#neurological function to survey

[raspberryjellybrains]

do I realize it's not wholly accurate nor reasonable to assign human psychology to inhuman beings who, as such, lack a human psyche? yes. however, it's my party, dance if I want to, we can get crazy let it all out.

[justanotherdreamingthought]

Shout out to a great study being done by the university of Edinborough on FND and the impact of stigma!

It’s an online survey, only about twenty minutes long. The more people with diagnosed FND who participate, the more likely it is that treatment and awareness will improve!

[covid-safer-hotties]

Double trouble: Hypermobility may increase Long Covid risk - Published Aug 6, 2024

“For a middle-aged woman who hasn’t had any actual injuries, I’ve had a huge amount of physical therapy,” says Liza DiLeo Thomas, a 52-year-old emergency medicine doctor in New Orleans and mom to five kids. “My neck muscles were always weak, my knees were bad. In retrospect, I was actually hypermobile, I just didn’t realize it.”

Hypermobility is a catch-all term for a spectrum of disorders characterized by joints capable of moving beyond the normal range of motion, often due to abnormalities in connective tissue. The most common of these disorders, which range from mild to severe, is known as Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (HEDS).

HEDS seems to be more common in women and also may be connected to some cases of Long Covid. A recent study found that people with the condition were 30% more likely not to have recovered fully from Covid-19 infection, based on symptom surveys.

“I got my first Covid infection in March of 2020,” Thomas told The Sick Times. “After [my] second infection, I never recovered.”

Thomas has not been able to return to work in the ER. Worse still, her kids brought home more Covid-19 infections, and each reinfection over the course of the next three years triggered novel, debilitating symptoms, such as painful skin rashes and mild myelitis, an inflammation of the spinal cord. “I believe I’ve had Covid a total of five times,” she said.

In April 2021, she ended up at the office of Tulane University School of Medicine neurologist Michele Longo, who was helming a new Long Covid clinic. Longo and her colleagues have discovered that vulnerability to Long Covid may sometimes be linked to hypermobility.

Longo referred Thomas to multiple specialists, including Dr. Jacques Courseault, founder of Tulane’s specialty hypermobility clinic, launched in 2022. It is one of the few of its kind in the world. Collaboration between that clinic and Longo’s Long Covid clinic has yielded novel clues to the connection between the two conditions.

“The specialist at the clinic pushed along my iliotibial band and other parts of my leg,” recalled Thomas. “And he said, ‘Your muscle pain is not due to muscle damage. You’re hypermobile.’” Muscles will chronically contract to stabilize weak joints in hypermobile individuals, leading to chronic pain.

That insight gave clues to what might be off balance in Thomas’ body, and pointed the way for treatments that helped improve her function, including antihistamines, low-dose naltrexone, and lots of saltwater to help increase blood volume, as she was later diagnosed with dysautonomia and small fiber neuropathy. With her condition better managed, she now works part-time for the same hospital in an administrative role, mostly from home.

How a connective tissue disorder might increase risk of Long Covid Longo, the Tulane neurologist, is the kind of doctor who listens closely to her patients

“My migraine headaches brought me to neurology as a profession,” she told The Sick Times. “I’ve been living my whole life in that space of having a chronic condition that does not have a biomarker. That lends itself very well to believing my patients and empathizing with them.”

Early in the pandemic, she started seeing chronically ill individuals who were much younger than her typical patient, and who had not recovered from an acute Covid-19 case.

At her Long Covid clinic, she began to notice that some of her patients were hypermobile. She diagnosed them via the traditional Beighton scoring system — a simple in-office test which checks the flexibility of joints such as the fingers, elbows, knees, and spine. Then, she sent them over to the EDS clinic, where Courseault inevitably confirmed her suspicion. “Every patient I sent him was indeed hypermobile,” she said.

This past April, Longo and colleagues published a report on five hypermobile females with Long Covid aged 33 to 51. Once diagnosed and treated at the EDS clinic for common issues associated with hypermobility, they began to see some improvements. Longo and colleagues are now putting together a case series on fifty patients.

Read the rest at either link!

[naevose]

ooc . After some chit-chats with @massensterben, I’ll be adding a verse where Marco ultimately transfers from the Military Police to the Survey Corps. Due to his physical and neurological disabilities, he cannot hold an offensive position or one that has a heavy focus on teamwork or group manoeuvres. Instead, he functions as a medic, in a support squad composed of largely independent scouts. Through this transfer, he is present for the raid on Liberio. Needless to say, Marco does not approve of the ambush.

[the-real-zhora-salome]

In the stillness of London’s Harold Pinter Theatre, as David Tennant crouched on stage to deliver a pivotal soliloquy in Macbeth, chaos erupted.

A patron, incensed after being asked to wait before returning to his seat after a loo break, began shouting indignantly from the wings. Demanding immediate access, he disrupted the performance with his cries of, “two hours without a loo break! I paid £250 to see David Tennant in Macbeth and I was really looking forward to it!”

Staff intervened, but the situation escalated when the man shoved security personnel. Frustrated, fellow theatergoers began slow-clapping and chanting “out, out, out!” until he was forcibly removed, booed all the way to the door.

The incident spread rapidly across social media, sparking debates about audience etiquette. One commenter encapsulated the frustration many felt:

"Some people just do not know how to behave in public, and at the theatre, they feel they should be able to get up and move around, talk, and even look at their mobiles. They behave as if they are at home."

Others, however, sought to clarify the sequence of events, pointing to a misunderstanding that framed the outburst. Another user explained:

"The disgruntled ticket holder caused a furore when he was told he would have to wait to return to his seat after returning from the toilet. He wasn’t refused re-admission completely, just asked to wait for a suitable moment to retake his seat. All this person’s rage was because he couldn’t sit back down immediately – he HAD to wait a few minutes."

This raises a troubling question: How could such a minor inconvenience – a short wait for an appropriate pause in the performance – escalate into such aggression? And why does this kind of behaviour seem to be happening in theatres more frequently?

The Macbeth incident is part of a broader trend of escalating audience disruptions. Theatres across the UK have reported an increase in violent, aggressive, and antisocial behaviour since the pandemic.

Earlier this year, a performance of the Bodyguard at Manchester’s Palace Theatre ended in chaos. Audience members, determined to sing over the cast during the final number, sparked a confrontation so intense that the production was stopped and police were called, arriving in riot vans.

Disruptions have ranged from heckling and shouting to physical altercations and even instances of public urination in seats. One front-of-house worker described to the Guardian how, since the beginning of the pandemic, she and her colleagues have faced escalating violence and abuse, breaking up fights and enduring verbal attacks on a weekly basis.

A recent survey by the Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph, and Theatre Union (BECTU) found that 90% of theatre workers had experienced or witnessed unacceptable behavior from audiences, with 70% saying such incidents have worsened since the beginning of pandemic.

What’s driving this rise in impatience, aggression, and disregard for others? The answer may lie in the lingering neurological effects of Covid-19 (coronavirus).

Initially dismissed as a result of post-lockdown awkwardness or direct sales of alcohol to audiences at theatres, this behavioural shift now appears to have a biological component. Covid-19, widely understood as a respiratory illness early in the pandemic, is now recognised as a vascular disease that affects multiple systems in the body, including the brain.

Even infections whose symptoms appear ‘mild’ can lead to long-term neurological changes, with symptoms such as emotional dysregulation, impulsiveness, and aggression becoming more common.

Neuropsychiatrist Dr. Adam Kaplin of Johns Hopkins University describes a phenomenon he calls “Covid-induced disinhibition,” in which individuals exhibit drastic personality changes after infection.

According to Kaplin, it is not the virus itself but the immune system’s inflammatory response to Covid-19 that can alter brain function, particularly in areas governing impulse control, empathy, and emotional regulation. These changes can manifest as uncharacteristic aggression, a diminished capacity for social norms, and a skewed sense of entitlement.

Covid isn’t just changing how we feel physically, it’s reshaping how we think and act.

Impatience, like that exhibited by the audience member who refused to wait for an appropriate moment to return to his seat, might seem like a minor issue. But in the context of Covid-19’s neurological impact, it represents something much larger: a fundamental shift in the way we think, process emotions, and interact with the world.

One person’s impatience at a play can be irritating, but in other contexts it can be lethal.

A 2024 study published in Neurology revealed that Covid-19 survivors were 50% more likely to be involved in car accidents compared to those who had never been infected. Researchers compared this increased risk to driving under the influence, linking it to heightened impulsivity and reduced attention spans.

Traffic fatalities in the U.S., which had been steadily declining for decades, have risen sharply since the pandemic. Between 2018 and 2023, speeding-related deaths increased by 21%, while fatalities linked to distracted driving climbed by 16%.

Brain imaging studies have revealed that Covid can thin the gray matter in the frontal and temporal lobes – areas critical to moral reasoning, impulse control, and empathy. Thinning of these areas doesn’t necessarily result in cognitive symptoms or forgetfulness in the early stages. Instead, it often manifests as disinhibition, with individuals exhibiting uncharacteristic impulsivity, poor judgment, or aggressive behaviour that might not seem immediately related to intelligence or memory.

Damage to these regions of the brain can induce what has been called ‘a slow and insidious loss of the capacity for moral rationality’. What begins as disinhibition – minor lapses in patience or self-control – can escalate over time into more sociopathic behaviour, with profound consequences for society at large.

This crisis extends beyond theatre etiquette; it is a public health issue. If the whole of society are experiencing cumulative damage to our nervous systems, the consequences for society, even geopolitics, are cause for alarm. Theatre can lead the way, not only with protecting performers, crew, venue staff and audiences, but in modelling how governments and institutions can prevent further damage to the nation’s health and intellectual capital.

Advocacy groups like Protect the Heart of the Arts argue that addressing these disruptions requires tackling their root cause: COVID itself.

Theatres can lead by example by adopting measures that prioritise clean air and accurate on-site testing.

In 2021, the National Theatre in London upgraded their ventilation with HEPA air filtration. In April 2024, this may have allowed performances to continue when Michael Sheen, the lead actor of Nye, fell ill. Instead of the illness spreading to the rest of the cast, Sheen was replaced with understudy Lee Mungo for several performances.

By contrast, David Tennant’s Macbeth was cancelled for four consecutive performances and returned with the support of six understudies. Other venues can follow suit, combining air quality improvements with on-site molecular testing, like PlusLife, that delivers PCR-level accuracy in minutes.

Audience masking, though politically contentious, is a cost-effective measure that could protect both patrons and performers.

But the responsibility extends beyond theatres.

Governments, institutions, and individuals must recognise Covid’s connection to anti-social behaviour and invest in policies which will curb transmission, including face masks in healthcare settings and on-site molecular testing, such as PlusLife.

If Covid is contributing to the erosion of moral reasoning and impulse control, then preventing further infections isn’t just about health—it’s about preserving the fabric of our social lives.

Theatre has always reflected our individual and collective struggles, and Macbeth itself serves as a cautionary tale about moral decay.

Today, the challenge is to confront the slow erosion of our collective empathy and impulse control, not from ambition, but from infectious disease.

The question cannot be more urgent: if Covid-19 is silently reshaping our brains and behaviours, what kind of society will we become? The answer, as always, lies in our willingness to confront the truth and to act before we find ourselves having lost our grasp on morality – just like the play’s titular character.

[vaerjs]

Scusa un attimo, ho letto il post sull esame di stato, lungi da me farci sopra un discorso e una critica seria e articolata perché so un cazzo io di scuola, ma ora il corsivo in terza media è tipo una cosa speciale??? (Tralasciando chi veniva da fuori..) Ma solo io sono stato cresciuto già dalle elementari con dettati enormi fatti sotto minaccia armata di pagine e pagine di testi a caso, da professoresse che nel mentre godevano nel vederci con i crampi alla mano si fumavano una sigaretta vicino alla finestra e guai a chi fiatava?! Alle medie poi programmi erano già abbastanza complessi..

Berninger, V. W., Vaughan, K. B., Abbott, R. D., Abbott, S. P., Rogan, L. W., Brooks, A., Reed, E., & Graham, S. (2006). Effective treatment for dysgraphia in children with learning disabilities: A combined single-subject and group approach. Learning Disability Quarterly, 29(2), 79-92. https://doi.org/10.2307/30035532

Feder, K. P., & Majnemer, A. (2007). Handwriting development, competency, and intervention. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 49(4), 312-317. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00312.x

James, K. H., & Engelhardt, L. (2012). The effects of handwriting experience on functional brain development in pre-literate children. Trends in Neuroscience and Education, 1(1), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tine.2012.08.001

Konnikova, M. (2014, June 2). What’s lost as handwriting fades. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/03/science/whats-lost-as-handwriting-fades.html

Longcamp, M., Zerbato-Poudou, M. T., & Velay, J. L. (2005). The influence of writing practice on letter recognition in preschool children. Acta Psychologica, 119(1), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2004.10.019

Pinnelli, S. (2021). Inclusion and contexts. A survey on fonts and High Readability among heterogeneous readers. Italian Journal of Special Education for Inclusion, IX, 1, 63‐73 | https://doi10.7346/sipes-01-2021-09

[pilot-posting]

🔞 "Asynchrosis" Pt.4

i'm so happy folks are reading and enjoying asynchrosis, this is easily one of my favorite pieces in a while,,,,,, anyway here's your part 4, i can't believe this is 3 nights in a row i've posted at least one part of this stuff,,,

"Lucid Dreams in the Trauma Center."

"Is she gonna' be alright? She's one of the few support pilots in this section of the fleet, we can't have her inoperable should we come under separatist fire." The doctor listened to the lieutenant, shaking his head slowly as she spoke. He was keeled over his desk looking through synapse reports on a collection of holo displays. Like all therapists he was overworked, mech pilots were a needy breed of soldier.

"Lieutenant, I can't assure anything. We've never seen a pilot go into Synchrosis that quick. This condition could be anything from a mild genetic mutation causing synapse reactivity to skyrocket, to a serious health risk related to pilot-mecha neurolink." He stuttered over his words as they tumbled from his lips, "If we put her back in a mechanized infantry suit, she could experience a total synaptic collapse, she could become neurologically dependent on halo connectivity, she could be even worse than other Class-X pilots -- chasing unreasonable, inhumane highs--" The lieutenant stared at him as he spoke, her lip furled on the right and her eye twitched a little on the left, it was clear that she wanted results, not... explanations.

"Find an answer doc, or I'll replace you with someone who will." She walked out, flapping her tailcoat in one swift motion as her hands moved down the zipper at the front of the jacket.

I climbed up the rickety mobile stairs which were placed at the foot of my machine, all the while staring at it's visage, a pink chevron struck into the purple finish of the rest of the machine, it's "faceplate" was a clean, smooth surface. This panel was made up of millions of LED bulb like sensor arrays, it was used to give me, when plugged into the halo port, an incredibly wide field of view to better survey and assess the needs of my squadmates on the battlefield. The stairs terminated at an entry port in between the two large shoulder plates of the mech. These plates contained a variety of medium explosive deployable armaments on a rotary wheel -- enough to bust really any conventional vehicles. I walked into the small space, it was a semi-spherical chamber of pure titanium planted in the upper breast-plate of the mech. This space, called the heart, was the shared containment chambers of the pilot, and also the synapse link drive, which was essentially the most advanced type of computer to have ever been developed.

I stared at the mold I would soon step into, suspended around the fairly innocent seeming system of clasps and locks, was a series of snug fitting silicon carbonate pads, held in open air by robotic arms. The functions mechanic walked into the pod behind me and gave me a wink. I just looked at her excitedly, waiting for her to help me get in. My functions mechanic was a little older than me, 31 to be exact, she had a head full of curly red hair which she was quite fond of wearing up on a ponytail. Today she was wearing a loosely fitting black sleeveless shirt, under it, she wore a sports bra. which covered her adorable B cups. The shirt was tucked into a pair of similarly loosely fitting cargo pants that were suspended by a mechanics belt. She looked rough in the nicest way possible.

"You ready starstrider?" she said with a smirk at me, I couldn't help but giggle a little, I was drunk off lust as the sensory enhancers caused any minor movement around my tip to make me almost quiver from want... this became a problem the moment I saw her, and got so horny I almost came on the spot. Most Class-X pilots have a pavlovian response to their functions mechanics, or handlers. They associate them with being allowed to use their mech, and they will do almost anything for them because of this. Handlers and pilots often form pseudo-romantic relationships, or extremely casual sexual relationships. It's not uncommon on a Galligos ship which carries Class-X pilots to catch handlers and pilots making out in the halls, fingering or stroking eachother, sometimes in private, sometimes in public. Other times you'll see a pilot wrapped around their handlers leg when in public lounges, or wearing little trinkets their handlers ordered for them. I was personally partial to the collar my handler bought me. It was black with silver etching on the side that spelled out her name. It blended in well enough with my bodysuit.

I blinked back to consciousness after imagining her plowing me into the ground with her 8 inch dick later, and nodded at her, "Y-yes ma'am!"

She walked up to me and helped me mount into the mold, applying a simple metal rig device to my bulge which would allow the siphoning liquid to vacuum seal my girldick erect, instead of plastered to my stomach. aside from that she latched all of the major ports to the holes in my body suit, and made sure the bodysuit itself was firmly connected to the airlocks between the port, the bodysuits preplaced entrances, and finally the connecting mechanisms as to prevent wasting siphoning gel. When she got to latching the collection mechanism to the airlock around my tip, she leaned down in front of me and slipped my tip into her soft lips, I couldn't even see her, my face was covered by the auxiliary vision link, a VR system which would allow me to see if my halo link failed. I gasped, and let out a high pitched "Mffffhaaaa~", when I felt her lips run over the small metal ring that formed the airlock when the collection mechanism was connected, I winced and attempted to move, but all I could do was go limp as she slipped my pathetic 5 inches all the way into her mouth. I felt her hands run up along my slutty waist, I couldn't hold it anymore. I immediately shot a load into her mouth, staying incredibly erect. When she finished swallowing it, I felt her head pull back and as she lifted off my girldick she made a cute pop with her lips.

"Naughty girl~ You should save that for the mech." She then roughly attached the collection mechanism to the airlock, causing me to shoot another load into the tube. She smiled at me and pulled the lever beside her, causing the plating to wrap around me, she listened to me moan through her vox channel on our halos as she couldn't hear through the compression plating. I knew she had reached into her pants to stroke herself, and imagining her nonchalantly standing with the lever pulled in her left hand, and her right hand moving up and down her massive dick made me cum again into the collection mechanism. Finally, I felt it start, the siphoning gel was all suctioned up through the tips in the neck in a matter of seconds. The tubes were evacuated from the neck port and instantly, I felt the airlock clasps ram into my neck. I yipped and whimpered into nothingness, once again cum pumping out of me. I felt the sustenance ports extend and directly inject me with liquid water and vitamin paste.

In my head, as if a phantom I heard "Bye bye pretty starstrider~" as the mech finally plugged it's thick fucking neurolink into my halo port. I felt my mind meld and warp, until eventually my eyes began to lie. I could see the hangar around me, oh what a familiar feeling. It was at this point that the stimulus methods were deployed to my body, splayed out and suspended in open air inside the heart. The fleshlights lips wrapping around my tip, then being pushed down to my base. It was designed perfectly for me, I instantly released a fifth load as it started to vibrate and suction onto me, the synthskin being activated in my bodysuit made it feel as if there wasn't even a centimeter of clothing separating my girldick from it's lubricated interior. Shortly after, my ass was stuffed with a lube drenched rectal vibrator, immediately feeling it poke against my g-spot, I winced with anticipation for only a second as it started violently vibrating, I know whatever noise I made as it assaulted me with pleasure, my handler probably enjoyed it thoroughly.

Finally, I was prepared to be given control. The mech was suspended off the hangar floor by a series of deployment racks which held it up by the shoulders. I could feel the claws gripping the mech as if it was my own body. My excited brain caused the vibration in my ass and around my girldick to grow aggressive, I heard the countdown start through my halo-link.

5.

I had already begun to lose my sense of self as I wanted nothing more than to be released,

4.

I yearned for the rush of battle, I wanted to watch separatist reactor cores explode, and tanks be throttled into oblivion by archer missiles.

3.

I thought of infantry, insignificant squirming people, running under my heels.

2.

I lusted for the spill of coolant fluids over my chest, the simulated cold applied to me through my synthskin suit.

1.

My body desired nothing but the cold grip of my rocket pistol, and the orgasmic joy of firing it's payload.

0.

My eyes shot open.

The blue overhead lights shot on and my boxers were soaking wet.

Fuck. Not again.

[notdefinedbyfnd]

Calling students, faculty members, and staff of secondary education Institutions!!!

We are conducting a survey to assess the current level of awareness, understanding, and availability of information and educational resources on Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) among secondary education institutions (universities, colleges, etc.) 

Click to see more details and/or take the survey. Don’t forget to share, share, share! :) Thank you in advance for your participation!

[pluralityresearch]

hi! For the survey, unless I missed it, could you add functional neurological disorder to the disorders list? It’s a big part of our lives and I think it’d be important to add it

Of course! We will add that right away. Thanks for the ask!

[sobercentre]

According to recent research, about 30-40% of drug-exposed babies (Drug Addiction on Babies) suffer from various problems such as controlling behavior, developmental problems, congenital anomalies, poor mental health, difficulty in concentrating, and fine motor control disorders. Previous research has already concluded that babies born to addicted mother face long term effects drug exposure in addition to limitations in community and environmental health. Here we will discuss the long-term effects of certain drugs on babies. Cocaine Addiction Cocaine exposure affects the babies in the uterus by interacting with serotonin and dopamine pathways that cause neurological changes. Some of these neurological changes persist even during adulthood which causes behavioral problems, while others may resolve before adulthood at some stage. Prenatal exposure to cocaine leads to various diseases that have been proved via clinical trials. These diseases include seizures, schizophrenia, depression, and Parkinson’s disease. Some researchers also suggest the prevalence of cardiac diseases in babies whose mothers' abused cocaine during the pregnancy. Cocaine reduces the blood supply to the fetus causing fetal distress and growth restriction inside the uterus. Heroin Addiction Heroin addiction during pregnancy is associated with cognitive and behavioral problems in addition to the instability of the home environment in babies. According to epidemiological surveys, a small number of children live with their heroin-addicted biological mothers at the age of five years. More than 65% of children whose mothers are addicted to heroin require special education services or additional time to pass a grade. Heroin addiction is also associated with low birth weight, small head circumference, poor memory and thinking, and low IQ levels. However, according to studies, children adopted by non-addicted parents showed significant improvement in developmental and cognitive functions. Babies born to heroin-addicted mothers are often born with an addiction to heroin and suffer the consequences such as adverse and withdrawal effects of heroin throughout their lives. Caffeine and Nicotine Addiction Caffeine intake in adequate amounts is usually safe for both pregnant mothers and babies. However, consumption of more than 300 mg per day is hazardous and increases the risk of heart defects and low birth weight. Smoking is associated with behavioral and mental issues in addition to growth restriction inside the uterus. According to research, there is a significant decrease in the risk of sudden infant death syndrome in babies whose mothers are chronic smokers and did not quit smoking even during pregnancy. Other problems include learning disabilities and anxiety. Alcohol Addiction According to research, a fetus born to an alcoholic mother has a high risk of suffering from Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder includes a combination of disorders associated with alcohol consumption, which include Fetal Alcohol Effects, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder. Other abnormalities associated with alcohol addiction during pregnancy include bone deformities, low birth weight, small head circumference, cognitive disabilities, and motor problems. References: The developmental outcome of children born to heroin-dependent mothers, raised at home or adopted. Child Abuse & Neglect Alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, and mental disorders. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

[nikshahxai]

Neuroscience & Cognitive Science | Hashnode Books | Nik Shah | Part 2

35. Neuroaugmentation: Mastering the Prefrontal Cortex, Lobotomies, Augmented Intelligence, and Neural Networks

Paragraph 1: Survey the evolution of neuroaugmentation, from primitive lobotomies to cutting-edge brain–computer interfaces. This text challenges ethical, social, and scientific boundaries. Paragraph 2: Each chapter highlights breakthroughs that may redefine cognition, personal identity, and future technology. Get informed at Neuroaugmentation.

36. Mastering the Cerebellum, Prefrontal Cortex, Motor Cortex, and Broca's Area

Paragraph 1: Delve into how these brain regions coordinate movement, planning, and language production. Each segment offers a close look at neural pathways, synaptic plasticity, and functional integration. Paragraph 2: Case studies on stroke recovery and skill acquisition illustrate the marvel of neuroplasticity. Learn more at Mastering the Cerebellum, Prefrontal Cortex, Motor Cortex, and Broca's Area.

37. Mastering the Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Primary Auditory Cortex, Wernicke’s Area, Hippocampus, Somatosensory Cortex, and Association Areas

Paragraph 1: Gain an overarching view of how these cortical areas shape our perception, memory formation, and language comprehension. Anatomical charts simplify complex neural circuits. Paragraph 2: By linking these elements, the text reveals how each region weaves together our conscious experience. Check out Mastering the Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, and More.

38. Mastering Occipital Lobe, Amygdala, Primary Visual Cortex, Visual Association Areas, Cingulate Gyrus, Hypothalamus, and Nucleus Accumbens

Paragraph 1: See how visual processing in the occipital lobe collaborates with emotional interpretation from the amygdala and reward signals from the nucleus accumbens. Paragraph 2: Each subsection addresses a unique neural loop, painting a bigger picture of perception, motivation, and behavior. Dive into it at Mastering Occipital Lobe, Amygdala, and More.

39. Neuroscience Mastered by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: This all-in-one overview synthesizes foundational theories and emerging discoveries in neuroscience. Every chapter clarifies concepts like synaptic plasticity, electrophysiology, and cognitive processes. Paragraph 2: Ideal for students or professionals seeking both breadth and depth, it emphasizes real-life applications of neuroscience research. Learn more at Neuroscience Mastered by Sean Shah.

40. Mastering Neuroplasticity and Neuroanatomy by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Dive specifically into neuroanatomy and how neuroplasticity reshapes pathways after injury or during learning. The text incorporates diagrams and rehab protocols for various conditions. Paragraph 2: Case stories exemplify how dedicated training rewires the brain for better performance and resilience. Read on at Mastering Neuroplasticity and Neuroanatomy.

41. Mastering L-Dopa and Tryptophan by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Focus on two key molecules—L-Dopa (precursor to dopamine) and tryptophan (serotonin precursor). Readers will grasp how they impact mood, motor control, and metabolic processes. Paragraph 2: Sections address common supplementation pitfalls, dosage timing, and synergy with other nutrients. Gain clarity at Mastering L-Dopa and Tryptophan.

42. Mastering Neurotransmitter Receptor Inhibitors: L-Dopa, Tryptophan, Essential Strategies for Neurology Pharmacological Success by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Extending the exploration of L-Dopa and tryptophan, this title dives into how receptor inhibitors can modulate these pathways. Therapies discussed include disease-specific tactics for Parkinson’s or depression. Paragraph 2: A balanced approach covers both potential breakthroughs and cautionary guidelines for clinical practice. Dive deeper at Mastering Neurotransmitter Receptor Inhibitors.

43. Mastering Dopamine Synthesis, Production, Supplementation, and Availability by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Delve into the specifics of dopamine, from its chemical precursors to environmental factors influencing its release. Supplementation strategies and lifestyle modifications are also outlined. Paragraph 2: Enhanced production can improve motivation, learning, and emotional balance, while mismanagement triggers adverse outcomes. Learn more at Mastering Dopamine Synthesis.

44. Dopamine Receptor Antagonist: Dopaminergic Blockers by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Blocking dopamine can treat certain disorders but also disrupt reward pathways. This reference discusses the subtleties of dose, receptor subtype, and therapeutic index. Paragraph 2: Medical examples show how dopaminergic blockers may alleviate psychosis or stabilize mood swings. Gain insights at Dopamine Receptor Antagonist.

45. Mastering Dopamine Receptors: Unlocking the Power of DRD1 and DRD2 for Cognitive and Emotional Balance by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Dig into DRD1 and DRD2 subtypes, seeing how they govern motivation, decision-making, and emotional states. This title clarifies how imbalances can cause addiction or apathy. Paragraph 2: Clinical vignettes reinforce real-world implications, helping you understand the fine-tuning required for mental health. Discover more at Mastering Dopamine Receptors: DRD1 & DRD2.

46. Mastering Dopamine Receptors: Harnessing DRD3, DRD4, and DRD5 for Optimal Brain Function and Behavior by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Extend your knowledge of dopamine’s influence by exploring lesser-known receptor subtypes DRD3, DRD4, and DRD5. Topics range from impulse control to personality traits. Paragraph 2: Each chapter pairs research findings with practical insights for medication or lifestyle interventions. Learn more at Mastering Dopamine Receptors: DRD3, DRD4, DRD5.

47. Dopamine Agonist by Sean Shah

Paragraph 1: Investigate how dopamine agonists mimic the neurotransmitter’s effects to treat ailments like Parkinson’s, restless legs syndrome, or certain mood disorders. Paragraph 2: Warnings on potential side effects, such as impulsivity or dyskinesia, balance the optimistic findings. Explore these nuances at Dopamine Agonist.

48. Mastering Glutamate Synthesis, Production, and Availability

Paragraph 1: Glutamate is a key excitatory transmitter in the CNS. Understand how it’s synthesized, stored, and released—along with factors that can trigger excitotoxicity. Paragraph 2: Includes guidelines to optimize neuronal health through nutritional and pharmacological approaches. Read more at Mastering Glutamate Synthesis.

49. Mastering Glutamate Blockers: A Comprehensive Guide to Glutamate Antagonists and Their Therapeutic Applications

Paragraph 1: Glutamate antagonists can protect neurons under stress, but come with complex side effects and dosage concerns. This title clarifies drug classes, target sites, and clinical benefits. Paragraph 2: Each chapter reviews real-case data, highlighting both successes and complications in neurological conditions. Check specifics at Mastering Glutamate Blockers.

50. Mastering Glutamate Agonists: Exploring Their Role in Neurochemistry and Therapeutic Applications

Paragraph 1: Contrary to blockers, agonists stimulate glutamate pathways—potentially aiding learning processes but also risking neurotoxicity. Detailed discussions examine how balancing is key. Paragraph 2: Discover how ongoing research may open new frontiers for treating certain cognitive or psychiatric conditions. Learn more at Mastering Glutamate Agonists.

51. Norepinephrine, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), and Glutamate

Paragraph 1: Explore the interplay among three pivotal neurotransmitters—norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate. Each modulates alertness, inhibition, and excitation. Paragraph 2: Real-world examples of imbalances illustrate why holistic approaches are vital for mental health and cognition. Uncover more at Norepinephrine, GABA, and Glutamate.

52. Mastering GABA Synthesis, Production, and Availability

Paragraph 1: GABA’s inhibitory effect balances the brain’s electrical activity, preventing hyperexcitability. This guide explains how GABA is produced, stored, and regulated in different contexts. Paragraph 2: Nutritional and supplemental approaches support GABA levels for stress reduction and sleep quality. Read more at Mastering GABA Synthesis.

53. Mastering GABA Agonists: A Comprehensive Guide

Paragraph 1: GABA agonists—which include certain benzodiazepines—help calm overstimulated neurons. Detailed chapters examine dosage, receptor subtypes, and dependencies. Paragraph 2: Each section also explores how synergy with other neurotransmitters shapes sedation, relaxation, or anti-anxiety outcomes. Check out Mastering GABA Agonists.

54. Mastering GABA Blockers: Inhibiting the Calm

Paragraph 1: Blocking GABA can raise alertness or help in specific medical cases but risks triggering anxiety or seizures. This text clarifies how these blockers function and when they’re clinically justified. Paragraph 2: Cautionary guidelines ensure awareness of potential side effects. Learn more at Mastering GABA Blockers.

55. Mastering the Brainstem: The Medulla Oblongata, Pons, and Midbrain

Paragraph 1: Journey through the core of basic life functions—breathing, heartbeat, and reflexes. The medulla, pons, and midbrain each coordinate indispensable processes. Paragraph 2: Visual diagrams and clinical examples bring clarity to how injuries or disorders disrupt these critical pathways. Explore more at Mastering the Brainstem.

56. Mastering the Diencephalon: Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pineal Gland, Pituitary Gland

Paragraph 1: Discover the control hub that regulates hormones, sleep cycles, and sensory relays. Each section covers a distinct structure’s roles in maintaining bodily equilibrium. Paragraph 2: Strategies for optimizing diet, light exposure, and stress management further support diencephalon function. Read more at Mastering the Diencephalon.

57. Mastering Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (NACHRs)

Paragraph 1: These receptors shape muscle contraction, memory coding, and even addiction pathways. The resource clarifies how nicotine and other ligands bind to NACHRs. Paragraph 2: Real cases highlight potential therapies for neurodegenerative diseases or cognitive enhancement. Learn more at Mastering Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.

58. Mastering Neural Oscillation Brainwaves: Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Theta Waves

Paragraph 1: Explore the brain’s rhythmic patterns that correlate with various states—alertness, relaxation, deep sleep, and creativity. Each wave type is deciphered for practical applications. Paragraph 2: Biofeedback training, meditation, and advanced gadgets help harness or shift brainwave states. Dive in at Mastering Neural Oscillation Brainwaves.

59. Dopamine: Unlocking Motivation, Pleasure, and Reward

Paragraph 1: Focusing broadly on dopamine’s role in reward circuits, this title highlights how everyday choices—from diet to social media—affect motivation. Paragraph 2: The discussion includes addictive behaviors and healthier ways to harness dopamine for sustainable drive. Gain insights at Dopamine: Unlocking Motivation.

60. Mastering Estrogen: Stimulating eNOS Activity, Leading to Increased NO Production

Paragraph 1: Understand estrogen’s cardiovascular benefits, including how it may boost nitric oxide levels for better vascular function. This resource distills complex hormonal interactions. Paragraph 2: Chapters cover both physiological and clinical contexts, from reproductive health to heart disease. Discover more at Mastering Estrogen.

[technoinnovations]

Transforming Rehabilitation Training Using Virtual Reality

Rehabilitation training refers to a structured program designed to help individuals recover or improve their physical, mental, or cognitive functions after an injury, illness, surgery, or a health condition. The goal of rehabilitation training is to restore as much function as possible, enhance the quality of life, and help individuals regain independence in daily activities.

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative tool in the field of rehabilitation, offering immersive and engaging environments for patients recovering from injuries, surgeries, or neurological conditions. By integrating VR into rehabilitation training, clinicians can provide patients with customized exercises, real-time feedback, and controlled settings that simulate real-world challenges.

Key Steps to Implement VR Rehabilitation Training

1. Assess Clinical Needs and Goals

Identify the rehabilitation goals based on patient needs (e.g., motor function recovery, cognitive improvement, or pain management).

Determine the patient demographics and specific conditions to be addressed, such as stroke recovery, sports injuries, or post-operative therapy.

2. Choose Appropriate VR Hardware and Software

Select VR hardware based on usability, portability, and budget (e.g., headsets like Meta Quest, HTC Vive, or medical-grade devices).

Opt for rehabilitation-specific VR software that offers customizable training modules, patient progress tracking, and integration with other medical tools.

3. Develop Tailored Training Programs

Collaborate with rehabilitation specialists to design VR exercises aligned with therapy goals.

Include simulations that improve balance, strength, coordination, or cognitive skills, depending on the patient's condition.

4. Establish a Controlled Environment

Create a safe and supervised setting for patients to use VR.

Train therapists to monitor sessions and assist patients in navigating the virtual environment.

5. Integrate Monitoring and Feedback Systems

Use sensors and VR analytics to track patient movements, response times, and progress.

Provide immediate feedback to patients to enhance motivation and performance.

6. Train Staff and Educate Patients

Ensure therapists and medical staff are trained in operating VR equipment and interpreting data.

Educate patients about the benefits of VR training and how they complement traditional rehabilitation methods.

7. Evaluate and Adapt Programs

Regularly assess the effectiveness of VR training through patient outcomes and satisfaction surveys.

Update the training modules based on feedback and advances in VR technology.

Read the case study on: Rehabilitation Training Program in Virtual Reality

Benefits of VR Rehabilitation Training

Enhanced Engagement: Gamified elements make rehabilitation exercises more enjoyable and less monotonous. Personalized Therapy: Tailored VR programs address the unique needs and pace of individual patients. Real-Time Progress Tracking: Analytics provide valuable insights for therapists to adjust treatment plans. Reduced Travel Barriers: Portable VR setups allow for home-based rehabilitation, increasing accessibility. Improved Outcomes: Studies show VR-based rehabilitation can lead to faster recovery and better adherence to therapy.

Applications in Rehabilitation

Neurological Rehabilitation: For conditions like stroke, traumatic brain injury, or Parkinson’s disease.

Orthopedic Recovery: Following surgeries such as knee replacements or ligament repair.

Pain Management: Distraction techniques using VR can reduce chronic pain and anxiety.

Sports Injury Rehab: Enhancing performance recovery for athletes. Conclusion

Implementing VR in rehabilitation training offers a cutting-edge approach to improving patient outcomes, increasing accessibility, and enhancing engagement. As technology continues to evolve, VR promises to play an even more significant role in modern rehabilitation practices.

[baiabazadze]

The Ultimate Guide to Trauma Management: Best Practices for Emergency Situations"

In the world of emergency medicine, managing trauma effectively is crucial for saving lives and improving outcomes. Trauma, whether from accidents, violence, or natural disasters, requires a swift and well-coordinated response. This comprehensive guide delves into the multifaceted approach to trauma management, emphasizing the importance of rapid assessment, precise intervention, and comprehensive care.

Initial Assessment and Triage: The first step in trauma management is the initial assessment and triage. This involves quickly evaluating the patient's condition to determine the severity of injuries and prioritizing treatment based on urgency. The primary survey follows the ABCDE approach:

Airway: Ensure the airway is clear and manage any obstructions.

Breathing: Assess and support breathing.

Circulation: Control bleeding and maintain adequate circulation.

Disability: Evaluate neurological status.

Exposure: Fully expose the patient to identify all injuries while preventing hypothermia.

Stabilization and Intervention: Once the initial assessment is complete, stabilization and immediate interventions are necessary. This might include securing the airway, providing oxygen, controlling hemorrhage, and immobilizing fractures. Advanced interventions could involve chest tube insertion, emergency surgery, or blood transfusions.

Definitive Care: Definitive care involves addressing the underlying injuries through surgical and medical treatments. This phase requires a multidisciplinary approach, often involving trauma surgeons, orthopedic specialists, neurosurgeons, and other experts. The goal is to repair injuries, prevent complications, and start the rehabilitation process.

Rehabilitation and Recovery: Rehabilitation is a critical component of trauma management, focusing on helping patients regain function and independence. This may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, psychological support, and other interventions tailored to the individual’s needs. Early and comprehensive rehabilitation can significantly improve long-term outcomes.

Psychological Impact and Support: Trauma doesn't just affect the body; it also has profound psychological impacts. Patients may experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. Providing psychological support and counseling is essential for holistic recovery.

Conclusion:

Effective trauma management is a complex and dynamic process that requires a well-coordinated effort from a diverse team of healthcare professionals. By following structured protocols, ensuring rapid response, and addressing both physical and psychological needs, we can improve survival rates and quality of life for trauma patients. This guide provides a roadmap for navigating the intricate landscape of trauma care, highlighting best practices and innovative approaches in the field.

Important Information: Conference Name: 15th American Healthcare, Hospital Management, Nursing, And Patient Safety Summit Patient Safety Conference Short Name: #15AHNPSUCG2025   Dates: May 14-16,2025 Venue|: San Francisco, United States & Virtual Email: health@ucgconferences.com Visit: https://health.universeconferences.com/ Call for Papers: https://health.universeconferences.com/call-for-paper/Register here: https://health.universeconferences.com/registration/Call/WhatsApp Us: +442033222718

[covid-safer-hotties]

Attitudes and Behaviours Regarding COVID-19 Mitigation Strategies in Australians With an Underlying Health Condition: A Cross-Sectional Study - Published Sept 12, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Public health strategies have focused on preventing and slowing the transmission of COVID-19 by promoting the uptake of mitigation strategies. However, little is known about the uptake of these strategies in the presence of underlying health conditions.

Objectives To describe the attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Australians towards COVID-19 mitigation strategies, and determine if uptake of these strategies differed across different health conditions.

Design Cross-sectional study.

Setting and Participants National survey of Australian residents over 18 years.

Main Outcome Measures A purpose-built survey was used to collect participants' attitudes and behaviours towards COVID-19 mitigation strategies.

Results Over half (53%) of the 2867 participants (99% completion rate) reported having one or more comorbidities. The most commonly self-reported health condition was cardiometabolic conditions (28%). Most participants disagreed that masks were no longer needed (74%) and wanted the 5-day isolation mandate (66%). More than one-third would like masks to be mandated for indoor spaces (38%) and 25% avoided going to hospitals. Participants with allergies (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.14, 1.65), cardiometabolic (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.23, 1.79), respiratory (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.07, 1.62) and neurological (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.12, 2.32) conditions were more likely to avoid using public transport compared to those without. In contrast, participants with underlying mental health conditions were less likely to use N95/P2 facemasks in public spaces (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.25, 0.87) compared to those without.

Conclusions A substantial proportion of Australians continued to adopt COVID-19 mitigation measures or expressed a desire for more mitigations, including mandatory isolation for COVID-19, despite the lack of mandates. People with an underlying health condition who represent more than half of all adults appear to be more careful with mitigations to avoid COVID-19.

Patient or Public Contribution Members of the public were invited to participate in a soft launch of the survey between 4th and 5th January 2023 to test flow and functionality, and to allow the final wording of survey questions to be refined as required.

[saiparamedical]

5 Reasons to Pursue a Physiotherapy Course

Are you considering a career in physiotherapy? With the growing demand for healthcare professionals and the increasing awareness of the importance of physical rehabilitation, now is an excellent time to pursue a Bachelor of Physiotherapy course. In this article, we'll explore the top 5 reasons why you should consider enrolling in a physiotherapy course.

Reason 1: Diverse Career Opportunities

Physiotherapists are in high demand across various settings, including hospitals, clinics, sports teams, and rehabilitation centers. With a Bachelor of Physiotherapy degree, you can work in a range of environments, from acute care hospitals to outpatient clinics, sports medicine facilities, or even private practice. This versatility allows you to choose a work setting that aligns with your interests and goals.

Reason 2: Personal Satisfaction

As a physiotherapist, you'll have the opportunity to make a significant difference in people's lives. You'll work closely with patients to help them recover from injuries, manage chronic conditions, or improve their overall physical function. Seeing patients achieve their goals and regain independence is incredibly rewarding and fulfilling.

Reason 3: Growing Job Prospects

The demand for physiotherapists is expected to rise due to the growing awareness of the importance of preventive care and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is a global shortage of over 4.3 million healthcare workers, including physiotherapists. By pursuing a Bachelor of Physiotherapy course, you'll be equipped to meet this growing demand and secure a stable career.

Reason 4: Variety of Specializations

Within the field of physiotherapy, you can specialize in various areas, such as:

Sports physiotherapy: work with athletes and sports teams to prevent and treat injuries

Pediatric physiotherapy: help children with developmental disorders or injuries

Geriatric physiotherapy: work with older adults to improve mobility and independence

Neurological physiotherapy: help patients with neurological conditions such as stroke, spinal cord injury, or Parkinson's disease

By specializing in a particular area, you can tailor your career to your interests and passions.

Reason 5: Competitive Salary

Physiotherapists are among the highest-paid healthcare professionals. According to the Indian government's National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), the average annual salary for physiotherapists in India is around ₹5.5 lakhs. With experience and specialization, salaries can exceed ₹10 lakhs per annum.

In conclusion, pursuing a Bachelor of Physiotherapy course offers numerous benefits, from diverse career opportunities and personal satisfaction to growing job prospects and competitive salaries. If you're passionate about helping others and making a positive impact on people's lives, then enrolling in a physiotherapy course could be the perfect decision for you.

At Sai Paramedical Institute, we offer a comprehensive Bachelor of Physiotherapy program that equips students with the knowledge, skills, and experience needed to succeed in this rewarding profession. Our state-of-the-art facilities, expert faculty, and hands-on training prepare students for a successful career as a physiotherapist.

If you're ready to embark on an exciting and fulfilling journey in healthcare, contact us today to learn more about our Bachelor of Physiotherapy course at Sai Paramedical Institute.

Contact us : Email : saiparamedical.marketing@gmail.com Phone No: 8193936666 Website : https://saiparamedical.in/Bachelor-of-physiotherapy.php

[sightcarereviewsprice03]

Sight Care Reviews

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