#literally hitler
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By: Michael Bernstein and April Bleske-Rechek
Published: Apr 17, 2023
This is a guest post by Michael Bernstein (Brown University) & April Bleske-Rechek (University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire). Michael Bernstein is an experimental psychologist and an Assistant Professor at Brown University. His research focuses on: cognitive biases, the placebo effect, pain, and substance use. He is an editor of the forthcoming book, The nocebo effect: When words make you sick.
April Bleske-Rechek is a differential and evolutionary psychologist. She is a full professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, where she invests in mentoring undergraduate scholars and engaging students with viewpoints and data they are unlikely to be exposed to elsewhere. Her recent publications and presentations can be found on her personal website: bleske-rechek.com.
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Let’s play a game. It’s called “Who said it: Robin DiAngelo or Adolf Hitler?” DiAngelo, in case you don’t know, is author of the NYT best-seller book, White Fragility. We’ll give you a couple quotes and you think about whether it’s from DiAngelo or Hitler. Ready, go.
1) Did Hitler say: “Not having a group consciousness, Jews often respond defensively when grouped with other Jews.” Or did DiAngelo say: “Not having a group consciousness, Whites often respond defensively when grouped with other Whites.”
2) Did Hitler say: “Jews… creep up on the workers in order to win their confidence, pretending to have compassion.” Or did DiAngelo say: “Whites… creep up on the workers in order to win their confidence, pretending to have compassion.”
For the record, the first quote is from DiAngelo and the second quote is from Hitler. Though whether you were right isn’t exactly the point, as an astute reader would probably know Hitler is likely to use the language of “workers” and DiAngelo is likely to use the language of “group consciousness”. The point is that DiAngelo and Hitler are both advocating an approach that reduces behavior to group membership. They describe the behavior of all Whites or all Jews in highly critical terms and conclude that this is the nature of Whiteness or Jewishness.
We know from decades of psychological research that people hold prejudices. But which groups in today’s society are more likely to be the target of expressions of prejudicial attitudes? And who is more likely to express them?
We decided to examine this empirically. Would agreement with the same statement, whether it be anti-White, anti-Black, or anti-Jew, vary depending on which group it referenced? And would political affiliation moderate attitudes?
We took 3 real anti-Jew quotes from Adolf Hitler, 3 real anti-White quotes from Robin DiAngelo, and 3 real anti-Black quotes from Stephen Douglas. (Douglas was a 19th century American politician who debated Abraham Lincoln). Then, we created anti-Jew, anti-White, and anti-Black variations of each quote, and showed it to 428 college graduates or college students (72% White). This means that 1/3 of participants saw the real quote verbatim, whereas the other 2/3 saw a version of the quote that was manipulated by changing the original (e.g., replace “Jew” with “White” or “Black”, or any other combination thereof). This is shown in the Table below. For each quote, participants were asked to imagine that an intellectual or political leader uttered the statement. They then indicated whether they agreed with the statement by selecting: “definitely no,” “probably no,” “probably yes,” or “definitely yes.” Participants answered this question for all nine quotes, and all were in the same frame (anti-Jew, anti-White, or anti-Black).
Table 1:
[ Red font is used to indicate the words that were manipulated across conditions. Quotes were identical otherwise. All quotes were altered to refer to either Jews, Blacks, or Whites for 1/3 of the sample. ]
The results were surprising. For 7 of the 9 quotes, agreement differed according to target group. On each of these, agreement was highest in the anti-White condition versus the anti-Jew and anti-Black condition. The figures below show the percentage of college graduates (left) and college students (right) who either “probably” or “definitely” agreed with at least one statement, broken down by target group and the original author of the quote (Hitler vs. DiAngelo vs. Douglas). You can see that agreement with both Hitler and DiAngelo is much higher in the anti-White condition versus the other two conditions. Hardly anyone agreed with the Douglas quotes regardless of target group.
For the Hitler and DiAngelo quotes we analyzed the interaction between target group and political ideology.1 This was significant for all quotes, and we once again looked at the percentage of people who agreed with at least one of the statements, shown below. Anti-White sentiment was highest across the board – for liberals, moderates, and conservatives alike. Anti-White sentiment was the highest for liberals compared to other political groups; anti-Jew and anti-Black sentiment was highest for conservatives compared to other political groups.
In a sense, our results are nothing new. We simply observed what has existed for millennia: People treat some groups preferentially to others. In the Bible, the Egyptian Pharoah enslaved the people of Israel. And interestingly, even God responded to this tribally by establishing Passover which “The whole community of Israel is to be included on the meal,” but “no foreigners are to eat it.”2
Sweeping claims about all members of certain demographic groups seem to be on the rise in some circles. But unless you’re tuned into a relatively small number of heterodox writers like Bari Weiss or Coleman Hughes, you will rarely hear someone speculate about the counter-factual (e.g. Bob said all Whites do X vs. Imagine if he instead said all Blacks do X).
Coleman Hughes: “It [cops killing unarmed people] only gets pumped into the media when its a Black person, which gives the false impression that it only happens to Black people.” See also this survey finding that people in general, but especially liberals, massively overestimate the number of unarmed Black people killed by police.
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In the language of Richard Dawkins, tribalism and prejudice may be memes. Memes, in this context, are ideas that “propagate themselves… by leaping from brain to brain” (Dawkins, 2016; p. 249). It is easy to see how tribal loyalties evolved evolutionarily (see Clark & Winegard, 2020), though finding that a mostly White sample had anti-White sentiment cannot be attributed to in-group preferences. Indeed, 55% of college students agreed with at least one Hitler quote applied to White people. Still, there is a historical precedent for people acting negatively towards their own group. In Nazi Germany, Kapos, who were prisoners but also functioned as SS guards, were often crueler towards their fellow prisoners (and frequently fellow Jews) than the Nazis themselves.
This type of tribalism never seems to go well. Why would we expect it to benefit us now?
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An incomplete list of disclaimers that should go without saying:
1) Nothing in our essay is meant as an argument that DiAngelo is as evil a person as Hitler, or for that matter, evil at all. Hitler is responsible for the murder of 11 million people and the death toll from just the European theater of World War II was at least 40 million. DiAngelo is not responsible for the death of anyone. But we can recognize this fact while still pointing to similarities in their thinking.
2) Just because a person agrees with a quote from Hitler does not mean that person agrees with Hitler’s genocide.
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Never forget that the Grievance Studies probe rewrote a section of "Mein Kampf" as intersectional feminist "scholarship" and it was accepted and published.
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#Michael Bernstein#April Bleske-Rechek#Adolf Hitler#Robin DiAngelo#Stephen Douglas#prejudice#bias#literally Hitler#religion is a mental illness#Youtube
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this is the pinnacle of the male gender, the germans perfectly captured how the average healthy man should look like. Lean, with a flexible body and elastic skin. if this were the average, a below average man would look either like elias de poot or richard ramirez. people considered ugly today would be executed on the spot.
maybe A.H. was right all along.
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Everyone I don't like is literally Hitler
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that’s it no more Adidas—and I don’t trust any of you other shoe bitches neither! from now on I’m making my own shoes.
shoes: by jews, for jews.
jew shoes.
#how you gonna make racist shoes? tf?#first literally hitler then ye and now bella hadid#adidas#antisemitism
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#remember when fake woke people got so mad about that infographic comparing the numbers of deaths/injuries caused by israel vs hitler#pretending to be woke and lecturing others about how they can and can't talk about a genocide#well the monsters you sympathise with are literally drawing that same parallel#idk how people can pretend to be so unaware of everything#hitler#moshe feiglin#israel#Palestine#free Palestine#gaza
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mami pmmm would NOT have missed that shot can we PLEASE start hiring magical girls to kill fascists
#us politics#fuck trump#magical girl#not to be negative but seriously what are these current election results who is voting for a literal convicted felon who idolises hitler
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one of the reasons I choose not to wade into politics discourse on tumblr dot com is that if I started screaming I'll never stop
#why are people dying to compare political candidates to hypothetical percentages of Hitler#if that's the cornerstone of your argument maybe you should not be debating#“what's the max percentage of Hitler you'd vote for?” literally SHUT. UP
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It makes me so deeply upset that people don’t seem to be able to let two ideas coexist. Yeah, the US is an imperialistic state thats only interested on getting more power and will destroy any country from the inside just to get it. And Maduro’s also a horrible fucking dictator who doesn’t give a shit about his country or the people living it, an illegitimate figure and also a fucking lunatic. He did say free palestine, but let me ask you something: do you actually think he cares??? do you actually think he’s doing something??. Apparently fucking hitler could say free palestine and you fucking performative activists and pretend communists would run to his defense. and also:
YOUR VOICE DOESNT MATTER MORE THAN VENEZUELAN VOICES, SHUT THE FUCK UP
#coming from a queer venezuelan AND leftist#i know hitler and maduro are not comparable I’m just upset okay#also Im not a cia bot and if you think that you’re literally racist and xenophobic#why do you assume that when a venezuelan speaks english that means we are cia bots#do you think we are not intelligent enough?#interesting#maduro coño de tu madre#venezuela#all eyes on venezuela#venezuelan rights#venezuelan politics#free palestine#free venezuela#leftist politics#latam#leftism
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i might just lay down and die just found out my ra for this year is someone my roommate used to be friends with til she posted a jews r the new nazis "becoming what you once hated- ironic" on her story and a whole thing supporting oct 7. like not even a post just her own heartfelt thoughts about how awesome it was.
#i never even saw the post bc i had unfollowed her by that time#i heard abt it from this crazy zionist i know who said she posted hitler was right#& i knew they're a liar so i asked for screenshots & they kept avoiding me#so for literal months i was in this horrible limbo every time i saw this girl i was like she *could* be a literal nazi.#but she could also just be a regular terrible person who said something shitty but not THAT#& that was horrifying the one time i was alone in an elevator w her i was not managing#finally someone else showed me the screenshot so i know exactly what it said#which like. really isnt much better. but hey#anyways idk who to email abt this bc i cant be alone in a room w her#& i dont think anything ever happened i dont think anyone said anything to her. shes on the board of a club#with another insane girl btw but im not even gonna get into that.#oh and shes living two doors down from me#oy. i need new friends terribly#& my friends from my first month of college also have their best friend living on this floor i hope they never set foot in it tho#if i see theater kids on a bad day its over#sigh#delete later
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If you somehow managed to watch any of Mobile Suit Gundam and think it was apolitical, I am going to tape your eyes open and force you to rewatch it
#mobile suit gundam#gundam origin#mobile suit zeta gundam#char’s counterattack#gundam unicorn#gundam narrative#gundam hathaway#gundam wing#gundam ibo#every single show is political#origin is about the death of a peace activist and the trauma of war#in the original gihren literally tries to become the next Hitler#zeta is about military abuse of power and occupation#cca is literally char attempting genocide because he’s decided everyone on earth is corrupt#unicorn is about children bearing the sins of the fathers and fighting for equal rights AND choosing to believe humanity can be better#narrative is about again the effects of war on children#wing is about the ethics of war and the place of AI in combat#Hathaway is about class inequality and climate change and committing acts of ecoterrorism against a fascist state#IBO is about capitalism colonialism child exploitation and the way propaganda shapes history
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you know, i just wanna say that if were gonna put any word up on the high shelf, 'nazi' should probably be one of them. very heavy word that people throw around way too lightly, i think
#also literally anything relating to hitler#i love my good friend [redacted] but every few months he posts that one meme about steven universe trying to redeem hitler#and it. feels so bad to me for reasons i cant put into words#like. people have gotten way too comfortable with stuff about the holocaust i think#my post#people throw around nazi accusations and comparisons so much and i. hate it#there are real nazis out there. right now. maybe dont accuse randos online of it because they said an opinion you dont like
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just fyi, if trump is elected i'm either killing myself or somehow leaving the country, but wither way im OUT
#like you cannot make me live in a country with the literal new age hitler#us politics#american politics#us election 2024#fucking vote kamala cowards
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This isn't an attempt at a flex I swear and I recognize people can have different learning experience and still be intelligent even if they don't/can't read, but given my abysmal education growing up I have to wonder what would have happened to my brain if I wasn't such a voracious reader as a kid
#i read everything from fantasy to nonfiction to Shakespeare#i once proved my fourth grade teacher was abysmally wrong about WWII solely because i had just read a book about the Holocaust#just a few months prior#otherwise i and the rest of the class would have internalized her 'lesson' that hitler died in WWI and WWII was solely about pearl harbor#God only knows where that train of belief would have led us#she had no business being a teacher and yes she hated me from then on and made my school life even more miserable#like literally sending me home in tears miserable
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there is a world of difference between "this person was fired for supporting palestine" and "this person was fired for being a raging antisemite" and you do in fact need to actually look at what that person said to determine which it is. it sets a dangerous precedent to consider any support of palestine inherently antisemitic but it is just as dangerous to excuse antisemitism under the guise of supporting palestine.
#text#this isn't even just about celebrities either like there was some post going around a while ago that was outraged about some doctor#which literally included a screenshot of his post where he praised hamas for october 7th?#and tbh if you are both a) cruel enough to celebrate a terrorist attack and b) stupid enough to post that under your real name and face#then yeah! fuck around and find out#you can't just read a headline and assume the comments that got them fired were blown out of proportion by the (((media)))#but you also can't assume that they must have been fired for literally agreeing with hitler either#you need to read what they actually said and determine for yourself whether it was warranted or not#also related to the online outrage around the celebrities signing that letter about wanting hamas to release the hostages#calling everyone who signed it a genocide supporter for. literally wanting hostages released.#and wanting israelis and palestinians to be free to live in peace. anyone who signed that letter is now an evil genocidal zionist apparentl#because people didn't read the letter themselves and just assumed that must be true!#i/p#antisemitism
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I’m glad that third party voters can pat themselves on the back about not contributing to the genocide in Gaza because guess what it did literally nothing and things are going to get worse and now you have the blood of your fellow Americans of color and queer Americans on your hands but hey whatever helps you sleep better at night besties.
#go fuck yourselves honestly#comparing us to fucking Hitler voters#what the literal fuck is wrong with you assholes
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I'm sorry to my USAmerican moots but I lost every shred of hope I had for your people today
#man i really thought there was no way he'd get a free pass after jan 6 and all the other shit#i legit thought welp they've seen who he is now surely even hardened reds will take a look at a potential dictator and think 'hmm maybe not'#especially with the amount of campaigning that's been going on. I'm European and I know way too much about it#and like 55% of voters just..... went with it anyway. they literally just went with it I'm#70+ million people saw a convicted felon and thought aye I'll put that on my ballot#even outside of foreign policies at the massive geopolitical consequences this will have you looked at drumpf and said.. yeah???#the 'grab her right by the pussy' guy. the 'immigrants eat people's pets' guy. that one???#the project 2025 guy? the 'i need the kind of generals that hitler had' guy? that one?? 70 million people???#the one who's with 'the rules were you weren't going to fact check' guy?#the one who- oh whatever i can't even#the convicted fe- did anyone else hear about all that or did i hallucinate it. because if you did and you voted for him. i have no words#historians are going to be dissecting how the actual fuck this happened for decades
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