#mogrovejo

[allthingseurope]

Mogrovejo, Cantabria, Spain (by Mackedwars)

[miner-val]

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (March 23)

Catholics in Latin America and throughout the world will celebrate the life and ministry of St. Turibius of Mogrovejo on March 23.

The 16th-century bishop upheld the rights of Peru's indigenous peoples and became one of the first canonized saints of the Americas.

Turibius was born in Spain on 16 November 1538 to a noble family in the kingdom of Leon.

He frequently prayed, fasted, and gave to the poor even as a child. He eventually developed the daily habit of praying the Rosary along with the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

He went on to study law at the University of Salamanca and eventually served as a judge for five years in the territory of Granada.

His judicial wisdom and diligence drew the attention of King Philip II, who wanted Turibius – who was still a layman – to be consecrated as a missionary archbishop for the Spanish colony of Peru.

Turibius became greatly dismayed, protesting to the king and Church authorities that he was not even a priest and could not possibly accept the charge.

In a series of letters, he pled that he was not personally capable of serving as the Archbishop of Lima – nor, he reminded them, did canon law permit a layman to become an archbishop.

Eventually, however, he had little choice but to comply. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1581 at the age of 43, then immediately left for Lima, Peru.

The new archbishop undertook to travel throughout the rugged and mountainous diocese, where he observed many of the worst effects of colonialism – both upon the enslaved and oppressed natives, and on many of the colonists who seemed to have lost their souls in the pursuit of wealth.

He responded with constant prayer and penance, as he traveled throughout his territory administering the sacraments, teaching the Catholic faith, and establishing schools, seminaries and hospitals.

To the indigenous Peruvians, the archbishop was a herald of the Gospel who held their lives as more precious than their country's supplies of gold and silver.

But to the many colonists whose behavior showed no sign of their Catholic origins, he was a prophetic scourge – whose efforts to awaken the public conscience earned him rebukes and opposition.

Turibius ultimately managed to make three visitations of his diocese, under rugged and dangerous conditions, which occupied about half of his 25 years as Archbishop of Lima.

He united the Peruvian Church at an administrative level by holding several local councils of its clergy but was also known to spend days traveling to reach a single individual with the message of Christ.

The archbishop became seriously ill in 1606.

He sensed that his death was imminent and decreed that his possessions should be distributed to the poor.

Turibius died on 23 March 23 1606. His body was found to be incorrupt the next year.

He was beatified by Pope Innocent XI on 2 July 1679. He was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII on 10 December 1726.

He is now regarded as the patron of native peoples' rights and Latin American bishops.

[cmatain]

Publicado el volumen 34 de la serie «Comedias completas de Calderón de la Barca»: «Las cadenas del Demonio», edición crítica de José Elías Gutiérrez Meza y Henrry A. Ibáñez Mogrovejo

Acaba de publicarse el volumen 34 de la serie «Comedias completas de Calderón de la Barca» (número 171 de la colección «Biblioteca Áurea Hispánica»), Las cadenas del Demonio, en edición crítica de José Elías Gutiérrez Meza y Henrry A. Ibáñez Mogrovejo. Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Las cadenas del Demonio, edición crítica de José Elías Gutiérrez Meza y Henrry A. Ibáñez Mogrovejo, Madrid /…

[pablo-garegnani]

El tiempo de los grandes catecismos y el giro antropológico

Episodio N° 4. El tiempo de los grandes catecismos y el giro antropológico Seguramente todos han oído hablar del catecismo de las preguntas y respuestas. Quienes se educaron en la fe en los años sesenta o antes, aprendieron las nociones fundamentales a partir de un pequeño “librito” que, ordenadamente, exponía en preguntas y respuestas las verdades a aprender. En cada encuentro, el catequista…

[akcanzi]

Tienda, castillo y montaña

Mogrovejo  © 2022 Oscar Alcañiz

[catholicpriestmedia]

"Saint Turibius of Mogrovejo, Pray for Us!"

📷 Santo Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo / Fine Arts Museum / Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes via #Wikipedia (PD-Art). #Catholic_Priest #CatholicPriestMedia #SaintoftheDay #OraProNobis

[anastpaul]

La Moreneta / Our Lady of Montserrat, Spain (718) St Peter Canisius, St Turibius of Mogrovejo and Memorials of these and more, most interesting Saints - 27 April

St Peter Canisius SJ (1521-1597) – The Known as “The Hammer of Protestantism,” “Second Apostle of Germany” – Confessor, Doctor of the Church, Dutch Priest of the Society of Jesus, Reformer, Teacher, Writer, Apostle of Charity. Patronages – Catholic Press, Germany, Catechists. The restoration of the Catholic Church in Germany after the Protestant Reformation is largely attributed to the work there…

[ibarbouron-us]

Santoral del 27 de abril:

Dia de San Toribio de Mogrovejo, sacerdote español que fue obispo de Lima durante el Virreinato del Perú.

Llegó a Lima en 1581 y se quedó 25 años, hasta su muerte. Evangelizó y organizó la Iglesia Católica de hispanoamérica en ese tiempo.

[jourdepluie91]

La Tapada Limeña

Tapada limeña (means "Liman [fem.] covered one") was the denomination used at the time of the Viceroyalty of Peru and the first years of the Republic to designate the women in Lima who covered their heads and faces with comfortable silk mantones, revealing just one eye. Its use began in the 16th century and it spread until well into the 19th century, that is, its use lasted for three centuries and was not only limited to the "City of the Kings", but also to other important cities in the region. In Lima, the custom remained until well into the Republic, when it was relegated by French fashions.

Aristocratic women (criollos) wore a skirt and shawl (saya y manto) when going out. The manto was held over the face, revealing one eye only, and afforded the women anonymity. In most aspects of life these upper-class women were tightly supervised, and the customs and norms of Lima were very restrictive. This costume however, would be worn by women when they went to mass every morning, and also as they promenaded in the afternoon. They would then flirt and engage in intelligent and candid conversation with men, never revealing their identity.

Many attempts by religious and civic officials were made to ban this form of dress, based on the belief that such anonymity would allow immorality to flourish. Scholars writing about and analysing this history talk about European and North American visitors being scandalised by Tapadas, finding their resemblance to Arab women disturbing. Others pointed to their resemblance to the Catholic nun, rendering their assertive, sexual presence very unsettling. Further, men worried about the possibility of unknowingly flirting with their own wives or daughters. Or a man.

By the time colonialism ended in Peru in 1821, this form of dress had all but disappeared. Not because of protest or scandal, but because women wanted to embrace French fashion, and link themselves to symbols of progress and national independence. The photographs on which my paintings are based were created in the 1860s-1870s, when the custom of the Tapada had completely disappeared. There are no known photographs from earlier times of actual Tapadas; the face, hidden by the veil, made the women anonymous, so they were not suitable subjects for studio portraiture. In later decades, as in these examples, the outfit was seen as 'historical costume' and became a profitable subject for photographers seeking to capture ethnic and racial 'types'.

Origin

The use of the saya and the cloak, a pair of distinctive garments of the Tapada limeña, appeared in Lima around 1560. About its origin it has been said that it is Moorish, due to the undeniable similarities that they bear with the costumes that cover the body of Muslim women, although later the theory of its Castilian origin was established.

The first official testimonies that deal with clothing were not very merciful with their users:

"The use of covering women has come to such an extreme that great offenses to God and notable damage to the republic have resulted from it, because that form does not recognize the father to the daughter, nor the husband to the wife. nor brother to sister..."

There were many ordinances subsequent to this act of the Cortes of 1586, but none could dissuade the Liman women.

Background

In 1583, the Archbishop of Lima Toribio de Mogrovejo pronounced an energetic rejection of the Lima custom of wearing the saya and the cloak as usual garments worn by women in the capital. This happened during the Third Liman Council that he himself presided over and that gave rise to a censorship that the Cortes of 1586 confirmed during the reign of Philip II of Spain. It was agreed that the offenders would be fined 3,000 maravedís. The fear of this custom, already widespread among Liman women and that had generated so many misunderstandings and confusion, made the authorities suspect that the first cases of transvestism in the Viceroyalty were taking place.

Characteristics

The characteristic attire of the tapada connoted insinuation, coquetry, prohibition and seduction game. However, it was still a dress: the saya outlined the hips and the cloak covered the head and face, except for course, a single eye. The tapada was a symbol of the freedom of Liman women and this symbol was used to distinguish themselves from women of other classes and roots (races). Behind the cloak could live a toothless grandmother as well as a one-eyed woman stung by smallpox. The possibilities were many, as there must have been many occasions when gallant boys or old men squandered compliments on their wives, sisters-in-law, mothers-in-law, mothers or daughters who could hide their true identity behind their cloaks.

The saya was a large and long silk skirt, colored blue, brown, green or black. To secure it, a belt was used that girded it to the woman's waist. It was not uncommon for some of the less graceful to wear false hips that exaggerated their natural endowments. Underneath this skirt it could see the small foot (shod with an embroidered satin shoe) that also made the colonial Lima women famous. The cloak was also made of silk, tied at the waist and up the back to cover the head and face, revealing only one eye and perhaps the arms. This cloak was usually a simple fabric so that the tapadas would not stand out in public and retain anonymity.

[susanaysuscosas]

Mogrovejo y Fuente Dé, en Liébana,  Cantabria – Susana y sus cosas

Una zona preciosa de Cantabria 💚

[radiofolkperu]

Exhortan a empresa de transportes y servicio santo toribio de mogrovejo respetar su ruta autorizada http://dlvr.it/TBxLxN

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (March 23)

Catholics in Latin America and throughout the world will celebrate the life and ministry of St. Turibius of Mogrovejo on March 23.

The 16th-century bishop upheld the rights of Peru's indigenous peoples and became one of the first canonized saints of the Americas.

Turibius was born in Spain on 16 November 1538 to a noble family in the kingdom of Leon.

He frequently prayed, fasted, and gave to the poor even as a child. He eventually developed the daily habit of praying the Rosary along with the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

He went on to study law at the University of Salamanca. He served as a judge for five years in the territory of Granada.

His judicial wisdom and diligence drew the attention of King Philip II, who wanted Turibius – who was still a layman – to be consecrated as a missionary archbishop for the Spanish colony of Peru.

Turibius became greatly dismayed, protesting to the king and Church authorities that he was not even a priest and could not possibly accept the charge.

In a series of letters, he pled that he was not personally capable of serving as the Archbishop of Lima. He reminded them that canon law did not permit a layman to become an archbishop.

Eventually, however, he had little choice but to comply. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1581 at the age of 43. He immediately left for Lima, Peru.

The new archbishop undertook to travel throughout the rugged and mountainous diocese, where he observed many of the worst effects of colonialism – both upon the enslaved and oppressed natives, and on many of the colonists who seemed to have lost their souls in the pursuit of wealth.

He responded with constant prayer and penance, as he traveled throughout his territory administering the sacraments, teaching the Catholic faith, and establishing schools, seminaries and hospitals.

To the indigenous Peruvians, the archbishop was a herald of the Gospel who held their lives as more precious than their country's supplies of gold and silver.

However, to the many colonists whose behavior showed no sign of their Catholic origins, he was a prophetic scourge – whose efforts to awaken the public conscience earned him rebukes and opposition.

Turibius ultimately managed to make three visitations of his diocese under rugged and dangerous conditions, which occupied about half of his 25 years as Archbishop of Lima.

He united the Peruvian Church at an administrative level by holding several local councils of its clergy but was also known to spend days traveling to reach a single individual with the message of Christ.

The archbishop became seriously ill in 1606. He sensed that his death was imminent and decreed that his possessions should be distributed to the poor.

He died on 23 March 1606. His final words were those of Jesus Christ on the Cross: "Lord, into Thy hands, I commend my spirit."

His body was found to be incorrupt the next year.

He was beatified by Pope Innocent XI on 2 July 1679 and was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII on 10 December 1726.

He is now regarded as the patron of native peoples' rights and Latin American bishops.

[cmatain]

Disponible en Acceso Abierto el número 16 (2023) del «Anuario Calderoniano» (ISSN: 1888-8046)

Tras la publicación, hace unos días, del número 17 (2024) del Anuario Calderoniano, ahora se encuentra disponible en Acceso Abierto (Open Access) el número 16, correspondiente al año 2023. Los materiales pueden consultarse y descargarse tanto en RECYT, el Repositorio Español de Ciencia y Tecnología de la FECYT, como en DADUN, el Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra. Ese…

[221155]

📍☝️👀👌 PRIMAVERA MOGROVEJO CANTABRIA EN/

ВЕСНА МОГРОВЕХО КАНТАБРИЯ В ИСПАНИЯ 🇪🇸