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itsgerges · 2 months ago

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Best Regards

The Planets Were Moving In Their Orbits Before The Sun Creation (Revised) https://app.box.com/s/dufa274dvpay3fqn6syz6sefjljfwnx9 or https://app.box.com/s/89vxxtv3hc8si245fwxpbw0ts9b126nz or https://www.tumblr.com/itsgerges/762780127698567168/the-planets-were-moving-in-their-orbits-before-the?source=share or https://gerges2022.livejournal.com/239300.html

The Sun Creation The sun is created depending on the planets motions- because- the sun rays is created by the planets motions energies- In details- Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2) and from this energy the sun rays is created- means- the sun is not doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays but the planets motions energies total is used to produce the sun rays– that explains why the sun corona temperature is 5 million Kelvin but the sun surface temperature is 5800 Kelvin- because the energy is not produced from the sun body but the energy comes from out of the sun body (from the planets motions energies total)- This theory is discussed based on 5 hypotheses. The First Hypothesis The Sun Rays Is Created By The Gravitational Waves Motions Energies This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83 This new article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- I suppose -the sun rays is produced based on this method by the gravitational waves motions and not by the sun nuclear fusion- also – I claim No star rays is produced by the nuclear fusion process but all rays are created by the gravitational waves motions energies as the article states. The Second Hypothesis The gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- and not by the gravitational field- moreover- The sun is Not producing any gravitational field- The Third Hypothesis The gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system- the wave reflection causes changes for the waves properties and data- the major change is that- the reflection causes to square the wave velocity- means- the gravitational wave moves by velocity (V), if this wave is reflected, it would move by velocity (V^2) after the reflection- The gravitational waves are reflected three times in the solar system- two times in the outer planets and one time only in the inner planets- The Fourth Hypothesis The Planets Motions Use Different Rates Of Time The rate of time use is useful because it enables to accumulate the planets motions energies during a period of time- understandable- Planet motion energy is small energy and the sun rays is massive energy and that necessitates to accumulate the planets motions energies total during a period of time to store motion energy sufficient to be used for the sun rays creation- Shortly- if the planets motions don't use rates of time, no massive motion energy can be provided and for that NO enough energy will be found to produce the sun rays-means- No light beam can be created The rate of time depends on the velocities rate Example (one hour of Mercury clock = 1.6 hours of the Earth clock) because Mercury velocity =1.6 the Earth velocity– the hypothesis is explained and proved in details

The Fifth Hypothesis Neptune Motion Causes Negative Effects On The Sun Rays Production Process are (1) Neptune motion caused the gravitational waves to be reflected two times in the outer planets where one reflection is enough for the required process- the wave reflection is repeated by Neptune negative effect on the solar system motion (2) Neptune caused to decrease the gravitational wave speed by one percent- where the gravitational wave moves by speed of light Neptune caused to decrease this speed by 1% creating a speed = (99% of the speed of light=297000 km/s) and by this speed (0.99C) the relativistic effects are created in the solar system

NOTICE The solar system is one machine performs one Job- and this Job is The Sun Rays Production - All planets motions are used as parts to perform this one Job-

The Sun Rays Production Is Done By Two Basic Tasks (1st task) The Provision Of The Sufficient Energy For The Sun Rays Production- and the sufficient energy is prepared by the motions of the five planets (Saturn- Jupiter- Venus- The Earth- The Moon – and Mars) because these five planets motions are used to create the general rate of time based on which The Sun Rays Are Created. (discussed in details in the 3rd hypothesis)

(2nd task) The mechanism by which the light beam is created- and this mechanism is the relative motion- the gravitational waves move relative to the sun point of space- by this relative motion the sun rays are created- means- the required energy is prepared and provided by the aforementioned five planets- and when the sufficient energy be provided this energy is sent to the planets which create the mechanism and the mechanism uses the sufficient energy to produce The Sun Rays The mechanism depends on the motions of 3 planets (Mercury- Venus and the moon) Specially Venus, because Venus reflects the wave toward Mars and defines its trajectory angle to create the relative motion between the wave and the sun point of space- the relative motion is discussed in details in the explanation of the (first and second hypotheses) The Explanation Of The First And Second Hypotheses

Let's remember The 1st Hypothesis This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83 The article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam – I suppose (The Sun Rays Is Created By The Gravitational Waves Motions Energies And Not By The Sun Nuclear Fusion -Also All Stars Rays Are Created By This Method And No Rays Is Created By The Nuclear Fusion Process) And –The 2nd Hypothesis The gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- and not by the gravitational field- moreover- The sun is Not producing any gravitational field- The two hypotheses explain how the sun rays creation depends on the planets motions because The Sun Rays Are Produced By The Gravitational Waves Motions Energies as the article states AND The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies- The two hypotheses are discussed together in 4 Points

First Point (The Gravitational Waves Source)

The gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- and not by the gravitational field- moreover- The sun is Not producing any gravitational field- I provide 2 major proves for this hypothesis which are- (1st proof/ Planet Motion Energy Analysis) and (2nd proof /The Sun Gravitational Field Refutation)

1st Proof / Planet Motion Energy Analysis Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2), Let's ask, where's Planet motion energy? the planet can NOT store its motion energy inside its body because it would raise its temperature and No planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- Planet motion energy creates waves in the space- the planet motion in the space is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- as the fish swimming creates waves in the water the planet motion energy creates waves in the space- let's see this picture clearly- the fish swims because it hits the water by its body and that creates waves in the water- we conclude, the water waves move by a velocity equal the fish velocity because of the reaction force- similar to that- Planet moves in the space and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by equal velocity (47.4 km/s)- based on this idea- All planets move and their motions energies create waves in the space where each wave moves by velocity equal its planet velocity – AND I suppose these waves are the gravitational waves AND The planets revolve around the sun in the same one direction and for that their motions energies create waves in the space and these waves move perpendicular on the revolution direction (Toward Pluto orbit) AND In Pluto orbit these waves are unified together into one unified wave- this wave moves by a velocity = 205.8 km/s why? The 9 planets velocities total=176 km/s but I add the Earth moon velocity (29.8 km/s) that makes the total to be 205.8 km/s – I add the moon velocity because the energy is stored finally in the moon orbit- Note- the moon velocity is 27.8 km/s BUT the Earth and the moon revolve around the sun together for that the moon velocity should be considered equal the earth velocity relative to (the sun) – The 1st Proof Conclusion The Planet Motion Energy Creates Waves In The Space Means - The Space Must Have Moving Waves Now -the scientists had discovered waves in the space- And- they considered these waves are produced by The Sun Gravitational Field – BUT Why? The planet motion energy analysis proves the waves must be produced by the planets motions energies- Now let's refute the sun gravitational field theory- the refutation gives support for the conclusion that – the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and NOT by the gravitational field because there's NO Gravitational field.

2nd Proof / The Refutation Of The Sun Gravitational Field The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field Nor Has Massive Gravity – let's prove that in following (1) The sun rotation period is (25.4 days– at equator) and (34.4 days – at pole) that shows the sun has no massive gravity nor even ordinary gravity equal any planet gravity otherwise the sun would rotate around its axis in one period of time- (2) No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity – Newton is wrong- because- the planet moves by the force caused its creation- means- the planet creation and motion is done by one force only- because- if two forces have effects on the same one planet this planet would be broken- now- suppose the planet is created (by any force) and the sun gravity attracted this planet and forced it to revolve around the sun by the sun mass massive gravity (as Newton imagined) that would force the planet to move against its inner creation and will cause this planet to be broken- this is similar to a human is forced to walk on his hands in place of his legs and when this human refuses to do that (they told him we can force you by our power) for that this human walk on his hands forcedly and later this human is dead by this motion- shortly- the planet is NOT broken by its motion because the planet creation force is the force causes this planet motion- it's one force caused the planet creation and motion- Newton mistake is that he didn't know how the planet is created and by that he didn't realize that planet creation and motion are done together by the same one source- simply- the sun didn't cause to create any planet and for that the sun doesn't cause any planet to move- this analysis shows logical base but left us with puzzles to know (by what rule the planet moves?) and (Why is the sun found in the solar system if it doesn't cause the planets motions?) these questions are answered in the paper abstract and discussions. (3) The mass gravity force can NOT cause any motion- again Newton is wrong- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses- (the Earth and the moon are bond by the mass gravity)- by that they are similar to a lorry and its trailer – if the lorry moves the trailer will move with the lorry- but the mass gravity can NOT cause any motion- why? suppose the moon moves by the Erath gravity force- the moon moves and produces energy (1/2mv^2) and we have to ask from what source this energy will be provided?- from the mass itself- means if the Earth causes the moon to move the Earth and the moon masses should be decreased by the motion energy- this is a wrong definition for the mass gravity- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses (The Earth and the moon) if some outer force causes the Earth to move the moon will move with the Earth and in this case the outer force will provide the motion energy for the Earth and the moon- (4) The planets order contradicts Newton gravitation equation- where- the gravitation equation tells (greater mass necessitates shorter distance)- clearly- Jupiter the greatest mass is not the most near planet to the sun- means- the planets order contradicts the equation- when we asked the physicist told us this problem is done by (the initial conditions)- all these are nonsense clearly- planet orbital distance does NOT depend on the sun mass nor on the planet mass- planet orbital distance depends on the neighbor planet orbital distance – my equation proves this fact- let's see it Planet orbital distance equation (my 1st equation) d^2= 4do (d-do) where d= planet orbital distance and do= its neighbor distance

Example- Venus orbital distance (108.2)2 = 4 x 57.9 x (50.3) d= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance d0= 57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance 50.3million km=The Distance Between Venus And Mercury Venus Depends On Mercury

All planets orbital distances are defined based on their previous neighbor planets orbital distances- the equation is correct perfectly and all planets orbital distances are defined by it- my paper tests and discusses this equation Shortly- planet mass has no any effect on this planet orbital distance definition. Notice Planet orbital distance definition depends on its neighbor orbital distance this fact is proved by many other different methods my equation is one method only of them, all these methods don't use any planet mass- all planets orbits are defined based on their neighbor orbits- (Please note- Newton gravitation equation is wrong- I don't critic it by many critics to short the discussion- but- the fact is that- the light beam created all planets orbits before any planet creation- the light created each planet orbit depends on its neighbor orbit- I prove this fact in the paper discussion- logically this fact kills the gravitation equation because the orbit is created before the planet creation) Notice -Newton is so far from the truth- let's give one more example- Newton told us planet moves by the sun mass gravity- the fact is that- the Sun itself is created by the planets motions energies- that's why Newton ideas are not interesting for discussion because his ideas are imaginary have no part of truth- (5) Also-Newton told-planet motion depends on its mass- means-planet velocity depends on its mass- this also is imaginary idea- I define planet velocity in the explanation of the 3rd hypothesis- planet velocity is defined by many rules all of them don't use any planet mass- at all Planet mass has no rule in this planet velocity definition.

The 2nd Proof Conclusion The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies And Not By The Sun Gravitational Field- Also-There's No Gravitational Field At All

Second Point (The Gravitational Waves Nature Analysis) Let's ask (1) If The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies- How Can The Gravitational Waves Move By Speed Of Light While The Planets Move By Low Velocities? Or Generally– regardless the gravitational waves source- how can the gravitational waves move by speed of light? From where the energy is provided to enable the waves to move by the speed of light? (2) Can the gravitational waves be reflected in the solar system? what's the result of this reflection on the waves properties, features and nature? (3) Can the gravitational waves energy be increased? Means can one gravitational wave move by low velocity and this wave motion is accelerated to move by high velocity motion? again from what source the energy is provided and how the acceleration is done? (4) If the gravitational waves are produced by the same gravitational field (The physics book states "the gravitational waves are produced by the sun gravitational field") does that mean all gravitational waves move by equal velocities? can some waves move faster than the others? why and how? (5) If the planets data are reflected on each other – can we discover the geometrical reason behind this features? Planet velocity is example where the velocities are defined by the rule (v1v2= constant) this rule tells the velocities are reflected on one another- why the velocities are reflected on each other? what's the geometrical reason behind? suppose the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system, why this cause the planets data to be reflected on each other?

(6) If The Gravitational Waves Move By Speed Of Light- How Can These Waves Produce A Light Beam? Because the light beam production needs the value (C^2= squared speed of light) but the waves moves by speed of light only (C=300000 km/s) how the value (C^2) can be produced by the waves motions? (7) If the gravitational waves produce a light beam, does that mean the waves use electric field to produce this light beam? Is there another method to produce a light beam doesn't use electric field or charges? (8) If the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system can we discover that? can we prove that? and can we know in what planet orbit the reflection is done and if the waves are reflected many times?

The Gravitational Waves Properties, Features and nature Here I compare between the two theories about the gravitational waves source and their effects on the waves properties- 1st Theory (The Physics Book Theory) The physics book states, the gravitational waves are produced by the sun gravitational field- this theory tells little about the gravitational waves properties and nature because the mass gravity concept is puzzled and not understood for that the waves properties and features are puzzled also- let's test this idea- In The Sun gravitational field theory no one knows how the mass gravity force works and if the gravity needs time to work- or if the gravity creates a geometrical design to practice the effect of one mass on the other- the mechanism is not clear and for that the gravitational waves are not clear- for example – no one knows why the gravitational waves can move by speed of light or what waves move by this speed and in what planet orbit or if the wave motion velocity is accelerated gradually from low velocity to high velocity– we shortly know nothing about these gravitational waves- let's ask more questions- are these waves reflected and what's the result of this reflection on the waves properties and nature- where do these waves go? And what's the useful result of these waves energy? can these waves energy be used at all? are there just moving energy in space without an useful goal or result? And The new article tells the gravitational waves move by speed of light can produce a light beam? How these waves can produce a light beam by their motion? DEEP ANALYSIS I wish the respectful reader notices the major change in vision by this article-because- the physics book states the sun rays is produced by the sun nuclear fusion- here- the source of energy is the sun mass and the used method is the sun nuclear fusion- and the light beam is produced Let's put the new article here again This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83 The article tells, the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- the light beam is created by the gravitational waves motions- the article tells- the light beam can be produced by the Motion Energy – The article tells (The High Velocity Motion Can Produce A Light Beam)- here the article removed simply The Sun Nuclear Fusion Machine- the whole machine be useless because the light beam can be produced by (the motion energy)- I wish the respectful reader sees the miracle and wonder behind- There are 2 major changes (1st Change) The source of energy The source of energy is the motion energy– No longer the sun mass be used as the sun rays source of energy- BUT – the motion energy is used as the source of energy – here- the fatal error of the sun nuclear fusion theory is seen clearly – because- the solar system is so rich in motion energy- the moving planets since thousands of years provide massive motion energy stored in the space- and by that- the solar system is very rich system in the motion energy- and we should ask (why do we need an outer source of energy?) why the solar system doesn't use its massive motion energy to produce the light beam? Also if the massive motion energy is not used- where's this massive energy? because it can cause continuous risk for the soalr system stability if no way to use this stored massive energy The sun nuclear fusion theory is completely wrong because it doesn't see the massive motion energy stored in the solar system (2nd Change) the light beam production machine The gravitational waves motions can produce the light beam- this is stated by the article but how? by what method the gravitational waves can produce the light beam? The article doesn't explain how the gravitational waves can produce a light beam? But I put an explanation for this method in my theory discussion

2nd Theory (My Theory) I suppose the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- let's remember my theory because we will use it in the waves properties discussion I asked –where any moving body produce energy by its motion =(1/2 mv^2), where's Planet motion energy? The planet can NOT store its motion energy inside its body because it would raise its temperature and No planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- Planet motion energy creates waves in the space- the planet motion in the space is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- as fish swimming creates waves in the water planet motion energy creates waves in the space- means planet moves and creates waves in space and these waves move by velocity equal this planet velocity by that- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves in the space and creates waves move by equal velocity (47.4 km/s)- based on this idea- All planets move and their motions create waves move by these planets velocities – AND I suppose these waves are the gravitational waves AND The planets revolve around the sun in the same one direction and for that their motions energies create waves in the space and these waves move perpendicular on the revolution direction (Toward Pluto orbit) AND In Pluto orbit these waves are unified together into one unified wave- this wave moves by a velocity = 205.8 km/s = the planets velocities total

I explained this theory before in more details- now – let's discover the gravitational waves properties and features in details- let's put this analysis in the next point (third point) because we need to analyze the wave reflection process to discover the waves properties and features

Third Point (The Gravitational Waves Reflection)

Let's ask Question No.(1) If the gravitational waves move by velocity 205.8 km/s, how can they move by speed of light? How the velocity 205.8 km/s can be accelerated to be 300000 km/s (speed of light) and where this acceleration is done? Another question can help greatly this discussion Question No.(2) If The Gravitational Waves Move By Speed Of Light (C=300000 Km/S)- How Can These Waves Produce A Light Beam? Let's think how to answer this question- these gravitational waves move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) but the light beam production needs the value (C^2= squared speed of light)- means- the wave velocity is squared- and how can the wave velocity to be squared? This feature I have discovered in the solar system- the waves are reflected and the reflection causes to square the velocities- means- the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system- the gravitational waves before the reflection moved by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and the reflection causes the velocity to be squared- by that- after the reflection the gravitational waves speed is squared and changed from the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) to be (C^2= squared speed of light) and the light beam is created from this value (C^2) Means- the waves reflection is the method by which the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) is changed into (C^2)- that means- without the waves reflection NO light beam can be created. Notice– the waves reflection is proved strongly in the solar system because it causes to reflect the planets data- means- huge amount of planets data proves the waves reflection–we may remember one example – planet velocity is defined by the rule (v1v2=constant) this rule proves the planets velocities are reflected on each other The paper provides hundreds of similar data proves the waves reflection AND The waves reflection causes to square the velocity- this feature is repeated in the solar system frequently – because- the waves are reflected three times in the solar system for that the velocity squaring is a feature repeated with each reflection and by that the planets data provides a strong proof for it- Shortly- The waves reflection causes to square the velocities- now- let's use this feature to know how the unified wave its velocity (205.8 km/s) can move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)- (Please note this unified wave is the gravitational wave)

The Gravitational Waves Move By Speed Of Light The unified wave (the gravitational wave) moves by 205.8 km/s and it's reflected, the waves reflection causes to square the velocities (205.8 km/s)^2 = 42683 km/s Means the unified wave after the reflection moves by a velocity 42683 km/s BUT If a particle moves by speed (=0.99 C=297000 km/s), this high velocity motion causes to create relativistic effects specially Lorentz length contraction effect with rate 7.1 Means- the distances should be contracted by the rate 7.1 BUT The waves reflection causes to reflect the geometrical effects and by that the rate (7.1) will cause to increase the length in place of the length contraction- means- the distances will be increased with (7.1) as a result for Lorentz length contraction effect The velocity 42683 km/s will be 42683 x 7.1 = 300000 km/s (Speed Of Light) That explains how the gravitational waves move by (205.8 k/s) can move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) NOTICE No. (1) Please note the important observation Without 7.1 the velocity will be only 42683 km/s (even after the waves reflection) and NOT the speed of light That tells- the light beam production process depends on the previous light beam production process- means- a motion by (99%) of speed of light should be found before the wave reflection occurrence and without this motion with (0.99 C) the gravitational waves can't move by speed of light because we need a source for Lorentz length contraction effect with rate (7.1) That tells the light production process is done in chain process, the new light beam production depends on the old light beam and if this dependency is removed the gravitational waves can NOT move by the speed of light and No light beam can be created in this case NOTICE No. (2) We need to pay more attention for the importance of the motion by the speed of light- because the technique of the machine depends on the waves reflection- means- the waves can increase its velocity only by the reflection process – now the reflection causes to square the velocities- this is very important news why?? Because - If the waves move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s), the waves reflection will produce the value (C^2= squared speed of light) and from this value the light beam can be produced Now – suppose the wave velocity is less than speed of light- suppose the wave moves by speed = (90%) of the speed of light= (270000 km/s) - the waves reflection will square this speed that will produce (0.81 C^2) which is NOT (C^2= squared speed of light) and as a result No Light Beam Can Be Produced (CONT) please read Can The Physics Science Concept Contradict The Nature System? https://gerges2022.livejournal.com/239455.html Gerges Francis Tawdrous +201022532292 Physics Department- Physics & Mathematics Faculty Peoples' Friendship university of Russia – Moscow

E-mail [email protected] [email protected] ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-7147 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/gergis.tawadrous VK https://vk.com/id696655587 Tumblr https://www.tumblr.com/blog/itsgerges Livejournal https://gerges2022.livejournal.com/profile Pocket https://getpocket.com/@646g8dZ0p3aX5Ad1bsTr4d9THjA5p6a5b2fX99zd54g221E4bs76eBdtf6aJw5d0?src=navbar box https://app.box.com/s/47fwd0gshir636xt0i3wpso8lvvl8vnv Academia https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous publications http://vixra.org/author/gerges_francis_tawdrous Slideshare https://www.slideshare.net/Gergesfrancis

#graphic design #philosophy #philosophy of science #epistemology #history of philosophy #history of science #history of physics #history of mathematics #astronomy #book #cover #book cover #ludovico geymonat #galileo galilei #bruno munari #piccola biblioteca einaudi #einaudi #1950s #1990s

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schizografia · 3 years ago

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La Resistenza è stata sconfitta poiché le è stato impedito (o lei stessa non vi è riuscita) di modificare le strutture di fondo della nostra società e dello stato italiano. Il fascismo invece, in ultima analisi è risultato vincitore. Certamente il fascismo di facciata è crollato, ma il fascismo vero, quello che si è radicato nelle strutture dello stato, in una certa mentalità per la gestione del potere, quello che ha creato le proprie gerarchie burocratiche e il proprio apparato di potere, ebbene questo fascismo è uscito pressoché indenne dalla bufera della Resistenza e ha mantenuto intatto il suo potere all’interno dello stato, delle forze di polizia, delle questure, delle carceri e della magistratura. Questo fascismo più profondo e più pericoloso ha guidato e controllato ancora una volta lo sviluppo post-bellico della nazione.

LudovicoGeymonat

#ludovico geymonat #michel foucault

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gregor-samsung · 5 years ago

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Il 20 giugno [1633] Galileo fu nuovamente invitato a presentarsi al Sant'Uffizio, per l'interrogatorio « sopra l'intenzione ». Vi si recò il 21, e venne subito sottoposto a rigoroso esame circa i suoi convincimenti nei riguardi della dottrina copernicana. Il rigoroso esame contemplava anche la tortura, per obbligare il reo a confessare tutta la verità; non risulta provato, comunque, che il rigore contro l'illustre vecchio si sia spinto fino a questo limite. Come risulta dal verbale, sottoscritto dal medesimo Galileo, le sue risposte furono tutte decisamente negative: « Io non tengo né ho tenuto questa opinione del Copernico, dopo che mi fu intimato con precetto che io dovessi lasciarla; del resto, son qua nelle loro mani, faccino quello che gli piace ».

Ludovico Geymonat, Galileo Galilei, Einaudi (collana Piccola Biblioteca Scientifica, n.78), 1957¹; p. 280.

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mayolfederico · 5 years ago

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undici maggio

Filippo De Pisis, Natura morta marina con scampi, 1926

Separazione

Ti separerai dagli alberi di magnolia e dal giubilo degli uccelli

dalla tua casa e dalle mani che la rendono abitabile

dall’abitudine ostinata di aprire gli occhi e chiuderli quando il sogno ti chiama

dalla parola che ti ha creato

Ti separerai dalla tua ombra che per tutta la vita ti ha inseguita nella luce

La terra…

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#Alexandre Kojève #Barone di Münchhausen #Camilo José Cela #Carla Bley #Filippo de Pisis #Francisco Umbral #Giustiniano I #Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux #Ludovico Geymonat #Richard Feynman #Rose Ausländer #Rubem Fonseca #Salvador Dalí #Salvatore Sciascia #Salvatore Toma #Stanley Elkin

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gdbot · 6 years ago

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Ludovico Geymonat, (1971), La tecnica nel Quattrocento. Leonardo... http://bit.ly/2LdG8dJ

#gdbot #garadinervi

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cutulisci · 6 years ago

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Soltanto nell’amore e nella morte non si può fingere. Chi nell’amore cerca di fingere, può illudersi di amare, ma non ama. Chi sta morendo non finge più, perché “ciò che diranno gli altri” ormai non lo interessa… L’amore e la morte hanno dunque, davvero, qualcosa in comune, come ritennero molti poeti. Hanno in comune quello stato d’animo di “ebbrezza”, per cui l’individuo rinuncia totalmente a voler “apparire ciò che non è”; per cui comprende l’inutilità di persistere nella finzione, la vanità di ogni giudizio che non sia fondato sulla pura realtà.

Ludovico Geymonat

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giancarlonicoli · 4 years ago

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15 giu 2020 20:39

IL CORONAVIRUS SI È PORTATO VIA ANCHE GIULIO GIORELLO – IL FILOSOFO AVEVA 75 ANNI E SI ERA SPOSATO APPENA TRE GIORNI FA CON LA COMPAGNA ROBERTA PELACHIN – ERA CAPACE DI MESCOLARE ALL’INTERESSE RIGOROSO PER LE DISCIPLINE “ALTE” LA CURIOSITÀ PER LA CULTURA POPOLARE – LA RECENSIONE BY FELTRI DEL SUO LIBRO SULL'IRONIA

“NON C’È NULLA DI PIU SERIO DELL’IRONIA” - VITTORIO FELTRI LODA IL LIBRO DI GIULIO GIORELLO, “LA DANZA DELLA PAROLA, L’IRONIA COME ARMA CIVILE PER COMBATTERE SCHEMI E DOGMATISMI ”: “DÀ PREGNANZA FILOSOFICA A UNA VERITÀ ESISTENZIALE SENZA CUI PERFINO LA MORTE SAREBBE UN MORTORIO”

https://www.dagospia.com/rubrica-2/media_e_tv/ldquo-non-rsquo-nulla-piu-nbsp-serio-dell-rsquo-ironia-rdquo-219588.htm

È MORTO GIULIO GIORELLO

Da www.repubblica.it

E' scomparso a Milano, per le conseguenze del coronavirus che aveva contratto nei mesi scorsi, il filosofo Giulio Giorello. Aveva 75 anni e tre giorni fa aveva sposato la compagna, Roberta Pelachin. Allievo del marxista Ludovico Geymonat, è stato il suo successore nella cattedra di Filosofia della Scienza all'Università Statale milanese.

Ex presidente della Società italiana di logica e filosofia della scienza, responsabile per l’editore Cortina della collana Scienza e Idee, laureato in Filosofia prima e poi in Matematica, aveva fatto del superamento della barriera tra discipline umanistiche e scientifiche il tratto saliente della sua personalità accademica, con un curriculum di insegnamenti variegato e unico: dapprima Meccanica Razionale presso la Facoltà di Ingegneria dell'Università degli studi di Pavia, seguita dalla Facoltà di Scienze presso l'Università di Catania, fino a quella di Scienze naturali presso l'università dell'Insubria e al Politecnico di Milano.

Interessato alle neuroscienze, alla psicologia evolutiva, alla bioetica ma anche alla mitologia e all’antropologia, era però capace di mescolare all’interesse rigoroso per le discipline “alte” la curiosità per la cultura popolare, dalla musica ai fumetti, in particolare il mondo Disney a cui aveva dedicato qualche anno fa il suo Filosofia di Topolino (Guanda). Attraverso il suo sguardo divertito e colto, Mickey Mouse si tramutava, attraverso le sue molteplici avventure nel corso di un Novecento imprevedibile, tragico e farsesco, in un filosofo involontario.

Lontano da ogni ortodossia, amante e studioso di figure filosofiche “eretiche” come Baruch Spinoza, aveva espresso la sua visione e il suo credo nel massimo rispetto per le libertà individuali in Di nessuna chiesa, rifiutando la contrapposizione tra laici e credenti e mettendo in guardia contro il dogmatismo che può viziare anche una visione laica.

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theradicantattitude · 5 years ago

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En-tse Chang, Conoscenza e verità secondo la teoria del riflesso, with a text by Ludovico Geymonat, Translation by Mario Quaranta e Paolo Lutteri, «L’unità del sapere» 10, Lavoro Liberato, Milano, 1978. Cover Design: Enzo Mari

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alentini · 5 years ago

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Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo (Galileo Galilei) . "Quest'opera difende insieme i diritti della scienza e della cultura, esige libertà per lo scienziato e per l'uomo di cultura e affronta, oltre a questioni scientifiche, anche problemi di ordine cosmologico e filosofico, portando ovunque il senso nuovo della scienza moderna, il nuovo concetto dell'uomo e la forma nuova nella quale deve delinearsi il rapporto tra l'uomo e la natura." Con tali parole Ludovico Geymonat presentava questo dialogo, scritto da Galileo nel 1632 per confutare il sistema tolemaico e sostenere, invece, la validità e l'esattezza delle tesi di Copernico. . . . . . #libri #books #bookstagram #book #reading #bookworm #read #booklover #bookish #bibliophile #booknerd #instabook #reader #bookaddict #library #bookaholic #instagood #education #bookstagrammer #teacher #school #libros #booklove #booksofinstagram #bookshelf #scienza #science https://www.instagram.com/p/B8esWAFIE6r/?igshid=bzah3ctm7ag8

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jgmail · 5 years ago

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Política y filosofía: el marxismo regresa a Kant

Presentamos aquí este texto con carácter informativo, siguiendo los principios de la teología política podemos argumentar que toda discusión metafísica esconde una lucha política. No es casualidad que el retorno a Kant significará el abandono de Hegel. Kant, el defensor de la socialdemocracia, contra Hegel, el origen de la revolución socialista. Cuando cayó el cemento hegeliana y marxista de la URSS se pasó a la democracia liberal occidental que barrio con los Estados comunistas orientales.

CARLOS GURMÉNDEZ

7 JUL 1981

El reciente Congreso de Filosofía en Stuttgart y el excelente libro de Virgillo Zapatero Socialismo y ética han demostrado, con luminosa evidencia, las estrechas relaciones entre la política y la filosofía. Detrás de una concepción filosófica, por más abstracta que sea, siempre asoma una política y toda política seria, rigurosa, esconde una filosofía. Este es el Kampfplatz, de que hablaba Kant, o lugar de combate de las ideologías.En el debate del Congreso de Stuttgart se discutió sobre aproximaciones y oposiciones entre Kant y Hegel, lo que implicó evocar las complejas relaciones políticas de los partidos socialistas y comunistas. En una entrevista reciente, en Le Monde, Mitterrand subrayó las diferencias básicas insalvables que separan al marxismo-leninismo del socialismo humanista. Esta divergencia se fue creando paulatinamente cuando la socialdemocracia alemana clamó por la vuelta a Kant. Así, para Eduard Bernstein, el socialismo no es más que un ideal ético, mientras Karl Kautsky se esforzó en concebirlo como un proceso de evolución natural, un darwinismo científico, inspirado en las leyes económicas de El capital de Marx. Los teóricos de la Escuela de Marburgo, Cohen y Natorp, instaron a completar el marxismo puramente economicista con Kant, considerando al socialismo como un fenómeno moral, la realización del imperativo categórico. También la Escuela de Baden, con Rickert y Windelband, influyó en el neokantismo creciente del socialismo alemán. Pero fue la Escuela austro-marxista de Adler y Vorländer, con su libro Kant y Marx, la que operó la conjunción definitiva de ambas filosofías.

Para combatir el neokantismo o socialismo ético de los socialistas alemanes, Lenin propugnó una vuelta a Hegel. En su Cuadernos filosóficos realizó la lectura dialéctica subjetiva de Hegel, como base de su política voluntarista y revolucionaria. Así, pues, los socialistas eran kantianos y los comunistas hegelianos. Esta línea divisoria aparecía clara a principios del siglo XX, pero más tarde las disputas teóricas sobre el problema Kant-Hegel se hacen más complejas y las líneas ideológicas se entrecruzaron. En Italia Croce y en Holanda Bolland idealizaron a Hegel y, después de la segunda guerra mundial, Jean Hippolyte y Whal formularon una interpretación existencialista de Hegel. Casi al mismo tiempo Lukas y Kojeve veían en Hegel un marxista humanista, como si éste fuese no sólo el predecesor de Marx sino, también, su continuador. También de la Escuela de Frankfurt, sobre todo Adorno y Marcuse, se sintieron hegelianos de los pies a la cabeza. Y ahora Eugenio Trias, en su magnífica obra El lenguaje del perdón,nos descubre un Hegel de carne y hueso, conflictivo, dramático, con una humanidad concreta y una solución política: la conciliación de los odios, el perdón de las faltas, el amor total.

No sin cierta resistencia, la interpretación leninista de Hegel se impuso en todos los partidos comunistas: «La Dialéctica es el álgebra de la revolución» (Herzen), «el alma motriz de todo despliegue científico del pensar» (Hegel), y Kant penetró hasta el fondo en el alma del socialismo europeo. ¿Cómo se explica que, en el Congreso de Stultgart, algunos filósofos marxistas, soviéticos y alemanes, se hayan proclamado más afines a Kant que a Hegel? Esta aproximación del marxismo llamado ortodoxo a Kant tiene su raíz en la interpretación materialista científica del pensamiento de Engels y de Lenin. Así, Louis Althusser, en su obra Lénine et la philosophie, afirma que la filosofía ha cumplido su misión y que debe ceder su plaza a la ciencia, pues su sola tarea es «presentar un sistema orgánico unitario de las ciencias». En este sentido, Ricoeur descubrió que Levi Strauss, al estudiar las leyes del pensamiento e invocar a Engels, en realidad volvía a Kant, es decir, a una lógica del conocimiento científico. Igualmente el epistemólogo italiano Ludovico Geymonat, en su obra Storia del pensiero filosofico e scientifico, explica cómo la misión de la filosofía es unificar e interpretar los resultados de la ciencia experimental. Así, pues, es comprensible la vuelta del marxismo a Kant, el cual exigía que toda idea debe someterse a la prueba de la experiencia, a una verificación en la realidad empírica, a su comprobación definitiva. Esto es lo que García Bacca, nuestro gran filósofo, llama la operación dialéctica de experimentar, de llevar a la práctica una idea, un proyecto o una ocurrencia para poder crear y producir.

No debe sorprendernos que en el Congreso de Stuttgart haya vencido casi totalmente Kant, pese a que Habermas rehusase aceptar que la filosofía sea, como quería Kant, una mera tejedora o coordinadora de las ciencias particulares. Esta invitación a que la filosofía se convierta en positiva, práctica, operativa, confirma que toda filosofía es política y toda política es filosófica. ¿La vuelta a Kant logrará la reconciliación de los partidos socialistas y comunistas?

Esta es una respuesta que deben dar los políticos serios, reflexivos

#immanuel kant #georg wilhelm friedrich hegel #socialdemocracia #comunismo #ideología #europa #filosofía

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ruemondo · 6 years ago

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repost

Il classico di Ludovico Geymonat

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itsgerges · 6 days ago

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Best Regards

The Sun Can NOT Be Created Before The Planets Creation

Paper Major hypothesis

The Sun Is NOT Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays- Instead - The Planets Motions Energies Total Is Used To Produce The Sun Rays- That's Why The Sun Can Not Be Created Before The Planets Creation And Motion

In Fact- The Sun Is A Phenomenon created by the planets motions- means- The Planets were created and moving in their orbits before the sun creation- the planets were revolving around a point in space for a long period of time before the sun creation and the sun is created and put on this point around which the planets revolve-

This fact shows the great gap between the solar system facts and the physics book-

BUT- Can This Theory Be A Fact? let's see how this can be possible

(i)

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsnHYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"&HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"&HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"ei=83

This new article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- I claim the sun rays are produced based on this method by the gravitational waves motions and not by the sun nuclear fusion process- also –No star rays is produced by the nuclear fusion process but all rays are created by the gravitational waves motions energies as the article states-

Here we see the article produces a light beam by different source of energy (the gravitational waves motions energy) in place of the sun mass which is used by the nuclear fusion process to produce the sun rays- here – the source of energy is the motion energy of the gravitational waves

The importance here is that- the solar system is rich in the motion energy and by that the sun mass as a source of energy is not required

(ii)

I claim

The gravitational waves are created by the planets motions energies and not by the gravitational field-let's see if this can be possible

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2), where's Planet motion energy? the planet can NOT store its motion energy inside its body because it would raise its temperature and No planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- Planet motion energy creates waves in the space- Planet motion in the space is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- as the fish swimming creates waves in the water the planet motion energy creates waves in the space- let's see this picture clearly- the fish swims because it hits the water by its body and that creates waves in the water- we conclude, the water waves move by a velocity equal the fish velocity because of the reaction force- similar to that- Planet moves in the space and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by equal velocity (47.4 km/s)- based on this idea- All planets move and their motions energies create waves in the space where each wave moves by velocity equal its planet velocity

AND

The planets revolve around the sun in the same one direction and for that their motions energies create waves in the space and these waves move perpendicular on the revolution direction (Toward Pluto orbit)

AND

In Pluto orbit these waves are unified together into one unified wave- this wave moves by a velocity = 205.8 km/s why? The 9 planets velocities total=176 km/s but I add the Earth moon velocity (29.8 km/s) that makes the total to be 205.8 km/s – I add the moon velocity because the energy is stored finally in the moon orbit-

Note- The moon and the Earth revolve around the sun together for that the moon velocity is considered equal the Earth velocity relative to (the sun) –

Shortly

The planets motions energies are unified into unified wave revolve around the sun and moves by velocity (205.8 km/s) and this is the gravitational waves

The question is that

The scientists discovered waves in the space and they told these waves are produced by the gravitational field but why?? because planet motion energy analysis proves the motion energy must be stored in the space as moving waves- so the discovered waves are created by the planets motions energies and not by any gravitational field – also I prove the sun doesn't produce a gravitational field which proves my theory tells the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies

(iii)

The previous analysis shows the sun rays are created from the gravitational waves motions and the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- that explains how the sun can be a phenomenon created by the planets motions energies

(iv)

The major hypothesis elementary proves

The Sun corona temperature is 5 million Kelvin but the sun surface is 5800 Kelvin because the energy is NOT produced by the sun body but out of the sun body- the energy is coming from the planets motions energies- that's why the energy out of the sun is greater the energy inside the sun

Planet velocity analysis proves that the sun is created after all planet creation and motion where no any planet can be created or added to the solar group after the sun creation- this fact is proved by planet velocity analysis discussed by the paper.

The sun velocity 2 km/s (the sun circumference 4.37 million km/ the sun rotation period 25.4 days) this velocity proves the sun is the stationary point in the solar system which is required to create the sun rays –

The sun diameter = Jupiter circumference x π and also

(the sun mass /Jupiter mass)= π x (Jupiter mass/ the Earth Mass) (error 5%) because Jupiter defines The sun creation data with the inner planets

The total solar eclipse geometrical design is found by Jupiter- because Jupiter uses the total solar eclipse to define the sun position in the sky after the sun creation- the total solar eclipse data shows Jupiter creates the whole design

The paper discuses these proves and many others in details

The Major hypothesis Explanation

The major hypothesis depends on 4 hypothesis which are

1st hypothesis

The gravitational waves are produced by the planet motion energy and Not by the gravitational field- Moreover- the sun doesn't produce a gravitational field -Shortly- the planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2) and this energy is stored in the space as moving waves – these are the gravitational waves- also the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system and the wave reflection causes to square the wave velocity

2nd hypothesis

As discussed before

The Sun Is Not Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays– Because

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

3rd hypothesis

The planets Motions use different rates of time – the rate of time depends on the velocities rate – example- Mercury velocity = 1.6 the Earth velocity because of that (One Second Of Mercury Clock = 1.6 Seconds Of The Earth Clock)

4th hypothesis

Neptune motion caused to create relativistic effects in the solar system because

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

the new article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light-

and the gravitational waves move by speed of light but Neptune caused to decrease the wave speed by 1% and by that the speed be equal 99% of speed of light (=297000 km/s) which caused to created relativistic effects in the solar system- also- Neptune caused to create two wave reflections in the outer planets which one reflection only was enough- means- if Neptune is removed from the solar system the wave reflections in the outer planets will be one reflection only and not two reflections

NOTICE

In following I provide the explanations and proves for the four hypothesis- BUT- Before – I have to provide refutations for 15 theories in the modern physics book-

I want to say-

NOT only – The sun nuclear fusion theory is wrong –BUT – also there are 15 other theories are wrong in the modern physics book-I put them in the preface before the four hypotheses explanation

The Paper 4 Branch Hypotheses Proves Discussion

Preface– Refutations Of 15 Physics Theories

I provide refutations for 15 theories in the modern physics book which are

The Physicist Vision Contradicts The Nature System

The physicist supposes Planet moves and doesn't produce motion energy

Einstein is wrong (Space Has Mechanical Features)

Einstein is wrong (The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field)

Newton Is Wrong (No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity)

Newton Is Wrong (Mass Gravity Can NOT Cause Any Motion)

The physics book is wrong (The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies)

The Sun Is Not Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays

The Big Bang Theory is Wrong (No Random Creation)

Newton is wrong (Planet Motion Does Not Depend On Its Mass)

Einstein is wrong (The original speed of light is 1.16 million km per second)

Giant- Impact Hypothesis is wrong (Mars Caused The Moon Creation)

Tidal Locking Theory Is Wrong

Lorentz Transformation Are Correct

Newton Is wrong (The gravitation equation is wrong)

First Critic The Physicist Vision Contradicts The Nature System

I study the solar system Geometry since long years- and- I have found the physicist and astronomer can't understand the solar system designer vision– in fact their vision contradict the Nature designer vision- let's prove that in following

The Physicist Vision

The physicist supposes that there's (a unit of building)- by that- the physicist sees the mass (for example) as wall and this wall is consisted of bricks (small similar units) and for that the physicist searched for this (unit) because it's the (unit) by which the wall is building (the mass is building)– this is the physicist thinking direction- he believed there's a small unit by which the great building is built

For that the physicist searched and found the particle and then the particle is divided into Molecules then the Molecule is divided into atoms and the atom is divided into nucleus and electron moves around and the nucleus is divided into proton and Neutron- and the proton is divided into quarks …etc

The physicist searches for the building unit- the unit by which the building is built – or the unit by which the mass is built – for that the physicist divides (any thing) to see its contents till reach to the unit which can be used as the building unit.

The Nature System Vision

The Nature designer aims to create integration- as the marriage – male and female- the relationship will cause to give birth for a child

INTEGRATION this is the word inside the designer Mind

No building unit- the marriage answers- because in marriage both (male and female) are required and no one of them better than the other – both work together and give equal effects on the same one process and give together one result- I explain the idea by the marriage because it's easy to understand- I want to put the word (Integration) as the basic concept in the designer mind.

AND

I want to explain how the physicist causes fatal error for the research method

While the physicist divides the elements one after one (from matter to particle to molecule to atom to proton to quarks …etc) this division from out into inner till reach to very small unit which he considered the building unit – that causes to destroy the geometrical design of the integration process

Let's return to the marriage- the marriage requires two players (male and female)- they have different bodies and the process give birth for children- Suppose we remove one player what would happen? (where can we find a woman pregnant by herself?)

I want to say- the division from (matter to particle to molecule to atom to proton to quarks …etc) destroys the general geometrical design which uses the integration process- let's give other examples

Example No. (1)

Einstein told us (He can't find slightest meaning for the word SPACE) by that he can't define (what's the space) and also he found the space has no mechanical features because no definition causes these features – this is the physicist vision - Let's see the designer vision

Planet moves and its motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2) and where's the energy? the planet can't store its motion energy inside its body because this energy would raise the planet temperature and no planet temperature is raised by its motion- so- where's the planet motion energy? logically we suppose that- the energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- the planet moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space (as the fish swims in the sea and its motion creates waves in the sea water) similar to that the planet motion produces energy and this energy creates waves in the space- by that we can define the space and conclude the space nature and features- simply we conclude the space has mechanical features because the energy is stored in the space as moving waves- the gravitational waves prove the space has motion- why we can solve the question which Einstein couldn't solve? Because he supposed the planet is independent from the space- the integration concept is not known by him

Notice

The waves are produced by the planet motion energy are the gravitational waves, the paper first hypothesis proves these waves are produced by the planets motions energies and not by the gravitational field also the hypothesis proves the Sun doesn't produce a gravitational field.

More examples are provided after the hypotheses explanations

Second Critic The physicist supposes Planet moves and doesn't produce motion energy

Planet motion energy analysis can refute many basic theories in the physics book as we will see in this discussion- for that- the physicist supposed planet motion doesn't produce energy- while- the mechanics basic law tells us (Any moving body produces energy =1/2 mv^2)-but- the physicist never answered the question (where's Planet motion energy?)-because- planet motion energy analysis proves the space has mechanical features and proves Mass gravity can NOT cause any motion and also proves the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and not by the gravitational field (even if found)- also it proves the sun is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays-

Here I explain why the physicist never answer the question (where's planet motion energy?)- the following critic uses planet motion energy analysis to prove that the space has mechanical features

Third Critic Einstein is wrong (Space Has Mechanical Features)

Any moving body produces energy (1/2 mv^2) – for that-

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2) but where's this energy? the planet can't store its motion energy inside its body because this energy would raise the planet temperature and no planet temperature is raised by its motion- so- where's the planet motion energy? logically we suppose that- the energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- the planet moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space (as the fish swims in the sea and its motion creates waves in the sea water) similar to that the planet motion produces energy and this energy creates waves in the space- by that we can define the space and conclude the space nature and features- simply we conclude the space has mechanical features because the energy is stored in the space as moving waves- the gravitational waves prove the space has motion- by that- we are sure that the space has mechanical features

Notice – these waves are the gravitational waves

Fourth Critic Einstein is wrong (The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field)

The Refutation Of The Sun Gravitational Field

The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field Nor Has Massive Gravity – let's prove that in following

(i)

The sun rotation period is (25.4 days– at equator) and (34.4 days – at pole) that shows the sun has no massive gravity nor even ordinary gravity equal any planet gravity otherwise the sun would rotate around its axis in one period of time-

(ii)

No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity–Newton is wrong- because- the planet moves by the force caused its creation- means- the planet creation and motion is done by one force only- because- if two forces have effects on the same one planet this planet would be broken- now- suppose the planet is created (by any force) and the sun gravity attracted this planet and forced it to revolve around the sun by the sun mass massive gravity (as Newton imagined) that would force the planet to move against its inner structure and will cause this planet to be broken- this is similar to a human is forced to walk on his hands in place of his legs and when this human refuses to do that (they told him we can force you by our power) for that this human walk on his hands forcedly and later this human is dead by this motion- shortly- the planet is NOT broken by its motion because the planet creation force is the force causes this planet motion- it's one force caused the planet creation and motion-

Newton mistake is that he didn't know how the planet is created and by that he didn't realize that planet creation and motion are done together by the same one source- simply- the sun didn't cause to create any planet and for that the sun doesn't cause any planet to move- this analysis shows logical base but left us with puzzles to know (by what rule the planet moves?) and (Why is the sun found in the solar system if it doesn't cause the planets motions?) these questions are answered in the paper abstract and discussions.

(iii)

The mass gravity force can NOT cause any motion- again Newton is wrong- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses- (the Earth and the moon are bond by the mass gravity)- by that they are similar to a lorry and its trailer – if the lorry moves the trailer will move with the lorry- but the mass gravity can NOT cause any motion- why? suppose the moon moves by the Erath gravity force- the moon moves and produces energy (1/2mv^2) and we have to ask from what source this energy will be provided?- from the mass itself- means if the Earth causes the moon to move the Earth and the moon masses should be decreased by the motion energy- this is a wrong definition for the mass gravity- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses (The Earth and the moon) if some outer force causes the Earth to move the moon will move with the Earth and in this case the outer force will provide the motion energy for the Earth and the moon-

(iv)

The planets order contradicts Newton gravitation equation- where- the gravitation equation tells (greater mass necessitates shorter distance)- clearly- Jupiter the greatest mass is not the most near planet to the sun- means- the planets order contradicts the equation- when we asked the physicist told us this problem is done by (the initial conditions)- all these are nonsense clearly- planet orbital distance does NOT depend on the sun mass nor on the planet mass- planet orbital distance depends on the neighbor planet orbital distance – my equation proves this fact- let's see it

Planet orbital distance equation (my 1st equation)

d^2= 4do (d-do) where d= planet orbital distance and do= its neighbor distance

Example (1) Venus orbital distance (108.2)^2 = 4 x 57.9 x (50.3)

d= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance

d0= 57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance

50.3million km=The Distance Between Venus And Mercury Venus Depends On Mercury

Example (2) Saturn orbital distance (1433)^2= 4 x 778.6 x 655

d= 1433 million km = Saturn Orbital Distance

d0= 778.6 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance

655million km=The Distance Between Saturn And Jupiter Saturn Depends On Jupiter

Shortly- planet mass has no any effect on this planet orbital distance definition.

Notice

Planet orbital distance definition depends on its neighbor orbital distance this fact is proved by many other different methods my equation is one method only of them, all these methods don't use any planet mass- all planets orbits are defined based on their neighbor orbits- (Please note- Newton gravitation equation is wrong- I don't critic it by many critics to short the discussion- but- the fact is that- the light beam created all planets orbits before any planet creation- the light created each planet orbit depends on its neighbor orbit- I prove this fact in the paper discussion- logically this fact kills the gravitation equation because the orbit is created before the planet creation)

Notice -Newton is so far from the truth- let's give one more example- Newton told us planet moves by the sun mass gravity- the fact is that- the Sun itself is created by the planets motions energies- that's why Newton ideas are not interesting for discussion because his ideas are imaginary have no part of truth-

(v)

Also-Newton told-planet motion depends on its mass- means-planet velocity depends on its mass- this also is imaginary idea- I define planet velocity in the paper abstract- planet velocity is defined by many rules all of them don't use any planet mass- at all Planet mass has no rule in this planet velocity definition.

Fifth Critic Newton Is Wrong (No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity)

This critic is written in the previous one (Fourth Critic)

Sixth Critic Newton Is Wrong (Mass Gravity Can NOT Cause Any Motion)

Also this critic is written in the previous one (Fourth Critic)

Seventh Critic The physics book is wrong (The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies)

(1)

Planet Motion Energy Analysis - Let's remember planet motion energy analysis

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2), where's Planet motion energy? the planet can NOT store its motion energy inside its body because it would raise its temperature and No planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- Planet motion energy creates waves in the space- the planet motion in the space is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- as the fish swimming creates waves in the water the planet motion energy creates waves in the space- let's see this picture clearly- the fish swims because it hits the water by its body and that creates waves in the water- we conclude, the water waves move by a velocity equal the fish velocity because of the reaction force- similar to that- Planet moves in the space and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by equal velocity (47.4 km/s)- based on this idea- All planets move and their motions energies create waves in the space where each wave moves by velocity equal its planet velocity

(2)

These Waves Are The Gravitational Waves (My Hypothesis)

Means- the waves are produced by the planets motions energies- these waves are the gravitational waves- it's my paper hypothesis- the gravitational waves are not produced by the gravitational field (moreover the sun doesn't produce a gravitational field) instead the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies

AND

Note- The moon and the Earth revolve around the sun together for that the moon velocity is considered equal the Earth velocity relative to (the sun) –

The Conclusion

The Planet Motion Energy Creates Waves In The Space

Means - The Space Must Have Moving Waves -

Now -the scientists had discovered waves in the space- And- they considered these waves are produced by The Sun Gravitational Field – BUT Why?

The planet motion energy analysis proves the waves must be produced by the planets motions energies- and I have refuted the sun gravitational field theory- by that- the gravitational waves must be produced by the planets motions energies

(3)

These Waves Reflections Effect and Proves

The paper proves that, the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system three times and these reflections cause effects on the planets data and motion- the first branch hypothesis provides powerful proves for this fact which proves the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and not by any gravitational field (even if found)

Eighth Critic The Sun Is Not Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

This new article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- I claim the sun rays are produced based on this method by the gravitational waves motions and not by the sun nuclear fusion process- Means- the sun is not doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays- this is the paper main hypothesis – also I claim no star rays is created by any nuclear fusion process- but all stars rays are created by the gravitational waves motions as our sun

The paper all discussions and proves prove this hypothesis basically

Ninth Critic The Big Bang Theory is Wrong (Planet Diameter Is Created Based On A Mathematical Equation- No Random Creation)

The big bang theory tells- Planet is created by random process- and we asked (what does mean "By Random Process"?) the theory tells

Jupiter– for example- is created by random process-means- Jupiter diameter and mass are created with some unknown values for us- and during the history Jupiter is collided many times and these collisions changed Jupiter diameter and mass-

As a result the current value of Jupiter diameter (142984 km) is a value found by random because of the historical events

Based on these ideas- the planets diameters are found without any rule or geometrical reason- means

While we know all planets diameters correctly- the astronomer couldn't use these diameters to discover the geometrical rule behind these diameters creation- the theory told No geometrical rule or reason-simply–Just Random process- the theory is wrong-

In following I provide my planet diameter equation to prove planet diameter is created based on a mathematical equation and a geometrical reason

My Planet Diameter Equation (v1/v2)= (s/r)= I

v = Planet Velocity

r = Planet Diameter

I= Planet Orbital Inclination

s= Planet Rotation Periods Number In Its Orbital Period

v2, s, r and I are belonged to one planet and v1 is belonged to another planet

The planet (v1) is defined by test the minimum error

Earth Equation uses Neptune velocity

Mars Equation uses Pluto velocity

Jupiter Equation uses the Earth moon velocity

Saturn Equation uses Mars velocity

Uranus Equation uses Neptune velocity (As Earth)

Neptune Equation uses Saturn velocity

Pluto Equation uses the Earth moon velocity (As Jupiter)

Example Neptune Equation (89143 /49528) = 9.7/ 5.4 =1.8

89143 = Neptune rotation periods number in Neptune orbital period

49528 km = Neptune diameter

9.7 km/s = Saturn velocity and

5.4 km/s = Neptune velocity

1.8 degrees= Neptune Orbital Inclination

59800 days = Neptune orbital period (and Neptune rotation period =16.1 hours)

The Equation Concept (A Summary) Planet diameter should be a function in its orbital distance –otherwise- this planet would be broken by its motion- BUT- the designer can't create a function has only 2 variables (Planet diameter and its orbital distance)- because– If this planet changes its orbital distance its diameter would be broken also because the diameter is a direct function in the orbital distance without any other variables -As A Result- the designer created planet diameter as a function in this planet rotation period and the planet rotation period is created as a function in this planet velocity and the planet velocity is created as a function in this planet orbital distance- by that- the function between Planet diameter and its orbital distance is created but also it contains many variables (rotation period, orbital period and velocity)- by that- if the Planet changes its orbital distance- this planet orbital period, and velocity and rotation period would be changed but its diameter will be saved

NOTICE

The big bang theory is wrong in principle because it supposes the changes in the planet diameter (or mass) doesn't change this planet motion-

this is the main problem behind- and to see the picture more clear- let's give example

The physics book has theory explains the Earth motion- Now- the Earth diameter is 12756 km and we have to ask (if the Earth diameter be 18000 km) what are the changes in the Earth motion would be happened?

Generally- Nothing would be happened because the theory doesn't take into account the Earth diameter at all – means (whatsoever the Earth diameter be the theory will be the same) that explains the big bang wring ideas are not limited to the big bang theory but it extends in the physicist ideas and theories-

Tenth Critic Newton is wrong (Planet Motion Does Not Depend On Its Mass)

Planet velocity analysis shows planet velocity is defined by many rules No one of them is related to this planet mass- at all Planet mass is not mentioned in this planet velocity definition proves the mass has no any role in Planet velocity definition– please read Planet velocity definition in point no. (**)

Eleventh Critic Einstein is wrong (The Original Speed Of Light Is 1.16 Million Km Per Second)

The solar system is created from one light beam energy- means- the solar planets matters and their distances are created from one energy and this one energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed = 1.16 million km per second

The light (its speed 1.16 million km per second) built the solar system starting from Mercury orbit toward Pluto orbit- the light created the planets orbits before any planet creation- means- all orbits are created before any planet creation- the orbits are created based on each another (this fact is proved by my equation for planet orbital distance) after the light created all orbits and reach to Pluto orbit- the light energy is consumed in the space creation- and the rest energy is found in one light beam its speed is (300000 km/s = the known speed of light)- we understand this is one light beam its speed was 1.16 million km per second before the space creation (In Mercury Orbit) and its speed becomes 300000 km/s after the space creation (in Pluto orbit) as result for the energy consumption in the space creation-

In Pluto orbit - the light could Not move any further to build any more orbits because any additional space creation will consume more energy and that will decrease the light speed to be less than 300000 km/s (the known speed of light) – and – No known light moves by speed less than 300000 km/s – means- the light had no energy to move any further after Pluto orbit- for that- the light returns to its origin point (Mercury orbit) for that the light is reflected with speed (300000 km/s) from Pluto orbit to Mercury orbit passing through the built orbits– no energy is required in this motion for that the light beam moves with speed of light (300000 km/s) till Mercury orbit.

The paper provides many powerful proves for this fact- here I refer to 3 proves only

(1st Proof)

Planet Velocity Analysis proves the speed 1.16 million km per second

Data

322 = 47.4 km/s (Mercury velocities) x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocities)

322 = 35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2

322 = 29.8 km/s (the Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocities) x 2

322 = 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity)

322 = (17.9 km/s)^2 (Ceres velocity) (Max error 2%)

Discussion

This is one rule used to define planet velocity- we know this rule (v1v2 = constant =322) – other rules are discussed in planet velocity definition- here we ask only

Why the constant is 322?? Because 1160000 seconds = 3600 x 322 hours

Means- the light moves 1.16 million km but we see it as 1160000 seconds and based on this period the constant 322 hours is defined and based on this constant the planets velocities are defined- means- the planets velocities are defined as functions in the speed 1.16 million km per second

(2nd Proof)

The planets orbital circumferences total is defined by light speed 1.16 million km per second- let's prove that

100733 million km = 86400 seconds x 1160000 km/s

100733 million km = The Planets Orbital Circumferences Total

86400 seconds = The solar day

Means- light its speed 1.16 million km per second passes in a solar day a distance = 100733 million km = The Planets Orbital Circumferences Total

The planets data analysis proves that the solar day is the major period of time in the solar system- that because- all planets orbits are defined based on it- the paper proves this fact strongly

(3rd Proof)

The planets orbits and orbital distances are created from the energy of the light beam its speed is 1.16 million km per second- for that- this speed is registered in the distances data – let's prove that in following

Example

778.6 million km (Jupiter orbital distance) = 1160000 km/s x 671 seconds

721 million km (Jupiter Mercury distance) = 1160000 km/s x 629 seconds

Where

671 million km = Jupiter Venus Distance

629 million km = Jupiter Earth Distance

This example tells that

The light (its speed 1.16 million km per second) created the distances based on each other- means

The light uses 671 million km (Jupiter Venus Distance) as a period of time 671 seconds to pass the distance 778.6 million km (Jupiter Orbital Distance)

Also -the light uses 629 million km (Jupiter Earth Distance) as a period of time 629 seconds to pass the distance 721 million km (Jupiter Mercury Distance)

By this method the light (1.16 million km per second) creates the distances based on each other- the previous data is example for so many other distances let's see them in following

(778.6 / 671)= (721/629) = (629/551)= (2x551/940)= (4900/4188) = (5906/5127)= (5127/4437) = (4345/3717)= 1.16

Where

778.6 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance

721 million km = Jupiter Mercury Distance

671 million km = Jupiter Venus Distance

629 million km = Jupiter Earth Distance

551 million km = Jupiter Mars Distance

940 million km = Earth Orbital Circumference

4188 million km = 2 x 2094 million km (Jupiter Uranus Distance)

4900 million km = Jupiter Orbital Circumference

5906 million km = Pluto Orbital Distance

5127 million km = Pluto Jupiter Distance

4437 million km = Mercury Neptune Distance

4345 million km = The Earth Neptune Distance

3717 million km = Jupiter Neptune Distance

The paper provides so many other powerful proves for the speed 1.16 million km

Notice

(1.16/0.3) x 2π = 24.3

The equation tells, because the solar system is created by light beam its speed 1.16million km per second with its other speed 300000 km/s

For that - the space is created in curved lines (2π) and the time is created based on the solar day (24 hours)- that explains why the planets orbital circumferences total depends on the solar day period

Twelfth Critic Giant- Impact Hypothesis is wrong (Mars Caused The Moon Creation)

Mars Is The Planet Caused The Earth Moon Creation

Let's prove that in following

Mars Original Orbit Was Between Mercury And Venus with orbital distance = 84 million km

The order (Mercury– Mars – Venus – Earth) shows correct order in planets diameters, and orbital distances (and masses)

BUT – Mars had migrated from its original orbit (between Mercury and Venus) to its current one (227.9 million km) and Mars had collided with Venus and then with the Earth in its migration motion – and Mars itself has caused the Earth moon creation.

My Theory (Mars Migration Theory) answers many left questions by Giant-Impact Hypothesis – for example -

Why Does Venus Have No Moon?

Mars had migrated from its original orbit (between Mercury and Venus) – and moved to its current orbit (227.9 million km) – BUT- Mars had moved under force and push – and then Mars had collided with Venus –and Mars had pushed ALL DEBRIS with it in its Motion Direction because of its strong motion

Venus had found No Debris around and for that Venus couldn't create its moon

But– the Earth gravity is greater than Venus' and the debris lost some of their momentum for that the Earth could attracted some debris and created its moon.

Mars has 2 moons and this fact supports my theory because Mars with small mass could attract two moons because the debris were around it while Venus has greater mass but couldn't create its moon because the debris are moved with Mars motion.

The rest debris are attracted by Jupiter gravity and created the asteroid belt

My paper provides many powerful proves for Mars Migration Theory

Thirteenth Critic Tidal Locking Theory Is Wrong

The moon orbital period = the moon rotation period =27.3 days Not because of any tidal locking – this theory is wrong

The moon periods equality is found necessary to be used by Planet Diameter Equation

In fact- my planet diameter equation can work by depending on one planet its rotation period = its orbital period- this feature was Venus feature- means- in ancient Venus orbital period was equal Venus rotation period =243 solar days and my planet diameter equation depended on Venus to defines each planet diameter

But Neptune caused to create relativistic effects in the solar system- the relativistic effects caused to cerate Lorentz length contraction effect with the rate 7.1 and the solar system uses this rate by geometrical modification as (1+ 7.1/100) = 1.0725

Shortly- Venus orbital period (as many other planets data) is effected by the rate 1.0725 and so Venus orbital period is decreased from 243 days to be 224.7 days

Because Venus orbital period (224.7 days) becomes different from Venus rotation period (243 days) that caused great problem for planet diameter equation and put all planets diameters in serious risk –

For that-Venus created an effect on the Moon motion and caused the moon rotation period to be equal the moon orbital period =27.3days and by that my planet diameter equation can work normally again by using the moon motion in place of Venus motion

Shortly –No tidal locking is used to make the moon rotation period to be = the moon orbital period

Fourteenth Critic Lorentz Transformation Are Correct

Lorentz transportation tells us

If a particle moves by high speed motion (near to speed of light), this particle length would be contracted and its mass would be increased and its time would be dilated

BUT -

Many physics Books tell the following

(NO Real Change Is Done For Any Particle Data Moves By High Speed Motion But All Changes Are Illusions Of Measurements)- means-

While a particle is moving by high speed motion and the experiments results show contraction in its length and increasing in its mass and dilation in its time – these changes in measurements are just illusions and the particle itself has no change in any data

Tenth of books tell this meaning clearly and with confirmation and the physicist killed Lorentz work and made Lorentz transformation measures illusions and not facts- regardless the empirical proves-

I stand in front of the books and can't realize what's happening –I refuse these books idea because

The Physics Is The Measurements Science And What's Measured Is The Fact

If no real changes are done how the problem of Michelson and Morelly experiment is solved?- also- we can't understand why the synchronous events in one frame can't be synchronous in another (as Einstein stated) where no change is found for any data- the distances are Not contracted nor the time is dilated nor the mass is increased why the events can NOT be synchronous in any frame?

If the particle own data are measured correctly while it moves by my motion velocity and these measurements are suffered from illusions because the particle moves by high velocity motion relative to my motion velocity that means (I'm the universe reference point)

We notice- Lorentz length contraction equation can't distinguish between particle length and a distance, both can be contracted by the same one equation- that supports my theory tells (Matter And Space Are Created From The Same Energy)– If the space is similar to the sea of water the matter will be similar to a whirlpool (or vortex) on the sea page- both matter and space are created from the same one energy- that gives chance to change the matter dimensions by its motion

My planet diameter equation proves Planet diameter is created depending on its velocity- means- for example– Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s- this fact is proved by my Equation strongly - that tells the motion has effect on the matter dimensions and data definition which supports the same meaning of Lorentz transformation.

In fact- my planet diameter equation is the main motive behind this fighting because the equation proves strongly Planet diameter is created based on its velocity- the velocity is defined before creation- the problem here is in the definition of matter- the wrong definition of matter caused this problem while my planet diameter equation proves that the planet diameter is defined based on its velocity

Please read the paper definitions which change the matter definition and prove the matter data is created depending on its motion

Fifteenth Critic Newton Is Wrong (The Gravitation Equation Is Wrong)

What's the first mistake in the physics book? (The Gravitation Equation)

The main problem here is that – the gravitation equation contradicts the planets order- the equation tells (more mass necessitates Shorter distance) but the planets are ordered in opposite direction – for example- (Mercury- Venus – Earth) this order tells more mass necessitates Longer distance

The equation clearly contradicts the planets order-( Jupiter the greatest mass is not the first planet)

But- the physicist doesn't see this problem and invented ideas to cover this contradiction- for that- the physicist told us (Planet Initial Condition Prevents The Planet To Follow The Gravitation Equation Rule)- that tells the gravitation equation lost all support from the planets data and even it contradicts the planets order but the physicist knows the secret of this contradiction and we should trust this contradiction is not real one

This was a sad day in the human history- because we needed ideas can explain the planets motions and data but the physicist ideas removed even the planets data which is the only facts we have- and the physicist gave us lies and imaginary pictures that was the starting of the errors occupied the physics book since long time

Now – let's ask – How does planet define its orbital distance? Planet defines its orbit based on its neighbor orbit (planet mass has no relationship)- let's see the proof

My Planet Orbital Distance Equation d^2=4 d0 (d- d0)

d = A Planet Orbital Distance AND d0= Its Direct Previous Neighbor Planet Orbital Distance

VENUS ORBIT (108.2)^2 = 4 x 57.9 x (50.3)

d= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance

d0= 57.9 million km =Mercury Orbital Distance

50.3 million km = The Distance Between Venus And Mercury

Venus Depends On Mercury

SATURN ORBIT (1433.5)^2 = 4 x 778.6 x (1433.5- 778.6)

d= 1433.5 million km =Saturn Orbital Distance

d0= 778.6 million km =Jupiter Orbital Distance

Saturn depends on Jupiter

URANUS ORBIT (2872.5)^2 = 4 x 1433.5 x (2872.5- 1433.5)

d= 2872.5 million km = Uranus Orbital Distance

d0= 1433.5 million km = Saturn Orbital Distance

Uranus depends on Saturn

The Paper Tests My Equation With All Planets Orbital Distances And Discusses The Equation Concept-

Please Note- light created the space in orbits depending on each other before any planet creation- means- the planets orbits are created before any planet creation and by that planet mass has no relationship with its orbit definition-

In fact- the planets orbits are created by light motion and that is proved by different powerful planets data –my planet orbital distance equation is one method only and there are many other methods prove the orbits are created based on each other without any effect of any planet mass- shortly- the basic idea is wrong

The paper provides these different methods and proves the planets orbits are created by light motion before any planet creation

PAPER FIRST HYPOTHESIS

Paper first hypothesis

The gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and not by the gravitational field (Moreover the sun is not producing a gravitational field) and

The gravitational waves are reflected three times in the solar system (from Pluto and Neptune to Saturn) and (From Uranus to Jupiter) and (from Venus to Mars) –

The gravitational waves reflection causes changes in the planets data- and these changes are repeated with each reflection- means- these changes are found by rules because it's repeated with each reflection clearly- that shows the planets use similar behaviors to create their data which proves one reason causes to create all this data

Also- the wave energy reflection causes to square the wave velocity – the velocity square is the most important feature of the energy reflection because it enables the waves to move by speed of light- that explains how the gravitational waves can move by speed of light in the solar system- the motion by speed of light is produced only by the wave energy reflection (and without the reflection this motion can't be done)

Paper 1st hypothesis (The objective of the hypothesis)

I prove that the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and these waves are reflected in the solar system three time and the reflection of the wave energy causes to square the wave velocity (the velocity squaring is the important feature I prove in the paper because the light beam is reflected but its speed is NOT squared and that means the wave velocity squaring is feature of the space) and it's very important to prove the wave velocity is squared by the reflection because this process enables the waves to move by speed of light and that explains how the gravitational waves can move by speed of light – as this new article states

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

The article tells, the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- here I explain how the gravitational waves can move by speed of light (please note the article still believes the gravitational waves are produced by the gravitational field – I refuse this idea – the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies but the article states that the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam and I accept this idea and I explain and prove how the gravitational waves can move by speed of light)

Paper 1st hypothesis Proof (The Proving Method)

I compare between the planets data in the three reflections of the wave- I put the planets data in comparison to each other for each reflection to prove the planets use similar behaviors to define their data and this similar behavior proves one force (or one reason) is found behind- and this one reason is the wave energy reflection which causes to create all this data –

The wave energy reflection effect on the solar system design (A Summary)

The reflections cause defined changes in the planets data – and

The most important change is (the wave velocity square) – and this velocity squaring is very important because it enable the gravitational waves to move by speed of light – the motion by speed of light is very effective on the solar system design because it defines the planets distribution between the sun and Pluto– this fact is explained in point no. (**)

Paper 1st hypothesis Explanation and Proof Discussion

The explanation is discussed in two parts

1ST PART

I- Preface

II- The Comparison

III- The explanation of the wave energy reflection effect on the solar system design

2nd PART

The Gravitational Waves Reflection Detailed Discussion

(Paper 1st hypothesis Explanation) 1ST PART

I- Preface

(1)

Planet Motion Energy Analysis

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2), where's Planet motion energy? the planet can NOT store its motion energy inside its body because it would raise its temperature and No planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- Planet motion energy creates waves in the space- the planet motion in the space is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- as the fish swimming creates waves in the water the planet motion energy creates waves in the space- let's see this picture clearly- the fish swims because it hits the water by its body and that creates waves in the water- we conclude, the water waves move by a velocity equal the fish velocity because of the reaction force- similar to that- Planet moves in the space and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by equal velocity (47.4 km/s)- based on this idea- All planets move and their motions energies create waves in the space where each wave moves by velocity equal its planet velocity

(2)

These Waves Are The Gravitational Waves (My Hypothesis)

Mans- the waves are produced by the planets motions energies- these waves are the gravitational waves- it's my paper 1st hypothesis- the gravitational waves are not produced by the gravitational field (moreover the sun doesn't produce a gravitational field) instead the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies

AND

Note- The moon and the Earth revolve around the sun together for that the moon velocity is considered equal the Earth velocity relative to (the sun) –

The 1st Conclusion

The Planet Motion Energy Creates Waves In The Space

Means - The Space Must Have Moving Waves -

Now -the scientists had discovered waves in the space- And- they considered these waves are produced by The Sun Gravitational Field – BUT Why?

The planet motion energy analysis proves the waves must be produced by the planets motions energies- Now let's refute the sun gravitational field theory- the refutation gives support for the conclusion – the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and NOT by the gravitational field because there's NO Gravitational field.

(3)

The Refutation Of The Sun Gravitational Field

The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field Nor Has Massive Gravity – let's prove that in following

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Planet orbital distance equation (my 1st equation)

d^2= 4do (d-do) where d= planet orbital distance and do= its neighbor distance

Example (1) Venus orbital distance (108.2)^2 = 4 x 57.9 x (50.3)

d= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance

d0= 57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance

50.3million km=The Distance Between Venus And Mercury Venus Depends On Mercury

Example (2) Saturn orbital distance (1433)^2= 4 x 778.6 x 655

d= 1433 million km = Saturn Orbital Distance

d0= 778.6 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance

655million km=The Distance Between Saturn And Jupiter Saturn Depends On Jupiter

Shortly- planet mass has no any effect on this planet orbital distance definition.

Notice

(v)

The 2nd Conclusion

The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies And Not By The Sun Gravitational Field- Also-There's No Gravitational Field At All

(4)

The Wave Reflection Trajectory

Let's remember what we know till now

(a)

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2) and this energy creates waves in the space and each wave moves by its planet velocity- these waves move toward Pluto (perpendicular on the revolution direction) and in Pluto orbit these waves are unified into one unified wave moves by velocity = the planets velocities total = 205.8 km/s

Means- while the planets revolve around the sun in their orbits by their velocities- there's one unified wave revolves around the sun moving by 205.8 km/s and this unified wave revolves around The Sun In Pluto Orbit-this unified wave is The Gravitational Wave

Now- this unified wave is reflected from Pluto to Venus orbit- Means- the unified wave is reflected and sent from Pluto to Neptune to the next planets till reach Venus

The unified wave is reflected three times in the solar system

(from Pluto and Neptune to Saturn) and

(from Uranus and Jupiter) and

(from Venus to Mars)

With each reflection of the wave defined changes are done for the planets data

But let's refer to the general design behind these three reflections in following

(b)

We remember this new article

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

The article tells, the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam-

My hypothesis tells (the reflection of energy causes to square the wave velocity)

Let's put the ideas beside one another to see the general design

The gravitational waves can move by speed of light AND can produce a light beam – How?? if the motion is done by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) how can this motion produce a light beam? Because the light beam is produced from the value (C^2 = squared speed of light) – here we see the energy reflection effect- the wave moves by speed of light and when this wave is reflected its velocity is squared and produced the value (C^2 = squared speed of light) from which the light beam is created-

Means

The machine needs one reflection to change the speed from (speed of light C=30000 km/s to the value C^2 =squared speed of light) and by that the light beam is created

Now – let's ask -

How can the wave moves by speed of light?

We remember- the one unified wave (the gravitational wave) moves in Pluto orbit with velocity 205.8 km/s – how can this gravitational wave moves by speed of light?

By another reflection of energy – let's see that in following

300000 km/s = (205.8 km/s)^2 x 7.1

This equation tells

The unified wave (the gravitational wave) moves by 205.8 km/s and it's reflected, the waves reflection causes to square the velocities

(205.8 km/s)^2 = 42683 km/s

Means the gravitational wave after the reflection moves by a velocity 42683 km/s

BUT

If a particle moves by speed (=0.99 C=297000 km/s), this high velocity motion causes to create relativistic effects specially Lorentz length contraction effect with rate 7.1

Means- the distances should be contracted by the rate 7.1

BUT

The waves reflection causes to reflect the geometrical effects and by that the rate (7.1) will cause to increase the length in place of the length contraction- means- the distances will be increased with (7.1) as a result for Lorentz length contraction effect

The velocity 42683 km/s will be 42683 x 7.1 = 300000 km/s (Speed Of Light)

That explains how the gravitational waves move by (205.8 k/s) can move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

Here we see clearly that

The machine needs one energy reflection only to accelerate the wave velocity from 205.8 km/s to move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

And

The machine needs one more reflection only to change the wave speed from the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) to (C^2 =squared speed of light) by which the light beam is created

Shortly -the machine needs only two reflections of energy to produce the light beam from the gravitational waves motions

Now – let's ask– Why Are There Three Reflections Of Energy In The Solar System? If The Machine Needs Just Two Reflections Why The Machine Uses Three Reflections?

Because of Neptune negative effect on the solar system motion- Neptune caused to repeat the energy reflection and by that the solar system uses 2 reflections in the outer planets and one reflection in the inner planets- this result is done by Neptune negative effect on the solar system motion – as explained in details in the third hypothesis.

(c)

Please note- the two reflections in the outer planets are done to produce a result of one reflection only and for that the two reflections are complementary one another as we will discuss- shortly- we can say there's one unified reflection of the wave in the outer planets and one single reflection of the wave in the inner planets because the two reflections in the outer planets are complementary each other and produce a result of one reflection only – spite of that- the planets data prove clearly there are three reflections in the solar system- means- while the wave reflections are three they do effect of two reflections only – as we will discuss in details in following

(5)

The Wave Acceleration Process

Now we know the unified wave velocity is 205.8 km/s and this wave is accelerated to move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) by one reflection and then this wave moves by speed of light is accelerated one more time to produce the value (C^2= squared speed of light) by another reflection

But where's this happened? In which planets orbits this is happened?

Shortly

The wave moves by 205.8 km/s in the orbits of Planets (Pluto – Neptune and Uranus) and

The wave velocity is accelerated to move by speed of light in Saturn orbit

Means- Starting from Saturn orbit the unified wave moves by speed of light – the wave speed is speed of light in all orbits from Saturn to Venus

And

Venus reflected the wave to Mars and that causes to accelerate the wave velocity from the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) to (C^2= squared speed of light)- in the moon orbit between Venus and Mars

(6)

Planet Definition

(A)

The physics book defines the planet as (Planet is solid body created independently from the space and the other planets)–if so- how can the gravitational waves reflection have effects on the planets data??

My definition for the planet is

Planet is a geometrical point carried on the moving energy (or Planet is a geometrical point found on a light beam) – let's explain this definition in following

The matter and space both are created from the same one energy- means

The planets matters and their distances both are created from the same one energy- the matter and space move depending on the motion of this energy from which they are created-means- the matter isn't moving by the mass gravity – Newton is wrong- the matter moves by the motion of the energy from which the matter is created-

Based on this idea

The space is similar to the sea of water- and the matter is similar to a whirlpool (vortex) is found on the sea page- the matter creates for itself a geometrical frame (a distinguished form from the space) and moves by a different velocity from the space motion- as the whirlpool (vortex) on the sea page- it's created by the sea water but it has a distinguish form from the sea waves and it moves by a different velocity from the sea waves- this explanation shows how the moving energy can effect on the matter creation data- for example- we have a whirlpool (vortex) its diameter is 2 meters how is this whirlpool created? and why does its diameter equal = 2 meters? The diameter is created as a result for the water motion velocity, pressure, amount and motion angle and many other features of (the moving water)- the moving water creates this whirlpool with diameter 2 meters and as long as the water motion is not changed this diameter will not be changed also-

Let's give another example

The energy motion is similar to the blood motion in a creature body- suppose- we examine now a liver of human - the blood motion causes this liver to work perfectly but if the blood motion is changed that would cause changes for the liver cells and job – suppose the blood have some poison the liver will be dead- suppose the pressure is raised- I want to say- the liver is a piece of body (matter) but it depends on the blood motion and this blood motion defines this liver dimensions and data-

Shortly–the matter is similar to a muscle in a creature- the muscle may be so strong as a rock but it depends on the blood motion (similar to that the matter is found depending on the motion of energy from which this matter is created)

That explains how the gravitational waves reflection have effects on the planets data- still the planet is a solid body and the wave is a wave- the wave can be reflected but the solid body can NOT be reflected spite of that the planets data is reflected one another because the reflected waves have effects on the moving energy by which this planet (solid body) is created-

(B)

We should see the depth of this new definition-

The definition tells us

The matter (planet) is created by energy and the matter moves with this energy- means- this energy is the mother of this matter- this energy created the matter and caused this matter motion-BUT- this definition tells- the matter motion is defined before the matter creation- means- Planet motion is defined before this planet creation- How can that be possible? Because –

The energy is found alone in motion (the sea water was in motion) and the energy created the matter and this matter dimensions and data is defined based on the energy motion features (as discussed before- the whirlpool "vortex" is created with diameter 2 meters and this diameter is defined by the water motion features "velocity- pressure- angle- amount …etc") by that the matter dimensions are defined by the mother energy motion features - AND after the matter creation, the matter moves with the mother energy- by that- the created matter moves the same motion based on which this matter dimensions and data is defined- that explains how the planet motion is defined before the planet creation-

This fact is proved by my planet diameter equation because it proves strongly that the planet diameter is created based on its velocity- means- the equation proves – for example – Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s and Neptune velocity is defined before Neptune diameter- let's remember this equation

My Planet Diameter Equation (v1/v2)= (s/r)= I

v = Planet Velocity

r = Planet Diameter

s= Planet Rotation Periods Number In Its Orbital Period

I= Planet Orbital Inclination (example, 1.8 degrees be produced as a rate 1.8)

v2, s, r and I are belonged to one planet and v1 is belonged to another planet

The planet (v1) is defined by test the minimum error

Earth Equation uses Neptune velocity

Mars Equation uses Pluto velocity

Jupiter Equation uses the Earth moon velocity

Saturn Equation uses Mars velocity

Uranus Equation uses Neptune velocity (As Earth)

Neptune Equation uses Saturn velocity

Pluto Equation uses the Earth moon velocity (As Jupiter)

Example

Neptune Equation (89143 /49528) = 9.7/ 5.4 =1.8

89143 = Neptune rotation periods number in Neptune orbital period

49528 km = Neptune diameter

9.7 km/s = Saturn velocity

5.4 km/s = Neptune velocity

59800 days = Neptune orbital period (and Neptune rotation period =16.1 hours)

1.8 degrees = Neptune Orbital Inclination

The Equation Concept (A Summary)

Planet diameter should be a function in its orbital distance –otherwise- this planet would be broken by its motion- BUT- the designer can't create a function has only 2 variables (Planet diameter and its orbital distance)- because– If this planet changes its orbital distance its diameter would be broken also because the diameter is a direct function in the orbital distance without any other variables -As A Result

The designer created the planet diameter as a function in this planet rotation period and the planet rotation period is created as a function in this planet velocity and the planet velocity is created as a function in this planet orbital distance- by that- the function Planet diameter and its orbital distance is created but also it contains many variables (rotation period, orbital period and velocity)- by that- if a Planet changes its orbital distance- this planet orbital period, and velocity and rotation period would be changed but its diameter will be saved-

(C)

The previous explanation helps us to see how the planet is created- also we remember Kepler rule (Planet Orbit Defines Its Velocity)

The orbit is created at first and the orbit defines the motion velocity and the planet diameter is created based on this velocity –means- the space is created before the matter creation- Shortly- The planet orbit is created (from the mother energy) before this planet creation and the planet is created later (by this energy motion features) and the planet data is defined based on this motion features and the planet moves after Creation with this mother energy motion- and– in case any planet after creation changes its orbit the planet motion data be changed but its creation data is saved- we should note that the space must be created based on a geometrical design-means- the solar system space (all orbits) is designed based on one geometrical design before any planet creation

(D)

The planet is a geometrical point on the mother energy and moves with it –Or

The planet is a geometrical point on the same light beam and moves with it

That tells

The solar planets are geometrical points found on the same one light beam and move with this light beam motion

By that- the planets are similar to carriages in one train –and the light beam (the mother energy) is the engine of this train- the light moves and causes all planets motions (as the sea water moves and causes all ships motions)

Here we conclude that the planets motions are similar to the chess board motions because it depends on geometrical rules in all details- that's why the analysis is so useful because it can show the geometrical design found by the planets motions integration.

(E)

The planet definition answers the question

If The Gravitational Waves Are Reflected Why This Reflection Have Effects On The Planets Data?

Because the waves reflection causes to define the energy motion direction and by that the planets data is changed and effected by the moving energy through these planets-

The effects on the planets data is very useful because it proves the reflection is a fact as we discussed later

(7)

The Energy Distribution In The Solar System

Now we know

The unified wave (the gravitational wave) moves by 205.8 km/s in the orbits of Pluto, Neptune and Uranus and

The unified wave motion is accelerated to move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) in all planets orbits Starting from Saturn to Venus

And Venus reflected the wave to Mars and by that the speed of light is squared to produce (C^2= squared speed of light) by which the light beam is created

Can The Wave Different Speeds Have Effect On The Solar System Design? YES

The three planets (Pluto, Neptune and Uranus) have great areas because the wave velocity is 205.8 km/s means massive amounts of energy is stored in these orbits as waves move by 205.8 km/s-

But

Starting from Saturn orbit the wave moves by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) that doesn't need great areas because the energy is found in waves move by speed of light that explains why the planets orbits be small orbits (from Saturn to Venus) and even the inner planets have very small orbits because the energy is not stored in the inner planets orbits but the energy is used directly to produce the sun rays- that shows the planets distribution between the Sun and Pluto is related to the wave velocity changes

(8)

Planet Motion Definition

Let's ask

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

The article tells, the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- now we ask- if the gravitational waves move by speed of light- why is it necessary the gravitational waves move by speed of light relative to the sun point of Space? Or let's ask this question by another method

Pluto velocity is 4.7 km/s relative to what? relative to the sun

All Motions In The Solar System Are Done Relative To The Sun – let's explain why

Let's remember how the sun point is created

We understand the space is similar to the sea of water and it's in continuous motion and NO stationary point can be found in it- the sun point of space should be a stationary point- for that the sun point of space creation needed specific procedure

The planets were found before the sun creation and the planets revolve around a point in space (any point in space) the revolution creates two velocities on both sides of the revolution- the two velocities are equal in value opposite in direction- the total be Zero- means- the revolution motion creates a stationary point in the revolution center-

By that the sun point of space is created as a stationary point- and the sun point is the only stationary point in the solar system- for that all motions are done relative to the sun point of space- but let's ask

What does mean Pluto velocity is 4.7 km/s? it means – the sun point of space is a stationary point and its velocity is 1 km/s (Zero approximately)- and that means- the space around the sun has waves move by velocity 1 km/s while Pluto velocity is 4.7 km/s and that means the space around Pluto has waves move by 4.7 km/s and by Pluto motion the waves around the sun moves by 4.7 km/s because of Pluto motion effect

Shortly- the sun is the stationary point in the solar system and all motions are done relative to the sun because it's the minimum velocity in the solar system.

II- The Comparison

The gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system three times

(From Neptune to Saturn) This Is The First Reflection

(From Uranus to Jupiter) This Is The Second Reflection

(From Venus to Mars) This Is The Third Reflection

Here we compare among the data of these planets- the comparison provides 7 groups of data in each group we compare the planets data because I want to prove that the planets use similar behaviors to produce their data – means- this all data is created based on geometrical rules which proves that there's one reason caused to create all this data and this reason is the gravitational waves reflection- In the comparison I start by Venus reflection (the 3rd one) then Uranus reflection (the 2nd one) and Neptune reflection (1st one) because Venus is very simple data and can be understood easily-

The Data Changes

The gravitational waves reflection causes basic changes in the planets data let's refer to these changes in following

What's used as (A) before the reflection will be used as (1/A) after the reflection.

What's used as (a distance) before the reflection will be used as (a period of time) after the reflection

The velocities be squared –the rate (v1/v2) before reflection will be (v1/v2)^2 after the reflection.

The energy direction is changed by the reflection

The players of the rates of time are reflected also –

Notice – the gravitational waves reflection needs three planets –as we have discussed- the 1st reflection (from Neptune to Saturn) and between them Uranus – also the 2nd reflection (from Uranus to Jupiter) and between them Saturn– and also the 3rd reflection (from Venus to Mars) and between them The Earth– that shows three planets are used in each reflection- the middle planet is effected also by the wave reflection as we will see in the data discussion – shortly – No reflection can be done by two neighbors planets -

These changes are done with each reflection for the gravitational waves- the planets data proves this fact as we will see in the comparison of the data and the detailed analysis for the wave reflection (CONT)

Gerges Francis Tawdrous +201022532292

Physics Department- Physics & Mathematics Faculty

Peoples' Friendship university of Russia – Moscow (2010-2013)

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irinache · 7 years ago

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Francesco Menzio

Francesco Menzio (3 April 1899 – 28 November 1979) was an Italian painter.

Childhood and training

He was born in Tempio Pausania, Sassari in Sardinia, to Pietro Angelo Menzio, a high school teacher, and Augusta Pic, both originally from Piedmont. He and his five siblings spent their childhood following the father in his frequent work moves. They moved to L'Aquila, when Augusta, the mother, died in 1902. They finally settled in Turin in 1912, where Pietro Angelo married his second wife Argia Avetrani.

In Turin, Francesco completed his high school and enrolled for a year at the Accademia Albertina di Belle Arti, after which he completed his art training by himself. He served in the Army in the Infantry Battalion during the first World War, among the last young men drafted in combat, the so-called "Ragazzi del '99" ("The boys from 1899").

Career

Early years[

Upon his return home, he dedicated himself entirely to painting, entering in contact with Felice Casorati who would help him greatly in the years to come. In 1921, he participated in an exhibition held at the Mole Antonelliana, organized against the more conservative show of the "Societá Promotrice delle Belle Arti" on display yearly at the Parco del Valentino. In 1922 he was invited to show at the "Esposizione Artistica Piemontese-Sarda" in the town of Alessandria, where he exhibited a self-portrait (Autoritratto, 1922, now in the Civic Museum). In the year that follows he showed extensively in local and national venues such as the Quadriennale in Turin in 1923, the II Biennale in Rome and the Exhibition of Twenty Italian Artists at Galleria Pesaro in Milan in 1924 and in 1925 at the “Promotrice” in Turin, where he exhibited the Portrait of the Sister (Ritratto della sorella, 1925, now in the Gallery of Modern Art in Turin Galleria d'Arte Moderna di Torino).

In 1926 he was invited for the first time to show in the Venice Biennale and soon after at the First "Mostra del Novecento" and at the "Esposizione delle vedute di Torino" ("The Exhibition of Landscapes of Turin"). In 1927 he displayed 18 paintings in the "Exposition d’artistes italiens contemporains" ("Exhibition of Contemporary Italian Artists") in Geneva with an introduction written by Giacomo Debenedetti. During this period, he cultivated relationships with individuals such as Edoardo Persico; Lionello and Adolfo Venturi; Piero Gobetti (who would die soon after) and his wife Ada Prospero; Mario Soldati; Alfredo Casella; Roberto Longhi; and Riccardo Gualino (who would help the painter economically until the advent of fascism). Thanks to Riccardo Gualino who sponsored the "Teatro di Torino" and Gigi Chessa who designed sets, Menzio got to know foreign artists such as Igor Stravinsky, Sergei Diaghilev and members of the Habima Theater that expanded his vision above the marginality of the Italian art of those years. Gualino's patronage allowed Menzio to visit Paris in 1927, where he established his studio in rue Falguière. He was influenced by Matisse, Bonnard, and Dufy and adopted a post-Impressionist style. In 1928 he participated in the "Exposition of Italian painters", at the "XIVème Salon de L'escalier".

At the end of 1928 he was invited again to participate in the Venice Biennale. Mario Soldati reviewed his work in a September 4, 1928, article in La Stampa. In 1929 Menzio resolved to break with the traditional poetics and together with Jessie Boswell, Gigi Chessa, Nicola Galante, Carlo Levi and Enrico Paulucci, they founded the "Gruppo dei Sei" ("Group of the Six") looking for an intellectual freedom and independence criticizing the rising fascist ideology. The group first exhibited at Galleria d'Arte Guglielmi in Turin in January 1929, and soon Menzio had there his first personal exhibition, introduced by Edoardo Persico. In the following months he participated in all of the exhibitions of the "Gruppo dei Sei" (at “Circolo della Stampa” in Genoa and Galleria Bardi in Milan in 1929). After the showcase at the Venice Biennale in 1930, in which Menzio was personally attacked by the fascist establishment, and following a series of international exhibitions at Bloomsbury Gallery in London in 1930, at the Galerie Jeune Europe in Paris and at the Quadriennale in Rome in 1931, the Gruppo dei Sei was dissolved.

In the following years, Menzio's work developed a personal expression; some examples are "Interno" ("Interior"), now at the Galleria d'Arte Moderna di Torino and "Cappello blu", exhibited at the Royal Palace in Milan in 1929, works that showed soft brush strokes and "forms that vanished in the light". Other works such as "Nudo Rosa" or "Figura (con cappello)" (1929; now in private collections, Turin) or "Corridore podista" (1930) show the influence of Henry Matisse and Amedeo Modigliani. Between 1930 and 1931 Menzio continued his personal investigation, marked by experimentalism and restlessness, elements that were present in some paintings such as "Natura morta con ciliegie" (1931; in the Galleria d'Arte Moderna della cittá di Torino), where the rigorous and essential composition is substituted by objects that had restless and defined colors and outlines. Between 1934 and 1935 he created the frescos in the Psychiatric Hospital of Collegno and inside the Church.

In 1936 he installed a room at the Venice Biennale dedicated to his friend Gigi Chessa, who had died the year before of phthisis. In 1938 he married Gigi Chessa’s widow, Ottavia Cabutti, who already had two children: Luciana and Mauro Chessa. Together they had three more: Paolo, Silvia (who died in infancy in 1942), and Eva. In 1937 he had a solo show in 1937 at the Galleria del Milione in Milan; in 1938, at the Galleria della Cometa in Rome and at the 21st Biennale in Venice.

1930s–1940s

In 1942, Menzio's family was staying at Felice Carena's house in San Domenico di Fiesole when the bombardment of the town began. Because of that, the poor health of the newborn Silvia, and of his anti-fascist feelings, he moved the family to the town of Bossolasco, near Turin where Ottavia's family was from. Soon after, Silvia died of pulmonary tuberculosis. The same year he started a collaboration as an illustrator with the publisher Giulio Einaudi, for whom he designed covers for the series of "Narratori Stranieri Tradotti" NST and the "Universale Economica" UE series until 1946. The year ended with Menzio winning the prestigious "Premio Bergamo" award with the painting "La famiglia" ("The Family").

In 1945, right after the liberation, Menzio moved back to Turin where he established, together with Luigi Einaudi, Massimo Mila, Franco Antonicelli, Norberto Bobbio, Cesare Pavese, Ludovico Geymonat, and Natalia Ginzburg the "Unione Culturale" ("Cultural Union") of which he was the first President. He took an active role in the civil and cultural reconstruction of the postwar city, organizing art initiatives and promoting film and theatre events. In 1946 he designed the set for Woyzeck by Georg Büchner, the first theatre event in Turin after the war.

Later years

In the succeeding years Menzio immersed himself in painting. In 1956, together with Felice Casorati, he was commissioned to paint a fresco depicting the Life of Santa Caterina for the church of San Domenico in Cagliari and in 1958 with the help of his student Piero Martina he painted the ceiling of the Great Hall of the University of Genoa. In 1951 he started teaching painting at the Accademia Albertina in Turin, and the same year he was awarded the Prize of the Italian Republic given personally by the President of the Italian Republic and friend Luigi Einaudi ("Premio del Presidente della Repubblica"). In 1960 he was elected National Academician by the Accademia Nazionale di San Luca in Rome.

Francesco Menzio died in Turin on 28 November 1979, and is buried with his wife Ottavia Cabutti in Bossolasco.

#Francesco Menzio #Italian #30s #Fine Art

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garadinervi · 5 years ago

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Ludovico Geymonat "Luca", commissario politico della 55ma Brigata "Carlo Pisacane", Mario Dal Pra "Colonnello Procopio", Giustizia e Libertà: filosofi, partigiani, docenti, Milano, 1985 [Foto di Vito Panico. Archivio privato di Fabio Minazzi. Bibl.: Ludovico Geymonat. Un Maestro del Novecento. Il Filosofo, il partigiano e il docente, a cura di Fabio Minazzi, «Biblioteca di cultura filosofica» 37, Edizioni Unicopli, Milano, 2009, p. 655]

#philosophy #education #photography #ludovico geymonat #mario dal pra #fabio minazzi #vito panico #biblioteca di cultura filosofica #edizioni unicopli #1980s #2000s

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gdbot · 6 years ago

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(promemoria, in crescendo) Ludovico Geymonat, La libertà,... http://bit.ly/2UVWUlR

#gdbot #garadinervi

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itsgerges · 6 days ago

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