#father frank ignatius

[evilcentral]

Well, they're having problems. Demons? No. Local parishes in Ryland are protesting.

EVIL, S04E01 How to Split an Atom

[justforbooks]

The career of the actor Andre Braugher, who has died of lung cancer aged 61, was benchmarked by two performances in police dramas a generation apart. In the groundbreaking drama Homicide: Life on the Street, from 1993 until 1999, he played Detective Frank Pembleton, whose drive immediately made him the anchor of an impressive ensemble cast led by Yaphet Kotto and Ned Beatty. He drew a younger audience with the comedy Brooklyn Nine-Nine (2013-21) as Captain Ray Holt, who takes over a chaotic homicide squad and whose intensity again makes him the heart of the show.

Braugher’s deep, resonant voice and seemingly effortless control drew the respect of all he worked with. David Simon, creator of Homicide and The Wire, said: “I’ve worked with a lot of wonderful actors. I’ll never work with one better.” His classical training, at the Juilliard School in New York, made him a regular at the Public Theater’s Shakespeare in the Park, and indeed his portrayal of Henry V in 1996 won him an Obie (the off-Broadway equivalent of the Tony awards).

He brought the projection of the stage to the small screen. Pembleton was the master of “the Box”, or the interrogation room. He explained to his rookie partner in Homicide (played by Kyle Secor), it was “salesmanship … as silver tongued and thieving as ever moved used cars, Florida swamp land or Bibles. But what I am selling is a long prison sentence.” He dominated those small scenes, but the episode Subway, with Vincent D’Onofrio as a character pushed between subway trains, who will die once the trains are separated, was a two-hander whose intensity might have come from the stage of Beckett, Pinter or Mamet.

In Brooklyn Nine-Nine, as Holt, he played it straight in two senses. The adage of comedy being funniest when played straight gained resonance from Braugher’s ability to show the audience with a gesture or line-reading that he, like you, got the joke. But Holt is also gay. His gayness is never an issue, except as motivation for his progress within the police. It was as if Pembleton were stepping into Kotto’s “Gee” Giardello, a black man with an Italian father who was determined to rise in a white-dominated department.

This drive reflected Braugher’s own background. In the tough neighbourhood of Austin, on Chicago’s West Side, both his parents worked for the government; his father, Floyd, was a heavy equipment operator for the state of Illinois, and his mother, Sally, worked for the US Postal Service. He recalled he might have “pretended I was hard and tough and not square”, but he won scholarships to the Jesuit St Ignatius College prep and then to study mathematics at Stanford University, California. After walking into a student production of Hamlet, and playing Claudius, he decided he wanted to act.

Another scholarship took him to Juilliard. He graduated in 1988 and almost immediately was cast in a TV revival of Kojak, as his assistant. His first film role came in Glory (1989); he was so impressive as the educated Thomas Searles, forced to serve as a private soldier in the all-black regiment commanded by his white friend, that Hollywood came calling, but the parts were standard stereotyical roles. His father had questioned how a black actor would make a living, and Braugher later explained: “I’d rather not work than do a part I’m ashamed of.”

He played the lead in a TV movie, The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson (1990), playing Robinson, the first African-American player in major league baseball, who earlier in the 1940s, as a US army lieutenant, had refused to ride in the back of a segregated bus; and appeared in another TV film, The Tuskegee Airmen (1995). He was an egotistical actor in Spike Lee’s Get On the Bus (1996), about the Million Man March on Washington DC the year before. In 1998 he won his first Emmy award for playing Pembleton; he was nominated 11 times, and won his second in 2006 for his role in the miniseries Thief.

After Homicide, he starred as a doctor in Gideon’s Crossing (2000-01), as a cop in Hack (2002-04), as a car dealer in the comedy-drama Men of a Certain Age (2009-11) and as the captain of a submarine which goes on the run after he refuses to obey orders to fire nuclear missiles in Last Resort (2012-13). He had another series of remarkable two-handers in a recurring role as Hugh Laurie’s psychiatrist in House, was a defense attorney in episodes of Law and Order: Special Victims Unit, and voiced Governor Woodchuck Coodchuck-Berkowitz in the animated comedy BoJack Horseman.

He made the most of supporting roles in films such as Primal Fear (as Richard Gere’s investigator), Poseidon (captain of the sinking liner), Salt (as the US secretary of defense) and most notably as a New York Times editor in She Said (2022), covering the Harvey Weinstein scandal. He also starred in 10,000 Black Men Named George (2002), the story of the unionisation of Pullman railway porters, who were always called “George” by passengers.

Braugher admitted that his career “could have been larger, but it would have been at the expense of my own life”. He lived in suburban New Jersey with his wife, the actor Ami Brabson (who played Pembleton’s wife in Homicide). He said he wanted his three sons, Michael, Isaiah and John Wesley, raised in a “true context”, away from being a movie star’s offspring in Hollywood.

He is survived by his wife and sons, his brother, Charles, and his mother.

🔔 Andre Keith Braugher, actor, born 1 July 1962; died 11 December 2023

Daily inspiration. Discover more photos at Just for Books…?

[farewellfuneralsau]

Farewell Funerals in Logan

A funeral sequence forms the centerpiece of Sunday’s penultimate episode of Succession. It’s a moment where the Roy siblings finally confront their grief after weeks of burying it beneath the GoJo deal and presidential election machinations.

Kendall (Jeremy Strong), Roman (Kieran Culkin) and Shiv (Sarah Snook) each deliver eulogies for their father Logan. How good, bad and weird are their speeches? To know more about Farewell Funerals in Logan, visit the Farewell Funerals website or call 0404660974.

For many families, funeral costs can be a major financial burden. However, there are ways to reduce these expenses. In some cases, funeral homes may offer discounts or payment plans to assist grieving parents. In addition, the government offers funeral aid to help families cover burial costs. This assistance is available to all families who need it.

Succession director Mark Mylod nailed the funeral sequence in episode 9. Shot in New York City's Church of St. Ignatius Loyola on the Upper East Side, the scene is one of the show's most opulent and emotional moments.

It's a good idea to compare prices from several funeral homes before making a final decision, experts say. But many people don't do this, especially when they are in a state of grief. Many also don't realize that they can pre-pay for a funeral in advance. This can save them money in the long run, and it may even allow them to choose a different burial site if their family moves.

If you have a loved one who is passing away, it can be difficult to arrange a funeral. However, there are a number of ways to help your family through this difficult time. Among them is to purchase a pre-paid funeral plan. These plans can help you save money by locking in current prices and avoiding future price increases.

For four seasons, we've seen the mercurial media mogul Logan Roy's second son Kendall wrestle with his birthright. The heir apparent swings from plotting his father's demise to weeping submissively into his chest. In Jeremy Strong's hands, the character has been at once slick and unrestrained.

But even when he's at his most defiant--recall his tribute rap for his dad or his rant against his brother, both of which were wildly inappropriate to proceedings--there's been an undertow of pain. It's a remarkable performance. You'd have a hard time finding another actor who could have handled the role with such ease and grace.

A good funeral is a chance to make one last impression on friends and family. The right venue will set the tone for the service, and help to create a meaningful event. Traditionally, funeral services have been held at religious institutions, but in recent years, funerals are becoming more secular events. For some people, this change has been a positive move.

There are many venues available for Farewell Funerals in Logan, including traditional churches and secular funeral homes. Some of these are more extravagant than others, but all can provide a peaceful and dignified environment for the funeral service.

"It's better than fashion week!" Samantha Jones squealed outside Lexi Featherston's funeral in the Sex and the City episode "Splat." The line is silly, solipsistic, and deadly accurate. For a certain type of person, an A-list funeral is worth killing (or dying) for. And in New York, nothing exemplifies a high-end funeral like the Frank E. Campbell funeral home, the de rigueur choice for Upper East Side denizens and celebrities from Judy Garland to Jackie Onassis.

A funeral service is a solemn and sacred event, and a variety of options are available for memorials. From a casket burial to cremation, the family can choose what will be most meaningful to them. In addition, a variety of monuments are available to celebrate the life of the deceased person. A pre-paid funeral plan is an excellent way to save on the cost of a funeral in Logan. To know more about Farewell Funerals in Logan, visit the Farewell Funerals website or call 0404660974.

The opulent funeral sequence in the penultimate episode of Succession is a highlight of the HBO series, shot at New York's Church of St. Ignatius Loyola on the Upper East Side. The cast's various players gather in a grand sanctuary to bid farewell to Logan Roy (Brian Cox). In the hands of a less gifted actor, Kendall might have fit into the tradition of prestige-cable antiheroes like Tony Soprano and Don Draper—swaggering death-fearing patriarchs who preside over morally corrupt power networks—but Jeremy Strong makes the character so convincingly flawed that it's hard not to root for him even at his lowest low points.

[cmcsmen]

You Shall Not Take The Name of the Lord Your God In Vain

By Frank J Casella

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Note: This is a blog series on The Ten Commandments, (unless Bishop Perry has something to say in-between) and excerpts from the Catholic Catechism on how this relates to 'Living the Goodness of a Catholic Man'.  

I hope this blog series will help you reflect on both the commandments and the Catechism so that you may be renewed to grow more in holiness as a Catholic man. 

Frank J Casella

CMCS Co-founder & Executive Director

---

The Second commandment: "You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain"

IN BRIEF:

2160 "O Lord, our Lord, how majestic is your name in all the earth" (Ps 8:1)!

2161 The second commandment enjoins respect for the Lord's name. The name of the Lord is holy.

2162 The second commandment forbids every improper use of God's name. Blasphemy is the use of the name of God, of Jesus Christ, of the Virgin Mary, and of the saints in an offensive way.

2163 False oaths call on God to be witness to a lie. Perjury is a grave offence against the Lord who is always faithful to his promises.

2164 "Do not swear whether by the Creator, or any creature, except truthfully, of necessity, and with reverence" (St. Ignatius of Loyola, Spiritual Exercises, 38).

2165 In Baptism, the Christian receives his name in the Church. Parents, godparents, and the pastor are to see that he be given a Christian name. The patron saint provides a model of charity and the assurance of his prayer.

2166 The Christian begins his prayers and activities with the Sign of the Cross: "in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen."

2167 God calls each one by name (cf. Isa 43:1).

"O Lord, our Lord, how majestic is your name in all the earth!"  It is holy, and we ought to respect it by not using your name improperly. We are not allowed to blasphemously speak of your name, or take false oaths, or commit perjury. In short, we ought to be truthful, and only use your name when it is necessary, and with due reverence.

God calls each one by name.

When we example all of this as a Catholic man, it not only benefits us spiritually, but passes on to our spouse and children (if married), as we have an impact on the next generation.  Furthermore, when we show serious respect for God's name (like don't engage in lockerroom talk) you will be surprised how many others will do the same, or ask why - your teaching moment.  

Reference: The Ten Commandments from USCCB

Click here for the Third Commandment.

[maturemenoftvandfilms]

Evil (TV Series) - S3/E10 'The Demon of the End' (2022) Wallace Shawn as Father Frank Ignatius

[axxnniee]

there's a really funny thing that i had never seen anyone talking about, and it's how some really random characters from harry potter are related. and how it's all because of blacks. phineas nigellus to be exact. 

phineas had 4 sons and one of them was arcturus II. he married lysandra yaxley, who's most likely an aunt to corban yaxley (death eater who imperiused pius thicknesse and head of dmle in dh). they had three daughters (the original black sisters lol) - callidora, cedrella and charis.

callidora married harfang longbottom. she was born in 1915. there is a possibility of her being neville's great-grandmother, but the timeline would be a little bit tight (frank was born somewhere in the 60s, probably around marauders, so his father would have to be around 1935). it is indeed possible, but she could also be just neville's aunt. if the first option is correct, then neville is blood related to blacks, if not then he's distantly related through marriage.

next daughter is cedrella who was disowned for marrying a blood traitor septimus weasley (which is an interesting thing i also want to discuss). and yes, she's the mother of arthur and his siblings. which makes a possibility of neville and ron being actual cousins. 

the last one is charis black who married caspar crouch. looking at the timeline (she was born in 1919) and the fact that she's stated to have one son and two daughters, most likely barty crouch senior is her son. which makes barty crouch jnr her grandson.

so, arthur and corban are cousins, barty and arthur are cousins and there's 50% chance barty cruciatused his own cousin and 50% chance for his distant relative. and the same chances go for bellatrix cruciatusing frank. and bella and barty are cousins too. and arthur fought his cousin's husband.

also, ernie macmillan is blood related to sirius and regulus black - their grandmother is melania macmillan, most likely ernie's aunt.

and marcus flint, millicent bulstrode, vincent crabbe are all cousins to draco. ursula flint is phineas' wife. that makes marcus related to most of blacks. ursula's son cygnus II married violetta bulstrode, making millicent related to blacks. violetta's son pollux married irma crabbe, making vincent related to blacks. and pollux's granddaughter narcissa married lucius malfoy making draco related to blacks. so yeah, draco watched his cousin's death). and it makes three of them distantly related through marriage.

arthur and molly are interesting case. arthur's mom is black. we know that molly is prewett, but prewetts are related to blacks - ignatius prewett married lucretia black (orion's sister). ignatius is also percy's second name. they are either cousins or just related through marriage as lucretia and ignatius could be molly's uncle and aunt.

and i think this fandom has serious problem with understanding the difference between being blood related and related through marriage. being blood related is when two people have one the same ancestor. the example is draco and ron (and any of weasleys sibling) - phineas nigellus is great great-grandfather of ron and great great great-grandfather of draco. they come from the same person. being related through marriage is when aunt/uncle/cousin marries someone else's aunt/uncle/cousin. it does not make you related to them as you aren't related to your aunt's husband or whatever. for example: draco and harry. dorea black is pollux black's sister (draco's great-grandfather). he is blood related to her but he isn't blood related to her husband charlus potter. same for harry; charlus is either fleamont's cousin or brother. he is blood related to him but he isn't blood related to dorea. it's really funny because in real life no one cares about that and those people usually meet only at the wedding. but in wizarding world apparently is an important thing. "all wizarding families are related" does not mean they are all blood related, they are not everyone's actual cousins. they are all distantly related through marriage, they do not share any percentage of dna. so no, hinny and drarry are not cousins. 

it's really funny because if you all care so much that drarry and hinny are related, then can we talk about the fact that harry is related to salazar slytherin the same way?

harry is a descendant of ignotus peverell. his brother cadmus is an ancestor of voldemort, making our two enemies cousins. it also makes harry blood related (very distantly but still) to merope, morfin, marvolo. also, isolt sayre (founder of ilvermorny) is also harry's cousin - her mother is rionach gaunt. but gaunts were originally only slytherin's descendants, they at some point married peverells (but i'm sure it was still before isolt was born), so it does make harry (and rest of the potters) distantly related through marriage to salazar slytherin.

and i find it hilarious.

[nellygwyn]

I thought I would share some portraits/info about notable black men and women who worked and lived in Georgian Britain. This is not an extensive list by any means, and for some figures, portraits are unavailable:

1. Olaudah Equiano (1745-1797) was a writer, abolitionist and former slave. Born into what would become southern Nigeria, he was initially sold into slavery and taken to the Caribbean as a child, but would be sold at least twice more before he bought his freedom in 1766. He decided to settle in London and became involved in the British abolitionist movement in the 1780s. His first-hand account of the horrors of slavery 'The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano' was published in 1789 and it really drove home the horrors of slavery to the general British public. He also worked tirelessly to support freed slaves like himself who experienced racism and inequality living in Britain's cities. He was a leading member of the Sons of Africa, an abolitionist group, whose members were primarily freed black men (the Sons of Africa has been called the first black political organisation in British history). He married an English woman, Susannah, and when he died in 1797, he left his fortune of roughly £73,000 to his daughter, Joanna. Equiano's World is a great online resource for those interested in his life, his work, and his writings.

2. Ignatius Sancho (1729-1780) was a bit of a jack-of-all-trades (he's described as an actor, composer, writer, abolitionist, man-of-letters, and socialite - truly the perfect 18th century gentleman). He was born in the Middle Passage on a slave ship. His mother died not long after they arrived in Venezuela and his father apparently took his own life rather than become a slave. Sancho's owner gave the boy to three sisters living in London c. 1730s (presumably as a sort of pet/servant) but whilst living with them, his wit and intellect impressed the 2nd Duke of Montagu who decided to finance his education. This was the start of Sancho's literary and intellectual career and his association with the elite of London society saw him ascend. He struck up a correspondence with the writer, Laurence Sterne, in the 1760s: Sancho wrote to press Sterne to throw his intellecrual weight behind the cause of abolition. He became active in the early British abolitionist movement and be counted many well-known Georgians amongst his acquaintance. He was also the first black man known to have voted in a British election. He married a West Indian woman and in 1774, opened a grocer's shop in London, that attempted to sell goods that were not produced by slave labour. Despite his popularity in Georgian society, he still recounts many instances of racist abuse he faced on the streets of London in his diaries. He reflected that, although Britain was undoubtedly his home and he had done a lot for the country, he was 'only a lodger and hardly that' in London. His letters, which include discussions of domestic subjects as well as political issues, can be read here.

3. Francis 'Frank' Barber (1742-1801) was born a slave on a sugar plantation in Jamaica. His owner, Richard Bathurst, brought Frank to England when Frank turned 15 and decided to send him to school. The Bathursts knew the writer, Samuel Johnson, and this is how Barber and the famous writer first met (Barber briefly worked as Johnson's valet and found him an outspoken opponent of the slave trade). Richard Bathurst gave Frank his freedom when he died and Frank immediately signed up for the navy (where he apparently developed a taste for smoking pipes). In 1760, he returned permanently to England and decided to work as Samuel Johnson's servant. Johnson paid for Frank to have an expensive education and this meant Frank was able to help Johnson revise his most famous work, 'Dictionary of the English Language.' When Johnson died in 1784, he made Frank his residual heir, bequeathing him around £9000 a year (for which Johnson was criticised in the press - it was thought to be far too much), an expensive gold watch, and most of Johnson's books and papers. Johnson also encouraged Frank to move to Lichfield (where Johnson had been born) after he died: Frank duly did this and opened a draper's shop and a school with his new wife. There, he spent his time 'in fishing, cultivating a few potatoes, and a little reading' until his death in 1801. His descendants still live at a farm in Litchfield today. A biography of Frank can be purchased here. Moreover, here is a plaque erected on the railings outside of Samuel Johnson's house in Gough Square, London, to commemorate Johnson and Barber's friendship.

4. Dido Elizabeth Belle (1764-1801) was born to Maria Belle, a slave living in the West Indies. Her father was Sir John Lindsay, a British naval officer. After Dido's mother's death, Sir John took Dido to England and left her in the care of his uncle, Lord Mansfield. Dido was raised by Lord Mansfield and his wife alongside her cousin, Elizabeth Murray (the two became as close as sisters) and was, more or less, a member of the family. Mansfield was unfortunately criticised for the care and love he evidently felt for his niece - she was educated in most of the accomplishments expected of a young lady at the time, and in later life, she would use this education to act as Lord Mansfield's literary assistant. Mansfield was Lord Chief Justice of England during this period and, in 1772, it was he who ruled that slavery had no precedent in common law in England and had never been authorised. This was a significant win for the abolitionists, and was brought about no doubt in part because of Mansfield's closeness with his great-niece. Before Mansfield died in 1793, he reiterated Dido's freedom (and her right to be free) in his will and made her an heiress by leaving her an annuity. Here is a link to purchase Paula Byrne's biography of Dido, as well as a link to the film about her life (starring Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Dido).

5. Ottobah Cugoano (1757-sometime after 1791) was born in present-day Ghana and sold into slavery at the age of thirteen. He worked on a plantation in Grenada until 1772, when he was purchased by a British merchant who took him to England, freed him, and paid for his education. Ottobah was employed as a servant by the artists Maria and Richard Cosway in 1784, and his intellect and charisma appealed to their high-society friends. Along with Olaudah Equiano, Ottobah was one of the leading members of the Sons of Africa and a staunch abolitionist. In 1786, he was able to rescue Henry Devane, a free black man living in London who had been kidnapped with the intention of being returned to slavery in the West Indies. In 1787, Ottobah wrote 'Thoughts And Sentiments On The Evil & Wicked Traffic Of The Slavery & Commerce Of The Human Species,' attacking slavery from a moral and Christian stand-point. It became a key text in the British abolition movement, and Ottobah sent a copy to many of England's most influential people. You can read the text here.

6. Ann Duck (1717-1744) was a sex worker, thief and highwaywoman. Her father, John Duck, was black and a teacher of swordmanship in Cheam, Surrey. He married a white woman, Ann Brough, in London c. 1717. One of Ann's brothers, John, was a crew-member of the ill-fated HMS Wager and was apparently sold into slavery after the ship wrecked off the coast of Chile on account of his race. Ann, meanwhile, would be arrested and brought to trial at least nineteen times over the course of her lifetime for various crimes, including petty theft and highway robbery. She was an established member of the Black Boy Alley Gang in Clerkenwell by 1742, and also quite frequently engaged in sex work. In 1744, she was given a guilty verdict at the Old Bailey after being arrested for a robbery: her trial probably wasn't fair as a man named John Forfar was paid off for assisting in her arrest and punishment. She was hanged at Tyburn in 1744. Some have argued that her race appears to have been irrelevant and she experienced no prejudice, but I am inclined to disagree. You can read the transcript of one of Ann Duck's trials (one that resulted in a Not Guilty verdict) here. Also worth noting that Ann Duck is the inspiration behind the character Violet Cross in the TV show 'Harlots.'

7. Bill Richmond (1763-1829) was a prize winning bare-knuckle boxer of the late 18th and early 19th century. He was born a slave in New York (then part of British America) but moved permanently to England in 1777 where he was most likely freed and received an education. His career as a boxer really took of in the early 19th century, and he took on all the prize fighters of the time, including Tom Cribb and the African American fighter, Tom Molineaux. Richmond was a sporting hero, as well as fashionable in his style and incredibly intelligent, making him something of a celebrity and a pseudo-gentleman in his time. He also opened a boxing academy and gave boxing lessons to gentlemen and aristocrats. He would ultimately settle in York to apprentice as a cabinet-maker. Unfortunately, in Yorkshire, he was subject to a lot of racism and insults based on the fact he had married a white woman. You can watch a Channel 4 documentary on Richmond here: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

8. William Davidson (1781-1820) was the illegitimate son of the Attorney General of Jamaica and a slave woman. He was sent to Glasgow in Scotland to study law at the age of 14 and from this period until 1819, he moved around Britain and had a number of careers. Following the Peterloo Massacre in 1819, Davidson began to take a serious interest in radical politics, joining several societies in order to read radical and republican texts. He also became a Spencean (radical political group) through his friendship with Arthur Thistlewood and would quickly rise to become a leading member of the group. In 1820, a government provocateur tricked Davidson and other Spenceans, into being drawn into a plot to kill the Earl of Harrowby and other government cabinet officers as they dined at Harrowby's house on the 23rd February. This plot would become known as the Cato Street Conspiracy (named thus because Davidson and the other Spenceans hid in a hayloft in Cato Street whilst they waited to launch their plan). Unfortunately, this was a government set up and eleven men, including Davidson, were arrested and charged with treason. Davidson was one of five of the conspirators to not have his sentence commuted to transportation and was instead sentenced to death. He was hanged and beheaded outside of Newgate Prison in 1820. There is a book about the Cato Street Conspiracy here.

9. Ukawsaw Gronniosaw (1705-1775) was born in the Kingdom of Bornu, now in modern day Nigeria. As the favourite grandson of the king of Zaara, he was a prince. Unfortunately, at the age of 15, he was sold into slavery, passing first to a Dutch captain, then to an American, and then finally to a Calvinist minister named Theodorus Frelinghuysen living in New Jersey. Frelinghuysen educated Gronniosaw and would eventually free him on his deathbed but Gronniosaw later recounted that when he had pleaded with Frelinghuysen to let him return to his family in Bornu, Frelinghuysen refused. Gronniosaw also remembered that he had attempted suicide in his depression. After being freed, Gronniosaw set his sights on travelling to Britain, mainly to meet others who shared his new-found Christian faith. He enlisted in the British army in the West Indies to raise money for his trip, and once he had obtained his discharge, he travelled to England, specifically Portsmouth. For most of his time in England, his financial situation was up and down and he would move from city to city depending on circumstances. He married an English weaver named Betty, and the pair were often helped out financially by Quakers. He began to write his life-story in early 1772 and it would be published later that year (under his adopted anglicised name, James Albert), the first ever work written by an African man to be published in Britain. It was an instant bestseller, no doubt contributing to a rising anti-slavery mood. He is buried in St Oswald's Church, Chester: his grave can still be visited today. His autobiography, A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, as Related by Himself, can be read here.

10. Mary Prince (1788-sometime after 1833) was born into slavery in Bermuda. She was passed between several owners, all of whom very severely mistreated her. Her final owner, John Adams Wood, took Mary to England in 1828, after she requested to be able to travel as the family's servant. Mary knew that it was illegal to transport slaves out of England and thus refused to accompany Adams Wood and his family back to the West Indies. Her main issue, however, was that her husband was still in Antigua: if she returned, she would be back in enslavement, but if she did not, she might never see her husband again. She contacted the Anti-Slavery Society who attempted to help her in any way they could. They found her work (so she could support herself), tried tirelessly to convince Adams Wood to free her, and petitioned parliament to bring her husband to England. Mary successfully remained in England but it is not known whether she was ever reunited with her husband. In 1831, Mary published The History of Mary Prince, an autobiographical account of her experiences as a slave and the first work written by a black woman to be published in England. Unlike other slave narratives, that had been popular and successful in stoking some anti-slavery sentiment, it is believed that Mary's narrative ultimately clinched the goal of convincing the general British population of the necessity of abolishing slavery. Liverpool's Museum of Slavery credits Mary as playing a crucial role in abolition. You can read her narrative here. It is an incredibly powerful read. Mary writes that hearing slavers talk about her and other men and women at a slave market in Bermuda 'felt like cayenne pepper into the fresh wounds of our hearts.'

[pamphletstoinspire]

CATHOLIC APOLOGETICS INFORMATION - Part 1

Introduction

"Catholic doctrine tells us that the primary duty of charity does not lie in the toleration of false ideas, however sincere they may be, nor in the theoretical or practical indifference towards the errors and vices in which we see our brethren plunged . . . Further, whilst Jesus was kind to sinners and to those who went astray, He did not respect their false ideas, however sincere they might have appeared. He loved them all, but He instructed them in order to convert them and save them." - Pope St. Pius X, Our Apostolic Mandate, August 25, 1910.

*

O Lord, who art called the Branch, the Orient, the Splendour of the eternal light, and the Sun of Justice, who art that Tree, of whom Thy beloved disciple speaks as the Tree of life, bearing twelve fruits, and its leaves for the healing of the nations, give Thy grace and blessing on all those various states and conditions in Thy Holy Church, which have sprung from Thee and live in Thy Life.

Give to all Bishops the gifts of knowledge, discernment, prudence, and love.

Give to all priests to be humble, tender, and pure;

Give to all pastors of Thy flock to be zealous, vigilant, and unworldly;

Give to all religious bodies to act up to their rule, to be simple and without guile, and to set their hearts upon invisible things and them only.

Grant to fathers of families to recollect that they will have hereafter to give account of the souls of their children; grant to all husbands to be tender and true; to all wives to be obedient and patient; grant to all children to be docile; to all young people to be chaste; to all the aged to be fervent in spirit; to all who are engaged in business, to be honest and unselfish;

And to all of us the necessary graces of faith, hope, charity, and contrition.

Bl. John Henry Newman

Twelve Meditations and Intercessions for Good Friday __________

CATHOLIC APOLOGETICS INFORMATION - Part 2

Be A Catholic Apologist Without Apology

By: Carl Olson

"I’m sorry. I’m really very sorry. I wish I could convey to you how deeply sorry I truly am."

The speaker was a poker-faced Karl Keating, founder and president of Catholic Answers, an apostolate dedicated to the defense of the Catholic Faith. Addressing a crowd of several hundred in central California, he stepped back and paused for a few moments, letting his introductory words settle in.

"There you have it," he said, moving to the microphone, "a demonstration of what so many people think a Catholic apologist does."

The well-received joke played on the fact that "apologetics" is not a common word in the vocabulary of many Catholics. When introduced to the term, more than a few people wonder if it means apologizing for something. As Keating noted, "Some people think that an apologist is someone who travels the country apologizing for being a Catholic."

The Meaning of Apologetics

"Apologetics" is derived from the Greek root word apologia. In ancient Greece it referred to a formal defense of a belief, an explanation or argument for one’s philosophy or religion. The word occurs several times in the New Testament, including sections of the Gospels, seeking to persuade unbelievers of the truth claims of the Church, especially the unique nature of the person and work of Jesus Christ.

Standing before a tribunal in Jerusalem, the imprisoned Paul states, "Brethren and fathers, hear my defense [apologia] which I now offer to you" (Acts 22:1). In his epistle to the Philippians the Apostle to the Gentiles states that one of his tasks was to make a "defense of the Gospel." Perhaps the best-known appearance of the word in the Bible is in Peter’s first epistle: "Always be prepared to make a defense to any one who calls you to account for the hope that is in you, yet do it with gentleness and reverence" (1 Peter 3:15).

Catholic apologetics is the defense and explanation of the teachings, beliefs, and practices of the Catholic Church. Its goal is to remove objections, shed light on difficult or misunderstood matters, and ultimately help win minds and souls for Jesus Christ. Apologetics is the activity of helping people answer the question: "Why should I be Catholic?" It does so by engaging the mind to reach the heart.

Unfortunately, apologetics has a negative connotation for some Christians, including more than a few Catholics. For these people, Avery Cardinal Dulles notes in A History of Apologetics, "the apologist is regarded as an aggressive, opportunistic person who tries, by fair means or by foul, to argue people into joining the Church." As Cardinal Dulles notes, there have undoubtedly been some bad apologists for the Catholic Faith. Apologists can be unduly argumentative, contentious, mean-spirited, triumphalistic, and arrogant. They can offend unbelievers just as easily as they defend Christian beliefs.

The Dos and Don’ts of Apologetics

However, apologetics should not be dismissed because of misuse or misunderstandings. The value and place of apologetics is best judged by looking to the finest defenders of Catholicism: Paul and Peter, Justin Martyr, Eusebius, Augustine, Aquinas, de Sales, Pascal, Newman, Chesterton, and even Pope John Paul II. These men dealt with pagans, Jews, Muslims, Protestants, agnostics, and atheists, adapting their methods and styles according to their audience while never deviating from the truth.

Most importantly, they are saints first, apologists second. They are men of holiness and prayer. A consistent and vital life of prayer is imperative for the apologist, especially since he is often under attack, verbally, spiritually, and, on occasion, physically. Prayer leads to a deeper knowledge of God and truth. "The closer the apologists grows to God in prayer," writes apologist (and president of Ignatius Press) Mark Brumley in How Not To Share Your Faith, "the more intense his hatred of error and his desire that all men know the truth; the more intense his desire to use apologetics to help bring people to the truth."

Knowledge of the Faith is necessary, of course, since the Church’s teaching about Jesus Christ, or the Eucharist, or the communion of saints cannot be defended without knowing something of substance about them. There is much to comprehend about the Catholic Church and her teachings, but the most basic study materials should include the Bible and the Catechism of the Catholic Church, augmented by solid works of biblical and theological scholarship. The good news is that publishers such as Ignatius Press, Sophia Institute Press, Our Sunday Visitor and others have been publishing quality works of popular and scholarly apologetics for several decades. Classic texts by John Cardinal Newman, G.K. Chesterton, Ronald Knox, Frank Sheed, and other leading apologists of the nineteenth- and twentieth-century are in print and readily available. Contemporary authors Thomas Howard, Karl Keating, Peter Kreeft, Patrick Madrid, Mark Shea, Rev. Peter Stravinskas, and many others have produced an impressive array of books addressing modern challenges to the Catholic Faith, including fundamentalist Protestantism, secularism, feminism, and relativism.

All Catholics should have some basic knowledge of apologetics since they will all undoubtedly encounter questions and challenges about what they believe. When challenged to explain why and what they believe, Catholics should keep in mind what apologetics can and cannot do.

Apologetics should remove objections or false ideas about Catholicism. For example, when asked why Catholics worship Mary, the apologist should be able to explain that Catholics do not, in fact, worship Mary, but worship God alone, clarifying the nature of "worship" and the role of Mary in the life of her Son and in the Church. Much good can come of simply breaking down stereotypical ideas and misunderstandings that are far more prevalent in American culture than some Catholics appreciate.

Apologetics presents reasoned evidence for Catholic doctrine. Doctrines such as the Trinity, the Incarnation, and the Real Presence of the Eucharist cannot be proven through logic or scientific method, but good arguments can be made that they are reasonable and not contrary to logic, even though they transcend the limits of human understanding. A good example of this are the evidences offered by Thomas Aquinas for the existence of God: they logically show that it is more reasonable to believe in an all-powerful, all-knowing Creator and Designer than to believe that the universe is the result of blind chance.

Apologetics should prepare the heart for conversion through an appeal to the intellect. Peter Kreeft writes in Fundamentals of the Faith, "Remember that the purpose of apologetics is not just to win the head but to win the heart through the head." The goal of apologetics is never to demonstrate the intelligence and wit of the apologist, but to invite others into a saving relationship with God through Jesus Christ. In the case of apologists who deal with anti-Catholic Protestants, the goal is an invitation into the fullness of Christ’s Church. Even in the midst of conflict, focus on conversion; while addressing the head, aim for the heart.

Apologetics cannot demonstrate the truth of the Catholic Faith. There are limits to apologetics arguments, no matter how sound and good they are. The hypostatic union and transubstantiation cannot be proven in the way that the existence of gravity or the chemical makeup of water can be proven. Put another way, the apologist has to respect both the reach and the limits of argument and reason while bearing in mind the nature of faith, which is a gift from God.

Likewise, the apologist cannot force, by sheer reason, people to believe. Humans are not calculating machines who crisply process information and then make perfect, understandable decisions. Good apologetics respects the dignity and free will of each person, even when challenging persons to consider serious reasons to believe the claims made by the Catholic Church. Defending the Faith should not be about winning arguments, but presenting truth. As the old saying goes, "Win an argument, lose a convert."

The apologist does not win souls–that is the work of the Holy Spirit. The knowledge of an accomplished apologist can potentially tempt him to lose the humility necessary to clearly understand his work. That work is always dependent on God’s grace. Which is yet another reason that constant prayer and reflection are keys to healthy apologetic activities.

Telling Your Story

One of best apologetic methods is personal testimony. In a recent article in First Things magazine titled "The Rebirth of Apologetics" (May 2004), Cardinal Dulles writes, "The apologetics of personal testimony is particularly suited to the genius of Catholicism. In the act of Catholic faith, reliance on testimony goes out indivisibly to Christ and to the Church through which he continues his mission in the world. Such testimony invites us not only to individual conversion but to communion with the whole body of believers." This thought echoes the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which explains that the sacrament of confirmation gives Catholics "the special strength of the Holy Spirit to spread and defend the faith by word and action as true witnesses of Christ, to confess the name of Christ boldly, and never to be ashamed of the Cross" (CCC 1303).

The new evangelization promoted and articulated by Pope John Paul II emphasizes the importance of ordinary Catholics sharing their testimonies of faith with others. Dry facts and logical arguments may leave many people cold, but few cannot resist the story of a soul transformed and made anew by God’s grace. In this way the exhortation of the first pope can be realized in the life of every Catholic: "Always be prepared to make a defense to any one who calls you to account for the hope that is in you, yet do it with gentleness and reverence." No apologies necessary.

A Short History of Apologetics

The first apologists were the apostles, who defended the faith while evangelizing, preaching, and establishing the Church in Palestine and throughout the Roman Empire. The two most famous apologists of the second century were Justin Martyr (c. 100-c. 165), a former pagan philosopher, and Irenaeus (c. 130-c. 200), bishop of Lyons. Justin wrote defenses of Christianity for Roman readers, relying on his background and skill in philosophy and rhetoric. Irenaeus was one of the first great theologians of the Church and he used his skills to combat the various strains of gnosticism that threatened the Church in the late second century. His major work, Against Heresies, is a significant apologetic landmark.

Augustine of Hippo (354-430) is a Doctor of the Church and is, along with Thomas Aquinas, one of the most brilliant theologians and apologists of the Western Church. A convert from Manichaeism, the African bishop wrote apologetic works aimed at the Manichees, pagans, and the Donatists. His masterpiece, The City of God, is heavily apologetic in nature, defending the Church against attacks from pagans prior to the fall of Rome. Augustine’s Confessions is one of the most famous works of early medieval literature and an example of the power of personal testimony as it continues to touch lives many centuries after it was written.

The Angelic Doctor, Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), produced timeless works of scholastic apologetics, including the Summa Contra Gentiles, written to answer objections raised by Muslim theologians. Aquinas wrote that he set about the task "of making known, as far as my limited power will allow, the truth that the Catholic faith possesses, and of setting aside the errors that are opposed to it." Aquinas’s greatest work, the Summa Theologiae, carefully and thoroughly answered objections to the Faith, often articulating opposing arguments more cogently and persuasively than those who held them. Aquinas’s general approach to apologetics was to use the Old Testament in addressing Jews, the New Testament for Christian heretics, and natural reason for pagans and Muslims.

The sixteenth-century witnessed the dramatic upheaval of the Protestant Reformation, creating the need for apologetics oriented towards a host of different non-Catholic Christian communities and perspectives. In addition to many Jesuit apologists, the theologian and bishop Francis de Sales (1567-1622) stands out for his tireless efforts in France to win back Catholics who had embraced the teachings of John Calvin. As a young priest de Sales was responsible to winning back tens of thousands of such Catholics through writing pamphlets and handing them out door to door. Those pamphlets were subsequently published under the title The Catholic Controversy.

One of the most unique Catholic apologists was the French scientist and mathematician Blaise Pascal (1623-62). A child prodigy, Pascal underwent a dramatic conversion in his early thirties and dedicated the rest of his short life to defending the Catholic Faith against Enlightenment-era secularism and liberalism. He planned to write a thorough work of apologetics but died before completing it. The fragments and notes for that book were collected and published as Pensées. Full of insight into human nature and psychology, Pascal’s apologetic method was markedly different from the scholastic approach of Aquinas. "I can think of no Christian writer," T. S. Eliot wrote, "more to be commended than Pascal to those who doubt . . ." Essential to Pascal’s perspective was his conclusion that there exist three basic types of people: Those who seek God and find him, those who are seeking God but have not yet found him, and those who neither seek nor find.

The best-known Catholic apologist of the nineteenth-century was John Henry Newman (1801-90), an Anglican priest and scholar who eventually entered the Catholic Church after much study and personal anguish. Newman was a patristic scholar and a brilliant stylist; his Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine is still considered to be a monumental work on early Church history, as is The Arians of the Fourth Century. But his greatest work of apologetics was his autobiographical Apologia pro vita sua, written in response to accusations that his conversion to Catholicism was a cynical and self-serving sham.

A blossoming of popular apologetics occurred in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries, led by English lay men Hilaire Belloc, G.K. Chesterton, and Arnold Lunn and priests Ronald Knox and Martin D’Arcy. Chesterton (1874-1936), a former agnostic, is notable for his prodigious output, continued popularity, and recognizable style. Frank Sheed (1897-1982), a former lawyer, founded both the Catholic Evidence Guild and the publishing house Sheed & Ward and wrote numerous apologetics works, including the classic Theology and Sanity.

Fr. John Francis Noll (1875-1956) founded Our Sunday Visitor in 1912 in an effort to fight the socialist, anti-Catholic periodical The Menace. He soon published a number of popular apologetics and catechetical texts, including the famous Father Smith Instructs Jackson, and established OSV as a leading Catholic publisher in the United States. For several decades in the mid-1900s Bishop Fulton Sheen very effectively used television and printed media to defend and explain Catholicism, reaching numerous non-Catholics.

Apologetics were popular in the decades leading up to the Second Vatican Council, but the 1970s were a low point for both popular and scholarly defenses of the Faith. The 1980s saw a resurgence of popular apologetics, often called the "New Apologetics," led by priests Fr. Mitch Pacwa, Fr. Joseph Fessio,, Fr. Peter Stravinskas, and Fr. William Most, and lay men Karl Keating, Peter Kreeft, Scott Hahn, Patrick Madrid, and others. Publishers including Our Sunday Visitor, Ignatius Press, Emmaus Road, Sophia Institute Press, and Ascension Press have produced dozens of apologetics texts in recent years, some of them classic works from previous eras and others the works of contemporary writers.

In a recent interview with IgnatiusInsight.com, Karl Keating reflected on his twenty-plus years in apologetics: "For many years Catholic Answers was a one-man operation. Today there are dozens of apologetics groups, some regional and some national. So apologetics is much more widely done than a quarter century ago, and the stigma that used to be attached to apologetics has largely been overcome." No need to say, "I'm sorry"—apologetics are alive and well.

From:  www.pamphletstoinspire.com

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The Melancholy Black

read it on AO3 at http://bit.ly/2PBuF67

by LilyCarmenBlack

Rigel Crouch was normality; Rigel Black was an anomaly. For seventeen years, the daughter of Regulus Black and Bathsheba Crouch had hidden behind a mask of blood purity and spiteful words, her soul tugged across a tightrope of light and dark. But, when unseen fears spring from a glowing cup, Rigel can't help but feel as if someone is pulling at her puppet strings.

Words: 6202, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English

Series: Part 1 of HIDDEN STAR SERIES

Fandoms: Harry Potter - J. K. Rowling

Rating: Mature

Warnings: Graphic Depictions Of Violence

Categories: F/M

Characters: Original Female Character(s), Original Male Character(s), Original House-Elf Character(s), Original Veela Character(s), Regulus Black, Sirius Black, Bellatrix Black Lestrange, Narcissa Black Malfoy, Andromeda Black Tonks, Black Family (Harry Potter), Bartemius Crouch Sr., Bartemius Crouch Jr., Crouch Family (Harry Potter), Draco Malfoy, Lucius Malfoy, Abraxas Malfoy, Malfoy Family (Harry Potter), Rodolphus Lestrange, Rabastan Lestrange, Lestrange Family (Harry Potter), Nymphadora Tonks, Ted Tonks, Theodore Nott, Nott Sr. (Harry Potter), Nott Family (Harry Potter), Marcus Flint, Marcus Flint's Father, Severus Snape, Prince Family (Harry Potter), Selwyn (Harry Potter), Tracey Davis, Blaise Zabini, Zabini Family (Harry Potter), Mrs Zabini (Harry Potter), Astoria Greengrass, Daphne Greengrass, Greengrass Family (Harry Potter), Vincent Crabbe, Crabbe Sr. (Harry Potter), Gregory Goyle, Goyle Sr. (Harry Potter), Alecto Carrow, Amycus Carrow, Hestia Carrow, Flora Carrow, Carrow Family (Harry Potter), Fenrir Greyback, Augustus Rookwood, Thorfinn Rowle, Pius Thicknesse, Yaxley (Harry Potter), Peter Pettigrew, Death Eater Characters, Tom Riddle | Voldemort, Voldemort (Harry Potter), Antonin Dolohov, Dolores Umbridge, Millicent Bulstrode, Pansy Parkinson, Lily Moon, Slytherin Students, Portrait Walburga Black, Portrait Orion Black, Ron Weasley, Ginny Weasley, Fred Weasley, George Weasley, Percy Weasley, Charlie Weasley, Bill Weasley, Molly Weasley, Arthur Weasley, Septimus Weasley, Cedrella Black Weasley, Weasley Family (Harry Potter), Lucretia Black Prewett, Ignatius Prewett, Hermione Granger, Granger Family (Harry Potter), Harry Potter, Kreacher (Harry Potter), House-Elves (Harry Potter), Albus Dumbledore, Aberforth Dumbledore, Dumbledore's Army (Harry Potter), Portrait Ariana Dumbledore, James Potter, Lily Evans Potter, Euphemia Potter, Fleamont Potter, Neville Longbottom, Longbottom Family (Harry Potter), Alice Longbottom, Frank Longbottom, Augusta Longbottom, Henry Potter, Remus Lupin, Lupin Family (Harry Potter), Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody, Kingsley Shacklebolt, Arabella Figg, Dedalus Diggle, Marlene McKinnon, Dorcas Meadowes, Minerva McGonagall, Mundungus Fletcher, Rubeus Hagrid, Sturgis Podmore, Hestia Jones, Fleur Delacour, Dobby (Harry Potter), Filius Flitwick, Horace Slughorn, Lee Jordan, Luna Lovegood, Muriel (Harry Potter), Oliver Wood, Olympe Maxime, Pomona Sprout, Poppy Pomfrey, Winky (Harry Potter), Sybill Trelawney, Angelina Johnson, Alicia Spinnet, Dean Thomas, Colin Creevey, Dennis Creevey, Katie Bell, Lavender Brown, Parvati Patil, Padma Patil, Seamus Finnigan, Anthony Goldstein, Cho Chang, Marietta Edgecombe, Marius Black, Terry Boot, Ernie Macmillan, Hannah Abbott, Justin Finch-Fletchley, Susan Bones, Bones Family (Harry Potter), Amelia Bones, Zacharias Smith, Smith Family (Harry Potter), Cedric Diggory, Viktor Krum, Igor Karkaroff, Ravenclaw Students, Gryffindor Students, Hufflepuff Students, Heathcote Barbary, Gideon Crumb, Kirley Duke, Donaghan Tremlett, Sacred Twenty-Eight - Character

Relationships: Regulus Black/Original Female Character(s), Original Female Character(s)/Original Male Character(s), Orion Black/Walburga Black, Sirius Black/Dorcas Meadowes

Additional Tags: Good Slytherins, Protective Slytherins, Slytherins Being Slytherins, Slytherin Pride, Gryffindor vs. Slytherin Rivalry, Slytherin Politics, Gryffindor/Slytherin Inter-House Relationships, Hufflepuff & Slytherin Inter-House Friendships, Hogwarts Inter-House Friendships, Hogwarts Inter-House Relationships, Hogwarts Inter-House Unity, Hogwarts Inter-House Rivalries, Hufflepuff Pride, Cedric Diggory Lives, Triwizard Tournament, Slytherin Champion, Ravenclaw Pride, Death Eaters, Good Death Eaters, Good Regulus Black, Sirius Black Lives, Black Family-centric (Harry Potter), The Noble and Most Ancient House of Black, Purebloods (Harry Potter), Pureblood Politics (Harry Potter), Pureblood Society (Harry Potter), Pureblood Culture (Harry Potter), Sacred Twenty-Eight, Arranged Marriage, Dark Magic, Blood Magic, Magic, Duelling, Underground Dueling, War, Second War with Voldemort, Gringotts Wizarding Bank, Wizarding Royalty (Harry Potter), First War with Voldemort, Post-First War with Voldemort, The Golden Trio, The Golden Trio Era (Harry Potter), Post-Second War with Voldemort, Aristocracy, Magic School, Spies & Secret Agents, Double Agents, Death Eater Trials, 1990s, Betrayal, Malfoy Manor, Family, Family Drama, Family Issues, Evil Voldemort (Harry Potter), Horcrux Hunting, Horcruxes, Mental Health Issues, Mental Instability, Mental Breakdown, Secret Identity, Identity Reveal, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - PTSD, Family Secrets

read it on the AO3 at http://bit.ly/2PBuF67

[ss-neokagashi-ss-blog]

Exposing The Illuminati

https://www.ancient-forums.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=17895

Exposing The Illuminati The Illuminati order was a Jewish world government movement of Kabbalistic Jews going back to its original origin's in Europe in the 15th century in Spain as the Jewish Alumbrado movement which means "Illuminated or Enlightened" this movement became the Jesuits Order officially and it appears in France later on in the 17th century officially and became known as the Frankist movement and came public again as the infamous "Illuminati" of Weishaupt.  Adam Weishaupt himself was a Jewish Jesuit and Frankist and styled the Illuminati structure and aims on the Jesuit Order and the goal of the order was to bring about a World Jewish Government.  The Jesuit's and Frankists where wings of the same Jewish Kabbalistic  Alumbrado movement. The Jewish power elites who ran the Vatican needed a sword arm of the Jesuits to fight against the anti-Catholic movements that were sweeping Europe and seeking to destroy their foundation of their occult control and power the Church. The writings of the time show the anti Catholic movement was an open anti-Jewish movement and the Gentiles such as the famous anti-Semitic, Bruno [who called the Jews "excrement"]   was one of the leaders of such movement. Bruno wanted to abolish Christianity and return to Paganism which is why he was executed Hellenism [Paganism] was the death penalty under the Jewish Catholic Church. "It was the Jewish Jesuit Cardinal Roberto Bellarmino [1542-1621] who ordered the philosopher  Filippo Giordano Bruno burnt at the stake  on the 17th of February 1600." The Jewish Alumbrado movement: "In 1492 the Alumbrado [The Enlightened] moment was founded by  Spanish Marranos [baptised Jews who secretly kept their Talmudic faith] and a similar organisation was founded in France in 1623 - "Guerients" who changed their name to the Illuminati in 1722." "The Spanish authorities attempted to stop the Alumbrado movement as early as 1527 when Ignatius Loyola was temporarily arrested for his activities with the  Illuminati [my note the Jewish Alumbrado movement]." "Loyola [Inigo Lopez de Regalde], who was of Jewish blood was born in the 1490"s in 1534, he founded his own order the Jesuits taking out  a loan for the purpose. The Pope acknowledged the Jesuit Order on the 5th of Apiril 1540." The Jesuit's where acknowledged by Pope Paul the III who was obviously Jewish from the images of him just as the Marrano, Borgia Popes where well known to be Jewish. "Benjamin Disraeli, author and prime minister of Great Britain in 1868 and 1874-76 himself a Jew, wrote in his book "Coningsby" [London,1844] that the first Jesuits were Jews." Loyola's written texts the spiritual exercises of the Jesuit Order are all known to be from the Jewish Kabbalah. As the Jesuit's are simply a Kabbalistic Jewish movement who control the Vatican and appointed and assassinated  Popes in history. The Vatican's enforcers are occult trained Jews. Most of the Popes in history have been Jewish as well as the Cardinal's and bishops. The Catholic Church was created by the Flavian Dynasty who's first Emperor put up a statue to an Alexandrian Jew who was responsible for creating the Dynasty. It was also run by  Jewish oligarchs. The Bible is Jewish religion and ends with the world being ruled by a global Jewish government of the Jewish King of the world and the 12 tribes of Israel from the New Zion in the book of Revelations. The Catholic revolution in the Roman Empire destroyed the Gentile society to create a new globalist Jewish government under the icon the ideal of the Jewish King of the World that must be worshipped and brought to life from the astral into the material as a working of the mass mind. The Jesuit's symbol is the Cabbalistic image of the Temple of Solomon the Jewish world government in Judaism. The Latin cross is an extended version of the four armed cross of the Kabballah world Malkuth the material world within the circle of the Kabbalah world of Kether the astral and three of the arms of the cross are designed to look like the symbol of the Hebrew Vav letter with three nails [the meaning of Vav in Hebrew] under this image which are symbolized the three nails which represent the VVV in Kabballah, the 666 which is the number of the Temple of Solomon in the Jewish Torah. The name of the Jesuit's come from the Hebrew name Yeshua into Greek as Jesus "Iesous" which adds to the number 6 in its numerological meaning. Of which the IHS the short form of Iesous is over the top of. Which is the first three letter of YES..uah. Three having major importance in Kabballah. The symbol of the cross of Malkuth, earth the material in the circle of the world of Kether the symbol of the astral is the bringing down of the Jewish Messianic   "World to come" into reality the Kabballah world of Kether is the astral the vortex of energy of the Christ thought form the Jews have created. The cross of Malkuth is the material realm they have materialized this working into and the three Vav's are the symbol of the materialization of this the 6 is the union of the astral and material and the materialization of occult workings into full existence the 666 is 6 to its highest power and adds to Chai the Hebrew word for life to bring a working to life in Kabballah. This shows the image of the Catholic Church of Jesus on the Cross is the occult symbol of the Jewish Temple of Solomon. The Jewish world Kingdom. 666 on its own is not malevolent the Egyptians, Hindu's and Greeks used it as a positive number to bring the human into full contact with body and spirit together. This knowledge was destroyed and corrupted by the Jews to remove it form humanity. 666 is given the scare tactic by Jewish Christianity because the Jews want to keep this knowledge to themselves to criminally use it. The commandments against use of occult systems in the Torah is only for Gentile spiritual systems which are forbidden in the Kabballah for Jews to use. And are ordered to be destroyed. They are toxic to the Jewish alien soul. The symbol of the Jesuit's is based on the goal of the materialization of the Jewish occult working of the Christ Consciousness matrix they have created into reality as the One World Jewish Kingdom its designed to materialize for the Jews.  The name and symbol of Jesus  itself is a binding spell based on the number six which connects to this Jewish energy matrix and brings it into reality.  The purpose of the Catholic Church is the Jewish world government this is obvious in the Bible and the symbol of the Jesuits an occult Jewish organization that is based on bringing the thought form of Christ into fully reality and conquering the world for the Jews.   This is why the current Jesuit Pope Francis was demanding the Catholic's pray the rosary as much as possible in October its to feed the psychic energy into this Jewish thought form of Christ at the time the Jews do the most important Torah workings to recharge this matrix of energy for themselves. The Jew Weishaupt who's father was a Rabbi, becomes a new leader in the Jewish Alumbrado movement: "In 1771, 23 year old Weishaupt met Kolmer, a Danish  Cabbalist Jew who had just returned from Egypt. Kolmer initiated Weishaupt.... into the Cabbala and the ALUMBRADO movement." "It was no coincidence that the Order of the Illuminati was founded on the fist of May. Among the Cabbalist Jews, this date, 15 [1.5] symbolised the sacred number of Yahweh [my note the Jewish god] and so became their occult holiday." From Weishaupt's connection in the Kabbalistic Alumbrado movement he was introduced to members of its other wings such as the Frankists: "At this time a young Jew named Mayer Amschel was being tutored to become a rabbi. ....He later took the name Rothschild. It was Mayer Amschel Rothschild who convinced Weishaupt to wholly accept the Frankist Cabbalist doctrine and who afterwards financed the Illuminati. Rothschild had given Weishaupt the task of establishing [my note leading the existing] the old Alumbrado movement for Cabbalist Jews." "Jakob Frank [1726-1791] was the most frightening phenomenon in Jewish history... Rabbi  Marvin S. Antelman shows in his book "To Eliminate the Opiate" [New York,1974] that there was a clear connection between Frankism and Weishaupt's Illuminism. The goal of the Frankists was to work in secret to establish Jewish world supremacy. Professor [my note himself a Jew]Scholem, has clearly documented that they achieved extensive political power." The other powerful global banking Jewish dynasty in this movement next to the Rothschild's to this day are the Jewish Warburgs they another Cabbalistic adept group: "In Hamburg, a powerful Jewish-Cabbalist family grew forth. Their name was [Samuel Moses] Warbug and they also joined this conspiracy of world supremacy." This is where it comes together Weishaupt  was part of the Jewish Alumbrado  this is where he went into and became a trained Jesuit and a member of the Frankists and created the Illuminati and ran this for larger Jewish powers behind the scene. He was simply a well trained agent of Jewish occult espionage who was moved thought these wings of the same Jewish movement due to his qualifications for such. That is why Weishaupt's main agents where all fellow Cabbalist Jews they were all in the same movement working together to bring this agenda about. The Jewish run Catholic Church is in the background as well. "Bernard Lazar, a well-known Jewish author wrote in his "L'Anti-semitisme" in 1894, that exclusively Cabbalist Jews surrounded Weishaupt. Confiscated documents show that of 39 Illuminati holding lesser leading positions, 17 were Jews [i.e 40%]. The higher one looked in ranks, the larger was the percentage of Jews. Even the fact the Illuminate  headquarters in Ingolstadt were later converted into a synagogue was symbolic of this conspiracy Lazar stated that all these Jews became the agents of revolution..." "There were four especially important Jews in the Illuminati leadership, Harwig [Naphtali Herz] Wessely, Moses Mendelssoh, the banker Daniel von Itzig and the business man David Friedlander." The Jewish Cabbalist movement infiltrated the Masonic Societies whom themselves wanted to destroy the Catholic Church and create a free society. And the Jews did this to corrupt them and turn them into useful idiots of the Jewish world government program. They also did this to stop them from destroying the Church the foundation of Jewish occult power.  The fact Jewish Jesuit Weishaupt himself didn't hide, the Jews conqueror from within: "Adam Weishaupt had taught: "To some of these freemasons we shall not even reveal that we have anything more than what the freemasons have... All those who are not suitable for the work he shall remain in the Masonic lodge and advance there without known anything about the additional system. ["Einige Originalschriften des Illuminatenordes"] Munich, 1787, p.300.] "The Illuminati moved freely within the many secret societies of the time seeking to utilise the liberal ideology of freemasonry as bait for those who lacked knowledge of its true purposes. "All Illuminati are freemasons but far from all freemasons are Illuminati," stated Professor Cosandey and Renner from Munich in their testimonies in April 1785." The Jewish movement was able to take control of Freemasonry at the Congress of Wilhelmsbad which was set up by Weishaupt's bosses such as the Rothschild's with help of Weishaupt: "A conference was held at Mayer Amschel Rothschild's castle in Wilhelmsbad on the 16th July 1782, where the freemasons and Illuminati forged a complete alliance. In this way, the leading secret societies  began a closer co-operation with the Illuminati." "At its beginning, the Illuminati was not a Masonic order, and Weishaupt himself did not enter a lodge until 1777, when he received induction into the Lodge Theodore de Bon Conseil in Munich. However, once inside Masonry, Weishaupt immediately saw its potential value to be a vehicle for the realization of his Illuminati dreams. To create an official union between the Illuminati and Freemasonry, Weishaupt set about organizing the Congress of Wilhelmsbad at the Castle of William IX of Hesse-Kassel, to occur on July 16, 1782. That special even, which was momentous in both size and aspirations, was attended by elite representatives of Masonic lodges from all over. It was also there that a decision was reached to allow the previously excluded Jews to be granted admittance into Freemasonry." "When the time came for a vote on their admittance at Wilhelmsbad, the Jews were so anxious to win the day that they completely filled the hall with other Jewish supporters. It was not long afterwards that the Illuminati membership included an abundance of Jewish banking families, including the Rothschild's, the Oppenheimers, the Wertheimers, the Schusters, Speyers, and Sterns." "New lodges of predominantly Jews were formed in Frankfurt the Rothschild's financial capital in Europe, and soon all of Illumininzed Freemasonry would make the city its world headquarters." "The first order of business for the Illuminati-initiated Jews, who were the was to manifest their prophesied Zion, a world ruled by the chosen people of Yahweh. Plans were set in motion for the Jews to finally have their "land of milk and honey" that had been promised to them for so long [in their own Jew minds] and it would be the entire world." From here the Jews were able to take over the important command lodge of the Grant Orient in France and its associated Lodges. This gave them occult control over the French revolution. "Weishaupt had earlier sent the Jew Giuseppe Balsamo who presented himself under the false title of Count Alessandro Cagliostro, to France so that the Illuminati would control the French Masonic orders." It was the taking over of the Masonic Jacobin's clubs that gave the Jewish movement political control over the French revolution: "The Illuminati  took over the Jacobin clubs already in 1789. 152 of these clubs were active on the August 1790, according   to the Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Jacobins had a centralized network over all France. The first club was taken over by Weishaupt's close collaborators Bode and Baron de Bushce. ... We must not forget that one of Weishaupt's titles was "Patriarch of the Jacobin's"." This is the important part when the Jews created the "Jacobin Republic" and officially took over the French Revolution they created the "Commune" ended all liberties and brought in the "Terror" created secret police forces identical to their Cheka later on in Russia and exterminated over half a million French innocents and destroyed France as a nation on every level. "Jewish "revolutionaries" immediately saw to it that the Jews received full citizenship and so that they had their hands free to act. Maximillian Marie Isidore Robespierre [my note the leader of the Jacobin Republic] published a work entitled "To Protect the Political Rights of the Jews" as early as in 1789 [my note around the start of the French revolution]. Protection of Jewish rights was obviously considered the main priority.  Louis Joseph Marchand, friend of Napoleon Bonaparte, wrote in 1895 that Robespierre was actually Jew by the name  of Ruban....["In Napoleon's Shadow." San Francisoco,1998]. This is where the obvious is witnessed the Jewish run Illuminati, Jacobin Republic established a Communist society the Commune, the Jacobin Republic was the political arm of the Jewish world government movement and the Jacobin's where lead by the Jesuit agent Robespierre who was a Jew named Ruben...… It was Ruben  who executed the actual Mason's who where working to ABOLISH THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.  The Jew Robespierre reinstated the Catholic Church and Christianity totality into French society, reinstated the Catholic Priesthood and Church lands and wealth and the Christian ritual which had all been banned by the Masonic members of the government. This was to maintain the Catholic Church which is the occult foundation of the Jewish power structure. This creates the psychic and material base for the Jewish agenda of world government. Without the Catholic Church and Christianity that can't survive. This is why the Jewish Illuminati infiltration of the Mason's replaced the Hellenistic [Pagan] Masonic spiritual teachings with the Jewish Kabballah and Christianity from its Pagan anti-Christian doctrines. To bring them under control of the Jews and use them to build the Jewish world government now the name of god in the 33rd degree is one of the Jewish god YHVH.  The Jew Ruben under his leadership of the Jacobin Republic set up a pseudo Masonic religion which was nothing more then Christianity. And this was noted by the witnesses of the time. This was to destroy the Masonic movement totally and keep Christianity going. Which is why the Jewish Jacobin Republic abolished the Masonic Lodges and shut them down and sent many of their members to the execution docks during the Terror. Just as their Jewish brethren shut down and liquated the Masonic Lodges they used to bring the Communist revolution to Russia, once they had power. They where useful idiots who had played their role. They in France like in Russia where executed so they would not become a force of counter revolution once the Jews had dropped the mask and revealed their real purpose. America was also attacked by the Jewish forces of the Illuminati. "George Washington, who had become a freemason in 1752 when he was 20 years old, also attempted to oppose the Illuminati's work in America after he was convinced in 1796 that they posed a threat to the nation. Due to this, Weishaupt had made plans to murder Washington if he became too troublesome. [Neal Wilgus, "The Illuminoids", New York, 1978,p.33.] The Jews did finally attempt to murder Washington and overthrow the new American Republic when the new nation's government was still in Philadelphia. Illuminati agents from France poured into America on orders from the Jacobin Republic's Jewish leader Ruben acting mostly likely on orders from fellow Jew, Weishaupt. Philadelphia the capital only had 28,000 people living in it. The Illuminati agents organized and funded a 10,000 man mob of insurrection led by them and who where trucked in from elsewhere for an organized assault on Philadelphia the open goal being to overthrow the government and execute Washington and end the American nation. Thankfully a yellow fever outbreak occurred and decimated the Illuminati forces and chased the rest out of the city for fear of plague. Adam's wrote to Jefferson a decade after this attempted coup by the Illuminati and told him they nearly lost the nation and where only saved by the outbreak of fever.   Washington passed the Alien and Sedition Act into law after this for the reason of combating the Jewish Illuminati in America. Under this act dozens of French Illuminati agents where arrested and imprisoned and thousands more fled America back to France.   Something to note Franklin probably witnessed how the Jews had overtaken France in the Revolution and wanted to protect America from the same fate as Franklin made this demand the year the French Revolution started: "In 1789, the publicist, statesman and scientist Benjamin Franklin [1706-1790] himself a freemason, demanded that the United States of America defend itself against the Jewish immigration and influence with the help of the constitution, since the Jews had become a state within the state." The Illuminati just the wing of the Jewish organization of the Catholic Church. "The mighty finance dynasty of the Rothschild's was born out of the French "revolution". The Rothschild's are still in control behind the scenes today, especially within the European Union." This is why the Rothschild's are the bankers of the Catholic Church. The Church is run by the Jesuit's the same Jewish Cabbalistic order the Frankist's are another wing of, the Rothschild's are leaders of the Frankists and they are working together with the Jewish run Jesuits the leaders of the Church for the same Jewish world government. The Communist Ideology was created by the Jesuits and perfected by them. This was exported to France with the Jacobin Commune. Later the Jacobin's would change their name to the Communist League. Which was the same Jewish Cabbalistic movement marching into a new day.   This is why the Jesuits created and organized "Liberation Theology" which is Christian Communism and spread this to aid in Communist revolution in Latin America. This was the system they already created and perfected centuries before they where bringing out to the  public again. The current Jesuit Pope Francis when he was the Bishop in Argentina ordered Liberation Theology to be preached in all the Churches for assistance in the conquest of Latin America for his Jewish brethren's mission of the Jewish world government.  Francis the Jesuit Pope was put into power to do one thing rebuild the image of Jewish Communism to the world and use Church political and monetary power to push towards the agenda of the World Jewish Government. "Since Jesuits educated Weishaupt , he was familiar with their experiences of creating totalitarian societies and his prototype was above all the totalitarian and theocratic rule, which the Jesuits enforced, in spite of the Spanish central power in Paraguay in 1609. This slave state existed officially for 159 years, up to 1768." "The Jesuits followed a kind of  communist method, using cunning and violence. Guarani Indians of both sexes and all ages  were put to forced labour for the mission. The Indians did not have any personal property. All the produce as gathered in communal storehouses. Whatever food and clothing the Indians needed as well as the general needs of the commune, were distributed from these . The Jesuits oversaw the work in a factory manner.  The Jesuits enforced work duty .The supply of food and other necessities to the Indians depended on the results of production. The power structure was centralized and work was performed in groups. The commune even organized entertainment. When punishment was meted out the Indians were made to kiss the hand of their executioner, thank him and express their remorse. The commune leadership was comprised of Jesuit priests....The Jesuits aspired to create an independent state...An interesting fact is that primarily Central European Jesuits [of Jewish stock] were chosen as leaders of the Paraguay missions. Paraguay was an example of standardisation, the "right of co-determination", the factory mentality, communist methods, an iron curtain...politurks, servitude, violence, propaganda and militarism,. The Indians where turned into helpless, dependent creatures. Their chances for spiritual development were curbed. Special Jesuit priests [like   politruks] indoctrinated the Indians not to express their dissatisfaction. Information about the real conditions eventually reached the outside world despite all hypocrisy and double-dealing. In 1759, the Jesuits were ordered to release the Indians and abolish their isolation system.....King Carlos III of Spain expelled the Jesuits from all his provinces in 1767. The Jesuits in Paraguay shared the fate of their brothers. One year later, in 1768 they officially left their missions without resistance, missions which had, through their communist way of life, stifled the spiritual development of the Indians. Thereby the Jesuits had gathered experience of indoctrination the exceedingly freedom-loving Indian nations and of changing them into obedient slaves in their commune." The Catholic Church was never harmed in Communist Nations in fact it has the support of the Communist governments. The Catholic Church rules Communist China arm in arm with the Asian and western Jews who control Communist China. There are close to one hundred million Catholic's in China who are allowed total practice by the Communist government when Falun Gong a Gentile Taoist movement is brutality oppressed and its members murdered and imprisoned were many are killed in the prison system to sell their organs on the market. Spiritual knowledge and practices are the ultimate danger to the Jewish agenda which is why the Jewish Jesuits ran the Inquisition. Which is why Mao banned all spiritual practices and put Taoist Chi Gong masters in camps and any teaching or practicing of such was punished by death during the cultural revolution which was organized by western Jews. And why the Jewish run Christian program executed all Gentile spiritual classes and destroyed their teachings. The only religion Gentiles are allowed is a fake religion in which the Gentiles empower a Jewish occult working to enslave the world. The Catholic Church, Jesuits, Frankists, Illuminati, Communists are all external wings of the same Jewish race long march thought the ages and world to bring about the one aim of the Jewish race. The global Jewish Kingdom. And the Jewish Kabballah is the center, heart and key to the entire Jewish goal. Which is why the entire leadership of the Jewish world government movement have always been and still are adepts in the Jewish Kabballah. The entire Jewish occult system of the Kabballah is based on the 22 Hebrew Letters the three levels of Kabballah the Creation by the Word, Merkava and Forbidden Practices [Forbidden meaning Gentile spiritual systems this branch deals with occult warfare against Gentiles its their black magic system and which they use for cursing] are all based on the 22 Hebrew letters. The only way to defeat the Jewish world government is the Final RTR which destroys the astral or Kether aspect of the letters and renders them Klipoth or empty husks in the material which causes their entire infrastructure to collapse. The Kabballah Jewish Adepts warn in their texts reversing the Hebrew letters and words which are all based on the 22 Hebrew letters is their one Achilles heel that can destroy them and this is to be guarded against. Sources Under the Sign of the Scorpion, Juri Lina The Coming Gnostic Civilization, Mark Pinkham

[evilcentral]

EVIL, S04E04 How to Build a Coffin

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[catholicartistsnyc]

Top 5 Catholic Artist-Recommended Parishes in NYC

Now that we've been sharing weekly interviews with Catholic artists in NYC for 6 months (!), we'd like to highlight some of the resources recommended in our 20+ interviews. This week: the top 5 parishes recommended by NYC Catholic artists!

1) St. Malachy's - The Actors' Chapel This parish was by far the most-recommended, since it has a special outreach to the professional performing arts community. Located in Times Square (across from the Eugene O'Neill Theatre, home to the Broadway show Book of Mormon), St. Malachy's holds a special post-theatre Mass on Saturdays at 11 p.m., which caters to both tourists and Broadway performers. The choir sings at the Sunday 11 a.m., and at various concerts and cabarets throughout the year. Sunday at 6 p.m. is the Young Adult Mass, often followed by a social. This parish is the first stop for many actors moving to the city, and many performers continue to travel from all parts of the city to make this parish their church home. Its Artist Shrine, featuring a specially-commissioned icon of St. Genesius (patron saint of actors) as well as icons for the patron saints of dancers, musicians, and visual artists, is a quiet and beautiful place to light a candle and sit quietly before a show. (And our blog interviewee Christopher Alles restored the Stations of the Cross!) It is also home to the St. Genesius Society, a workshop for playwrights, directors, and actors that meets on Thursday nights. Pastor: Fr. John Fraser www.actorschapel.org

2) Church of St. Paul the Apostle (Paulists) This church off of Columbus Circle is the motherhouse of the Paulist Fathers, a missionary society of men dedicated to the evangelization of North America. The Paulist community is home to Openings, a visual artist collective led by blog interviewee Fr. Frank Sabatté which holds exhibits in the church, and Busted Halo, a media ministry hosted by Fr. Dave Dwyer. St. Paul's has an active Young Adults group based at the Sunday 5:15 p.m. Mass, and the choir sings Sundays at 10 a.m. The parish also hosts a number of other groups and cultural activities year-round. Pastor: Fr. Joseph Ciccone, CSP www.stpaultheapostle.org 3) St. Vincent Ferrer (Dominicans) A number of artists recommended the beauty of the liturgy and the sacred space of St. Vincent Ferrer, part of a combined parish with St. Catherine of Siena that is run by the Dominican Friars. The Office of Readings and Vespers are offered weekdays at 5:30 p.m. followed by 6 p.m. Mass, which is a convenient way to pray with the church community at the end of the workday. In addition, there are multiple musical options for weekend Mass, including several Sung Masses with cantor and the Solemn Mass with the Schola Cantorum, celebrated at 12 p.m. on Sundays at St. Vincent Ferrer. Pastor: Fr. Walter Wagner, O.P. www.svsc.info 4) St. Francis of Assisi (Franciscans) St. Francis of Assisi offers as many daily Masses as St. Patrick's Cathedral, and almost as many weekend Masses. It also also open several hours each day for confessions, and is known as "New York's confessional." With its proximity to several subway lines as well as Penn Station, St. Francis is the place to catch daily Mass, confession, or adoration in between freelance gigs. The parish house can connect you to spiritual direction or to the St. Francis Counseling Center, which offers counseling at an income-based scale. Pastor: Fr. Andrew Reitz, O.F.M. www.stfrancisnyc.org

5) St. Ignatius Loyola (Jesuits) St. Ignatius is one of the most spectacular sanctuaries in the city, with a choir to match (Solemn Mass - Sundays at 11 a.m.). Run by the Jesuits, it is a great place to find a spiritual director. The Ignatian Young Adults group is active and large, and the parish also hosts a Christian Life Community and Centering Prayer group. It is well-known for its Sacred Music in a Sacred Space concert series, which brings major international sacred music groups to the city as well as featuring extraordinary NYC-based talent. Pastor: Fr. Dennis Yesalonia, S.J. www.stignatiusloyola.org And...a bonus parish (tied for recommendations with St. Francis and St. Ignatius)!

6) The Basilica of St. Patrick's Old Cathedral This parish is the original cathedral for the Archdiocese of New York. It is located in Soho and surrounded by a beautiful old cemetery, whose grass is trimmed by sheep every summer (ported in from upstate for a summer vacation). The cathedral is across Houston Street from the Sheen Center, and is a hub for the downtown community of Catholic artists. The pastor, Msgr. Donald Sakano, is a supporter of the arts, and is always open to artists interested in helping with the Basilica Artists' Initiative. Pastor: Msgr. Donald Sakano www.oldcathedral.org

Let us know if you check out any of these parishes and make one your home!

[coghive]

Download Mp3: Miyeruwe – Frank Sylva

Port Harcourt-based Gospel Music minister, recording artiste and songwriter Frank Sylva drops off a brand new song titled “Miyeruwe” translated into English from Urhobo language to mean “I Thank God“. This beautiful song of thanksgiving is one birthed in the place of fellowship with the Father and at the altar of thanksgiving. It is a song that will put into the heart of men the need to offer thanksgiving to God Almighty for His immeasurable goodness and mercies upon our lives. Minister Frank Sylva is a native of Delta State, and a graduate of music from Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. Watch "Miyeruwe – Frank Sylva " Video & Download Below;  https://youtu.be/_lfMi_lqHDM https://coghive.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Miyeruwe-I-Thank-You.mp3 Read the full article

[seeselfblack]

Ignatius Sancho

Ignatius Sancho (c. 1729 – 14 December 1780)  is the first known Black Briton to vote in a British election. He gained fame in his lifetime and after his death when his letters, The Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African, were edited and published providing one of the earliest accounts of the Maafa written in English by an African.

Sancho was born aboard a slave ship in 1729 and was orphaned soon after. His mother died in the Spanish colony of New Granada and his father committed suicide rather than live as a mfungwa . He was baptised, Ignatius and brought to England at the age of two, and to three maiden sisters in Greenwich. The three women added “Sancho” to his name, after the Don Quixote’s companion. His life with them was unhappy as they often psychologically abused him by threatening to return him to plantation slavery.

Fortunately, as a child he accidentally met the Duke of Montagu who lived on Blackheath. The Duke, quite impressed by Sancho’s  intellect, frankness and lively spirit, would often take him home and not only encouraged him to read but also lent him books from his personal library. The Duke strongly recommended that his three slavetresses cultivated his genius but unsurprisingly they refused. When life in Greenwich became unbearable, Sancho run away seeking help from the now-widowed Duchess of Montagu. She at first turned him away but on learning that he intended to shoot himself rather than return to his previous slavetresses, she took him into her household as a butler until her death, ‘when he found himself, by her Grace’s bequest and his own economy, possessed of seventy pounds in money, and an annuity of thirty.’

Sancho at first squandered his money on gambling and women. He even attempted acting, playing Othello and Oroonoko, two staple Black characters of the eighteenth century stage, but a speech impairment aborted his success there. When he lost his clothes at gambling he reformed his life and married a West Indian woman named Anne Osborne and became a devoted husband and father to his six children: Frances Joanna (1761–1815), Ann Alice (1763–1805), Elizabeth Bruce (1766–1837), Jonathan William (1768–1770), Lydia (1771–1776), Katherine Margaret (1773–1779) and William Leach Osborne (1775–1810).

Anne and Ignatius were married on 17 December 1758 in St. Margaret’s Church, Westminster. Sancho affectionately referred to his family as ‘the hen and chicks’ the ‘Sanchonets and Sanchonettas’. Sancho loved his wife unabashedly and nearly always appended his wife’s greetings to his letters. To one friend he wrote on 15 September 1770 that he hoped ‘Mrs. Sancho will be as good as her word, and soon pay you a visit. I will trust her with you though she is the treasure of my soul’. In another,  written on 11 October 1772 , he shared that he was ‘heartily tired of the country. The truth is Mrs Sancho and the girls are in town. I am not ashamed to own that I love my wife – I hope to see you married and as foolish.’

Around the time of the birth of their third child, Sancho became a valet to the George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu of the second creation, son-in-law of his earlier patron.  He remained there until 1773. It was in 1768, that Sancho’s portrait was painted by Thomas Gainsborough at the same time as the Duchess of Montagu sat for her portrait.

On 29th January 1774,  Anne and Ignatius Sancho opened a grocer’s shop offering merchandise such as tobacco, sugar and tea at 19 Charles Street in London’s Mayfair, Westminster. As shopkeeper Sancho enjoyed more time to socialize, correspond with his many friends, share his enjoyment of literature and attracted many people to his shop.  When it was quiet Sancho sat at the back and wrote his famous letters. His wife was also literate and discerning and they would read and discussed his correspondences together. Sancho wrote and published a Theory of Music and two plays.

Sancho was also the model for the character Shirna Cambo in the 1790 novel Memoirs and Opinions of Mr. Blenfield, in which he serves as a wise man and adviser to a young man who, like Smith was taken to visit him. During their friendship Cambo instucts Blemfield on filial duty, religion, literature, slavery and philanthropy. This novel is perhaps the first instance in English literature when white men visit a Black family in their home as equals and when Black people are shown as integrated into the white English community.

Sancho was indeed a wise man, but he was also very self-deprecating. He referred to himself as a ‘poor Negro’, a ‘blackamoor’, ‘a poor African’, ‘a fat old fellow’ and ‘Sancho the Big’. He signed his letter to the newspapers as ‘Africanus’. However his self-mockery was underpinned by deadly seriousness against the Maafa. Well aware that he was fortunate to have escaped West Indian slavery, he spoke against white supremacy system of slavery as a ‘subject which sours my blood’. He read the latest books and pamphlets against the Maafa, some sent to him by friends. He thanked a friend in a letter stating, ‘for your kindness in sending the books, that upon the unchristian and most diabolical usage of my brother Negroes, the illegality…the horrid wickedness of the traffic…the cruel carnage and depopulation of the human species… The perusal affected me more than I can express…’

Sancho’s life in England was punctuated with visits to the theatre, fishing in Scotland, celebrating his children’s birthdays. He enjoyed reading good books (and greatly admired the work of Phyllis Wheatley), his wife’s solicitude and intelligence, and smoking a pipe. He had a brand of tobacco named after him, ‘Sancho’s best Trinidado’. He wrote letters nearly to the end of his life, recording his decline through fever, asthma, dropsy and gout, many of his symptoms probably brought on by obesity.

When he died on the 14 December 1780 at the age of fifty-one and was buried in Broadway, Westminster, he became the first African to be given an obituary in the British press. His letters were collected and published by one of his correspondents, Miss F. Crewe in 1782 and sold so fast that the Monthly Review had to wait for the second printing the following year to review it. there were over 600 subscribers to the book including nobility, and Anne Sancho who kept on their grocer’s shop, receive £500 for its publication.

Their son William published the fifth edition of Sancho’s Letters in 1803. He transformed the family shop in Westminster into a printing and publishing venture.

Sancho features on the list of 100 Great Black Britons.

A plaque to the memory of Sancho was unveiled on 15 June 2007, on the remaining wall of Montague House on the south-west boundary of Greenwich Park.  A second plaque to his memory is on the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.

See also: 

- PublicDomainReview.org: Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African 

- Joseph Jekyll's Life of Ignatius Sancho

- See also: - PublicDomainReview.org: Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African 

-  Joseph Jekyll's Life of Ignatius Sancho

- Ignatius Sancho & Laurence Sterne: a Letter- Wikipedia: ingatius Sancho

[evilcentral]

coltermikecolter: All hail the #Kings of @evil Robert & Michelle King 👏🏿👏🏿👏🏿😈 👿and a lot of GOOD 😇 👼 @paramountplus @netflix