#manual multichannel pipettes

[microlitseo]

Liquid Handling Instruments for Bioprocessing: An Overview

Bioprocessing is a cornerstone of modern biotechnology, encompassing the production of pharmaceuticals, vaccines, enzymes, and other biologically derived products. At the heart of this sophisticated process lies the precise handling of liquids—whether it’s the transfer of cell cultures, media, or reagents. Liquid handling instruments play a vital role in ensuring accuracy, sterility, and efficiency in bioprocessing workflows. Here's an overview of the essential liquid handling instruments used in the field.

1. Pipettes and Pipetting Systems

Pipettes are indispensable tools for transferring small volumes of liquid with precision. Manual and electronic pipettes are commonly used in bioprocessing laboratories, offering accuracy for tasks like media preparation and sample addition. Advanced pipetting systems, including multichannel and robotic pipettes, enhance throughput and consistency in repetitive tasks, such as high-throughput screening or assay setups.

2. Peristaltic Pumps

Peristaltic pumps are highly valued in bioprocessing for their ability to handle delicate fluids without contamination. These pumps work by compressing flexible tubing to create a wave-like motion, allowing liquid transfer without direct contact with pump components. Ideal for aseptic operations, peristaltic pumps are frequently used for transferring culture media, buffers, or even cell suspensions in both upstream and downstream processes.

3. Bioprocess Controllers

Integrated liquid handling systems often feature bioprocess controllers that manage multiple aspects of liquid flow, including pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient feeding. These controllers ensure the precise addition of liquids during fermentation or cell culture processes, enabling consistent growth conditions and product yield.

4. Microplate Dispensers

In applications like vaccine development and monoclonal antibody production, microplate dispensers are vital for dispensing precise liquid volumes into 96- or 384-well plates. These automated instruments improve the speed and accuracy of filling, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and human error in high-throughput workflows.

5. Syringe Pumps

Syringe pumps are used for ultra-precise delivery of liquids, particularly in small-scale bioprocessing or research applications. These pumps are ideal for dispensing reagents, injecting samples into analytical instruments, or feeding nutrients into small bioreactors.

6. Automated Pipetting Robots

As bioprocessing moves toward greater automation, liquid handling robots are becoming integral to scaling operations. These systems can execute complex liquid transfer tasks with high precision, such as preparing E-Burettes, dilutions, or gradient feeds. Their programmability and consistency reduce manual intervention, minimizing errors and improving reproducibility.

The Future of Liquid Handling in Bioprocessing

As bioprocessing demands evolve, so do liquid handling technologies. Innovations such as contactless liquid handling, AI-driven automation, and smart sensors are set to revolutionize workflows, making processes more efficient, reproducible, and scalable. For bioprocessing professionals, investing in advanced liquid handling instrument ensures not only product quality but also operational excellence.

Whether in research or large-scale manufacturing, precision liquid handling is the foundation of successful bioprocessing. With the right instruments, organizations can achieve better control, reduce waste, and meet the stringent quality standards of today’s biopharma landscape.

[healthcarehubhh]

Laboratory Equipment: Essential Tools for Research and Development

Microscopes are indispensable tools for laboratories as they enable researchers to see structures and features too small for the naked eye. Different types of microscopes like compound, stereo, and electron microscopes allow examination of cells, tissues and various samples at different levels of magnification. Compound microscopes have interchangeable objectives and ocular lenses that provide low to high magnifications from 40X to 1000X. Stereo microscopes give low magnifications from 6X to 120X and are ideal for viewing three-dimensional samples. Electron microscopes have resolutions down to the nanometer level and are crucial for cellular and molecular analysis. Microscopes continue advancing with techniques like fluorescence and confocal microscopy for live cell imaging. Laboratory Equipment: Pipettes and Dispensers Handling small liquid volumes accurately is critical in many experimental procedures. Pipettes available in various fixed and adjustable volumes are used to transfer samples, reagents, drugs and more between tubes, plates or vessels. Manual pipettes come in single channel and multichannel varieties for quickly dispensing set volumes. Electronic pipettes automate repetitive pipetting with adjustable speed and greater reproducibility. Dispensers are also available for liquid handling, dispensing adhesive liquids, organic solvents and even highly viscous materials. Automated liquid handlers are large capital equipment that can pipette thousands of samples in parallel for high throughput experiments. Centrifuges Centrifugation is a fundamental separation technique used across all types of laboratories. Benchtop centrifuges are simple bi-phasic models suitable for routine pelleting of cells, small particles and precipitates. They provide RCFs (relative centrifugal forces) from 1000 to 12000g. Preparative centrifuges have larger rotors and capacities for voluminous sample processing. Ultracentrifuges enable high speed sedimentation by developing enormous RCFs over 100,000g. Models for ultracentrifugation employ zonal, swinging bucket or fixed angle rotors depending on the separation goals. Selecting the right centrifuge based on sample type, size and desired separations is key for optimizing results. Laboratory Equipment: Spectrophotometers and Colorimeters Quantifying analytes through detection and measurement of light absorbance or transmittance is done using spectrophotometers and colorimeters. They are indispensable in analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology labs. Single beam spectrophotometers detect absorbance of a sample against a blank reference. Double or triple beam instruments allow simultaneous measurement of multiple samples and references. Colorimeters are compact single wavelength devices ideal for dedicated absorbance assays. Modern multi-mode readers combine varied features like fluorescence, luminescence, absorbance in a single box for versatility. Automated instruments speed up high throughput absorbance measurements in microplates. Advancements in detector and optic materials continue enhancing sensitivity and accuracy. Laboratory Equipment: Water Purification Systems Pure water is imperative for numerous analytical procedures and as a solvent in chemical reactions. Laboratories install point-of-use or centralized water purification systems to generate different grades of water for their needs. Reverse osmosis systems yield high purity water from tap or well sources. Ion exchange columns further polish RO water to Type I standards. Advanced systems integrate UV oxidation to minimize microbial growth and sub-micron filtration for generating ultra pure or Milli-Q water. Water qualities are certified through resistivity, TOC and particle testing. Laboratories also require simple dispensers of purified water right at the bench. Mobile cart-based purifiers deliver purified water anywhere as needed. Integrated systems optimize space and centralize management of water purification.

[labequipmentindia]

 Lab Equipment

1. Beakers and Flasks: Foundations of Measurement

Beakers and flasks are iconic symbols of laboratory Equipment work, serving as vessels for holding, mixing, and measuring liquids. Beakers come in various sizes, typically marked with volume gradations for accurate measurement. They are versatile, allowing scientists to perform tasks such as stirring, heating, and pouring. Flasks, on the other hand, often have narrower necks and are used for more precise measurements and reactions where evaporation needs to be minimised. Together, these basic containers form the backbone of liquid handling in labs worldwide.

2. Microscopes: Unlocking the Microcosm

Microscopes are indispensable lab equipment tools for exploring the microscopic world. They enable scientists to magnify objects hundreds or even thousands of times, revealing details that are invisible to the naked eye. From examining cells and microorganisms to analyzing materials at the nanoscale, microscopes play a crucial role in fields such as biology, medicine, materials science, and beyond. With advancements like electron microscopy and confocal microscopy, researchers can delve even deeper into the intricacies of the microcosm.

3. Centrifuges: Separating Powerhouses

Centrifuges harness the principles of centrifugal force to separate substances based on their density. By spinning samples at high speeds, centrifuges cause heavier particles to settle at the bottom while lighter components rise to the top. This process is invaluable for tasks such as isolating DNA, purifying proteins, and separating blood components in medical diagnostics. Modern centrifuges offer a range of capabilities, including variable speed settings, temperature control, and specialized rotors for specific applications.

4. Spectrophotometers: Shedding Light on Chemical Analysis

lab equipment Spectrophotometers are instrumental in quantifying the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by a substance across different wavelengths. This information is used to determine the concentration of analytes in solutions, making spectrophotometry a cornerstone technique in fields like biochemistry, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals. UV-visible spectrophotometers are commonly used for measuring organic compounds, while infrared and atomic absorption spectrophotometers cater to different analytical needs.

5. Incubators and Ovens: Cultivating Conditions

lab equipment and ovens provide controlled environments for cultivating cells, growing cultures, and conducting experiments that require specific temperature and humidity conditions. Incubators are crucial for cell culture work, microbiology research, and molecular biology techniques like PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Ovens, on the other hand, are used for sterilization, drying, and heat treatments in applications ranging from sample preparation to materials testing.

6. Pipettes and Dispensers: Precise Liquid Handling

Pipettes and dispensers are precision instruments used for transferring precise volumes of liquids. Manual pipettes are operated by hand and are available in various formats, including micropipettes for small volumes and multichannel pipettes for high-throughput applications. Automated pipetting systems offer increased efficiency and reproducibility, making them ideal for tasks like serial dilutions, liquid handling in high-throughput screening, and molecular biology workflows.

7. Analytical Balances: Weighing with Precision

Analytical balances provide accurate measurements of mass, essential for tasks like preparing solutions, dosing reagents, and determining the purity of substances. These balances offer high precision, often capable of measuring weights down to the microgram or even nanogram level. They are equipped with features such as draft shields to minimize environmental interference and calibration routines to ensure accuracy.

lab equipment, the workhorses of any laboratory. Beakers, test tubes, and flasks, made from durable glass, are used for mixing, storing, and heating various substances. Pipettes, with their precise markings, ensure accurate measurements of even the smallest volumes. And who can forget the ubiquitous Bunsen burner, providing heat for countless experiments?

Delving deeper:

As we move beyond the basics, we encounter a world of specialized equipment. Microscopes, with their powerful lenses, unveil the unseen world of cells and microorganisms. Centrifuges separate mixtures based on density, while spectrometers analyze the composition of materials. Each piece of equipment is designed for a specific purpose, contributing to the scientific process in its own unique way.

The cutting edge:

Modern science is constantly evolving, and so is the equipment that supports it. Advanced tools like 3D printers and gene sequencers are pushing the boundaries of what’s possible. These sophisticated instruments allow scientists to create complex structures, analyze DNA, and unlock the secrets of life itself.

Beyond the tools:

But lab equipment is more than just tools. They are partners in discovery, silent witnesses to countless experiments and breakthroughs. They represent the dedication and ingenuity of scientists, engineers, and technicians who design, build, and use these instruments to push the frontiers of knowledge.

[techninja]

High-Throughput Pipetting: Multichannel Pipettes and Cutting-Edge Accessories at the Forefront

Introduction

Pipettes are essential laboratory instruments used for accurately measuring and transferring small volumes of liquid in various scientific and medical applications. They play a crucial role in a wide range of fields, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, clinical diagnostics, and academic research. The pipettes and accessories market is a dynamic and ever-evolving industry, driven by advancements in scientific research, healthcare, and diagnostic technologies. In this article, we will explore the key factors shaping the pipettes and accessories market, its growth prospects, and the innovative trends that are driving the industry forward.

Market Overview

The global pipettes and accessories market has been on a steady growth trajectory, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5% over the past few years. This growth can be attributed to several factors, including increased research and development activities in life sciences, growing demand for personalized medicine, and the expansion of the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical role of pipettes and other laboratory equipment in diagnostic testing and vaccine development, further driving market growth.

Types of Pipettes

The pipettes market comprises various types of pipettes, each designed for specific applications:

1. Manual Pipettes: These are the most commonly used pipettes and require human operation. They come in various volume capacities and are ideal for tasks that require precision and accuracy.

2. Electronic Pipettes: Also known as motorized or automatic pipettes, these are equipped with electronic components that enable precise volume control and reduce the risk of human error. Electronic pipettes are often used in high-throughput laboratories.

3. Multichannel Pipettes: These pipettes can dispense or aspirate multiple samples simultaneously, making them valuable for tasks that involve a high number of repetitive operations.

4. Single-Channel Pipettes: These pipettes are designed for handling a single sample at a time and are versatile for a wide range of applications.

5. Disposable Pipettes: Often made of plastic, these pipettes are used for applications where cross-contamination needs to be minimized.

Accessories and Innovations

The pipettes and accessories market isn't limited to just pipettes themselves. A wide range of accessories complements pipettes, including pipette tips, racks, and calibration equipment. The market for pipette tips, in particular, has witnessed significant growth, driven by the need for specialized tips that can handle various sample types, from viscous liquids to fragile cells.

Innovations in the pipettes and accessories market are driven by the demand for greater accuracy, reproducibility, and ease of use. Some notable trends include:

1. Advanced Ergonomics: Pipette manufacturers are focusing on ergonomic designs to reduce user fatigue and enhance comfort during prolonged pipetting tasks.

2. Digital Integration: Many electronic pipettes now feature digital interfaces that allow for easy programming and data logging. This integration streamlines workflows and enhances traceability.

3. Improved Calibration: Regular calibration is essential for maintaining pipette accuracy. Manufacturers are introducing innovative calibration tools and services to simplify this process.

4. Automation and Robotics: Automation in pipetting tasks is on the rise, particularly in high-throughput laboratories. Robotic systems that use pipettes are becoming more common, enabling precise and efficient sample handling.

5. Sustainability: With growing environmental awareness, there's a trend toward more sustainable pipette and accessory materials, as well as eco-friendly packaging.

Market Challenges

While the pipettes and accessories market presents significant opportunities, it also faces challenges, including the need for constant innovation to meet evolving research demands, increasing competition among manufacturers, and regulatory compliance. Additionally, supply chain disruptions, such as those seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, can impact the availability of critical pipetting equipment and accessories.

Conclusion

The pipettes and accessories market is vital to the progress of scientific research and healthcare. Its growth is fueled by the demand for precise and reliable liquid handling solutions in a wide range of applications. As the industry continues to evolve, manufacturers will need to stay at the forefront of technological advancements to meet the ever-increasing demands of researchers and scientists worldwide. With innovation and sustainability as guiding principles, the pipettes and accessories market is set to play a pivotal role in advancing scientific discovery and healthcare breakthroughs in the years to come.

[lab-instrument]

Manual Digital Adjustable 12 Channel Option Multichannel Pipette MicroPipette Lab Equipment M12 Series https://a.aliexpress.com/_mMV5cEO https://www.instagram.com/p/CqHeguzpTb5/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[microlitusa]

8 Channel Micropipette | Multichannel Micropipette | Microlit USA

Microlit offers the 8 Channel Micropipette that is lightweight variable volume multichannel micropipette for accurate and precise sampling and dispensing of liquids. This multichannel pipette has universal tipcone for internationally accepted tips, lightweight with soft grip for maximum user comfort and fully autoclavable to ensure safety from cross contamination of hazardous liquid. Microlit offers the calibration certificate confirmed to ISO 8655 standards and product certification with ISO 9001, ISO 13485, ISO 17025 and CE for all multichannel micropipettes. For more details, https://www.microlit.us/product-category/micropipettes/

[frontkilop]

Repeater pipette

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Trusted Supplier for Industrial & Military.

#Repeater pipette pro

Manufactured, packaged and stored under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). This repeater pipettor is designed for repeated distribution of micro volumes with easy handling like that of a normal pipette along with the flexibility of a. Eppendorf Repeater Pro Pipette Easy Click-Quote-Buy Today Fast Shipping. The Repeater E3X is for pipetting supernatants, titration and/or sequential dispensing. DWK-Life-Sciences-Stepper-174-411-Repeater-Pipette at Spectrum Chemical. The Repeater E3 model is designed for standard pipetting and dispensing applications. The Repeater E3 and E3x have a wide dispensing range of 1 µL to 50 mL, 5,000 different.

#Repeater pipette series

Combitips Advanced tips snap quickly into place. The Rainin NanoRep electronic repeater pipette from METTLER TOLEDO accurately dispenses volumes from 50 mL down to a low of 100 nL, providing ways to effecti. These electronic positive displacement dispenser pipettes are ideal for stress-free, long series repetitive dispensing due to their lightweight, ergonomic design, and easy, motor driven action which reduces fatigue and the risk of repetitive strain injuries.

#Repeater pipette serial

The pipettes automatically recognize tip size and displays dispensing volume. The Utah Amateur Radio Club (UARC) supports four repeaters along the Wasatch Front: The 146 Acting in its secondary function, the signal repeater extends the range of data transmission between the pump and valve Electronic Pipettor, the HandyStep ® Electronic Repeater for Serial Dispensing: Overview: The Ratiolab HandyStep ® Electronic. The one-button tip ejector streamlines tip changes.

#Repeater pipette free

Single-channel pipets are workhorses in liquid handling multichannel pipets are common in PCR and ELISA applications, with the number of channels ranging from 4 to 64.The Eppendorf Repeater E3 & E3X Repeating Pipette offers rapid and ergonomic dispensing via a motorized piston selection wheel. Both repeater pipettes are robust and maintenance free instruments that secure ergonomically correct and reliable repetitive pipetting. Repeating electronic pipets are useful in biochemistry, microbiology, and immunology. With easy-to-use controls, AutoRep S gives you the ability.

#Repeater pipette manual

AutoRep S is a manual repeater pipette with a volume range of 2 L-5 mL and features the high precision and accuracy of positive-displacement pipetting. Manual pipettors tend to be very durable and easily maintained, while electronic pipettors have the advantage of increased accuracy, reduced force, and a lower risk of repetitive stress injuries. A manual repeater pipette allows the user to repeat-dispense precise aliquots of any liquid, including viscous or volatile liquids. Next, choose manual versus electronic operation. No air cushion means more accurate pipetting of high-density samples. Pipette holder 2 for an electronic Eppendorf Multipette (Repeater) f.Carousel 2,wall mounting (w/o charging function). Samples that are viscous, radioactive, corrosive, or volatile tend to require a positive-displacement pipet, which has a disposable piston and direct piston–sample contact. Start by choosing a displacement method: Air-displacement pipets are often recommended for aqueous samples since there is always an air cushion (dead volume) between the sample and the piston. Pipets and pipettors are used to transfer or measure set volumes of liquid, ranging from 0.1 µL to 10 mL. Repeater Pipette Tips BRAND Sterile PD-Tip II Precision Dispenser Tips for Repeating Pipettes BRAND Sterile PD-Tip II Precision Dispenser fits all instruments using standard repeating tips.

[pinerpharma]

Repeater pipette

Repeater pipette serial#

Repeater pipette manual#

More than 100 aliquots can be dispensed with each syringe, eliminating time-consuming refills. As with all Gilson pipettes, DISTRIMAN delivers precise and reliable performance.ĭISTRIMAN covers a large range of aliquot volumes from 1 µL to 1.25 mL using only three DISTRITIPS syringes making it economical. Capp Rhythm stepper Repeater Pipette is an ideal basic repeating pipettor offering 45 dispensing volume options and covering the dispensing volumes from 1L. There is no risk of accidental conversion errors with the direct read out. Volumes are displayed clearly in microliters or milliliters on the digital read out.ĭispense the exact volume required for any analysis protocol and achieve optimal pipetting results even with volatile or viscous liquids. No tables to read, no conversions to make, just set the volume and dispense. It is ideal for repetitive dispensing in clinical, hospital, biological, chemical, food & beverage, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and forensics labs.ĭispense exact volumes without tedious calculations.

Repeater pipette manual#

With DISTRIMAN, you can dispense the exact volume required for any protocol, even fractional volumes. Lab Equipment Pipettes Calibration Centrifuge eppendorf Electronic Pipettes Pipetting Multichannel Pipettes Capp Motorized Pipette Controllers pipette My Science Matters Pipette Calibration Pipette Tips Product Reviews benchmark biology incubator oxford lab products spectrophotometry Cell Culture. Repeater Plus1 is the ideal precision instrument for reducing the time associated with manual, long-series pipetting. Wheaton Science Products W835001 Socorex Acura Manual Microdispenser Repeater Pipette, 5 to 50 L Volume Range: : Industrial & Scientific. View product details on the Socorex website or contact your closest distributor.DISTRIMAN® is a positive-displacement, continuously adjustable, repetitive pipette with direct read out designed to simplify multiple dispensing when used with DISTRITIPS® syringes. Stepper™ contains neither battery nor electronic compound and offers a very long life span. If remaining liquid in the syringe is smaller than the selected aliquot volume, the built-in self-locking mechanism stops distribution to prevent false delivery. This allows you to increase production and remove wasted movement. Pipette Supplies offers repeater pipettes in manual and electronic formats, single channel and multichannel. 1, Optimized for smooth dispensing of even the smallest volumes 2, Five easy-to-select settings. A graduation on the syringe helps monitoring liquid content. Repeater pipettes, both in manual and electronic variants, are great for instances where you are going to be repeatedly dispensing the same volume of liquids multiple times without having to aspire in between. Repeater Pipette, StepMate Muliti-Dispenser, Stepper. The colour codes on both syringes and setting knobs eliminate any risk of wrong use. A repeater or repeating pipette can be used in almost any protocol. Volume selection is easy and quick, with a clear reading of the adjustment chosen. The Eppendorf Repeater M4 Pipette brings you easy-to-use digital pipetting and dispensing in an comfortable to use instrument. The repeaters transmit frequency is your radios receive frequency in the 462 MHz. There are three interchangeable setting knobs, bearing volumes and corresponding number of aliquots. The syringes are available in regular, non-sterile version, as well as in a sterile, high purity bioproof™ grade version. Ecostep™ syringes are made of PP and PE materials providing for excellent chemical resistance. DISTRIMAN® is a positive-displacement, continuously adjustable, repetitive pipette with direct read out designed to simplify multiple dispensing when used with DISTRITIPS® syringes. And the very fine syringe tip end facilitates distribution in narrow tubes.Īssociated with only three Ecostep™ positive displacement syringes, it provides a broad choice of 53 different volumes, and up to 73 aliquots per filling. Stepper™ offers a great flexibility in use, fitting well in many laboratories performing repeat dispensing tasks such as screening procedures, dividing samples in small portions, or dispensing reagents in vials. Its unique four-finger activation eliminates thumb fatigue, enabling smooth monitoring of each step, whatever the pipetting speed.

Repeater pipette serial#

The crystal blue repeater pipette Stepper™ 416 from Socorex is a compact and reliable instrument intended for serial dispensing from 10 to 5000 µL. Repeating pipette has an injection inlet (5) for the fastening section of an injector (6), a receptor body (9) with a piston uptake for the operation section of an injection piston.

[evoldir]

Fwd: Job: UCalifornia_Berkeley.LabTech.VertebrateZoology

Begin forwarded message: > From: evoldir@evol.biology.mcmaster.ca > Subject: Job: UCalifornia_Berkeley.LabTech.VertebrateZoology > Date: 11 December 2020 at 06:33:21 GMT > To: rdmpage@gmail.com > > > > Now Hiring! Lab Assistant Job ID 12775 > We are currently seeking a Lab Assistant to join the Museum of Vertebrate > Zoology to generate short-read sequencing libraries for a large-scale > conservation genomics project: the California Conservation genomics > Project (https://ift.tt/3gJ8I2M). > > Apply here: https://ift.tt/2EBfLcV and reference position 12775 > > About us: > The Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ) is a center for research and > education in the biology of vertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, > birds, and mammals. Founded in 1908, the Museum's mission is to document > and increase understanding of the diversity of vertebrates, with > particular emphasis on western North America. The superb collections > are at the heart of the MVZ program, where methods of field biology > are combined with modern laboratory techniques and analytical methods > in a comprehensive, synthetic approach. Our goals are to remain at > the forefront of international research on evolutionary biology from > the perspectives of systematics, ecology, behavior, functional and > developmental morphology, population biology, and evolutionary genomics, > and to lead the way in using natural history collections for research, > education, and solving problems in biodiversity conservation. > > Responsibilities: > - Plate-based DNA Extraction. > - DNA handling and quantification. > - Illumina short-read library preparation. > - Post-library preparation assessment. > - Optimization, troubleshooting, and repeats. > - Project communication. > > Required Qualifications: > - Prior experience in working in a molecular biology lab, particularly >  with DNA extraction, PCR, agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA >  quantitation, and Illumina library preparation. > - Meticulous record-keeping using a laboratory notebook and >  computerized records. > - Basic computer skills for data entry in spreadsheets and use of >  databases. > - Good communication skills (verbal and written) and ability to maintain >  working relationships in the laboratory as part of a team. > - Ability to manage several tasks simultaneously. > - Confidence to work independently after initial training but also to be >  comfortable in asking questions and for clarification. > - Commitment to follow and enforce laboratory safety guidelines (both in >  terms of regular procedures and those specific to the prevention of >  the spread of SARS-CoV-2). > > Education/Training: > - BS in Biology and/or equivalent experience/training. > > Preferred Qualifications: > - Experience working with large-scale samples in 96-well plates. > - Familiarity with SPRI (solid phase reversible immobilization) beads >  for DNA extraction, purification, and/or size-selection. > - Previous use of high-throughput laboratory tools (plate reader, >  multichannel and repeater pipettes, and/or basic robotics) > > Application Review Date > - The First Review Date for this job is: December 24, 2020 > > Salary & Benefits > - This position is a non-exempt, bi-weekly paid position. Hourly pay for >  this role is commensurate with experience. > - For information on the comprehensive benefits package offered by the >  University visit: https://ift.tt/2W7nyGw >  benefits/index.html > > How to Apply > - Please submit your cover letter and resume as a single attachment when >  applying. Use https://ift.tt/2EBfLcV and reference position 12775 > > Other Information > - This is a one-year, full-time, 40-hours per week, Limited (temporary) >  Appointment. > - This position is governed by the terms and conditions in the agreement >  for the Technical Unit (TX) between the University of California and >  the University Professional and Technical Employees (UPTE). The >  current bargaining agreement manual can be found at: https://ift.tt/3oDHsFB >  units/tx/index.html > - Per the UPTE Contract, Article 31, Section B - ¿The automatic >  conversion to career status, as provided in Section B.2. above, will >  not occur when: c. The funding for the position is "one-time" funding, >  of eighteen months or less, or the employee was hired specifically to >  work on a short-term project lasting no more than one year. > > Equal Employment Opportunity > - The University of California is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative >  Action Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration >  for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual >  orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability, or >  protected veteran status. For more information about your rights as an >  applicant see: https://ift.tt/376R8Cm >  s/employers/poster_screen_reader_optimized.pdf > - For the complete University of California nondiscrimination and >  affirmative action policy see: >  https://ift.tt/1h73V7e > > phbenham@gmail.com > via IFTTT

[naivelocus]

A simple high-throughput approach identifies actionable drug sensitivities in patient-derived tumor organoids

Establishment of 3D tumor models in ring format

To rapidly screen organoids, we first established a miniaturized system that allows the setup of hundreds of wells and perform assays with minimal manipulation. We adapted the geometry used to plate tumor cells in Matrigel, to generate mini-rings around the rim of the wells. This is attained by plating single-cell suspensions obtained from a cell line or a surgical specimen pre-mixed with cold Matrigel (3:4 ratio) in a ring shape around the rim in 96-well plates (Fig. 1a). Rings can be established using a single-well or multichannel pipette. Use of a robotic system or automated 96-well pipettor is theoretically feasible as long as temperature and plate positioning can be effectively controlled. The combination of small volume plated (10 µl) and surface tension holds the cells in place until the Matrigel solidifies upon incubation at 37 °C and prevents two-dimensional (2D) growth at the center of the wells. The ring configuration allows for media addition and removal so that changes of conditions or treatment addition to be easily performed by pipetting directly in the center of the well, preventing any disruption of the gel. Cancer cell lines grown in mini-ring format give rise to organized tumor organoids that recapitulate features of the original histology (Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1).

Fig. 1

The mini-ring method for 3D tumor cell biology. a Schematics of the mini-ring setup. Cells are plated to form a solid thin ring as depicted in 1 and photographed in 2. The picture in 3 acquired with a cell imager shows tumor organoids growing at the periphery of the well as desired, with no invasion of the center. b Proliferation of primary tumor cells as measured by ATP release. Different seeding densities were tested and compared. This clinical sample grew and maintained the heterogeneity and histology of the original ovarian tumor, which had a high-grade serous carcinoma component (H&E left picture) and a clear cell component (H&E right picture). Scale bar, 20 µm. c Schematic of the drug-treatment experiments performed in the mini-ring setting. The pictures are representative images as acquired on different days using a Celigo cell imager. d–g Assays to monitor drug response of cell lines using the mini-ring configuration. Three drugs (ReACp53, Staurosporine, and Doxorubicin) were tested at five concentrations in triplicates for all cell lines. d ATP release assay (CellTiter-Glo 3D) readout. e,f Calcein/PI readout. e Representative image showing staining of MCF7 cells with the dyes and segmentation to quantify the different populations (live / dead). Scale bar, 400 nm. f Quantification of Calcein/PI assay for three-drug assay. g Quantification of cleaved caspase 3/7 assay. Doxorubicin was omitted due to its fluorescence overlapping with the caspase signal. For all graphs, symbols are individual replicates, bars represent the average, and error bars show SD

Similarly, we can routinely establish patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) using the same geometry. As an example, Patient #1 was diagnosed with a high-grade mixed type carcinoma with both a high-grade serous component as well as a clear cell component (Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Fig. 2a). Cancer cells isolated from Patient #1 grown in our ring system show two distinct cytomorphologies: one group of cells have clear cytoplasm and cuboidal appearance, whereas the second group of cells organize in clusters in a columnar manner and have dense cytoplasm (Supplementary Fig. 2a). These morphologies are compatible with the two different histologies found in the original tumor, clear cell, and high-grade serous carcinoma (Supplementary Fig. 2a).

p53 is a defining marker of serous ovarian cancer, but is rarely expressed by clear cell ovarian tumors26. Both the tumor organoids and the primary cancer cells show similar p53 staining patters, with populations of p53-positive and p53-negative cells (Supplementary Fig. 2b,c). Thus, patient samples obtained at the time of surgery can proliferate in our system and maintain the heterogeneity of the original tumor as expected (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Fig. 2).

Assay optimization

Next we optimized treatment protocols and readouts for the mini-ring approach. Our standardized paradigm includes: seeding cells on day 0, establishing organoids for 2–3 days followed by two consecutive daily drug treatments, each performed by complete medium change (Fig. 1c). To demonstrate feasibility, we performed small-scale screenings testing three drugs at five different concentrations in triplicates, ReACp5317, Staurosporine27, and Doxorubicin (Fig. 1d–g, Supplementary Fig. 3–5). We optimized different readouts to adapt the method to specific research questions or instrument availability. After seeding cells in standard white plates, we performed a luminescence-based ATP assay to obtain a metabolic readout of cell status, calculate EC50, and identify cell-specific sensitivities (Fig. 1, Supplementary Figs. 3–4). Results show how the Matrigel in the mini-ring setup is thin enough to allow penetration not only of small molecules but also of higher molecular weight biologics such as peptides17. EC50s ranged between 2.5 µM (MDA-MB-468) and 10 µM (MCF7) for ReACp53, between 100 nM (MCF7) and 800 nM (PANC 03.27) for Staurosporine, and between 0.9 µM (SK-NEP) and 12 µM (MCF7) for Doxorubicin. Our measurements are in line with the Doxorubicin resistance of MCF7 cells grown in Matrigel in 3D that has been previously reported28.

We performed two consecutive treatments, which allows the drugs to not only penetrate the gel but also to reach organoids that may be bulky17. However, the assay is flexible and can be easily adapted to single treatments followed by longer incubations, multiple consecutive recurring treatments, multi-drug combinations, or other screening strategies (Supplementary Fig. 4).

We also implemented assays to quantify drug response by measuring cell viability after staining of live organoids with specific dyes followed by imaging. We optimized a calcein-release assay coupled to propidium iodide (PI) staining as well as a caspase 3/7 cleavage assay that can be readily performed after seeding the cells in standard black plates (Fig. 1e–g and Supplementary Fig. 5). For all assays, tumor organoids are stained following dispase release. After a 40 min incubation, organoids are imaged and pictures are segmented and quantified (Fig. 1e–g and Supplementary Fig. 5). All the assays are performed within the same well in which spheroids are seeded. Although the various assays we introduce are testing different aspects of cell viability and measure distinct biological events, results were mostly concordant across the methods for the three drugs tested (Fig. 1 and Supplementary Figs. 3 and 5).

Comparison of mini-ring method with traditional drop seeding

To confirm that 3D models established in mini-rings behave as those formed using traditional drop seeding methods, we directly compared the two techniques (Fig. 2). For this experiment, we seeded 5000 MCF7 cells/well either as drops or mini-rings and tested three drugs, ReACp53, Staurosporine, and Doxorubicin, in duplicates as described above. Results show that appearance of MCF7 3D spheroids (Fig. 2a) and drug sensitivities as measured by ATP assays (Fig. 2b) were undistinguishable when comparing mini-rings and drops. However, drops required individual manual aspiration and media addition, which resulted in longer processing times as no automation could be implemented.

Fig. 2

Comparison of different seeding procedures. a Bright-field images of rings and drops of MCF7 cells in Cultrex BME. Scale bar, 1 mm. b ATP assays showing identical sensitivities of mini-rings and drops to ReACp53, Staurosporine, and Doxorubicin tested at five concentrations in duplicates. Two independent experiments performed, all points shown. Bars represent the average, error bars show SD

Many other proteinaceous matrices are commercially available beside Matrigel. To confirm that other supports can be used for mini-rings, we used Cultrex BME in this experiment instead of Matrigel. Cells could be seeded as mini-rings and performance of Cultrex BME mirrored that of Matrigel (see Fig. 1d vs. Fig. 2b). In summary, different supports can be used to establish 3D models in mini-ring format and we observe no effect of mini-rings in terms of growth and drug treatment when comparing these with traditional seeding approaches.

Identification of actionable drug responses in PDTOs

A rapid functional assay to determine drug sensitivities of primary specimens can offer actionable information to help tailoring therapy to individual cancer patients3. We tested suitability of our approach to rapidly and effectively identify drug susceptibilities of three ovarian cancer samples and one high-grade serous peritoneal cancer specimen obtained from the operating room (Supplementary Table 1; Figs. 3 and 4). In all cases, ascites or tumor samples were processed and then plated as mini-rings (see Methods). To maximize the amount of information extracted from irreplaceable clinical samples, we investigated the possibility to concurrently perform multiple assays on the same plate. To do so, we first optimized the initial seeding cell number (5000 cells/well) to couple an ATP metabolic assay to 3D tumor count and total organoid area measurements. This seeding density yields a low-enough number of organoids to facilitate size distribution analysis but sufficient ATP signal to be within the dynamic range of the CaspaseGlo 3D assay. Careful consideration should be given as to whether the number of seeding cells can accurately recapitulate composition and heterogeneity of the tumor of origin. Cancer cell concentration can be reduced or augmented in our system depending on the characteristics of the tumor (Fig. 1b).

Fig. 3

Mini-ring approach to unveil drug response patterns in PDTOs. a Morphology of all PDTOs established in this study as visualized by bright-field microscopy. Morphology and 3D organization of the samples is highly variable. For instance, some of Patient #3 cells are arranged in fascicles within the Matrigel, likely representing the sarcomatous component of the tumor. Scale bar, 100 µm. b Results of kinase screening experiment for Patient #1 PDTOs. Three readouts were used for this assay: ATP quantification as measured by CellTiter-Glo 3D and organoid number or size quantification evaluated by bright-field imaging. Bright-field images were segmented and quantified using the Celigo S Imaging Cell Cytometer Software. Both organoid number and total area were evaluated for their ability to capture response to drugs. In this plot, each vertical line is one drug, all 240 tested are shown. Values are normalized to the respective vehicle controls for each method and expressed as %. AverageZ-score calculated as reported in Methods. c A representative image of the effects of the indicated drug treatments as visualized by the Celigo cell imager. Scale bar, 100 µm. d Small-scale kinase assay on Patient #1 primary PDTOs and PDX-derived cells. ATP readout. Four molecules not present in the primary screening were tested. Flavopiridol and BS-181 HCl are included as positive and negative control, respectively. t-test, **p < 0.01. e Comparison of the histology of the primary tumor with the established PDX. Scale bar: 100 µm

Fig. 4

Individualized response of PDTOs to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. a–c Results of kinase screening experiment on Patients #2–4 organoids. Each vertical line represents one of 241 tested drugs. Values are normalized to the respective vehicle controls (DMSO) for each method and expressed as %. d Expression of the multi-drug efflux protein ABCB1 in PDTOs as visualized by IHC. Patient #2 expresses very high levels of the ABC transporter. Scale bar: 60 µm. e Diagram illustrating limited overlap between the detected patterns of response identified through the mini-ring assay for all patients

For each patient sample, we seeded six 96-well plates and tested 240 protein kinase inhibitors FDA-approved or in clinical development. We tested each drug at two different concentrations (120 nM and 1 µM), for a total of 480 different conditions tested. Differently from established cancer cell lines, the number of cells obtained from surgical specimens can be limiting. As such, we opted for a two-dose focused screening, a common approach to identify potential hits. Validation can then be performed using frozen aliquots of cells that we cryopreserve after tissue processing post surgery (Supplementary Fig. 6b). However, our method can be adapted to accommodate any number of different screening designs, including concentration series (Fig. 1d–g and Supplementary Fig. 3 and 5) or multiple drug combinatorial assays.

For PDTOs, we used the same experimental paradigm optimized using cell lines (Fig. 1c). All steps (media change, drug treatment) were automated and performed in < 2 min/plate using a Beckman Coulter Biomek FX integrated into a Thermo Spinnaker robotic system. At the end of each experiment, PDTOs are first imaged in bright-field mode for organoid count/size distribution analysis followed by an ATP assay performed on the same plates. The measurements yielded high-quality data that converged on several hits, highlighting the feasibility of our approach to identify potential leads (Figs. 3 and 4).

Patient #1: high-grade mixed type carcinoma

Cells obtained from Patient #1 at the time of cytoreductive surgery were chemo-naive and the heterogeneous nature of this clear cell/high-grade serous tumor was recapitulated in the PDTOs (Table 1, Fig. 1b, and Supplementary Fig. 2). Despite aggressive debulking surgery and treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel regimens, Patient #1 had persistent disease, never achieved complete remission, and overall survival from diagnosis was 11 months. Resistance to carboplatin was also observed in our high-throughput assay, with no significant reduction of viability observed at either 10 or 25 µM concentrations (Supplementary Fig. 6a). The organoids were however sensitive to ~6% of the protein kinase inhibitors tested (16/240), with sensitivity defined as residual cell viability ≤ 25% and average Z-score ≤ − 5 (Table 1, Supplementary Table 2, Supplementary Fig. 7a; see Methods for Z-score calculations). Patient #1’s tumor organoids responded to 58% of all cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors tested (7/12 total, 11 different compounds, and one, Flavopiridol, in two formulations). In particular, cells appeared highly sensitive to inhibitors hitting CDK1/2 in combination with CDK4/6 or CDK5/9 (Table 1, Fig. 3c, and Supplementary Table 3). Interestingly, CDK inhibitors have found limited applicability in ovarian cancer therapy so far29. Based on the profiles of the CDK inhibitors tested and on the response observed (Supplementary Table 3), we selected four untested molecules to assay. We anticipated that Patient #1 would not respond to Palbociclib (targeting CDK4/6) and THZ1 (CDK7), while expecting a response to JNJ-7706621 (CDK1/2/3/4/6) and AZD54338 (CDK1/2/9; Supplementary Table 3). BS-181 HCl and Flavopiridol were included as negative and positive control, respectively. Results show that organoids were not sensitive to JNJ-7706621 but had a strong response to THZ1 (Fig. 3d). Both THZ1 and BS-181 HCl specifically target CDK7. Nevertheless, Patient #1 PDTOs showed a strong response to the former but no response to the latter, which could be attributed to the different activity of the two as recently observed in breast cancer30. We detected elevated CDK7 protein expression in Patient #1 PDTOs (Supplementary Fig. 7b).

Table 1 List of molecules causing over 75% reduction in viability in PDTOs established from Patient #1’s tumor

We also attempted to validate the screening results in vivo by establishing PDXs injecting Patient #1 cells subcutaneously in NSG mice (500 K/mouse, 12 mice). However, only three mice developed PDXs over the course of 5 months. The xenografts resembled the histology of the primary tumor (Fig. 3e). To test whether the PDXs had a similar response to CDK inhibitors, we dissociated the PDX to single-cell suspension and generated organoids from one of them (Fig. 3a, d, e). The PDX-derived organoids showed an overall trend toward a reduction in sensitivity to CDKs when compared with the PDTOs. We observed a statistically significant decrease in response to 0.1 µM THZ1, and 1 µM JNJ-7706621 and AZD5438 (p < 0.01, Fig. 3d) in the PDX-derived organoid compared with the PDTOs. This is not unexpected, as human cancer cells grown in mice rapidly diverge from the tumor they were obtained from31,32.

Patient #2: platinum-resistant high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma

Patient #2 was diagnosed with progressive, platinum-resistant high-grade serous ovarian cancer and was heavily pretreated before sample procurement (Supplementary Table 1). Patient #2 PDTOs were also platinum-resistant in our system (Supplementary Fig. 6a), with no reduction of viability observed upon treating the cells with either 10 or 25 µM carboplatin. The PDTOs showed a strong response (residual cell viability ≤ 25% and average Z-score ≤ − 5) to only 0.8% of all drugs tested (2/240, Fig. 4a, Table 2, and Supplementary Fig. 7a). We validated the results by performing a dose–response study (Supplementary Fig. 6b). We exposed patient #2 organoids to eight concentrations of the two hits identified in the screening, BGT226 and Degrasyn (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 µM), in duplicates. We used the same experimental setup as indicated above and the EC50s calculated using the ATP results from two independent experiments confirm Patient #2’s organoid sensitivity to low concentrations of the two drugs (Supplementary Fig. 6b).

Table 2 Drug leads causing over 75% cell death in PDTOs from Patient #2, #3, and #4

Patient #2 PDTOs showed only a moderate response to our positive control, Staurosporine, a pan-kinase inhibitor with very broad activity27. The lack of response to multiple therapies observed for Patient #2 led us to hypothesize that there could be overexpression of efflux membrane proteins. Indeed, the PDTOs showed a high level of expression of ABCB1 (Fig. 4d). High expression of the ATP-dependent detox protein ABCB1 is frequently found in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells and recurrent ovarian cancer patients’ samples, and has been correlated with poor prognosis33,34.

We found a moderate response, comparable to the effect of Staurosporine (~40% residual cell viability), to EGFR/HER2 inhibitors including Lapatinib and WZ8040 (Table 2). We could detect high expression of EGFR at the plasma membrane of the tumor cells (Supplementary Fig. 7c), as is common for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer35.

Patients #3: carcinosarcoma of the ovary

Patient #3 presented with a carcinosarcoma of the ovary, an extremely rare and aggressive ovarian tumor, which has not been fully characterized at the molecular level yet36,37 (Supplementary Table 1, Fig. 4b, Table 2, and Supplementary Fig. 7a). In our screening, the PDTOs established from this tumor responded to ~3% of all tested kinase inhibitors (7/240, residual cell viability ≤ 25%, and average Z-score ≤ − 1.5), including CDK inhibitors and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors.

Patient #4: high-grade peritoneal carcinoma

Patient #4 was diagnosed with a high-grade peritoneal tumor and showed a response to only 0.8% of all tested drugs (2/240, Supplementary Table 1, Fig. 4c, Table 3, and Supplementary Fig. 7a and 7d). The PDTOs showed a marked response to two drugs, one pan-Akt inhibitor (GSK690693) and a PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor (BGT226), with measured cell viability ≤ 25% and average Z-score ≤ − 5. However, different from Patient #2, Patient #4 PDTOs were sensitive to Staurosporine, with only 9 ± 1% residual viability after 2 days of treatment. Protein kinase C, which is the primary target of Staurosporine, is also a secondary target of GSK69069338.

Although only 2 inhibitors caused a 75% reduction in cell viability, 11 agents caused ≥ 50% cell death (Z-score ≤ − 5). Using this cutoff, we could identify six mTOR inhibitors including Omipalisib, Apitolisib, and Sapanisertib. These constitute 30% of all the mTOR inhibitors tested, pinpointing a potential vulnerability of this pathway.

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How to Improve Pipetting Techniques

One of the widely recognized normal operations done in the laboratories is Pipetting. This technique is both an estimating strategy and the movement utilized for transporting little volumes of liquid. Tasks done can become a routine. However, it is basic to take after prescribed procedures with such little specimen volumes and even trifling mix-ups impact the consequences.

Averting statistical anomalies in data sets

If you are gathering information for the pre-market authorization accommodation to the FDA to fulfill canny companion commentator, factual anomalies can annihilate the certainty estimation of an informational index. Numerous wellsprings of factors exist when taking care of microliter volumes of fluid for exploratory examination. To begin with, intra operator changeability, it is the level of fluctuation that exists over different informational indexes performed by a similar person. The inter-operator variability is the difference level that exists between different administrators playing out an indistinguishable undertaking. These both fluctuation resources can essentially affect trust in the information.

Different kinds of Pipetting Variability

Intra-operator Variability:

The variance of intra operator in standard fluid dealing with is presented through contrasts in pipettes or moment variances in the method. Likewise, while you pipet into a microplate, an administrator may not hold the pipette vertical that leads to contrasts in fine weight of pipette tip. Subsequently, little variances can be seen in the measure of administered fluid. So also, the administrator may not contact the pipette tip against the well divider with different pipetting into the same microplate. They can affect trail readout while these sources result in picoliter or nano contrasts in the aliquot volume.

Inter-operator Variability:

The change in inter-operator in the standard fluid is presented through contrasts in administrator method. One such precedent is the weight connected to a pipette while apportioning fluid. The last level of the solitary step of pipetting includes pushing air through the tip to remove any staying fluid. A few administrators may apply a sufficient measure of weight others may apply weight or oust the fluid too quickly. These both distinctions can result in unique readouts when information is obtained. When the factual examination is connected, these deviations will convert into decreased certainty esteems may be falling great underneath the benchmark of 99.7%.

Techniques to attain confidence interval of 99.7% in liquid handling

An administrator's method is just as exact as the instrument he/she is utilizing. Therefore, an individual pipette ought to be utilized while reproducing tests or for a given trial. Although the exactness of the pipette might be inadequate, the fluctuation level will stay consistent crosswise over repeats and informational collections. Likewise, pipettes ought to be legitimately kept up. This incorporates standard cleaning and administration by a guaranteed expert. Exactness and accuracy need to be computed between planned administrations by estimating the heaviness of a known fluid aliquot. These means can enhance the outcomes got in fluid approaching processes. Even though the instrument mistake is normal, administrator blunder is considerably bigger and unavoidable issue when managing fluid. Few arrangements exist to battle these wellsprings of mistake. Initially, prepare and retrain your staff all the time which directs for appropriate pipetting to go far in decreasing slip-ups. Like, when required survey administrator methods at normal interims will recommend remedial activities. Also running the dummy plates for these appraisals may devour expensive reagents. However, it's superior to advocating distant information focuses on an analyst.

Electronics Pipettes

These are the valuable device in annihilating blunders in techniques of pipetting. The exactness of electronic pipettes and reproducibility far surpass that of manual pipettes, including pipettes with multichannel. Both of the variability pipetting i.e.., intra-and inter-operator fluctuation is decreased to a reasonable level. For whatever length of time, it takes a workforce to precisely program these pipettes. The measure of fluid administered will without a doubt be more exact than that of manual instruments. Administrators can just turn a handle or press a catch to be guaranteed that volumes of aliquot will be inside acknowledged vacillation to the coveted amount. Furthermore, electronic instruments are better than manual pipettes as far as productivity, which diminishes administrator strain. And also guarantees that fluids are administered in an opportune way.

Electronic pipettes are an essential and viable arrangement in fighting poor certainty interims. The 99.7% benchmark certainty interim never again lays two standard deviations outside the mean when in the hands of legitimately prepared professionals.

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Automated Liquid Handling Market Analysis- KBV Research

Automated Liquid Handling systems have contributed to the rearrangement of research workflows, which has further led to off-putting the manual efforts that are typically involved in liquid transfer operations. Automated liquid handling reflects a set of equipment and instruments that are used for handling liquids and implementing functions relating to liquid transfer within a clinical and research arena.

Intuitive interfaces of automated liquid handling systems enable operators of any skill level to perform their daily tasks effortlessly and with confidence. The systems provide full control of a highly flexible automation. Automated liquid handling systems reduce time spent on repetitive pipetting tasks. They offer systems that are best suitable for medium or high applications along with meeting multiple liquid handling requisites which include channels, liquid volumes, or microplate type. Decreasing sample contamination and improving accuracy in bioassays is possible with these systems.

Manual intervention into research often comes coupled with errors and is not reproducible. It further creates supplementary bottlenecks within the encompassed research experiment when try-outs are not satisfactorily reproduced. These concerns have highlighted the adoption of automated liquid handling systems since their implementation ensures error-free reproducible results.

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Why are ALH systems crucial?

Since multiple variables are affecting the important process in laboratories, choosing the appropriate solution for small volume handling is extremely important. Therefore, numerous labs have turned to automated liquid handling systems to complement improved reliability and increased efficiency to lab processes. One of the key benefits of automated liquid handlers is that they eradicate both person-to-person and day-to-day variability. Further, they generally accomplish this through minimized training that is needed to manually hand out sub-microliter volumes. Automated liquid handles also enable combination with other processing instruments. Through this, automated liquid handlers can be improved to accomplish better results and can be calibrated as per factors like the liquid type.

Types of Automated Liquid Handling Systems

Individual Benchtop Workstation

Individual benchtop workstations are tools that are designed to perform most of the sampling, mixing, and amalgamating liquid samples automatically. Bioresearch laboratories and drug development labs have limited sample contamination and free personnel to perform other tasks by using a multipurpose liquid handling automated workstation. The workstations are capable of measuring samples, add reagents, and ensure that liquids are added to bioassays in a uniform way. In comparison with other liquid handling systems, benchtop workstations are emerging as one of the top selling products across the globe.

ALH in PCR setup

The automation of PCR setup upsurges reproducibility alongside reducing hands-on time. Automated liquid handlers enable rapid and accurate setup of endpoint, real-time, and multiplex PCR experiments. With platform sizes including benchtop and largely integrated workstations, any throughput requirements can be entertained. Automated liquid handlers offer solutions for any PCR automation needs.

 ALH in Serial Dilution

Serial dilutions are a commonly used application in a lab. The user pipettes concentrated sample into the desired location and fill a series of additional locations which contain a fixed amount of diluent. Lab automation is the most appropriate choice for simplifying serial dilutions along with assuring utmost accuracy. A multi-channel automated pipettor has the capability of carrying out serial dilutions of eight to twelve samples simultaneously.

ALH in Plate Reformatting

Owing to the surging liquid handling constraints, sample reformatting turns out to be an expensive process. Plate reformatting is the process in which samples are moved from one container to another. The flow must be carefully performed to avoid unnecessary container format changes. Automated liquid handlers are used for compound management. These offer full plate dilutions and reformatting from source plates to assay plates.

Trends & Developments

Liquid handling robots are being used in automating chemical and biochemical laboratories. The robots dispense a specific quantity of reagent, samples, or other liquids into a designated container. Several liquid handling workstations can conduct multiple lab unit operations like sample mixing, transport, manipulation, and incubation. Liquid handling robots are available in the market with customizations using different add-on modules like PCR machines, colony pickers, etc. Manufacturers are emphasizing on developing automated liquid handling workstations to mix, sample, and combine the liquids.

Automated liquid handling systems extend the range from semi-automated multichannel pipettors to room-sized systems. The industry is evolving toward nifty, modular systems for every budget. Similarly, instrumentation, software, and methods are following the trend toward superior user accessibility.

Contact Us:- 244 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1407 New York, N.Y. 10001 United States (U.S) Tel: +1 (646) 661-6066 Email : info@kbvresearch.com

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