#micro and macro nutrients in plants

[lamiafaae]

Ok so the original plan for my container garden was to completely empty most of it and start afresh in the new place, for a few reasons

The soil in these containers is several years old now, and I feel like must be low on nutrients; only a few low-feeding plants live in them anymore, and even those look pretty sickly

Most of the current plants have spider mites, which I want to avoid bringing to the new place

I have seeds saved of all the current annuals, so it's not like I'm completely getting rid of having them

I suspect diseases could have built up in the soil; there was some kind of infection spreading through all my sweet alyssum

UV light has degraded most of the plastic making it extremely brittle and flaking apart, with pieces falling into the soil. There's also plastic dropcloths on our roof which also degraded and have been snowing plastic flakes down onto my garden. Basically the soil is full of micro (and macro)plastics

It's highly impractical to carry full containers of soil down three flights of stairs, vs dumping all the soil in trash bags and dropping them down the garbage chute and just moving empty containers

Just the good vibes of a fresh start would be nice

However in emptying just one planter I've filled up like seven trash bags of garden soil and it feels like SUCH A WASTE. Part of me is considering moving it all to the new place and refilling the same planter with at least a base layer of the old soil, and maybe spreading new mix on top of it.

But that can't be a good idea right? It would be healthier for my plants to not reuse bad soil that could infect new soil with pests and pathogens? Right?

[rockbottomwithashovel]

What is Nutrition: Part 1: Carbs

First up, some quick notes: there are 2 main things spoken about in nutrition: macronutrients and micronutrients.

Micronutrients are minerals and vitamins (plant colours are linked to what micros are in them, like green = vitamin K and iron, orange = vitamin a, purpler = antioxidants, red = vitamin c). The kind of stuff you get in little gummy pills, but are way better naturally (still, take what you can get my dudes).

Macros are called this because while they're just as important as micros, they're needed in much higher doses. While there's heaps of micros, there are only 3 macros: carbs, fats and proteins.

What Are Carbohydrates:

Greatest energy source

Gives us glucose for energy, or stores as glycogen

Glucose is used for “strenuous exercise”and aids in concentration

Tryptophan (amino acid found in protein) gets turned into serotonin (mood stabilizing hormone) by carbs converting them. That’s why bread and carbs make you feel good

No research to say extra carbs and tryptophan gives higher than average/better mood, but there is research saying lower levels equals lower mood??

Serotonin then gets converted to melatonin (circadian rhythm)

If you're not eating carbs, and you feel like shit, this is why (bad sleep and lack of serotonin)

SIDE NOTE: if you feel too scared to have carbs like bread and potatoes, because of the calories, rasperberries are really low calorie, and high in carbs and fibre (15g carbs in 125g punnet, for only 66 calories)

Types of carbs and breakdown:

There are 2 types of carbs: complex or simple. Simple can be stuff like lollies--not the best, simple sugars. Complex is more fibre and nutrients, it takes longer to digest

Monosaccharides are single molecule sugars

Disaccharides are 2 monosaccharides put together. Both mono. and dis. are simple carbs

Polysaccharides are complex carbs (3x mono. or more)

There the starchy carbs (simple) and less starchy (complex).

Quick notes of digestion:

Complex carbs get broken into simple ones in the small intestine

Most carbs are full of fibre, which is any complex that can’t be broken down in the small intestines. It goes to the large intestine and makes “highly useful” short-chain fatty acids and lines/looks after the gut. (So, detoxing this shit can be bad. You need the lining)

Basically, yah need fibre. High fibre carbs are the most nutritious ones, and if you're constipated, chances are you need more fibre (still do not over-do it, look after yourselves <3)

Back to types of carbs:

Refined carbs (stuff like flour and white bread) are good for short term energy but less nutritious. Complex carbs like fruit and veg release energy more slowly but have more vitamins?

Simple carbs go to the bloodstream faster than complex (giving a fast boost in energy)

GI and GL:

GI = Glycaemic Index

GI is a measure of how fast the carbs make your blood sugar (glucose) rise

Higher GI, faster impact

GL = glycaemic load

GL is a measure of GI AND carbs in the food

So watermelon has a higher GI than pasta, but pasta has more carbs, so it has a higher GL.

Last but not least

✨it's graph time✨

taglist: @r41n7h1n @idkpleasekillme

[ygyclub]

Smoothies are a great way to get lots of nutrition in your meal. You can pack in macro nutrients (complex carbs, healthy fats, protein) and also micro nutrients (minerals, vitamins, essential fatty acids). Our plant based TMR protein powder keeps this shake vegan. Be sure you measure your ingredients if weight loss and/or maintenance are your goals. I’m including the nutritional information for this meal based on the data from My Fitness Pal. #smoothie #tmr #Vegan #ygyclub #proteinshake #quickmeal #mealonthego #ygybetterhealth #healthylifestylefamily #organic https://www.instagram.com/p/CovQ848uGXa/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[kheti-buddy]

KhetiBuddy Remote Sensing Solutions: Transforming Decision-Making for Sustainable Food Production

In an era where sustainable food production is imperative for the survival of future generations, technological innovations are proving to be game-changers. One such innovation is the application of remote sensing solutions in agriculture, a domain in which KhetiBuddy is making significant strides. KhetiBuddy's remote sensing solutions are transforming the way farmers make decisions, ensuring more efficient, sustainable, and productive agricultural practices.

The Role of Remote Sensing in Agriculture

Remote sensing involves the use of satellite or aerial imagery to collect data about the Earth's surface. In agriculture, this technology enables the monitoring of crop health, soil conditions, weather patterns, and more. By providing real-time data and insights, remote sensing allows farmers to make informed decisions that enhance crop yield and reduce environmental impact.

KhetiBuddy's Approach to Remote Sensing

KhetiBuddy has harnessed the power of remote sensing in agriculture to develop a suite of solutions tailored to the needs of modern agriculture. Their approach integrates satellite imagery, drones, and advanced analytics to offer comprehensive insights into various aspects of farming. This combination of technologies allows KhetiBuddy to deliver precise and actionable data, transforming the traditional methods of farm management.

Satellite Imagery for Macro Insights

KhetiBuddy utilizes high-resolution satellite imagery to provide a macro view of large agricultural areas. This imagery helps in assessing crop conditions, identifying potential issues, and planning interventions. For example, satellite data can reveal patterns of pest infestations or water stress, enabling farmers to take timely actions to mitigate these problems. The use of satellite imagery also aids in monitoring crop growth stages and predicting yields, which is crucial for effective planning and resource allocation.

Drones for Micro-Level Analysis

While satellite imagery offers a broad perspective, drones provide detailed, high-resolution images at the micro level. KhetiBuddy employs drones to conduct closer inspections of crops, capturing data that might be missed by satellites. Drones can fly at lower altitudes, offering a detailed view of plant health, soil conditions, and irrigation needs. This level of detail allows for precise interventions, such as targeted pesticide application or specific nutrient adjustments, reducing waste and enhancing crop health.

Advanced Analytics for Informed Decision-Making

The data collected through satellite imagery and drones is vast and complex. KhetiBuddy leverages advanced analytics to process this data and extract meaningful insights. Machine learning algorithms analyze patterns and trends, providing predictive analytics that help farmers anticipate issues and plan accordingly. For instance, predictive models can forecast weather conditions, pest outbreaks, and crop diseases, allowing farmers to prepare and respond proactively.

Benefits of KhetiBuddy's Remote Sensing Solutions

Increased Efficiency and Productivity

By providing real-time data and predictive insights, KhetiBuddy's remote sensing solutions enable farmers to optimize their practices. This leads to increased efficiency and productivity, as resources such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides are used more judiciously. Precision agriculture, facilitated by remote sensing, ensures that interventions are targeted and effective, resulting in higher yields and better-quality produce.

Sustainable Farming Practices

Sustainability is at the core of KhetiBuddy's mission. Remote sensing helps in promoting sustainable farming practices by minimizing the environmental impact of agriculture. Accurate data on soil health and crop conditions reduces the need for excessive chemical inputs, preserving soil fertility and reducing pollution. Additionally, better water management through precise irrigation practices helps in conserving this vital resource, crucial in regions facing water scarcity.

Enhanced Decision-Making

The comprehensive insights provided by KhetiBuddy empower farmers to make better decisions. Whether it's choosing the right time for planting, identifying the optimal harvest period, or managing crop health throughout the growing season, farmers have access to the information they need to make informed choices. This enhanced decision-making capability reduces risks and uncertainties, contributing to more stable and predictable agricultural outcomes.

Real-World Applications and Success Stories

KhetiBuddy's remote sensing solutions have been successfully implemented in various agricultural projects, showcasing their transformative potential. In regions where traditional farming methods faced challenges, the adoption of remote sensing has led to remarkable improvements.

For instance, in a pilot project in India, KhetiBuddy's technology helped farmers in drought-prone areas optimize their irrigation practices. By analyzing soil moisture levels and weather forecasts, farmers were able to schedule irrigation more effectively, leading to significant water savings and improved crop yields.

In another case, KhetiBuddy's pest monitoring system, powered by drone and satellite data, enabled early detection of a pest outbreak in a large cotton farm. Timely intervention with targeted pesticide application prevented the spread of the pest, saving the crop and reducing the financial losses for the farmers.

The Future of Agriculture with Remote Sensing

As the global population continues to grow, the demand for food will increase, putting additional pressure on agricultural systems. Remote sensing will play a crucial role in meeting this demand sustainably. KhetiBuddy is at the forefront of this technological revolution, continuously innovating to provide better solutions for farmers.

The future of agriculture lies in the integration of advanced technologies like remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT). By combining these technologies, KhetiBuddy aims to create a holistic approach to farm management, where every aspect of farming is interconnected and optimized for maximum efficiency and sustainability.

Conclusion

KhetiBuddy remote sensing solutions are transforming decision-making in agriculture, paving the way for sustainable food production. By leveraging satellite imagery, drones, and advanced analytics, KhetiBuddy provides farmers with the tools they need to optimize their practices, increase productivity, and promote sustainability. As agriculture continues to evolve, the adoption of remote sensing technologies will be essential in ensuring food security for future generations. KhetiBuddy's commitment to innovation and sustainability positions them as a leader in this transformative journey.

[chaya-mga2022mi6014]

Concept Idea #01 | Research - How Roots and Fungi Communicate with Each Other

In this case, the micro element would be Mycorrhizal Fungi (Tiny fungi that live in the soil and form symbiotic relationships with plant roots) and the Macro element would be tree roots.

Research:

Micro Level:

How Roots and Fungi Talk to Each Other:

Basically, there are fungi called Mycorrhizal fungi (Mycorrhizae) underground, that helps plants grow.

(figure 1 : Mycorrhizal fungi)

These fungi are basically tiny highways under the ground called common mycelial networks. They connect different plants together so they can share food and help each other. It’s like an underground internet for plants.

(Figure 2: common mycelial networks)

The plant's roots send out a special smell called Strigolactones, which gives the fungi the signal to come closer to that specific plant's roots. They send back their own signals called Myc factors, basically saying, "We’re here to help!"

Then, the fungi grow into the plant's roots, making tiny structures called arbuscules and long threads called hyphae. These help the plant get food (like phosphorus and nitrogen) from the soil. In return, the plant gives the fungi some of the sugar it makes from sunlight.

(Figure 3: Arbuscules)

These fungi also help protect the plant from getting sick by making the plant's immune system stronger. This is called induced resistance.

Macro Level:

How this helps the macro element:

(Figure 4: Mycorrhizal fungi in a forest)

When lots of plants and trees have fungi, the whole forest grows better. The fungi help all the plants share food and stay healthy.

The fungi break down old leaves and plants in the soil, turning them into food that plants can use. This process is called nutrient cycling, and it makes the soil rich and good for growing.

Farmers can use these friendly fungi to help their crops grow bigger and healthier. This means more food for everyone.

Plants with fungi can find water better, which helps them stay strong even when it doesn’t rain much. This is called drought resistance.

[internationalwaterlilycollection]

Discover the Magic: 5 Reasons to Visit the River fest of San Angelo

Choosing the right fertilizer is paramount as it can help you grow and nurture beautiful aquatic plants, such as water lilies. In Texas, where warm weather conditions favor aquatic gardens, Landon Aquatic Fertilizers are among the best choices for pond keepers.

Here are five reasons why Landon aquatic fertilizers TX is a better choice compared to others:

Tailored Formulations for Water Lilies: Landon Aquatic Fertilizer of TX is made with specialized formulations specifically designed to grow aquatic gems because they understand their unique nutritional requirements. Their water lily fertilizer tablets have been specially handcrafted. They contain necessary macro and micro-nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in ideal quantities to encourage healthy foliage, abundant blooms, and sturdy growth. Hence, by choosing Landon Aquatic Fertilizers, Texas pond owners can be at peace knowing they offer the nutrients water lilies require to maintain optimal health and beauty.

Slow-Release Technology: Among the key features of Landon Aquatic Fertilizers, highly developed slow-release technology holds significant importance. This implies that unlike traditional fertilizers, which may release nutrients into the water at a faster rate or cause nutrient imbalances within the medium upon contact with it. Hence, over time, Landon’s slow-release water lily fertilizer tablets dissolve gradually, maintaining a constant nutrient supply to ensure proper growth and that nutrients are not wasted, leading to healthier plants and a more stable water system.

Improved Nutrient Absorption and Efficiency: Landon Aquatic Fertilizers of TX have a superior composition that aquatic plants can easily absorb, ensuring maximum use of nutrients. Texas pond owners can, therefore, obtain better outcomes using fewer fertilizers and reducing the chances of overdoing it. This also prevents the risk of harming fish or other aquatic organisms. Thus, Landon’s water lily fertilizer tablet allow pond lovers to have thriving plants while naturally maintaining good water quality and natural sustainability.

Lasting Effects: The other advantage of using Landon Aquatic Fertilizers of TX includes their long-term effects. In this regard, Landon’s fertilizer tablets are slow-acting because they continue to feed aquatic plants such as water lilies for extended periods, lasting weeks if not months. This allows Texas pond owners to apply fertilizers less frequently, saving them from worries associated with maintaining their nice-looking aquatic gardens throughout the year.

Proven Results and Customer Satisfaction: Landon Aquatic Fertilizers of TX have earned a reputation for delivering proven results and customer satisfaction. Numerous pond lovers all over Texas can attest to the fertilizers Landon sells that have transformed their water lilies’ buds into flourishing blooms. This is evident from their improved growth rate, enhanced blooming, more vibrant colors, and overall well-being of the plants, prompting one to choose Landon Aquatic fertilizers. Texas pond owners can rely on Landon to achieve their dreams of establishing a healthy and beautiful-looking aquatic garden.

Final Thoughts: 

To summarize, Texas pond owners who aim to nourish and enhance their water lilies and other aquatic plants must consider using Landon Aquatic Fertilizers, especially their water lily fertilizer tablets.

Their tailored formulations, slow-release mechanism, and increased nutrient absorption rates for long-lasting effects make this company stand out when choosing fertilizers for your aqua gardens. Hence, by choosing the products of Landon Aquatic Fertilizer, Texas, pond owners can have flourishing water lilies and a truly amazing aquatic oasis.

Source Link: https://fyberly.com/discussing-5-compelling-benefits-of-choosing-landon-aquatic-fertilizers-in-texas/

[elenasunshinemagazine]

3 recipes with delicious and healthy microgreens

Microgreens are a natural product. The composition of microgreens, along with vitamins and minerals, already includes natural, digestive enzymes that help to assimilate healthy elements completely.3 recipes with delicious and healthy microgreens.

Microgreens come in a variety of flavors - from spicy to nutty, lemon? And the list of nutrients contained in these little miracles is huge.

The healthiest microgreens

The range of microgreens available today is huge. Wash the greens immediately before eating, so after the plant is cut, it is sent to the refrigerator in this form for storage. It is not recommended to wash the microgreens under the tap: the stems are quite fragile and easily break under water pressure. Therefore, you can simply rinse it in a saucer with water and blot it with a napkin.

Pea shoots

Microgreen peas are sprouts grown from seeds and have at least 2-3 real leaves. At this stage of development, they contain the maximum amount of vitamin and mineral substances and amino acids. In terms of the number of healthy elements, microgreens are significantly superior to ripe peas.

Microgreens grown at home contain vitamins A, B, C, E, K, PP, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, iron, zinc, proteins, interchangeable, and essential amino acids.

Young, juicy pea sprouts are the healthiest in the winter season when the body suffers from a deficiency of healthy vitamins, and micro- and macroelements. Sprouted microgreens of peas have a powerful immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and rejuvenating effect.

Salad with spinach and microgreens

A very low-calorie and healthy salad that contains a lot of dietary fiber. You can eat at any time of the day, with a side dish or a meat dish. In the form of microgreens, you can use any sprouted greenery. Microgreen peas are a delicious, natural, and healthy product.

Its cultivation will not take much effort and time. The cut microgreen peas can be stored for 2-3 days by placing them in a tightly closed plastic container on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. After this period, the seedlings lose their delicate taste and healthy properties.

Ingredients: Black sesame 1 teaspoon Tomato 1 piece Bulgarian pepper 1 piece Fennel (crushed) 2 tablespoons Spinach 2 tablespoons Micro-green peas 1 tablespoon Salt to taste

Instruction:

Cooking time 15 minutes Rinse vegetables and herbs in running water. Chop the bell pepper, tomato, fennel, and spinach. Add microgreens, sprinkle with sesame seeds and salt to taste. If desired, you can add a little olive oil. Mix all the ingredients.

Radish sprouts

Radish sprouts are rich in essential amino acids and chlorophyll, which has all the benefits, from anticancer properties to improved digestion. Radish is rich in fiber, essential oils, anthocyanins, vitamins, and macro- and microelements. One of the most popular varieties of microgreen plants. It looks beautiful because of its unusual purple-green color. It is widely used in cooking for making salads and decorating various dishes.

Salad with radish microgreens

We strengthen our immunity with greens, and seedlings of micro-green radish.

Ingredients: For salad: Radish micro-greens 1 cup Orange, peeled and diced 1 piece Avocado, peeled and diced 1 pc Chopped carrots or daikon 1/2 cup Walnuts 1/4 cup For refueling: Cold-pressed olive oil 1 tablespoon Lemon juice 1 tablespoon Finely chopped garlic 1 clove Salt and pepper to taste

Instruction:

Cooking time 15 minutes

Place the sprouted microgreens in a salad dish and add the remaining ingredients. Mix the ingredients of the dressing thoroughly in a separate container and pour the resulting liquid over the salad. The specified amount is enough for 1-2 servings. Arrange the salad in portioned salad bowls, and decorate the top with cheese petals, which we cut with a vegetable cutter. And you can serve it on the table.

Sunflower shoots

The taste of sunflower stalks crosses the border between nutty and lemon, with a more herbal taste. Sunflower shoots are best eaten in salads and sandwiches. Sunflower microgreens have an impressive nutritional composition. This is the best microgreen for a complete replacement for vegetable protein. Sunflower shoots contain all the essential amino acids, as well as iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, copper, and phosphorus. They are especially rich in zinc, which has many benefits, including strengthening the immune system and improving digestion. Sunflower seedlings are ready for harvesting in about 10 days. By trying and combining different types of microgreens, you can create completely new flavor combinations.

Halva from sunflower seedlings

What is the difference between live halva and ordinary halva? The fact that it is really alive, with active enzymes and without sugar. Such a product cleanses the body well. Parchment provides additional enzymes for better absorption, as well as a set of vitamins and minerals. Cocoa enhances the taste and acts as a natural stimulant. In the complex of all ingredients, halva from sprouts is a high-energy food.

Ingredients: Sunflower seeds 10.58 oz Cocoa 2 tablespoons Honey 5.29 oz Parchment 3 tablespoons

Instruction:

Cooking time 20 minutes

Sunflower microgreens contain a very rich set of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and high-quality fats. Very dense food. You can eat just like that, with honey, and add it to salads. They taste neutral. As an independent dish, halva is probably the best.

Sunflower seeds (without shells) should be washed and filled with drinking water for 3 hours. Flip into a colander, cover with wet gauze in four layers and leave at room temperature for 2 days.

Scroll the microgreens on a meat grinder with a small or medium grate twice. Add honey, parchment, and cocoa, and stir everything. Halva is ready. You can add a handful of apricot pits or almonds for piquancy. Store in the refrigerator for no more than a week. Bon Appetit!

https://elenasunshinemagazine.com/cooking/3-recipes-with-delicious-and-healthy-microgreens/

[freeveggieporn]

HOUSEPLANT CONCENTRATE

Thank you for choosing Cabbage Hill Animal-Free Fertilizer. Why use animal byproducts when you can make a more sustainable choice, a more organic choice, a more ethical choice…and still get the best plant food available? Our fertilizers contain all-natural, organic, plant-based ingredients and minerals that provide both macro- and micro-nutrients as well as soil builders and mycorrhizae to…

[helthcareheven]

Aquatic Solutions: Addressing Global Challenges with Marine Biotechnology

Introduction to Marine Biotechnology Marine biotechnology utilizes living marine organisms and their derivatives for industrial, medical, environmental and other sustainable applications. It focuses on exploring the immense biodiversity and biological resources found in the marine environment. The oceans cover over 70% of the Earth's surface and contain a vast variety of lifeforms that have evolved unique biological properties and molecules. Marine biotechnology aims to unlock this untapped potential through research and innovations.

Marine Bioprospecting Marine bioprospecting involves searching oceans, coastal waters and marine life for bioactive compounds, genes and other materials that can be exploited commercially. Some key activities include monitoring biodiversity hotspots, collecting and screening biological samples for useful properties, isolating lead compounds and developing applications. Marine organisms like sponges, corals, microbes and algae have yielded molecules with diverse pharmaceutical applications. Compounds used in cancer treatments, anti-inflammatories and antimicrobials have been derived from marine sources through bioprospecting. Advances in genomics and metabolomics also aid the drug discovery process from marine natural products.

Biomedical Applications Marine-derived pharmaceuticals represent a promising area within marine biotechnology. Several drugs developed from marine sources are already in clinical use or under clinical trials. compounds obtained from marine sponges have led to antiviral and anticancer drugs. Ziconotide, an analgesic developed from a cone snail peptide, is used for severe chronic pain. Ecteinascidin 743, an anticancer compound from a marine tunicate is marketed for treating soft tissue sarcomas and other cancers. Fucoidan from brown algae shows anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties. Research continues to explore more marine organisms for bioactives against diseases like arthritis and Alzheimer’s. Marine enzymes also offer opportunities in areas like tissue engineering and wound healing.

Aquaculture and Mariculture Marine biotechnology helps improve aquaculture practices and marine farming techniques. Genetic improvements through selective breeding and biotechnology tools augment disease resistance in cultured species. Microalgae and feed supplements utilizing marine microbes aid larval and post-larval development. Bioflocs containing waste-digesting bacteria provide eco-friendly water treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems. Bioremediation using micro/macro algae assists effluent treatment from aquafarms. Marine bacterial extracts serve as immunostimulants and natural healthcare alternatives in shrimp and fish mariculture. Advances accelerate sustainable production and higher yield in mariculture to meet the global seafood demand.

Environmental Applications Biotechnological methods help address various environmental issues affecting the oceans. Bioremediation leverages metabolically versatile marine microbes like algae, fungi and bacteria to detoxify pollutants and rehabilitate contaminated coastal and offshore sites. Phytoremediation utilizes salt-tolerant plants to remove heavy metals and nutrient runoff from seawater. Genetic engineering modifies oil-degrading bacteria to ensure faster oil spill cleanup. Biosensors incorporating marine enzymes and whole-cell detection systems enable real-time coastal pollution monitoring. Bioluminescent bacteria offer scope in marine biomonitoring as indicators of toxicity and contamination levels. Such green technologies aid responsible utilization of marine resources and their conservation.

Energy from Oceans Marine biomass represents a renewable source of bioenergy. Micro/macroalgae can be converted to liquid biofuel through transesterification and fermentation. Seaweed cultivation coupled with pyrolysis or gasification produces biogas, while anaerobic digestion generates methane from marine biomass. Biotechnological research optimizes algal strains, development of efficient conversion processes and validation of techno-economic models to tap the ocean's energy potential viably. Microbial fuel cells leveraging exoelectrogenic marine bacteria directly convert biochemical energy to electricity. Osmotic power utilizes blue energy from salinity differences between seawater and rivers. Wave and tidal energies extracted through emerging marine hydrokinetic technologies add to the blue energy basket.

Challenges and Future Prospects While offering immense promise, marine biotechnology market still faces challenges in areas like cost-effective production, stability of marine compounds, regulatory approvals and public acceptance of ocean-based GM technologies. Adverse impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems and dwindling natural resources also demand mitigation. Integrated efforts towards exploration of deep-sea resources, metagenomic studies on uncultured microbes, synthesis of unique marine biomolecules and developing marine-derived industrial bioprocesses can significantly advance the sector. Public-private partnerships, internationally coordinated research initiatives and responsible scientific stewardship hold the key to realizing marine biotech’s full potential sustainably in the times ahead.

In conclusion, with over 70% of our planet covered by oceans, marine biotechnology market presents a vital avenue to harness the vast treasure of marine biodiversity alongside alleviating challenges on land and seas. A blending of marine sciences with industrial biotechnology promises to deliver innovative solutions across medicine, aquaculture, bioremediation and renewable energy. Sustained efforts to develop advanced techniques, unlock marine genome secrets and scale up

[boltnutrition]

UNDERSTANDING MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS

Nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle and achieving fitness goals. Protein supplements, in particular, are a popular way to help meet protein needs, but it's important to understand the other types of nutrients that make up a balanced diet. In this blog, we'll explore micro and macro nutrients and how they impact our health and wellbeing.

What are Micro and Macro Nutrients? 

Nutrients can be divided into two categories: micro and macro. Micro nutrients are vitamins and minerals that are required in smaller amounts and play a crucial role in supporting our overall health. Macro nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats that provide our bodies with energy and help build and repair tissues.

Difference between Macro and Micronutrients:

Macro and Micro Nutrients both play important roles in our bodies, but they differ in their quantity and function. Macro Nutrients, also known as macronutrients, are required in larger quantities and include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These nutrients provide energy and are essential for growth and maintenance of our bodies. On the other hand, Micro Nutrients are needed in smaller quantities and perform specific functions in our bodies.

Type of Nutrient

Micro Nutrients

Macro Nutrients

Definition

Nutrients required in smaller amounts by the body

Nutrients required in larger amounts by the body

Examples

Vitamins, Minerals

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats

Function

Involved in various metabolic processes and support normal growth and development

Provide energy and support growth, repair and maintenance of tissues

Sources

Fruits, Vegetables, Meat, Dairy, Whole Grains

Fruits, Vegetables, Meat, Dairy, Whole Grains, Oils, Sugars

Micro Nutrients

Vitamins

Vitamins are essential for a variety of functions in the body, including energy production, immune function, and vision. There are 13 essential vitamins, each with its own specific role. For example, vitamin C is crucial for the immune system, while vitamin D helps absorb calcium for strong bones. A balanced diet should include a variety of foods to ensure adequate intake of all vitamins.

Minerals

Minerals also play an important role in supporting overall health. Some of the most important minerals include calcium for strong bones, iron for oxygen transport, and magnesium for muscle and nerve function. Just like with vitamins, it's important to consume a variety of mineral-rich foods to ensure adequate intake.

Macro Nutrients

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential source of energy for the body. There are two main types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are quickly absorbed by the body, providing a quick energy boost. Complex carbohydrates, on the other hand, take longer to digest and provide a sustained energy source.

Proteins

Proteins are essential micro-nutrients that play a vital role in maintaining the overall health and well-being of an individual. They are made up of smaller units called amino acids and are involved in a variety of physiological processes including growth, repair and maintenance of tissues, hormone production, and the functioning of enzymes and antibodies. Proteins are also an important source of energy and play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy immune system. Despite being classified as a micro-nutrient, the human body requires a relatively large amount of protein to function optimally. Good sources of protein include meat, poultry, fish, dairy, legumes, and nuts. Adequate protein intake is crucial for maintaining overall health and preventing protein-energy malnutrition.

Fats

Fats are an important source of energy and help absorb and transport fat-soluble vitamins. They also play a role in maintaining healthy skin and supporting brain function. There are three main types of fats: saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats. Saturated and trans fats should be consumed in moderation, while unsaturated fats, such as those found in nuts and seeds, are considered to be healthy.

Why are Micro and Macro Nutrients Important?

A balanced diet that includes a variety of micro and macro nutrients is crucial for maintaining overall health and wellbeing.

Consuming an adequate amount of each nutrient supports a variety of functions in the body, including:

Maintaining a healthy immune system

Building and repairing tissues

Providing energy for physical activity

Supporting healthy brain function

Maintaining healthy skin and vision

Promoting strong bones

In addition, a diet that is lacking in essential nutrients can lead to a variety of health problems, including anaemia, osteoporosis, and malnutrition.

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding the role of micro and macro nutrients is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. While protein supplements can help meet protein needs, it's important to consume a variety of nutrient-rich foods to ensure adequate intake of all essential nutrients.

[jcmarchi]

Finding more sustainable ways to use plastics in agriculture - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/finding-more-sustainable-ways-to-use-plastics-in-agriculture-technology-org/

Finding more sustainable ways to use plastics in agriculture - Technology Org

Every year, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, some 12.5 million tonnes of plastic are used in agricultural production worldwide. Plastic is a boon to farmers but leads to large quantities of macro-, micro- and nanoplastics accumulating in soils and other receiving environments. The particles even seep into the food chain.

In this new study, researchers developed a first-of-its-kind knowledge-guided machine learning model for agroecosystem, called KGML-ag, which includes less apparent variables such as soil water content, oxygen level, and soil nitrate content to nitrous oxide production and emission. Image credit: Pixabay, free license

Recognizing that plastics pose a growing threat to soil function and the natural environment overall, in an article this fall in Nature Communications Earth & Environment an international group of scientists highlighted the urgent need for a more sustainable use of the materials in agricultural food production.

One of those scientists is Kevin Wilkinson, a professor in Université de Montréal’s Department of Chemistry. We asked him to explain the situation and what the article’s signatories propose as solutions.

How are plastics used in agricultural production?

Plastics are used in a number of different ways to boost crop production. Mulch film accounts for 50 per cent of the mass of all agricultural plastics, but the applications also include nets, storage bins and water-efficient irrigation systems.

In many ways, plastic helps improve yields while reducing the environmental impact of farming.

For example, without mulch film, China would need an additional 3.9 million hectares of arable land to produce the same amount of food. The plastic film increases soil temperature and improves nutrient absorption, which allows farmers to plant and harvest crops earlier.

Plastic mulch films are also used in organic agriculture because they help suppress weed and insect infestation without synthetic pesticides.

What are the risks associated with the use of plastic in agriculture?

Plastic is a generic term used to describe materials made primarily from one or more organic polymers. They also contain additives that give the materials specific sought-after properties. Conventional polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are persistent in the environment.

Agricultural plastics composed of these conventional polymers can break down into micro- and nanoplastics, which can accumulate in soils over time, be absorbed by plants and wildlife, or make their way into adjacent environments, including waterways.

Plastic mulch films are usually made from low-density polyethylene, but they’re sometimes made from other polymers like PVC or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.

If any mulch film gets left behind after use, persistent plastic residues accumulate in the soil and chemical additives can leach out. Repeated applications can therefore lead to a build-up of residues and additives that adversely affects soil productivity and health.

What’s more, tiny plastic particles can be absorbed by plants, while larger fragments can stick to the outside of roots and end up being ingested by people when they eat root vegetables.

Is that why you’re urging society take action and find sustainable solutions?

That’s right. With the global population expected to reach 10 billion by 2050, food security challenges will drive up the need for increased agricultural productivity—so we can expect the use of plastics to become more widespread.

But agriculture is already responsible for 29 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions, 30 per cent of energy consumption, 33 per cent of land use, 70 per cent of groundwater extraction and 75 per cent of deforestation. All these factors contribute to global warming, which negatively impacts crop yields.

What solutions and alternatives do you propose?

Plastics need to be used more sustainably in agricultural practices. This means recovering and reusing materials, selectively applying safe biodegradable plastics, and gradually phasing out toxic additives.

We’re already seeing certified biodegradable mulch films that can be buried in the soil after crops are harvested and that will fully decompose into carbon dioxide and microbial biomass.

We also need to increase reuse and recycling rates for agricultural plastic waste, as current levels are at less than 10 per cent.

Finally, governments and stakeholders must get on board with the UN Global Plastics Treaty, which aims to reduce plastic pollution across the board, including in the agricultural sector.

To make this possible, we need an international regulatory framework that considers the entire life cycle of agricultural plastics and establishes stringent and legally binding requirements for all member states of the UN Environment Assembly. This regulatory framework must be revised regularly to make sure it’s aligned with the latest research.

Source: University of Montreal

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Unit 9 Prompt

Prompt: Interpret (through this blog) the most amazing thing you know about nature – get us excited. This is your blog – you audience isn’t out in the field with you so bring the field to your armchair reader.

To me, one of nature’s most amazing things is symbiosis, and the symbiotic relationships all throughout nature. A symbiotic relationship is when two or more species have a relationship that has interactions that are beneficial for all species involved. Symbiotic relationships take place in the air, on land, in the sea, on a macro and micro level, and all levels in between.

The first symbiotic relationship that comes to mind for me takes place in the oceans coral reefs, which are home to the clownfish and the sea anemone. The unlikely companionship of the two is the textbook example of symbiosis. The clownfish is one of the only species immune to the sea anemone’s stinging cells, which means that the inside the anemone is a perfect place for clownfish to seek shelter and to evade from predators. However, this is a symbiotic relationship, so what does the clownfish do for the anemone? The waste that the clownfish produces while seeking shelter in turn provides nutrients for the anemone, making this relationship a sort of positive feedback loop, or a symbiotic relationship.

This is far from the only symbiotic relationship in nature, another example could be insects, such as the ants in the Amazon rainforest, and the acacia tree, the acacia tree provides shelter for these ants, and a food source in the form of nectar, and in response, the ants protect the tree from herbivores trying to eat the tree, and even eat away any vegetation standing in the way from the acacia trees growth.

The previous example isn’t even the smallest form of symbiotic relationships, they can exist on a microscopic level in soil. Various forms of fungi are found within the soil, and can enhance plants ability to absorb water and nutrients, and in turn, the plants provide the fungi with sugars and other waste produced from photosynthesis.

These are just 3 examples of the wonder that is symbiosis and symbiotic relationships, and I hope that this illustrates a magnificent picture of the wonders of nature, and the interconnectedness of everything. Symbiosis reminds us that everything is interconnected and everything helps to sustain everything, one way or another. Next time you step outside, think about the role that symbiosis has in the things around you, or even that it has on you, directly or indirectly.

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Unlock the Secrets to Big Flower Buds with Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer

Are you looking to cultivate bigger and more vibrant flower buds in your garden or indoor plants? The key to achieving stunning blooms lies in the choice of the right flower fertilizer, and one product that stands out is Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer. In this article, we'll explore why choosing the right flower fertilizer is crucial and how Metrop MR2 can help you achieve those gorgeous, oversized flower buds.

The Importance of Flower Fertilizer

Flowers are not just visually pleasing; they play a vital role in the ecosystem. They attract pollinators, provide nectar, and contribute to the overall health of your garden. However, to ensure that your flowers reach their full potential, they need the right nutrients, and that's where flower fertilizers come into play.

Flower fertilizers are specially formulated to provide the essential elements that support flower growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), along with micronutrients like iron, magnesium, and calcium. A well-balanced flower fertilizer ensures that your plants have all they need to produce large, healthy blooms.

Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer: The Game-Changer

Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer is a game-changer in the world of flower cultivation. This exceptional product is designed to enhance the size and vibrancy of flower buds, making your garden or indoor plants a showstopper. What sets Metrop MR2 apart?

Optimal NPK Ratio: Metrop MR2 contains a precise balance of NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) to stimulate flower growth. The optimal NPK ratio ensures that your plants receive the nutrients they need without overloading them with any particular element.

Micro and Macro Nutrients: In addition to NPK, Metrop MR2 provides essential micronutrients that are often overlooked but are critical for overall plant health and flower development.

High Solubility: This fertilizer is highly soluble, allowing for quick absorption by the plant roots. Fast nutrient uptake means your plants get the nutrition they need promptly.

Versatility: Metrop MR2 is suitable for a wide range of flowering plants, from roses and lilies to orchids and daisies. It can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Consistency: Metrop MR2's consistent composition guarantees that you get the same quality every time you use it. No surprises, just outstanding results.

How to Use Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer

Using Metrop MR2 is straightforward. Here are the steps to follow:

Dilution: Mix the fertilizer with water according to the instructions on the packaging. It's essential not to overuse it, as excessive fertilizer can harm your plants.

Application: Water your plants with the diluted Metrop MR2 solution. You can use it as part of your regular watering routine.

Frequency: Use Metrop MR2 throughout the flowering phase of your plants, typically every 2-4 weeks. Adjust the frequency based on your specific plant's needs.

Observation: Keep a close eye on your plants and monitor their growth. You'll notice the difference in the size and vibrancy of the flower buds over time.

Buy Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer Today

If you're ready to take your flower cultivation to the next level, Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer is the answer. By providing your plants with the nutrients they need for robust flower bud development, you'll witness a transformation in the size and beauty of your blooms. To purchase this exceptional fertilizer, visit the official Metrop store here.

In conclusion, choosing the right flower fertilizer can make all the difference in the world when it comes to achieving big and beautiful flower buds. Metrop MR2 Flower Fertilizer is a superior product that offers the ideal combination of nutrients, solubility, and consistency to help your plants flourish. Elevate your gardening game and experience the joy of oversized, stunning flower blooms with Metrop MR2.

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How to fertilize Pomegranate Trees in the farm?

Pomegranate trees will flower and provide fruits throughout the year in central and southern India. Adequate fertilization is important to achieve high yield and increase fruit size and quality.

Normally Pomegranate tree will be flowering during June-July, September-October and January-February. However, for securing enhanced production of superior quality fruits as well as profit to the growers, proper fertilization is required.

Pomegranate, being an orchard crop, is a heavy feeder of nutrients. They require Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper and Boron for better yield. Pomegranate require both micro and macro nutrients to get good yields and best manure will be cattle compost. Well composted Cow Dung Manure is required in the soil for optimal growth of Pomegranate trees.

This manure will restore the fertility of the soil. It will also enhance the water holding capacity of the soil and add essential nutrients such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Vitamins and proteins for the soil.

For 3 year old tree, apply 10 kg of cow dung compost per Pomegranate tree for better yield and  150 to 200 grams of Ammonium sulphate. This amount is increased every year, and for 5 year old tree you should apply 50 kg FYM and 1 Kg of Ammonium sulphate.

This compost is a nature friendly, non-toxic and best organic fertilizer for organic Pomegranate farming. It is a highly nutrient organic fertilizer and it promotes the growth of the Pomegranate trees to a greater extent.

Compared to other organic fertilizer, cow dung compost is the most powerful fertilizer and it has high level of living micro-​organisms that are required for optimal growth of the plants.