc County

Northeast Siskiyou and Northwest Modoc Counties

Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County

Flood Warning

OR:

Coos

Siskiyou, CA

CA:

Humboldt

Mendocino

Siskiyou

Winter Storm Warning

ID:

Big Lost Highlands/Copper Basin

Sawtooth/Stanley Basin

Sun Valley Region

CA:

Greater Lake Tahoe Area

Lassen-Eastern Plumas-Eastern Sierra Counties

Mono

Northern Trinity

NV:

Greater Lake Tahoe Area

Lassen-Eastern Plumas-Eastern Sierra Counties

Winter Storm Watch

ID:

Big Lost Highlands/Copper Basin

Sawtooth/Stanley Basin

Sun Valley Region

CA:

Grant Grove Area

Kaiser to Rodgers Ridge

Kings Canyon NP

Sequoia NP

South End of the Upper Sierra

Upper San Joaquin River

West Slope Northern Sierra Nevada

Western Plumas County/Lassen Park

Yosemite NP outside of the valley

Flood Advisory

CA:

Butte

Humboldt

Lake

Lassen

Marin

Trinity

Beach Hazards Statement

CA:

Northern Monterey Bay

High Surf Advisory

CA:

Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore

San Francisco

San Francisco Peninsula Coast

Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast