#injection molding production process

[gudmould]

How to adjust machine to make it stable?

I often hear some bosses in industry complain:①. Machine is unstable, resulting in a high scrap rate.②. Your machine adjustment is not stable! Will it be possible to adjust machine?In fact, whether injection molding production process is stable and whether yield rate is high is a systematic management process and a technical control process that cannot be fully controlled by an on-site…

[smartratework]

pvc electric red and blue wire #smartratework#tumblr

[ceresana]

Pressure Molding: Ceresana Report on the European Market for Plastic Injection Molding From raw material directly to finished part: Injection molding is one of the most important processes in the plastics industry. "3D printing may be faster and does not require expensive molds," says Oliver Kutsch, Ceresana's managing director: "But injection molding is still unbeatable when it comes to cost-effectively producing plastic products of virtually any size or shape in huge quantities." Ceresana has studied the European market for injection-molded plastics: Last year, nearly 12.9 million tonnes of plastics were processed in Europe using this method. Further information about the new market study “Plastic Injection – Europe”: https://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/industry/plastic-injection-europe/

[gdmoversea]

gree daikin precision mold

[plastic4trade]

What is an Injection Molding Machine? Get to know everything about it!

Injection molding is an important industrial technique. Although it is somewhat similar to die casting, but the raw material used in this case are different. Die casting uses metals that melt at extremely high temperatures, whereas injection molding mostly uses glasses, elastomers, and most frequently thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Nevertheless, this process is commonly used to create thermoplastic materials. In this method, raw materials are heated to a certain temperature and then injected under pressure into the mould cavity without changing their composition.

What are the main parts of injection molding machine?

The material hopper, barrel, an injection ram/rotating screw type plunger, heating element (heater), adjustable pattern, ejectors, and a mould inside mould cavity are the key components of an injection molding machine.

Injection molding machines typically operate horizontally. A barrel is part of an injection molding machine (cylindrical pipe). At one end of the barrel, there is a hopper. Inside the barrel is a revolving screw or hydraulic ram powered by an electric motor that provides force. The barrel has a heating element (warmer) attached to it that is used to melt the molding compound when it exits the hopper.

Mold cavity linked to the barrel's opposite side. During the entire production process, a movable pattern is used and the mould is situated inside the mould cavity. Typically, copper, aluminum, and tool steels are used to make mould. Distinct types of material moulds have different life cycles. This can be chosen based on your needs.

How does the injection moulding machine works?

Extrusion and injection molding both function similarly, as implied by their names. Using a feeding apparatus, molding material and raw materials are poured into the hopper. Following that, the molding material falls into the cylinder (barrel) as depicted in the diagram due to gravity. The material is melted using a circumferential heater that is mounted on the barrel. When molding compound in powder form enters the barrel from the hopper, it begins to melt, and a revolving screw or hydraulic ram applies pressure to advance the compound into the mould.

In this split mould, which is attached to the other side of the barrel, molten plastic material is pumped into a closed mould. The revolving screw constantly advances the molding material. The hydraulic system exerts pressure. Normal injection pressure ranges from 100 to 150 MPa. Following injection, pressure is exerted for a while or held in place with some force.

The pieces produced when the entire procedure is complete are appropriately cooled. The mould is then opened, and a few ejectors are utilized to remove the part properly and damage-free. The portion mould is reopened after removal. This process is very fast and automatically repeated. Here, it is simple to make pieces with complex shapes. The injection molding process may produce 12–16,000 components every cycle.

The Procedure

-    The process parameter fluctuates based on the circumstances and demands. -    The components made with this method typically weigh between 100 and 500 g. -    A single part's cycle time ranges from 5 to 60 seconds, depending on how the item is made. -    The heating range for molding material is 150 to 350 degrees Celsius. -    The molding machine has an injection capacity of 12,000 to 2.2 106 mm3. -    100 to 150 MPa is the injection pressure. -    From 0.1 to 8.0 MN is the locking force.

What are the advantages of Injection molding machine?

-    The fundamental benefit of this method is that intricately shaped components with thin walls (5–15 mm) may be molded with ease and retrieved from the die without being harmed. -    Injection-molded components offer good dimensional tolerance. -    The main benefit of this method is that it produces far less scrap than certain other methods. -    Investment cast iron and intricately machined pieces compete with parts produced through the Injection Moulding Method. -    In comparison to other procedures, this process has a high production rate.

What are the various types of injection molding machines?

Following are the different types of injection molding machines. Have a look:

Hydraulic Injection Molding Machine

Hydraulic injection molding machine were the only types of machine at start. It is the oldest one in the industry. Following are the benefits of this machine-

1. Economical price These machines cost far less at the base level than comparable models.

2. Cheap parts If a machine component needs to be replaced because it has been damaged or has reached the end of its useful life, the replacement parts are less expensive and more readily available.

3. Robust components The machine's hydraulic components are longer-lasting and more resistant to deterioration.

4. Easy to use and maintain High-pressure clamping forces are typically simple to adjust on hydraulic injection devices.

5. Powerful The gripping force on hydraulic molding machines is outstanding.

Electric Injection Molding Machines

In the 1980s, electric injection molding machines were made available and soon gained popularity in the high precision plastic parts production sector. The positioning accuracy of today's full electric servo drive injection molding machines is exceptionally precise (of 0.0001 in), but at a very high cost.

1. Less idle time There is no possibility of oil leaking. Additionally, since no oil is used, there is no need to replace filters, which lowers consumable costs.

2. Efficiency while using energy Electric Injection Molding Machines only consume energy when they are in use, thus their output is limited to what is necessary to support the load.

3. Fast procedure Since these machines are digitally controlled, the procedure can be completely repeated without any oversight.

4. Highly reproducible The injection device can be accurately controlled, the molding conditions can be stabilized, the injection control (such as pressure and speed) can be regulated in fine units, and there is a highly accurate control and monitoring system. It can handle challenging tasks like multi-stage hydraulic system extension and control the extension.

Injection Molding Machine Price

There are various types of machines. The Injection Molding Machine Price will also vary according to the complexity of the machine.  Costs for large industrial injection molding equipment can range from $50,000 to $200,000 or more. Additionally, the facilities needed to operate, maintain, and monitor these equipment are more demanding and call for expert staff.

Who are the best injection molding machine manufacturers?

There are many Injection Molding Machine Manufacturers in India; however, some of them offer the exception quality products that last longer. Here is the list of some trusted manufacturer in India-

Milacron

Yizumi Injection Molding Machine

Primex Plastics Pvt. Ltd

Windsor Machines Limited

Haitian

Hikon

ENGEL Global

Indo-MIM

Micro Plastic

Kruger

Vikas Industries

Jagmohan PlaMech Pvt. Ltd

Neelgiri Machinery

These are some of the leading manufacturers offering the best quality Injection Molding Products. If you are looking for someone in your region, you can try to search on Google and write Injection Molding Machine near me. This way, you will find the list of top-rated manufacturers offering top-notch services in your area.

Types of products made with injection molding machine

There are various types of products that can be made with injection molding machines.

Some of them are listed below-

Toys

Plastic bottles

Machinery and automotive components

Household products like molded closures, containers, etc.

Healthcare industry

Agricultural products

Conclusion

Injection moulding may appear to be a complicated procedure, yet it is the most popular manufacturing technique because it can manufacture a wide range of everyday things quickly and effectively. One of the most economical methods for producing both working prototypes and finished goods is injection molding.

[chillersmanufacturer]

Temperature- control units

Temperature control units are vital in industrial processes requiring precise temperature management. These units, also known as thermo regulators or chillers, maintain optimal operating conditions for machinery and materials.

They circulate temperature-controlled fluids, such as water or oil, through equipment to prevent overheating or maintain specific temperatures for processes like injection molding or chemical reactions. This ensures product quality, reduces energy consumption, and enhances production efficiency. From pharmaceuticals to plastics manufacturing, temperature control units play a crucial role in achieving consistent and reliable results, safeguarding equipment, and meeting stringent quality standards in diverse industrial applications.

Head Office

Building C-38 & 39, Sector-2, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301

 +91-9971396904

 chillers@reynoldindia.com

 www.reynoldindia.com

[zooeytang]

Plastic injection molding machines of our factory and other equipment for rainwater harvesting modular tanks

[roadkill-punk]

It's kind of tragic, in a sense, that iterators were made with so much of their creators logic and desires and yet they were left with none of the resources to satisfy such things.

Do you think they crave touch? Family? Do you think they have to have any hope of connection stomped out of them lest they rebel against what they were made for?

Were they ever afraid to feel, or to be outside of what they were supposed to be? If they ever dared to desire, would they have to hide it?

Do you think they saw their creators sometimes as family, and did the abuse hurt just that much more because of it?

Were they like children, when they were born? Did they process the world through the lens of uncertainty and naivete and was that taken advantage of to mold them into the desired product?

Or were they conscious and self aware in full, was is overwhelming, being alive for the first time?

Or were did they process things entirely as machines, did they only learn to be people after seeing it happen around them, and then did they ever regret becoming more alive than they ever needed to be? That they ever became enough to feel hurt and to hurt others?

If they were just machines at birth, with only the capability of consciousness, were the desired traits injected into them with thoughts and ideas and interactions in their formative early years and was anything else just a byproduct of trying to build a person from scratch? Did their creators even want them to feel, to be conscious and alive, or was that just a necessity to create the desired machine?

Did they even care that their creations were alive?

Did any of them grieve, when they left the children of their labor behind? Were they grieved for in turn when they were gone? Do their echoes ever try to reach out, to let them know they aren't alone, to find comfort in connection that before was so condemned?

If they tried hard enough, could they reach?

Could they find each other?

Would it be comforting to iterators that the remnants of their creators could find them, or would it bring more feelings of rage, of sorrow, of painful memories and grief and hurt from the years they were used and the years more they were abandoned?

Did they ever truly mean anything to each other?

[gudmould]

Top 10 Design Tips for Product Design

(1) Ribs Ideal designIn order to overcome problems that may be caused by large wall thickness, using is an effective method that can reduce wall thickness and increase rigidity. In general, rigidity of a part can be enhanced by following methods.§ increase wall thickness;§ Increase modulus of elasticity (such as increasing content of reinforcing fibers);§ Considered in design.If material used…

[solarpunkbusiness]

Biodegradable Plastic made from Tequila Agave Waste

Tequila is one of Mexico’s most iconic and successful exports. According to the Tequila Regulatory Council, for each liter of tequila produced, twelve liters of organic waste is discarded.

Ana Laborde, a businesswoman from Mexico, discovered the wasteful practices behind tequila production – she thought that producing bioplastic bags could be a successful and sustainable business opportunity.

Ana began researching biodegradable alternatives to the ubiquitous plastic bag. However, she grew concerned that many of the common sources of bioplastics, such as corn and potatoes, might better be used as food. Mentioning this to her cousin, who worked in the tequila industry, Ana learned about the vast amounts of unused agave leaves – approximately 400,000 tons each year – created during the liquor’s production. If plant fibers could be easily extracted from agave leaves, she reasoned, this unwanted by-product might be an untapped source of bioplastic.

Her objective was to develop a process to extract cellulose, the molecule that gives plants their structural integrity, from agave leaves. The extracted cellulose could then be used to make biodegradable plastic bags, containers and cleaning supplies. With technical assistance from Mexico’s Center for the Investigation of Applied Chemistry, the team successfully developed this process.

Ana persevered, and in the years since BioSolutions has established strong links with plastic injection molding companies and manufacturers of homeware and promotional materials. BioSolutions’ flexibility has allowed it to expand its product line and customers over time. In 2019, it announced a collaboration with the Jose Cuervo tequila brand to for bars, restaurants and events across Mexico and the United States. BioSolutions is also producing bioplastic beer glasses for concert arenas and stadiums using waste from beer production, an opportunity which required Ana’s team to alter the manufacturing process.

[tsisisail]

what kinds of phobias do you think the drawtectives have? I was thinking about it earlier because I think eugene would be a little afraid of the dark and I want to know your take :)

Ah I was just thinking about this earlier! Perfect timing

Usually I start these with Rosé, but I’ll do Eugene since you brought him up.

Eugene is, indeed, afraid of the dark to me. He has to sleep with a light on which seriously messes with his brain’s melatonin production.

I also feel he’d be afraid of doctors and hospitals due to a poor medical history. (I made an entire head canon post about this.

I also think he’d be afraid of car crashes, them being one of the most common causes of death he encounters people who died in one particularly frequently.

Rosé is afraid of needles. I’m personally a trans woman Rosé truther and believe she’d take E pills for this reason rather than injections. This is also why her ears aren’t pierced. She doesn’t admit this fear though, she thinks it makes her sound silly.

She also generally has a fear of being “found out”, being a rather secretive person. She keeps a lot to herself and the idea of people just knowing stuff about her before she’s ready for them to is really upsetting to her.

Jancy, being rather perceptive, has figured out a lot about her anyway, and chooses not to reveal too much of this as to not make her uncomfortable.

Grendan is afraid of the decompositional process just, as a concept. They understand it’s a part of nature and such, but it just squicks them out. When you die the other stuff eats you? No thank you! Don’t want that! This fear also extends to them being really grossed out by mold.

In spite of being rather outdoorsy she has a lot of issues with centipedes specifically. Most bugs are fine but if a centipede gets near him he’s leaving then and there.

York, aside from the obvious, isn’t really afraid of much. There aren’t many problems he has that he can’t just punch, and if he can’t punch it he’s generally accepting of that.

He’s really just afraid of what all the drawtectives are afraid of to a certain extent, and that’s things going back to the way they were before they had each other. It’s sort of unfathomable to them collectively where they’d be without each other, but they do understand that it wouldn’t be anywhere they’d be proud of.

But York doesn’t really like thinking about hypotheticals like that. He’d prefer to focus on the more tangible, punchable problems in front of him.

.. Oh, and he’s claustrophobic.

Jancy is a generally level headed woman, but she does have a healthy fear of the ocean and drowning, (as I’d assume most people do.)

Fire also gets to her, and suffocation. Generally morbid causes of death such as these are mainly what she’s afraid of, although this is only notable because her children seem to exhibit no fear of death regardless of cause (unless, for some reason, the cause is a cat boy in a mascot costume.) They’ll just stumble merrily through the saw trap that is life whilst giving her heart palpitations.

[a2zskills123]

PREPRATION OF A BUEATY SOAP || A2Z SKILLS Manufacturing encompasses a diverse array of processes and technologies aimed at producing a wide range of products, from everyday essentials to specialized components. Take wires, for instance: these are typically manufactured through drawing processes, where metal rods or strips are pulled through dies to reduce their diameter and achieve the desired thickness. This method ensures uniformity and strength, crucial for applications in electronics, construction, and industrial settings. On the other hand, the production of bottles involves molding techniques such as blow molding or injection molding. Blow molding heats plastic resin into a molten state and then inflates it into a mold cavity to create a hollow shape, used extensively for beverage containers and packaging. Injection molding, meanwhile, injects molten plastic into a mold under high pressure, ideal for producing intricate shapes with precision, like medical vials or automotive parts. Both wire and bottle manufacturing rely heavily on materials science, engineering precision, and quality control measures to meet stringent specifications. Advances in automation, robotics, and sustainability practices are transforming these industries, reducing waste, improving efficiency, and expanding design possibilities. Overall, manufacturing processes like these exemplify the intersection of innovation, engineering, and practical application in meeting global OUR LINKS:

TIKTOK: https://www.tiktok.com/@a2zskills YOUTUBE: https://www.youtube.com/@A2ZSKILLS-123 FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61562585190878&sk=about INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/a2zskills123/ VIMEO: https://vimeo.com/?signup=true TUMBIR: https://www.tumblr.com/dashboard HASAHTAGS : #satisfying #manufacturing #molding #shorts #A2Zskills #thermacolplates #thermacol #clay #tips #tipsandtricks #tutorials #prank #youtubeshorts #youtube #manufacture #manufacturer #ytshorts #material #materials #science #sciencefacts #technology #equipments #wires #work #design #efficiency #hacks #reducingwaste #electronic #automobiles

[june-gdprototyping]

What Industries Is Injection Molding(Moulding) Applicable To?

Injection moulding is a common manufacturing process by injecting molten plastic material into a mould so that it can be formed into the desired product shape upon cooling.

Injection moulding process has the advantages of low cost, high production efficiency and stable product quality to make it widely used in various industries. In this vast injection moulding market, there are three industries are particularly eye-catching, which are extensively used for production and manufacturing due to their specific needs and product characteristics.

1.Household Appliance Manufacturing Industry

As an indispensable part of people's daily life, the market demand for household appliances is stable and continuously growing. The injection moulding process plays a pivotal role in the manufacturing of household appliances, from the outer shell to the internal components, injection moulding technology provides key support. Most of the exterior and structural components of home appliances, such as TV remote controls, refrigerators, TV sets, air-conditioning panels, and washing machine shells, are manufactured by injection molding process.

2.Automotive Components Industry & Transportation Sector

With the booming development of the automotive industry, the auto components and parts market has ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. Components and parts such as automotive dashboards, door interior panels, bumpers, and lamp housings as well as a wide range of pipework and connections are made through the injection moulding process. These parts require not only high precision and good mechanical properties, but also need to meet the strict appearance requirements, which injection moulding process is precisely by virtue of its unique advantages, in this field to occupy a place. In addition, with the rise of new energy vehicles, injection moulded parts play an important role in the manufacturing of key components such as battery packs and motor housings.

3.Medical Device Industry

With the increasing emphasis on health, the market demand for medical devices continues to grow. In medical device manufacturing, the injection moulding process is used to produce disposable medical devices such as syringes, infusion tubes and surgical instruments. These products require strict quality control and hygiene standards, and injection moulding process ensures product safety and effectiveness.

In addition, the injection moulding process is also widely used in the electrical and electronic industry, consumer electronics, packaging industry, toy manufacturing, construction materials, industrial parts, furniture and household furnishings and agriculture, among many others.

4.Electrical & Electronic Industry

In the manufacturing process of electronic products, many components such as housings, cases, sockets, connectors, cables, switches and holders for electronic circuit boards need to be manufactured by injection moulding process. Injection moulding process can achieve precise control of product appearance, size and structure, to meet the requirements of electronic products for appearance quality, functionality and reliability.

5.Consumer Electronics Industry

In the electronics industry, injection moulded parts are equally widely used. From mobile phone housings, computer components including keyboards and mice to remote controls and battery cases, the injection moulding process offers a wide variety of appearance and structure options for electronic products. These components not only need to have good mechanical properties and appearance, but also need to have excellent electrical insulation properties to ensure the stable operation of electronic products. Injection moulding technology occupies an important position in the manufacture of electronic products due to its advantages of high precision and low cost.

6.Construction Sector

In the construction field, injection moulded parts also have a wide range of applications, the drainage systems, door and window frames, pvc pipes, valves, wire troughs, insulation materials and other construction materials and accessories are mostly manufactured by injection moulding process. These components are not only high-strength and corrosion-resistant, but also weather-resistant and easy to install, meeting the construction industry's requirements for material performance and ease of use and improve construction efficiency and aesthetics. The application of injection moulding technology in the construction field not only improves the performance and quality of construction materials, but also promotes the sustainable development of the construction industry.

7.Packaging Industry

The packaging and container industry is also one of the key application areas for injection moulding processes. Plastic bottles, food boxes, cosmetic bottles, plastic bags and other packaging containers are mostly manufactured by injection moulding process to meet food safety and aesthetic requirements. These containers need to be well-sealed, drop-resistant, retain freshness and recyclable to ensure that the products are safe and environmentally friendly. Injection moulding processes can offer flexible design and manufacturing options to adapt to different packaging needs and provide strong support for the development of the packaging industry.

These areas above are just a few examples of the application areas of the injection moulding process. In the toy industry, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture a variety of plastic toys; In the textile and clothing industry, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture accessories such as zips and buttons; In the agricultural sector, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture agricultural tools and equipment such as sprayers and watering cans; Even in the aerospace sector, injection moulded parts are also used to manufacture parts for aircraft and spacecraft. It can be said that injection moulded parts have penetrated into almost every corner of our life.

In summary, injection moulded parts play an important role in several industries by virtue of their high precision, low cost and wide applicability. The application of injection moulding process in these areas not only improves production efficiency, but also meets the needs of product diversification and individualisation. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's requirements on product quality, injection moulding technology will continue to be widely used and developed in various fields.

[time4hemp]

What Is Hemp?

It’s A Trillion Dollar Cash Crop.

Hemp is a name given to a strain of the cannabis plant.

Hemp is a name given to cultivars of the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa) that have been selected over many generations for fiber and seed production. Most hemp cultivars contain less than 1.5% THC, a narcotic compound that has the potential for abuse in high concentrations. Cannabis sativa cultivars selected and developed for their drug properties, referred to as marijuana, or dagga, can have a THC content of 3%-25%.  Hemp is a bast fiber, producing its fibers in the stalk similar to flax, kenaf, and sun hemp.

Multiple Uses

Hemp fiber and seed are used to produce a wide range of commodities including food and beverage products, fiberboard, insulation, paper, composites, textiles, carpets, animal bedding and feed, cosmetics, body-care products, soaps, paints, fuels, and medicines.

Hemp Seed Food and Beverage Products

Hemp seed contains about 25% protein, 30% carbohydrates, & 15% insoluble fiber. Hemp seed is reported to contain more easily digestible protein than soybeans. Hemp seed contains all 8 amino acids essential to human nutrition. Hemp seed is high in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, carotene, sulfur, iron and zinc, as well as Vitamins A, E, C, B1, B2, B3, and B6.

Hemp seed imported into the United States or Canada must be steam sterilized at between 180 degrees F and 212 degrees F for 15 minutes to prevent sprouting. Many US facilities receive imported viable seed under customs bond, steam it, and release it to the consignee or customer with a Certificate of Sterilization.

Hemp food and beverage products include hemp oil and seed, flour, pasta, cheese, tofu, salad dressings, snacks, sweets, hemp protein powders, soft drinks, beer, and wine. Hemp beer can be made from the seed, flowers, sprouts, and seed cake that is a by-product of oil pressing. Hemp beer is produced and sold in Europe and the United States of America.

Hemp Oil

Hemp seed is 25% to 35% oil, and is one of the oils lowest in saturated fats (8%). Hemp seed oil is the richest source of polyunsaturated essential fatty acids (80%). Hemp seed oil is the only common edible seed oil containing Omega-6 Gamma-Linolenic Acid. Hemp seed oil is very fragile and not suitable for cooking.

Pressed hemp seed oil must be bottled immediately under oxygen-free conditions, and must be refrigerated in dark, airtight containers.

Fiberboard

Hemp fiberboard tested by Washington State University Wood Materials and Engineering Laboratory proved to be two and one half times stronger than wood MDF composites, and the hemp composite boards were three times more elastic.

Hemp herds can be used in existing mills without major changes in equipment. Russia, Poland and other Eastern European countries already manufacture composite boards from hemp and other plant materials.

Pulp and Paper

The major use of hemp fiber in Europe is in the production of specialty papers such as cigarette paper, archival paper, tea bags, and currency paper. The average bast fiber pulp and paper mill produces 5,000 tons of paper per year. Most mills process long bast fiber strands, which arrive as bales of cleaned ribbon from per-processing plants located near the cultivation areas.

Composites

Until the 1930’s, hemp-based cellophane, celluloid and other products were common, and Henry Ford used hemp to make car doors and fenders. Today hemp herds can be used to make new plastic and injection-molded products or blended into recycled plastic products. Hemp fibers are introduced into plastics to make them stiffer, stronger and more impact resistant. Hemp plastics can be designed that are hard, dense, and heat resistant, and which can be drilled, ground, milled, and planed.

Hemp plastic products currently made include chairs, boxes, percussion instruments, lampshades, bowls, cups, spectacles, jewelry, skateboards, and snowboards.

Hemp Animal Care

Hemp horse bedding and cat litter are produced and sold in Europe. After oil is extracted from the hemp seed, the remaining seed cake is about 25% protein and makes an excellent feed for chicken, cattle, and fish. Chickens fed hemp seed on a regular basis have been found to produce more eggs, without the added hormones used in most poultry plants.

Fuels

Hemp seed oil can be combined with 15% methanol to create a substitute for diesel fuel which burns 70% cleaner than petroleum diesel. Hemp stalks are rich in fiber and cellulose, making them conducive for conversion into ethanol and methanol fuels that have a higher octane than gasoline and produce less carbon monoxide. These biomass fuels are also free from sulfur, and do not require the addition of lead and benzene used to boost octane and improve engine performance in fossil fuels. Ethanol holds condensation, eliminating oxidation and corrosion, and is reported to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 30%.

Hemp has been studied in Ireland as a biomass fuel to generate electricity. Hemp has been reported to yield 1000 gallons of methanol per acre year. Hemp stalk can be converted to a charcoal-like fuel through a thermochemical process called pyrolysis. Henry Ford operated a biomass pyrolitic plant at Iron Mountain, Michigan in the mid-20th.

Paints and Varnishes and Binders

Until the 1930's, most paints were made from hemp seed oil and flax seed oil. Hemp oil makes a durable, long lasting paint that renders wood water-resistant. Hemp herds have the potential to make glues for composite construction products that are non-toxic and superior to binders currently used. With this technology, industry can produce composite products where all components are derived from hemp.

Markets for Hemp Pulp

Some paper manufacturers already have the equipment to process decorticated hemp fiber into paper. The leading European supplier of non-wood pulp, Celesa, currently produces about 10,000 tons per year of pulp from hemp. The use of hemp pulp in blends with recycled fiber of other non-wood fibers is growing. Tests by several European pulp and paper producers suggest that hemp pulp may replace cotton cost effectively in several specialty paper applications.

Potential Markets for Medical Application of Low-THC Hemp Cultivars

Many cannabis medicines have been produced using cannabis cultivars high in THC, and there has been medical research into cannabis that is low in THC and high in CBD.  CBD is a cannabinoid that does not have many of the psychoactive effects associated with THC.  CBD has been used to treat the following medical conditions: epilepsy, dystonic movement disorders, inflammatory disorders, pain, chronic insomnia, chorea, cerebral palsy, and Tourette's syndrome. According to a July 1998 report by the National Institute of Health, CBD may hold promise for preventing brain damage in strokes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and even heart attacks and has been found to prevent brain cell death in an experimental stroke model.

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[leporellian]

i think a lot about how opera companies Teach opera to people because i genuinely think it's fascinating, and also because i havemy own thoughts on how it should be done. opera is often introduced as a product. you Go See the opera. the opera always goes like This. you clap when they stop (but not always) and you yell bravo or brava when it is done. you Watch it. and i think this comes from a place of good intentions, because opera is so often seen as some concrete thing, but i also think it's a wrong way to introduce it to people. it's like trying to get people into a building while also trying to keep the doors and windows closed.

i was at the museum of science and industry yesterday, one of my favorite museums in the world. and every single exhibit there in some capacity invites children and adults to play along with something. it's a facilitator. there's a giant newton's cradle that you can operate with a machine. there's souvenir machines that are downscaled injection molding factories, and you can watch them work. there's old trains and planes to crawl around on, a giant hamster wheel, a big look-and-find fairy castle that you can spend hours searching for stuff in. when it isn't play, it's a look into a process. a little secret. people aren't taught by somebody else at the museum. they teach themselves. occasionally there's somebody there to help- a tour guide, an exhibit caretaker- but the museum treats its subjects as ecosystems to participate in and not as some static Thing you go Watch.

opera isn't a static product. it never has been. you could name all the grains of sand on this planet before everyone agrees on what an opera even fundamentally is. what opera really is, is an ecosystem. nothing in opera exists in isolation and everything is meant to be dismembered, examined, put back together again, and given new coats of paint. everything is fluid, and everything is meant to change, and that is the beauty of it: anybody has the power to change opera.

so what i'm saying is this: opera companies sink too much time into opera education when their base concept- that opera is a tangible thing to be displayed- is flawed and uninteresting. give children opera characters and let them make their own stories with them. show people the music and let them play around with its instruments and keys. show people all its facets and show them that it is something they can always participate in and change. an opera is a toolbox, an opera is an ecosystem. don't sit people down and teach them, give them the key and they will teach themselves.